pg.ddx.io  pgsql-sql@postgresql.org mailing list archive  
help / color / mirror / Atom feed
UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true"
7+ messages / 6 participants
[nested] [flat]

* UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true"
@ 2003-05-06 16:01  Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>
  0 siblings, 3 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Randall Lucas @ 2003-05-06 16:01 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: pgsql-sql


Hi folks,

After a late night of SQL hacking, my brain fizzed out:

How shall I create a constraint such that only one row may be 'true'?  
Rephrased, may I place a WHERE clause in a UNIQUE constraint, or 
alternatively, may I use a CHECK constraint with an aggregate?

Example:

CREATE TABLE thing (
  thing_id 			serial primary key,
  thing_group_id 	int not null references thing_group(thing_group_id),
  is_main_thing_p 	boolean not null default 'f',
-- there may be only one main thing per group:
  unique (thing_group_id, is_main_thing_p='t')
-- or else something like:
-- check (count (*) from thing where thing_group_id=NEW.thing_group_id 
and is_main_thing_p = 't' <2)
);

Best,

Randall




^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* Re: UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true"
@ 2003-05-06 17:13  Michael Teter <michael_teter@yahoo.com>
  parent: Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>
  2 siblings, 1 reply; 7+ messages in thread

From: Michael Teter @ 2003-05-06 17:13 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>; pgsql-sql

Can you elaborate a little on what you want to do with this (as in, example
data, problem domain, etc.)?

This is probably not the answer you're looking for, but without knowing more,
I would guess that you need a different design, not a 1-true,many false field
constraint.

Perhaps you want something like this?

Table A:
thing_groupid (primary key)
...other group info...

Table B:
thing_groupid (reference to A.thing_groupid, many to 1)
thing_id
...details about thing...

?

MT

--- Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net> wrote:
> 
> Hi folks,
> 
> After a late night of SQL hacking, my brain fizzed out:
> 
> How shall I create a constraint such that only one row may be 'true'?  
> Rephrased, may I place a WHERE clause in a UNIQUE constraint, or 
> alternatively, may I use a CHECK constraint with an aggregate?
> 
> Example:
> 
> CREATE TABLE thing (
>   thing_id 			serial primary key,
>   thing_group_id 	int not null references thing_group(thing_group_id),
>   is_main_thing_p 	boolean not null default 'f',
> -- there may be only one main thing per group:
>   unique (thing_group_id, is_main_thing_p='t')
> -- or else something like:
> -- check (count (*) from thing where thing_group_id=NEW.thing_group_id 
> and is_main_thing_p = 't' <2)
> );
> 
> Best,
> 
> Randall
> 
> 
> ---------------------------(end of broadcast)---------------------------
> TIP 3: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate
> subscribe-nomail command to majordomo@postgresql.org so that your
> message can get through to the mailing list cleanly


__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo.
http://search.yahoo.com




^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* Re: UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true"
@ 2003-05-06 17:23  Bruno Wolff III <bruno@wolff.to>
  parent: Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>
  2 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Bruno Wolff III @ 2003-05-06 17:23 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>; +Cc: pgsql-sql

On Tue, May 06, 2003 at 12:01:20 -0400,
  Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net> wrote:
> 
> Hi folks,
> 
> After a late night of SQL hacking, my brain fizzed out:
> 
> How shall I create a constraint such that only one row may be 'true'?  
> Rephrased, may I place a WHERE clause in a UNIQUE constraint, or 
> alternatively, may I use a CHECK constraint with an aggregate?

You can't use a select in a check constraint.
Using a partial index seems to do what you want. Do something like:
create unique index thing_idx on thing (thing_group_id, is_main_thing)
  where is_main_thing = true;

> 
> Example:
> 
> CREATE TABLE thing (
>  thing_id 			serial primary key,
>  thing_group_id 	int not null references thing_group(thing_group_id),
>  is_main_thing_p 	boolean not null default 'f',
> -- there may be only one main thing per group:
>  unique (thing_group_id, is_main_thing_p='t')
> -- or else something like:
> -- check (count (*) from thing where thing_group_id=NEW.thing_group_id 
> and is_main_thing_p = 't' <2)
> );
> 
> Best,
> 
> Randall
> 
> 
> ---------------------------(end of broadcast)---------------------------
> TIP 3: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate
> subscribe-nomail command to majordomo@postgresql.org so that your
> message can get through to the mailing list cleanly




^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* Re: UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true"
@ 2003-05-06 17:26  chester c young <chestercyoung@yahoo.com>
  parent: Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>
  2 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: chester c young @ 2003-05-06 17:26 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>; +Cc: pgsql-sql

> How shall I create a constraint such that only one row may be 'true'?

Instead of, or along with your pg boolean, use a C type boolean where
true is 1 and false is null:
  ...
  col_tf int check( col_tf = 1 || col_tf is null ) unique,
  ...
a kludge to be sure, but works

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo.
http://search.yahoo.com




^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* Re: UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true"
@ 2003-05-06 18:46  Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>
  parent: Michael Teter <michael_teter@yahoo.com>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 7+ messages in thread

From: Randall Lucas @ 2003-05-06 18:46 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Michael Teter <michael_teter@yahoo.com>; +Cc: pgsql-sql


Hi Michael,

Per Bruno's suggestion, I think I will go with a partial index.  But 
your question brings up a good point and I am happy to hear what you 
have to say on the design.

