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[PATCH v1 7/9] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often
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* [PATCH v1 7/9] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often
@ 2023-08-07 23:51  Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2023-08-07 23:51 UTC (permalink / raw)

Previously pg_regress.c only checked whether the server started up once a
second - in most cases startup is much faster though. Use the same interval as
pg_ctl does.
---
 src/test/regress/pg_regress.c | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
index 407e3915cec..46af1fddbdb 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
+++ b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ const char *pretty_diff_opts = "-w -U3";
  */
 #define TESTNAME_WIDTH 36
 
+/* how often to recheck if postgres startup completed */
+#define WAITS_PER_SEC	10
+
 typedef enum TAPtype
 {
 	DIAG = 0,
@@ -2499,7 +2502,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 		else
 			wait_seconds = 60;
 
-		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds; i++)
+		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds * WAITS_PER_SEC; i++)
 		{
 			/* Done if psql succeeds */
 			fflush(NULL);
@@ -2519,7 +2522,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 					 outputdir);
 			}
 
-			pg_usleep(1000000L);
+			pg_usleep(1000000L / WAITS_PER_SEC);
 		}
 		if (i >= wait_seconds)
 		{
-- 
2.38.0


--uu4yojthqnm7ulmd
Content-Type: text/x-diff; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="v1-0008-ci-Don-t-specify-amount-of-memory.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v1 7/9] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often
@ 2023-08-07 23:51  Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2023-08-07 23:51 UTC (permalink / raw)

Previously pg_regress.c only checked whether the server started up once a
second - in most cases startup is much faster though. Use the same interval as
pg_ctl does.
---
 src/test/regress/pg_regress.c | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
index 407e3915cec..46af1fddbdb 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
+++ b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ const char *pretty_diff_opts = "-w -U3";
  */
 #define TESTNAME_WIDTH 36
 
+/* how often to recheck if postgres startup completed */
+#define WAITS_PER_SEC	10
+
 typedef enum TAPtype
 {
 	DIAG = 0,
@@ -2499,7 +2502,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 		else
 			wait_seconds = 60;
 
-		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds; i++)
+		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds * WAITS_PER_SEC; i++)
 		{
 			/* Done if psql succeeds */
 			fflush(NULL);
@@ -2519,7 +2522,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 					 outputdir);
 			}
 
-			pg_usleep(1000000L);
+			pg_usleep(1000000L / WAITS_PER_SEC);
 		}
 		if (i >= wait_seconds)
 		{
-- 
2.38.0


--uu4yojthqnm7ulmd
Content-Type: text/x-diff; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="v1-0008-ci-Don-t-specify-amount-of-memory.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 10/10] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often
@ 2023-08-07 23:51  Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2023-08-07 23:51 UTC (permalink / raw)

Previously pg_regress.c only checked whether the server started up once a
second - in most cases startup is much faster though. Use the same interval as
pg_ctl does.
---
 src/test/regress/pg_regress.c | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
index 407e3915cec..46af1fddbdb 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
+++ b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ const char *pretty_diff_opts = "-w -U3";
  */
 #define TESTNAME_WIDTH 36
 
+/* how often to recheck if postgres startup completed */
+#define WAITS_PER_SEC	10
+
 typedef enum TAPtype
 {
 	DIAG = 0,
@@ -2499,7 +2502,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 		else
 			wait_seconds = 60;
 
-		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds; i++)
+		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds * WAITS_PER_SEC; i++)
 		{
 			/* Done if psql succeeds */
 			fflush(NULL);
@@ -2519,7 +2522,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 					 outputdir);
 			}
 
-			pg_usleep(1000000L);
+			pg_usleep(1000000L / WAITS_PER_SEC);
 		}
 		if (i >= wait_seconds)
 		{
-- 
2.38.0


--uh2yukyzfvojbe2k--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v1 7/9] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often
@ 2023-08-07 23:51  Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2023-08-07 23:51 UTC (permalink / raw)

Previously pg_regress.c only checked whether the server started up once a
second - in most cases startup is much faster though. Use the same interval as
pg_ctl does.
---
 src/test/regress/pg_regress.c | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
index 407e3915cec..46af1fddbdb 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
+++ b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ const char *pretty_diff_opts = "-w -U3";
  */
 #define TESTNAME_WIDTH 36
 
+/* how often to recheck if postgres startup completed */
+#define WAITS_PER_SEC	10
+
 typedef enum TAPtype
 {
 	DIAG = 0,
@@ -2499,7 +2502,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 		else
 			wait_seconds = 60;
 
-		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds; i++)
+		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds * WAITS_PER_SEC; i++)
 		{
 			/* Done if psql succeeds */
 			fflush(NULL);
@@ -2519,7 +2522,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 					 outputdir);
 			}
 
-			pg_usleep(1000000L);
+			pg_usleep(1000000L / WAITS_PER_SEC);
 		}
 		if (i >= wait_seconds)
 		{
-- 
2.38.0


--uu4yojthqnm7ulmd
Content-Type: text/x-diff; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="v1-0008-ci-Don-t-specify-amount-of-memory.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 10/10] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often
@ 2023-08-07 23:51  Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2023-08-07 23:51 UTC (permalink / raw)

Previously pg_regress.c only checked whether the server started up once a
second - in most cases startup is much faster though. Use the same interval as
pg_ctl does.
---
 src/test/regress/pg_regress.c | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
index 407e3915cec..46af1fddbdb 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
+++ b/src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ const char *pretty_diff_opts = "-w -U3";
  */
 #define TESTNAME_WIDTH 36
 
+/* how often to recheck if postgres startup completed */
+#define WAITS_PER_SEC	10
+
 typedef enum TAPtype
 {
 	DIAG = 0,
@@ -2499,7 +2502,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 		else
 			wait_seconds = 60;
 
-		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds; i++)
+		for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds * WAITS_PER_SEC; i++)
 		{
 			/* Done if psql succeeds */
 			fflush(NULL);
@@ -2519,7 +2522,7 @@ regression_main(int argc, char *argv[],
 					 outputdir);
 			}
 
-			pg_usleep(1000000L);
+			pg_usleep(1000000L / WAITS_PER_SEC);
 		}
 		if (i >= wait_seconds)
 		{
-- 
2.38.0


--uh2yukyzfvojbe2k--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v1 2/3] Move x86 popcount code to pg_popcount_x86_64.c.
@ 2026-01-14 17:54  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-01-14 17:54 UTC (permalink / raw)

This moves the SSE4.2 popcount implementations to the recently
renamed file for x86-64-specific popcount code.
---
 src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h |  20 ++-
 src/port/pg_bitutils.c         | 263 +-------------------------------
 src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c  | 264 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 267 insertions(+), 280 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h b/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
index 8ed12f7a021..c9c508d4ba3 100644
--- a/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
+++ b/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
@@ -307,23 +307,21 @@ pg_ceil_log2_64(uint64 num)
 #define POPCNT_AARCH64 1
 #endif
 
+extern int	pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word);
+extern int	pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word);
+extern uint64 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes);
+extern uint64 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+
 #ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-/* Attempt to use the POPCNT instruction, but perform a runtime check first */
+/*
+ * Attempt to use SSE4.2 or AVX-512 instructions, but perform a runtime check
+ * first.
+ */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int (*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int (*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT uint64 (*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT uint64 (*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
 
-/*
- * We can also try to use the AVX-512 popcount instruction on some systems.
- * The implementation of that is located in its own file.
- */
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
-extern bool pg_popcount_avx512_available(void);
-extern uint64 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes);
-extern uint64 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-#endif
-
 #elif POPCNT_AARCH64
 /* Use the Neon version of pg_popcount{32,64} without function pointer. */
 extern int	pg_popcount32(uint32 word);
diff --git a/src/port/pg_bitutils.c b/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
index 7875bbb0f4b..9f9f90ddd4d 100644
--- a/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
+++ b/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
@@ -12,13 +12,6 @@
  */
 #include "c.h"
 
-#ifdef HAVE__GET_CPUID
-#include <cpuid.h>
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE__CPUID
-#include <intrin.h>
-#endif
-
 #include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
 
 
@@ -103,257 +96,11 @@ const uint8 pg_number_of_ones[256] = {
 	4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7, 5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 8
 };
 
-/*
- * If we are building the Neon versions, we don't need the "slow" fallbacks.
- */
-#ifndef POPCNT_AARCH64
-static inline int pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word);
-static inline int pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-#endif
-
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-static bool pg_popcount_available(void);
-static int	pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word);
-static int	pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-static inline int pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word);
-static inline int pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-
-int			(*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word) = pg_popcount32_choose;
-int			(*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word) = pg_popcount64_choose;
-uint64		(*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes) = pg_popcount_choose;
-uint64		(*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask) = pg_popcount_masked_choose;
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-
-/*
- * Return true if CPUID indicates that the POPCNT instruction is available.
- */
-static bool
-pg_popcount_available(void)
-{
-	unsigned int exx[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-
-#if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID)
-	__get_cpuid(1, &exx[0], &exx[1], &exx[2], &exx[3]);
-#elif defined(HAVE__CPUID)
-	__cpuid(exx, 1);
-#else
-#error cpuid instruction not available
-#endif
-
-	return (exx[2] & (1 << 23)) != 0;	/* POPCNT */
-}
-
-/*
- * These functions get called on the first call to pg_popcount32 etc.
- * They detect whether we can use the asm implementations, and replace
- * the function pointers so that subsequent calls are routed directly to
- * the chosen implementation.
- */
-static inline void
-choose_popcount_functions(void)
-{
-	if (pg_popcount_available())
-	{
-		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_fast;
-		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_fast;
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_fast;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_fast;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_slow;
-		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_slow;
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_slow;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_slow;
-	}
-
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
-	if (pg_popcount_avx512_available())
-	{
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_avx512;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_avx512;
-	}
-#endif
-}
-
-static int
-pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount32(word);
-}
-
-static int
-pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount64(word);
-}
-
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount_optimized(buf, bytes);
-}
-
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount_masked(buf, bytes, mask);
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount32_fast
- *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
- */
-static inline int
-pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word)
-{
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-	return __popcnt(word);
-#else
-	uint32		res;
-
-__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntl %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
-	return (int) res;
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount64_fast
- *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
- */
-static inline int
-pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word)
-{
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-	return __popcnt64(word);
-#else
-	uint64		res;
-
-__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntq %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
-	return (int) res;
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount_fast
- *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
- */
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes)
-{
-	uint64		popcnt = 0;
-
-#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
-	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
-	{
-		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 8)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++);
-			bytes -= 8;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#else
-	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
-	{
-		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 4)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++);
-			bytes -= 4;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* Process any remaining bytes */
-	while (bytes--)
-		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++];
-
-	return popcnt;
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount_masked_fast
- *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
- */
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
-{
-	uint64		popcnt = 0;
-
-#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
-	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned */
-	uint64		maskv = ~UINT64CONST(0) / 0xFF * mask;
-
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
-	{
-		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 8)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++ & maskv);
-			bytes -= 8;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#else
-	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	uint32		maskv = ~((uint32) 0) / 0xFF * mask;
-
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
-	{
-		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 4)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++ & maskv);
-			bytes -= 4;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* Process any remaining bytes */
-	while (bytes--)
-		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++ & mask];
-
-	return popcnt;
-}
-
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-
-/*
- * If we are building the Neon versions, we don't need the "slow" fallbacks.
- */
-#ifndef POPCNT_AARCH64
-
 /*
  * pg_popcount32_slow
  *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
  */
-static inline int
+int
 pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE__BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
@@ -375,7 +122,7 @@ pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word)
  * pg_popcount64_slow
  *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
  */
-static inline int
+int
 pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE__BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
@@ -403,7 +150,7 @@ pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word)
  * pg_popcount_slow
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
  */
-static uint64
+uint64
 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes)
 {
 	uint64		popcnt = 0;
@@ -449,7 +196,7 @@ pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes)
  * pg_popcount_masked_slow
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
  */
-static uint64
+uint64
 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 {
 	uint64		popcnt = 0;
@@ -495,8 +242,6 @@ pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 	return popcnt;
 }
 
-#endif							/* ! POPCNT_AARCH64 */
-
 #if !defined(TRY_POPCNT_X86_64) && !defined(POPCNT_AARCH64)
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c b/src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c
index 453c7a06ce9..f8643642613 100644
--- a/src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c
+++ b/src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c
@@ -12,26 +12,74 @@
  */
 #include "c.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+#include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
+
+#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
 
 #if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID) || defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID_COUNT)
 #include <cpuid.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
 #include <immintrin.h>
+#endif
 
 #if defined(HAVE__CPUID) || defined(HAVE__CPUIDEX)
 #include <intrin.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
+/*
+ * The SSE4.2 versions are built regardless of whether we are building the
+ * AVX-512 versions.
+ */
+static inline int pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word);
+static inline int pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
 
 /*
- * It's probably unlikely that TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 won't be set if we are able to
- * use AVX-512 intrinsics, but we check it anyway to be sure.  We piggy-back on
- * the function pointers that are only used when TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 is set.
+ * These are the AVX-512 implementations of the popcount functions.
  */
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+static uint64 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+#endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * The function pointers are initially set to "choose" functions.  These
+ * functions will first set the pointers to the right implementations (base on
+ * what the current CPU supports) and then will call the pointer to fulfill the
+ * caller's request.
+ */
+static int	pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word);
+static int	pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+int			(*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word) = pg_popcount32_choose;
+int			(*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word) = pg_popcount64_choose;
+uint64		(*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes) = pg_popcount_choose;
+uint64		(*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask) = pg_popcount_masked_choose;
+
+/*
+ * Return true if CPUID indicates that the POPCNT instruction is available.
+ */
+static bool
+pg_popcount_available(void)
+{
+	unsigned int exx[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+#if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID)
+	__get_cpuid(1, &exx[0], &exx[1], &exx[2], &exx[3]);
+#elif defined(HAVE__CPUID)
+	__cpuid(exx, 1);
+#else
+#error cpuid instruction not available
+#endif
+
+	return (exx[2] & (1 << 23)) != 0;	/* POPCNT */
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
 
 /*
  * Does CPUID say there's support for XSAVE instructions?
@@ -94,7 +142,7 @@ avx512_popcnt_available(void)
  * Returns true if the CPU supports the instructions required for the AVX-512
  * pg_popcount() implementation.
  */
-bool
+static bool
 pg_popcount_avx512_available(void)
 {
 	return xsave_available() &&
@@ -102,12 +150,77 @@ pg_popcount_avx512_available(void)
 		avx512_popcnt_available();
 }
 
+#endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * These functions get called on the first call to pg_popcount32 etc.
+ * They detect whether we can use the asm implementations, and replace
+ * the function pointers so that subsequent calls are routed directly to
+ * the chosen implementation.
+ */
+static inline void
+choose_popcount_functions(void)
+{
+	if (pg_popcount_available())
+	{
+		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_fast;
+		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_fast;
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_fast;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_fast;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_slow;
+		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_slow;
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_slow;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_slow;
+	}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+	if (pg_popcount_avx512_available())
+	{
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_avx512;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_avx512;
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount32(word);
+}
+
+static int
+pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount64(word);
+}
+
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount_optimized(buf, bytes);
+}
+
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount_masked(buf, bytes, mask);
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+
 /*
  * pg_popcount_avx512
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
  */
 pg_attribute_target("avx512vpopcntdq,avx512bw")
-uint64
+static uint64
 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes)
 {
 	__m512i		val,
@@ -163,7 +276,7 @@ pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes)
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
  */
 pg_attribute_target("avx512vpopcntdq,avx512bw")
-uint64
+static uint64
 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 {
 	__m512i		val,
@@ -219,5 +332,136 @@ pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 	return _mm512_reduce_add_epi64(accum);
 }
 
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
 #endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount32_fast
+ *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
+ */
+static inline int
+pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word)
+{
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+	return __popcnt(word);
+#else
+	uint32		res;
+
+__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntl %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
+	return (int) res;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount64_fast
+ *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
+ */
+static inline int
+pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word)
+{
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+	return __popcnt64(word);
+#else
+	uint64		res;
+
+__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntq %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
+	return (int) res;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount_fast
+ *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
+ */
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes)
+{
+	uint64		popcnt = 0;
+
+#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
+	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
+	{
+		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 8)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++);
+			bytes -= 8;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#else
+	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
+	{
+		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 4)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++);
+			bytes -= 4;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Process any remaining bytes */
+	while (bytes--)
+		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++];
+
+	return popcnt;
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount_masked_fast
+ *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
+ */
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
+{
+	uint64		popcnt = 0;
+
+#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
+	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned */
+	uint64		maskv = ~UINT64CONST(0) / 0xFF * mask;
+
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
+	{
+		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 8)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++ & maskv);
+			bytes -= 8;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#else
+	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	uint32		maskv = ~((uint32) 0) / 0xFF * mask;
+
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
+	{
+		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 4)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++ & maskv);
+			bytes -= 4;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Process any remaining bytes */
+	while (bytes--)
+		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++ & mask];
+
+	return popcnt;
+}
+
+#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--RzZ1MyDExwO9gtVK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v1-0003-Rename-fast-and-slow-popcount-functions.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] Move x86 popcount code to pg_popcount_x86_64.c.
@ 2026-01-14 17:54  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-01-14 17:54 UTC (permalink / raw)

This moves the SSE4.2 popcount implementations to the recently
renamed file for x86-64-specific popcount code.
---
 src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h |  20 ++-
 src/port/pg_bitutils.c         | 263 +-------------------------------
 src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c     | 264 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 267 insertions(+), 280 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h b/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
index 8ed12f7a021..c9c508d4ba3 100644
--- a/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
+++ b/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
@@ -307,23 +307,21 @@ pg_ceil_log2_64(uint64 num)
 #define POPCNT_AARCH64 1
 #endif
 
+extern int	pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word);
+extern int	pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word);
+extern uint64 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes);
+extern uint64 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+
 #ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-/* Attempt to use the POPCNT instruction, but perform a runtime check first */
+/*
+ * Attempt to use SSE4.2 or AVX-512 instructions, but perform a runtime check
+ * first.
+ */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int (*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int (*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT uint64 (*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT uint64 (*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
 
-/*
- * We can also try to use the AVX-512 popcount instruction on some systems.
- * The implementation of that is located in its own file.
- */
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
-extern bool pg_popcount_avx512_available(void);
-extern uint64 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes);
-extern uint64 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-#endif
-
 #elif POPCNT_AARCH64
 /* Use the Neon version of pg_popcount{32,64} without function pointer. */
 extern int	pg_popcount32(uint32 word);
diff --git a/src/port/pg_bitutils.c b/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
index 7875bbb0f4b..9f9f90ddd4d 100644
--- a/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
+++ b/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
@@ -12,13 +12,6 @@
  */
 #include "c.h"
 
-#ifdef HAVE__GET_CPUID
-#include <cpuid.h>
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE__CPUID
-#include <intrin.h>
-#endif
-
 #include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
 
 
@@ -103,257 +96,11 @@ const uint8 pg_number_of_ones[256] = {
 	4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7, 5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 8
 };
 
-/*
- * If we are building the Neon versions, we don't need the "slow" fallbacks.
- */
-#ifndef POPCNT_AARCH64
-static inline int pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word);
-static inline int pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-#endif
-
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-static bool pg_popcount_available(void);
-static int	pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word);
-static int	pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-static inline int pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word);
-static inline int pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-
-int			(*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word) = pg_popcount32_choose;
-int			(*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word) = pg_popcount64_choose;
-uint64		(*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes) = pg_popcount_choose;
-uint64		(*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask) = pg_popcount_masked_choose;
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-
-/*
- * Return true if CPUID indicates that the POPCNT instruction is available.
- */
-static bool
-pg_popcount_available(void)
-{
-	unsigned int exx[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-
-#if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID)
-	__get_cpuid(1, &exx[0], &exx[1], &exx[2], &exx[3]);
-#elif defined(HAVE__CPUID)
-	__cpuid(exx, 1);
-#else
-#error cpuid instruction not available
-#endif
-
-	return (exx[2] & (1 << 23)) != 0;	/* POPCNT */
-}
-
-/*
- * These functions get called on the first call to pg_popcount32 etc.
- * They detect whether we can use the asm implementations, and replace
- * the function pointers so that subsequent calls are routed directly to
- * the chosen implementation.
- */
-static inline void
-choose_popcount_functions(void)
-{
-	if (pg_popcount_available())
-	{
-		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_fast;
-		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_fast;
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_fast;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_fast;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_slow;
-		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_slow;
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_slow;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_slow;
-	}
-
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
-	if (pg_popcount_avx512_available())
-	{
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_avx512;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_avx512;
-	}
-#endif
-}
-
-static int
-pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount32(word);
-}
-
-static int
-pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount64(word);
-}
-
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount_optimized(buf, bytes);
-}
-
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount_masked(buf, bytes, mask);
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount32_fast
- *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
- */
-static inline int
-pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word)
-{
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-	return __popcnt(word);
-#else
-	uint32		res;
-
-__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntl %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
-	return (int) res;
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount64_fast
- *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
- */
-static inline int
-pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word)
-{
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-	return __popcnt64(word);
-#else
-	uint64		res;
-
-__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntq %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
-	return (int) res;
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount_fast
- *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
- */
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes)
-{
-	uint64		popcnt = 0;
-
-#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
-	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
-	{
-		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 8)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++);
-			bytes -= 8;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#else
-	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
-	{
-		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 4)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++);
-			bytes -= 4;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* Process any remaining bytes */
-	while (bytes--)
-		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++];
-
-	return popcnt;
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount_masked_fast
- *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
- */
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
-{
-	uint64		popcnt = 0;
-
-#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
-	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned */
-	uint64		maskv = ~UINT64CONST(0) / 0xFF * mask;
-
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
-	{
-		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 8)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++ & maskv);
-			bytes -= 8;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#else
-	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	uint32		maskv = ~((uint32) 0) / 0xFF * mask;
-
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
-	{
-		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 4)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++ & maskv);
-			bytes -= 4;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* Process any remaining bytes */
-	while (bytes--)
-		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++ & mask];
-
-	return popcnt;
-}
-
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-
-/*
- * If we are building the Neon versions, we don't need the "slow" fallbacks.
- */
-#ifndef POPCNT_AARCH64
-
 /*
  * pg_popcount32_slow
  *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
  */
-static inline int
+int
 pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE__BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
@@ -375,7 +122,7 @@ pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word)
  * pg_popcount64_slow
  *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
  */
-static inline int
+int
 pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE__BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
@@ -403,7 +150,7 @@ pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word)
  * pg_popcount_slow
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
  */
-static uint64
+uint64
 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes)
 {
 	uint64		popcnt = 0;
@@ -449,7 +196,7 @@ pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes)
  * pg_popcount_masked_slow
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
  */
-static uint64
+uint64
 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 {
 	uint64		popcnt = 0;
@@ -495,8 +242,6 @@ pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 	return popcnt;
 }
 
-#endif							/* ! POPCNT_AARCH64 */
-
 #if !defined(TRY_POPCNT_X86_64) && !defined(POPCNT_AARCH64)
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c b/src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c
index 453c7a06ce9..f8643642613 100644
--- a/src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c
+++ b/src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c
@@ -12,26 +12,74 @@
  */
 #include "c.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+#include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
+
+#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
 
 #if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID) || defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID_COUNT)
 #include <cpuid.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
 #include <immintrin.h>
+#endif
 
 #if defined(HAVE__CPUID) || defined(HAVE__CPUIDEX)
 #include <intrin.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
+/*
+ * The SSE4.2 versions are built regardless of whether we are building the
+ * AVX-512 versions.
+ */
+static inline int pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word);
+static inline int pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
 
 /*
- * It's probably unlikely that TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 won't be set if we are able to
- * use AVX-512 intrinsics, but we check it anyway to be sure.  We piggy-back on
- * the function pointers that are only used when TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 is set.
+ * These are the AVX-512 implementations of the popcount functions.
  */
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+static uint64 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+#endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * The function pointers are initially set to "choose" functions.  These
+ * functions will first set the pointers to the right implementations (base on
+ * what the current CPU supports) and then will call the pointer to fulfill the
+ * caller's request.
+ */
+static int	pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word);
+static int	pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+int			(*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word) = pg_popcount32_choose;
+int			(*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word) = pg_popcount64_choose;
+uint64		(*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes) = pg_popcount_choose;
+uint64		(*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask) = pg_popcount_masked_choose;
+
+/*
+ * Return true if CPUID indicates that the POPCNT instruction is available.
+ */
+static bool
+pg_popcount_available(void)
+{
+	unsigned int exx[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+#if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID)
+	__get_cpuid(1, &exx[0], &exx[1], &exx[2], &exx[3]);
+#elif defined(HAVE__CPUID)
+	__cpuid(exx, 1);
+#else
+#error cpuid instruction not available
+#endif
+
+	return (exx[2] & (1 << 23)) != 0;	/* POPCNT */
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
 
 /*
  * Does CPUID say there's support for XSAVE instructions?
@@ -94,7 +142,7 @@ avx512_popcnt_available(void)
  * Returns true if the CPU supports the instructions required for the AVX-512
  * pg_popcount() implementation.
  */
-bool
+static bool
 pg_popcount_avx512_available(void)
 {
 	return xsave_available() &&
@@ -102,12 +150,77 @@ pg_popcount_avx512_available(void)
 		avx512_popcnt_available();
 }
 
+#endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * These functions get called on the first call to pg_popcount32 etc.
+ * They detect whether we can use the asm implementations, and replace
+ * the function pointers so that subsequent calls are routed directly to
+ * the chosen implementation.
+ */
+static inline void
+choose_popcount_functions(void)
+{
+	if (pg_popcount_available())
+	{
+		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_fast;
+		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_fast;
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_fast;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_fast;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_slow;
+		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_slow;
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_slow;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_slow;
+	}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+	if (pg_popcount_avx512_available())
+	{
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_avx512;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_avx512;
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount32(word);
+}
+
+static int
+pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount64(word);
+}
+
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount_optimized(buf, bytes);
+}
+
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount_masked(buf, bytes, mask);
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+
 /*
  * pg_popcount_avx512
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
  */
 pg_attribute_target("avx512vpopcntdq,avx512bw")
-uint64
+static uint64
 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes)
 {
 	__m512i		val,
@@ -163,7 +276,7 @@ pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes)
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
  */
 pg_attribute_target("avx512vpopcntdq,avx512bw")
-uint64
+static uint64
 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 {
 	__m512i		val,
@@ -219,5 +332,136 @@ pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 	return _mm512_reduce_add_epi64(accum);
 }
 
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
 #endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount32_fast
+ *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
+ */
+static inline int
+pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word)
+{
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+	return __popcnt(word);
+#else
+	uint32		res;
+
+__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntl %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
+	return (int) res;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount64_fast
+ *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
+ */
+static inline int
+pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word)
+{
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+	return __popcnt64(word);
+#else
+	uint64		res;
+
+__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntq %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
+	return (int) res;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount_fast
+ *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
+ */
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes)
+{
+	uint64		popcnt = 0;
+
+#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
+	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
+	{
+		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 8)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++);
+			bytes -= 8;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#else
+	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
+	{
+		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 4)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++);
+			bytes -= 4;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Process any remaining bytes */
+	while (bytes--)
+		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++];
+
+	return popcnt;
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount_masked_fast
+ *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
+ */
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
+{
+	uint64		popcnt = 0;
+
+#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
+	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned */
+	uint64		maskv = ~UINT64CONST(0) / 0xFF * mask;
+
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
+	{
+		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 8)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++ & maskv);
+			bytes -= 8;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#else
+	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	uint32		maskv = ~((uint32) 0) / 0xFF * mask;
+
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
+	{
+		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 4)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++ & maskv);
+			bytes -= 4;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Process any remaining bytes */
+	while (bytes--)
+		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++ & mask];
+
+	return popcnt;
+}
+
+#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--KuW0xlRTZoVkcm/J
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-Rename-fast-and-slow-popcount-functions.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v1 2/3] Move x86 popcount code to pg_popcount_x86_64.c.
@ 2026-01-14 17:54  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-01-14 17:54 UTC (permalink / raw)

This moves the SSE4.2 popcount implementations to the recently
renamed file for x86-64-specific popcount code.
---
 src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h |  20 ++-
 src/port/pg_bitutils.c         | 263 +-------------------------------
 src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c  | 264 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 267 insertions(+), 280 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h b/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
index 8ed12f7a021..c9c508d4ba3 100644
--- a/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
+++ b/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
@@ -307,23 +307,21 @@ pg_ceil_log2_64(uint64 num)
 #define POPCNT_AARCH64 1
 #endif
 
+extern int	pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word);
+extern int	pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word);
+extern uint64 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes);
+extern uint64 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+
 #ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-/* Attempt to use the POPCNT instruction, but perform a runtime check first */
+/*
+ * Attempt to use SSE4.2 or AVX-512 instructions, but perform a runtime check
+ * first.
+ */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int (*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int (*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT uint64 (*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT uint64 (*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
 
-/*
- * We can also try to use the AVX-512 popcount instruction on some systems.
- * The implementation of that is located in its own file.
- */
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
-extern bool pg_popcount_avx512_available(void);
-extern uint64 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes);
-extern uint64 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-#endif
-
 #elif POPCNT_AARCH64
 /* Use the Neon version of pg_popcount{32,64} without function pointer. */
 extern int	pg_popcount32(uint32 word);
diff --git a/src/port/pg_bitutils.c b/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
index 7875bbb0f4b..9f9f90ddd4d 100644
--- a/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
+++ b/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
@@ -12,13 +12,6 @@
  */
 #include "c.h"
 
-#ifdef HAVE__GET_CPUID
-#include <cpuid.h>
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE__CPUID
-#include <intrin.h>
-#endif
-
 #include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
 
 
@@ -103,257 +96,11 @@ const uint8 pg_number_of_ones[256] = {
 	4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7, 5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 8
 };
 
-/*
- * If we are building the Neon versions, we don't need the "slow" fallbacks.
- */
-#ifndef POPCNT_AARCH64
-static inline int pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word);
-static inline int pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-#endif
-
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-static bool pg_popcount_available(void);
-static int	pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word);
-static int	pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-static inline int pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word);
-static inline int pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-
-int			(*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word) = pg_popcount32_choose;
-int			(*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word) = pg_popcount64_choose;
-uint64		(*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes) = pg_popcount_choose;
-uint64		(*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask) = pg_popcount_masked_choose;
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-
-/*
- * Return true if CPUID indicates that the POPCNT instruction is available.
- */
-static bool
-pg_popcount_available(void)
-{
-	unsigned int exx[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-
-#if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID)
-	__get_cpuid(1, &exx[0], &exx[1], &exx[2], &exx[3]);
-#elif defined(HAVE__CPUID)
-	__cpuid(exx, 1);
-#else
-#error cpuid instruction not available
-#endif
-
-	return (exx[2] & (1 << 23)) != 0;	/* POPCNT */
-}
-
-/*
- * These functions get called on the first call to pg_popcount32 etc.
- * They detect whether we can use the asm implementations, and replace
- * the function pointers so that subsequent calls are routed directly to
- * the chosen implementation.
- */
-static inline void
-choose_popcount_functions(void)
-{
-	if (pg_popcount_available())
-	{
-		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_fast;
-		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_fast;
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_fast;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_fast;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_slow;
-		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_slow;
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_slow;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_slow;
-	}
-
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
-	if (pg_popcount_avx512_available())
-	{
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_avx512;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_avx512;
-	}
-#endif
-}
-
-static int
-pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount32(word);
-}
-
-static int
-pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount64(word);
-}
-
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount_optimized(buf, bytes);
-}
-
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount_masked(buf, bytes, mask);
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount32_fast
- *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
- */
-static inline int
-pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word)
-{
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-	return __popcnt(word);
-#else
-	uint32		res;
-
-__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntl %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
-	return (int) res;
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount64_fast
- *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
- */
-static inline int
-pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word)
-{
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-	return __popcnt64(word);
-#else
-	uint64		res;
-
-__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntq %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
-	return (int) res;
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount_fast
- *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
- */
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes)
-{
-	uint64		popcnt = 0;
-
-#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
-	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
-	{
-		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 8)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++);
-			bytes -= 8;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#else
-	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
-	{
-		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 4)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++);
-			bytes -= 4;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* Process any remaining bytes */
-	while (bytes--)
-		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++];
-
-	return popcnt;
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount_masked_fast
- *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
- */
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
-{
-	uint64		popcnt = 0;
-
-#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
-	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned */
-	uint64		maskv = ~UINT64CONST(0) / 0xFF * mask;
-
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
-	{
-		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 8)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++ & maskv);
-			bytes -= 8;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#else
-	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	uint32		maskv = ~((uint32) 0) / 0xFF * mask;
-
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
-	{
-		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 4)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++ & maskv);
-			bytes -= 4;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* Process any remaining bytes */
-	while (bytes--)
-		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++ & mask];
-
-	return popcnt;
-}
-
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-
-/*
- * If we are building the Neon versions, we don't need the "slow" fallbacks.
- */
-#ifndef POPCNT_AARCH64
-
 /*
  * pg_popcount32_slow
  *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
  */
-static inline int
+int
 pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE__BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
@@ -375,7 +122,7 @@ pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word)
  * pg_popcount64_slow
  *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
  */
-static inline int
+int
 pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE__BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
@@ -403,7 +150,7 @@ pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word)
  * pg_popcount_slow
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
  */
-static uint64
+uint64
 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes)
 {
 	uint64		popcnt = 0;
@@ -449,7 +196,7 @@ pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes)
  * pg_popcount_masked_slow
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
  */
-static uint64
+uint64
 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 {
 	uint64		popcnt = 0;
@@ -495,8 +242,6 @@ pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 	return popcnt;
 }
 
-#endif							/* ! POPCNT_AARCH64 */
-
 #if !defined(TRY_POPCNT_X86_64) && !defined(POPCNT_AARCH64)
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c b/src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c
index 453c7a06ce9..f8643642613 100644
--- a/src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c
+++ b/src/port/pg_popcount_x86_64.c
@@ -12,26 +12,74 @@
  */
 #include "c.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+#include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
+
+#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
 
 #if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID) || defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID_COUNT)
 #include <cpuid.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
 #include <immintrin.h>
+#endif
 
 #if defined(HAVE__CPUID) || defined(HAVE__CPUIDEX)
 #include <intrin.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
+/*
+ * The SSE4.2 versions are built regardless of whether we are building the
+ * AVX-512 versions.
+ */
+static inline int pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word);
+static inline int pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
 
 /*
- * It's probably unlikely that TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 won't be set if we are able to
- * use AVX-512 intrinsics, but we check it anyway to be sure.  We piggy-back on
- * the function pointers that are only used when TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 is set.
+ * These are the AVX-512 implementations of the popcount functions.
  */
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+static uint64 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+#endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * The function pointers are initially set to "choose" functions.  These
+ * functions will first set the pointers to the right implementations (base on
+ * what the current CPU supports) and then will call the pointer to fulfill the
+ * caller's request.
+ */
+static int	pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word);
+static int	pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+int			(*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word) = pg_popcount32_choose;
+int			(*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word) = pg_popcount64_choose;
+uint64		(*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes) = pg_popcount_choose;
+uint64		(*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask) = pg_popcount_masked_choose;
+
+/*
+ * Return true if CPUID indicates that the POPCNT instruction is available.
+ */
+static bool
+pg_popcount_available(void)
+{
+	unsigned int exx[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+#if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID)
+	__get_cpuid(1, &exx[0], &exx[1], &exx[2], &exx[3]);
+#elif defined(HAVE__CPUID)
+	__cpuid(exx, 1);
+#else
+#error cpuid instruction not available
+#endif
+
+	return (exx[2] & (1 << 23)) != 0;	/* POPCNT */
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
 
 /*
  * Does CPUID say there's support for XSAVE instructions?
@@ -94,7 +142,7 @@ avx512_popcnt_available(void)
  * Returns true if the CPU supports the instructions required for the AVX-512
  * pg_popcount() implementation.
  */
-bool
+static bool
 pg_popcount_avx512_available(void)
 {
 	return xsave_available() &&
@@ -102,12 +150,77 @@ pg_popcount_avx512_available(void)
 		avx512_popcnt_available();
 }
 
+#endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * These functions get called on the first call to pg_popcount32 etc.
+ * They detect whether we can use the asm implementations, and replace
+ * the function pointers so that subsequent calls are routed directly to
+ * the chosen implementation.
+ */
+static inline void
+choose_popcount_functions(void)
+{
+	if (pg_popcount_available())
+	{
+		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_fast;
+		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_fast;
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_fast;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_fast;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_slow;
+		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_slow;
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_slow;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_slow;
+	}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+	if (pg_popcount_avx512_available())
+	{
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_avx512;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_avx512;
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount32(word);
+}
+
+static int
+pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount64(word);
+}
+
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount_optimized(buf, bytes);
+}
+
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount_masked(buf, bytes, mask);
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+
 /*
  * pg_popcount_avx512
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
  */
 pg_attribute_target("avx512vpopcntdq,avx512bw")
-uint64
+static uint64
 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes)
 {
 	__m512i		val,
@@ -163,7 +276,7 @@ pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes)
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
  */
 pg_attribute_target("avx512vpopcntdq,avx512bw")
-uint64
+static uint64
 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 {
 	__m512i		val,
@@ -219,5 +332,136 @@ pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 	return _mm512_reduce_add_epi64(accum);
 }
 
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
 #endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount32_fast
+ *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
+ */
+static inline int
+pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word)
+{
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+	return __popcnt(word);
+#else
+	uint32		res;
+
+__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntl %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
+	return (int) res;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount64_fast
+ *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
+ */
+static inline int
+pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word)
+{
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+	return __popcnt64(word);
+#else
+	uint64		res;
+
+__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntq %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
+	return (int) res;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount_fast
+ *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
+ */
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes)
+{
+	uint64		popcnt = 0;
+
+#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
+	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
+	{
+		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 8)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++);
+			bytes -= 8;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#else
+	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
+	{
+		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 4)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++);
+			bytes -= 4;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Process any remaining bytes */
+	while (bytes--)
+		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++];
+
+	return popcnt;
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount_masked_fast
+ *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
+ */
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
+{
+	uint64		popcnt = 0;
+
+#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
+	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned */
+	uint64		maskv = ~UINT64CONST(0) / 0xFF * mask;
+
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
+	{
+		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 8)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++ & maskv);
+			bytes -= 8;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#else
+	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	uint32		maskv = ~((uint32) 0) / 0xFF * mask;
+
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
+	{
+		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 4)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++ & maskv);
+			bytes -= 4;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Process any remaining bytes */
+	while (bytes--)
+		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++ & mask];
+
+	return popcnt;
+}
+
+#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--RzZ1MyDExwO9gtVK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v1-0003-Rename-fast-and-slow-popcount-functions.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] Move x86 popcount code to pg_popcount_x86_64.c.
@ 2026-01-14 17:54  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-01-14 17:54 UTC (permalink / raw)

This moves the SSE4.2 popcount implementations to the recently
renamed file for x86-64-specific popcount code.
---
 src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h |  20 ++-
 src/port/pg_bitutils.c         | 263 +-------------------------------
 src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c     | 264 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 267 insertions(+), 280 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h b/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
index 8ed12f7a021..c9c508d4ba3 100644
--- a/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
+++ b/src/include/port/pg_bitutils.h
@@ -307,23 +307,21 @@ pg_ceil_log2_64(uint64 num)
 #define POPCNT_AARCH64 1
 #endif
 
+extern int	pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word);
+extern int	pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word);
+extern uint64 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes);
+extern uint64 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+
 #ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-/* Attempt to use the POPCNT instruction, but perform a runtime check first */
+/*
+ * Attempt to use SSE4.2 or AVX-512 instructions, but perform a runtime check
+ * first.
+ */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int (*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int (*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT uint64 (*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes);
 extern PGDLLIMPORT uint64 (*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
 
-/*
- * We can also try to use the AVX-512 popcount instruction on some systems.
- * The implementation of that is located in its own file.
- */
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
-extern bool pg_popcount_avx512_available(void);
-extern uint64 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes);
-extern uint64 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-#endif
-
 #elif POPCNT_AARCH64
 /* Use the Neon version of pg_popcount{32,64} without function pointer. */
 extern int	pg_popcount32(uint32 word);
diff --git a/src/port/pg_bitutils.c b/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
index 7875bbb0f4b..9f9f90ddd4d 100644
--- a/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
+++ b/src/port/pg_bitutils.c
@@ -12,13 +12,6 @@
  */
 #include "c.h"
 
-#ifdef HAVE__GET_CPUID
-#include <cpuid.h>
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE__CPUID
-#include <intrin.h>
-#endif
-
 #include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
 
 
@@ -103,257 +96,11 @@ const uint8 pg_number_of_ones[256] = {
 	4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7, 5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 8
 };
 
-/*
- * If we are building the Neon versions, we don't need the "slow" fallbacks.
- */
-#ifndef POPCNT_AARCH64
-static inline int pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word);
-static inline int pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-#endif
-
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-static bool pg_popcount_available(void);
-static int	pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word);
-static int	pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-static inline int pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word);
-static inline int pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes);
-static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
-
-int			(*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word) = pg_popcount32_choose;
-int			(*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word) = pg_popcount64_choose;
-uint64		(*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes) = pg_popcount_choose;
-uint64		(*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask) = pg_popcount_masked_choose;
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
-
-/*
- * Return true if CPUID indicates that the POPCNT instruction is available.
- */
-static bool
-pg_popcount_available(void)
-{
-	unsigned int exx[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-
-#if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID)
-	__get_cpuid(1, &exx[0], &exx[1], &exx[2], &exx[3]);
-#elif defined(HAVE__CPUID)
-	__cpuid(exx, 1);
-#else
-#error cpuid instruction not available
-#endif
-
-	return (exx[2] & (1 << 23)) != 0;	/* POPCNT */
-}
-
-/*
- * These functions get called on the first call to pg_popcount32 etc.
- * They detect whether we can use the asm implementations, and replace
- * the function pointers so that subsequent calls are routed directly to
- * the chosen implementation.
- */
-static inline void
-choose_popcount_functions(void)
-{
-	if (pg_popcount_available())
-	{
-		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_fast;
-		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_fast;
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_fast;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_fast;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_slow;
-		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_slow;
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_slow;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_slow;
-	}
-
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
-	if (pg_popcount_avx512_available())
-	{
-		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_avx512;
-		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_avx512;
-	}
-#endif
-}
-
-static int
-pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount32(word);
-}
-
-static int
-pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount64(word);
-}
-
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount_optimized(buf, bytes);
-}
-
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
-{
-	choose_popcount_functions();
-	return pg_popcount_masked(buf, bytes, mask);
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount32_fast
- *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
- */
-static inline int
-pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word)
-{
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-	return __popcnt(word);
-#else
-	uint32		res;
-
-__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntl %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
-	return (int) res;
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount64_fast
- *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
- */
-static inline int
-pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word)
-{
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-	return __popcnt64(word);
-#else
-	uint64		res;
-
-__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntq %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
-	return (int) res;
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount_fast
- *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
- */
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes)
-{
-	uint64		popcnt = 0;
-
-#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
-	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
-	{
-		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 8)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++);
-			bytes -= 8;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#else
-	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
-	{
-		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 4)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++);
-			bytes -= 4;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* Process any remaining bytes */
-	while (bytes--)
-		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++];
-
-	return popcnt;
-}
-
-/*
- * pg_popcount_masked_fast
- *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
- */
-static uint64
-pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
-{
-	uint64		popcnt = 0;
-
-#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
-	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned */
-	uint64		maskv = ~UINT64CONST(0) / 0xFF * mask;
-
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
-	{
-		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 8)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++ & maskv);
-			bytes -= 8;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#else
-	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
-	uint32		maskv = ~((uint32) 0) / 0xFF * mask;
-
-	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
-	{
-		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
-
-		while (bytes >= 4)
-		{
-			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++ & maskv);
-			bytes -= 4;
-		}
-
-		buf = (const char *) words;
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* Process any remaining bytes */
-	while (bytes--)
-		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++ & mask];
-
-	return popcnt;
-}
-
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-
-/*
- * If we are building the Neon versions, we don't need the "slow" fallbacks.
- */
-#ifndef POPCNT_AARCH64
-
 /*
  * pg_popcount32_slow
  *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
  */
-static inline int
+int
 pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE__BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
@@ -375,7 +122,7 @@ pg_popcount32_slow(uint32 word)
  * pg_popcount64_slow
  *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
  */
-static inline int
+int
 pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE__BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
@@ -403,7 +150,7 @@ pg_popcount64_slow(uint64 word)
  * pg_popcount_slow
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
  */
-static uint64
+uint64
 pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes)
 {
 	uint64		popcnt = 0;
@@ -449,7 +196,7 @@ pg_popcount_slow(const char *buf, int bytes)
  * pg_popcount_masked_slow
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
  */
-static uint64
+uint64
 pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 {
 	uint64		popcnt = 0;
@@ -495,8 +242,6 @@ pg_popcount_masked_slow(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 	return popcnt;
 }
 
-#endif							/* ! POPCNT_AARCH64 */
-
 #if !defined(TRY_POPCNT_X86_64) && !defined(POPCNT_AARCH64)
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c b/src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c
index 453c7a06ce9..f8643642613 100644
--- a/src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c
+++ b/src/port/pg_popcount_x86.c
@@ -12,26 +12,74 @@
  */
 #include "c.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+#include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
+
+#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
 
 #if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID) || defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID_COUNT)
 #include <cpuid.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
 #include <immintrin.h>
+#endif
 
 #if defined(HAVE__CPUID) || defined(HAVE__CPUIDEX)
 #include <intrin.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
+/*
+ * The SSE4.2 versions are built regardless of whether we are building the
+ * AVX-512 versions.
+ */
+static inline int pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word);
+static inline int pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
 
 /*
- * It's probably unlikely that TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 won't be set if we are able to
- * use AVX-512 intrinsics, but we check it anyway to be sure.  We piggy-back on
- * the function pointers that are only used when TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 is set.
+ * These are the AVX-512 implementations of the popcount functions.
  */
-#ifdef TRY_POPCNT_X86_64
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+static uint64 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+#endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * The function pointers are initially set to "choose" functions.  These
+ * functions will first set the pointers to the right implementations (base on
+ * what the current CPU supports) and then will call the pointer to fulfill the
+ * caller's request.
+ */
+static int	pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word);
+static int	pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes);
+static uint64 pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask);
+int			(*pg_popcount32) (uint32 word) = pg_popcount32_choose;
+int			(*pg_popcount64) (uint64 word) = pg_popcount64_choose;
+uint64		(*pg_popcount_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes) = pg_popcount_choose;
+uint64		(*pg_popcount_masked_optimized) (const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask) = pg_popcount_masked_choose;
+
+/*
+ * Return true if CPUID indicates that the POPCNT instruction is available.
+ */
+static bool
+pg_popcount_available(void)
+{
+	unsigned int exx[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+#if defined(HAVE__GET_CPUID)
+	__get_cpuid(1, &exx[0], &exx[1], &exx[2], &exx[3]);
+#elif defined(HAVE__CPUID)
+	__cpuid(exx, 1);
+#else
+#error cpuid instruction not available
+#endif
+
+	return (exx[2] & (1 << 23)) != 0;	/* POPCNT */
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
 
 /*
  * Does CPUID say there's support for XSAVE instructions?
@@ -94,7 +142,7 @@ avx512_popcnt_available(void)
  * Returns true if the CPU supports the instructions required for the AVX-512
  * pg_popcount() implementation.
  */
-bool
+static bool
 pg_popcount_avx512_available(void)
 {
 	return xsave_available() &&
@@ -102,12 +150,77 @@ pg_popcount_avx512_available(void)
 		avx512_popcnt_available();
 }
 
+#endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * These functions get called on the first call to pg_popcount32 etc.
+ * They detect whether we can use the asm implementations, and replace
+ * the function pointers so that subsequent calls are routed directly to
+ * the chosen implementation.
+ */
+static inline void
+choose_popcount_functions(void)
+{
+	if (pg_popcount_available())
+	{
+		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_fast;
+		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_fast;
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_fast;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_fast;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		pg_popcount32 = pg_popcount32_slow;
+		pg_popcount64 = pg_popcount64_slow;
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_slow;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_slow;
+	}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+	if (pg_popcount_avx512_available())
+	{
+		pg_popcount_optimized = pg_popcount_avx512;
+		pg_popcount_masked_optimized = pg_popcount_masked_avx512;
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+pg_popcount32_choose(uint32 word)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount32(word);
+}
+
+static int
+pg_popcount64_choose(uint64 word)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount64(word);
+}
+
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_choose(const char *buf, int bytes)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount_optimized(buf, bytes);
+}
+
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_masked_choose(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
+{
+	choose_popcount_functions();
+	return pg_popcount_masked(buf, bytes, mask);
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK
+
 /*
  * pg_popcount_avx512
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
  */
 pg_attribute_target("avx512vpopcntdq,avx512bw")
-uint64
+static uint64
 pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes)
 {
 	__m512i		val,
@@ -163,7 +276,7 @@ pg_popcount_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes)
  *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
  */
 pg_attribute_target("avx512vpopcntdq,avx512bw")
-uint64
+static uint64
 pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 {
 	__m512i		val,
@@ -219,5 +332,136 @@ pg_popcount_masked_avx512(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
 	return _mm512_reduce_add_epi64(accum);
 }
 
-#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
 #endif							/* USE_AVX512_POPCNT_WITH_RUNTIME_CHECK */
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount32_fast
+ *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
+ */
+static inline int
+pg_popcount32_fast(uint32 word)
+{
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+	return __popcnt(word);
+#else
+	uint32		res;
+
+__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntl %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
+	return (int) res;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount64_fast
+ *		Return the number of 1 bits set in word
+ */
+static inline int
+pg_popcount64_fast(uint64 word)
+{
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+	return __popcnt64(word);
+#else
+	uint64		res;
+
+__asm__ __volatile__(" popcntq %1,%0\n":"=q"(res):"rm"(word):"cc");
+	return (int) res;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount_fast
+ *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf
+ */
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_fast(const char *buf, int bytes)
+{
+	uint64		popcnt = 0;
+
+#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
+	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
+	{
+		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 8)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++);
+			bytes -= 8;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#else
+	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
+	{
+		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 4)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++);
+			bytes -= 4;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Process any remaining bytes */
+	while (bytes--)
+		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++];
+
+	return popcnt;
+}
+
+/*
+ * pg_popcount_masked_fast
+ *		Returns the number of 1-bits in buf after applying the mask to each byte
+ */
+static uint64
+pg_popcount_masked_fast(const char *buf, int bytes, bits8 mask)
+{
+	uint64		popcnt = 0;
+
+#if SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8
+	/* Process in 64-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned */
+	uint64		maskv = ~UINT64CONST(0) / 0xFF * mask;
+
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(8, buf))
+	{
+		const uint64 *words = (const uint64 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 8)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount64_fast(*words++ & maskv);
+			bytes -= 8;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#else
+	/* Process in 32-bit chunks if the buffer is aligned. */
+	uint32		maskv = ~((uint32) 0) / 0xFF * mask;
+
+	if (buf == (const char *) TYPEALIGN(4, buf))
+	{
+		const uint32 *words = (const uint32 *) buf;
+
+		while (bytes >= 4)
+		{
+			popcnt += pg_popcount32_fast(*words++ & maskv);
+			bytes -= 4;
+		}
+
+		buf = (const char *) words;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Process any remaining bytes */
+	while (bytes--)
+		popcnt += pg_number_of_ones[(unsigned char) *buf++ & mask];
+
+	return popcnt;
+}
+
+#endif							/* TRY_POPCNT_X86_64 */
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--KuW0xlRTZoVkcm/J
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-Rename-fast-and-slow-popcount-functions.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 1/5] Add REPACK command
@ 2026-02-27 18:01  Antonin Houska <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Antonin Houska @ 2026-02-27 18:01 UTC (permalink / raw)

REPACK absorbs the functionality of VACUUM FULL and CLUSTER in a single
command.  Because this functionality is completely different from
regular VACUUM, having it separate from VACUUM makes it easier for users
to understand; as for CLUSTER, the term is heavily overloaded in the
IT world and even in Postgres itself, so it's good that we can avoid it.

Author: Antonin Houska <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: =C3=81lvaro Herrera <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Mihail Nikalayeu <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Robert Treat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Euler Taveira <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Matheus Alcantara <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Junwang Zhao <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: jian he <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/82651.1720540558@antos
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
---
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml             | 223 +++++-
 doc/src/sgml/ref/allfiles.sgml           |   1 +
 doc/src/sgml/ref/cluster.sgml            |  97 +--
 doc/src/sgml/ref/repack.sgml             | 327 +++++++++
 doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuum.sgml             |  33 +-
 doc/src/sgml/reference.sgml              |   1 +
 src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c |  32 +-
 src/backend/catalog/index.c              |   2 +-
 src/backend/catalog/system_views.sql     |  29 +-
 src/backend/commands/cluster.c           | 842 +++++++++++++++--------
 src/backend/commands/vacuum.c            |   6 +-
 src/backend/parser/gram.y                |  86 ++-
 src/backend/tcop/utility.c               |  23 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c      |   4 +-
 src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c           |  42 +-
 src/include/commands/cluster.h           |   8 +-
 src/include/commands/progress.h          |  50 +-
 src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h           |  35 +-
 src/include/parser/kwlist.h              |   1 +
 src/include/tcop/cmdtaglist.h            |   1 +
 src/include/utils/backend_progress.h     |   2 +-
 src/test/regress/expected/cluster.out    | 134 +++-
 src/test/regress/expected/rules.out      |  72 +-
 src/test/regress/sql/cluster.sql         |  70 +-
 src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list         |   2 +
 25 files changed, 1595 insertions(+), 528 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 doc/src/sgml/ref/repack.sgml

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index b77d189a500..71c92ed53ef 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -405,6 +405,14 @@ postgres   27093  0.0  0.0  30096  2752 ?        Ss   =
11:34   0:00 postgres: ser
       </entry>
      </row>
=20
+     <row>
+      <entry><structname>pg_stat_progress_repack</structname><indexterm><p=
rimary>pg_stat_progress_repack</primary></indexterm></entry>
+      <entry>One row for each backend running
+       <command>REPACK</command>, showing current progress.  See
+       <xref linkend=3D"repack-progress-reporting"/>.
+      </entry>
+     </row>
+
      <row>
       <entry><structname>pg_stat_progress_basebackup</structname><indexter=
m><primary>pg_stat_progress_basebackup</primary></indexterm></entry>
       <entry>One row for each WAL sender process streaming a base backup,
@@ -5646,7 +5654,8 @@ FROM pg_stat_get_backend_idset() AS backendid;
    certain commands during command execution.  Currently, the only commands
    which support progress reporting are <command>ANALYZE</command>,
    <command>CLUSTER</command>,
-   <command>CREATE INDEX</command>, <command>VACUUM</command>,
+   <command>CREATE INDEX</command>, <command>REPACK</command>,
+   <command>VACUUM</command>,
    <command>COPY</command>,
    and <xref linkend=3D"protocol-replication-base-backup"/> (i.e., replica=
tion
    command that <xref linkend=3D"app-pgbasebackup"/> issues to take
@@ -6130,6 +6139,218 @@ FROM pg_stat_get_backend_idset() AS backendid;
   </table>
  </sect2>
=20
+ <sect2 id=3D"repack-progress-reporting">
+  <title>REPACK Progress Reporting</title>
+
+  <indexterm>
+   <primary>pg_stat_progress_repack</primary>
+  </indexterm>
+
+  <para>
+   Whenever <command>REPACK</command> is running,
+   the <structname>pg_stat_progress_repack</structname> view will contain a
+   row for each backend that is currently running the command.  The tables
+   below describe the information that will be reported and provide
+   information about how to interpret it.
+  </para>
+
+  <table id=3D"pg-stat-progress-repack-view" xreflabel=3D"pg_stat_progress=
_repack">
+   <title><structname>pg_stat_progress_repack</structname> View</title>
+   <tgroup cols=3D"1">
+    <thead>
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       Column Type
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       Description
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+    </thead>
+
+    <tbody>
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>pid</structfield> <type>integer</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       Process ID of backend.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>datid</structfield> <type>oid</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       OID of the database to which this backend is connected.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>datname</structfield> <type>name</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       Name of the database to which this backend is connected.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>relid</structfield> <type>oid</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       OID of the table being repacked.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>phase</structfield> <type>text</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       Current processing phase. See <xref linkend=3D"repack-phases"/>.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>repack_index_relid</structfield> <type>oid</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       If the table is being scanned using an index, this is the OID of the
+       index being used; otherwise, it is zero.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>heap_tuples_scanned</structfield> <type>bigint</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       Number of heap tuples scanned.
+       This counter only advances when the phase is
+       <literal>seq scanning heap</literal>,
+       <literal>index scanning heap</literal>
+       or <literal>writing new heap</literal>.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>heap_tuples_written</structfield> <type>bigint</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       Number of heap tuples written.
+       This counter only advances when the phase is
+       <literal>seq scanning heap</literal>,
+       <literal>index scanning heap</literal>
+       or <literal>writing new heap</literal>.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>heap_blks_total</structfield> <type>bigint</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       Total number of heap blocks in the table.  This number is reported
+       as of the beginning of <literal>seq scanning heap</literal>.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>heap_blks_scanned</structfield> <type>bigint</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       Number of heap blocks scanned.  This counter only advances when the
+       phase is <literal>seq scanning heap</literal>.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+
+     <row>
+      <entry role=3D"catalog_table_entry"><para role=3D"column_definition">
+       <structfield>index_rebuild_count</structfield> <type>bigint</type>
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       Number of indexes rebuilt.  This counter only advances when the pha=
se
+       is <literal>rebuilding index</literal>.
+      </para></entry>
+     </row>
+    </tbody>
+   </tgroup>
+  </table>
+
+  <table id=3D"repack-phases">
+   <title>REPACK Phases</title>
+   <tgroup cols=3D"2">
+    <colspec colname=3D"col1" colwidth=3D"1*"/>
+    <colspec colname=3D"col2" colwidth=3D"2*"/>
+    <thead>
+    <row>
+      <entry>Phase</entry>
+      <entry>Description</entry>
+     </row>
+    </thead>
+
+   <tbody>
+    <row>
+     <entry><literal>initializing</literal></entry>
+     <entry>
+       The command is preparing to begin scanning the heap.  This phase is
+       expected to be very brief.
+     </entry>
+    </row>
+    <row>
+     <entry><literal>seq scanning heap</literal></entry>
+     <entry>
+       The command is currently scanning the table using a sequential scan.
+     </entry>
+    </row>
+    <row>
+     <entry><literal>index scanning heap</literal></entry>
+     <entry>
+       <command>REPACK</command> is currently scanning the table using an =
index scan.
+     </entry>
+    </row>
+    <row>
+     <entry><literal>sorting tuples</literal></entry>
+     <entry>
+       <command>REPACK</command> is currently sorting tuples.
+     </entry>
+    </row>
+    <row>
+     <entry><literal>writing new heap</literal></entry>
+     <entry>
+       <command>REPACK</command> is currently writing the new heap.
+     </entry>
+    </row>
+    <row>
+     <entry><literal>swapping relation files</literal></entry>
+     <entry>
+       The command is currently swapping newly-built files into place.
+     </entry>
+    </row>
+    <row>
+     <entry><literal>rebuilding index</literal></entry>
+     <entry>
+       The command is currently rebuilding an index.
+     </entry>
+    </row>
+    <row>
+     <entry><literal>performing final cleanup</literal></entry>
+     <entry>
+       The command is performing final cleanup.  When this phase is
+       completed, <command>REPACK</command> will end.
+     </entry>
+    </row>
+   </tbody>
+   </tgroup>
+  </table>
+ </sect2>
+
  <sect2 id=3D"copy-progress-reporting">
   <title>COPY Progress Reporting</title>
=20
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/allfiles.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/allfiles.sgml
index e167406c744..141ada9c50a 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/allfiles.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/allfiles.sgml
@@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ Complete list of usable sgml source files in this direc=
tory.
 <!ENTITY refreshMaterializedView SYSTEM "refresh_materialized_view.sgml">
 <!ENTITY reindex            SYSTEM "reindex.sgml">
 <!ENTITY releaseSavepoint   SYSTEM "release_savepoint.sgml">
+<!ENTITY repack             SYSTEM "repack.sgml">
 <!ENTITY reset              SYSTEM "reset.sgml">
 <!ENTITY revoke             SYSTEM "revoke.sgml">
 <!ENTITY rollback           SYSTEM "rollback.sgml">
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/cluster.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/cluster.sgml
index 0b47460080b..2cda711bc9f 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/cluster.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/cluster.sgml
@@ -33,51 +33,13 @@ CLUSTER [ ( <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</re=
placeable> [, ...] ) ] [ <r
   <title>Description</title>
=20
   <para>
-   <command>CLUSTER</command> instructs <productname>PostgreSQL</productna=
me>
-   to cluster the table specified
-   by <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_name</replaceable>
-   based on the index specified by
-   <replaceable class=3D"parameter">index_name</replaceable>. The index mu=
st
-   already have been defined on
-   <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_name</replaceable>.
+   The <command>CLUSTER</command> command is equivalent to
+   <xref linkend=3D"sql-repack"/> with an <literal>USING INDEX</literal>
+   clause.  See there for more details.
   </para>
=20
-  <para>
-   When a table is clustered, it is physically reordered
-   based on the index information. Clustering is a one-time operation:
-   when the table is subsequently updated, the changes are
-   not clustered.  That is, no attempt is made to store new or
-   updated rows according to their index order.  (If one wishes, one can
-   periodically recluster by issuing the command again.  Also, setting
-   the table's <literal>fillfactor</literal> storage parameter to less than
-   100% can aid in preserving cluster ordering during updates, since updat=
ed
-   rows are kept on the same page if enough space is available there.)
-  </para>
-
-  <para>
-   When a table is clustered, <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
-   remembers which index it was clustered by.  The form
-   <command>CLUSTER <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_name</replaceab=
le></command>
-   reclusters the table using the same index as before.  You can also
-   use the <literal>CLUSTER</literal> or <literal>SET WITHOUT CLUSTER</lit=
eral>
-   forms of <link linkend=3D"sql-altertable"><command>ALTER TABLE</command=
></link> to set the index to be used for
-   future cluster operations, or to clear any previous setting.
-  </para>
-
-  <para>
-   <command>CLUSTER</command> without a
-   <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_name</replaceable> reclusters al=
l the
-   previously-clustered tables in the current database that the calling us=
er
-   has privileges for.  This form of <command>CLUSTER</command> cannot be
-   executed inside a transaction block.
-  </para>
+<!-- Do we need to describe exactly which options map to what?  They seem =
obvious to me. -->
=20
-  <para>
-   When a table is being clustered, an <literal>ACCESS
-   EXCLUSIVE</literal> lock is acquired on it. This prevents any other
-   database operations (both reads and writes) from operating on the
-   table until the <command>CLUSTER</command> is finished.
-  </para>
  </refsect1>
=20
  <refsect1>
@@ -136,63 +98,12 @@ CLUSTER [ ( <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</r=
eplaceable> [, ...] ) ] [ <r
     on the table.
    </para>
=20
-   <para>
-    In cases where you are accessing single rows randomly
-    within a table, the actual order of the data in the
-    table is unimportant. However, if you tend to access some
-    data more than others, and there is an index that groups
-    them together, you will benefit from using <command>CLUSTER</command>.
-    If you are requesting a range of indexed values from a table, or a
-    single indexed value that has multiple rows that match,
-    <command>CLUSTER</command> will help because once the index identifies=
 the
-    table page for the first row that matches, all other rows
-    that match are probably already on the same table page,
-    and so you save disk accesses and speed up the query.
-   </para>
-
-   <para>
-    <command>CLUSTER</command> can re-sort the table using either an index=
 scan
-    on the specified index, or (if the index is a b-tree) a sequential
-    scan followed by sorting.  It will attempt to choose the method that
-    will be faster, based on planner cost parameters and available statist=
ical
-    information.
-   </para>
-
    <para>
     While <command>CLUSTER</command> is running, the <xref
     linkend=3D"guc-search-path"/> is temporarily changed to <literal>pg_ca=
talog,
     pg_temp</literal>.
    </para>
=20
-   <para>
-    When an index scan is used, a temporary copy of the table is created t=
hat
-    contains the table data in the index order.  Temporary copies of each
-    index on the table are created as well.  Therefore, you need free spac=
e on
-    disk at least equal to the sum of the table size and the index sizes.
-   </para>
-
-   <para>
-    When a sequential scan and sort is used, a temporary sort file is
-    also created, so that the peak temporary space requirement is as much
-    as double the table size, plus the index sizes.  This method is often
-    faster than the index scan method, but if the disk space requirement is
-    intolerable, you can disable this choice by temporarily setting <xref
-    linkend=3D"guc-enable-sort"/> to <literal>off</literal>.
-   </para>
-
-   <para>
-    It is advisable to set <xref linkend=3D"guc-maintenance-work-mem"/> to
-    a reasonably large value (but not more than the amount of RAM you can
-    dedicate to the <command>CLUSTER</command> operation) before clusterin=
g.
-   </para>
-
-   <para>
-    Because the planner records statistics about the ordering of
-    tables, it is advisable to run <link linkend=3D"sql-analyze"><command>=
ANALYZE</command></link>
-    on the newly clustered table.
-    Otherwise, the planner might make poor choices of query plans.
-   </para>
-
    <para>
     Because <command>CLUSTER</command> remembers which indexes are cluster=
ed,
     one can cluster the tables one wants clustered manually the first time,
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/repack.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/repack.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..25b55e2228b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/repack.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+<!--
+doc/src/sgml/ref/repack.sgml
+PostgreSQL documentation
+-->
+
+<refentry id=3D"sql-repack">
+ <indexterm zone=3D"sql-repack">
+  <primary>REPACK</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <refmeta>
+  <refentrytitle>REPACK</refentrytitle>
+  <manvolnum>7</manvolnum>
+  <refmiscinfo>SQL - Language Statements</refmiscinfo>
+ </refmeta>
+
+ <refnamediv>
+  <refname>REPACK</refname>
+  <refpurpose>rewrite a table to reclaim disk space</refpurpose>
+ </refnamediv>
+
+ <refsynopsisdiv>
+<synopsis>
+REPACK [ ( <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</replaceable> [, ...] )=
 ] [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_and_columns</replaceable> [ USI=
NG INDEX [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">index_name</replaceable> ] ] ]
+REPACK [ ( <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</replaceable> [, ...] )=
 ] USING INDEX
+
+<phrase>where <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</replaceable> can be=
 one of:</phrase>
+
+    VERBOSE [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable> ]
+    ANALYZE [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable> ]
+
+<phrase>and <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_and_columns</replaceabl=
e> is:</phrase>
+
+    <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ ( <replace=
able class=3D"parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ...] ) ]
+</synopsis>
+ </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+ <refsect1>
+  <title>Description</title>
+
+  <para>
+   <command>REPACK</command> reclaims storage occupied by dead
+   tuples. Unlike <command>VACUUM</command>, it does so by rewriting the
+   entire contents of the table specified
+   by <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_name</replaceable> into a new=
 disk
+   file with no extra space (except for the space guaranteed by
+   the <literal>fillfactor</literal> storage parameter), allowing unused s=
pace
+   to be returned to the operating system.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   Without
+   a <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_name</replaceable>, <command>R=
EPACK</command>
+   processes every table and materialized view in the current database that
+   the current user has the <literal>MAINTAIN</literal> privilege on. This
+   form of <command>REPACK</command> cannot be executed inside a transacti=
on
+   block.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   If a <literal>USING INDEX</literal> clause is specified, the rows are
+   physically reordered based on information from an index.  Please see the
+   notes on clustering below.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   When a table is being repacked, an <literal>ACCESS EXCLUSIVE</literal> =
lock
+   is acquired on it. This prevents any other database operations (both re=
ads
+   and writes) from operating on the table until the <command>REPACK</comm=
and>
+   is finished.
+  </para>
+
+  <refsect2 id=3D"sql-repack-notes-on-clustering" xreflabel=3D"Notes on Cl=
ustering">
+   <title>Notes on Clustering</title>
+
+   <para>
+    If the <literal>USING INDEX</literal> clause is specified, the rows in
+    the table are physically reordered following an index: if an index name
+    is specified in the command, then that index is used; if no index name
+    is specified, then the index that has been configured as the index to
+    cluster on.  If no index has been configured in this way, an error is
+    thrown.  The index given in the <literal>USING INDEX</literal> clause
+    is configured as the index to cluster on, as well as an index given
+    to the <command>CLUSTER</command> command.  An index can be set
+    manually using <command>ALTER TABLE ... CLUSTER ON</command>, and reset
+    with <command>ALTER TABLE ... SET WITHOUT CLUSTER</command>.
+   </para>
+
+   <para>
+    If no table name is specified in <command>REPACK USING INDEX</command>,
+    all tables which have a clustering index defined and which the calling
+    user has privileges for are processed.
+   </para>
+
+   <para>
+    Clustering is a one-time operation: when the table is
+    subsequently updated, the changes are not clustered.  That is, no atte=
mpt
+    is made to store new or updated rows according to their index order.  =
(If
+    one wishes, one can periodically recluster by issuing the command agai=
n.
+    Also, setting the table's <literal>fillfactor</literal> storage parame=
ter
+    to less than 100% can aid in preserving cluster ordering during update=
s,
+    since updated rows are kept on the same page if enough space is availa=
ble
+    there.)
+   </para>
+
+   <para>
+    In cases where you are accessing single rows randomly within a table, =
the
+    actual order of the data in the table is unimportant. However, if you =
tend
+    to access some data more than others, and there is an index that groups
+    them together, you will benefit from using clustering.  If
+    you are requesting a range of indexed values from a table, or a single
+    indexed value that has multiple rows that match,
+    <command>REPACK</command> will help because once the index identifies =
the
+    table page for the first row that matches, all other rows that match a=
re
+    probably already on the same table page, and so you save disk accesses=
 and
+    speed up the query.
+   </para>
+
+   <para>
+    <command>REPACK</command> can re-sort the table using either an index =
scan
+    on the specified index (if the index is a b-tree), or a sequential scan
+    followed by sorting.  It will attempt to choose the method that will be
+    faster, based on planner cost parameters and available statistical
+    information.
+   </para>
+
+   <para>
+    Because the planner records statistics about the ordering of tables, i=
t is
+    advisable to
+    run <link linkend=3D"sql-analyze"><command>ANALYZE</command></link> on=
 the
+    newly repacked table.  Otherwise, the planner might make poor choices =
of
+    query plans.
+   </para>
+  </refsect2>
+
+  <refsect2 id=3D"sql-repack-notes-on-resources" xreflabel=3D"Notes on Res=
ources">
+   <title>Notes on Resources</title>
+
+   <para>
+    When an index scan or a sequential scan without sort is used, a tempor=
ary
+    copy of the table is created that contains the table data in the index
+    order.  Temporary copies of each index on the table are created as wel=
l.
+    Therefore, you need free space on disk at least equal to the sum of the
+    table size and the index sizes.
+   </para>
+
+   <para>
+    When a sequential scan and sort is used, a temporary sort file is also
+    created, so that the peak temporary space requirement is as much as do=
uble
+    the table size, plus the index sizes.  This method is often faster than
+    the index scan method, but if the disk space requirement is intolerabl=
e,
+    you can disable this choice by temporarily setting
+    <xref linkend=3D"guc-enable-sort"/> to <literal>off</literal>.
+   </para>
+
+   <para>
+    It is advisable to set <xref linkend=3D"guc-maintenance-work-mem"/> to=
 a
+    reasonably large value (but not more than the amount of RAM you can
+    dedicate to the <command>REPACK</command> operation) before repacking.
+   </para>
+  </refsect2>
+
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+  <title>Parameters</title>
+
+  <variablelist>
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_name</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The name (possibly schema-qualified) of a table.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class=3D"parameter">column_name</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The name of a specific column to analyze. Defaults to all columns.
+      If a column list is specific, <literal>ANALYZE</literal> must also
+      be specified.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class=3D"parameter">index_name</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The name of an index.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><literal>VERBOSE</literal></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      Prints a progress report as each table is repacked
+      at <literal>INFO</literal> level.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><literal>ANALYZE</literal></term>
+    <term><literal>ANALYSE</literal></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      Applies <xref linkend=3D"sql-analyze"/> on the table after repacking=
.  This is
+      currently only supported when a single (non-partitioned) table is sp=
ecified.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      Specifies whether the selected option should be turned on or off.
+      You can write <literal>TRUE</literal>, <literal>ON</literal>, or
+      <literal>1</literal> to enable the option, and <literal>FALSE</liter=
al>,
+      <literal>OFF</literal>, or <literal>0</literal> to disable it.  The
+      <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable> value can also
+      be omitted, in which case <literal>TRUE</literal> is assumed.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+  </variablelist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+  <title>Notes</title>
+
+   <para>
+    To repack a table, one must have the <literal>MAINTAIN</literal> privi=
lege
+    on the table.
+   </para>
+
+   <para>
+    While <command>REPACK</command> is running, the <xref
+    linkend=3D"guc-search-path"/> is temporarily changed to <literal>pg_ca=
talog,
+    pg_temp</literal>.
+   </para>
+
+  <para>
+    Each backend running <command>REPACK</command> will report its progress
+    in the <structname>pg_stat_progress_repack</structname> view. See
+    <xref linkend=3D"repack-progress-reporting"/> for details.
+  </para>
+
+   <para>
+    Repacking a partitioned table repacks each of its partitions. If an in=
dex
+    is specified, each partition is repacked using the partition of that
+    index. <command>REPACK</command> on a partitioned table cannot be exec=
uted
+    inside a transaction block.
+   </para>
+
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+  <title>Examples</title>
+
+  <para>
+   Repack the table <literal>employees</literal>:
+<programlisting>
+REPACK employees;
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   Repack the table <literal>employees</literal> on the basis of its
+   index <literal>employees_ind</literal> (Since index is used here, this =
is
+   effectively clustering):
+<programlisting>
+REPACK employees USING INDEX employees_ind;
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   Repack the table <literal>cases</literal> on physical ordering,
+   running an <command>ANALYZE</command> on the given columns once
+   repacking is done, showing informational messages:
+<programlisting>
+REPACK (ANALYZE, VERBOSE) cases (district, case_nr);
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   Repack all tables in the database on which you have
+   the <literal>MAINTAIN</literal> privilege:
+<programlisting>
+REPACK;
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   Repack all tables for which a clustering index has previously been
+   configured on which you have the <literal>MAINTAIN</literal> privilege,
+   showing informational messages:
+<programlisting>
+REPACK (VERBOSE) USING INDEX;
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+  <title>Compatibility</title>
+
+  <para>
+   There is no <command>REPACK</command> statement in the SQL standard.
+  </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+  <title>See Also</title>
+
+  <simplelist type=3D"inline">
+   <member><xref linkend=3D"repack-progress-reporting"/></member>
+  </simplelist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+</refentry>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuum.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuum.sgml
index 6d0fdd43cfb..ac5d083d468 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuum.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuum.sgml
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ VACUUM [ ( <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</repla=
ceable> [, ...] ) ] [ <re
=20
 <phrase>where <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</replaceable> can be=
 one of:</phrase>
=20
-    FULL [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable> ]
     FREEZE [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable> ]
     VERBOSE [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable> ]
     ANALYZE [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable> ]
@@ -39,6 +38,7 @@ VACUUM [ ( <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</repla=
ceable> [, ...] ) ] [ <re
     SKIP_DATABASE_STATS [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replac=
eable> ]
     ONLY_DATABASE_STATS [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replac=
eable> ]
     BUFFER_USAGE_LIMIT <replaceable class=3D"parameter">size</replaceable>
+    FULL [ <replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable> ]
=20
 <phrase>and <replaceable class=3D"parameter">table_and_columns</replaceabl=
e> is:</phrase>
=20
@@ -95,20 +95,6 @@ VACUUM [ ( <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</repl=
aceable> [, ...] ) ] [ <re
   <title>Parameters</title>
=20
   <variablelist>
-   <varlistentry>
-    <term><literal>FULL</literal></term>
-    <listitem>
-     <para>
-      Selects <quote>full</quote> vacuum, which can reclaim more
-      space, but takes much longer and exclusively locks the table.
-      This method also requires extra disk space, since it writes a
-      new copy of the table and doesn't release the old copy until
-      the operation is complete.  Usually this should only be used when a
-      significant amount of space needs to be reclaimed from within the ta=
ble.
-     </para>
-    </listitem>
-   </varlistentry>
-
    <varlistentry>
     <term><literal>FREEZE</literal></term>
     <listitem>
@@ -362,6 +348,23 @@ VACUUM [ ( <replaceable class=3D"parameter">option</re=
placeable> [, ...] ) ] [ <re
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
=20
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><literal>FULL</literal></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      This option, which is deprecated, makes <command>VACUUM</command>
+      behave like <command>REPACK</command> without a
+      <literal>USING INDEX</literal> clause.
+      This method of compacting the table takes much longer than
+      <command>VACUUM</command> and exclusively locks the table.
+      This method also requires extra disk space, since it writes a
+      new copy of the table and doesn't release the old copy until
+      the operation is complete.  Usually this should only be used when a
+      significant amount of space needs to be reclaimed from within the ta=
ble.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
    <varlistentry>
     <term><replaceable class=3D"parameter">boolean</replaceable></term>
     <listitem>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/reference.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/reference.sgml
index 2cf02c37b17..d9fdbb5d254 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/reference.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/reference.sgml
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@
    &refreshMaterializedView;
    &reindex;
    &releaseSavepoint;
+   &repack;
    &reset;
    &revoke;
    &rollback;
diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c b/src/backend/access/=
heap/heapam_handler.c
index 3ff36f59bf8..5137d2510ea 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
@@ -741,13 +741,13 @@ heapam_relation_copy_for_cluster(Relation OldHeap, Re=
lation NewHeap,
 	if (OldIndex !=3D NULL && !use_sort)
 	{
 		const int	ci_index[] =3D {
-			PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE,
-			PROGRESS_CLUSTER_INDEX_RELID
+			PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE,
+			PROGRESS_REPACK_INDEX_RELID
 		};
 		int64		ci_val[2];
=20
 		/* Set phase and OIDOldIndex to columns */
-		ci_val[0] =3D PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_INDEX_SCAN_HEAP;
+		ci_val[0] =3D PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_INDEX_SCAN_HEAP;
 		ci_val[1] =3D RelationGetRelid(OldIndex);
 		pgstat_progress_update_multi_param(2, ci_index, ci_val);
=20
@@ -759,15 +759,15 @@ heapam_relation_copy_for_cluster(Relation OldHeap, Re=
lation NewHeap,
 	else
 	{
 		/* In scan-and-sort mode and also VACUUM FULL, set phase */
-		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE,
-									 PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_SEQ_SCAN_HEAP);
+		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE,
+									 PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_SEQ_SCAN_HEAP);
=20
 		tableScan =3D table_beginscan(OldHeap, SnapshotAny, 0, (ScanKey) NULL);
 		heapScan =3D (HeapScanDesc) tableScan;
 		indexScan =3D NULL;
=20
 		/* Set total heap blocks */
-		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_TOTAL_HEAP_BLKS,
+		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_TOTAL_HEAP_BLKS,
 									 heapScan->rs_nblocks);
 	}
=20
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ heapam_relation_copy_for_cluster(Relation OldHeap, Rela=
tion NewHeap,
 				 * is manually updated to the correct value when the table
 				 * scan finishes.
 				 */
-				pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_HEAP_BLKS_SCANNED,
+				pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_HEAP_BLKS_SCANNED,
 											 heapScan->rs_nblocks);
 				break;
 			}
@@ -825,7 +825,7 @@ heapam_relation_copy_for_cluster(Relation OldHeap, Rela=
tion NewHeap,
 			 */
 			if (prev_cblock !=3D heapScan->rs_cblock)
 			{
-				pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_HEAP_BLKS_SCANNED,
+				pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_HEAP_BLKS_SCANNED,
 											 (heapScan->rs_cblock +
 											  heapScan->rs_nblocks -
 											  heapScan->rs_startblock
@@ -926,14 +926,14 @@ heapam_relation_copy_for_cluster(Relation OldHeap, Re=
lation NewHeap,
 			 * In scan-and-sort mode, report increase in number of tuples
 			 * scanned
 			 */
-			pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_HEAP_TUPLES_SCANNED,
+			pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_HEAP_TUPLES_SCANNED,
 										 *num_tuples);
 		}
 		else
 		{
 			const int	ct_index[] =3D {
-				PROGRESS_CLUSTER_HEAP_TUPLES_SCANNED,
-				PROGRESS_CLUSTER_HEAP_TUPLES_WRITTEN
+				PROGRESS_REPACK_HEAP_TUPLES_SCANNED,
+				PROGRESS_REPACK_HEAP_TUPLES_WRITTEN
 			};
 			int64		ct_val[2];
=20
@@ -966,14 +966,14 @@ heapam_relation_copy_for_cluster(Relation OldHeap, Re=
lation NewHeap,
 		double		n_tuples =3D 0;
=20
 		/* Report that we are now sorting tuples */
-		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE,
-									 PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_SORT_TUPLES);
+		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE,
+									 PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_SORT_TUPLES);
=20
 		tuplesort_performsort(tuplesort);
=20
 		/* Report that we are now writing new heap */
-		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE,
-									 PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_WRITE_NEW_HEAP);
+		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE,
+									 PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_WRITE_NEW_HEAP);
=20
 		for (;;)
 		{
@@ -991,7 +991,7 @@ heapam_relation_copy_for_cluster(Relation OldHeap, Rela=
tion NewHeap,
 									 values, isnull,
 									 rwstate);
 			/* Report n_tuples */
-			pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_HEAP_TUPLES_WRITTEN,
+			pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_HEAP_TUPLES_WRITTEN,
 										 n_tuples);
 		}
=20
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c
index 43de42ce39e..5ee6389d39c 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c
@@ -4077,7 +4077,7 @@ reindex_relation(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relid, =
int flags,
 		Assert(!ReindexIsProcessingIndex(indexOid));
=20
 		/* Set index rebuild count */
-		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_INDEX_REBUILD_COUNT,
+		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_INDEX_REBUILD_COUNT,
 									 i);
 		i++;
 	}
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/system_views.sql b/src/backend/catalog/sys=
tem_views.sql
index 1ea8f1faa9e..201c503548e 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/system_views.sql
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/system_views.sql
@@ -1304,14 +1304,15 @@ CREATE VIEW pg_stat_progress_vacuum AS
     FROM pg_stat_get_progress_info('VACUUM') AS S
         LEFT JOIN pg_database D ON S.datid =3D D.oid;
=20
-CREATE VIEW pg_stat_progress_cluster AS
+CREATE VIEW pg_stat_progress_repack AS
     SELECT
         S.pid AS pid,
         S.datid AS datid,
         D.datname AS datname,
         S.relid AS relid,
         CASE S.param1 WHEN 1 THEN 'CLUSTER'
-                      WHEN 2 THEN 'VACUUM FULL'
+                      WHEN 2 THEN 'REPACK'
+                      WHEN 3 THEN 'VACUUM FULL'
                       END AS command,
         CASE S.param2 WHEN 0 THEN 'initializing'
                       WHEN 1 THEN 'seq scanning heap'
@@ -1322,15 +1323,35 @@ CREATE VIEW pg_stat_progress_cluster AS
                       WHEN 6 THEN 'rebuilding index'
                       WHEN 7 THEN 'performing final cleanup'
                       END AS phase,
-        CAST(S.param3 AS oid) AS cluster_index_relid,
+        CAST(S.param3 AS oid) AS repack_index_relid,
         S.param4 AS heap_tuples_scanned,
         S.param5 AS heap_tuples_written,
         S.param6 AS heap_blks_total,
         S.param7 AS heap_blks_scanned,
         S.param8 AS index_rebuild_count
-    FROM pg_stat_get_progress_info('CLUSTER') AS S
+    FROM pg_stat_get_progress_info('REPACK') AS S
         LEFT JOIN pg_database D ON S.datid =3D D.oid;
=20
+-- This view is as the one above, except for renaming a column and avoiding
+-- 'REPACK' as a command name to report.
+CREATE VIEW pg_stat_progress_cluster AS
+    SELECT
+        pid,
+        datid,
+        datname,
+        relid,
+        CASE WHEN command IN ('CLUSTER', 'VACUUM FULL') THEN command
+             WHEN repack_index_relid =3D 0 THEN 'VACUUM FULL'
+             ELSE 'CLUSTER' END AS command,
+        phase,
+        repack_index_relid AS cluster_index_relid,
+        heap_tuples_scanned,
+        heap_tuples_written,
+        heap_blks_total,
+        heap_blks_scanned,
+        index_rebuild_count
+    FROM pg_stat_progress_repack;
+
 CREATE VIEW pg_stat_progress_create_index AS
     SELECT
         S.pid AS pid, S.datid AS datid, D.datname AS datname,
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/cluster.c b/src/backend/commands/cluster.c
index 60a4617a585..d70636a6a63 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/cluster.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/cluster.c
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  *
  * cluster.c
- *	  CLUSTER a table on an index.  This is now also used for VACUUM FULL.
+ *	  CLUSTER a table on an index.  This is now also used for VACUUM FULL a=
nd
+ *	  REPACK.
  *
  * There is hardly anything left of Paul Brown's original implementation...
  *
@@ -67,27 +68,35 @@ typedef struct
 	Oid			indexOid;
 } RelToCluster;
=20
-
-static void cluster_multiple_rels(List *rtcs, ClusterParams *params);
+static bool cluster_rel_recheck(RepackCommand cmd, Relation OldHeap,
+								Oid indexOid, Oid userid, int options);
 static void rebuild_relation(Relation OldHeap, Relation index, bool verbos=
e);
 static void copy_table_data(Relation NewHeap, Relation OldHeap, Relation O=
ldIndex,
 							bool verbose, bool *pSwapToastByContent,
 							TransactionId *pFreezeXid, MultiXactId *pCutoffMulti);
-static List *get_tables_to_cluster(MemoryContext cluster_context);
-static List *get_tables_to_cluster_partitioned(MemoryContext cluster_conte=
xt,
-											   Oid indexOid);
-static bool cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(Oid relid, Oid userid);
+static List *get_tables_to_repack(RepackCommand cmd, bool usingindex,
+								  MemoryContext permcxt);
+static List *get_tables_to_repack_partitioned(RepackCommand cmd,
+											  Oid relid, bool rel_is_index,
+											  MemoryContext permcxt);
+static bool cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(RepackCommand cmd,
+											  Oid relid, Oid userid);
+static Relation process_single_relation(RepackStmt *stmt,
+										ClusterParams *params);
+static Oid	determine_clustered_index(Relation rel, bool usingindex,
+									  const char *indexname);
+static const char *RepackCommandAsString(RepackCommand cmd);
=20
=20
-/*------------------------------------------------------------------------=
---
- * This cluster code allows for clustering multiple tables at once. Because
+/*
+ * The repack code allows for processing multiple tables at once. Because
  * of this, we cannot just run everything on a single transaction, or we
  * would be forced to acquire exclusive locks on all the tables being
  * clustered, simultaneously --- very likely leading to deadlock.
  *
- * To solve this we follow a similar strategy to VACUUM code,
- * clustering each relation in a separate transaction. For this to work,
- * we need to:
+ * To solve this we follow a similar strategy to VACUUM code, processing e=
ach
+ * relation in a separate transaction. For this to work, we need to:
+ *
  *	- provide a separate memory context so that we can pass information in
  *	  a way that survives across transactions
  *	- start a new transaction every time a new relation is clustered
@@ -98,197 +107,166 @@ static bool cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(Oid re=
lid, Oid userid);
  *
  * The single-relation case does not have any such overhead.
  *
- * We also allow a relation to be specified without index.  In that case,
- * the indisclustered bit will be looked up, and an ERROR will be thrown
- * if there is no index with the bit set.
- *------------------------------------------------------------------------=
---
+ * We also allow a relation to be repacked following an index, but without
+ * naming a specific one.  In that case, the indisclustered bit will be
+ * looked up, and an ERROR will be thrown if no so-marked index is found.
  */
 void
-cluster(ParseState *pstate, ClusterStmt *stmt, bool isTopLevel)
+ExecRepack(ParseState *pstate, RepackStmt *stmt, bool isTopLevel)
 {
-	ListCell   *lc;
 	ClusterParams params =3D {0};
-	bool		verbose =3D false;
 	Relation	rel =3D NULL;
-	Oid			indexOid =3D InvalidOid;
-	MemoryContext cluster_context;
+	MemoryContext repack_context;
 	List	   *rtcs;
=20
 	/* Parse option list */
-	foreach(lc, stmt->params)
+	foreach_node(DefElem, opt, stmt->params)
 	{
-		DefElem    *opt =3D (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
-
 		if (strcmp(opt->defname, "verbose") =3D=3D 0)
-			verbose =3D defGetBoolean(opt);
+			params.options |=3D defGetBoolean(opt) ? CLUOPT_VERBOSE : 0;
+		else if (strcmp(opt->defname, "analyze") =3D=3D 0 ||
+				 strcmp(opt->defname, "analyse") =3D=3D 0)
+			params.options |=3D defGetBoolean(opt) ? CLUOPT_ANALYZE : 0;
 		else
 			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
-					 errmsg("unrecognized %s option \"%s\"",
-							"CLUSTER", opt->defname),
-					 parser_errposition(pstate, opt->location)));
+					errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
+					errmsg("unrecognized %s option \"%s\"",
+						   RepackCommandAsString(stmt->command),
+						   opt->defname),
+					parser_errposition(pstate, opt->location));
 	}
=20
-	params.options =3D (verbose ? CLUOPT_VERBOSE : 0);
-
+	/*
+	 * If a single relation is specified, process it and we're done ... unless
+	 * the relation is a partitioned table, in which case we fall through.
+	 */
 	if (stmt->relation !=3D NULL)
 	{
-		/* This is the single-relation case. */
-		Oid			tableOid;
-
-		/*
-		 * Find, lock, and check permissions on the table.  We obtain
-		 * AccessExclusiveLock right away to avoid lock-upgrade hazard in the
-		 * single-transaction case.
-		 */
-		tableOid =3D RangeVarGetRelidExtended(stmt->relation,
-											AccessExclusiveLock,
-											0,
-											RangeVarCallbackMaintainsTable,
-											NULL);
-		rel =3D table_open(tableOid, NoLock);
-
-		/*
-		 * Reject clustering a remote temp table ... their local buffer
-		 * manager is not going to cope.
-		 */
-		if (RELATION_IS_OTHER_TEMP(rel))
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
-					 errmsg("cannot cluster temporary tables of other sessions")));
-
-		if (stmt->indexname =3D=3D NULL)
-		{
-			ListCell   *index;
-
-			/* We need to find the index that has indisclustered set. */
-			foreach(index, RelationGetIndexList(rel))
-			{
-				indexOid =3D lfirst_oid(index);
-				if (get_index_isclustered(indexOid))
-					break;
-				indexOid =3D InvalidOid;
-			}
-
-			if (!OidIsValid(indexOid))
-				ereport(ERROR,
-						(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
-						 errmsg("there is no previously clustered index for table \"%s\"",
-								stmt->relation->relname)));
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * The index is expected to be in the same namespace as the
-			 * relation.
-			 */
-			indexOid =3D get_relname_relid(stmt->indexname,
-										 rel->rd_rel->relnamespace);
-			if (!OidIsValid(indexOid))
-				ereport(ERROR,
-						(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
-						 errmsg("index \"%s\" for table \"%s\" does not exist",
-								stmt->indexname, stmt->relation->relname)));
-		}
-
-		/* For non-partitioned tables, do what we came here to do. */
-		if (rel->rd_rel->relkind !=3D RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE)
-		{
-			cluster_rel(rel, indexOid, &params);
-			/* cluster_rel closes the relation, but keeps lock */
-
-			return;
-		}
+		rel =3D process_single_relation(stmt, &params);
+		if (rel =3D=3D NULL)
+			return;				/* all done */
 	}
=20
+	/*
+	 * Don't allow ANALYZE in the multiple-relation case for now.  Maybe we
+	 * can add support for this later.
+	 */
+	if (params.options & CLUOPT_ANALYZE)
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				errmsg("cannot %s multiple tables", "REPACK (ANALYZE)"));
+
 	/*
 	 * By here, we know we are in a multi-table situation.  In order to avoid
 	 * holding locks for too long, we want to process each table in its own
 	 * transaction.  This forces us to disallow running inside a user
 	 * transaction block.
 	 */
-	PreventInTransactionBlock(isTopLevel, "CLUSTER");
+	PreventInTransactionBlock(isTopLevel, RepackCommandAsString(stmt->command=
));
=20
 	/* Also, we need a memory context to hold our list of relations */
-	cluster_context =3D AllocSetContextCreate(PortalContext,
-											"Cluster",
-											ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
+	repack_context =3D AllocSetContextCreate(PortalContext,
+										   "Repack",
+										   ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
+
+	params.options |=3D CLUOPT_RECHECK;
=20
 	/*
-	 * Either we're processing a partitioned table, or we were not given any
-	 * table name at all.  In either case, obtain a list of relations to
-	 * process.
-	 *
-	 * In the former case, an index name must have been given, so we don't
-	 * need to recheck its "indisclustered" bit, but we have to check that it
-	 * is an index that we can cluster on.  In the latter case, we set the
-	 * option bit to have indisclustered verified.
-	 *
-	 * Rechecking the relation itself is necessary here in all cases.
+	 * If we don't have a relation yet, determine a relation list.  If we do,
+	 * then it must be a partitioned table, and we want to process its
+	 * partitions.
 	 */
-	params.options |=3D CLUOPT_RECHECK;
-	if (rel !=3D NULL)
+	if (rel =3D=3D NULL)
 	{
-		Assert(rel->rd_rel->relkind =3D=3D RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE);
-		check_index_is_clusterable(rel, indexOid, AccessShareLock);
-		rtcs =3D get_tables_to_cluster_partitioned(cluster_context, indexOid);
-
-		/* close relation, releasing lock on parent table */
-		table_close(rel, AccessExclusiveLock);
+		Assert(stmt->indexname =3D=3D NULL);
+		rtcs =3D get_tables_to_repack(stmt->command, stmt->usingindex,
+									repack_context);
+		params.options |=3D CLUOPT_RECHECK_ISCLUSTERED;
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		rtcs =3D get_tables_to_cluster(cluster_context);
-		params.options |=3D CLUOPT_RECHECK_ISCLUSTERED;
-	}
+		Oid			relid;
+		bool		rel_is_index;
=20
-	/* Do the job. */
-	cluster_multiple_rels(rtcs, &params);
+		Assert(rel->rd_rel->relkind =3D=3D RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE);
=20
-	/* Start a new transaction for the cleanup work. */
-	StartTransactionCommand();
+		/*
+		 * If USING INDEX was specified, resolve the index name now and pass
+		 * it down.
+		 */
+		if (stmt->usingindex)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * If no index name was specified when repacking a partitioned
+			 * table, punt for now.  Maybe we can improve this later.
+			 */
+			if (!stmt->indexname)
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_NOT_IN_PREREQUISITE_STATE),
+						errmsg("there is no previously clustered index for table \"%s\"",
+							   RelationGetRelationName(rel)));
+
+			relid =3D determine_clustered_index(rel, stmt->usingindex,
+											  stmt->indexname);
+			if (!OidIsValid(relid))
+				elog(ERROR, "unable to determine index to cluster on");
+			/* XXX is this the right place for this check? */
+			check_index_is_clusterable(rel, relid, AccessExclusiveLock);
+			rel_is_index =3D true;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			relid =3D RelationGetRelid(rel);
+			rel_is_index =3D false;
+		}
=20
-	/* Clean up working storage */
-	MemoryContextDelete(cluster_context);
-}
+		rtcs =3D get_tables_to_repack_partitioned(stmt->command,
+												relid, rel_is_index,
+												repack_context);
=20
-/*
- * Given a list of relations to cluster, process each of them in a separate
- * transaction.
- *
- * We expect to be in a transaction at start, but there isn't one when we
- * return.
- */
-static void
-cluster_multiple_rels(List *rtcs, ClusterParams *params)
-{
-	ListCell   *lc;
+		/* close parent relation, releasing lock on it */
+		table_close(rel, AccessExclusiveLock);
+		rel =3D NULL;
+	}
=20
 	/* Commit to get out of starting transaction */
 	PopActiveSnapshot();
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
=20
 	/* Cluster the tables, each in a separate transaction */
-	foreach(lc, rtcs)
+	Assert(rel =3D=3D NULL);
+	foreach_ptr(RelToCluster, rtc, rtcs)
 	{
-		RelToCluster *rtc =3D (RelToCluster *) lfirst(lc);
-		Relation	rel;
-
 		/* Start a new transaction for each relation. */
 		StartTransactionCommand();
=20
+		/*
+		 * Open the target table, coping with the case where it has been
+		 * dropped.
+		 */
+		rel =3D try_table_open(rtc->tableOid, AccessExclusiveLock);
+		if (rel =3D=3D NULL)
+		{
+			CommitTransactionCommand();
+			continue;
+		}
+
 		/* functions in indexes may want a snapshot set */
 		PushActiveSnapshot(GetTransactionSnapshot());
=20
-		rel =3D table_open(rtc->tableOid, AccessExclusiveLock);
-
 		/* Process this table */
-		cluster_rel(rel, rtc->indexOid, params);
+		cluster_rel(stmt->command, rel, rtc->indexOid, &params);
 		/* cluster_rel closes the relation, but keeps lock */
=20
 		PopActiveSnapshot();
 		CommitTransactionCommand();
 	}
+
+	/* Start a new transaction for the cleanup work. */
+	StartTransactionCommand();
+
+	/* Clean up working storage */
+	MemoryContextDelete(repack_context);
 }
=20
 /*
@@ -304,11 +282,14 @@ cluster_multiple_rels(List *rtcs, ClusterParams *para=
ms)
  * them incrementally while we load the table.
  *
  * If indexOid is InvalidOid, the table will be rewritten in physical order
- * instead of index order.  This is the new implementation of VACUUM FULL,
- * and error messages should refer to the operation as VACUUM not CLUSTER.
+ * instead of index order.
+ *
+ * 'cmd' indicates which command is being executed, to be used for error
+ * messages.
  */
 void
-cluster_rel(Relation OldHeap, Oid indexOid, ClusterParams *params)
+cluster_rel(RepackCommand cmd, Relation OldHeap, Oid indexOid,
+			ClusterParams *params)
 {
 	Oid			tableOid =3D RelationGetRelid(OldHeap);
 	Oid			save_userid;
@@ -323,13 +304,8 @@ cluster_rel(Relation OldHeap, Oid indexOid, ClusterPar=
ams *params)
 	/* Check for user-requested abort. */
 	CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
=20
-	pgstat_progress_start_command(PROGRESS_COMMAND_CLUSTER, tableOid);
-	if (OidIsValid(indexOid))
-		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_COMMAND,
-									 PROGRESS_CLUSTER_COMMAND_CLUSTER);
-	else
-		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_COMMAND,
-									 PROGRESS_CLUSTER_COMMAND_VACUUM_FULL);
+	pgstat_progress_start_command(PROGRESS_COMMAND_REPACK, tableOid);
+	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_COMMAND, cmd);
=20
 	/*
 	 * Switch to the table owner's userid, so that any index functions are run
@@ -350,86 +326,38 @@ cluster_rel(Relation OldHeap, Oid indexOid, ClusterPa=
rams *params)
 	 * *must* skip the one on indisclustered since it would reject an attempt
 	 * to cluster a not-previously-clustered index.
 	 */
-	if (recheck)
-	{
-		/* Check that the user still has privileges for the relation */
-		if (!cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(tableOid, save_userid))
-		{
-			relation_close(OldHeap, AccessExclusiveLock);
-			goto out;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Silently skip a temp table for a remote session.  Only doing this
-		 * check in the "recheck" case is appropriate (which currently means
-		 * somebody is executing a database-wide CLUSTER or on a partitioned
-		 * table), because there is another check in cluster() which will stop
-		 * any attempt to cluster remote temp tables by name.  There is
-		 * another check in cluster_rel which is redundant, but we leave it
-		 * for extra safety.
-		 */
-		if (RELATION_IS_OTHER_TEMP(OldHeap))
-		{
-			relation_close(OldHeap, AccessExclusiveLock);
-			goto out;
-		}
-
-		if (OidIsValid(indexOid))
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Check that the index still exists
-			 */
-			if (!SearchSysCacheExists1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(indexOid)))
-			{
-				relation_close(OldHeap, AccessExclusiveLock);
-				goto out;
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * Check that the index is still the one with indisclustered set,
-			 * if needed.
-			 */
-			if ((params->options & CLUOPT_RECHECK_ISCLUSTERED) !=3D 0 &&
-				!get_index_isclustered(indexOid))
-			{
-				relation_close(OldHeap, AccessExclusiveLock);
-				goto out;
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	if (recheck &&
+		!cluster_rel_recheck(cmd, OldHeap, indexOid, save_userid,
+							 params->options))
+		goto out;
=20
 	/*
-	 * We allow VACUUM FULL, but not CLUSTER, on shared catalogs.  CLUSTER
-	 * would work in most respects, but the index would only get marked as
-	 * indisclustered in the current database, leading to unexpected behavior
-	 * if CLUSTER were later invoked in another database.
+	 * We allow repacking shared catalogs only when not using an index. It
+	 * would work to use an index in most respects, but the index would only
+	 * get marked as indisclustered in the current database, leading to
+	 * unexpected behavior if CLUSTER were later invoked in another database.
 	 */
 	if (OidIsValid(indexOid) && OldHeap->rd_rel->relisshared)
 		ereport(ERROR,
-				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
-				 errmsg("cannot cluster a shared catalog")));
+				errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				errmsg("cannot run %s on a shared catalog",
+					   RepackCommandAsString(cmd)));
=20
 	/*
 	 * Don't process temp tables of other backends ... their local buffer
 	 * manager is not going to cope.
 	 */
 	if (RELATION_IS_OTHER_TEMP(OldHeap))
-	{
-		if (OidIsValid(indexOid))
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
-					 errmsg("cannot cluster temporary tables of other sessions")));
-		else
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
-					 errmsg("cannot vacuum temporary tables of other sessions")));
-	}
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				errmsg("cannot run %s on temporary tables of other sessions",
+					   RepackCommandAsString(cmd)));
=20
 	/*
 	 * Also check for active uses of the relation in the current transaction,
 	 * including open scans and pending AFTER trigger events.
 	 */
-	CheckTableNotInUse(OldHeap, OidIsValid(indexOid) ? "CLUSTER" : "VACUUM");
+	CheckTableNotInUse(OldHeap, RepackCommandAsString(cmd));
=20
 	/* Check heap and index are valid to cluster on */
 	if (OidIsValid(indexOid))
@@ -442,6 +370,24 @@ cluster_rel(Relation OldHeap, Oid indexOid, ClusterPar=
ams *params)
 	else
 		index =3D NULL;
=20
+	/*
+	 * When allow_system_table_mods is turned off, we disallow repacking a
+	 * catalog on a particular index unless that's already the clustered index
+	 * for that catalog.
+	 *
+	 * XXX We don't check for this in CLUSTER, because it's historically been
+	 * allowed.
+	 */
+	if (cmd !=3D REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER &&
+		!allowSystemTableMods && OidIsValid(indexOid) &&
+		IsCatalogRelation(OldHeap) && !index->rd_index->indisclustered)
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
+				errmsg("permission denied: \"%s\" is a system catalog",
+					   RelationGetRelationName(OldHeap)),
+				errdetail("System catalogs can only be clustered by the index they're =
already clustered on, if any, unless \"%s\" is enabled.",
+						  "allow_system_table_mods"));
+
 	/*
 	 * Quietly ignore the request if this is a materialized view which has not
 	 * been populated from its query. No harm is done because there is no data
@@ -482,6 +428,63 @@ out:
 	pgstat_progress_end_command();
 }
=20
+/*
+ * Check if the table (and its index) still meets the requirements of
+ * cluster_rel().
+ */
+static bool
+cluster_rel_recheck(RepackCommand cmd, Relation OldHeap, Oid indexOid,
+					Oid userid, int options)
+{
+	Oid			tableOid =3D RelationGetRelid(OldHeap);
+
+	/* Check that the user still has privileges for the relation */
+	if (!cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(cmd, tableOid, userid))
+	{
+		relation_close(OldHeap, AccessExclusiveLock);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Silently skip a temp table for a remote session.  Only doing this check
+	 * in the "recheck" case is appropriate (which currently means somebody is
+	 * executing a database-wide CLUSTER or on a partitioned table), because
+	 * there is another check in cluster() which will stop any attempt to
+	 * cluster remote temp tables by name.  There is another check in
+	 * cluster_rel which is redundant, but we leave it for extra safety.
+	 */
+	if (RELATION_IS_OTHER_TEMP(OldHeap))
+	{
+		relation_close(OldHeap, AccessExclusiveLock);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (OidIsValid(indexOid))
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Check that the index still exists
+		 */
+		if (!SearchSysCacheExists1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(indexOid)))
+		{
+			relation_close(OldHeap, AccessExclusiveLock);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Check that the index is still the one with indisclustered set, if
+		 * needed.
+		 */
+		if ((options & CLUOPT_RECHECK_ISCLUSTERED) !=3D 0 &&
+			!get_index_isclustered(indexOid))
+		{
+			relation_close(OldHeap, AccessExclusiveLock);
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 /*
  * Verify that the specified heap and index are valid to cluster on
  *
@@ -642,8 +645,8 @@ rebuild_relation(Relation OldHeap, Relation index, bool=
 verbose)
 	Assert(CheckRelationLockedByMe(OldHeap, AccessExclusiveLock, false) &&
 		   (index =3D=3D NULL || CheckRelationLockedByMe(index, AccessExclusiveL=
ock, false)));
=20
-	if (index)
-		/* Mark the correct index as clustered */
+	/* for CLUSTER or REPACK USING INDEX, mark the index as the one to use */
+	if (index !=3D NULL)
 		mark_index_clustered(OldHeap, RelationGetRelid(index), true);
=20
 	/* Remember info about rel before closing OldHeap */
@@ -958,20 +961,20 @@ copy_table_data(Relation NewHeap, Relation OldHeap, R=
elation OldIndex, bool verb
 	/* Log what we're doing */
 	if (OldIndex !=3D NULL && !use_sort)
 		ereport(elevel,
-				(errmsg("clustering \"%s.%s\" using index scan on \"%s\"",
-						nspname,
-						RelationGetRelationName(OldHeap),
-						RelationGetRelationName(OldIndex))));
+				errmsg("repacking \"%s.%s\" using index scan on \"%s\"",
+					   nspname,
+					   RelationGetRelationName(OldHeap),
+					   RelationGetRelationName(OldIndex)));
 	else if (use_sort)
 		ereport(elevel,
-				(errmsg("clustering \"%s.%s\" using sequential scan and sort",
-						nspname,
-						RelationGetRelationName(OldHeap))));
+				errmsg("repacking \"%s.%s\" using sequential scan and sort",
+					   nspname,
+					   RelationGetRelationName(OldHeap)));
 	else
 		ereport(elevel,
-				(errmsg("vacuuming \"%s.%s\"",
-						nspname,
-						RelationGetRelationName(OldHeap))));
+				errmsg("repacking \"%s.%s\" in physical order",
+					   nspname,
+					   RelationGetRelationName(OldHeap)));
=20
 	/*
 	 * Hand off the actual copying to AM specific function, the generic code
@@ -1458,8 +1461,8 @@ finish_heap_swap(Oid OIDOldHeap, Oid OIDNewHeap,
 	int			i;
=20
 	/* Report that we are now swapping relation files */
-	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE,
-								 PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_SWAP_REL_FILES);
+	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE,
+								 PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_SWAP_REL_FILES);
=20
 	/* Zero out possible results from swapped_relation_files */
 	memset(mapped_tables, 0, sizeof(mapped_tables));
@@ -1509,14 +1512,14 @@ finish_heap_swap(Oid OIDOldHeap, Oid OIDNewHeap,
 		reindex_flags |=3D REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_PERMANENT;
=20
 	/* Report that we are now reindexing relations */
-	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE,
-								 PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_REBUILD_INDEX);
+	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE,
+								 PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_REBUILD_INDEX);
=20
 	reindex_relation(NULL, OIDOldHeap, reindex_flags, &reindex_params);
=20
 	/* Report that we are now doing clean up */
-	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE,
-								 PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_FINAL_CLEANUP);
+	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE,
+								 PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_FINAL_CLEANUP);
=20
 	/*
 	 * If the relation being rebuilt is pg_class, swap_relation_files()
@@ -1632,106 +1635,191 @@ finish_heap_swap(Oid OIDOldHeap, Oid OIDNewHeap,
 	}
 }
=20
-
 /*
- * Get a list of tables that the current user has privileges on and
- * have indisclustered set.  Return the list in a List * of RelToCluster
- * (stored in the specified memory context), each one giving the tableOid
- * and the indexOid on which the table is already clustered.
+ * Determine which relations to process, when REPACK/CLUSTER is called
+ * without specifying a table name.  The exact process depends on whether
+ * USING INDEX was given or not, and in any case we only return tables and
+ * materialized views that the current user has privileges to repack/clust=
er.
+ *
+ * If USING INDEX was given, we scan pg_index to find those that have
+ * indisclustered set; if it was not given, scan pg_class and return all
+ * tables.
+ *
+ * Return it as a list of RelToCluster in the given memory context.
  */
 static List *
-get_tables_to_cluster(MemoryContext cluster_context)
+get_tables_to_repack(RepackCommand cmd, bool usingindex, MemoryContext per=
mcxt)
 {
-	Relation	indRelation;
+	Relation	catalog;
 	TableScanDesc scan;
-	ScanKeyData entry;
-	HeapTuple	indexTuple;
-	Form_pg_index index;
-	MemoryContext old_context;
+	HeapTuple	tuple;
 	List	   *rtcs =3D NIL;
=20
-	/*
-	 * Get all indexes that have indisclustered set and that the current user
-	 * has the appropriate privileges for.
-	 */
-	indRelation =3D table_open(IndexRelationId, AccessShareLock);
-	ScanKeyInit(&entry,
-				Anum_pg_index_indisclustered,
-				BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_BOOLEQ,
-				BoolGetDatum(true));
-	scan =3D table_beginscan_catalog(indRelation, 1, &entry);
-	while ((indexTuple =3D heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) !=3D NUL=
L)
+	if (usingindex)
 	{
-		RelToCluster *rtc;
+		ScanKeyData entry;
+
+		catalog =3D table_open(IndexRelationId, AccessShareLock);
+		ScanKeyInit(&entry,
+					Anum_pg_index_indisclustered,
+					BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_BOOLEQ,
+					BoolGetDatum(true));
+		scan =3D table_beginscan_catalog(catalog, 1, &entry);
+		while ((tuple =3D heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) !=3D NULL)
+		{
+			RelToCluster *rtc;
+			Form_pg_index index;
+			MemoryContext oldcxt;
=20
-		index =3D (Form_pg_index) GETSTRUCT(indexTuple);
+			index =3D (Form_pg_index) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
=20
-		if (!cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(index->indrelid, GetUserId()))
-			continue;
+			/*
+			 * Try to obtain a light lock on the index's table, to ensure it
+			 * doesn't go away while we collect the list.  If we cannot, just
+			 * disregard it.
+			 */
+			if (!ConditionalLockRelationOid(index->indrelid, AccessShareLock))
+				continue;
=20
-		/* Use a permanent memory context for the result list */
-		old_context =3D MemoryContextSwitchTo(cluster_context);
+			/* Verify that the table still exists */
+			if (!SearchSysCacheExists1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(index->indrelid)))
+			{
+				/* Release useless lock */
+				UnlockRelationOid(index->indrelid, AccessShareLock);
+				continue;
+			}
=20
-		rtc =3D palloc_object(RelToCluster);
-		rtc->tableOid =3D index->indrelid;
-		rtc->indexOid =3D index->indexrelid;
-		rtcs =3D lappend(rtcs, rtc);
+			if (!cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(cmd, index->indrelid,
+												   GetUserId()))
+				continue;
+
+			/* Use a permanent memory context for the result list */
+			oldcxt =3D MemoryContextSwitchTo(permcxt);
+			rtc =3D palloc_object(RelToCluster);
+			rtc->tableOid =3D index->indrelid;
+			rtc->indexOid =3D index->indexrelid;
+			rtcs =3D lappend(rtcs, rtc);
+			MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcxt);
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		catalog =3D table_open(RelationRelationId, AccessShareLock);
+		scan =3D table_beginscan_catalog(catalog, 0, NULL);
+
+		while ((tuple =3D heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) !=3D NULL)
+		{
+			RelToCluster *rtc;
+			Form_pg_class class;
+			MemoryContext oldcxt;
+
+			class =3D (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
+
+			/*
+			 * Try to obtain a light lock on the table, to ensure it doesn't
+			 * go away while we collect the list.  If we cannot, just
+			 * disregard the table.
+			 */
+			if (!ConditionalLockRelationOid(class->oid, AccessShareLock))
+				continue;
=20
-		MemoryContextSwitchTo(old_context);
+			/* Verify that the table still exists */
+			if (!SearchSysCacheExists1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(class->oid)))
+			{
+				/* Release useless lock */
+				UnlockRelationOid(class->oid, AccessShareLock);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/* Can only process plain tables and matviews */
+			if (class->relkind !=3D RELKIND_RELATION &&
+				class->relkind !=3D RELKIND_MATVIEW)
+				continue;
+
+			/* noisily skip rels which the user can't process */
+			if (!cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(cmd, class->oid,
+												   GetUserId()))
+				continue;
+
+			/* Use a permanent memory context for the result list */
+			oldcxt =3D MemoryContextSwitchTo(permcxt);
+			rtc =3D palloc_object(RelToCluster);
+			rtc->tableOid =3D class->oid;
+			rtc->indexOid =3D InvalidOid;
+			rtcs =3D lappend(rtcs, rtc);
+			MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcxt);
+		}
 	}
-	table_endscan(scan);
=20
-	relation_close(indRelation, AccessShareLock);
+	table_endscan(scan);
+	relation_close(catalog, AccessShareLock);
=20
 	return rtcs;
 }
=20
 /*
- * Given an index on a partitioned table, return a list of RelToCluster for
+ * Given a partitioned table or its index, return a list of RelToCluster f=
or
  * all the children leaves tables/indexes.
  *
  * Like expand_vacuum_rel, but here caller must hold AccessExclusiveLock
  * on the table containing the index.
+ *
+ * 'rel_is_index' tells whether 'relid' is that of an index (true) or of t=
he
+ * owning relation.
  */
 static List *
-get_tables_to_cluster_partitioned(MemoryContext cluster_context, Oid index=
Oid)
+get_tables_to_repack_partitioned(RepackCommand cmd, Oid relid,
+								 bool rel_is_index, MemoryContext permcxt)
 {
 	List	   *inhoids;
-	ListCell   *lc;
 	List	   *rtcs =3D NIL;
-	MemoryContext old_context;
-
-	/* Do not lock the children until they're processed */
-	inhoids =3D find_all_inheritors(indexOid, NoLock, NULL);
=20
-	foreach(lc, inhoids)
+	/*
+	 * Do not lock the children until they're processed.  Note that we do hold
+	 * a lock on the parent partitioned table.
+	 */
+	inhoids =3D find_all_inheritors(relid, NoLock, NULL);
+	foreach_oid(child_oid, inhoids)
 	{
-		Oid			indexrelid =3D lfirst_oid(lc);
-		Oid			relid =3D IndexGetRelation(indexrelid, false);
+		Oid			table_oid,
+					index_oid;
 		RelToCluster *rtc;
+		MemoryContext oldcxt;
=20
-		/* consider only leaf indexes */
-		if (get_rel_relkind(indexrelid) !=3D RELKIND_INDEX)
-			continue;
+		if (rel_is_index)
+		{
+			/* consider only leaf indexes */
+			if (get_rel_relkind(child_oid) !=3D RELKIND_INDEX)
+				continue;
+
+			table_oid =3D IndexGetRelation(child_oid, false);
+			index_oid =3D child_oid;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			/* consider only leaf relations */
+			if (get_rel_relkind(child_oid) !=3D RELKIND_RELATION)
+				continue;
+
+			table_oid =3D child_oid;
+			index_oid =3D InvalidOid;
+		}
=20
 		/*
 		 * It's possible that the user does not have privileges to CLUSTER the
-		 * leaf partition despite having such privileges on the partitioned
-		 * table.  We skip any partitions which the user is not permitted to
-		 * CLUSTER.
+		 * leaf partition despite having them on the partitioned table.  Skip
+		 * if so.
 		 */
-		if (!cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(relid, GetUserId()))
+		if (!cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(cmd, table_oid, GetUserId()))
 			continue;
=20
 		/* Use a permanent memory context for the result list */
-		old_context =3D MemoryContextSwitchTo(cluster_context);
-
+		oldcxt =3D MemoryContextSwitchTo(permcxt);
 		rtc =3D palloc_object(RelToCluster);
-		rtc->tableOid =3D relid;
-		rtc->indexOid =3D indexrelid;
+		rtc->tableOid =3D table_oid;
+		rtc->indexOid =3D index_oid;
 		rtcs =3D lappend(rtcs, rtc);
-
-		MemoryContextSwitchTo(old_context);
+		MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcxt);
 	}
=20
 	return rtcs;
@@ -1742,13 +1830,167 @@ get_tables_to_cluster_partitioned(MemoryContext cl=
uster_context, Oid indexOid)
  * function emits a WARNING.
  */
 static bool
-cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(Oid relid, Oid userid)
+cluster_is_permitted_for_relation(RepackCommand cmd, Oid relid, Oid userid)
 {
+	Assert(cmd =3D=3D REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER || cmd =3D=3D REPACK_COMMAND_REP=
ACK);
+
 	if (pg_class_aclcheck(relid, userid, ACL_MAINTAIN) =3D=3D ACLCHECK_OK)
 		return true;
=20
 	ereport(WARNING,
-			(errmsg("permission denied to cluster \"%s\", skipping it",
-					get_rel_name(relid))));
+			errmsg("permission denied to execute %s on \"%s\", skipping it",
+				   RepackCommandAsString(cmd),
+				   get_rel_name(relid)));
+
 	return false;
 }
+
+
+/*
+ * Given a RepackStmt with an indicated relation name, resolve the relation
+ * name, obtain lock on it, then determine what to do based on the relation
+ * type: if it's table and not partitioned, repack it as indicated (using =
an
+ * existing clustered index, or following the given one), and return NULL.
+ *
+ * On the other hand, if the table is partitioned, do nothing further and
+ * instead return the opened and locked relcache entry, so that caller can
+ * process the partitions using the multiple-table handling code.  In this
+ * case, if an index name is given, it's up to the caller to resolve it.
+ */
+static Relation
+process_single_relation(RepackStmt *stmt, ClusterParams *params)
+{
+	Relation	rel;
+	Oid			tableOid;
+
+	Assert(stmt->relation !=3D NULL);
+	Assert(stmt->command =3D=3D REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER ||
+		   stmt->command =3D=3D REPACK_COMMAND_REPACK);
+
+	/*
+	 * Find, lock, and check permissions on the table.  We obtain
+	 * AccessExclusiveLock right away to avoid lock-upgrade hazard in the
+	 * single-transaction case.
+	 */
+	tableOid =3D RangeVarGetRelidExtended(stmt->relation->relation,
+										AccessExclusiveLock,
+										0,
+										RangeVarCallbackMaintainsTable,
+										NULL);
+	rel =3D table_open(tableOid, NoLock);
+
+	/*
+	 * Reject clustering a remote temp table ... their local buffer manager is
+	 * not going to cope.
+	 */
+	if (RELATION_IS_OTHER_TEMP(rel))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				errmsg("cannot execute %s on temporary tables of other sessions",
+					   RepackCommandAsString(stmt->command)));
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure ANALYZE is specified if a column list is present.
+	 */
+	if ((params->options & CLUOPT_ANALYZE) =3D=3D 0 && stmt->relation->va_col=
s !=3D NIL)
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				errmsg("ANALYZE option must be specified when a column list is provide=
d"));
+
+	/*
+	 * For partitioned tables, let caller handle this.  Otherwise, process it
+	 * here and we're done.
+	 */
+	if (rel->rd_rel->relkind =3D=3D RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE)
+		return rel;
+	else
+	{
+		Oid			indexOid;
+
+		indexOid =3D determine_clustered_index(rel, stmt->usingindex,
+											 stmt->indexname);
+		if (OidIsValid(indexOid))
+			check_index_is_clusterable(rel, indexOid, AccessExclusiveLock);
+		cluster_rel(stmt->command, rel, indexOid, params);
+
+		/* Do an analyze, if requested */
+		if (params->options & CLUOPT_ANALYZE)
+		{
+			VacuumParams vac_params =3D {0};
+
+			vac_params.options |=3D VACOPT_ANALYZE;
+			if (params->options & CLUOPT_VERBOSE)
+				vac_params.options |=3D VACOPT_VERBOSE;
+			analyze_rel(tableOid, NULL, vac_params,
+						stmt->relation->va_cols, true, NULL);
+		}
+
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given a relation and the usingindex/indexname options in a
+ * REPACK USING INDEX or CLUSTER command, return the OID of the
+ * index to use for clustering the table.
+ *
+ * Caller must hold lock on the relation so that the set of indexes
+ * doesn't change, and must call check_index_is_clusterable.
+ */
+static Oid
+determine_clustered_index(Relation rel, bool usingindex, const char *index=
name)
+{
+	Oid			indexOid;
+
+	if (indexname =3D=3D NULL && usingindex)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * If USING INDEX with no name is given, find a clustered index, or
+		 * error out if none.
+		 */
+		indexOid =3D InvalidOid;
+		foreach_oid(idxoid, RelationGetIndexList(rel))
+		{
+			if (get_index_isclustered(idxoid))
+			{
+				indexOid =3D idxoid;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!OidIsValid(indexOid))
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
+					errmsg("there is no previously clustered index for table \"%s\"",
+						   RelationGetRelationName(rel)));
+	}
+	else if (indexname !=3D NULL)
+	{
+		/* An index was specified; obtain its OID. */
+		indexOid =3D get_relname_relid(indexname, rel->rd_rel->relnamespace);
+		if (!OidIsValid(indexOid))
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
+					errmsg("index \"%s\" for table \"%s\" does not exist",
+						   indexname, RelationGetRelationName(rel)));
+	}
+	else
+		indexOid =3D InvalidOid;
+
+	return indexOid;
+}
+
+static const char *
+RepackCommandAsString(RepackCommand cmd)
+{
+	switch (cmd)
+	{
+		case REPACK_COMMAND_REPACK:
+			return "REPACK";
+		case REPACK_COMMAND_VACUUMFULL:
+			return "VACUUM";
+		case REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER:
+			return "CLUSTER";
+	}
+	return "???";				/* keep compiler quiet */
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
index 03932f45c8a..aea998260e1 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
@@ -351,7 +351,6 @@ ExecVacuum(ParseState *pstate, VacuumStmt *vacstmt, boo=
l isTopLevel)
 		}
 	}
=20
-
 	/*
 	 * Sanity check DISABLE_PAGE_SKIPPING option.
 	 */
@@ -2289,8 +2288,9 @@ vacuum_rel(Oid relid, RangeVar *relation, VacuumParam=
s params,
 			if ((params.options & VACOPT_VERBOSE) !=3D 0)
 				cluster_params.options |=3D CLUOPT_VERBOSE;
=20
-			/* VACUUM FULL is now a variant of CLUSTER; see cluster.c */
-			cluster_rel(rel, InvalidOid, &cluster_params);
+			/* VACUUM FULL is a variant of REPACK; see cluster.c */
+			cluster_rel(REPACK_COMMAND_VACUUMFULL, rel, InvalidOid,
+						&cluster_params);
 			/* cluster_rel closes the relation, but keeps lock */
=20
 			rel =3D NULL;
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y
index c567252acc4..86f043523ac 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y
+++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, Lis=
t *aliases, Node *query);
 		AlterCompositeTypeStmt AlterUserMappingStmt
 		AlterRoleStmt AlterRoleSetStmt AlterPolicyStmt AlterStatsStmt
 		AlterDefaultPrivilegesStmt DefACLAction
-		AnalyzeStmt CallStmt ClosePortalStmt ClusterStmt CommentStmt
+		AnalyzeStmt CallStmt ClosePortalStmt CommentStmt
 		ConstraintsSetStmt CopyStmt CreateAsStmt CreateCastStmt
 		CreateDomainStmt CreateExtensionStmt CreateGroupStmt CreateOpClassStmt
 		CreateOpFamilyStmt AlterOpFamilyStmt CreatePLangStmt
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, Lis=
t *aliases, Node *query);
 		GrantStmt GrantRoleStmt ImportForeignSchemaStmt IndexStmt InsertStmt
 		ListenStmt LoadStmt LockStmt MergeStmt NotifyStmt ExplainableStmt Prepar=
ableStmt
 		CreateFunctionStmt AlterFunctionStmt ReindexStmt RemoveAggrStmt
-		RemoveFuncStmt RemoveOperStmt RenameStmt ReturnStmt RevokeStmt RevokeRol=
eStmt
+		RemoveFuncStmt RemoveOperStmt RenameStmt RepackStmt ReturnStmt RevokeStm=
t RevokeRoleStmt
 		RuleActionStmt RuleActionStmtOrEmpty RuleStmt
 		SecLabelStmt SelectStmt TransactionStmt TransactionStmtLegacy TruncateSt=
mt
 		UnlistenStmt UpdateStmt VacuumStmt
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, Lis=
t *aliases, Node *query);
=20
 %type <str>			opt_single_name
 %type <list>		opt_qualified_name
-%type <boolean>		opt_concurrently
+%type <boolean>		opt_concurrently opt_usingindex
 %type <dbehavior>	opt_drop_behavior
 %type <list>		opt_utility_option_list
 %type <list>		opt_wait_with_clause
@@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, Lis=
t *aliases, Node *query);
 	QUOTE QUOTES
=20
 	RANGE READ REAL REASSIGN RECURSIVE REF_P REFERENCES REFERENCING
-	REFRESH REINDEX RELATIVE_P RELEASE RENAME REPEATABLE REPLACE REPLICA
+	REFRESH REINDEX RELATIVE_P RELEASE RENAME REPACK REPEATABLE REPLACE REPLI=
CA
 	RESET RESPECT_P RESTART RESTRICT RETURN RETURNING RETURNS REVOKE RIGHT RO=
LE ROLLBACK ROLLUP
 	ROUTINE ROUTINES ROW ROWS RULE
=20
@@ -1035,7 +1035,6 @@ stmt:
 			| CallStmt
 			| CheckPointStmt
 			| ClosePortalStmt
-			| ClusterStmt
 			| CommentStmt
 			| ConstraintsSetStmt
 			| CopyStmt
@@ -1109,6 +1108,7 @@ stmt:
 			| RemoveFuncStmt
 			| RemoveOperStmt
 			| RenameStmt
+			| RepackStmt
 			| RevokeStmt
 			| RevokeRoleStmt
 			| RuleStmt
@@ -1146,6 +1146,11 @@ opt_concurrently:
 			| /*EMPTY*/						{ $$ =3D false; }
 		;
=20
+opt_usingindex:
+			USING INDEX						{ $$ =3D true; }
+			| /* EMPTY */					{ $$ =3D false; }
+		;
+
 opt_drop_behavior:
 			CASCADE							{ $$ =3D DROP_CASCADE; }
 			| RESTRICT						{ $$ =3D DROP_RESTRICT; }
@@ -12036,38 +12041,82 @@ CreateConversionStmt:
 /*************************************************************************=
****
  *
  *		QUERY:
+ *				REPACK [ (options) ] [ <qualified_name> [ <name_list> ] [ USING INDE=
X <index_name> ] ]
+ *
+ *			obsolete variants:
  *				CLUSTER (options) [ <qualified_name> [ USING <index_name> ] ]
  *				CLUSTER [VERBOSE] [ <qualified_name> [ USING <index_name> ] ]
  *				CLUSTER [VERBOSE] <index_name> ON <qualified_name> (for pre-8.3)
  *
  *************************************************************************=
****/
=20
-ClusterStmt:
-			CLUSTER '(' utility_option_list ')' qualified_name cluster_index_specif=
ication
+RepackStmt:
+			REPACK opt_utility_option_list vacuum_relation USING INDEX name
 				{
-					ClusterStmt *n =3D makeNode(ClusterStmt);
+					RepackStmt *n =3D makeNode(RepackStmt);
=20
-					n->relation =3D $5;
+					n->command =3D REPACK_COMMAND_REPACK;
+					n->relation =3D (VacuumRelation *) $3;
 					n->indexname =3D $6;
+					n->usingindex =3D true;
+					n->params =3D $2;
+					$$ =3D (Node *) n;
+				}
+			| REPACK opt_utility_option_list vacuum_relation opt_usingindex
+				{
+					RepackStmt *n =3D makeNode(RepackStmt);
+
+					n->command =3D REPACK_COMMAND_REPACK;
+					n->relation =3D (VacuumRelation *) $3;
+					n->indexname =3D NULL;
+					n->usingindex =3D $4;
+					n->params =3D $2;
+					$$ =3D (Node *) n;
+				}
+			| REPACK opt_utility_option_list opt_usingindex
+				{
+					RepackStmt *n =3D makeNode(RepackStmt);
+
+					n->command =3D REPACK_COMMAND_REPACK;
+					n->relation =3D NULL;
+					n->indexname =3D NULL;
+					n->usingindex =3D $3;
+					n->params =3D $2;
+					$$ =3D (Node *) n;
+				}
+			| CLUSTER '(' utility_option_list ')' qualified_name cluster_index_spec=
ification
+				{
+					RepackStmt *n =3D makeNode(RepackStmt);
+
+					n->command =3D REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER;
+					n->relation =3D makeNode(VacuumRelation);
+					n->relation->relation =3D $5;
+					n->indexname =3D $6;
+					n->usingindex =3D true;
 					n->params =3D $3;
 					$$ =3D (Node *) n;
 				}
 			| CLUSTER opt_utility_option_list
 				{
-					ClusterStmt *n =3D makeNode(ClusterStmt);
+					RepackStmt *n =3D makeNode(RepackStmt);
=20
+					n->command =3D REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER;
 					n->relation =3D NULL;
 					n->indexname =3D NULL;
+					n->usingindex =3D true;
 					n->params =3D $2;
 					$$ =3D (Node *) n;
 				}
 			/* unparenthesized VERBOSE kept for pre-14 compatibility */
 			| CLUSTER opt_verbose qualified_name cluster_index_specification
 				{
-					ClusterStmt *n =3D makeNode(ClusterStmt);
+					RepackStmt *n =3D makeNode(RepackStmt);
=20
-					n->relation =3D $3;
+					n->command =3D REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER;
+					n->relation =3D makeNode(VacuumRelation);
+					n->relation->relation =3D $3;
 					n->indexname =3D $4;
+					n->usingindex =3D true;
 					if ($2)
 						n->params =3D list_make1(makeDefElem("verbose", NULL, @2));
 					$$ =3D (Node *) n;
@@ -12075,20 +12124,25 @@ ClusterStmt:
 			/* unparenthesized VERBOSE kept for pre-17 compatibility */
 			| CLUSTER VERBOSE
 				{
-					ClusterStmt *n =3D makeNode(ClusterStmt);
+					RepackStmt *n =3D makeNode(RepackStmt);
=20
+					n->command =3D REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER;
 					n->relation =3D NULL;
 					n->indexname =3D NULL;
+					n->usingindex =3D true;
 					n->params =3D list_make1(makeDefElem("verbose", NULL, @2));
 					$$ =3D (Node *) n;
 				}
 			/* kept for pre-8.3 compatibility */
 			| CLUSTER opt_verbose name ON qualified_name
 				{
-					ClusterStmt *n =3D makeNode(ClusterStmt);
+					RepackStmt *n =3D makeNode(RepackStmt);
=20
-					n->relation =3D $5;
+					n->command =3D REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER;
+					n->relation =3D makeNode(VacuumRelation);
+					n->relation->relation =3D $5;
 					n->indexname =3D $3;
+					n->usingindex =3D true;
 					if ($2)
 						n->params =3D list_make1(makeDefElem("verbose", NULL, @2));
 					$$ =3D (Node *) n;
@@ -18145,6 +18199,7 @@ unreserved_keyword:
 			| RELATIVE_P
 			| RELEASE
 			| RENAME
+			| REPACK
 			| REPEATABLE
 			| REPLACE
 			| REPLICA
@@ -18782,6 +18837,7 @@ bare_label_keyword:
 			| RELATIVE_P
 			| RELEASE
 			| RENAME
+			| REPACK
 			| REPEATABLE
 			| REPLACE
 			| REPLICA
diff --git a/src/backend/tcop/utility.c b/src/backend/tcop/utility.c
index bf707f2d57f..b0032ab5eee 100644
--- a/src/backend/tcop/utility.c
+++ b/src/backend/tcop/utility.c
@@ -279,9 +279,9 @@ ClassifyUtilityCommandAsReadOnly(Node *parsetree)
 				return COMMAND_OK_IN_RECOVERY | COMMAND_OK_IN_READ_ONLY_TXN;
 			}
=20
-		case T_ClusterStmt:
 		case T_ReindexStmt:
 		case T_VacuumStmt:
+		case T_RepackStmt:
 			{
 				/*
 				 * These commands write WAL, so they're not strictly
@@ -856,14 +856,14 @@ standard_ProcessUtility(PlannedStmt *pstmt,
 			ExecuteCallStmt(castNode(CallStmt, parsetree), params, isAtomicContext,=
 dest);
 			break;
=20
-		case T_ClusterStmt:
-			cluster(pstate, (ClusterStmt *) parsetree, isTopLevel);
-			break;
-
 		case T_VacuumStmt:
 			ExecVacuum(pstate, (VacuumStmt *) parsetree, isTopLevel);
 			break;
=20
+		case T_RepackStmt:
+			ExecRepack(pstate, (RepackStmt *) parsetree, isTopLevel);
+			break;
+
 		case T_ExplainStmt:
 			ExplainQuery(pstate, (ExplainStmt *) parsetree, params, dest);
 			break;
@@ -2865,10 +2865,6 @@ CreateCommandTag(Node *parsetree)
 			tag =3D CMDTAG_CALL;
 			break;
=20
-		case T_ClusterStmt:
-			tag =3D CMDTAG_CLUSTER;
-			break;
-
 		case T_VacuumStmt:
 			if (((VacuumStmt *) parsetree)->is_vacuumcmd)
 				tag =3D CMDTAG_VACUUM;
@@ -2876,6 +2872,13 @@ CreateCommandTag(Node *parsetree)
 				tag =3D CMDTAG_ANALYZE;
 			break;
=20
+		case T_RepackStmt:
+			if (((RepackStmt *) parsetree)->command =3D=3D REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER)
+				tag =3D CMDTAG_CLUSTER;
+			else
+				tag =3D CMDTAG_REPACK;
+			break;
+
 		case T_ExplainStmt:
 			tag =3D CMDTAG_EXPLAIN;
 			break;
@@ -3517,7 +3520,7 @@ GetCommandLogLevel(Node *parsetree)
 			lev =3D LOGSTMT_ALL;
 			break;
=20
-		case T_ClusterStmt:
+		case T_RepackStmt:
 			lev =3D LOGSTMT_DDL;
 			break;
=20
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg=
statfuncs.c
index b1df96e7b0b..15accbce2ba 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
@@ -287,8 +287,8 @@ pg_stat_get_progress_info(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		cmdtype =3D PROGRESS_COMMAND_VACUUM;
 	else if (pg_strcasecmp(cmd, "ANALYZE") =3D=3D 0)
 		cmdtype =3D PROGRESS_COMMAND_ANALYZE;
-	else if (pg_strcasecmp(cmd, "CLUSTER") =3D=3D 0)
-		cmdtype =3D PROGRESS_COMMAND_CLUSTER;
+	else if (pg_strcasecmp(cmd, "REPACK") =3D=3D 0)
+		cmdtype =3D PROGRESS_COMMAND_REPACK;
 	else if (pg_strcasecmp(cmd, "CREATE INDEX") =3D=3D 0)
 		cmdtype =3D PROGRESS_COMMAND_CREATE_INDEX;
 	else if (pg_strcasecmp(cmd, "BASEBACKUP") =3D=3D 0)
diff --git a/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c b/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c
index b2dba6d10ab..a4bcfbf9b97 100644
--- a/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c
+++ b/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c
@@ -1267,7 +1267,7 @@ static const char *const sql_commands[] =3D {
 	"DELETE FROM", "DISCARD", "DO", "DROP", "END", "EXECUTE", "EXPLAIN",
 	"FETCH", "GRANT", "IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA", "INSERT INTO", "LISTEN", "LOAD=
", "LOCK",
 	"MERGE INTO", "MOVE", "NOTIFY", "PREPARE",
-	"REASSIGN", "REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW", "REINDEX", "RELEASE",
+	"REASSIGN", "REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW", "REINDEX", "RELEASE", "REPACK",
 	"RESET", "REVOKE", "ROLLBACK",
 	"SAVEPOINT", "SECURITY LABEL", "SELECT", "SET", "SHOW", "START",
 	"TABLE", "TRUNCATE", "UNLISTEN", "UPDATE", "VACUUM", "VALUES",
@@ -5086,6 +5086,46 @@ match_previous_words(int pattern_id,
 			COMPLETE_WITH_QUERY(Query_for_list_of_tablespaces);
 	}
=20
+/* REPACK */
+	else if (Matches("REPACK"))
+		COMPLETE_WITH_SCHEMA_QUERY_PLUS(Query_for_list_of_clusterables,
+										"(", "USING INDEX");
+	else if (Matches("REPACK", "(*)"))
+		COMPLETE_WITH_SCHEMA_QUERY_PLUS(Query_for_list_of_clusterables,
+										"USING INDEX");
+	else if (Matches("REPACK", MatchAnyExcept("(")))
+		COMPLETE_WITH("USING INDEX");
+	else if (Matches("REPACK", "(*)", MatchAnyExcept("(")))
+		COMPLETE_WITH("USING INDEX");
+	else if (Matches("REPACK", MatchAny, "USING", "INDEX") ||
+			 Matches("REPACK", "(*)", MatchAny, "USING", "INDEX"))
+	{
+		set_completion_reference(prev3_wd);
+		COMPLETE_WITH_SCHEMA_QUERY(Query_for_index_of_table);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Complete ... [ (*) ] <sth> USING INDEX, with a list of indexes for
+	 * <sth>.
+	 */
+	else if (TailMatches(MatchAny, "USING", "INDEX"))
+	{
+		set_completion_reference(prev3_wd);
+		COMPLETE_WITH_SCHEMA_QUERY(Query_for_index_of_table);
+	}
+	else if (HeadMatches("REPACK", "(*") &&
+			 !HeadMatches("REPACK", "(*)"))
+	{
+		/*
+		 * This fires if we're in an unfinished parenthesized option list.
+		 * get_previous_words treats a completed parenthesized option list as
+		 * one word, so the above test is correct.
+		 */
+		if (ends_with(prev_wd, '(') || ends_with(prev_wd, ','))
+			COMPLETE_WITH("ANALYZE", "VERBOSE");
+		else if (TailMatches("ANALYZE", "VERBOSE"))
+			COMPLETE_WITH("ON", "OFF");
+	}
+
 /* SECURITY LABEL */
 	else if (Matches("SECURITY"))
 		COMPLETE_WITH("LABEL");
diff --git a/src/include/commands/cluster.h b/src/include/commands/cluster.h
index 8ea81622f9d..28741988478 100644
--- a/src/include/commands/cluster.h
+++ b/src/include/commands/cluster.h
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #define CLUOPT_RECHECK 0x02		/* recheck relation state */
 #define CLUOPT_RECHECK_ISCLUSTERED 0x04 /* recheck relation state for
 										 * indisclustered */
+#define CLUOPT_ANALYZE 0x08		/* do an ANALYZE */
=20
 /* options for CLUSTER */
 typedef struct ClusterParams
@@ -31,8 +32,11 @@ typedef struct ClusterParams
 	bits32		options;		/* bitmask of CLUOPT_* */
 } ClusterParams;
=20
-extern void cluster(ParseState *pstate, ClusterStmt *stmt, bool isTopLevel=
);
-extern void cluster_rel(Relation OldHeap, Oid indexOid, ClusterParams *par=
ams);
+
+extern void ExecRepack(ParseState *pstate, RepackStmt *stmt, bool isTopLev=
el);
+
+extern void cluster_rel(RepackCommand command, Relation OldHeap, Oid index=
Oid,
+						ClusterParams *params);
 extern void check_index_is_clusterable(Relation OldHeap, Oid indexOid,
 									   LOCKMODE lockmode);
 extern void mark_index_clustered(Relation rel, Oid indexOid, bool is_inter=
nal);
diff --git a/src/include/commands/progress.h b/src/include/commands/progres=
s.h
index 359221dc296..f00e39b937d 100644
--- a/src/include/commands/progress.h
+++ b/src/include/commands/progress.h
@@ -73,28 +73,34 @@
 #define PROGRESS_ANALYZE_STARTED_BY_MANUAL			1
 #define PROGRESS_ANALYZE_STARTED_BY_AUTOVACUUM		2
=20
-/* Progress parameters for cluster */
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_COMMAND				0
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE					1
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_INDEX_RELID			2
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_HEAP_TUPLES_SCANNED	3
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_HEAP_TUPLES_WRITTEN	4
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_TOTAL_HEAP_BLKS		5
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_HEAP_BLKS_SCANNED		6
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_INDEX_REBUILD_COUNT	7
-
-/* Phases of cluster (as advertised via PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE) */
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_SEQ_SCAN_HEAP	1
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_INDEX_SCAN_HEAP	2
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_SORT_TUPLES		3
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_WRITE_NEW_HEAP	4
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_SWAP_REL_FILES	5
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_REBUILD_INDEX	6
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_PHASE_FINAL_CLEANUP	7
-
-/* Commands of PROGRESS_CLUSTER */
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_COMMAND_CLUSTER		1
-#define PROGRESS_CLUSTER_COMMAND_VACUUM_FULL	2
+/*
+ * Progress parameters for REPACK.
+ *
+ * Values for PROGRESS_REPACK_COMMAND are defined as in RepackCommand.
+ *
+ * Note: Since REPACK shares code with CLUSTER, these values are also
+ * used by CLUSTER. (CLUSTER is now deprecated, so it makes little sense to
+ * introduce a separate set of constants.)
+ */
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_COMMAND					0
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE					1
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_INDEX_RELID				2
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_HEAP_TUPLES_SCANNED		3
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_HEAP_TUPLES_WRITTEN		4
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_TOTAL_HEAP_BLKS			5
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_HEAP_BLKS_SCANNED		6
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_INDEX_REBUILD_COUNT		7
+
+/*
+ * Phases of repack (as advertised via PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE).
+ */
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_SEQ_SCAN_HEAP		1
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_INDEX_SCAN_HEAP	2
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_SORT_TUPLES		3
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_WRITE_NEW_HEAP	4
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_SWAP_REL_FILES	5
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_REBUILD_INDEX		6
+#define PROGRESS_REPACK_PHASE_FINAL_CLEANUP		7
=20
 /* Progress parameters for CREATE INDEX */
 /* 3, 4 and 5 reserved for "waitfor" metrics */
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
index f37131835be..1537e9c7335 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
@@ -3982,18 +3982,6 @@ typedef struct AlterSystemStmt
 	VariableSetStmt *setstmt;	/* SET subcommand */
 } AlterSystemStmt;
=20
-/* ----------------------
- *		Cluster Statement (support pbrown's cluster index implementation)
- * ----------------------
- */
-typedef struct ClusterStmt
-{
-	NodeTag		type;
-	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation being indexed, or NULL if all */
-	char	   *indexname;		/* original index defined */
-	List	   *params;			/* list of DefElem nodes */
-} ClusterStmt;
-
 /* ----------------------
  *		Vacuum and Analyze Statements
  *
@@ -4006,7 +3994,7 @@ typedef struct VacuumStmt
 	NodeTag		type;
 	List	   *options;		/* list of DefElem nodes */
 	List	   *rels;			/* list of VacuumRelation, or NIL for all */
-	bool		is_vacuumcmd;	/* true for VACUUM, false for ANALYZE */
+	bool		is_vacuumcmd;	/* true for VACUUM, false otherwise */
 } VacuumStmt;
=20
 /*
@@ -4024,6 +4012,27 @@ typedef struct VacuumRelation
 	List	   *va_cols;		/* list of column names, or NIL for all */
 } VacuumRelation;
=20
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Repack Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef enum RepackCommand
+{
+	REPACK_COMMAND_CLUSTER =3D 1,
+	REPACK_COMMAND_REPACK,
+	REPACK_COMMAND_VACUUMFULL,
+} RepackCommand;
+
+typedef struct RepackStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RepackCommand command;		/* type of command being run */
+	VacuumRelation *relation;	/* relation being repacked */
+	char	   *indexname;		/* order tuples by this index */
+	bool		usingindex;		/* whether USING INDEX is specified */
+	List	   *params;			/* list of DefElem nodes */
+} RepackStmt;
+
 /* ----------------------
  *		Explain Statement
  *
diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h
index f7753c5c8a8..6f74a8c05c7 100644
--- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h
+++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h
@@ -377,6 +377,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("reindex", REINDEX, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE=
_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("relative", RELATIVE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("release", RELEASE, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("rename", RENAME, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
+PG_KEYWORD("repack", REPACK, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("repeatable", REPEATABLE, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("replace", REPLACE, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("replica", REPLICA, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
diff --git a/src/include/tcop/cmdtaglist.h b/src/include/tcop/cmdtaglist.h
index 1290c9bab68..652dc61b834 100644
--- a/src/include/tcop/cmdtaglist.h
+++ b/src/include/tcop/cmdtaglist.h
@@ -196,6 +196,7 @@ PG_CMDTAG(CMDTAG_REASSIGN_OWNED, "REASSIGN OWNED", fals=
e, false, false)
 PG_CMDTAG(CMDTAG_REFRESH_MATERIALIZED_VIEW, "REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW", t=
rue, false, false)
 PG_CMDTAG(CMDTAG_REINDEX, "REINDEX", true, false, false)
 PG_CMDTAG(CMDTAG_RELEASE, "RELEASE", false, false, false)
+PG_CMDTAG(CMDTAG_REPACK, "REPACK", false, false, false)
 PG_CMDTAG(CMDTAG_RESET, "RESET", false, false, false)
 PG_CMDTAG(CMDTAG_REVOKE, "REVOKE", true, false, false)
 PG_CMDTAG(CMDTAG_REVOKE_ROLE, "REVOKE ROLE", false, false, false)
diff --git a/src/include/utils/backend_progress.h b/src/include/utils/backe=
nd_progress.h
index 19f63b41431..6300dbd15d5 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/backend_progress.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/backend_progress.h
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ typedef enum ProgressCommandType
 	PROGRESS_COMMAND_INVALID,
 	PROGRESS_COMMAND_VACUUM,
 	PROGRESS_COMMAND_ANALYZE,
-	PROGRESS_COMMAND_CLUSTER,
 	PROGRESS_COMMAND_CREATE_INDEX,
 	PROGRESS_COMMAND_BASEBACKUP,
 	PROGRESS_COMMAND_COPY,
+	PROGRESS_COMMAND_REPACK,
 } ProgressCommandType;
=20
 #define PGSTAT_NUM_PROGRESS_PARAM	20
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/cluster.out b/src/test/regress/expec=
ted/cluster.out
index 4d40a6809ab..277854418fa 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/cluster.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/cluster.out
@@ -495,6 +495,43 @@ ALTER TABLE clstrpart SET WITHOUT CLUSTER;
 ERROR:  cannot mark index clustered in partitioned table
 ALTER TABLE clstrpart CLUSTER ON clstrpart_idx;
 ERROR:  cannot mark index clustered in partitioned table
+-- Check that REPACK sets new relfilenodes: it should process exactly the =
same
+-- tables as CLUSTER did.
+DROP TABLE old_cluster_info;
+DROP TABLE new_cluster_info;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE old_cluster_info AS SELECT relname, level, relfilenode, =
relkind FROM pg_partition_tree('clstrpart'::regclass) AS tree JOIN pg_class=
 c ON c.oid=3Dtree.relid ;
+REPACK clstrpart USING INDEX clstrpart_idx;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE new_cluster_info AS SELECT relname, level, relfilenode, =
relkind FROM pg_partition_tree('clstrpart'::regclass) AS tree JOIN pg_class=
 c ON c.oid=3Dtree.relid ;
+SELECT relname, old.level, old.relkind, old.relfilenode =3D new.relfilenod=
e FROM old_cluster_info AS old JOIN new_cluster_info AS new USING (relname)=
 ORDER BY relname COLLATE "C";
+   relname   | level | relkind | ?column?=20
+-------------+-------+---------+----------
+ clstrpart   |     0 | p       | t
+ clstrpart1  |     1 | p       | t
+ clstrpart11 |     2 | r       | f
+ clstrpart12 |     2 | p       | t
+ clstrpart2  |     1 | r       | f
+ clstrpart3  |     1 | p       | t
+ clstrpart33 |     2 | r       | f
+(7 rows)
+
+-- And finally the same for REPACK w/o index.
+DROP TABLE old_cluster_info;
+DROP TABLE new_cluster_info;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE old_cluster_info AS SELECT relname, level, relfilenode, =
relkind FROM pg_partition_tree('clstrpart'::regclass) AS tree JOIN pg_class=
 c ON c.oid=3Dtree.relid ;
+REPACK clstrpart;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE new_cluster_info AS SELECT relname, level, relfilenode, =
relkind FROM pg_partition_tree('clstrpart'::regclass) AS tree JOIN pg_class=
 c ON c.oid=3Dtree.relid ;
+SELECT relname, old.level, old.relkind, old.relfilenode =3D new.relfilenod=
e FROM old_cluster_info AS old JOIN new_cluster_info AS new USING (relname)=
 ORDER BY relname COLLATE "C";
+   relname   | level | relkind | ?column?=20
+-------------+-------+---------+----------
+ clstrpart   |     0 | p       | t
+ clstrpart1  |     1 | p       | t
+ clstrpart11 |     2 | r       | f
+ clstrpart12 |     2 | p       | t
+ clstrpart2  |     1 | r       | f
+ clstrpart3  |     1 | p       | t
+ clstrpart33 |     2 | r       | f
+(7 rows)
+
 DROP TABLE clstrpart;
 -- Ownership of partitions is checked
 CREATE TABLE ptnowner(i int unique) PARTITION BY LIST (i);
@@ -513,7 +550,7 @@ CREATE TEMP TABLE ptnowner_oldnodes AS
   JOIN pg_class AS c ON c.oid=3Dtree.relid;
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_ptnowner;
 CLUSTER ptnowner USING ptnowner_i_idx;
-WARNING:  permission denied to cluster "ptnowner2", skipping it
+WARNING:  permission denied to execute CLUSTER on "ptnowner2", skipping it
 RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
 SELECT a.relname, a.relfilenode=3Db.relfilenode FROM pg_class a
   JOIN ptnowner_oldnodes b USING (oid) ORDER BY a.relname COLLATE "C";
@@ -665,6 +702,101 @@ SELECT * FROM clstr_expression WHERE -a =3D -3 ORDER =
BY -a, b;
 (4 rows)
=20
 COMMIT;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+-- REPACK
+--
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- REPACK handles individual tables identically to CLUSTER, but it's worth
+-- checking if it handles table hierarchies identically as well.
+REPACK clstr_tst USING INDEX clstr_tst_c;
+-- Verify that inheritance link still works
+INSERT INTO clstr_tst_inh VALUES (0, 100, 'in child table 2');
+SELECT a,b,c,substring(d for 30), length(d) from clstr_tst;
+ a  |  b  |        c         |           substring            | length=20
+----+-----+------------------+--------------------------------+--------
+ 10 |  14 | catorce          |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 18 |   5 | cinco            |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  9 |   4 | cuatro           |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 26 |  19 | diecinueve       |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 12 |  18 | dieciocho        |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 30 |  16 | dieciseis        |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 24 |  17 | diecisiete       |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  2 |  10 | diez             |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 23 |  12 | doce             |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 11 |   2 | dos              |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 25 |   9 | nueve            |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 31 |   8 | ocho             |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  1 |  11 | once             |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 28 |  15 | quince           |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 32 |   6 | seis             | xyzzyxyzzyxyzzyxyzzyxyzzyxyzzy | 500000
+ 29 |   7 | siete            |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 15 |  13 | trece            |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 22 |  30 | treinta          |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 17 |  32 | treinta y dos    |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  3 |  31 | treinta y uno    |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  5 |   3 | tres             |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 20 |   1 | uno              |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  6 |  20 | veinte           |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 14 |  25 | veinticinco      |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 21 |  24 | veinticuatro     |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  4 |  22 | veintidos        |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 19 |  29 | veintinueve      |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 16 |  28 | veintiocho       |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 27 |  26 | veintiseis       |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+ 13 |  27 | veintisiete      |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  7 |  23 | veintitres       |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  8 |  21 | veintiuno        |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  0 | 100 | in child table   |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+  0 | 100 | in child table 2 |                                |=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20
+(34 rows)
+
+-- Verify that foreign key link still works
+INSERT INTO clstr_tst (b, c) VALUES (1111, 'this should fail');
+ERROR:  insert or update on table "clstr_tst" violates foreign key constra=
int "clstr_tst_con"
+DETAIL:  Key (b)=3D(1111) is not present in table "clstr_tst_s".
+SELECT conname FROM pg_constraint WHERE conrelid =3D 'clstr_tst'::regclass
+ORDER BY 1;
+       conname=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
+----------------------
+ clstr_tst_a_not_null
+ clstr_tst_con
+ clstr_tst_pkey
+(3 rows)
+
+-- Verify partial analyze works
+REPACK (ANALYZE) clstr_tst (a);
+REPACK (ANALYZE) clstr_tst;
+REPACK (VERBOSE) clstr_tst (a);
+ERROR:  ANALYZE option must be specified when a column list is provided
+-- REPACK w/o argument performs no ordering, so we can only check which ta=
bles
+-- have the relfilenode changed.
+RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE relnodes_old AS
+(SELECT relname, relfilenode
+FROM pg_class
+WHERE relname IN ('clstr_1', 'clstr_2', 'clstr_3'));
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_clstr_user;
+SET client_min_messages =3D ERROR;  -- order of "skipping" warnings may va=
ry
+REPACK;
+RESET client_min_messages;
+RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE relnodes_new AS
+(SELECT relname, relfilenode
+FROM pg_class
+WHERE relname IN ('clstr_1', 'clstr_2', 'clstr_3'));
+-- Do the actual comparison. Unlike CLUSTER, clstr_3 should have been
+-- processed because there is nothing like clustering index here.
+SELECT o.relname FROM relnodes_old o
+JOIN relnodes_new n ON o.relname =3D n.relname
+WHERE o.relfilenode <> n.relfilenode
+ORDER BY o.relname;
+ relname=20
+---------
+ clstr_1
+ clstr_3
+(2 rows)
+
 -- clean up
 DROP TABLE clustertest;
 DROP TABLE clstr_1;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/rules.out b/src/test/regress/expecte=
d/rules.out
index 78a37d9fc8f..6827166afac 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/rules.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/rules.out
@@ -2002,34 +2002,23 @@ pg_stat_progress_basebackup| SELECT pid,
             ELSE NULL::text
         END AS backup_type
    FROM pg_stat_get_progress_info('BASEBACKUP'::text) s(pid, datid, relid,=
 param1, param2, param3, param4, param5, param6, param7, param8, param9, pa=
ram10, param11, param12, param13, param14, param15, param16, param17, param=
18, param19, param20);
-pg_stat_progress_cluster| SELECT s.pid,
-    s.datid,
-    d.datname,
-    s.relid,
-        CASE s.param1
-            WHEN 1 THEN 'CLUSTER'::text
-            WHEN 2 THEN 'VACUUM FULL'::text
-            ELSE NULL::text
+pg_stat_progress_cluster| SELECT pid,
+    datid,
+    datname,
+    relid,
+        CASE
+            WHEN (command =3D ANY (ARRAY['CLUSTER'::text, 'VACUUM FULL'::t=
ext])) THEN command
+            WHEN (repack_index_relid =3D (0)::oid) THEN 'VACUUM FULL'::text
+            ELSE 'CLUSTER'::text
         END AS command,
-        CASE s.param2
-            WHEN 0 THEN 'initializing'::text
-            WHEN 1 THEN 'seq scanning heap'::text
-            WHEN 2 THEN 'index scanning heap'::text
-            WHEN 3 THEN 'sorting tuples'::text
-            WHEN 4 THEN 'writing new heap'::text
-            WHEN 5 THEN 'swapping relation files'::text
-            WHEN 6 THEN 'rebuilding index'::text
-            WHEN 7 THEN 'performing final cleanup'::text
-            ELSE NULL::text
-        END AS phase,
-    (s.param3)::oid AS cluster_index_relid,
-    s.param4 AS heap_tuples_scanned,
-    s.param5 AS heap_tuples_written,
-    s.param6 AS heap_blks_total,
-    s.param7 AS heap_blks_scanned,
-    s.param8 AS index_rebuild_count
-   FROM (pg_stat_get_progress_info('CLUSTER'::text) s(pid, datid, relid, p=
aram1, param2, param3, param4, param5, param6, param7, param8, param9, para=
m10, param11, param12, param13, param14, param15, param16, param17, param18=
, param19, param20)
-     LEFT JOIN pg_database d ON ((s.datid =3D d.oid)));
+    phase,
+    repack_index_relid AS cluster_index_relid,
+    heap_tuples_scanned,
+    heap_tuples_written,
+    heap_blks_total,
+    heap_blks_scanned,
+    index_rebuild_count
+   FROM pg_stat_progress_repack;
 pg_stat_progress_copy| SELECT s.pid,
     s.datid,
     d.datname,
@@ -2089,6 +2078,35 @@ pg_stat_progress_create_index| SELECT s.pid,
     s.param15 AS partitions_done
    FROM (pg_stat_get_progress_info('CREATE INDEX'::text) s(pid, datid, rel=
id, param1, param2, param3, param4, param5, param6, param7, param8, param9,=
 param10, param11, param12, param13, param14, param15, param16, param17, pa=
ram18, param19, param20)
      LEFT JOIN pg_database d ON ((s.datid =3D d.oid)));
+pg_stat_progress_repack| SELECT s.pid,
+    s.datid,
+    d.datname,
+    s.relid,
+        CASE s.param1
+            WHEN 1 THEN 'CLUSTER'::text
+            WHEN 2 THEN 'REPACK'::text
+            WHEN 3 THEN 'VACUUM FULL'::text
+            ELSE NULL::text
+        END AS command,
+        CASE s.param2
+            WHEN 0 THEN 'initializing'::text
+            WHEN 1 THEN 'seq scanning heap'::text
+            WHEN 2 THEN 'index scanning heap'::text
+            WHEN 3 THEN 'sorting tuples'::text
+            WHEN 4 THEN 'writing new heap'::text
+            WHEN 5 THEN 'swapping relation files'::text
+            WHEN 6 THEN 'rebuilding index'::text
+            WHEN 7 THEN 'performing final cleanup'::text
+            ELSE NULL::text
+        END AS phase,
+    (s.param3)::oid AS repack_index_relid,
+    s.param4 AS heap_tuples_scanned,
+    s.param5 AS heap_tuples_written,
+    s.param6 AS heap_blks_total,
+    s.param7 AS heap_blks_scanned,
+    s.param8 AS index_rebuild_count
+   FROM (pg_stat_get_progress_info('REPACK'::text) s(pid, datid, relid, pa=
ram1, param2, param3, param4, param5, param6, param7, param8, param9, param=
10, param11, param12, param13, param14, param15, param16, param17, param18,=
 param19, param20)
+     LEFT JOIN pg_database d ON ((s.datid =3D d.oid)));
 pg_stat_progress_vacuum| SELECT s.pid,
     s.datid,
     d.datname,
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/cluster.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/cluste=
r.sql
index b7115f86104..c976823a3cb 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/cluster.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/cluster.sql
@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ INSERT INTO clstr_tst (b, c) VALUES (1111, 'this should f=
ail');
 SELECT conname FROM pg_constraint WHERE conrelid =3D 'clstr_tst'::regclass
 ORDER BY 1;
=20
-
 SELECT relname, relkind,
     EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM pg_class WHERE oid =3D c.reltoastrelid) AS hastoa=
st
 FROM pg_class c WHERE relname LIKE 'clstr_tst%' ORDER BY relname;
@@ -229,6 +228,24 @@ SELECT relname, old.level, old.relkind, old.relfilenod=
e =3D new.relfilenode FROM o
 CLUSTER clstrpart;
 ALTER TABLE clstrpart SET WITHOUT CLUSTER;
 ALTER TABLE clstrpart CLUSTER ON clstrpart_idx;
+
+-- Check that REPACK sets new relfilenodes: it should process exactly the =
same
+-- tables as CLUSTER did.
+DROP TABLE old_cluster_info;
+DROP TABLE new_cluster_info;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE old_cluster_info AS SELECT relname, level, relfilenode, =
relkind FROM pg_partition_tree('clstrpart'::regclass) AS tree JOIN pg_class=
 c ON c.oid=3Dtree.relid ;
+REPACK clstrpart USING INDEX clstrpart_idx;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE new_cluster_info AS SELECT relname, level, relfilenode, =
relkind FROM pg_partition_tree('clstrpart'::regclass) AS tree JOIN pg_class=
 c ON c.oid=3Dtree.relid ;
+SELECT relname, old.level, old.relkind, old.relfilenode =3D new.relfilenod=
e FROM old_cluster_info AS old JOIN new_cluster_info AS new USING (relname)=
 ORDER BY relname COLLATE "C";
+
+-- And finally the same for REPACK w/o index.
+DROP TABLE old_cluster_info;
+DROP TABLE new_cluster_info;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE old_cluster_info AS SELECT relname, level, relfilenode, =
relkind FROM pg_partition_tree('clstrpart'::regclass) AS tree JOIN pg_class=
 c ON c.oid=3Dtree.relid ;
+REPACK clstrpart;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE new_cluster_info AS SELECT relname, level, relfilenode, =
relkind FROM pg_partition_tree('clstrpart'::regclass) AS tree JOIN pg_class=
 c ON c.oid=3Dtree.relid ;
+SELECT relname, old.level, old.relkind, old.relfilenode =3D new.relfilenod=
e FROM old_cluster_info AS old JOIN new_cluster_info AS new USING (relname)=
 ORDER BY relname COLLATE "C";
+
 DROP TABLE clstrpart;
=20
 -- Ownership of partitions is checked
@@ -313,6 +330,57 @@ EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM clstr_expression WHE=
RE -a =3D -3 ORDER BY -a, b;
 SELECT * FROM clstr_expression WHERE -a =3D -3 ORDER BY -a, b;
 COMMIT;
=20
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+-- REPACK
+--
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-- REPACK handles individual tables identically to CLUSTER, but it's worth
+-- checking if it handles table hierarchies identically as well.
+REPACK clstr_tst USING INDEX clstr_tst_c;
+
+-- Verify that inheritance link still works
+INSERT INTO clstr_tst_inh VALUES (0, 100, 'in child table 2');
+SELECT a,b,c,substring(d for 30), length(d) from clstr_tst;
+
+-- Verify that foreign key link still works
+INSERT INTO clstr_tst (b, c) VALUES (1111, 'this should fail');
+
+SELECT conname FROM pg_constraint WHERE conrelid =3D 'clstr_tst'::regclass
+ORDER BY 1;
+
+-- Verify partial analyze works
+REPACK (ANALYZE) clstr_tst (a);
+REPACK (ANALYZE) clstr_tst;
+REPACK (VERBOSE) clstr_tst (a);
+
+-- REPACK w/o argument performs no ordering, so we can only check which ta=
bles
+-- have the relfilenode changed.
+RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE relnodes_old AS
+(SELECT relname, relfilenode
+FROM pg_class
+WHERE relname IN ('clstr_1', 'clstr_2', 'clstr_3'));
+
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_clstr_user;
+SET client_min_messages =3D ERROR;  -- order of "skipping" warnings may va=
ry
+REPACK;
+RESET client_min_messages;
+
+RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
+CREATE TEMP TABLE relnodes_new AS
+(SELECT relname, relfilenode
+FROM pg_class
+WHERE relname IN ('clstr_1', 'clstr_2', 'clstr_3'));
+
+-- Do the actual comparison. Unlike CLUSTER, clstr_3 should have been
+-- processed because there is nothing like clustering index here.
+SELECT o.relname FROM relnodes_old o
+JOIN relnodes_new n ON o.relname =3D n.relname
+WHERE o.relfilenode <> n.relfilenode
+ORDER BY o.relname;
+
 -- clean up
 DROP TABLE clustertest;
 DROP TABLE clstr_1;
diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs=
.list
index 77e3c04144e..eb27e8fa746 100644
--- a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
+++ b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
@@ -2580,6 +2580,8 @@ ReorderBufferTupleCidEnt
 ReorderBufferTupleCidKey
 ReorderBufferUpdateProgressTxnCB
 ReorderTuple
+RepackCommand
+RepackStmt
 ReparameterizeForeignPathByChild_function
 ReplOriginId
 ReplOriginXactState
--=20
2.47.3


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/x-diff
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v36-0002-Refactor-index_concurrently_create_copy-for-use-with.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml            |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c                 | 157 +-------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c           |  98 +-----------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c                  |  23 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c                  | 164 ---------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c     |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c            |  56 +------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h            |  29 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c         |  37 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c                |   3 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl |  20 ---
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c               | 127 ----------------
 12 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 701 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..786c1474829 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8f81c9e9582 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -42,9 +42,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char		bufin[MAX_STRING];
 	FILE	   *output;
 	char	   *p;
-	bool		got_tli = false;
-	bool		got_log_id = false;
-	bool		got_log_seg = false;
 	bool		got_xid = false;
 	bool		got_oid = false;
 	bool		got_multi = false;
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	char	   *language = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_all = NULL;
 	char	   *lc_messages = NULL;
-	uint32		tli = 0;
-	uint32		logid = 0;
-	uint32		segno = 0;
-	char	   *resetwal_bin;
 	int			rc;
 	bool		live_check = (cluster == &old_cluster && user_opts.live_check);
 
@@ -189,27 +182,15 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetxlog\" -n";
-	else
-		resetwal_bin = "pg_resetwal\" -n";
 	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s/%s \"%s\"",
 			 cluster->bindir,
-			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : resetwal_bin,
+			 live_check ? "pg_controldata\"" : "pg_resetwal\" -n",
 			 cluster->pgdata);
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 	if ((output = popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
 		pg_fatal("could not get control data using %s: %m", cmd);
 
-	/* Only in <= 9.2 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		cluster->controldata.data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF;
-		got_data_checksum_version = true;
-	}
-
 	/* we have the result of cmd in "output". so parse it line by line now */
 	while (fgets(bufin, sizeof(bufin), output))
 	{
@@ -237,39 +218,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.cat_ver = str2uint(p);
 		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			tli = str2uint(p);
-			got_tli = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file ID after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			logid = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_id = true;
-		}
-		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "First log file segment after reset:")) != NULL)
-		{
-			p = strchr(p, ':');
-
-			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
-				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
-
-			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
-			segno = str2uint(p);
-			got_log_seg = true;
-		}
 		else if ((p = strstr(bufin, "Latest checkpoint's NextXID:")) != NULL)
 		{
 			p = strchr(p, ':');
@@ -280,23 +228,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtepoch = str2uint(p);
 
-			/*
-			 * Delimiter changed from '/' to ':' in 9.6.  We don't test for
-			 * the catalog version of the change because the catalog version
-			 * is pulled from pg_controldata too, and it isn't worth adding an
-			 * order dependency for this --- we just check the string.
-			 */
-			if (strchr(p, '/') != NULL)
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-			else if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 906)
 				p = strchr(p, ':');
-			else
-				p = NULL;
 
 			if (p == NULL || strlen(p) <= 1)
 				pg_fatal("%d: controldata retrieval problem", __LINE__);
 
-			p++;				/* remove '/' or ':' char */
+			p++;				/* remove ':' char */
 			cluster->controldata.chkpnt_nxtxid = str2uint(p);
 			got_xid = true;
 		}
@@ -568,22 +505,6 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	pg_free(lc_all);
 	pg_free(lc_messages);
 
-	/*
-	 * Before 9.3, pg_resetwal reported the xlogid and segno of the first log
-	 * file after reset as separate lines. Starting with 9.3, it reports the
-	 * WAL file name. If the old cluster is older than 9.3, we construct the
-	 * WAL file name from the xlogid and segno.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902)
-	{
-		if (got_tli && got_log_id && got_log_seg)
-		{
-			snprintf(cluster->controldata.nextxlogfile, 25, "%08X%08X%08X",
-					 tli, logid, segno);
-			got_nextxlogfile = true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Pre-v18 database clusters don't have the default char signedness
 	 * information. We use the char signedness of the platform where
@@ -602,14 +523,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +549,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +588,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
@@ -724,8 +641,7 @@ check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl,
 	if (oldctrl->toast == 0 || oldctrl->toast != newctrl->toast)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata maximum TOAST chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
-	/* large_object added in 9.5, so it might not exist in the old cluster */
-	if (oldctrl->large_object != 0 &&
+	if (oldctrl->large_object == 0 ||
 		oldctrl->large_object != newctrl->large_object)
 		pg_fatal("old and new pg_controldata large-object chunk sizes are invalid or do not match");
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..c6af9035665 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void prepare_new_cluster(void);
 static void prepare_new_globals(void);
 static void create_new_objects(void);
 static void copy_xact_xlog_xid(void);
-static void set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only);
+static void set_frozenxids(void);
 static void make_outputdirs(char *pgdata);
 static void setup(char *argv0);
 static void create_logical_replication_slots(void);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ prepare_new_globals(void)
 	/*
 	 * Before we restore anything, set frozenxids of initdb-created tables.
 	 */
-	set_frozenxids(false);
+	set_frozenxids();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now restore global objects (roles and tablespaces).
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
@@ -906,26 +877,18 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 /*
  *	set_frozenxids()
  *
- * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything, with
- * minmxid_only = false.  Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
+ * This is called on the new cluster before we restore anything.
+ * Its purpose is to ensure that all initdb-created
  * vacuumable tables have relfrozenxid/relminmxid matching the old cluster's
  * xid/mxid counters.  We also initialize the datfrozenxid/datminmxid of the
  * built-in databases to match.
  *
  * As we create user tables later, their relfrozenxid/relminmxid fields will
  * be restored properly by the binary-upgrade restore script.  Likewise for
- * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.  However, if we're upgrading from a
- * pre-9.3 database, which does not store per-table or per-DB minmxid, then
- * the relminmxid/datminmxid values filled in by the restore script will just
- * be zeroes.
- *
- * Hence, with a pre-9.3 source database, a second call occurs after
- * everything is restored, with minmxid_only = true.  This pass will
- * initialize all tables and databases, both those made by initdb and user
- * objects, with the desired minmxid value.  frozenxid values are left alone.
+ * user-database datfrozenxid/datminmxid.
  */
 static void
-set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
+set_frozenxids(void)
 {
 	int			dbnum;
 	PGconn	   *conn,
@@ -935,14 +898,10 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 	int			i_datname;
 	int			i_datallowconn;
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		prep_status("Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster");
-	else
-		prep_status("Setting minmxid counter in new cluster");
 
 	conn_template1 = connectToServer(&new_cluster, "template1");
 
-	if (!minmxid_only)
 		/* set pg_database.datfrozenxid */
 		PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn_template1,
 								  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_database "
@@ -983,7 +942,6 @@ set_frozenxids(bool minmxid_only)
 
 		conn = connectToServer(&new_cluster, datname);
 
-		if (!minmxid_only)
 			/* set pg_class.relfrozenxid */
 			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
 									  "UPDATE	pg_catalog.pg_class "
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
index 5d81e4e95b8..7da9dffe585 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/server.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error)
 		snprintf(socket_string + strlen(socket_string),
 				 sizeof(socket_string) - strlen(socket_string),
 				 " -c %s='%s'",
-				 (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 902) ?
-				 "unix_socket_directory" : "unix_socket_directories",
+				 "unix_socket_directories",
 				 cluster->sockdir);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
index 6b7ab9f29a2..9efa5dc863c 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/t/006_transfer_modes.pl
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@ sub test_mode
 	  PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('old', install_path => $ENV{oldinstall});
 	my $new = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('new');
 
-	# --swap can't be used to upgrade from versions older than 10, so just skip
-	# the test if the old cluster version is too old.
-	if ($old->pg_version < 10 && $mode eq "--swap")
-	{
-		$old->clean_node();
-		$new->clean_node();
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (defined($ENV{oldinstall}))
 	{
 		# Checksums are now enabled by default, but weren't before 18, so pass
@@ -38,14 +29,10 @@ sub test_mode
 	}
 	$new->init();
 
-	# allow_in_place_tablespaces is available as far back as v10.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$new->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
 		$old->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 			"allow_in_place_tablespaces = true");
-	}
 
 	# We can only test security labels if both the old and new installations
 	# have dummy_seclabel.
@@ -89,9 +76,6 @@ sub test_mode
 			"CREATE TABLE test4 AS SELECT generate_series(400, 502)");
 	}
 
-	# If the old cluster is >= v10, we can test in-place tablespaces.
-	if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-	{
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
 			"CREATE TABLESPACE inplc_tblspc LOCATION ''");
 		$old->safe_psql('postgres',
@@ -101,7 +85,6 @@ sub test_mode
 		);
 		$old->safe_psql('testdb3',
 			"CREATE TABLE test6 AS SELECT generate_series(607, 711)");
-	}
 
 	# While we are here, test handling of large objects.
 	$old->safe_psql(
@@ -169,15 +152,12 @@ sub test_mode
 		}
 
 		# Tests for in-place tablespaces.
-		if ($old->pg_version >= 10)
-		{
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test5");
 			is($result, '104', "test5 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
 			$result =
 			  $new->safe_psql('testdb3', "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test6");
 			is($result, '105', "test6 data after pg_upgrade $mode");
-		}
 
 		# Tests for large objects
 		$result = $new->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT lo_get(4532)");
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--aHl3HfeiUuO3zeNC
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v6-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--CT89ko5pLUrsvFtH
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v2-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 5a7afe62eab..0813cef2729 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index e1de61f36ee..479557abdcc 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 1d767bbda2d..5a0d2045be5 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--6vzYk1swa63ey9i6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v3-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index 38ca09b423c..c4ed75211db 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f5c93e611d2..f1e35a6af47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--2xrO7hiVfr8aWtYg
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v4-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10
@ 2026-04-17 18:20  Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 190+ messages in thread

From: Nathan Bossart @ 2026-04-17 18:20 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml        |   2 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c             | 157 +----------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c       |  12 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c              |  23 ----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c              | 164 -------------------------
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c |  11 +-
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c        |  31 +----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h        |  29 -----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c     |  37 +-----
 src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c           | 127 -------------------
 10 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 577 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
index cc44983a9a8..e4e8c02e6d6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  </para>
 
   <para>
-   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current
+   <application>pg_upgrade</application> supports upgrades from 10.X and later to the current
    major release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, including snapshot and beta releases.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index f8f31382835..01b354e3c44 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ static void check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_tables_with_oids(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_not_null_inheritance(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-static void check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_new_tablespace_dir(void);
 static void check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 static void check_for_unicode_update(ClusterInfo *cluster);
@@ -128,26 +127,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = ALL_VERSIONS
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * 9.3 -> 9.4 Fully implement the 'line' data type in 9.4, which
-	 * previously returned "not enabled" by default and was only functionally
-	 * enabled with a compile-time switch; as of 9.4 "line" has a different
-	 * on-disk representation format.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"line\" data type"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_line.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.line'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"line\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type changed its internal and input/output format\n"
-					 "between your old and new versions so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can\n"
-					 "drop the problem columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 903
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * pg_upgrade only preserves these system values: pg_class.oid pg_type.oid
 	 * pg_enum.oid
@@ -209,30 +188,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1500
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * It's no longer allowed to create tables or views with "unknown"-type
-	 * columns.  We do not complain about views with such columns, because
-	 * they should get silently converted to "text" columns during the DDL
-	 * dump and reload; it seems unlikely to be worth making users do that by
-	 * hand.  However, if there's a table with such a column, the DDL reload
-	 * will fail, so we should pre-detect that rather than failing
-	 * mid-upgrade.  Worse, if there's a matview with such a column, the DDL
-	 * reload will silently change it to "text" which won't match the on-disk
-	 * storage (which is like "cstring").  So we *must* reject that.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for invalid \"unknown\" user columns"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_unknown.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.unknown'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"unknown\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "This data type is no longer allowed in tables, so this cluster\n"
-					 "cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem columns\n"
-					 "and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = 906
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 changed the 'sql_identifier' type storage to be based on name,
 	 * not varchar, which breaks on-disk format for existing data. So we need
@@ -255,23 +210,6 @@ static DataTypesUsageChecks data_types_usage_checks[] =
 		.threshold_version = 1100
 	},
 
-	/*
-	 * JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta, so check for it.
-	 */
-	{
-		.status = gettext_noop("Checking for incompatible \"jsonb\" data type in user tables"),
-		.report_filename = "tables_using_jsonb.txt",
-		.base_query =
-		"SELECT 'pg_catalog.jsonb'::pg_catalog.regtype AS oid",
-		.report_text =
-		gettext_noop("Your installation contains the \"jsonb\" data type in user tables.\n"
-					 "The internal format of \"jsonb\" changed during 9.4 beta so this\n"
-					 "cluster cannot currently be upgraded.  You can drop the problem \n"
-					 "columns and restart the upgrade.\n"),
-		.threshold_version = MANUAL_CHECK,
-		.version_hook = jsonb_9_4_check_applicable
-	},
-
 	/*
 	 * PG 12 removed types abstime, reltime, tinterval.
 	 */
@@ -712,20 +650,6 @@ check_and_dump_old_cluster(void)
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 1800)
 		check_for_gist_inet_ops(&old_cluster);
 
-	/*
-	 * Pre-PG 10 allowed tables with 'unknown' type columns and non WAL logged
-	 * hash indexes
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-	{
-		if (user_opts.check)
-			old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&old_cluster, true);
-	}
-
-	/* 9.5 and below should not have roles starting with pg_ */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 905)
-		check_for_pg_role_prefix(&old_cluster);
-
 	/*
 	 * While not a check option, we do this now because this is the only time
 	 * the old server is running.
@@ -772,20 +696,6 @@ check_new_cluster(void)
 			 * system boundaries.
 			 */
 			check_hard_link(TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP);
-
-			/*
-			 * There are a few known issues with using --swap to upgrade from
-			 * versions older than 10.  For example, the sequence tuple format
-			 * changed in v10, and the visibility map format changed in 9.6.
-			 * While such problems are not insurmountable (and we may have to
-			 * deal with similar problems in the future, anyway), it doesn't
-			 * seem worth the effort to support swap mode for upgrades from
-			 * long-unsupported versions.
-			 */
-			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 1000)
-				pg_fatal("Swap mode can only upgrade clusters from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-						 "10");
-
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -831,10 +741,6 @@ issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void)
 	 */
 	start_postmaster(&new_cluster, true);
 
-	/* Reindex hash indexes for old < 10.0 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906)
-		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(&new_cluster, false);
-
 	report_extension_updates(&new_cluster);
 
 	stop_postmaster(false);
@@ -892,9 +798,9 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
 	 * upgrades
 	 */
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 902)
+	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 10)
 		pg_fatal("This utility can only upgrade from PostgreSQL version %s and later.",
-				 "9.2");
+				 "10");
 
 	/* Only current PG version is supported as a target */
 	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) != GET_MAJOR_VERSION(PG_VERSION_NUM))
@@ -1569,12 +1475,10 @@ check_for_incompatible_polymorphics(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 						 ", 'array_cat(anyarray,anyarray)'"
 						 ", 'array_prepend(anyelement,anyarray)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 903)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_remove(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_replace(anyarray,anyelement,anyelement)'");
 
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 905)
 		appendPQExpBufferStr(&old_polymorphics,
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement)'"
 							 ", 'array_position(anyarray,anyelement,integer)'"
@@ -1870,63 +1774,6 @@ check_for_gist_inet_ops(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		check_ok();
 }
 
-/*
- * check_for_pg_role_prefix()
- *
- *	Versions older than 9.6 should not have any pg_* roles
- */
-static void
-check_for_pg_role_prefix(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	PGresult   *res;
-	PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, "template1");
-	int			ntups;
-	int			i_roloid;
-	int			i_rolname;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	char		output_path[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	prep_status("Checking for roles starting with \"pg_\"");
-
-	snprintf(output_path, sizeof(output_path), "%s/%s",
-			 log_opts.basedir,
-			 "pg_role_prefix.txt");
-
-	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-							"SELECT oid AS roloid, rolname "
-							"FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles "
-							"WHERE rolname ~ '^pg_'");
-
-	ntups = PQntuples(res);
-	i_roloid = PQfnumber(res, "roloid");
-	i_rolname = PQfnumber(res, "rolname");
-	for (int rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-	{
-		if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-			pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-		fprintf(script, "%s (oid=%s)\n",
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_rolname),
-				PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_roloid));
-	}
-
-	PQclear(res);
-
-	PQfinish(conn);
-
-	if (script)
-	{
-		fclose(script);
-		pg_log(PG_REPORT, "fatal");
-		pg_fatal("Your installation contains roles starting with \"pg_\".\n"
-				 "\"pg_\" is a reserved prefix for system roles.  The cluster\n"
-				 "cannot be upgraded until these roles are renamed.\n"
-				 "A list of roles starting with \"pg_\" is in the file:\n"
-				 "    %s", output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * check_for_user_defined_encoding_conversions()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
index cffcd4b0eba..8188355240f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/controldata.c
@@ -602,14 +602,12 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	/* verify that we got all the mandatory pg_control data */
 	if (!got_xid || !got_oid ||
 		!got_multi || !got_oldestxid ||
-		(!got_oldestmulti &&
-		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER) ||
+		!got_oldestmulti ||
 		!got_mxoff || (!live_check && !got_nextxlogfile) ||
 		!got_float8_pass_by_value || !got_align || !got_blocksz ||
 		!got_largesz || !got_walsz || !got_walseg || !got_ident ||
 		!got_index || !got_toast ||
-		(!got_large_object &&
-		 cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER) ||
+		!got_large_object ||
 		!got_date_is_int || !got_data_checksum_version ||
 		(!got_default_char_signedness &&
 		 cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER))
@@ -630,8 +628,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_multi)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint next MultiXactId");
 
-		if (!got_oldestmulti &&
-			cluster->controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
+		if (!got_oldestmulti)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  latest checkpoint oldest MultiXactId");
 
 		if (!got_oldestxid)
@@ -670,8 +667,7 @@ get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 		if (!got_toast)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  maximum TOAST chunk size");
 
-		if (!got_large_object &&
-			cluster->controldata.ctrl_ver >= LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER)
+		if (!got_large_object)
 			pg_log(PG_REPORT, "  large-object chunk size");
 
 		if (!got_date_is_int)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
index 563b4a6b5fa..44355feea30 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/exec.c
@@ -55,16 +55,7 @@ get_bin_version(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	if (sscanf(cmd_output, "%*s %*s %d.%d", &v1, &v2) < 1)
 		pg_fatal("could not get pg_ctl version output from %s", cmd);
 
-	if (v1 < 10)
-	{
-		/* old style, e.g. 9.6.1 */
-		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000 + v2 * 100;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* new style, e.g. 10.1 */
 		cluster->bin_version = v1 * 10000;
-	}
 }
 
 
@@ -353,17 +344,7 @@ check_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_subtrans");
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, PG_TBLSPC_DIR);
 	check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_twophase");
-
-	/* pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xlog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_wal");
-
-	/* pg_clog has been renamed to pg_xact in v10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) <= 906)
-		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_clog");
-	else
 		check_single_dir(pg_data, "pg_xact");
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +385,6 @@ check_bin_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_versions)
 	 */
 	get_bin_version(cluster);
 
-	/* pg_resetxlog has been renamed to pg_resetwal in version 10 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->bin_version) <= 906)
-		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetxlog", check_versions);
-	else
 		check_exec(cluster->bindir, "pg_resetwal", check_versions);
 
 	if (cluster == &new_cluster)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 5b276008614..af82c0de490 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "access/visibilitymapdefs.h"
 #include "common/file_perm.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
-#include "storage/bufpage.h"
-#include "storage/checksum.h"
-#include "storage/checksum_impl.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -196,166 +192,6 @@ linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 }
 
 
-/*
- * rewriteVisibilityMap()
- *
- * Transform a visibility map file, copying from src to dst.
- * schemaName/relName are relation's SQL name (used for error messages only).
- *
- * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to catversion 201603011, PostgreSQL's
- * visibility map included one bit per heap page; it now includes two.
- * When upgrading a cluster from before that time to a current PostgreSQL
- * version, we could refuse to copy visibility maps from the old cluster
- * to the new cluster; the next VACUUM would recreate them, but at the
- * price of scanning the entire table.  So, instead, we rewrite the old
- * visibility maps in the new format.  That way, the all-visible bits
- * remain set for the pages for which they were set previously.  The
- * all-frozen bits are never set by this conversion; we leave that to VACUUM.
- */
-void
-rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName)
-{
-	int			src_fd;
-	int			dst_fd;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock buffer;
-	PGIOAlignedBlock new_vmbuf;
-	ssize_t		totalBytesRead = 0;
-	ssize_t		src_filesize;
-	int			rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-	BlockNumber new_blkno = 0;
-	struct stat statbuf;
-
-	/* Compute number of old-format bytes per new page */
-	rewriteVmBytesPerPage = (BLCKSZ - SizeOfPageHeaderData) / 2;
-
-	if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not open file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if (fstat(src_fd, &statbuf) != 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not stat file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-
-	if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | PG_BINARY,
-					   pg_file_create_mode)) < 0)
-		pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not create file \"%s\": %m",
-				 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-
-	/* Save old file size */
-	src_filesize = statbuf.st_size;
-
-	/*
-	 * Turn each visibility map page into 2 pages one by one. Each new page
-	 * has the same page header as the old one.  If the last section of the
-	 * last page is empty, we skip it, mostly to avoid turning one-page
-	 * visibility maps for small relations into two pages needlessly.
-	 */
-	while (totalBytesRead < src_filesize)
-	{
-		ssize_t		bytesRead;
-		char	   *old_cur;
-		char	   *old_break;
-		char	   *old_blkend;
-		PageHeaderData pageheader;
-		bool		old_lastblk;
-
-		if ((bytesRead = read(src_fd, buffer.data, BLCKSZ)) != BLCKSZ)
-		{
-			if (bytesRead < 0)
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not read file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-			else
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": partial page found in file \"%s\"",
-						 schemaName, relName, fromfile);
-		}
-
-		totalBytesRead += BLCKSZ;
-		old_lastblk = (totalBytesRead == src_filesize);
-
-		/* Save the page header data */
-		memcpy(&pageheader, buffer.data, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-		/*
-		 * These old_* variables point to old visibility map page. old_cur
-		 * points to current position on old page. old_blkend points to end of
-		 * old block.  old_break is the end+1 position on the old page for the
-		 * data that will be transferred to the current new page.
-		 */
-		old_cur = buffer.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-		old_blkend = buffer.data + bytesRead;
-		old_break = old_cur + rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-
-		while (old_break <= old_blkend)
-		{
-			char	   *new_cur;
-			bool		empty = true;
-			bool		old_lastpart;
-
-			/* First, copy old page header to new page */
-			memcpy(new_vmbuf.data, &pageheader, SizeOfPageHeaderData);
-
-			/* Rewriting the last part of the last old page? */
-			old_lastpart = old_lastblk && (old_break == old_blkend);
-
-			new_cur = new_vmbuf.data + SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-
-			/* Process old page bytes one by one, and turn it into new page. */
-			while (old_cur < old_break)
-			{
-				uint8		byte = *(uint8 *) old_cur;
-				uint16		new_vmbits = 0;
-				int			i;
-
-				/* Generate new format bits while keeping old information */
-				for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_BYTE; i++)
-				{
-					if (byte & (1 << i))
-					{
-						empty = false;
-						new_vmbits |=
-							VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * i);
-					}
-				}
-
-				/* Copy new visibility map bytes to new-format page */
-				new_cur[0] = (char) (new_vmbits & 0xFF);
-				new_cur[1] = (char) (new_vmbits >> 8);
-
-				old_cur++;
-				new_cur += BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK;
-			}
-
-			/* If the last part of the last page is empty, skip writing it */
-			if (old_lastpart && empty)
-				break;
-
-			/* Set new checksum for visibility map page, if enabled */
-			if (new_cluster.controldata.data_checksum_version != PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_OFF)
-				((PageHeader) new_vmbuf.data)->pd_checksum =
-					pg_checksum_page(new_vmbuf.data, new_blkno);
-
-			errno = 0;
-			if (write(dst_fd, new_vmbuf.data, BLCKSZ) != BLCKSZ)
-			{
-				/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
-				if (errno == 0)
-					errno = ENOSPC;
-				pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\": could not write file \"%s\": %m",
-						 schemaName, relName, tofile);
-			}
-
-			/* Advance for next new page */
-			old_break += rewriteVmBytesPerPage;
-			new_blkno++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	close(dst_fd);
-	close(src_fd);
-}
-
 void
 check_file_clone(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
index 823984ec8f3..c45b3183684 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/multixact_rewrite.c
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ static void RecordMultiXactMembers(SlruSegState *members_writer,
  * 32-bit offsets to the current format.
  *
  * Multixids in the range [from_multi, to_multi) are read from the old
- * cluster, and written in the new format.  An important edge case is that if
- * from_multi == to_multi, this initializes the new pg_multixact files in the
- * new format without trying to open any old files.  (We rely on that when
- * upgrading from PostgreSQL version 9.2 or below.)
+ * cluster, and written in the new format.
  *
  * Returns the new nextOffset value; the caller should set it in the new
  * control file.  The new members always start from offset 1, regardless of
@@ -42,6 +39,7 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	SlruSegState *members_writer;
 	char		dir[MAXPGPATH] = {0};
 	bool		prev_multixid_valid = false;
+	OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
 
 	/*
 	 * The range of valid multi XIDs is unchanged by the conversion (they are
@@ -63,10 +61,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 	 * Convert old multixids, if needed, by reading them one-by-one from the
 	 * old cluster.
 	 */
-	if (to_multi != from_multi)
-	{
-		OldMultiXactReader *old_reader;
-
 		old_reader = AllocOldMultiXactRead(old_cluster.pgdata,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti,
 										   old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmxoff);
@@ -113,7 +107,6 @@ rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi)
 		}
 
 		FreeOldMultiXactReader(old_reader);
-	}
 
 	/* Write the final 'next' offset to the last SLRU page */
 	RecordMultiXactOffset(offsets_writer, to_multi,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
index 2127d297bfe..e5d7920c1b1 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c
@@ -714,13 +714,6 @@ create_new_objects(void)
 	end_progress_output();
 	check_ok();
 
-	/*
-	 * We don't have minmxids for databases or relations in pre-9.3 clusters,
-	 * so set those after we have restored the schema.
-	 */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 902)
-		set_frozenxids(true);
-
 	/* update new_cluster info now that we have objects in the databases */
 	get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(&new_cluster);
 }
@@ -777,10 +770,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	 * Copy old commit logs to new data dir. pg_clog has been renamed to
 	 * pg_xact in post-10 clusters.
 	 */
-	copy_subdir_files(GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact",
-					  GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) <= 906 ?
-					  "pg_clog" : "pg_xact");
+	copy_subdir_files("pg_xact", "pg_xact");
 
 	prep_status("Setting oldest XID for new cluster");
 	exec_prog(UTILITY_LOG_FILE, NULL, true, true,
@@ -809,7 +799,6 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 	check_ok();
 
 	/* Copy or convert pg_multixact files */
-	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	Assert(new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER);
 	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
 	{
@@ -844,25 +833,7 @@ copy_xact_xlog_xid(void)
 		 * Determine the range of multixacts to convert.
 		 */
 		nxtmulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_nxtmulti;
-		if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		{
-			/* Versions 9.3 - 18: convert all multixids  */
 			oldstMulti = old_cluster.controldata.chkpnt_oldstMulti;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * In PostgreSQL 9.2 and below, multitransactions were only used
-			 * for row locking, and as such don't need to be preserved during
-			 * upgrade.  In that case, we utilize rewrite_multixacts() just to
-			 * initialize new, empty files in the new format.
-			 *
-			 * It's important that the oldest multi is set to the latest value
-			 * used by the old system, so that multixact.c returns the empty
-			 * set for multis that might be present on disk.
-			 */
-			oldstMulti = nxtmulti;
-		}
 		/* handle wraparound */
 		if (nxtmulti < FirstMultiXactId)
 			nxtmulti = FirstMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index ccd1ac0d013..d6e5bca5792 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -101,19 +101,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
 #endif
 
 
-/*
- * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
- */
-#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
-
-/*
- * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
- * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
- * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
- * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
- */
-#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
-
 /*
  * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
  * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
@@ -121,17 +108,6 @@ extern char *output_files[];
  */
 #define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
-/*
- * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
- * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
- */
-#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
-
-/*
- * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
- */
-#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
-
 /*
  * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
  * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
@@ -429,8 +405,6 @@ void		copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
 							const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
 					 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
-void		rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
-								 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
 void		check_file_clone(void);
 void		check_copy_file_range(void);
 void		check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
@@ -500,10 +474,7 @@ unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 /* version.c */
 
-bool		jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 bool		protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
-											bool check_mode);
 
 void		report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
index d5088447e0d..ec2ff7acb21 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenumber.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
-static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+static void transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix);
 
 /*
  * The following set of sync_queue_* functions are used for --swap to reduce
@@ -496,25 +496,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 					   char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
-	bool		vm_must_add_frozenbit = false;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
-	 */
-	if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
-		new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
-		vm_must_add_frozenbit = true;
 
 	/* --swap has its own subroutine */
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * We don't support --swap to upgrade from versions that require
-		 * rewriting the visibility map.  We should've failed already if
-		 * someone tries to do that.
-		 */
-		Assert(!vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-
 		do_swap(maps, size, old_tablespace, new_tablespace);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -525,13 +510,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
 			/* transfer primary file */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "");
 
 			/*
 			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
 			 */
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
-			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm", vm_must_add_frozenbit);
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+			transfer_relfile(&maps[mapnum], "_vm");
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -540,12 +525,10 @@ transfer_single_new_db(FileNameMap *maps, int size,
 /*
  * transfer_relfile()
  *
- * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.  If vm_must_add_frozenbit
- * is true, visibility map forks are converted and rewritten, even in link
- * mode.
+ * Copy or link file from old cluster to new one.
  */
 static void
-transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_frozenbit)
+transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix)
 {
 	char		old_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char		new_file[MAXPGPATH];
@@ -604,14 +587,6 @@ transfer_relfile(FileNameMap *map, const char *type_suffix, bool vm_must_add_fro
 		/* Copying files might take some time, so give feedback. */
 		pg_log(PG_STATUS, "%s", old_file);
 
-		if (vm_must_add_frozenbit && strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0)
-		{
-			/* Need to rewrite visibility map format */
-			pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "rewriting \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
-				   old_file, new_file);
-			rewriteVisibilityMap(old_file, new_file, map->nspname, map->relname);
-		}
-		else
 			switch (user_opts.transfer_mode)
 			{
 				case TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE:
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
index 047670d4acb..9e83d4659be 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/version.c
@@ -12,22 +12,6 @@
 #include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
 #include "pg_upgrade.h"
 
-/*
- * version_hook functions for check_for_data_types_usage in order to determine
- * whether a data type check should be executed for the cluster in question or
- * not.
- */
-bool
-jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster)
-{
-	/* JSONB changed its storage format during 9.4 beta */
-	if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) == 904 &&
-		cluster->controldata.cat_ver < JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER)
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 /*
  * Older servers can't support newer protocol versions, so their connection
  * strings will need to lock max_protocol_version to 3.0.
@@ -46,117 +30,6 @@ protocol_negotiation_supported(const ClusterInfo *cluster)
 	return (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(cluster->major_version) >= 1100);
 }
 
-/*
- * old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes()
- *	9.6 -> 10
- *	Hash index binary format has changed from 9.6->10.0
- */
-void
-old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool check_mode)
-{
-	int			dbnum;
-	FILE	   *script = NULL;
-	bool		found = false;
-	char	   *output_path = "reindex_hash.sql";
-
-	prep_status("Checking for hash indexes");
-
-	for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < cluster->dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
-	{
-		PGresult   *res;
-		bool		db_used = false;
-		int			ntups;
-		int			rowno;
-		int			i_nspname,
-					i_relname;
-		DbInfo	   *active_db = &cluster->dbarr.dbs[dbnum];
-		PGconn	   *conn = connectToServer(cluster, active_db->db_name);
-
-		/* find hash indexes */
-		res = executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-								"SELECT n.nspname, c.relname "
-								"FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_index i, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-								"		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-								"WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-								"		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-								"		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-								"		a.amname = 'hash'"
-			);
-
-		ntups = PQntuples(res);
-		i_nspname = PQfnumber(res, "nspname");
-		i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
-		for (rowno = 0; rowno < ntups; rowno++)
-		{
-			found = true;
-			if (!check_mode)
-			{
-				if (script == NULL && (script = fopen_priv(output_path, "w")) == NULL)
-					pg_fatal("could not open file \"%s\": %m", output_path);
-				if (!db_used)
-				{
-					PQExpBufferData connectbuf;
-
-					initPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					appendPsqlMetaConnect(&connectbuf, active_db->db_name);
-					fputs(connectbuf.data, script);
-					termPQExpBuffer(&connectbuf);
-					db_used = true;
-				}
-				fprintf(script, "REINDEX INDEX %s.%s;\n",
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_nspname)),
-						quote_identifier(PQgetvalue(res, rowno, i_relname)));
-			}
-		}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-
-		if (!check_mode && db_used)
-		{
-			/* mark hash indexes as invalid */
-			PQclear(executeQueryOrDie(conn,
-									  "UPDATE pg_catalog.pg_index i "
-									  "SET	indisvalid = false "
-									  "FROM	pg_catalog.pg_class c, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_am a, "
-									  "		pg_catalog.pg_namespace n "
-									  "WHERE	i.indexrelid = c.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relam = a.oid AND "
-									  "		c.relnamespace = n.oid AND "
-									  "		a.amname = 'hash'"));
-		}
-
-		PQfinish(conn);
-	}
-
-	if (script)
-		fclose(script);
-
-	if (found)
-	{
-		report_status(PG_WARNING, "warning");
-		if (check_mode)
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  After upgrading, you will be given\n"
-				   "REINDEX instructions.");
-		else
-			pg_log(PG_WARNING, "\n"
-				   "Your installation contains hash indexes.  These indexes have different\n"
-				   "internal formats between your old and new clusters, so they must be\n"
-				   "reindexed with the REINDEX command.  The file\n"
-				   "    %s\n"
-				   "when executed by psql by the database superuser will recreate all invalid\n"
-				   "indexes; until then, none of these indexes will be used.",
-				   output_path);
-	}
-	else
-		check_ok();
-}
-
 /*
  * Callback function for processing results of query for
  * report_extension_updates()'s UpgradeTask.  If the query returned any rows,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)


--ZcI1PtyEAe3VcVeQ
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v5-0003-psql-bump-minimum-supported-version-to-v10.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 190+ messages in thread


end of thread, other threads:[~2026-04-17 18:20 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: 190+ messages (download: mbox mbox.gz follow: Atom feed)
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2023-08-07 23:51 [PATCH v1 7/9] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2023-08-07 23:51 [PATCH v3 10/10] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2023-08-07 23:51 [PATCH v1 7/9] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2023-08-07 23:51 [PATCH v3 10/10] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2023-08-07 23:51 [PATCH v1 7/9] regress: Check for postgres startup completion more often Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2026-01-14 17:54 [PATCH v2 2/4] Move x86 popcount code to pg_popcount_x86_64.c. Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-01-14 17:54 [PATCH v1 2/3] Move x86 popcount code to pg_popcount_x86_64.c. Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-01-14 17:54 [PATCH v2 2/4] Move x86 popcount code to pg_popcount_x86_64.c. Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-01-14 17:54 [PATCH v1 2/3] Move x86 popcount code to pg_popcount_x86_64.c. Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-02-27 18:01 [PATCH 1/5] Add REPACK command Antonin Houska <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v4 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v5 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v6 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v3 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>
2026-04-17 18:20 [PATCH v2 2/4] pg_upgrade: bump minimum supported version to v10 Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>

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