diff --git a/src/backend/commands/user.c b/src/backend/commands/user.c
index 5b869e91c17..ab3cfb0b13f 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/user.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/user.c
@@ -1778,6 +1778,8 @@ ReassignOwnedObjects(ReassignOwnedStmt *stmt)
  * roleSpecsToIds
  *
  * Given a list of RoleSpecs, generate a list of role OIDs in the same order.
+ * Each role is locked with AccessShareLock to prevent concurrent DROP ROLE
+ * from removing it between resolution and the caller's catalog update.
  *
  * ROLESPEC_PUBLIC is not allowed.
  */
@@ -1792,7 +1794,23 @@ roleSpecsToIds(List *memberNames)
 		RoleSpec   *rolespec = lfirst_node(RoleSpec, l);
 		Oid			roleid;
 
-		roleid = get_rolespec_oid(rolespec, false);
+		if (rolespec->roletype == ROLESPEC_CSTRING)
+			roleid = RoleNameGetOid(rolespec->rolename,
+									AccessShareLock, false,
+									NULL, NULL);
+		else
+		{
+			roleid = get_rolespec_oid(rolespec, false);
+			LockSharedObject(AuthIdRelationId, roleid, 0,
+							 AccessShareLock);
+
+			/* Recheck that the role still exists after locking. */
+			if (!SearchSysCacheExists1(AUTHOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(roleid)))
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
+						 errmsg("role with OID %u does not exist", roleid)));
+		}
+
 		result = lappend_oid(result, roleid);
 	}
 	return result;
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/role-membership-drop-member.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/role-membership-drop-member.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7daf48395ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/role-membership-drop-member.out
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+Parsed test spec with 2 sessions
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_grant s2_drop_member s1_commit s2_check_orphans
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_grant: GRANT regress_role_group TO regress_role_member;
+step s2_drop_member: DROP ROLE regress_role_member; <waiting ...>
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_drop_member: <... completed>
+step s2_check_orphans: 
+	SELECT count(*)
+	FROM pg_auth_members m
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid ra ON m.roleid  = ra.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid me ON m.member  = me.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid gr ON m.grantor = gr.oid
+	WHERE ra.oid IS NULL OR me.oid IS NULL OR gr.oid IS NULL;
+
+count
+-----
+    0
+(1 row)
+
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_alter_add s2_drop_member s1_commit s2_check_orphans
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_alter_add: ALTER GROUP regress_role_group ADD USER regress_role_member;
+step s2_drop_member: DROP ROLE regress_role_member; <waiting ...>
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_drop_member: <... completed>
+step s2_check_orphans: 
+	SELECT count(*)
+	FROM pg_auth_members m
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid ra ON m.roleid  = ra.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid me ON m.member  = me.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid gr ON m.grantor = gr.oid
+	WHERE ra.oid IS NULL OR me.oid IS NULL OR gr.oid IS NULL;
+
+count
+-----
+    0
+(1 row)
+
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_create_role s2_drop_member s1_commit s2_check_orphans
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_create_role: CREATE ROLE regress_role_new ROLE regress_role_member;
+step s2_drop_member: DROP ROLE regress_role_member; <waiting ...>
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_drop_member: <... completed>
+step s2_check_orphans: 
+	SELECT count(*)
+	FROM pg_auth_members m
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid ra ON m.roleid  = ra.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid me ON m.member  = me.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid gr ON m.grantor = gr.oid
+	WHERE ra.oid IS NULL OR me.oid IS NULL OR gr.oid IS NULL;
+
+count
+-----
+    0
+(1 row)
+
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_drop_owned s2_drop_member s1_commit
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_drop_owned: DROP OWNED BY regress_role_member;
+step s2_drop_member: DROP ROLE regress_role_member; <waiting ...>
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_drop_member: <... completed>
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_reassign_owned s2_drop_member s1_commit
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_reassign_owned: REASSIGN OWNED BY regress_role_member TO regress_role_group;
+step s2_drop_member: DROP ROLE regress_role_member; <waiting ...>
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_drop_member: <... completed>
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_set_role s1_grant_cu s2_drop_member_cu s1_commit s1_reset s2_check_orphans
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_set_role: SET ROLE regress_role_member_cu;
+step s1_grant_cu: GRANT regress_role_group_cu TO CURRENT_USER;
+step s2_drop_member_cu: DROP ROLE regress_role_member_cu; <waiting ...>
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_drop_member_cu: <... completed>
+step s1_reset: RESET ROLE;
+step s2_check_orphans: 
+	SELECT count(*)
+	FROM pg_auth_members m
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid ra ON m.roleid  = ra.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid me ON m.member  = me.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid gr ON m.grantor = gr.oid
+	WHERE ra.oid IS NULL OR me.oid IS NULL OR gr.oid IS NULL;
+
+count
+-----
+    0
+(1 row)
+
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule b/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule
index b8ebe92553c..8fb8b52b77f 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule
+++ b/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule
@@ -128,3 +128,4 @@ test: matview-write-skew
 test: lock-nowait
 test: for-portion-of
 test: ddl-dependency-locking
+test: role-membership-drop-member
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/role-membership-drop-member.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/role-membership-drop-member.spec
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..054326ac535
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/role-membership-drop-member.spec
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# Test that role membership commands properly lock the grantee/member
+# role to prevent concurrent DROP ROLE from creating orphaned pg_auth_members
+# entries, or from operating on a stale OID.
+
+setup
+{
+	CREATE ROLE regress_role_group;
+	CREATE ROLE regress_role_member;
+	CREATE ROLE regress_role_group_cu;
+	CREATE ROLE regress_role_member_cu;
+	GRANT regress_role_group_cu TO regress_role_member_cu WITH ADMIN OPTION;
+}
+
+teardown
+{
+	DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_role_group;
+	DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_role_member;
+	DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_role_new;
+	DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_role_member_cu;
+	DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_role_group_cu;
+}
+
+session s1
+step s1_begin		{ BEGIN; }
+step s1_grant		{ GRANT regress_role_group TO regress_role_member; }
+step s1_alter_add	{ ALTER GROUP regress_role_group ADD USER regress_role_member; }
+step s1_create_role	{ CREATE ROLE regress_role_new ROLE regress_role_member; }
+step s1_drop_owned	{ DROP OWNED BY regress_role_member; }
+step s1_reassign_owned	{ REASSIGN OWNED BY regress_role_member TO regress_role_group; }
+step s1_set_role	{ SET ROLE regress_role_member_cu; }
+step s1_grant_cu	{ GRANT regress_role_group_cu TO CURRENT_USER; }
+step s1_commit		{ COMMIT; }
+step s1_reset		{ RESET ROLE; }
+
+session s2
+step s2_drop_member	{ DROP ROLE regress_role_member; }
+step s2_drop_member_cu	{ DROP ROLE regress_role_member_cu; }
+step s2_check_orphans	{
+	SELECT count(*)
+	FROM pg_auth_members m
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid ra ON m.roleid  = ra.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid me ON m.member  = me.oid
+	LEFT JOIN pg_authid gr ON m.grantor = gr.oid
+	WHERE ra.oid IS NULL OR me.oid IS NULL OR gr.oid IS NULL;
+}
+
+# GRANT role TO member and concurrent DROP of the member
+permutation s1_begin s1_grant s2_drop_member s1_commit s2_check_orphans
+
+# ALTER GROUP ADD USER and concurrent DROP of the member
+permutation s1_begin s1_alter_add s2_drop_member s1_commit s2_check_orphans
+
+# CREATE ROLE ... ROLE member and concurrent DROP of the member
+permutation s1_begin s1_create_role s2_drop_member s1_commit s2_check_orphans
+
+# DROP OWNED BY role and concurrent DROP of the role
+permutation s1_begin s1_drop_owned s2_drop_member s1_commit
+
+# REASSIGN OWNED BY role and concurrent DROP of the role
+permutation s1_begin s1_reassign_owned s2_drop_member s1_commit
+
+# GRANT role TO CURRENT_USER and concurrent DROP of the current user
+permutation s1_begin s1_set_role s1_grant_cu s2_drop_member_cu s1_commit s1_reset s2_check_orphans
-- 
2.34.1