The problem being solved is essentially replicating a very limited 
subset of SQL DDL to describe an external tabular dataset.  For a given 
dataset (thing_group) consisting of a number of columns (thing), there 
must be no more than one column which is a primary key 
(is_main_thing_p).  Do you have any suggestions on how this might 
better be implemented?  It seems to me that with a partial index, there 
is not too much overhead and it doesn't seem too offensively 
un-boycecoddean.

Best,

Randall

On Tuesday, May 6, 2003, at 01:13 PM, Michael Teter wrote:

> Can you elaborate a little on what you want to do with this (as in, 
> example
> data, problem domain, etc.)?
>
> This is probably not the answer you're looking for, but without 
> knowing more,
> I would guess that you need a different design, not a 1-true,many 
> false field
> constraint.
>
> Perhaps you want something like this?
>
> Table A:
> thing_groupid (primary key)
> ...other group info...
>
> Table B:
> thing_groupid (reference to A.thing_groupid, many to 1)
> thing_id
> ...details about thing...
>
> ?
>
> MT
>
> --- Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net> wrote:
>>
>> Hi folks,
>>
>> After a late night of SQL hacking, my brain fizzed out:
>>
>> How shall I create a constraint such that only one row may be 'true'?
>> Rephrased, may I place a WHERE clause in a UNIQUE constraint, or
>> alternatively, may I use a CHECK constraint with an aggregate?
>>
>> Example:
>>
>> CREATE TABLE thing (
>>   thing_id 			serial primary key,
>>   thing_group_id 	int not null references thing_group(thing_group_id),
>>   is_main_thing_p 	boolean not null default 'f',
>> -- there may be only one main thing per group:
>>   unique (thing_group_id, is_main_thing_p='t')
>> -- or else something like:
>> -- check (count (*) from thing where 
>> thing_group_id=NEW.thing_group_id 
>> and is_main_thing_p = 't' <2)
>> );
>>
>> Best,
>>
>> Randall
>>
>>
>> ---------------------------(end of 
>> broadcast)---------------------------
>> TIP 3: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate
>> subscribe-nomail command to majordomo@postgresql.org so that your
>> message can get through to the mailing list cleanly
>
>
> __________________________________
> Do you Yahoo!?
> The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo.
> http://search.yahoo.com
>




^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* Re: UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true"
@ 2003-05-07 03:00  Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
  parent: Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 7+ messages in thread

From: Tom Lane @ 2003-05-07 03:00 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>; +Cc: Michael Teter <michael_teter@yahoo.com>; pgsql-sql

Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net> writes:
> Do you have any suggestions on how this might 
> better be implemented?  It seems to me that with a partial index, there 
> is not too much overhead and it doesn't seem too offensively 
> un-boycecoddean.

FWIW, I'd go with the unique partial index too.  It's a very efficient
solution.  But it's not portable :-(.  I'd be interested to hear what
people would do to solve this problem in bog-standard SQL.

			regards, tom lane




^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* Re: UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true"
@ 2003-05-07 07:34  Ries van Twisk <ries@jongert.nl>
  parent: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Ries van Twisk @ 2003-05-07 07:34 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: 'Tom Lane' <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>; +Cc: pgsql-sql

Tom,

> FWIW, I'd go with the unique partial index too.  It's a very efficient
> solution.  But it's not portable :-(.  I'd be interested to hear what
> people would do to solve this problem in bog-standard SQL.

I do it by creating a trigger (on a INSERT or UPDDATE trigger) which call's
a pgsql function.

Not very eficcient but I don't have that many inserts for the tables on a
regular base (100 a day at the max...)

Ries



> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
> Van: pgsql-sql-owner@postgresql.org
> [mailto:pgsql-sql-owner@postgresql.org]Namens Tom Lane
> Verzonden: woensdag 7 mei 2003 5:01
> Aan: Randall Lucas
> CC: Michael Teter; pgsql-sql@postgresql.org
> Onderwerp: Re: [SQL] UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true"
>
>
> Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net> writes:
> > Do you have any suggestions on how this might
> > better be implemented?  It seems to me that with a partial
> index, there
> > is not too much overhead and it doesn't seem too offensively
> > un-boycecoddean.
>
> FWIW, I'd go with the unique partial index too.  It's a very efficient
> solution.  But it's not portable :-(.  I'd be interested to hear what
> people would do to solve this problem in bog-standard SQL.
>
> 			regards, tom lane
>
>
> ---------------------------(end of
> broadcast)---------------------------
> TIP 2: you can get off all lists at once with the unregister command
>     (send "unregister YourEmailAddressHere" to
> majordomo@postgresql.org)
>




^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread


end of thread, other threads:[~2003-05-07 07:34 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: 7+ messages (download: mbox mbox.gz follow: Atom feed)
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2003-05-06 16:01 UNIQUE boolean: only one row may be "true" Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>
2003-05-06 17:13 ` Michael Teter <michael_teter@yahoo.com>
2003-05-06 18:46   ` Randall Lucas <rlucas@tercent.net>
2003-05-07 03:00     ` Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
2003-05-07 07:34       ` Ries van Twisk <ries@jongert.nl>
2003-05-06 17:23 ` Bruno Wolff III <bruno@wolff.to>
2003-05-06 17:26 ` chester c young <chestercyoung@yahoo.com>

This inbox is served by DDX for PostgreSQL; see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox