Received: from malur.postgresql.org ([217.196.149.56]) by arkaria.postgresql.org with esmtp (Exim 4.84_2) (envelope-from ) id 1du72j-0006mk-F8 for pgsql-performance@arkaria.postgresql.org; Tue, 19 Sep 2017 01:09:41 +0000 Received: from localhost ([127.0.0.1] helo=postgresql.org) by malur.postgresql.org with smtp (Exim 4.84_2) (envelope-from ) id 1du72i-00010c-Ru for pgsql-performance@arkaria.postgresql.org; Tue, 19 Sep 2017 01:09:40 +0000 Received: from magus.postgresql.org ([2a02:c0:301:0:ffff::29]) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA384:256) (Exim 4.84_2) (envelope-from ) id 1du70y-0006M7-8v for pgsql-performance@postgresql.org; Tue, 19 Sep 2017 01:07:52 +0000 Received: from mail-it0-x236.google.com ([2607:f8b0:4001:c0b::236]) by magus.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1:256) (Exim 4.84_2) (envelope-from ) id 1du70u-0004zT-Gs for pgsql-performance@postgresql.org; Tue, 19 Sep 2017 01:07:51 +0000 Received: by mail-it0-x236.google.com with SMTP id c195so522744itb.1 for ; Mon, 18 Sep 2017 18:07:47 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=bowt-ie.20150623.gappssmtp.com; s=20150623; h=mime-version:in-reply-to:references:from:date:message-id:subject:to :cc; bh=t60N9pjV2qlGn+Vi2e/YhUMSeqre/6phbswhmiVPNMY=; b=j6Od+VOor0rVe4+WksZi6DYgR46lUGJJUDUvyzslBiMqW0fZAH+95hqFb1oN3qdFBW p2Bp9ROv7LZfgtE12l7/I2Xw+IFtCCZI0/vCXBPjk8FxrJ9tIUtVTsy39vBrgWTAcnzE I+IHhivxsI72tVfXLpO7ajYWYjJrVj7hMv3ewGMISaP/wzY70/jbH9u4R4DmbhywSKhR cXRSjl9hIqCU0iJMHCsBlTYRjCLmIK+G5vzMAgORtTV/cwkq7CrPoURRiQQK30EDlt9M NOIrA0ivue7eCWlvy/Cu08YJtQKsrdliBz1+yd+N45pBUIiMtCsSgkWW3RynAhWH4bWb mP8A== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:in-reply-to:references:from:date :message-id:subject:to:cc; bh=t60N9pjV2qlGn+Vi2e/YhUMSeqre/6phbswhmiVPNMY=; b=oYvjTW2Y6Ar1ya0BwJ+bOFfnIs/mCFr0dRd5Ot5v9HeMVwqKuHVIXvWBXSlcGxmkYj iV+0weKA0H2VLHBoW3HHqhOxKRgb2W9uzJ16agcV5bjnUti/FmGuSQ1H5L2LUyVabQUb Bhukb97h09IlFeUQiYi4cZWU3DfD6HLg0GmJm0F0C66ajG9EtibSLsHT7AkkWnDn3CtI H8L/woaVswS8KcBsxHQMZ2oSw6c+JwOPprBpN44CRLZGGYaYElX8iIrHFELGSQuL6/qg N84yDMrgks4dOz/gxSO8pAB+Hz3fMPsywfiU3/fysQHC0zJCilIbKYjAx4NPPZiZw0fY L18Q== X-Gm-Message-State: AHPjjUikzLQ1wQBf4mfHmyCfygBSR2rc8KoEdXmBygpJyF0V6szh3ESJ c0azTFl68GaLRi1hH/cE61WQAEIxsrIkCSiV305kLg== X-Google-Smtp-Source: AOwi7QBZB5zqEwXsKZT8UhUA/QmNmIF4+eASYm1TeGuJDpkkqx42nwx9sC/4BseIJyjumSDVXp48RkCVd49uVZTjgpk= X-Received: by 10.36.0.77 with SMTP id 74mr43463ita.119.1505783266368; Mon, 18 Sep 2017 18:07:46 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.2.154.228 with HTTP; Mon, 18 Sep 2017 18:07:26 -0700 (PDT) In-Reply-To: References: From: Peter Geoghegan Date: Mon, 18 Sep 2017 18:07:26 -0700 Message-ID: Subject: Re: Pageinspect bt_metap help To: Neto pr Cc: postgres performance list Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" List-Archive: List-Help: List-ID: List-Owner: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-Mailing-List: pgsql-performance Precedence: bulk Sender: pgsql-performance-owner@postgresql.org On Mon, Sep 18, 2017 at 7:31 AM, Neto pr wrote: > In my example, the values of fast_root, fast_root are equal to root, level, > I believe that due to the newly created index and no delete operations > occurred in the table. Fast root and true root will probably never be different, even when there are many deletions, including page deletions by VACUUM. As I understand it, the fast root thing is for a fairly rare, though still important edge case. It's a way of working around the fact that a B-Tree can never become shorter due to the locking protocols not allowing it. We can instead just pretend that it's shorter, knowing that upper levels don't contain useful information. -- Peter Geoghegan -- Sent via pgsql-performance mailing list (pgsql-performance@postgresql.org) To make changes to your subscription: http://www.postgresql.org/mailpref/pgsql-performance