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* [PATCH 1/2] review
@ 2021-01-09 02:17 Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2021-01-09 02:17 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml                 | 20 +++++++++++---------
 doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml    |  6 +++---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml            | 12 +++++++++---
 src/backend/commands/explain.c         |  2 +-
 src/backend/executor/execMerge.c       |  5 ++++-
 src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c |  3 ++-
 src/backend/optimizer/prep/preptlist.c |  6 ++++++
 src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c         |  1 +
 src/backend/replication/walsender.c    |  4 ++--
 src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c   |  4 ++++
 src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c        |  3 +++
 src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h         |  7 ++++---
 12 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml
index 9ec8474185..02c9f3fdea 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml
@@ -429,22 +429,24 @@ COMMIT;
     with both <command>INSERT</command> and <command>UPDATE</command>
     subcommands looks similar to <command>INSERT</command> with an
     <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal> clause but does not guarantee
-    that either <command>INSERT</command> and <command>UPDATE</command> will occur.
+    that either <command>INSERT</command> or <command>UPDATE</command> will occur.
 
-    If MERGE attempts an UPDATE or DELETE and the row is concurrently updated
+	/* XXX This is a very long and hard to understand sentence :-( */
+	/* XXX Do we want to mention EvalPlanQual here? There's no explanation what it does in this file, so maybe elaborate what it does or leave that detail for a README? */
+    If MERGE attempts an <command>UPDATE</command> or <command>DELETE</command> and the row is concurrently updated
     but the join condition still passes for the current target and the current
-    source tuple, then MERGE will behave the same as the UPDATE or DELETE commands
+    source tuple, then <command>MERGE</command> will behave the same as the <command>UPDATE</command> or <command>DELETE</command> commands
     and perform its action on the latest version of the row, using standard
-    EvalPlanQual. MERGE actions can be conditional, so conditions must be
+    EvalPlanQual. <command>MERGE</command> actions can be conditional, so conditions must be
     re-evaluated on the latest row, starting from the first action.
 
     On the other hand, if the row is concurrently updated or deleted so that
-    the join condition fails, then MERGE will execute a NOT MATCHED action, if it
-    exists and the AND WHEN qual evaluates to true.
+    the join condition fails, then <command>MERGE</command> will execute a <literal>NOT MATCHED</literal> action, if it
+    exists and the <literal>AND WHEN</literal> qual evaluates to true.
 
-    If MERGE attempts an INSERT and a unique index is present and a duplicate
-    row is concurrently inserted then a uniqueness violation is raised. MERGE
-    does not attempt to avoid the ERROR by attempting an UPDATE.
+    If <command>MERGE</command> attempts an <command>INSERT</command> and a unique index is present and a duplicate
+    row is concurrently inserted then a uniqueness violation is raised. <command>MERGE</command>
+    does not attempt to avoid the <literal>ERROR</literal> by attempting an <command>UPDATE</command>.
    </para>
 
    <para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml
index ad20230c58..0a64674f2d 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml
@@ -97,9 +97,9 @@ CREATE POLICY <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> ON <replaceable
 
   <para>
    No separate policy exists for <command>MERGE</command>. Instead policies
-   defined for <literal>SELECT</literal>, <literal>INSERT</literal>,
-   <literal>UPDATE</literal> and <literal>DELETE</literal> are applied
-   while executing MERGE, depending on the actions that are activated.
+   defined for <command>SELECT</command>, <command>INSERT</command>,
+   <command>UPDATE</command> and <command>DELETE</command> are applied
+   while executing <command>MERGE</command>, depending on the actions that are activated.
   </para>
  </refsect1>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml
index b2a9f67cfa..c2901b0d58 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ DELETE
   </para>
 
   <para>
-   There is no MERGE privilege.  
+   There is no <literal>MERGE</literal> privilege.
    You must have the <literal>UPDATE</literal> privilege on the column(s)
    of the <replaceable class="parameter">target_table_name</replaceable>
    referred to in the <literal>SET</literal> clause
@@ -217,6 +217,7 @@ DELETE
       At least one <literal>WHEN</literal> clause is required.
      </para>
      <para>
+      /* XXX Do we need to repeat the same thing for WHEN MATCHED and WHEN NOT MATCHED? Could this say that it applies to both? */
       If the <literal>WHEN</literal> clause specifies <literal>WHEN MATCHED</literal>
       and the candidate change row matches a row in the
       <replaceable class="parameter">target_table_name</replaceable>
@@ -242,6 +243,7 @@ DELETE
       clause will be activated and the corresponding action will occur for
       that row. The expression may not contain functions that possibly performs
       writes to the database.
+      /* XXX Does it mean that it has to be marked as STABLE, or that a write crashes the DB? */
      </para>
      <para>
       A condition on a <literal>WHEN MATCHED</literal> clause can refer to columns
@@ -379,6 +381,7 @@ DELETE
      <para>
       An expression to assign to the column.  The expression can use the
       old values of this and other columns in the table.
+      /* XXX Which table? Source or target, or both? What if it's NOT MATCHED? */
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
@@ -492,6 +495,7 @@ MERGE <replaceable class="parameter">total-count</replaceable>
    In summary, statement triggers for an event type (say, INSERT) will
    be fired whenever we <emphasis>specify</emphasis> an action of that kind. Row-level
    triggers will fire only for the one event type <emphasis>activated</emphasis>.
+   /* XXX What does "activated" mean? Maybe "executed" would be better? */
    So a <command>MERGE</command> might fire statement triggers for both
    <command>UPDATE</command> and <command>INSERT</command>, even though only
    <command>UPDATE</command> row triggers were fired.
@@ -504,6 +508,8 @@ MERGE <replaceable class="parameter">total-count</replaceable>
    rows will be used to modify the target row, later attempts to modify will
    cause an error.  This can also occur if row triggers make changes to the
    target table which are then subsequently modified by <command>MERGE</command>.
+   /* XXX Not sure the preceding sentence makes sense. What does the 'which' refer to? Row triggers, changes, or what? */
+   /* XXX It seems the rule is that INSERT actions are <literal> while INSERT statements (in SQL sense) are <command>. But this mixes that up? */
    If the repeated action is an <command>INSERT</command> this will
    cause a uniqueness violation while a repeated <command>UPDATE</command> or
    <command>DELETE</command> will cause a cardinality violation; the latter behavior
@@ -554,7 +560,7 @@ MERGE <replaceable class="parameter">total-count</replaceable>
   <title>Examples</title>
 
   <para>
-   Perform maintenance on CustomerAccounts based upon new Transactions.
+   Perform maintenance on <literal>CustomerAccounts</literal> based upon new <literal>Transactions</literal>.
 
 <programlisting>
 MERGE CustomerAccount CA
@@ -599,7 +605,7 @@ WHEN MATCHED THEN
   DELETE;
 </programlisting>
 
-   The wine_stock_changes table might be, for example, a temporary table
+   The <literal>wine_stock_changes</literal> table might be, for example, a temporary table
    recently loaded into the database.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/explain.c b/src/backend/commands/explain.c
index fbaf50c258..f914a00e9f 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/explain.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/explain.c
@@ -3690,7 +3690,7 @@ show_modifytable_info(ModifyTableState *mtstate, List *ancestors,
 			break;
 		case CMD_MERGE:
 			operation = "Merge";
-			foperation = "Foreign Merge";
+			foperation = "Foreign Merge";	/* XXX Doesn't the commit message say foreign tables are not yet supported? */
 			break;
 		default:
 			operation = "???";
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/execMerge.c b/src/backend/executor/execMerge.c
index 0e245e1361..a7492a6c4b 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/execMerge.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/execMerge.c
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ ExecMerge(ModifyTableState *mtstate, ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
 	 * A concurrent update can:
 	 *
 	 * 1. modify the target tuple so that it no longer satisfies the
-	 * additional quals attached to the current WHEN MATCHED action OR
+	 * additional quals attached to the current WHEN MATCHED action
 	 *
 	 * In this case, we are still dealing with a WHEN MATCHED case, but we
 	 * should recheck the list of WHEN MATCHED actions and choose the first
@@ -118,6 +118,9 @@ ExecMerge(ModifyTableState *mtstate, ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
 	 * tuple, so we now instead find a qualifying WHEN NOT MATCHED action to
 	 * execute.
 	 *
+	 * XXX Hmmm, what if the updated tuple would now match one that was
+	 * considered NOT MATCHED so far?
+	 *
 	 * A concurrent delete, changes a WHEN MATCHED case to WHEN NOT MATCHED.
 	 *
 	 * ExecMergeMatched takes care of following the update chain and
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c b/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c
index c0a97eba91..9c14709e47 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c
@@ -2124,7 +2124,6 @@ ExecModifyTable(PlanState *pstate)
 		{
 			/* advance to next subplan if any */
 			node->mt_whichplan++;
-
 			if (node->mt_whichplan < node->mt_nplans)
 			{
 				resultRelInfo++;
@@ -2169,6 +2168,8 @@ ExecModifyTable(PlanState *pstate)
 		EvalPlanQualSetSlot(&node->mt_epqstate, planSlot);
 		slot = planSlot;
 
+		/* XXX Wouldn't it be "nicer" to handle MERGE in the switch, together
+		 * with the other MT operations? This seems a bit out of place. */
 		if (operation == CMD_MERGE)
 		{
 			ExecMerge(node, resultRelInfo, estate, slot, junkfilter);
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/prep/preptlist.c b/src/backend/optimizer/prep/preptlist.c
index 8848e9a03f..b2543f6814 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/prep/preptlist.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/prep/preptlist.c
@@ -117,6 +117,10 @@ preprocess_targetlist(PlannerInfo *root)
 		tlist = expand_targetlist(tlist, command_type,
 								  result_relation, target_relation);
 
+	/*
+	 * For MERGE we need to handle the target list for the target relation,
+	 * and also target list for each action (only INSERT/UPDATE matter).
+	 */
 	if (command_type == CMD_MERGE)
 	{
 		ListCell   *l;
@@ -343,6 +347,8 @@ expand_targetlist(List *tlist, int command_type,
 			 * generate a NULL for dropped columns (we want to drop any old
 			 * values).
 			 *
+			 * XXX Should this explain why MERGE has the same logic as UPDATE?
+			 *
 			 * When generating a NULL constant for a dropped column, we label
 			 * it INT4 (any other guaranteed-to-exist datatype would do as
 			 * well). We can't label it with the dropped column's datatype
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c
index f7c152beb4..5d49c8c37e 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c
@@ -436,6 +436,7 @@ check_agglevels_and_constraints(ParseState *pstate, Node *expr)
 			break;
 		case EXPR_KIND_MERGE_WHEN_AND:
 			if (isAgg)
+				/* XXX "WHEN AND" seems rather strange. ... */
 				err = _("aggregate functions are not allowed in WHEN AND conditions");
 			else
 				err = _("grouping operations are not allowed in WHEN AND conditions");
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/walsender.c b/src/backend/replication/walsender.c
index d59f4fde95..d50543b1ba 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/walsender.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/walsender.c
@@ -1198,6 +1198,7 @@ StartLogicalReplication(StartReplicationCmd *cmd)
 
 	/* Also update the sent position status in shared memory */
 	SpinLockAcquire(&MyWalSnd->mutex);
+	/* XXX Huh? Why does MERGE patch change walsender? */
 	MyWalSnd->sentPtr = MyReplicationSlot->data.confirmed_flush;
 	SpinLockRelease(&MyWalSnd->mutex);
 
@@ -2930,8 +2931,7 @@ WalSndDone(WalSndSendDataCallback send_data)
 	replicatedPtr = XLogRecPtrIsInvalid(MyWalSnd->flush) ?
 		MyWalSnd->write : MyWalSnd->flush;
 
-	if (WalSndCaughtUp &&
-		sentPtr == replicatedPtr &&
+	if (WalSndCaughtUp && sentPtr == replicatedPtr &&
 		!pq_is_send_pending())
 	{
 		QueryCompletion qc;
diff --git a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c
index e2706c181c..80ae946d17 100644
--- a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c
+++ b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c
@@ -1774,6 +1774,7 @@ fill_extraUpdatedCols(RangeTblEntry *target_rte, Relation target_relation)
 	}
 }
 
+
 /*
  * matchLocks -
  *	  match the list of locks and returns the matching rules
@@ -3946,6 +3947,9 @@ RewriteQuery(Query *parsetree, List *rewrite_events)
 		/*
 		 * XXX MERGE doesn't support write rules because they would violate
 		 * the SQL Standard spec and would be unclear how they should work.
+		 *
+		 * XXX So does't support means 'ignores'? Should that either fail
+		 * or at least print some warning?
 		 */
 		if (event == CMD_MERGE)
 			product_queries = NIL;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
index 0281351dcf..7a768a7b5b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
@@ -2312,6 +2312,7 @@ varstrfastcmp_locale(char *a1p, int len1, char *a2p, int len2, SortSupport ssup)
 	int			result;
 	bool		arg1_match;
 
+	/* XXX Huh? Why is this in MERGE patch? */
 	if (len1 < 0 || len2 < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_CORRUPTED),
@@ -2505,6 +2506,7 @@ varstr_abbrev_convert(Datum original, SortSupport ssup)
 	memset(pres, 0, sizeof(Datum));
 	len = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(authoritative);
 
+	/* XXX Huh? Why is this in MERGE patch? */
 	if (len < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_CORRUPTED),
@@ -3260,6 +3262,7 @@ bytea_catenate(bytea *t1, bytea *t2)
 	len1 = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(t1);
 	len2 = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(t2);
 
+	/* XXX Huh? Why is this in MERGE patch? */
 	if (len1 < 0 || len2 < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_CORRUPTED),
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
index 3cba38044e..08fea9b8f7 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
@@ -172,6 +172,7 @@ typedef struct Query
 	List	   *withCheckOptions;	/* a list of WithCheckOption's (added
 									 * during rewrite) */
 
+	/* XXX Why not mergeTragetRelation? */
 	int			mergeTarget_relation;
 	List	   *mergeSourceTargetList;
 	List	   *mergeActionList;	/* list of actions for MERGE (only) */
@@ -1581,11 +1582,11 @@ typedef struct UpdateStmt
 typedef struct MergeStmt
 {
 	NodeTag		type;
-	RangeVar   *relation;		/* target relation to merge into */
+	RangeVar   *relation;			/* target relation to merge into */
 	Node	   *source_relation;	/* source relation */
-	Node	   *join_condition; /* join condition between source and target */
+	Node	   *join_condition; 	/* join condition between source and target */
 	List	   *mergeWhenClauses;	/* list of MergeWhenClause(es) */
-	WithClause *withClause;		/* WITH clause */
+	WithClause *withClause;			/* WITH clause */
 } MergeStmt;
 
 typedef struct MergeWhenClause
-- 
2.26.2


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v60 13/17] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory.
@ 2021-04-05 02:35 Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2021-04-05 02:35 UTC (permalink / raw)

TODO:
- verify all AFIXMEs
- Tests for stats dropping:
  - write regression test verifying that BEGIN;CREATE;USE;DROP; doesn't
    leave stats behind (for functions, tables).
  - same, but with different subtransaction cases
  - write tap test checking stats being dropped on replicas
  - think about / document checkpointer race conditions
  - check what needs to be done for index (and matview, ...?) stats
- consistent naming around replacing "stats collector"
  references. Don't like "activity statistics".
- Document stats_fetch_consistency / adjust existing documentation
  around stats fetching

Previously activity statistics is collected via sockets and shared
among backends through files periodically. Such files reaches tens of
megabytes and are created at most every 1 second and such large data
is serialized by stats collector then de-serialized on every backend
periodically. To evade that large cost, this patch places activity
statistics data on shared memory. Each backend accumulates statistics
numbers locally then tries to move them onto the shared statistics at
every transaction end but with intervals not shorter than 10 seconds.
Until 60 second has elapsed since the last flushing to shared stats,
lock failure postpones stats flushing to try to alleviate lock
contention that slows down transactions.  Finally stats flush waits
for locks so that shared statistics doesn't get stale.

Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Author: Andres Freund <[email protected]>
---
 src/include/access/xact.h                     |   26 +-
 src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat               |    5 +
 src/include/miscadmin.h                       |    2 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  692 +--
 src/include/storage/lwlock.h                  |    1 +
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  438 +-
 src/include/utils/timeout.h                   |    1 +
 src/include/utils/wait_event.h                |    2 +-
 src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c      |    4 +-
 src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c          |    2 +-
 src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c        |   51 +
 src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c         |   53 +
 src/backend/access/transam/xact.c             |   69 +-
 src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c             |   25 +-
 src/backend/catalog/heap.c                    |    7 +
 src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c                 |    4 +
 src/backend/commands/analyze.c                |    7 +-
 src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c             |    2 +-
 src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c           |    2 +
 src/backend/commands/matview.c                |    8 +-
 src/backend/commands/vacuum.c                 |    4 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c           |   68 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c             |    4 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c         |   36 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c               |   12 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c               | 5456 ++++++-----------
 src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c           |   89 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c            |    6 +-
 src/backend/replication/basebackup.c          |    4 +-
 src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c     |    3 +-
 src/backend/replication/slot.c                |   18 +-
 src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c           |    8 +-
 src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c                |    2 +
 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c             |    4 +-
 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt      |    1 +
 src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c               |    5 -
 src/backend/tcop/postgres.c                   |   41 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |  286 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |  179 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c    |  740 ++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  703 ++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c       |    4 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c           |   26 +-
 src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c            |    4 +
 src/backend/utils/init/globals.c              |    1 +
 src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c             |    3 -
 src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c             |   12 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c                  |   20 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample |    2 +-
 src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl  |    4 +-
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |    3 +-
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out         | 1409 +++++
 src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule         |    2 +
 src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec           |  282 +
 src/test/regress/expected/stats.out           |  388 ++
 src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql                |  172 +
 src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list              |   44 +-
 57 files changed, 6405 insertions(+), 5041 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
 create mode 100644 src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec

diff --git a/src/include/access/xact.h b/src/include/access/xact.h
index f49a57b35e1..803244911a7 100644
--- a/src/include/access/xact.h
+++ b/src/include/access/xact.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "datatype/timestamp.h"
 #include "lib/stringinfo.h"
 #include "nodes/pg_list.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
 #include "storage/relfilenode.h"
 #include "storage/sinval.h"
 
@@ -172,6 +173,7 @@ typedef void (*SubXactCallback) (SubXactEvent event, SubTransactionId mySubid,
 #define XACT_XINFO_HAS_ORIGIN			(1U << 5)
 #define XACT_XINFO_HAS_AE_LOCKS			(1U << 6)
 #define XACT_XINFO_HAS_GID				(1U << 7)
+#define XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS	(1U << 8)
 
 /*
  * Also stored in xinfo, these indicating a variety of additional actions that
@@ -222,7 +224,7 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_assignment
 typedef struct xl_xact_xinfo
 {
 	/*
-	 * Even though we right now only require 1 byte of space in xinfo we use
+	 * Even though we right now only require two bytes of space in xinfo we use
 	 * four so following records don't have to care about alignment. Commit
 	 * records can be large, so copying large portions isn't attractive.
 	 */
@@ -249,6 +251,13 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_relfilenodes
 } xl_xact_relfilenodes;
 #define MinSizeOfXactRelfilenodes offsetof(xl_xact_relfilenodes, xnodes)
 
+typedef struct xl_xact_dropped_stats
+{
+	int		ndropped;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem dropped_stats[FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER];
+} xl_xact_dropped_stats;
+#define MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats offsetof(xl_xact_dropped_stats, dropped_stats)
+
 typedef struct xl_xact_invals
 {
 	int			nmsgs;			/* number of shared inval msgs */
@@ -275,6 +284,7 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_commit
 	/* xl_xact_dbinfo follows if XINFO_HAS_DBINFO */
 	/* xl_xact_subxacts follows if XINFO_HAS_SUBXACT */
 	/* xl_xact_relfilenodes follows if XINFO_HAS_RELFILENODES */
+	/* xl_xact_dropped_stats follows if XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS */
 	/* xl_xact_invals follows if XINFO_HAS_INVALS */
 	/* xl_xact_twophase follows if XINFO_HAS_TWOPHASE */
 	/* twophase_gid follows if XINFO_HAS_GID. As a null-terminated string. */
@@ -308,6 +318,8 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_prepare
 	int32		nsubxacts;		/* number of following subxact XIDs */
 	int32		ncommitrels;	/* number of delete-on-commit rels */
 	int32		nabortrels;		/* number of delete-on-abort rels */
+	int32		ncommitdroppedstats;  /* number of stats to drop on commit */
+	int32		nabortdroppedstats;  /* number of stats to drop on abort */
 	int32		ninvalmsgs;		/* number of cache invalidation messages */
 	bool		initfileinval;	/* does relcache init file need invalidation? */
 	uint16		gidlen;			/* length of the GID - GID follows the header */
@@ -334,6 +346,9 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_parsed_commit
 	int			nrels;
 	RelFileNode *xnodes;
 
+	int			ndroppedstats;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats;
+
 	int			nmsgs;
 	SharedInvalidationMessage *msgs;
 
@@ -341,6 +356,8 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_parsed_commit
 	char		twophase_gid[GIDSIZE];	/* only for 2PC */
 	int			nabortrels;		/* only for 2PC */
 	RelFileNode *abortnodes;	/* only for 2PC */
+	int			nabortdroppedstats;		/* only for 2PC */
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *abortdroppedstats; /* only for 2PC */
 
 	XLogRecPtr	origin_lsn;
 	TimestampTz origin_timestamp;
@@ -362,6 +379,9 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_parsed_abort
 	int			nrels;
 	RelFileNode *xnodes;
 
+	int			ndroppedstats;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats;
+
 	TransactionId twophase_xid; /* only for 2PC */
 	char		twophase_gid[GIDSIZE];	/* only for 2PC */
 
@@ -441,6 +461,8 @@ extern int	xactGetCommittedChildren(TransactionId **ptr);
 extern XLogRecPtr XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 									  int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts,
 									  int nrels, RelFileNode *rels,
+									  int ndroppedstats,
+									  PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 									  int nmsgs, SharedInvalidationMessage *msgs,
 									  bool relcacheInval,
 									  int xactflags,
@@ -450,6 +472,8 @@ extern XLogRecPtr XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 extern XLogRecPtr XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 									 int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts,
 									 int nrels, RelFileNode *rels,
+									 int ndroppedstats,
+									 PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 									 int xactflags, TransactionId twophase_xid,
 									 const char *twophase_gid);
 extern void xact_redo(XLogReaderState *record);
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
index 69ffd0c3f4d..9cb1ca7eaad 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
@@ -5660,6 +5660,11 @@
   proname => 'pg_stat_clear_snapshot', proisstrict => 'f', provolatile => 'v',
   proparallel => 'r', prorettype => 'void', proargtypes => '',
   prosrc => 'pg_stat_clear_snapshot' },
+{ oid => '2137',
+  descr => 'statistics: force stats to be flushed after the next commit',
+  proname => 'pg_stat_force_next_flush', proisstrict => 'f', provolatile => 'v',
+  proparallel => 'r', prorettype => 'void', proargtypes => '',
+  prosrc => 'pg_stat_force_next_flush' },
 { oid => '2274',
   descr => 'statistics: reset collected statistics for current database',
   proname => 'pg_stat_reset', proisstrict => 'f', provolatile => 'v',
diff --git a/src/include/miscadmin.h b/src/include/miscadmin.h
index 6f8251e0b07..99a815b5477 100644
--- a/src/include/miscadmin.h
+++ b/src/include/miscadmin.h
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ProcDiePending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending;
 
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t CheckClientConnectionPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ClientConnectionLost;
@@ -321,7 +322,6 @@ typedef enum BackendType
 	B_WAL_SENDER,
 	B_WAL_WRITER,
 	B_ARCHIVER,
-	B_STATS_COLLECTOR,
 	B_LOGGER,
 } BackendType;
 
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index 598ff2e6afc..86f1ba300e1 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /* ----------
  *	pgstat.h
  *
- *	Definitions for the PostgreSQL statistics collector daemon.
+ *	Definitions for the PostgreSQL activity statistics facility.
  *
  *	Copyright (c) 2001-2021, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@
 #define PGSTAT_H
 
 #include "datatype/timestamp.h"
+#include "executor/instrument.h"
 #include "portability/instr_time.h"
 #include "postmaster/pgarch.h" /* for MAX_XFN_CHARS */
 #include "utils/backend_progress.h" /* for backward compatibility */
 #include "utils/backend_status.h" /* for backward compatibility */
-#include "utils/hsearch.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h" /* for backward compatibility */
 
@@ -26,12 +26,30 @@
  * ----------
  */
 #define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY		"pg_stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/global.stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/global.tmp"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/saved_stats"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/saved_stats.tmp"
 
 /* Default directory to store temporary statistics data in */
 #define PG_STAT_TMP_DIR		"pg_stat_tmp"
 
+/* The types of statistics entries */
+typedef enum PgStatKind
+{
+	/* stats with a variable number of entries */
+	PGSTAT_KIND_DB,				/* database-wide statistics */
+	PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,			/* per-table statistics */
+	PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,		/* per-function statistics */
+
+	/* stats with a constant number of entries */
+	PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_WAL,
+} PgStatKind;
+#define PGSTAT_KIND_LAST PGSTAT_KIND_WAL
+
 /* Values for track_functions GUC variable --- order is significant! */
 typedef enum TrackFunctionsLevel
 {
@@ -40,6 +58,13 @@ typedef enum TrackFunctionsLevel
 	TRACK_FUNC_ALL
 }			TrackFunctionsLevel;
 
+typedef enum PgStatsFetchConsistency
+{
+	STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE,
+	STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE,
+	STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT,
+} PgStatsFetchConsistency;
+
 /* Values to track the cause of session termination */
 typedef enum SessionEndType
 {
@@ -81,9 +106,8 @@ typedef enum PgStat_Single_Reset_Type
  * PgStat_TableCounts			The actual per-table counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
- * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state) and
- * PgStat_TableEntry (the transmitted message format).
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any stats updates to apply.
+ * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state).
  *
  * Note: for a table, tuples_returned is the number of tuples successfully
  * fetched by heap_getnext, while tuples_fetched is the number of tuples
@@ -136,10 +160,9 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableCounts
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_TableStatus
 {
-	Oid			t_id;			/* table's OID */
-	bool		t_shared;		/* is it a shared catalog? */
 	struct PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans;	/* lowest subxact's counts */
 	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;	/* event counts to be sent */
+	Relation	relation;			/* rel that is using this entry */
 } PgStat_TableStatus;
 
 /* ----------
@@ -170,10 +193,10 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableXactStatus
  * PgStat_FunctionCounts	The actual per-function counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to write.
  *
  * Note that the time counters are in instr_time format here.  We convert to
- * microseconds in PgStat_Counter format when transmitting to the collector.
+ * microseconds in PgStat_Counter format when updating the shared statistics.
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCounts
@@ -189,7 +212,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCounts
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
 {
-	Oid			f_id;
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts f_counts;
 } PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry;
 
@@ -211,510 +233,7 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Message formats follow
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
- */
-
-/* ----------
- * The types of backend -> collector messages
- * ----------
- */
-typedef enum StatMsgType
-{
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECTION,
-} StatMsgType;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgHdr				The common message header
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgHdr
-{
-	StatMsgType m_type;
-	int			m_size;
-} PgStat_MsgHdr;
-
-/* ----------
- * Space available in a message.  This will keep the UDP packets below 1K,
- * which should fit unfragmented into the MTU of the loopback interface.
- * (Larger values of PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would work for that on most
- * platforms, but we're being conservative here.)
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE 1000
-#define PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD	(PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE - sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDummy				A dummy message, ignored by the collector
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDummy
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-} PgStat_MsgDummy;
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgInquiry			Sent by a backend to ask the collector
- *								to write the stats file(s).
- *
- * Ordinarily, an inquiry message prompts writing of the global stats file,
- * the stats file for shared catalogs, and the stats file for the specified
- * database.  If databaseid is InvalidOid, only the first two are written.
- *
- * New file(s) will be written only if the existing file has a timestamp
- * older than the specified cutoff_time; this prevents duplicated effort
- * when multiple requests arrive at nearly the same time, assuming that
- * backends send requests with cutoff_times a little bit in the past.
- *
- * clock_time should be the requestor's current local time; the collector
- * uses this to check for the system clock going backward, but it has no
- * effect unless that occurs.  We assume clock_time >= cutoff_time, though.
- * ----------
- */
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgInquiry
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	TimestampTz clock_time;		/* observed local clock time */
-	TimestampTz cutoff_time;	/* minimum acceptable file timestamp */
-	Oid			databaseid;		/* requested DB (InvalidOid => shared only) */
-} PgStat_MsgInquiry;
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_TableEntry			Per-table info in a MsgTabstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_TableEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;
-} PgStat_TableEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabstat			Sent by the backend to report table
- *								and buffer access statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - 3 * sizeof(int) - 2 * sizeof(PgStat_Counter))	\
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	int			m_xact_commit;
-	int			m_xact_rollback;
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_read_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_write_time;
-	PgStat_TableEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgTabstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead tables.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_tableid[PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgTabpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDropdb				Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a dropped database
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDropdb
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDropdb;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetcounter		Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset counters
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a shared counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Shared_Reset_Target m_resettarget;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a single counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_Single_Reset_Type m_resettype;
-	Oid			m_objectid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a SLRU counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	int			m_index;
-} PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset replication slot counter(s)
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	char		m_slotname[NAMEDATALEN];
-	bool		clearall;
-} PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAutovacStart		Sent by the autovacuum daemon to signal
- *								that a database is going to be processed
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	TimestampTz m_start_time;
-} PgStat_MsgAutovacStart;
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgVacuum				Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after VACUUM
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgVacuum
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	TimestampTz m_vacuumtime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgVacuum;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAnalyze			Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after ANALYZE
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	bool		m_resetcounter;
-	TimestampTz m_analyzetime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgAnalyze;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgArchiver			Sent by the archiver to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgArchiver
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	bool		m_failed;		/* Failed attempt */
-	char		m_xlog[MAX_XFN_CHARS + 1];
-	TimestampTz m_timestamp;
-} PgStat_MsgArchiver;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgBgWriter			Sent by the bgwriter to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_maxwritten_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_alloc;
-} PgStat_MsgBgWriter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgCheckpointer  Sent by the checkpointer to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgCheckpointer
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_timed_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_requested_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_fsync_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_write_time; /* times in milliseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-} PgStat_MsgCheckpointer;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgWal			Sent by backends and background processes to update WAL statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgWal
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_records;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_fpi;
-	uint64		m_wal_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_buffers_full;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write_time;	/* time spent writing wal records in
-										 * microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync_time; /* time spent syncing wal records in
-									 * microseconds */
-} PgStat_MsgWal;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSLRU			Sent by a backend to update SLRU statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSLRU
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_index;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_zeroed;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_hit;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_read;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_written;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_exists;
-	PgStat_Counter m_flush;
-	PgStat_Counter m_truncate;
-} PgStat_MsgSLRU;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgReplSlot	Sent by a backend or a wal sender to update replication
- *						slot statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	char		m_slotname[NAMEDATALEN];
-	bool		m_drop;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_bytes;
-} PgStat_MsgReplSlot;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict	Sent by the backend upon recovery conflict
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_reason;
-} PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTempFile	Sent by the backend upon creating a temp file
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTempFile
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	size_t		m_filesize;
-} PgStat_MsgTempFile;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_FunctionEntry			Per-function info in a MsgFuncstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_FunctionEntry
-{
-	Oid			f_id;
-	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
-	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter f_self_time;
-} PgStat_FunctionEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncstat			Sent by the backend to report function
- *								usage statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES	\
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead functions.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_functionid[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDeadlock			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a deadlock that occurred.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDeadlock;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure	Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about checksum failures noticed.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_failurecount;
-	TimestampTz m_failure_time;
-} PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgConn			Sent by the backend to update connection statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgConn
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_Counter m_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_session_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_active_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_idle_in_xact_time;
-	SessionEndType m_disconnect;
-} PgStat_MsgConn;
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_Msg					Union over all possible messages.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef union PgStat_Msg
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr msg_hdr;
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg_dummy;
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg_inquiry;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat msg_tabstat;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg_tabpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg_dropdb;
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg_resetcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg_resetsharedcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg_resetsinglecounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg_resetslrucounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg_resetreplslotcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg_autovacuum_start;
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg_vacuum;
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg_analyze;
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg_archiver;
-	PgStat_MsgBgWriter msg_bgwriter;
-	PgStat_MsgCheckpointer msg_checkpointer;
-	PgStat_MsgWal msg_wal;
-	PgStat_MsgSLRU msg_slru;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg_funcstat;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge msg_funcpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg_recoveryconflict;
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg_deadlock;
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg_tempfile;
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg_checksumfailure;
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg_replslot;
-	PgStat_MsgConn msg_conn;
-} PgStat_Msg;
-
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Statistic collector data structures follow
+ * Activity statistics data structures on file and shared memory follow
  *
  * PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID should be changed whenever any of these
  * data structures change.
@@ -724,12 +243,11 @@ typedef union PgStat_Msg
 #define PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID	0x01A5BCA1
 
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_StatDBEntry			The collector's data per database
+ * PgStat_StatDBEntry			The per database statistics
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 {
-	Oid			databaseid;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_commit;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_rollback;
 	PgStat_Counter n_blocks_fetched;
@@ -761,25 +279,15 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 	PgStat_Counter n_sessions_killed;
 
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of db stats file update */
-
-	/*
-	 * tables and functions must be last in the struct, because we don't write
-	 * the pointers out to the stats file.
-	 */
-	HTAB	   *tables;
-	HTAB	   *functions;
 } PgStat_StatDBEntry;
 
 
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_StatTabEntry			The collector's data per table (or index)
+ * PgStat_StatTabEntry			The per table (or index) statistics
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_StatTabEntry
 {
-	Oid			tableid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter numscans;
 
 	PgStat_Counter tuples_returned;
@@ -810,13 +318,11 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatTabEntry
 
 
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_StatFuncEntry			The collector's data per function
+ * PgStat_StatFuncEntry			The per function statistics
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 {
-	Oid			functionid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
 
 	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
@@ -824,9 +330,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 } PgStat_StatFuncEntry;
 
 
-/*
- * Archiver statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_ArchiverStats
 {
 	PgStat_Counter archived_count;	/* archival successes */
@@ -840,9 +343,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_ArchiverStats
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
 } PgStat_ArchiverStats;
 
-/*
- * Background writer statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_BgWriterStats
 {
 	PgStat_Counter buf_written_clean;
@@ -851,12 +351,8 @@ typedef struct PgStat_BgWriterStats
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
 } PgStat_BgWriterStats;
 
-/*
- * Checkpointer statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 {
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
 	PgStat_Counter timed_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter requested_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter checkpoint_write_time;	/* times in milliseconds */
@@ -866,22 +362,12 @@ typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 	PgStat_Counter buf_fsync_backend;
 } PgStat_CheckpointerStats;
 
-/*
- * Global statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_GlobalStats
-{
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
-
-	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
-	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
-} PgStat_GlobalStats;
-
-/*
- * Replication slot statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_ReplSlotStats
 {
+	/*
+	 * AFIXME: This index needs to be removed. See note in pgstat_read_statsfile()
+	 */
+	uint32		index;
 	char		slotname[NAMEDATALEN];
 	PgStat_Counter spill_txns;
 	PgStat_Counter spill_count;
@@ -892,9 +378,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_ReplSlotStats
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
 } PgStat_ReplSlotStats;
 
-/*
- * SLRU statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_SLRUStats
 {
 	PgStat_Counter blocks_zeroed;
@@ -907,14 +390,10 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SLRUStats
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
 } PgStat_SLRUStats;
 
-/*
- * WAL statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_WalStats
 {
-	PgStat_Counter wal_records;
-	PgStat_Counter wal_fpi;
-	uint64		wal_bytes;
+	/* AFIXME: I don't think the use of WalUsage here is a good idea */
+	WalUsage	   wal_usage;
 	PgStat_Counter wal_buffers_full;
 	PgStat_Counter wal_write;
 	PgStat_Counter wal_sync;
@@ -924,20 +403,35 @@ typedef struct PgStat_WalStats
 } PgStat_WalStats;
 
 
+/* ----------
+ * WAL logging integration
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * A transactionally dropped statistics entry.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_DroppedStatsItem
+{
+	PgStatKind	kind;
+	Oid			dboid;
+	Oid			objoid;
+} PgStat_DroppedStatsItem;
+
+
 /* ----------
  * pgstat.c - statistics infrastructure
  * ----------
  */
 
 /* functions called from postmaster */
-extern void pgstat_init(void);
-extern void pgstat_reset_all(void);
-extern int	pgstat_start(void);
-extern void allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void);
+extern Size StatsShmemSize(void);
+extern void StatsShmemInit(void);
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-extern void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
-#endif
+/* Functions called during server startup / shutdown */
+extern void pgstat_restore_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_discard_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg);
 
 /* Functions for backend initialization */
 extern void pgstat_initialize(void);
@@ -952,19 +446,24 @@ extern void pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 extern void pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 									  void *recdata, uint32 len);
 extern void pgstat_clear_snapshot(void);
+extern int pgstat_pending_stats_drops(bool isCommit, struct PgStat_DroppedStatsItem **items);
+extern void pgstat_perform_drops(int ndrops, struct PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *items, bool is_redo);
 
 /* Functions called from backends */
-extern void pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
+extern long pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
+extern void pgstat_force_next_flush(void);
 extern void pgstat_vacuum_stat(void);
 extern void pgstat_reset_counters(void);
 extern void pgstat_reset_single_counter(Oid objectid, PgStat_Single_Reset_Type type);
-extern void pgstat_ping(void);
-extern PgStat_GlobalStats *pgstat_fetch_global(void);
+extern TimestampTz pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot);
 
 /* GUC parameters */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT bool pgstat_track_counts;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_track_functions;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_fetch_consistency;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_directory;
+
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 extern char *pgstat_stat_tmpname;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_filename;
 
@@ -1015,6 +514,9 @@ extern SessionEndType pgStatSessionEndCause;
  * ----------
  */
 
+extern void pgstat_create_function(Oid proid);
+extern void pgstat_drop_function(Oid proid);
+
 struct FunctionCallInfoBaseData;
 extern void pgstat_init_function_usage(struct FunctionCallInfoBaseData *fcinfo,
 									   PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu);
@@ -1033,24 +535,24 @@ extern PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id);
 extern void pgstat_reset_shared_counters(const char *);
 
 /* archiver stats */
-extern void pgstat_send_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
+extern void pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
 extern PgStat_ArchiverStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void);
 
 /* bgwriter stats */
-extern void pgstat_send_bgwriter(void);
+extern void pgstat_report_bgwriter(void);
 extern PgStat_BgWriterStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void);
 
 /* checkpointer stats */
-extern void pgstat_send_checkpointer(void);
+extern void pgstat_report_checkpointer(void);
 extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void);
 
 /* replication slot stats */
 extern void pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name);
-extern void pgstat_report_replslot(const char *slotname, PgStat_Counter spilltxns,
-								   PgStat_Counter spillcount, PgStat_Counter spillbytes,
-								   PgStat_Counter streamtxns, PgStat_Counter streamcount,
-								   PgStat_Counter streambytes);
-extern void pgstat_report_replslot_drop(const char *slotname);
+extern void pgstat_report_replslot(uint32 index, const char *slotname,
+								   PgStat_Counter spilltxns, PgStat_Counter spillcount,
+								   PgStat_Counter spillbytes, PgStat_Counter streamtxns,
+								   PgStat_Counter streamcount, PgStat_Counter streambytes);
+extern void pgstat_report_replslot_drop(uint32 index, const char *slotname);
 extern PgStat_ReplSlotStats *pgstat_fetch_replslot(int *nslots_p);
 
 /* slru stats */
@@ -1067,25 +569,24 @@ extern int	pgstat_slru_index(const char *name);
 extern PgStat_SLRUStats *pgstat_fetch_slru(void);
 
 /* wal stats */
-extern void pgstat_report_wal(void);
-extern bool pgstat_send_wal(bool force);
+extern void pgstat_report_wal(bool force);
 extern PgStat_WalStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void);
 
 /*
  * BgWriter statistics counters are updated directly by bgwriter and bufmgr
  */
-extern PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
+extern PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats;
 
 /*
  * Checkpointer statistics counters are updated directly by checkpointer and
  * bufmgr.
  */
-extern PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
+extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats;
 
 /*
  * WAL statistics counter is updated by backends and background processes
  */
-extern PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
+extern PgStat_WalStats WalStats;
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -1093,10 +594,13 @@ extern PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
  * ----------
  */
 
+extern void pgstat_create_relation(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel);
 extern void pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dstrel, Relation srcrel);
 
 extern void pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel);
 extern void pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_relation_delink(Relation rel);
 
 extern void pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
@@ -1105,8 +609,14 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 								  PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples,
 								  bool resetcounter);
 
-#define pgstat_relation_should_count(rel)                           \
-	(likely((rel)->pgstat_info != NULL) ? true :                    \
+/*
+ * AFIXME: pgstat_enabled should instead be tri-valued (disabled,
+ * needs-initialization, initialized). Then we don't need to check two
+ * separate variables.
+ *
+ */
+#define pgstat_relation_should_count(rel)							\
+	(likely((rel)->pgstat_info != NULL) ? true :					\
 	 ((rel)->pgstat_enabled ? pgstat_relation_assoc(rel), true : false))
 
 /* nontransactional event counts are simple enough to inline */
@@ -1154,6 +664,8 @@ extern void pgstat_count_truncate(Relation rel);
 extern void pgstat_update_heap_dead_tuples(Relation rel, int delta);
 
 extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid);
+extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(bool shared,
+																Oid relid);
 extern PgStat_TableStatus *find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id);
 
 #endif							/* PGSTAT_H */
diff --git a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
index a8f052e4845..aabc6d8b4d7 100644
--- a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
+++ b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
@@ -189,6 +189,7 @@ typedef enum BuiltinTrancheIds
 	LWTRANCHE_SHARED_TIDBITMAP,
 	LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND,
 	LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST,
+	LWTRANCHE_STATS,
 	LWTRANCHE_FIRST_USER_DEFINED
 }			BuiltinTrancheIds;
 
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index f4cc1e7164e..bc6c5bea67c 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -14,21 +14,107 @@
 #define PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H
 
 
+#include "access/xact.h"
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
+#include "lib/ilist.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
-#include "port.h"
-#include "executor/instrument.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
+#include "utils/dsa.h"
 
 
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL	500 /* Minimum time between stats file
-									 * updates; in milliseconds. */
-
-/* ----------
- * The initial size hints for the hash tables used in the collector.
- * ----------
+/*
+ * Types to define shared statistics structure.
+ *
+ * Per-object statistics are stored in the "shared stats" hashtable. That
+ * table's entries (PgStatShmHashEntry) contain a pointer to the actual stats
+ * data for the object (the size of the stats data varies depending on the
+ * kind of stats). The table is keyed by PgStatHashKey.
+ *
+ * Once a backend has a reference to a shared stats entry, it increments the
+ * entry's refcount. Even after stats data is dropped (e.g. due to a DROP
+ * TABLE), the entry itself can only be deleted once all references have been
+ * released.
+ *
+ * These refcounts, in combination with a backend local hashtable
+ * (pgStatSharedRefHash, with entries pointing to PgStatSharedRef) in front of
+ * the shared hash table, mean that most stats work can happen without
+ * touching the shared hash table, reducing contention.
+ *
+ * Once there are pending stats updates for a table PgStatSharedRef->pending
+ * is allocated to contain a working space for as-of-yet-unapplied stats
+ * updates. Once the stats are flushed, PgStatSharedRef->pending is freed.
+ *
+ * Each stat kind in the shared hash table has a fixed member
+ * PgStat_HashEntryHeader as the first element.
  */
-#define PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE		16
-#define PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE	512
-#define PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE	512
+
+/* struct for shared statistics hash entry key. */
+typedef struct PgStatHashKey
+{
+	PgStatKind	kind;			/* statistics entry kind */
+	Oid			dboid;		/* database ID. InvalidOid for shared objects. */
+	Oid			objoid;		/* object ID, either table or function. */
+} PgStatHashKey;
+
+/* struct for shared statistics hash entry */
+typedef struct PgStatShmHashEntry
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;			/* hash key */
+
+	/*
+	 * If dropped is set, backends need to release their references so that
+	 * the memory for the entry can be freed.
+	 */
+	bool		dropped;
+
+	/*
+	 * Refcount managing lifetime of the entry itself (as opposed to the
+	 * dshash entry pointing to it). The stats lifetime has to be separate
+	 * from the hash table entry lifetime because we allow backends to point
+	 * to a stats entry without holding a hash table lock (and some other
+	 * reasons).
+	 *
+	 * As long as the entry is not dropped 1 is added to the refcount
+	 * representing that it should not be dropped. In addition each backend
+	 * that has a reference to the entry needs to increment the refcount as
+	 * long as it does.
+	 *
+	 * When the refcount reaches 0 the entry needs to be freed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint32  refcount;
+
+	LWLock		lock;
+	dsa_pointer body;			/* pointer to shared stats in
+								 * PgStat_StatEntryHeader */
+} PgStatShmHashEntry;
+
+/*
+ * Common header struct for PgStatShm_Stat*Entry.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader
+{
+	uint32		magic;				/* just a validity cross-check */
+} PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader;
+
+/*
+ * A backend local reference to a shared stats entry. As long as at least one
+ * such reference exists, the shared stats entry will not be released.
+ *
+ * If there are pending stats update to the shared stats, these are stored in
+ * ->pending.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatSharedRef
+{
+	/*
+	 * Pointers to both the hash table entry pgStatSharedHash, and the stats
+	 * (as a local pointer, to avoid dsa_get_address()).
+	 */
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *shared_entry;
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *shared_stats;
+
+	dlist_node	pending_node;	/* membership in pgStatPending list */
+	void	   *pending;		/* the pending data itself */
+} PgStatSharedRef;
 
 
 /*
@@ -42,6 +128,16 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
 
 	struct PgStat_SubXactStatus *prev;	/* higher-level subxact if any */
 
+	/*
+	 * Dropping the statistics for objects that dropped transactionally itself
+	 * needs to be transactional. Therefore we collect the stats dropped in
+	 * the current (sub-)transaction and only execute the stats drop when we
+	 * know if the transaction commits/aborts. To handle replicas and crashes,
+	 * stats drops are included in commit records.
+	 */
+	dlist_head	pending_drops;
+	int			pending_drops_count;
+
 	/*
 	 * Tuple insertion/deletion counts for an open transaction can't be
 	 * propagated into PgStat_TableStatus counters until we know if it is
@@ -54,10 +150,64 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
 } PgStat_SubXactStatus;
 
 
+/*
+ * Metadata for a specific kinds of statistics.
+ */
+typedef struct pgstat_kind_info
+{
+	/*
+	 * Is this kind of stats global (i.e. a precise number exists)
+	 * or not (e.g. tables).
+	 */
+	bool is_global : 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Can stats of this kind be accessed from another database? Determines
+	 * whether a stats object gets included in stats snapshots.
+	 */
+	bool accessed_across_databases : 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of an entry in the shared stats hash table (pointed to by
+	 * PgStatShmHashEntry->body).
+	 */
+	uint32 shared_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The offset/size of the statistics inside the shared stats entry. This
+	 * is used to e.g. avoid touching lwlocks when serializing / restoring
+	 * stats snapshot serialized to / from disk respectively.
+	 */
+	uint32 shared_data_off;
+	uint32 shared_data_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of the pending data for this kind. E.g. how large
+	 * PgStatPendingEntry->pending is. Used for allocations.
+	 *
+	 * -1 signal that an entry of this kind should never have a pending entry.
+	 */
+	uint32 pending_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * For global statistics: Fetch a snapshot of appropriate global stats.
+	 */
+	void (*snapshot_cb)(void);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable number stats: flush pending stats.
+	 */
+	bool (*flush_pending_cb)(PgStatSharedRef *sr, bool nowait);
+} pgstat_kind_info;
+
+
 /*
  * List of SLRU names that we keep stats for.  There is no central registry of
  * SLRUs, so we use this fixed list instead.  The "other" entry is used for
  * all SLRUs without an explicit entry (e.g. SLRUs in extensions).
+ *
+ * This is only defined here so that SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS is known for later type
+ * definitions.
  */
 static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 	"CommitTs",
@@ -73,43 +223,207 @@ static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 #define SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS	lengthof(slru_names)
 
 
+typedef struct PgStatShmemGlobal
+{
+	void   *raw_dsa_area;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats for objects for which a variable number exists are kept in this
+	 * shared hash table. See comment above PgStatKind for details.
+	 */
+	dshash_table_handle hash_handle;	/* shared dbstat hash */
+
+	/* Has the stats system already been shut down? Just a debugging check. */
+	bool is_shutdown;
+
+	/*
+	 * Whenever the for a dropped stats entry could not be freed (because
+	 * backends still have references), this is incremented, causing backends
+	 * to run pgstat_lookup_cache_gc(), allowing that memory to be reclaimed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint64 gc_count;
+
+	/*
+	 * Global stats structs.
+	 *
+	 * For the various "changecount" members check the definition of struct
+	 * PgBackendStatus for some explanation.
+	 */
+	struct
+	{
+		PgStat_ArchiverStats stats;
+		uint32 changecount;
+		PgStat_ArchiverStats reset_offset;	/* protected by StatsLock */
+	} archiver;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		PgStat_BgWriterStats stats;
+		uint32 changecount;
+		PgStat_BgWriterStats reset_offset;	/* protected by StatsLock */
+	} bgwriter;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		PgStat_CheckpointerStats stats;
+		uint32 changecount;
+		PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset_offset;	/* protected by StatsLock */
+	} checkpointer;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		LWLock		lock;
+		PgStat_ReplSlotStats *stats;
+	} replslot;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		LWLock		lock;
+		PgStat_SLRUStats stats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+#define SizeOfSlruStats sizeof(PgStat_SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS])
+	} slru;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		LWLock		lock;
+		PgStat_WalStats stats;
+	} wal;
+} PgStatShmemGlobal;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of stats
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShm_StatDBEntry
+{
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader header;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry stats;
+} PgStatShm_StatDBEntry;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShm_StatTabEntry
+{
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader header;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry stats;
+} PgStatShm_StatTabEntry;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry
+{
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader header;
+	PgStat_StatFuncEntry stats;
+} PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Cached statistics snapshot
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatSnapshot
+{
+	PgStatsFetchConsistency mode;
+
+	/* time at which snapshot was taken */
+	TimestampTz snapshot_timestamp;
+
+	bool global_valid[PGSTAT_KIND_LAST + 1];
+
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats archiver;
+
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
+
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
+
+	int replslot_count;
+	PgStat_ReplSlotStats *replslot;
+
+	PgStat_SLRUStats slru[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+
+	PgStat_WalStats wal;
+
+	struct pgstat_snapshot_hash *stats;
+} PgStatSnapshot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Inline functions defined further below.
+ */
+
+static inline void changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline void changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline uint32 changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc);
+static inline bool changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 cc_before);
+
+static inline void pgstat_copy_global_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+											uint32 *cc);
+
+
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat.c
  */
 
+extern PgStatSharedRef *pgstat_shared_ref_get(PgStatKind kind,
+											  Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+											  bool create);
+extern bool pgstat_shared_stat_lock(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref);
+extern PgStatSharedRef *pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PgStatKind kind,
+												  Oid dboid,
+												  Oid objoid,
+												  bool nowait);
+
+extern PgStatSharedRef *pgstat_pending_prepare(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern PgStatSharedRef *pgstat_pending_fetch(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+
 extern PgStat_SubXactStatus *pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(int nest_level);
-extern void pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype);
-extern void pgstat_send(void *msg, int len);
+
+extern void pgstat_schedule_create(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_schedule_drop(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid);
+
+extern void* pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStatKind kind);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_database.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_connstats(bool disconnect, TimestampTz last_report);
+extern bool pgstat_flush_database(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_update_connstats(bool disconnect);
 extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_pending_db_prepare(Oid dboid);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_funcstats(void);
+extern bool pgstat_flush_function(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_global.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_slru(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_archiver(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_bgwriter(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_checkpointer(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_replslot(void);
+extern bool pgstat_flush_slru(bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_slru(void);
+extern bool pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait);
 extern void pgstat_wal_initialize(void);
+extern bool walstats_pending(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_wal(void);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_relation.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_tabstats(void);
+extern bool pgstat_flush_table(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait);
 extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit);
 extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit, int nestDepth);
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
@@ -120,7 +434,8 @@ extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
  * Variables in pgstat.c
  */
 
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
+extern PgStatShmemGlobal *pgStatShmem;
+extern PgStatSnapshot stats_snapshot;
 
 
 /*
@@ -132,17 +447,96 @@ extern int	pgStatXactRollback;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_functions.c
+ * Variables in pgstat_global.c
  */
 
-extern bool have_function_stats;
+extern bool have_slrustats;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_relation.c
+ * Implementation of inline functions declared above.
  */
 
-extern bool have_relation_stats;
+/*
+ * Helpers for changecount manipulation. See comments around struct
+ * PgBackendStatus for details.
+ */
+
+static inline void
+changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 0);
+
+	START_CRIT_SECTION();
+	(*cc)++;
+	pg_write_barrier();
+}
+
+static inline void
+changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 1);
+
+	pg_write_barrier();
+
+	(*cc)++;
+
+	END_CRIT_SECTION();
+}
+
+static inline uint32
+changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32 before_cc = *cc;
+
+	CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	return before_cc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns true if the read succeeded, false if it needs to be repeated.
+ */
+static inline bool
+changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 before_cc)
+{
+	uint32 after_cc;
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	after_cc = *cc;
+
+	/* was a write in progress when we started? */
+	if (before_cc & 1)
+		return false;
+
+	/* did writes start and complete while we read? */
+	return before_cc == after_cc;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_copy_global_stats - helper function for functions
+ *           pgstat_fetch_stat_*() and pgstat_reset_shared_counters().
+ *
+ * Copies out the specified memory area following change-count protocol.
+ */
+static inline void
+pgstat_copy_global_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+						 uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32 cc_before;
+
+	do
+	{
+		cc_before = changecount_before_read(cc);
+
+		memcpy(dst, src, len);
+	}
+	while (!changecount_after_read(cc, cc_before));
+}
 
 
 #endif							/* PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/timeout.h b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
index 93e6a691b3f..12050cbb655 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/timeout.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ typedef enum TimeoutId
 	STANDBY_LOCK_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_IN_TRANSACTION_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
+	IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
 	CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT,
 	/* First user-definable timeout reason */
 	USER_TIMEOUT,
diff --git a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
index 44448b48ec0..eef7de20417 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ typedef enum
 	WAIT_EVENT_CHECKPOINTER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_APPLY_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN,
-	WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN,
+	WAIT_EVENT_READING_STATS_FILE,
 	WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM,
 	WAIT_EVENT_SYSLOGGER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_WAL_RECEIVER_MAIN,
diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c b/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
index 7a9a640989a..aa18d53da04 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
@@ -1088,8 +1088,8 @@ heapam_scan_analyze_next_tuple(TableScanDesc scan, TransactionId OldestXmin,
 				 * our own.  In this case we should count and sample the row,
 				 * to accommodate users who load a table and analyze it in one
 				 * transaction.  (pgstat_report_analyze has to adjust the
-				 * numbers we send to the stats collector to make this come
-				 * out right.)
+				 * numbers we report to the activity stats facility to make
+				 * this come out right.)
 				 */
 				if (TransactionIdIsCurrentTransactionId(HeapTupleHeaderGetXmin(targtuple->t_data)))
 				{
diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c b/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c
index efe8761702d..f859e91f65d 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ heap_vacuum_rel(Relation onerel, VacuumParams *params,
 						new_min_multi,
 						false);
 
-	/* report results to the stats collector, too */
+	/* report results to the activity stats facility, too */
 	pgstat_report_vacuum(RelationGetRelid(onerel),
 						 onerel->rd_rel->relisshared,
 						 Max(new_live_tuples, 0),
diff --git a/src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c b/src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c
index 4b0d10f0735..f09b58e2c34 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c
@@ -83,6 +83,17 @@ ParseCommitRecord(uint8 info, xl_xact_commit *xlrec, xl_xact_parsed_commit *pars
 		data += xl_relfilenodes->nrels * sizeof(RelFileNode);
 	}
 
+	if (parsed->xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS)
+	{
+		xl_xact_dropped_stats *xl_drops = (xl_xact_dropped_stats *) data;
+
+		parsed->ndroppedstats = xl_drops->ndropped;
+		parsed->droppedstats = xl_drops->dropped_stats;
+
+		data += MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats;
+		data += xl_drops->ndropped * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem);
+	}
+
 	if (parsed->xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_INVALS)
 	{
 		xl_xact_invals *xl_invals = (xl_xact_invals *) data;
@@ -178,6 +189,17 @@ ParseAbortRecord(uint8 info, xl_xact_abort *xlrec, xl_xact_parsed_abort *parsed)
 		data += xl_relfilenodes->nrels * sizeof(RelFileNode);
 	}
 
+	if (parsed->xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS)
+	{
+		xl_xact_dropped_stats *xl_drops = (xl_xact_dropped_stats *) data;
+
+		parsed->ndroppedstats = xl_drops->ndropped;
+		parsed->droppedstats = xl_drops->dropped_stats;
+
+		data += MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats;
+		data += xl_drops->ndropped * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem);
+	}
+
 	if (parsed->xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_TWOPHASE)
 	{
 		xl_xact_twophase *xl_twophase = (xl_xact_twophase *) data;
@@ -243,6 +265,12 @@ ParsePrepareRecord(uint8 info, xl_xact_prepare *xlrec, xl_xact_parsed_prepare *p
 	parsed->abortnodes = (RelFileNode *) bufptr;
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(xlrec->nabortrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 
+	parsed->droppedstats = (PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *) bufptr;
+	bufptr += MAXALIGN(xlrec->ncommitdroppedstats * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+
+	parsed->abortdroppedstats = (PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *) bufptr;
+	bufptr += MAXALIGN(xlrec->nabortdroppedstats * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+
 	parsed->msgs = (SharedInvalidationMessage *) bufptr;
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(xlrec->ninvalmsgs * sizeof(SharedInvalidationMessage));
 }
@@ -279,6 +307,25 @@ xact_desc_subxacts(StringInfo buf, int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts)
 	}
 }
 
+static void
+xact_desc_dropped_stats(StringInfo buf, const char *label,
+						int ndropped, PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *dropped_stats)
+{
+	int			i;
+
+	if (ndropped > 0)
+	{
+		appendStringInfo(buf, "; %sdropped stats:", label);
+		for (i = 0; i < ndropped; i++)
+		{
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " %u/%u/%u",
+							 dropped_stats[i].kind,
+							 dropped_stats[i].dboid,
+							 dropped_stats[i].objoid);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static void
 xact_desc_commit(StringInfo buf, uint8 info, xl_xact_commit *xlrec, RepOriginId origin_id)
 {
@@ -294,6 +341,7 @@ xact_desc_commit(StringInfo buf, uint8 info, xl_xact_commit *xlrec, RepOriginId
 
 	xact_desc_relations(buf, "rels", parsed.nrels, parsed.xnodes);
 	xact_desc_subxacts(buf, parsed.nsubxacts, parsed.subxacts);
+	xact_desc_dropped_stats(buf, "", parsed.ndroppedstats, parsed.droppedstats);
 
 	standby_desc_invalidations(buf, parsed.nmsgs, parsed.msgs, parsed.dbId,
 							   parsed.tsId,
@@ -326,6 +374,7 @@ xact_desc_abort(StringInfo buf, uint8 info, xl_xact_abort *xlrec)
 
 	xact_desc_relations(buf, "rels", parsed.nrels, parsed.xnodes);
 	xact_desc_subxacts(buf, parsed.nsubxacts, parsed.subxacts);
+	xact_desc_dropped_stats(buf, "", parsed.ndroppedstats, parsed.droppedstats);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -341,6 +390,8 @@ xact_desc_prepare(StringInfo buf, uint8 info, xl_xact_prepare *xlrec)
 	xact_desc_relations(buf, "rels(commit)", parsed.nrels, parsed.xnodes);
 	xact_desc_relations(buf, "rels(abort)", parsed.nabortrels,
 						parsed.abortnodes);
+	xact_desc_dropped_stats(buf, "commit ", parsed.ndroppedstats, parsed.droppedstats);
+	xact_desc_dropped_stats(buf, "abort ", parsed.nabortdroppedstats, parsed.abortdroppedstats);
 	xact_desc_subxacts(buf, parsed.nsubxacts, parsed.subxacts);
 
 	standby_desc_invalidations(buf, parsed.nmsgs, parsed.msgs, parsed.dbId,
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c b/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c
index 89335b64a24..c88bca1e1d2 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c
@@ -205,6 +205,8 @@ static void RecordTransactionCommitPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 											TransactionId *children,
 											int nrels,
 											RelFileNode *rels,
+											int ndroppedstats,
+											PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 											int ninvalmsgs,
 											SharedInvalidationMessage *invalmsgs,
 											bool initfileinval,
@@ -214,6 +216,8 @@ static void RecordTransactionAbortPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 										   TransactionId *children,
 										   int nrels,
 										   RelFileNode *rels,
+										   int ndroppedstats,
+										   PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 										   const char *gid);
 static void ProcessRecords(char *bufptr, TransactionId xid,
 						   const TwoPhaseCallback callbacks[]);
@@ -988,6 +992,8 @@ StartPrepare(GlobalTransaction gxact)
 	TransactionId *children;
 	RelFileNode *commitrels;
 	RelFileNode *abortrels;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *abortdroppedstats = NULL;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *commitdroppedstats = NULL;
 	SharedInvalidationMessage *invalmsgs;
 
 	/* Initialize linked list */
@@ -1013,6 +1019,10 @@ StartPrepare(GlobalTransaction gxact)
 	hdr.nsubxacts = xactGetCommittedChildren(&children);
 	hdr.ncommitrels = smgrGetPendingDeletes(true, &commitrels);
 	hdr.nabortrels = smgrGetPendingDeletes(false, &abortrels);
+	hdr.ncommitdroppedstats =
+		pgstat_pending_stats_drops(true, &commitdroppedstats);
+	hdr.nabortdroppedstats =
+		pgstat_pending_stats_drops(false, &abortdroppedstats);
 	hdr.ninvalmsgs = xactGetCommittedInvalidationMessages(&invalmsgs,
 														  &hdr.initfileinval);
 	hdr.gidlen = strlen(gxact->gid) + 1;	/* Include '\0' */
@@ -1040,6 +1050,20 @@ StartPrepare(GlobalTransaction gxact)
 		save_state_data(abortrels, hdr.nabortrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 		pfree(abortrels);
 	}
+	if (hdr.ncommitdroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		save_state_data(commitdroppedstats,
+						hdr.ncommitdroppedstats
+						* sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+		pfree(commitdroppedstats);
+	}
+	if (hdr.nabortdroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		save_state_data(abortdroppedstats,
+						hdr.nabortdroppedstats
+						* sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+		pfree(abortdroppedstats);
+	}
 	if (hdr.ninvalmsgs > 0)
 	{
 		save_state_data(invalmsgs,
@@ -1420,6 +1444,8 @@ FinishPreparedTransaction(const char *gid, bool isCommit)
 	RelFileNode *abortrels;
 	RelFileNode *delrels;
 	int			ndelrels;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *commitdroppedstats;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *abortdroppedstats;
 	SharedInvalidationMessage *invalmsgs;
 
 	/*
@@ -1454,6 +1480,12 @@ FinishPreparedTransaction(const char *gid, bool isCommit)
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ncommitrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 	abortrels = (RelFileNode *) bufptr;
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nabortrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
+	commitdroppedstats = (PgStat_DroppedStatsItem*) bufptr;
+	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ncommitdroppedstats
+					   * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+	abortdroppedstats = (PgStat_DroppedStatsItem*) bufptr;
+	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nabortdroppedstats
+					   * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
 	invalmsgs = (SharedInvalidationMessage *) bufptr;
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ninvalmsgs * sizeof(SharedInvalidationMessage));
 
@@ -1475,12 +1507,16 @@ FinishPreparedTransaction(const char *gid, bool isCommit)
 		RecordTransactionCommitPrepared(xid,
 										hdr->nsubxacts, children,
 										hdr->ncommitrels, commitrels,
+										hdr->ncommitdroppedstats,
+										commitdroppedstats,
 										hdr->ninvalmsgs, invalmsgs,
 										hdr->initfileinval, gid);
 	else
 		RecordTransactionAbortPrepared(xid,
 									   hdr->nsubxacts, children,
 									   hdr->nabortrels, abortrels,
+									   hdr->nabortdroppedstats,
+									   abortdroppedstats,
 									   gid);
 
 	ProcArrayRemove(proc, latestXid);
@@ -1516,6 +1552,13 @@ FinishPreparedTransaction(const char *gid, bool isCommit)
 	/* Make sure files supposed to be dropped are dropped */
 	DropRelationFiles(delrels, ndelrels, false);
 
+	if (isCommit)
+		pgstat_perform_drops(hdr->ncommitdroppedstats,
+							 commitdroppedstats, false);
+	else
+		pgstat_perform_drops(hdr->nabortdroppedstats,
+							 abortdroppedstats, false);
+
 	/*
 	 * Handle cache invalidation messages.
 	 *
@@ -2010,6 +2053,10 @@ RecoverPreparedTransactions(void)
 		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nsubxacts * sizeof(TransactionId));
 		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ncommitrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nabortrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
+		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ncommitdroppedstats
+						   * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nabortdroppedstats
+						   * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
 		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ninvalmsgs * sizeof(SharedInvalidationMessage));
 
 		/*
@@ -2192,6 +2239,8 @@ RecordTransactionCommitPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 								TransactionId *children,
 								int nrels,
 								RelFileNode *rels,
+								int ndroppedstats,
+								PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 								int ninvalmsgs,
 								SharedInvalidationMessage *invalmsgs,
 								bool initfileinval,
@@ -2220,6 +2269,7 @@ RecordTransactionCommitPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 	 */
 	recptr = XactLogCommitRecord(committs,
 								 nchildren, children, nrels, rels,
+								 ndroppedstats, droppedstats,
 								 ninvalmsgs, invalmsgs,
 								 initfileinval,
 								 MyXactFlags | XACT_FLAGS_ACQUIREDACCESSEXCLUSIVELOCK,
@@ -2286,6 +2336,8 @@ RecordTransactionAbortPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 							   TransactionId *children,
 							   int nrels,
 							   RelFileNode *rels,
+							   int ndroppedstats,
+							   PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 							   const char *gid)
 {
 	XLogRecPtr	recptr;
@@ -2316,6 +2368,7 @@ RecordTransactionAbortPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 	recptr = XactLogAbortRecord(GetCurrentTimestamp(),
 								nchildren, children,
 								nrels, rels,
+								ndroppedstats, droppedstats,
 								MyXactFlags | XACT_FLAGS_ACQUIREDACCESSEXCLUSIVELOCK,
 								xid, gid);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c b/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
index c83aa16f2ce..e490a9937b8 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
@@ -1232,6 +1232,8 @@ RecordTransactionCommit(void)
 	RelFileNode *rels;
 	int			nchildren;
 	TransactionId *children;
+	int			ndroppedstats = 0;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats = NULL;
 	int			nmsgs = 0;
 	SharedInvalidationMessage *invalMessages = NULL;
 	bool		RelcacheInitFileInval = false;
@@ -1250,6 +1252,7 @@ RecordTransactionCommit(void)
 	/* Get data needed for commit record */
 	nrels = smgrGetPendingDeletes(true, &rels);
 	nchildren = xactGetCommittedChildren(&children);
+	ndroppedstats = pgstat_pending_stats_drops(true, &droppedstats);
 	if (XLogStandbyInfoActive())
 		nmsgs = xactGetCommittedInvalidationMessages(&invalMessages,
 													 &RelcacheInitFileInval);
@@ -1264,10 +1267,12 @@ RecordTransactionCommit(void)
 		/*
 		 * We expect that every RelationDropStorage is followed by a catalog
 		 * update, and hence XID assignment, so we shouldn't get here with any
-		 * pending deletes.  Use a real test not just an Assert to check this,
-		 * since it's a bit fragile.
+		 * pending deletes. Same is true for dropping stats.
+		 *
+		 * Use a real test not just an Assert to check this, since it's a bit
+		 * fragile.
 		 */
-		if (nrels != 0)
+		if (nrels != 0 || ndroppedstats != 0)
 			elog(ERROR, "cannot commit a transaction that deleted files but has no xid");
 
 		/* Can't have child XIDs either; AssignTransactionId enforces this */
@@ -1341,6 +1346,7 @@ RecordTransactionCommit(void)
 
 		XactLogCommitRecord(xactStopTimestamp,
 							nchildren, children, nrels, rels,
+							ndroppedstats, droppedstats,
 							nmsgs, invalMessages,
 							RelcacheInitFileInval,
 							MyXactFlags,
@@ -1644,6 +1650,8 @@ RecordTransactionAbort(bool isSubXact)
 	TransactionId latestXid;
 	int			nrels;
 	RelFileNode *rels;
+	int			ndroppedstats = 0;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats = NULL;
 	int			nchildren;
 	TransactionId *children;
 	TimestampTz xact_time;
@@ -1680,6 +1688,7 @@ RecordTransactionAbort(bool isSubXact)
 	/* Fetch the data we need for the abort record */
 	nrels = smgrGetPendingDeletes(false, &rels);
 	nchildren = xactGetCommittedChildren(&children);
+	ndroppedstats = pgstat_pending_stats_drops(false, &droppedstats);
 
 	/* XXX do we really need a critical section here? */
 	START_CRIT_SECTION();
@@ -1696,6 +1705,7 @@ RecordTransactionAbort(bool isSubXact)
 	XactLogAbortRecord(xact_time,
 					   nchildren, children,
 					   nrels, rels,
+					   ndroppedstats, droppedstats,
 					   MyXactFlags, InvalidTransactionId,
 					   NULL);
 
@@ -5497,6 +5507,7 @@ XLogRecPtr
 XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 					int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts,
 					int nrels, RelFileNode *rels,
+					int ndroppedstats, PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 					int nmsgs, SharedInvalidationMessage *msgs,
 					bool relcacheInval,
 					int xactflags, TransactionId twophase_xid,
@@ -5507,6 +5518,7 @@ XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 	xl_xact_dbinfo xl_dbinfo;
 	xl_xact_subxacts xl_subxacts;
 	xl_xact_relfilenodes xl_relfilenodes;
+	xl_xact_dropped_stats xl_dropped_stats;
 	xl_xact_invals xl_invals;
 	xl_xact_twophase xl_twophase;
 	xl_xact_origin xl_origin;
@@ -5564,6 +5576,12 @@ XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 		info |= XLR_SPECIAL_REL_UPDATE;
 	}
 
+	if (ndroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		xl_xinfo.xinfo |= XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS;
+		xl_dropped_stats.ndropped = ndroppedstats;
+	}
+
 	if (nmsgs > 0)
 	{
 		xl_xinfo.xinfo |= XACT_XINFO_HAS_INVALS;
@@ -5620,6 +5638,14 @@ XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 						 nrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 	}
 
+	if (xl_xinfo.xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS)
+	{
+		XLogRegisterData((char *) (&xl_dropped_stats),
+						 MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats);
+		XLogRegisterData((char *) droppedstats,
+						 ndroppedstats * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+	}
+
 	if (xl_xinfo.xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_INVALS)
 	{
 		XLogRegisterData((char *) (&xl_invals), MinSizeOfXactInvals);
@@ -5653,6 +5679,7 @@ XLogRecPtr
 XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 				   int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts,
 				   int nrels, RelFileNode *rels,
+				   int ndroppedstats, PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 				   int xactflags, TransactionId twophase_xid,
 				   const char *twophase_gid)
 {
@@ -5660,6 +5687,7 @@ XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 	xl_xact_xinfo xl_xinfo;
 	xl_xact_subxacts xl_subxacts;
 	xl_xact_relfilenodes xl_relfilenodes;
+	xl_xact_dropped_stats xl_dropped_stats;
 	xl_xact_twophase xl_twophase;
 	xl_xact_dbinfo xl_dbinfo;
 	xl_xact_origin xl_origin;
@@ -5697,6 +5725,19 @@ XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 		info |= XLR_SPECIAL_REL_UPDATE;
 	}
 
+	if (nrels > 0)
+	{
+		xl_xinfo.xinfo |= XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS;
+		xl_relfilenodes.nrels = nrels;
+		info |= XLR_SPECIAL_REL_UPDATE;
+	}
+
+	if (ndroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		xl_xinfo.xinfo |= XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS;
+		xl_dropped_stats.ndropped = ndroppedstats;
+	}
+
 	if (TransactionIdIsValid(twophase_xid))
 	{
 		xl_xinfo.xinfo |= XACT_XINFO_HAS_TWOPHASE;
@@ -5758,6 +5799,14 @@ XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 						 nrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 	}
 
+	if (xl_xinfo.xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS)
+	{
+		XLogRegisterData((char *) (&xl_dropped_stats),
+						 MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats);
+		XLogRegisterData((char *) droppedstats,
+						 ndroppedstats * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+	}
+
 	if (xl_xinfo.xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_TWOPHASE)
 	{
 		XLogRegisterData((char *) (&xl_twophase), sizeof(xl_xact_twophase));
@@ -5891,6 +5940,13 @@ xact_redo_commit(xl_xact_parsed_commit *parsed,
 		DropRelationFiles(parsed->xnodes, parsed->nrels, true);
 	}
 
+	if (parsed->ndroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		XLogFlush(lsn);
+
+		pgstat_perform_drops(parsed->ndroppedstats, parsed->droppedstats, true);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * We issue an XLogFlush() for the same reason we emit ForceSyncCommit()
 	 * in normal operation. For example, in CREATE DATABASE, we copy all files
@@ -5984,6 +6040,13 @@ xact_redo_abort(xl_xact_parsed_abort *parsed, TransactionId xid,
 
 	/* Make sure files supposed to be dropped are dropped */
 	DropRelationFiles(parsed->xnodes, parsed->nrels, true);
+
+	if (parsed->ndroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		XLogFlush(lsn);
+
+		pgstat_perform_drops(parsed->ndroppedstats, parsed->droppedstats, true);
+	}
 }
 
 void
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
index 2edf116442c..8172673383d 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
@@ -2206,7 +2206,7 @@ AdvanceXLInsertBuffer(XLogRecPtr upto, bool opportunistic)
 					WriteRqst.Flush = 0;
 					XLogWrite(WriteRqst, false);
 					LWLockRelease(WALWriteLock);
-					WalStats.m_wal_buffers_full++;
+					WalStats.wal_buffers_full++;
 					TRACE_POSTGRESQL_WAL_BUFFER_WRITE_DIRTY_DONE();
 				}
 				/* Re-acquire WALBufMappingLock and retry */
@@ -2564,10 +2564,10 @@ XLogWrite(XLogwrtRqst WriteRqst, bool flexible)
 
 					INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 					INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-					WalStats.m_wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+					WalStats.wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 				}
 
-				WalStats.m_wal_write++;
+				WalStats.wal_write++;
 
 				if (written <= 0)
 				{
@@ -7126,9 +7126,12 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * Reset pgstat data, because it may be invalid after recovery.
+		 * Reset pgstat data, because it may be invalid after recovery. It's
+		 * safe to do this here, because postmaster will not yet have started
+		 * any other processes. NB: This basically just skips loading the data
+		 * from disk, see pgstat_restore_stats() call in clean-startup path.
 		 */
-		pgstat_reset_all();
+		pgstat_discard_stats();
 
 		/*
 		 * If there was a backup label file, it's done its job and the info
@@ -7614,6 +7617,10 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 			ereport(FATAL,
 					(errmsg("recovery ended before configured recovery target was reached")));
 	}
+	else
+	{
+		pgstat_restore_stats();
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Kill WAL receiver, if it's still running, before we continue to write
@@ -8724,8 +8731,8 @@ LogCheckpointEnd(bool restartpoint)
 												 CheckpointStats.ckpt_sync_end_t);
 
 	/* Accumulate checkpoint timing summary data, in milliseconds. */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
 
 	/*
 	 * All of the published timing statistics are accounted for.  Only
@@ -10675,10 +10682,10 @@ issue_xlog_fsync(int fd, XLogSegNo segno)
 
 		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-		WalStats.m_wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+		WalStats.wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 	}
 
-	WalStats.m_wal_sync++;
+	WalStats.wal_sync++;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
index 9f6303266f9..a6edc77820e 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@
 #include "parser/parse_relation.h"
 #include "parser/parsetree.h"
 #include "partitioning/partdesc.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
 #include "storage/predicate.h"
 #include "storage/smgr.h"
@@ -1498,6 +1499,9 @@ heap_create_with_catalog(const char *relname,
 	if (oncommit != ONCOMMIT_NOOP)
 		register_on_commit_action(relid, oncommit);
 
+	/* ensure that stats are dropped if transaction aborts */
+	pgstat_create_relation(new_rel_desc);
+
 	/*
 	 * ok, the relation has been cataloged, so close our relations and return
 	 * the OID of the newly created relation.
@@ -2001,6 +2005,9 @@ heap_drop_with_catalog(Oid relid)
 	if (RELKIND_HAS_STORAGE(rel->rd_rel->relkind))
 		RelationDropStorage(rel);
 
+	/* ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits */
+	pgstat_drop_relation(rel);
+
 	/*
 	 * Close relcache entry, but *keep* AccessExclusiveLock on the relation
 	 * until transaction commit.  This ensures no one else will try to do
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
index e14eee5a19e..ee3ff5b4291 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
@@ -700,6 +700,10 @@ ProcedureCreate(const char *procedureName,
 			AtEOXact_GUC(true, save_nestlevel);
 	}
 
+	/* ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits */
+	if (!is_update)
+		pgstat_create_function(retval);
+
 	return myself;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/analyze.c b/src/backend/commands/analyze.c
index f84616d3d2c..98e8546dd78 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/analyze.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/analyze.c
@@ -657,11 +657,10 @@ do_analyze_rel(Relation onerel, VacuumParams *params,
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * Now report ANALYZE to the stats collector.
+		 * Now report ANALYZE to the stats facility.
 		 *
-		 * We deliberately don't report to the stats collector when doing
-		 * inherited stats, because the stats collector only tracks per-table
-		 * stats.
+		 * We deliberately don't report when doing inherited stats, because
+		 * the stats collector only tracks per-table stats.
 		 *
 		 * Reset the changes_since_analyze counter only if we analyzed all
 		 * columns; otherwise, there is still work for auto-analyze to do.
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c b/src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c
index 2b159b60ebb..0078ddec61e 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c
@@ -971,7 +971,7 @@ dropdb(const char *dbname, bool missing_ok, bool force)
 	DropDatabaseBuffers(db_id);
 
 	/*
-	 * Tell the stats collector to forget it immediately, too.
+	 * Tell the activity stats subsystem to forget it immediately, too.
 	 */
 	pgstat_drop_database(db_id);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c b/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
index 7a4e104623b..c1e53a2f2f2 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
@@ -1203,6 +1203,8 @@ RemoveFunctionById(Oid funcOid)
 
 	table_close(relation, RowExclusiveLock);
 
+	pgstat_drop_function(funcOid);
+
 	/*
 	 * If there's a pg_aggregate tuple, delete that too.
 	 */
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c
index 172ec6e9828..8c9ae24b784 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c
@@ -336,10 +336,10 @@ ExecRefreshMatView(RefreshMatViewStmt *stmt, const char *queryString,
 		refresh_by_heap_swap(matviewOid, OIDNewHeap, relpersistence);
 
 		/*
-		 * Inform stats collector about our activity: basically, we truncated
-		 * the matview and inserted some new data.  (The concurrent code path
-		 * above doesn't need to worry about this because the inserts and
-		 * deletes it issues get counted by lower-level code.)
+		 * Inform activity stats facility about our activity: basically, we
+		 * truncated the matview and inserted some new data.  (The concurrent
+		 * code path above doesn't need to worry about this because the inserts
+		 * and deletes it issues get counted by lower-level code.)
 		 */
 		pgstat_count_truncate(matviewRel);
 		if (!stmt->skipData)
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
index 662aff04b45..bde88f6a340 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
@@ -329,8 +329,8 @@ vacuum(List *relations, VacuumParams *params,
 				 errmsg("PROCESS_TOAST required with VACUUM FULL")));
 
 	/*
-	 * Send info about dead objects to the statistics collector, unless we are
-	 * in autovacuum --- autovacuum.c does this for itself.
+	 * Send info about dead objects to the activity statistics facility, unless
+	 * we are in autovacuum --- autovacuum.c does this for itself.
 	 */
 	if ((params->options & VACOPT_VACUUM) && !IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
 		pgstat_vacuum_stat();
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
index 87b265c1c41..0447c3422dd 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
@@ -342,9 +342,6 @@ static void autovacuum_do_vac_analyze(autovac_table *tab,
 									  BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy);
 static AutoVacOpts *extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup,
 										 TupleDesc pg_class_desc);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry);
 static void perform_work_item(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem);
 static void autovac_report_activity(autovac_table *tab);
 static void autovac_report_workitem(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem,
@@ -1684,7 +1681,7 @@ AutoVacWorkerMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 		char		dbname[NAMEDATALEN];
 
 		/*
-		 * Report autovac startup to the stats collector.  We deliberately do
+		 * Report autovac startup to the stats system.  We deliberately do
 		 * this before InitPostgres, so that the last_autovac_time will get
 		 * updated even if the connection attempt fails.  This is to prevent
 		 * autovac from getting "stuck" repeatedly selecting an unopenable
@@ -1965,8 +1962,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	HASHCTL		ctl;
 	HTAB	   *table_toast_map;
 	ListCell   *volatile cell;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy;
 	ScanKeyData key;
 	TupleDesc	pg_class_desc;
@@ -1985,19 +1980,13 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 										  ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/*
-	 * may be NULL if we couldn't find an entry (only happens if we are
-	 * forcing a vacuum for anti-wrap purposes).
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-
 	/* Start a transaction so our commands have one to play into. */
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
 	/*
-	 * Clean up any dead statistics collector entries for this DB. We always
-	 * want to do this exactly once per DB-processing cycle, even if we find
-	 * nothing worth vacuuming in the database.
+	 * Clean up any dead statistics entries for this DB. We always want to do
+	 * this exactly once per DB-processing cycle, even if we find nothing
+	 * worth vacuuming in the database.
 	 */
 	pgstat_vacuum_stat();
 
@@ -2038,9 +2027,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	/* StartTransactionCommand changed elsewhere */
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/* The database hash where pgstat keeps shared relations */
-	shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-
 	classRel = table_open(RelationRelationId, AccessShareLock);
 
 	/* create a copy so we can use it after closing pg_class */
@@ -2118,8 +2104,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 
 		/* Fetch reloptions and the pgstat entry for this table */
 		relopts = extract_autovac_opts(tuple, pg_class_desc);
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(classForm->relisshared,
+													   relid);
 
 		/* Check if it needs vacuum or analyze */
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
@@ -2202,8 +2188,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 		}
 
 		/* Fetch the pgstat entry for this table */
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(classForm->relisshared,
+													   relid);
 
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
 								  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -2762,29 +2748,6 @@ extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup, TupleDesc pg_class_desc)
 	return av;
 }
 
-/*
- * get_pgstat_tabentry_relid
- *
- * Fetch the pgstat entry of a table, either local to a database or shared.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared, PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-						  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry = NULL;
-
-	if (isshared)
-	{
-		if (PointerIsValid(shared))
-			tabentry = hash_search(shared->tables, &relid,
-								   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	}
-	else if (PointerIsValid(dbentry))
-		tabentry = hash_search(dbentry->tables, &relid,
-							   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-
-	return tabentry;
-}
 
 /*
  * table_recheck_autovac
@@ -2989,17 +2952,10 @@ recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
 								  bool *wraparound)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared = NULL;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry = NULL;
-
-	if (classForm->relisshared)
-		shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-	else
-		dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
 
 	/* fetch the pgstat table entry */
-	tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-										 shared, dbentry);
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(classForm->relisshared,
+												   relid);
 
 	relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm, tabentry,
 							  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -3029,7 +2985,7 @@ recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
  *
  * For analyze, the analysis done is that the number of tuples inserted,
  * deleted and updated since the last analyze exceeds a threshold calculated
- * in the same fashion as above.  Note that the collector actually stores
+ * in the same fashion as above.  Note that the stats system stores
  * the number of tuples (both live and dead) that there were as of the last
  * analyze.  This is asymmetric to the VACUUM case.
  *
@@ -3040,7 +2996,7 @@ recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
  * A table whose autovacuum_enabled option is false is
  * automatically skipped (unless we have to vacuum it due to freeze_max_age).
  * Thus autovacuum can be disabled for specific tables. Also, when the stats
- * collector does not have data about a table, it will be skipped.
+ * system does not have data about a table, it will be skipped.
  *
  * A table whose vac_base_thresh value is < 0 takes the base value from the
  * autovacuum_vacuum_threshold GUC variable.  Similarly, a vac_scale_factor
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c b/src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c
index 715d5195bb6..ad62a45fba2 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c
@@ -244,9 +244,9 @@ BackgroundWriterMain(void)
 		can_hibernate = BgBufferSync(&wb_context);
 
 		/*
-		 * Send off activity statistics to the stats collector
+		 * Send off activity statistics to the stats system
 		 */
-		pgstat_send_bgwriter();
+		pgstat_report_bgwriter();
 
 		if (FirstCallSinceLastCheckpoint())
 		{
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
index acba513c8fc..b6f79cedba2 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
@@ -214,6 +214,16 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 	 */
 	last_checkpoint_time = last_xlog_switch_time = (pg_time_t) time(NULL);
 
+	/*
+	 * Write out stats after shutdown. This needs to be called by exactly one
+	 * process during a normal shutdown, and since checkpointer is shut down
+	 * very late...
+	 *
+	 * XXX: Are there potential issues with walsenders reporting stats at a
+	 * later time?
+	 */
+	before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
+
 	/*
 	 * Create a memory context that we will do all our work in.  We do this so
 	 * that we can reset the context during error recovery and thereby avoid
@@ -360,7 +370,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (((volatile CheckpointerShmemStruct *) CheckpointerShmem)->ckpt_flags)
 		{
 			do_checkpoint = true;
-			PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+			PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -374,7 +384,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (elapsed_secs >= CheckPointTimeout)
 		{
 			if (!do_checkpoint)
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_timed_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.timed_checkpoints++;
 			do_checkpoint = true;
 			flags |= CHECKPOINT_CAUSE_TIME;
 		}
@@ -495,13 +505,11 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		/* Check for archive_timeout and switch xlog files if necessary. */
 		CheckArchiveTimeout();
 
-		/*
-		 * Send off activity statistics to the stats collector.
-		 */
-		pgstat_send_checkpointer();
+		/* Send off activity statistics to the activity stats facility. */
+		pgstat_report_checkpointer();
 
-		/* Send WAL statistics to the stats collector. */
-		pgstat_report_wal();
+		/* Send off WAL statistics to the activity stats facility. */
+		pgstat_report_wal(false);
 
 		/*
 		 * If any checkpoint flags have been set, redo the loop to handle the
@@ -576,10 +584,10 @@ HandleCheckpointerInterrupts(void)
 		 * updates the statistics, increment the checkpoint request and send
 		 * the statistics to the stats collector.
 		 */
-		PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+		PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		ShutdownXLOG(0, 0);
-		pgstat_send_checkpointer();
-		pgstat_report_wal();
+		pgstat_report_checkpointer();
+		pgstat_report_wal(false);
 
 		/* Normal exit from the checkpointer is here */
 		proc_exit(0);			/* done */
@@ -720,7 +728,7 @@ CheckpointWriteDelay(int flags, double progress)
 		/*
 		 * Report interim activity statistics.
 		 */
-		pgstat_send_checkpointer();
+		pgstat_report_checkpointer();
 
 		/*
 		 * This sleep used to be connected to bgwriter_delay, typically 200ms.
@@ -1264,9 +1272,9 @@ AbsorbSyncRequests(void)
 	LWLockAcquire(CheckpointerCommLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
 
 	/* Transfer stats counts into pending pgstats message */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_fsync_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_fsync_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_fsync;
 
 	CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c b/src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c
index dfc7abbc975..87d9a0987bd 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c
@@ -419,20 +419,20 @@ pgarch_ArchiverCopyLoop(void)
 				pgarch_archiveDone(xlog);
 
 				/*
-				 * Tell the collector about the WAL file that we successfully
-				 * archived
+				 * Tell the activity statistics facility about the WAL file
+				 * that we successfully archived
 				 */
-				pgstat_send_archiver(xlog, false);
+				pgstat_report_archiver(xlog, false);
 
 				break;			/* out of inner retry loop */
 			}
 			else
 			{
 				/*
-				 * Tell the collector about the WAL file that we failed to
-				 * archive
+				 * Tell the activity statistics facility about the WAL file
+				 * that we failed to archive
 				 */
-				pgstat_send_archiver(xlog, true);
+				pgstat_report_archiver(xlog, true);
 
 				if (++failures >= NUM_ARCHIVE_RETRIES)
 				{
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
index 857d39b26a6..9fdb5611584 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
@@ -1,71 +1,50 @@
 /* ----------
  * pgstat.c
+ *	  Activity statistics infrastructure.
  *
- *	All the statistics collector stuff hacked up in one big, ugly file.
+ * Provides the infrastructure to collect and access activity statistics,
+ * e.g. per-table access statistics, of all backends in shared memory.
  *
- *	TODO:	- Separate collector, postmaster and backend stuff
- *			  into different files.
+ * For many times of statistics pending stats updates are first accumulated
+ * locally in each process, then later flushed to shared memory (just after
+ * commit, or by idle-timeout)
  *
- *			- Add some automatic call for pgstat vacuuming.
+ * To avoid congestion on the shared memory, shared stats is updated no more
+ * often than once per PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL (10000ms). If some local numbers
+ * remain unflushed for lock failure, retry with intervals that is initially
+ * PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL (1000ms) then doubled at every retry. Finally we
+ * force update after PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL (60000ms) since the first trial.
  *
- *			- Add a pgstat config column to pg_database, so this
- *			  entire thing can be enabled/disabled on a per db basis.
+ * AFIXME: Isn't PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL way too long? What is the justification
+ * for increasing it?
  *
- *	Copyright (c) 2001-2021, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * NB: Code for individual kinds of statistics belongs into pgstat_*.c
+ * whenever possible, not here.
  *
- *	src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2021, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *	  src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
  * ----------
  */
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <netdb.h>
-#include <netinet/in.h>
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
-#include <sys/select.h>
-#endif
 
-#include "access/heapam.h"
-#include "access/htup_details.h"
-#include "access/tableam.h"
 #include "access/transam.h"
 #include "access/xact.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_database.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
-#include "common/ip.h"
-#include "libpq/libpq.h"
-#include "libpq/pqsignal.h"
-#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
+#include "common/hashfn.h"
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
-#include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
-#include "postmaster/fork_process.h"
-#include "postmaster/interrupt.h"
-#include "postmaster/postmaster.h"
+#include "port/atomics.h"
 #include "replication/slot.h"
-#include "replication/walsender.h"
-#include "storage/backendid.h"
-#include "storage/dsm.h"
-#include "storage/fd.h"
 #include "storage/ipc.h"
-#include "storage/latch.h"
-#include "storage/lmgr.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
 #include "storage/pg_shmem.h"
-#include "storage/proc.h"
-#include "storage/procsignal.h"
 #include "utils/guc.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
-#include "utils/ps_status.h"
-#include "utils/rel.h"
-#include "utils/snapmgr.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
@@ -73,25 +52,77 @@
  * Timer definitions.
  * ----------
  */
+#define PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL			10000	/* Minimum interval of stats data
+											 * updates; in milliseconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY		10	/* How long to wait between checks for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL	1000	/* Initial retry interval after
+											 * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL */
 
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME	10000	/* Maximum time to wait for a stats
-										 * file update; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL			60000	/* Longest interval of stats data
+											 * updates */
 
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL		640 /* How often to ping the collector for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL 60	/* How often to attempt to restart a
-									 * failed statistics collector; in
-									 * seconds. */
+/* ----------
+ * The initial size hints for the hash tables used in the activity statistics.
+ * ----------
+ */
+#define PGSTAT_TABLE_HASH_SIZE	512
 
-#define PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
 
-/* Minimum receive buffer size for the collector's socket. */
-#define PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF		(100 * 1024)
+/* hash table entry for finding the PgStatSharedRef for a key */
+typedef struct PgStatSharedRefHashEntry
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;			/* hash key */
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+} PgStatSharedRefHashEntry;
+
+/* hash table for statistics snapshots entry */
+typedef struct PgStatSnapshotEntry
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	void	   *data;			/* the stats data itself */
+} PgStatSnapshotEntry;
+
+typedef struct PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem
+{
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem item;
+	bool is_create;
+	dlist_node	node;
+} PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Hash Table Types
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/* for references to shared statistics entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_shared_ref_hash
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStatSharedRefHashEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStatHashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	hash_bytes((unsigned char *)&key, sizeof(PgStatHashKey))
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStatHashKey)) == 0)
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
+
+/* for stats snapshot entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_snapshot
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStatSnapshotEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStatHashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	hash_bytes((unsigned char *)&key, sizeof(PgStatHashKey))
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStatHashKey)) == 0)
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -99,56 +130,28 @@
  * ----------
  */
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-static pid_t pgstat_forkexec(void);
-#endif
-
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
-
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry,
-												 Oid tableoid, bool create);
-static void pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs);
-static void pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent);
-static HTAB *pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep);
-static void pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash, bool permanent);
-static void backend_read_statsfile(void);
-
-static bool pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void);
-static bool pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid);
-
-static int	pgstat_replslot_index(const char *name, bool create_it);
-static void pgstat_reset_replslot(int i, TimestampTz ts);
-
-static HTAB *pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid);
-
 static void pgstat_setup_memcxt(void);
+static void pgstat_write_statsfile(void);
+static void pgstat_read_statsfile(void);
 
-static void pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_connstat(PgStat_MsgConn *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len);
+static PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *pgstat_shared_stat_entry_init(PgStatKind kind,
+																PgStatShmHashEntry *shhashent,
+																int init_refcount);
+static void pgstat_shared_ref_release(PgStatHashKey key, PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref);
+static inline size_t shared_stat_entry_len(PgStatKind kind);
+static inline void* shared_stat_entry_data(PgStatKind kind, PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *entry);
+
+static bool pgstat_shared_refs_need_gc(void);
+static void pgstat_shared_refs_gc(void);
+
+static void pgstat_shared_refs_release_all(void);
+
+static void pgstat_perform_drop(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *drop);
+static bool pgstat_drop_stats_entry(dshash_seq_status *hstat);
+
+static void pgstat_pending_delete(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref);
+
+static bool pgstat_pending_flush_stats(bool nowait);
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -157,6 +160,7 @@ static void pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len);
  */
 
 bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
+int			pgstat_fetch_consistency = STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -165,49 +169,180 @@ bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
  */
 
 char	   *pgstat_stat_directory = NULL;
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 char	   *pgstat_stat_filename = NULL;
 char	   *pgstat_stat_tmpname = NULL;
 
 
 /* ----------
- * Local data
+ * Stats shared memory state
  * ----------
  */
 
-static struct sockaddr_storage pgStatAddr;
+/* backend-lifetime storages */
+PgStatShmemGlobal *pgStatShmem = NULL;
+static dsa_area *pgStatDSA = NULL;
+/* The shared hash to index activity stats entries. */
+static dshash_table *pgStatSharedHash = NULL;
 
-pgsocket pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
 
-static time_t last_pgstat_start_time;
+/* ----------
+ * Local data
+ *
+ * NB: There should be only variables related to stats infrastructure here,
+ * not for specific types of stats.
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Backend local references to shared stats entries. If there are pending
+ * updates to a stats entry, the PgStatSharedRef is added to the pgStatPending
+ * list.
+ *
+ * When a stats entry is dropped each backend needs to release its reference
+ * to it before the memory can be released. To trigger that
+ * pgStatShmem->gc_count is incremented - which each backend compares to their
+ * copy of pgStatSharedRefAge on a regular basis.
+ */
+static pgstat_shared_ref_hash_hash *pgStatSharedRefHash = NULL;
+static int	pgStatSharedRefAge = 0;	/* cache age of pgStatShmLookupCache */
+
+/*
+ * List of PgStatSharedRefs with unflushed pending stats.
+ *
+ * Newly pending entries should only ever be added to the end of the list,
+ * otherwise pgstat_pending_flush_stats() might not see them immediately.
+ */
+static dlist_head pgStatPending = DLIST_STATIC_INIT(pgStatPending);
+
+/*
+ * Memory context containing the pgStatSharedRefHash table, the
+ * pgStatSharedRef entries, and pending data. Mostly to make it easier to
+ * track memory usage.
+ */
+static MemoryContext pgStatSharedRefContext = NULL;
 
-static bool pgStatRunningInCollector = false;
 
 static PgStat_SubXactStatus *pgStatXactStack = NULL;
 
-/*
- * Info about current "snapshot" of stats file
- */
-static MemoryContext pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-static HTAB *pgStatDBHash = NULL;
 
 /*
- * Cluster wide statistics, kept in the stats collector.
- * Contains statistics that are not collected per database
- * or per table.
+ * Force the next stats flush to happen regardless of
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL. Useful in test scripts.
  */
-static PgStat_ArchiverStats archiverStats;
-static PgStat_GlobalStats globalStats;
-static PgStat_WalStats walStats;
-static PgStat_SLRUStats slruStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-static PgStat_ReplSlotStats *replSlotStats;
-static int	nReplSlotStats;
+static bool pgStatForceNextFlush = false;
+
 
 /*
- * List of OIDs of databases we need to write out.  If an entry is InvalidOid,
- * it means to write only the shared-catalog stats ("DB 0"); otherwise, we
- * will write both that DB's data and the shared stats.
+ * The current statistics snapshot
  */
-static List *pending_write_requests = NIL;
+PgStatSnapshot stats_snapshot;
+/* to free snapshot in bulk */
+static MemoryContext pgStatSnapshotContext = NULL;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Constants
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Define the different kinds of statistics. If reasonably possible, handling
+ * specific to one kind of stats should go through this abstraction, rather
+ * than making more of pgstat.c aware.
+ *
+ * See comments for struct pgstat_kind_info for details about the individual
+ * fields.
+ *
+ * XXX: It'd be nicer to define this outside of this file. But there doesn't
+ * seem to be a great way of doing that, given the split across multiple
+ * files.
+ */
+static const pgstat_kind_info pgstat_kind_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_WAL + 1] = {
+
+	/* stats types with a variable number of stats */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_DB] = {
+		.is_global = false,
+		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShm_StatDBEntry),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShm_StatDBEntry, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShm_StatDBEntry*) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_flush_database,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE] = {
+		.is_global = false,
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShm_StatTabEntry),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShm_StatTabEntry, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShm_StatTabEntry*) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_flush_table,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION] = {
+		.is_global = false,
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry*) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_flush_function,
+	},
+
+
+	/* global stats */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_archiver,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_bgwriter,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_checkpointer,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_replslot,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_slru,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_WAL] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_wal,
+	},
+};
+
+/* parameter for the shared hash */
+static const dshash_parameters dsh_params = {
+	sizeof(PgStatHashKey),
+	sizeof(PgStatShmHashEntry),
+	dshash_memcmp,
+	dshash_memhash,
+	LWTRANCHE_STATS
+};
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -215,485 +350,264 @@ static List *pending_write_requests = NIL;
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_init() -
- *
- *	Called from postmaster at startup. Create the resources required
- *	by the statistics collector process.  If unable to do so, do not
- *	fail --- better to let the postmaster start with stats collection
- *	disabled.
- * ----------
+/*
+ * The size of the shared memory allocation for stats stored in the shared
+ * stats hash table. This allocation will be done as part of the main shared
+ * memory, rather than dynamic shared memory, allowing it to be initialized in
+ * postmaster.
  */
-void
-pgstat_init(void)
+static Size
+stats_dsa_init_size(void)
 {
-	ACCEPT_TYPE_ARG3 alen;
-	struct addrinfo *addrs = NULL,
-			   *addr,
-				hints;
-	int			ret;
-	fd_set		rset;
-	struct timeval tv;
-	char		test_byte;
-	int			sel_res;
-	int			tries = 0;
-
-#define TESTBYTEVAL ((char) 199)
-
 	/*
-	 * This static assertion verifies that we didn't mess up the calculations
-	 * involved in selecting maximum payload sizes for our UDP messages.
-	 * Because the only consequence of overrunning PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would
-	 * be silent performance loss from fragmentation, it seems worth having a
-	 * compile-time cross-check that we didn't.
+	 * AFIXME: What should we choose as an initial size? Should we make this
+	 * configurable?
 	 */
-	StaticAssertStmt(sizeof(PgStat_Msg) <= PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE,
-					 "maximum stats message size exceeds PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE");
+	return dsa_minimum_size() + 2 * 1024 * 1024;
+}
 
-	/*
-	 * Create the UDP socket for sending and receiving statistic messages
-	 */
-	hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
-	hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
-	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
-	hints.ai_protocol = 0;
-	hints.ai_addrlen = 0;
-	hints.ai_addr = NULL;
-	hints.ai_canonname = NULL;
-	hints.ai_next = NULL;
-	ret = pg_getaddrinfo_all("localhost", NULL, &hints, &addrs);
-	if (ret || !addrs)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("could not resolve \"localhost\": %s",
-						gai_strerror(ret))));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * On some platforms, pg_getaddrinfo_all() may return multiple addresses
-	 * only one of which will actually work (eg, both IPv6 and IPv4 addresses
-	 * when kernel will reject IPv6).  Worse, the failure may occur at the
-	 * bind() or perhaps even connect() stage.  So we must loop through the
-	 * results till we find a working combination. We will generate LOG
-	 * messages, but no error, for bogus combinations.
-	 */
-	for (addr = addrs; addr; addr = addr->ai_next)
-	{
-#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
-		/* Ignore AF_UNIX sockets, if any are returned. */
-		if (addr->ai_family == AF_UNIX)
-			continue;
-#endif
-
-		if (++tries > 1)
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("trying another address for the statistics collector")));
-
-		/*
-		 * Create the socket.
-		 */
-		if ((pgStatSock = socket(addr->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not create socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Bind it to a kernel assigned port on localhost and get the assigned
-		 * port via getsockname().
-		 */
-		if (bind(pgStatSock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not bind socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		alen = sizeof(pgStatAddr);
-		if (getsockname(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, &alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not get address of socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Connect the socket to its own address.  This saves a few cycles by
-		 * not having to respecify the target address on every send. This also
-		 * provides a kernel-level check that only packets from this same
-		 * address will be received.
-		 */
-		if (connect(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not connect socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Try to send and receive a one-byte test message on the socket. This
-		 * is to catch situations where the socket can be created but will not
-		 * actually pass data (for instance, because kernel packet filtering
-		 * rules prevent it).
-		 */
-		test_byte = TESTBYTEVAL;
-
-retry1:
-		if (send(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry1;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not send test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * There could possibly be a little delay before the message can be
-		 * received.  We arbitrarily allow up to half a second before deciding
-		 * it's broken.
-		 */
-		for (;;)				/* need a loop to handle EINTR */
-		{
-			FD_ZERO(&rset);
-			FD_SET(pgStatSock, &rset);
-
-			tv.tv_sec = 0;
-			tv.tv_usec = 500000;
-			sel_res = select(pgStatSock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &tv);
-			if (sel_res >= 0 || errno != EINTR)
-				break;
-		}
-		if (sel_res < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("select() failed in statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (sel_res == 0 || !FD_ISSET(pgStatSock, &rset))
-		{
-			/*
-			 * This is the case we actually think is likely, so take pains to
-			 * give a specific message for it.
-			 *
-			 * errno will not be set meaningfully here, so don't use it.
-			 */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONNECTION_FAILURE),
-					 errmsg("test message did not get through on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		test_byte++;			/* just make sure variable is changed */
-
-retry2:
-		if (recv(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry2;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not receive test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (test_byte != TESTBYTEVAL)	/* strictly paranoia ... */
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_INTERNAL_ERROR),
-					 errmsg("incorrect test message transmission on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* If we get here, we have a working socket */
-		break;
-	}
-
-	/* Did we find a working address? */
-	if (!addr || pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		goto startup_failed;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the socket to non-blocking IO.  This ensures that if the collector
-	 * falls behind, statistics messages will be discarded; backends won't
-	 * block waiting to send messages to the collector.
-	 */
-	if (!pg_set_noblock(pgStatSock))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not set statistics collector socket to nonblocking mode: %m")));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to ensure that the socket's receive buffer is at least
-	 * PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF bytes, so that it won't easily overflow and lose
-	 * data.  Use of UDP protocol means that we are willing to lose data under
-	 * heavy load, but we don't want it to happen just because of ridiculously
-	 * small default buffer sizes (such as 8KB on older Windows versions).
-	 */
-	{
-		int			old_rcvbuf;
-		int			new_rcvbuf;
-		ACCEPT_TYPE_ARG3 rcvbufsize = sizeof(old_rcvbuf);
-
-		if (getsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-					   (char *) &old_rcvbuf, &rcvbufsize) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("getsockopt(%s) failed: %m", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-			/* if we can't get existing size, always try to set it */
-			old_rcvbuf = 0;
-		}
-
-		new_rcvbuf = PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF;
-		if (old_rcvbuf < new_rcvbuf)
-		{
-			if (setsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-						   (char *) &new_rcvbuf, sizeof(new_rcvbuf)) < 0)
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("setsockopt(%s) failed: %m", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-		}
-	}
-
-	pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	/* Now that we have a long-lived socket, tell fd.c about it. */
-	ReserveExternalFD();
-
-	return;
-
-startup_failed:
-	ereport(LOG,
-			(errmsg("disabling statistics collector for lack of working socket")));
-
-	if (addrs)
-		pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		closesocket(pgStatSock);
-	pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-
-	/*
-	 * Adjust GUC variables to suppress useless activity, and for debugging
-	 * purposes (seeing track_counts off is a clue that we failed here). We
-	 * use PGC_S_OVERRIDE because there is no point in trying to turn it back
-	 * on from postgresql.conf without a restart.
-	 */
-	SetConfigOption("track_counts", "off", PGC_INTERNAL, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
+static Size
+stats_replslot_size(void)
+{
+	return sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats) * max_replication_slots;
 }
 
 /*
- * subroutine for pgstat_reset_all
+ * Compute shared memory space needed for activity statistics
  */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_remove_files(const char *directory)
+Size
+StatsShmemSize(void)
 {
-	DIR		   *dir;
-	struct dirent *entry;
-	char		fname[MAXPGPATH * 2];
+	Size		sz;
 
-	dir = AllocateDir(directory);
-	while ((entry = ReadDir(dir, directory)) != NULL)
+	sz = MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStatShmemGlobal));
+	sz = add_size(sz, MAXALIGN(stats_dsa_init_size()));
+	sz = add_size(sz, MAXALIGN(stats_replslot_size()));
+
+	return sz;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize activity statistics initialize during startup
+ */
+void
+StatsShmemInit(void)
+{
+	bool		found;
+	Size		sz;
+
+	sz = StatsShmemSize();
+	pgStatShmem = (PgStatShmemGlobal *)
+		ShmemInitStruct("Stats area", sz, &found);
+
+	if (!IsUnderPostmaster)
 	{
-		int			nchars;
-		Oid			tmp_oid;
+		dsa_area *dsa;
+		dshash_table *dsh;
+		char *p = (char *) pgStatShmem;
+
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		/* the allocation of pgStatShmem itself */
+		p += MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStatShmemGlobal));
 
 		/*
-		 * Skip directory entries that don't match the file names we write.
-		 * See get_dbstat_filename for the database-specific pattern.
+		 * Create a small dsa allocation in plain shared memory. Doing so
+		 * initially makes it easier to manage server startup, and it also is
+		 * a small efficiency win.
 		 */
-		if (strncmp(entry->d_name, "global.", 7) == 0)
-			nchars = 7;
+		pgStatShmem->raw_dsa_area = p;
+		p += MAXALIGN(stats_dsa_init_size());
+		dsa = dsa_create_in_place(pgStatShmem->raw_dsa_area,
+								  stats_dsa_init_size(),
+								  LWTRANCHE_STATS, 0);
+		dsa_pin(dsa);
+
+		/*
+		 * Same with the dshash table.
+		 *
+		 * FIXME: we need to guarantee this can be allocated in plain shared
+		 * memory, rather than allocating dsm segments.
+		 */
+		dsh = dshash_create(dsa, &dsh_params, 0);
+		pgStatShmem->hash_handle = dshash_get_hash_table_handle(dsh);
+
+
+		/*
+		 * Postmaster will never access these again, thus free the local
+		 * dsa/dshash references.
+		 */
+		dshash_detach(dsh);
+		dsa_detach(dsa);
+
+		pg_atomic_init_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count, 0);
+
+
+		/*
+		 * Initialize global statistics.
+		 */
+
+		pgStatShmem->replslot.stats = (PgStat_ReplSlotStats *) p;
+		p += MAXALIGN(stats_replslot_size());
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LWTRANCHE_STATS);
+		for (int i = 0; i < max_replication_slots; i++)
+		{
+			pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i].index = -1;
+		}
+
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock, LWTRANCHE_STATS);
+
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock, LWTRANCHE_STATS);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(found);
+	}
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Functions manging the state of the stats system for all backends.
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_restore_stats() - read on-disk stats into memory at server start.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_restore_stats(void)
+{
+	pgstat_read_statsfile();
+}
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_discard_stats() -
+ *
+ * Remove the stats file.  This is currently used only if WAL recovery is
+ * needed after a crash.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_discard_stats(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	/* NB: this needs to be done even in single user mode */
+
+	ret = unlink(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
+	if (ret != 0)
+	{
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			elog(DEBUG2,
+				 "didn't need to unlink permanent stats file \"%s\" - didn't exist",
+				 PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
 		else
-		{
-			nchars = 0;
-			(void) sscanf(entry->d_name, "db_%u.%n",
-						  &tmp_oid, &nchars);
-			if (nchars <= 0)
-				continue;
-			/* %u allows leading whitespace, so reject that */
-			if (strchr("0123456789", entry->d_name[3]) == NULL)
-				continue;
-		}
-
-		if (strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "tmp") != 0 &&
-			strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "stat") != 0)
-			continue;
-
-		snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "%s/%s", directory,
-				 entry->d_name);
-		unlink(fname);
-	}
-	FreeDir(dir);
-}
-
-/*
- * pgstat_reset_all() -
- *
- * Remove the stats files.  This is currently used only if WAL
- * recovery is needed after a crash.
- */
-void
-pgstat_reset_all(void)
-{
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(pgstat_stat_directory);
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY);
-}
-
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-
-/*
- * pgstat_forkexec() -
- *
- * Format up the arglist for, then fork and exec, statistics collector process
- */
-static pid_t
-pgstat_forkexec(void)
-{
-	char	   *av[10];
-	int			ac = 0;
-
-	av[ac++] = "postgres";
-	av[ac++] = "--forkcol";
-	av[ac++] = NULL;			/* filled in by postmaster_forkexec */
-
-	av[ac] = NULL;
-	Assert(ac < lengthof(av));
-
-	return postmaster_forkexec(ac, av);
-}
-#endif							/* EXEC_BACKEND */
-
-
-/*
- * pgstat_start() -
- *
- *	Called from postmaster at startup or after an existing collector
- *	died.  Attempt to fire up a fresh statistics collector.
- *
- *	Returns PID of child process, or 0 if fail.
- *
- *	Note: if fail, we will be called again from the postmaster main loop.
- */
-int
-pgstat_start(void)
-{
-	time_t		curtime;
-	pid_t		pgStatPid;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check that the socket is there, else pgstat_init failed and we can do
-	 * nothing useful.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do nothing if too soon since last collector start.  This is a safety
-	 * valve to protect against continuous respawn attempts if the collector
-	 * is dying immediately at launch.  Note that since we will be re-called
-	 * from the postmaster main loop, we will get another chance later.
-	 */
-	curtime = time(NULL);
-	if ((unsigned int) (curtime - last_pgstat_start_time) <
-		(unsigned int) PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL)
-		return 0;
-	last_pgstat_start_time = curtime;
-
-	/*
-	 * Okay, fork off the collector.
-	 */
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-	switch ((pgStatPid = pgstat_forkexec()))
-#else
-	switch ((pgStatPid = fork_process()))
-#endif
-	{
-		case -1:
 			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("could not fork statistics collector: %m")));
-			return 0;
-
-#ifndef EXEC_BACKEND
-		case 0:
-			/* in postmaster child ... */
-			InitPostmasterChild();
-
-			/* Close the postmaster's sockets */
-			ClosePostmasterPorts(false);
-
-			/* Drop our connection to postmaster's shared memory, as well */
-			dsm_detach_all();
-			PGSharedMemoryDetach();
-
-			PgstatCollectorMain(0, NULL);
-			break;
-#endif
-
-		default:
-			return (int) pgStatPid;
+					(errcode_for_file_access(),
+					 errmsg("could not unlink permanent statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+							PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		ereport(DEBUG2,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("unlinked permanent statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+						PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
 	}
-
-	/* shouldn't get here */
-	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * pgstat_before_server_shutdown() needs to be called by exactly one process
+ * during regular server shutdowns. Otherwise all stats will be lost.
+ *
+ * We currently only write out stats for proc_exit(0). We might want to change
+ * that at some point... But right now pgstat_discard_stats() would be called
+ * during the start after a disorderly shutdown, anyway.
+ */
 void
-allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void)
+pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg)
 {
-	last_pgstat_start_time = 0;
+	Assert(pgStatShmem != 0);
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	/* flush out our own pending changes before writing out */
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Only write out file during normal shutdown. Don't even signal that
+	 * we've shutdown during irregular shutdowns, because the shutdown
+	 * sequence isn't coordinated to ensure this backend shuts down last.
+	 */
+	if (code == 0)
+	{
+		pgStatShmem->is_shutdown = true;
+		pgstat_write_statsfile();
+	}
 }
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
  * Backend initialization / shutdown functions
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ *------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
 /*
  * Shut down a single backend's statistics reporting at process exit.
  *
- * Flush any remaining statistics counts out to the collector.
- * Without this, operations triggered during backend exit (such as
- * temp table deletions) won't be counted.
+ * Flush any remaining statistics counts out to shared stats.  Without this,
+ * operations triggered during backend exit (such as temp table deletions)
+ * won't be counted.
  */
 static void
 pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 {
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+
 	/*
 	 * If we got as far as discovering our own database ID, we can report what
-	 * we did to the collector.  Otherwise, we'd be sending an invalid
+	 * we did to the shared stats.  Otherwise, we'd be sending an invalid
 	 * database ID, so forget it.  (This means that accesses to pg_database
 	 * during failed backend starts might never get counted.)
+	 *
+	 * AFIXME: this didn't use to be duplicated with the call in
+	 * pgstat_report_stat().
 	 */
 	if (OidIsValid(MyDatabaseId))
-		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+	{
+		if (MyBackendType == B_BACKEND)
+			pgstat_update_connstats(true);
+	}
+
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	/*
+	 * AFIXME: This really really shouldn't be needed.
+	 *
+	 * We need to clean up temporary slots before detaching shared statistics
+	 * so that the statistics for temporary slots are properly removed.
+	 */
+	if (MyReplicationSlot != NULL)
+		ReplicationSlotRelease();
+
+	ReplicationSlotCleanup();
+
+	Assert(pgStatDSA);
+
+	/* We shouldn't leave a reference to shared stats. */
+	pgstat_shared_refs_release_all();
+
+	dshash_detach(pgStatSharedHash);
+	pgStatSharedHash = NULL;
+
+	/* there shouldn't be any pending changes left */
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending));
+	dlist_init(&pgStatPending);
+
+	dsa_detach(pgStatDSA);
+	pgStatDSA = NULL;
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -708,10 +622,26 @@ pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 void
 pgstat_initialize(void)
 {
+	MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
+	/* should only get initialized once */
+	Assert(pgStatDSA == NULL);
+
+	/* stats shared memory persists for the backend lifetime */
+	oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
+
+	pgStatDSA = dsa_attach_in_place(pgStatShmem->raw_dsa_area, NULL);
+	dsa_pin_mapping(pgStatDSA);
+
+	pgStatSharedHash = dshash_attach(pgStatDSA, &dsh_params,
+									 pgStatShmem->hash_handle, 0);
+
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+
 	pgstat_wal_initialize();
 
-	/* Set up a process-exit hook to clean up */
-	on_shmem_exit(pgstat_shutdown_hook, 0);
+	/* need to be called before dsm shutdown */
+	before_shmem_exit(pgstat_shutdown_hook, 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -720,6 +650,57 @@ pgstat_initialize(void)
  *------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
+/*
+ * AFIXME: Should all the stats drop code be moved into pgstat_drop.c?
+ */
+static void
+AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
+{
+	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+
+	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
+	{
+		Assert(dlist_is_empty(&xact_state->pending_drops));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	dlist_foreach_modify(iter, &xact_state->pending_drops)
+	{
+		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
+			dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+
+		elog(DEBUG2, "on %s checking if to to dop %s stats %u/%u/%u",
+			 isCommit ? "commit" : "abort",
+			 pending->is_create ? "create" : "drop",
+			 pending->item.kind,
+			 pending->item.dboid,
+			 pending->item.objoid);
+
+		if (isCommit && !pending->is_create)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Transaction that dropped an object committed. Drop the stats
+			 * too.
+			 */
+			pgstat_perform_drop(&pending->item);
+		}
+		else if (!isCommit && pending->is_create)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Transaction that created an object aborted. Drop the stats
+			 * associated with the object.
+			 */
+			pgstat_perform_drop(&pending->item);
+		}
+
+		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
+		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
+		pfree(pending);
+	}
+
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count, 1);
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * AtEOXact_PgStat
  *
@@ -741,6 +722,7 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat(bool isCommit, bool parallel)
 		Assert(xact_state->prev == NULL);
 
 		AtEOXact_PgStat_Relations(xact_state, isCommit);
+		AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(xact_state, isCommit);
 	}
 	pgStatXactStack = NULL;
 
@@ -748,6 +730,54 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat(bool isCommit, bool parallel)
 	pgstat_clear_snapshot();
 }
 
+static void
+AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
+								bool isCommit, int nestDepth)
+{
+	PgStat_SubXactStatus *parent_xact_state;
+	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+
+	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
+		return;
+
+	parent_xact_state = pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(nestDepth - 1);
+
+	dlist_foreach_modify(iter, &xact_state->pending_drops)
+	{
+		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
+			dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+
+		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
+		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
+
+		if (!isCommit && pending->is_create)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Subtransaction creating a new stats object aborted. Drop the
+			 * stats object.
+			 */
+			pgstat_perform_drop(&pending->item);
+			pfree(pending);
+		}
+		else if (isCommit)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Subtransaction dropping a stats object committed. Can't yet
+			 * remove the stats object, the surrounding transaction might still
+			 * abort. Pass it on to the parent.
+			 */
+			dlist_push_tail(&parent_xact_state->pending_drops, &pending->node);
+			parent_xact_state->pending_drops_count++;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			pfree(pending);
+		}
+	}
+
+	Assert(xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0);
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * AtEOSubXact_PgStat
  *
@@ -768,6 +798,7 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat(bool isCommit, int nestDepth)
 		pgStatXactStack = xact_state->prev;
 
 		AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(xact_state, isCommit, nestDepth);
+		AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(xact_state, isCommit, nestDepth);
 
 		pfree(xact_state);
 	}
@@ -834,15 +865,18 @@ PostPrepare_PgStat(void)
 void
 pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 {
-	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
-	if (pgStatLocalContext)
-		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatLocalContext);
+	memset(&stats_snapshot.global_valid, 0, sizeof(stats_snapshot.global_valid));
+	stats_snapshot.stats = NULL;
+	stats_snapshot.mode = STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
-	/* Reset variables */
-	pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-	pgStatDBHash = NULL;
-	replSlotStats = NULL;
-	nReplSlotStats = 0;
+	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
+	if (pgStatSnapshotContext)
+	{
+		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatSnapshotContext);
+
+		/* Reset variables */
+		pgStatSnapshotContext = NULL;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Historically the backend_status.c facilities lived in this file, and
@@ -852,6 +886,60 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 	pgstat_clear_backend_activity_snapshot();
 }
 
+int
+pgstat_pending_stats_drops(bool isCommit, PgStat_DroppedStatsItem **items)
+{
+	PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state = pgStatXactStack;
+	int nitems = 0;
+	dlist_iter iter;
+
+	if (xact_state == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * We expect to be called for subtransaction abort (which logs a WAL
+	 * record), but not for subtransaction commit (which doesn't).
+	 */
+	Assert(!isCommit || xact_state->nest_level == 1);
+	Assert(!isCommit || xact_state->prev == NULL);
+
+	*items = palloc(xact_state->pending_drops_count
+					* sizeof(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem));
+
+	dlist_foreach(iter, &xact_state->pending_drops)
+	{
+		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
+			dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+
+		if (isCommit && pending->is_create)
+			continue;
+		if (!isCommit && !pending->is_create)
+			continue;
+
+		Assert(nitems < xact_state->pending_drops_count);
+		(*items)[nitems++] = pending->item;
+	}
+
+	return nitems;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Execute scheduled drops post-commit. Called from xact_redo_commit() during
+ * recovery, and from FinishPreparedTransaction() during normal commit
+ * processing.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_perform_drops(int ndrops, struct PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *items, bool is_redo)
+{
+	if (ndrops == 0)
+		return;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < ndrops; i++)
+		pgstat_perform_drop(&items[i]);
+
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count, 1);
+}
+
 /*
  * Ensure (sub)transaction stack entry for the given nest_level exists, adding
  * it if needed.
@@ -867,6 +955,8 @@ pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(int nest_level)
 		xact_state = (PgStat_SubXactStatus *)
 			MemoryContextAlloc(TopTransactionContext,
 							   sizeof(PgStat_SubXactStatus));
+		dlist_init(&xact_state->pending_drops);
+		xact_state->pending_drops_count = 0;
 		xact_state->nest_level = nest_level;
 		xact_state->prev = pgStatXactStack;
 		xact_state->first = NULL;
@@ -878,295 +968,167 @@ pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(int nest_level)
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
  * Public functions used by backends follow
- *------------------------------------------------------------
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_report_stat() -
+/*
+ * Must be called by processes that performs DML: tcop/postgres.c, logical
+ * receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to apply the so far collected
+ * per-table and function usage statistics to the shared statistics hashes.
  *
- *	Must be called by processes that performs DML: tcop/postgres.c, logical
- *	receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to send the so far collected
- *	per-table and function usage statistics to the collector.  Note that this
- *	is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair to use
- *	transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
+ * Updates are applied not more frequent than the interval of
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL milliseconds. They are also postponed on lock
+ * failure if force is false and there's no pending updates longer than
+ * PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL milliseconds. Postponed updates are retried in
+ * succeeding calls of this function.
  *
- *	"disconnect" is "true" only for the last call before the backend
- *	exits.  This makes sure that no data is lost and that interrupted
- *	sessions are reported correctly.
- * ----------
+ * Returns the time until the next timing when updates are applied in
+ * milliseconds if there are no updates held for more than
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL milliseconds.
+ *
+ * Note that this is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair
+ * to use transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
  */
-void
-pgstat_report_stat(bool disconnect)
+long
+pgstat_report_stat(bool force)
 {
-	static TimestampTz last_report = 0;
+	static TimestampTz next_flush = 0;
+	static TimestampTz pending_since = 0;
+	static long retry_interval = 0;
+	bool		partial_flush;
 	TimestampTz now;
+	bool		nowait;
+
+	/* "absorb" the forced flush even if there's nothing to flush */
+	if (pgStatForceNextFlush)
+	{
+		force = true;
+		pgStatForceNextFlush = false;
+	}
 
 	/* Don't expend a clock check if nothing to do */
-	if (!have_relation_stats &&
-		pgStatXactCommit == 0 && pgStatXactRollback == 0 &&
-		!have_function_stats && !disconnect)
-		return;
+	if (dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending) &&
+		!have_slrustats
+		&& !walstats_pending())
+	{
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-	 * msec since we last sent one, or the backend is about to exit.
+	 * There should never be stats to report once stats are shut down. Can't
+	 * assert that before the checks above, as there is an unconditional
+	 * pgstat_report_stat() call in pgstat_shutdown_hook() - which at least
+	 * the process that ran pgstat_before_server_shutdown() will still call.
 	 */
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
+
 	now = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
-	if (!disconnect &&
-		!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(last_report, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-		return;
 
-	/* for backends, send connection statistics */
+	if (!force)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Don't flush stats too frequently.  Return the time to the next
+		 * flush.
+		 */
+		if (now < next_flush)
+		{
+			/* Record the epoch time if retrying. */
+			if (pending_since == 0)
+				pending_since = now;
+
+			return (next_flush - now) / 1000;
+		}
+
+		/* But, don't keep pending updates longer than PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL. */
+
+		if (pending_since > 0 &&
+			TimestampDifferenceExceeds(pending_since, now, PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL))
+			force = true;
+	}
+
+	/* for backends, update connection statistics */
 	if (MyBackendType == B_BACKEND)
-		pgstat_send_connstats(disconnect, last_report);
+		pgstat_update_connstats(false);
 
-	last_report = now;
+	/* don't wait for lock acquisition when !force */
+	nowait = !force;
 
-	/* First, send relation statistics */
-	pgstat_send_tabstats();
+	partial_flush = false;
 
-	/* Now, send function statistics */
-	pgstat_send_funcstats();
+	/* flush database / relation / function / ... stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_pending_flush_stats(nowait);
 
-	/* Send WAL statistics */
-	pgstat_report_wal();
+	/* flush wal stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_wal(nowait);
 
-	/* Finally send SLRU statistics */
-	pgstat_send_slru();
+	/* flush SLRU stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_slru(nowait);
+
+	/*
+	 * Some of the pending stats may have not been flushed due to lock
+	 * contention.  If we have such pending stats here, let the caller know
+	 * the retry interval.
+	 */
+	if (partial_flush)
+	{
+		/* Retain the epoch time */
+		if (pending_since == 0)
+			pending_since = now;
+
+		/* The interval is doubled at every retry. */
+		if (retry_interval == 0)
+			retry_interval = PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL * 1000;
+		else
+			retry_interval = retry_interval * 2;
+
+		/*
+		 * Determine the next retry interval so as not to get shorter than the
+		 * previous interval.
+		 */
+		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(pending_since,
+										now + 2 * retry_interval,
+										PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL))
+			next_flush = now + retry_interval;
+		else
+		{
+			next_flush = pending_since + PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL * 1000;
+			retry_interval = next_flush - now;
+		}
+
+		return retry_interval / 1000;
+	}
+
+	/* Set the next time to update stats */
+	next_flush = now + PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL * 1000;
+	retry_interval = 0;
+	pending_since = 0;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Force locally pending stats to be flushed during the next
+ * pgstat_report_stat() call. This is useful for writing tests.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_force_next_flush(void)
+{
+	pgStatForceNextFlush = true;
+}
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_vacuum_stat() -
- *
- *	Will tell the collector about objects he can get rid of.
- * ----------
+/*
+ * FIXME: Probably need to handle "recently dropped but not yet removed" stats
+ * here.
  */
 void
 pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
 {
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge f_msg;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			len;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Read pg_database and make a list of OIDs of all existing databases
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(DatabaseRelationId, Anum_pg_database_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search the database hash table for dead databases and tell the
-	 * collector to drop them.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		/* the DB entry for shared tables (with InvalidOid) is never dropped */
-		if (OidIsValid(dbid) &&
-			hash_search(htab, (void *) &dbid, HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
-			pgstat_drop_database(dbid);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our own database entry; if not found, nothing more to do.
-	 */
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &MyDatabaseId,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry == NULL || dbentry->tables == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Similarly to above, make a list of all known relations in this DB.
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(RelationRelationId, Anum_pg_class_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Initialize our messages table counter to zero
-	 */
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check for all tables listed in stats hashtable if they still exist.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			tabid = tabentry->tableid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &tabid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-			continue;
-
-		/*
-		 * Not there, so add this table's Oid to the message
-		 */
-		msg.m_tableid[msg.m_nentries++] = tabid;
-
-		/*
-		 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-		 */
-		if (msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-				+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-			msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-			pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Send the rest
-	 */
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-	{
-		len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-			+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-		msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now repeat the above steps for functions.  However, we needn't bother
-	 * in the common case where no function stats are being collected.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL &&
-		hash_get_num_entries(dbentry->functions) > 0)
-	{
-		htab = pgstat_collect_oids(ProcedureRelationId, Anum_pg_proc_oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&f_msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE);
-		f_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->functions);
-		while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			Oid			funcid = funcentry->functionid;
-
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &funcid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * Not there, so add this function's Oid to the message
-			 */
-			f_msg.m_functionid[f_msg.m_nentries++] = funcid;
-
-			/*
-			 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-			 */
-			if (f_msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE)
-			{
-				len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-					+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-				pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-
-				f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Send the rest
-		 */
-		if (f_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-				+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-		}
-
-		hash_destroy(htab);
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_collect_oids() -
- *
- *	Collect the OIDs of all objects listed in the specified system catalog
- *	into a temporary hash table.  Caller should hash_destroy the result
- *	when done with it.  (However, we make the table in CurrentMemoryContext
- *	so that it will be freed properly in event of an error.)
- * ----------
- */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
-{
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	Relation	rel;
-	TableScanDesc scan;
-	HeapTuple	tup;
-	Snapshot	snapshot;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = CurrentMemoryContext;
-	htab = hash_create("Temporary table of OIDs",
-					   PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-					   &hash_ctl,
-					   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	rel = table_open(catalogid, AccessShareLock);
-	snapshot = RegisterSnapshot(GetLatestSnapshot());
-	scan = table_beginscan(rel, snapshot, 0, NULL);
-	while ((tup = heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			thisoid;
-		bool		isnull;
-
-		thisoid = heap_getattr(tup, anum_oid, RelationGetDescr(rel), &isnull);
-		Assert(!isnull);
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		(void) hash_search(htab, (void *) &thisoid, HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-	}
-	table_endscan(scan);
-	UnregisterSnapshot(snapshot);
-	table_close(rel, AccessShareLock);
-
-	return htab;
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_reset_counters() -
  *
- *	Tell the statistics collector to reset counters for our database.
+ *	Reset counters for our database.
  *
  *	Permission checking for this function is managed through the normal
  *	GRANT system.
@@ -1175,20 +1137,46 @@ pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
 void
 pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg;
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *p;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	/* dshash entry is not modified, take shared lock */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatSharedHash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *header;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+		if (p->key.dboid != MyDatabaseId)
+			continue;
+
+		header = dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, p->body);
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		LWLockAcquire(&p->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+		memset(shared_stat_entry_data(p->key.kind, header), 0,
+			   shared_stat_entry_len(p->key.kind));
+
+		/*
+		 * FIXME: call into a dedicated function instead. Including creating
+		 * the stats entry if it doesn't eyt exist.
+		 */
+		if (p->key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_DB)
+		{
+			PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *dbstat = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) header;
+
+			dbstat->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		}
+		LWLockRelease(&p->lock);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_reset_single_counter() -
  *
- *	Tell the statistics collector to reset a single counter.
+ *	Reset a single counter.
  *
  *	Permission checking for this function is managed through the normal
  *	GRANT system.
@@ -1197,802 +1185,121 @@ pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_single_counter(Oid objoid, PgStat_Single_Reset_Type type)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *db_ref;
+	PgStatSharedRef *counter_ref;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *header;
+	PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
+	PgStatKind kind;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/* FIXME: move into a dedicated function */
+	db_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, MyDatabaseId, InvalidOid,
+								   false);
+	if (db_ref == NULL)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_resettype = type;
-	msg.m_objectid = objoid;
+	dbentry = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) db_ref->shared_stats;
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
+	/* XXX: isn't this pretty grotty behaviour? */
+	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
+	pgstat_shared_stat_lock(db_ref, false);
+	dbentry->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(db_ref);
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_ping() -
- *
- *	Send some junk data to the collector to increase traffic.
- * ----------
- */
-void
-pgstat_ping(void)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg;
+	/* Remove object if it exists, ignore if not */
+	switch (type)
+	{
+		case RESET_TABLE:
+			kind = PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE;
+			break;
+		case RESET_FUNCTION:
+			kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return;
+	}
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
+	counter_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(kind, MyDatabaseId, objoid, false);
+	if (!counter_ref || counter_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
+	pgstat_shared_stat_lock(counter_ref, false);
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_send_inquiry() -
- *
- *	Notify collector that we need fresh data.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_inquiry(TimestampTz clock_time, TimestampTz cutoff_time, Oid databaseid)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg;
+	header = counter_ref->shared_stats;
+	memset(shared_stat_entry_data(kind, header), 0,
+		   shared_stat_entry_len(kind));
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY);
-	msg.clock_time = clock_time;
-	msg.cutoff_time = cutoff_time;
-	msg.databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	the collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- *	that the database doesn't exist, it is just not yet known by the
- *	collector, so the caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- * ----------
- */
-PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid)
-{
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the requested database; return NULL if not found
-	 */
-	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-											  (void *) &dbid,
-											  HASH_FIND, NULL);
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(counter_ref);
 }
 
 /*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_global() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the global statistics struct.
- * ---------
+ * If a stats snapshot has been taken, return the timestamp at which that was
+ * done, and set *have_snapshot to true. Otherwise *hav_snapshot is set to
+ * false.
  */
-PgStat_GlobalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_global(void)
+TimestampTz
+pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &globalStats;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	the collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- *	that the table doesn't exist, it is just not yet known by the
- *	collector, so the caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- * ----------
- */
-PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
-{
-	Oid			dbid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our database, then look in its table hash table.
-	 */
-	dbid = MyDatabaseId;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
+	if (stats_snapshot.mode == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
 	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
+		*have_snapshot = true;
+		return stats_snapshot.snapshot_timestamp;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
-	 */
-	dbid = InvalidOid;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
-	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
-	}
+	*have_snapshot = false;
 
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
- * ----------
- */
-PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry = NULL;
-
-	/* load the stats file if needed */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/* Lookup our database, then find the requested function.  */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->functions != NULL)
-	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &func_id,
-														 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	}
-
-	return funcentry;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the archiver statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_ArchiverStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &archiverStats;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the bgwriter statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_BgWriterStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &globalStats.bgwriter;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the checkpointer statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &globalStats.checkpointer;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_wal() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the WAL statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_WalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &walStats;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_slru() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the slru statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_SLRUStats *
-pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return slruStats;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_replslot() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the replication slot statistics struct and sets the
- *	number of entries in nslots_p.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_ReplSlotStats *
-pgstat_fetch_replslot(int *nslots_p)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	*nslots_p = nReplSlotStats;
-	return replSlotStats;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Helper / infrastructure functions
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Helper functions
+ *------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_setup_memcxt() -
  *
- *	Create pgStatLocalContext, if not already done.
+ *	Create pgStatSnapshotContext if not already done.
  * ----------
  */
 static void
 pgstat_setup_memcxt(void)
 {
-	if (!pgStatLocalContext)
-		pgStatLocalContext = AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
-												   "Statistics snapshot",
-												   ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatSharedRefContext))
+		pgStatSharedRefContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "Backend statistics data",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatSnapshotContext))
+		pgStatSnapshotContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
+								  "Backend statistics snapshot",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_setheader() -
+ * pgstat_write_statsfile() -
+ *		Write the global statistics file, as well as DB files.
  *
- *		Set common header fields in a statistics message
- * ----------
- */
-void
-pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype)
-{
-	hdr->m_type = mtype;
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_send() -
- *
- *		Send out one statistics message to the collector
- * ----------
- */
-void
-pgstat_send(void *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			rc;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	((PgStat_MsgHdr *) msg)->m_size = len;
-
-	/* We'll retry after EINTR, but ignore all other failures */
-	do
-	{
-		rc = send(pgStatSock, msg, len, 0);
-	} while (rc < 0 && errno == EINTR);
-
-#ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
-	/* In debug builds, log send failures ... */
-	if (rc < 0)
-		elog(LOG, "could not send to statistics collector: %m");
-#endif
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * PgstatCollectorMain() -
- *
- *	Start up the statistics collector process.  This is the body of the
- *	postmaster child process.
- *
- *	The argc/argv parameters are valid only in EXEC_BACKEND case.
- * ----------
- */
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void
-PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	int			len;
-	PgStat_Msg	msg;
-	int			wr;
-	WaitEvent	event;
-	WaitEventSet *wes;
-
-	/*
-	 * Ignore all signals usually bound to some action in the postmaster,
-	 * except SIGHUP and SIGQUIT.  Note we don't need a SIGUSR1 handler to
-	 * support latch operations, because we only use a local latch.
-	 */
-	pqsignal(SIGHUP, SignalHandlerForConfigReload);
-	pqsignal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGQUIT, SignalHandlerForShutdownRequest);
-	pqsignal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN);
-	/* Reset some signals that are accepted by postmaster but not here */
-	pqsignal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
-	PG_SETMASK(&UnBlockSig);
-
-	MyBackendType = B_STATS_COLLECTOR;
-	init_ps_display(NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Read in existing stats files or initialize the stats to zero.
-	 */
-	pgStatRunningInCollector = true;
-	pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, true, true);
-
-	/* Prepare to wait for our latch or data in our socket. */
-	wes = CreateWaitEventSet(CurrentMemoryContext, 3);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_LATCH_SET, PGINVALID_SOCKET, MyLatch, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH, PGINVALID_SOCKET, NULL, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_SOCKET_READABLE, pgStatSock, NULL, NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop to process messages until we get SIGQUIT or detect ungraceful
-	 * death of our parent postmaster.
-	 *
-	 * For performance reasons, we don't want to do ResetLatch/WaitLatch after
-	 * every message; instead, do that only after a recv() fails to obtain a
-	 * message.  (This effectively means that if backends are sending us stuff
-	 * like mad, we won't notice postmaster death until things slack off a
-	 * bit; which seems fine.)	To do that, we have an inner loop that
-	 * iterates as long as recv() succeeds.  We do check ConfigReloadPending
-	 * inside the inner loop, which means that such interrupts will get
-	 * serviced but the latch won't get cleared until next time there is a
-	 * break in the action.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		/* Clear any already-pending wakeups */
-		ResetLatch(MyLatch);
-
-		/*
-		 * Quit if we get SIGQUIT from the postmaster.
-		 */
-		if (ShutdownRequestPending)
-			break;
-
-		/*
-		 * Inner loop iterates as long as we keep getting messages, or until
-		 * ShutdownRequestPending becomes set.
-		 */
-		while (!ShutdownRequestPending)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Reload configuration if we got SIGHUP from the postmaster.
-			 */
-			if (ConfigReloadPending)
-			{
-				ConfigReloadPending = false;
-				ProcessConfigFile(PGC_SIGHUP);
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * Write the stats file(s) if a new request has arrived that is
-			 * not satisfied by existing file(s).
-			 */
-			if (pgstat_write_statsfile_needed())
-				pgstat_write_statsfiles(false, false);
-
-			/*
-			 * Try to receive and process a message.  This will not block,
-			 * since the socket is set to non-blocking mode.
-			 *
-			 * XXX On Windows, we have to force pgwin32_recv to cooperate,
-			 * despite the previous use of pg_set_noblock() on the socket.
-			 * This is extremely broken and should be fixed someday.
-			 */
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 1;
-#endif
-
-			len = recv(pgStatSock, (char *) &msg,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_Msg), 0);
-
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 0;
-#endif
-
-			if (len < 0)
-			{
-				if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EINTR)
-					break;		/* out of inner loop */
-				ereport(ERROR,
-						(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-						 errmsg("could not read statistics message: %m")));
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * We ignore messages that are smaller than our common header
-			 */
-			if (len < sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * The received length must match the length in the header
-			 */
-			if (msg.msg_hdr.m_size != len)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * O.K. - we accept this message.  Process it.
-			 */
-			switch (msg.msg_hdr.m_type)
-			{
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY:
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY:
-					pgstat_recv_inquiry(&msg.msg_inquiry, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_tabstat(&msg.msg_tabstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_tabpurge(&msg.msg_tabpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB:
-					pgstat_recv_dropdb(&msg.msg_dropdb, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetcounter(&msg.msg_resetcounter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(&msg.msg_resetsharedcounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(&msg.msg_resetsinglecounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(&msg.msg_resetslrucounter,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(&msg.msg_resetreplslotcounter,
-													 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START:
-					pgstat_recv_autovac(&msg.msg_autovacuum_start, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM:
-					pgstat_recv_vacuum(&msg.msg_vacuum, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE:
-					pgstat_recv_analyze(&msg.msg_analyze, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER:
-					pgstat_recv_archiver(&msg.msg_archiver, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER:
-					pgstat_recv_bgwriter(&msg.msg_bgwriter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER:
-					pgstat_recv_checkpointer(&msg.msg_checkpointer, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL:
-					pgstat_recv_wal(&msg.msg_wal, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU:
-					pgstat_recv_slru(&msg.msg_slru, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_funcstat(&msg.msg_funcstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_funcpurge(&msg.msg_funcpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT:
-					pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(&msg.msg_recoveryconflict,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK:
-					pgstat_recv_deadlock(&msg.msg_deadlock, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE:
-					pgstat_recv_tempfile(&msg.msg_tempfile, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE:
-					pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(&msg.msg_checksumfailure,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT:
-					pgstat_recv_replslot(&msg.msg_replslot, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECTION:
-					pgstat_recv_connstat(&msg.msg_conn, len);
-					break;
-
-				default:
-					break;
-			}
-		}						/* end of inner message-processing loop */
-
-		/* Sleep until there's something to do */
-#ifndef WIN32
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, -1L, &event, 1, WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#else
-
-		/*
-		 * Windows, at least in its Windows Server 2003 R2 incarnation,
-		 * sometimes loses FD_READ events.  Waking up and retrying the recv()
-		 * fixes that, so don't sleep indefinitely.  This is a crock of the
-		 * first water, but until somebody wants to debug exactly what's
-		 * happening there, this is the best we can do.  The two-second
-		 * timeout matches our pre-9.2 behavior, and needs to be short enough
-		 * to not provoke "using stale statistics" complaints from
-		 * backend_read_statsfile.
-		 */
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, 2 * 1000L /* msec */ , &event, 1,
-							  WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#endif
-
-		/*
-		 * Emergency bailout if postmaster has died.  This is to avoid the
-		 * necessity for manual cleanup of all postmaster children.
-		 */
-		if (wr == 1 && event.events == WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH)
-			break;
-	}							/* end of outer loop */
-
-	/*
-	 * Save the final stats to reuse at next startup.
-	 */
-	pgstat_write_statsfiles(true, true);
-
-	FreeWaitEventSet(wes);
-
-	exit(0);
-}
-
-/*
- * Subroutine to clear stats in a database entry
- *
- * Tables and functions hashes are initialized to empty.
- */
-static void
-reset_dbentry_counters(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_hit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_returned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_updated = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted = 0;
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_lock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes = 0;
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks = 0;
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures = 0;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions = 0;
-	dbentry->total_session_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_active_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_fatal = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_killed = 0;
-
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-	dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-								  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-								  &hash_ctl,
-								  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-	dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-									 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									 &hash_ctl,
-									 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-}
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified database. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this database */
-	result = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												&databaseid,
-												action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not found, initialize the new one.  This creates empty hash tables
-	 * for tables and functions, too.
-	 */
-	if (!found)
-		reset_dbentry_counters(result);
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified table. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, Oid tableoid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this table */
-	result = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-												 &tableoid,
-												 action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* If not found, initialize the new one. */
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		result->numscans = 0;
-		result->tuples_returned = 0;
-		result->tuples_fetched = 0;
-		result->tuples_inserted = 0;
-		result->tuples_updated = 0;
-		result->tuples_deleted = 0;
-		result->tuples_hot_updated = 0;
-		result->n_live_tuples = 0;
-		result->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-		result->changes_since_analyze = 0;
-		result->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-		result->blocks_fetched = 0;
-		result->blocks_hit = 0;
-		result->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->analyze_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-	}
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_write_statsfiles() -
- *		Write the global statistics file, as well as requested DB files.
- *
- *	'permanent' specifies writing to the permanent files not temporary ones.
- *	When true (happens only when the collector is shutting down), also remove
- *	the temporary files so that backends starting up under a new postmaster
- *	can't read old data before the new collector is ready.
- *
- *	When 'allDbs' is false, only the requested databases (listed in
- *	pending_write_requests) will be written; otherwise, all databases
- *	will be written.
+ * This function is called in the last process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  * ----------
  */
 static void
-pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
+pgstat_write_statsfile(void)
 {
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	FILE	   *fpout;
 	int32		format_id;
-	const char *tmpfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE : pgstat_stat_tmpname;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
+	const char *tmpfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
 	int			rc;
-	int			i;
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *ps;
+
+	Assert(pgStatDSA);
 
 	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
 
@@ -2009,11 +1316,6 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Set the timestamp of the stats file.
-	 */
-	globalStats.stats_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
 	/*
 	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
 	 */
@@ -2022,63 +1324,86 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
-	 * Write global stats struct
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&globalStats, sizeof(globalStats), 1, fpout);
+
+	/*
+	 * Write bgwriter global stats struct
+	 */
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats), 1, fpout);
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
-	 * Write archiver stats struct
+	 * Write checkpointer global stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&archiverStats, sizeof(archiverStats), 1, fpout);
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats, sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats), 1, fpout);
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
-	 * Write WAL stats struct
+	 * Write archiver global stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&walStats, sizeof(walStats), 1, fpout);
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats, sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats), 1,
+				fpout);
+	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+
+	/*
+	 * Write WAL global stats struct
+	 */
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->wal.stats, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats), 1, fpout);
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
 	 * Write SLRU stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(slruStats, sizeof(slruStats), 1, fpout);
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->slru.stats,
+				sizeof(PgStat_SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS]),
+				1, fpout);
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
-	 * Walk through the database table.
+	 * Walk through the stats entry
 	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatSharedHash, false);
+	while ((ps = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Write out the table and function stats for this DB into the
-		 * appropriate per-DB stat file, if required.
-		 */
-		if (allDbs || pgstat_db_requested(dbentry->databaseid))
-		{
-			/* Make DB's timestamp consistent with the global stats */
-			dbentry->stats_timestamp = globalStats.stats_timestamp;
+		PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *shstats;
+		size_t		len;
 
-			pgstat_write_db_statsfile(dbentry, permanent);
-		}
+		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-		/*
-		 * Write out the DB entry. We don't write the tables or functions
-		 * pointers, since they're of no use to any other process.
-		 */
-		fputc('D', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(dbentry, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables), 1, fpout);
+		/* we may have some "dropped" entries not yet removed, skip them */
+		if (ps->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		shstats = (PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *) dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, ps->body);
+
+		/* if not dropped the valid-entry refcount should exist */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&ps->refcount) > 0);
+
+		fputc('S', fpout);
+		rc = fwrite(&ps->key, sizeof(PgStatHashKey), 1, fpout);
+
+		/* Write except the header part of the etnry */
+		len = shared_stat_entry_len(ps->key.kind);
+		rc = fwrite(shared_stat_entry_data(ps->key.kind, shstats), len, 1, fpout);
 		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
 
 	/*
 	 * Write replication slot stats struct
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < nReplSlotStats; i++)
+	for (int i = 0; i < max_replication_slots; i++)
 	{
+		PgStat_ReplSlotStats *statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i];
+
+		if (statent->index == -1)
+			continue;
+
 		fputc('R', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(&replSlotStats[i], sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats), 1, fpout);
+		rc = fwrite(statent, sizeof(*statent), 1, fpout);
 		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 	}
 
@@ -2114,492 +1439,53 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
 						tmpfile, statfile)));
 		unlink(tmpfile);
 	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-		unlink(pgstat_stat_filename);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now throw away the list of requests.  Note that requests sent after we
-	 * started the write are still waiting on the network socket.
-	 */
-	list_free(pending_write_requests);
-	pending_write_requests = NIL;
-}
-
-/*
- * return the filename for a DB stat file; filename is the output buffer,
- * of length len.
- */
-static void
-get_dbstat_filename(bool permanent, bool tempname, Oid databaseid,
-					char *filename, int len)
-{
-	int			printed;
-
-	/* NB -- pgstat_reset_remove_files knows about the pattern this uses */
-	printed = snprintf(filename, len, "%s/db_%u.%s",
-					   permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY :
-					   pgstat_stat_directory,
-					   databaseid,
-					   tempname ? "tmp" : "stat");
-	if (printed >= len)
-		elog(ERROR, "overlength pgstat path");
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_write_db_statsfile() -
- *		Write the stat file for a single database.
+ * pgstat_read_statsfile() -
  *
- *	If writing to the permanent file (happens when the collector is
- *	shutting down only), remove the temporary file so that backends
- *	starting up under a new postmaster can't read the old data before
- *	the new collector is ready.
+ *	Reads in existing activity statistics file into the shared stats hash.
+ *
+ * This function is called in the only process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  * ----------
  */
 static void
-pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
+pgstat_read_statsfile(void)
 {
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS tstat;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpout;
-	int32		format_id;
-	Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-	int			rc;
-	char		tmpfile[MAXPGPATH];
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, true, dbid, tmpfile, MAXPGPATH);
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-
-	/*
-	 * Open the statistics temp file to write out the current values.
-	 */
-	fpout = AllocateFile(tmpfile, PG_BINARY_W);
-	if (fpout == NULL)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not open temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
-	 */
-	format_id = PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID;
-	rc = fwrite(&format_id, sizeof(format_id), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's access stats per table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&tstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&tstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('T', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(tabentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's function stats table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, dbentry->functions);
-	while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('F', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(funcentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
-	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
-	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite above.
-	 */
-	fputc('E', fpout);
-
-	if (ferror(fpout))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpout);
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile, statfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing temporary stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_read_statsfiles() -
- *
- *	Reads in some existing statistics collector files and returns the
- *	databases hash table that is the top level of the data.
- *
- *	If 'onlydb' is not InvalidOid, it means we only want data for that DB
- *	plus the shared catalogs ("DB 0").  We'll still populate the DB hash
- *	table for all databases, but we don't bother even creating table/function
- *	hash tables for other databases.
- *
- *	'permanent' specifies reading from the permanent files not temporary ones.
- *	When true (happens only when the collector is starting up), remove the
- *	files after reading; the in-memory status is now authoritative, and the
- *	files would be out of date in case somebody else reads them.
- *
- *	If a 'deep' read is requested, table/function stats are read, otherwise
- *	the table/function hash tables remain empty.
- * ----------
- */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbbuf;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	HTAB	   *dbhash;
 	FILE	   *fpin;
 	int32		format_id;
 	bool		found;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-	int			i;
-	TimestampTz	ts;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
 
-	/*
-	 * The tables will live in pgStatLocalContext.
-	 */
-	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
+	/* shouldn't be called from postmaster */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
 
-	/*
-	 * Create the DB hashtable
-	 */
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-	dbhash = hash_create("Databases hash", PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE, &hash_ctl,
-						 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	/* Allocate the space for replication slot statistics */
-	replSlotStats = MemoryContextAllocZero(pgStatLocalContext,
-										   max_replication_slots
-										   * sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats));
-	nReplSlotStats = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Clear out global, archiver, WAL and SLRU statistics so they start from
-	 * zero in case we can't load an existing statsfile.
-	 */
-	memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-	memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-	memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-	memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
+	elog(DEBUG2, "reading stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
 
 	/*
 	 * Set the current timestamp (will be kept only in case we can't load an
 	 * existing statsfile).
 	 */
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the same reset timestamp for all SLRU items too.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-		slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the same reset timestamp for all replication slots too.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < max_replication_slots; i++)
-		replSlotStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+	pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.stat_reset_timestamp =
+		pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats.stat_reset_timestamp;
+	pgStatShmem->wal.stats.stat_reset_timestamp =
+		pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats.stat_reset_timestamp;
 
 	/*
 	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
+	 * returns zero for anything and the activity statistics simply starts
+	 * from scratch with empty counters.
 	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
+	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the activity statistics is not running or
+	 * has not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
 	 * condition is suspicious.
 	 */
 	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
 	{
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return dbhash;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&globalStats, 1, sizeof(globalStats), fpin) != sizeof(globalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the permanent
-	 * stats file; we should be willing to write a temp stats file immediately
-	 * upon the first request from any backend.  This only matters if the old
-	 * file's timestamp is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL ago, but that's not
-	 * an unusual scenario.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-		globalStats.stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&archiverStats, 1, sizeof(archiverStats), fpin) != sizeof(archiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&walStats, 1, sizeof(walStats), fpin) != sizeof(walStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(slruStats, 1, sizeof(slruStats), fpin) != sizeof(slruStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbbuf, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Add to the DB hash
-				 */
-				dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(dbhash,
-															 (void *) &dbbuf.databaseid,
-															 HASH_ENTER,
-															 &found);
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(dbentry, &dbbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry));
-				dbentry->tables = NULL;
-				dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-				/*
-				 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the
-				 * permanent stats file; we should be willing to write a temp
-				 * stats file immediately upon the first request from any
-				 * backend.
-				 */
-				if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-					dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-				/*
-				 * Don't create tables/functions hashtables for uninteresting
-				 * databases.
-				 */
-				if (onlydb != InvalidOid)
-				{
-					if (dbbuf.databaseid != onlydb &&
-						dbbuf.databaseid != InvalidOid)
-						break;
-				}
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-											  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-											  &hash_ctl,
-											  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-												 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-												 &hash_ctl,
-												 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				/*
-				 * If requested, read the data from the database-specific
-				 * file.  Otherwise we just leave the hashtables empty.
-				 */
-				if (deep)
-					pgstat_read_db_statsfile(dbentry->databaseid,
-											 dbentry->tables,
-											 dbentry->functions,
-											 permanent);
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_ReplSlotStats struct describing a replication
-				 * slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				if (fread(&replSlotStats[nReplSlotStats], 1, sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					memset(&replSlotStats[nReplSlotStats], 0, sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats));
-					goto done;
-				}
-				nReplSlotStats++;
-				break;
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-								statfile)));
-				goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-
-	/* If requested to read the permanent file, also get rid of it. */
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-
-	return dbhash;
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_read_db_statsfile() -
- *
- *	Reads in the existing statistics collector file for the given database,
- *	filling the passed-in tables and functions hash tables.
- *
- *	As in pgstat_read_statsfiles, if the permanent file is requested, it is
- *	removed after reading.
- *
- *	Note: this code has the ability to skip storing per-table or per-function
- *	data, if NULL is passed for the corresponding hashtable.  That's not used
- *	at the moment though.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-						 bool permanent)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry tabbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry funcbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	bool		found;
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, databaseid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
-	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
-	 * condition is suspicious.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
+			ereport(LOG,
 					(errcode_for_file_access(),
 					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
 							statfile)));
@@ -2612,95 +1498,159 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
 	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
 		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
 	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
+		ereport(LOG,
 				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
 		goto done;
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * Read bgwiter stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats), fpin) !=
+		sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats))
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		MemSet(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Read checkpointer stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats), fpin) !=
+		sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats))
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		MemSet(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Read archiver stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats),
+			  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats))
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		MemSet(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Read WAL stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->wal.stats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats), fpin)
+		!= sizeof(PgStat_WalStats))
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		MemSet(&pgStatShmem->wal.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Read SLRU stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->slru.stats, 1, SizeOfSlruStats, fpin) != SizeOfSlruStats)
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We found an existing activity statistics file. Read it and put all the
+	 * hash table entries into place.
 	 */
 	for (;;)
 	{
 		switch (fgetc(fpin))
 		{
-				/*
-				 * 'T'	A PgStat_StatTabEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'T':
-				if (fread(&tabbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry))
+			case 'S':
 				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
+					PgStatHashKey key;
+					PgStatShmHashEntry *p;
+					PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *header;
+					size_t		len;
+
+					CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+					if (fread(&key, 1, sizeof(key), fpin) != sizeof(key))
+					{
+						ereport(LOG,
+								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+						goto done;
+					}
+
+					/*
+					 * This intentionally doesn't use pgstat_shared_ref_get()
+					 * - putting all stats into checkpointer's
+					 * pgStatSharedRefHash would be wasted effort and memory.
+					 */
+					p = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatSharedHash, &key, &found);
+
+					/* don't allow duplicate entries */
+					if (found)
+					{
+						dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, p);
+						ereport(LOG,
+								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
+										statfile)));
+						goto done;
+					}
+
+					header = pgstat_shared_stat_entry_init(key.kind, p, 1);
+					dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, p);
+
+					/* Avoid overwriting header part */
+					len = shared_stat_entry_len(key.kind);
+
+					if (fread(shared_stat_entry_data(key.kind, header), 1, len, fpin) != len)
+					{
+						ereport(LOG,
+								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+						goto done;
+					}
 
-				/*
-				 * Skip if table data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (tabhash == NULL)
 					break;
-
-				tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(tabhash,
-															   (void *) &tabbuf.tableid,
-															   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
 				}
 
-				memcpy(tabentry, &tabbuf, sizeof(tabbuf));
+			case 'R':
+				{
+					PgStat_ReplSlotStats tmp;
+
+					if (fread(&tmp, 1, sizeof(tmp), fpin) != sizeof(tmp))
+					{
+						ereport(LOG,
+								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+						goto done;
+					}
+
+					/*
+					 * AFIXME: ask slot.c for the proper index - it may be
+					 * different from before. Then we can remove
+					 * PgStat_ReplSlotStats.index.
+					 */
+
+					if (tmp.index < max_replication_slots)
+						pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[tmp.index] = tmp;
+				}
 				break;
 
-				/*
-				 * 'F'	A PgStat_StatFuncEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'F':
-				if (fread(&funcbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Skip if function data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (funchash == NULL)
-					break;
-
-				funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(funchash,
-																 (void *) &funcbuf.functionid,
-																 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(funcentry, &funcbuf, sizeof(funcbuf));
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'E'	The EOF marker of a complete stats file.
-				 */
 			case 'E':
 				goto done;
 
 			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
+				ereport(LOG,
 						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
 								statfile)));
 				goto done;
@@ -2710,1319 +1660,949 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
 done:
 	FreeFile(fpin);
 
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
+	elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+	unlink(statfile);
+
+	return;
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp() -
- *
- *	Attempt to determine the timestamp of the last db statfile write.
- *	Returns true if successful; the timestamp is stored in *ts. The caller must
- *	rely on timestamp stored in *ts iff the function returns true.
- *
- *	This needs to be careful about handling databases for which no stats file
- *	exists, such as databases without a stat entry or those not yet written:
- *
- *	- if there's a database entry in the global file, return the corresponding
- *	stats_timestamp value.
- *
- *	- if there's no db stat entry (e.g. for a new or inactive database),
- *	there's no stats_timestamp value, but also nothing to write so we return
- *	the timestamp of the global statfile.
- * ----------
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(Oid databaseid, bool permanent,
-								   TimestampTz *ts)
+static PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *
+pgstat_shared_stat_entry_init(PgStatKind kind,
+							  PgStatShmHashEntry *shhashent,
+							  int init_refcount)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbentry;
-	PgStat_GlobalStats myGlobalStats;
-	PgStat_ArchiverStats myArchiverStats;
-	PgStat_WalStats myWalStats;
-	PgStat_SLRUStats mySLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-	PgStat_ReplSlotStats myReplSlotStats;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
+	/* Create new stats entry. */
+	dsa_pointer chunk;
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *shheader;
 
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file.  As above, anything but ENOENT is worthy of
-	 * complaining about.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return false;
-	}
+	LWLockInitialize(&shhashent->lock, LWTRANCHE_STATS);
+	pg_atomic_init_u32(&shhashent->refcount, init_refcount);
+	shhashent->dropped = false;
 
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
+	chunk = dsa_allocate0(pgStatDSA, pgstat_kind_infos[kind].shared_size);
+	shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, chunk);
+	shheader->magic = 0xdeadbeef;
 
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myGlobalStats, 1, sizeof(myGlobalStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myGlobalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
+	/* Link the new entry from the hash entry. */
+	shhashent->body = chunk;
 
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myArchiverStats, 1, sizeof(myArchiverStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myArchiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myWalStats, 1, sizeof(myWalStats), fpin) != sizeof(myWalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(mySLRUStats, 1, sizeof(mySLRUStats), fpin) != sizeof(mySLRUStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/* By default, we're going to return the timestamp of the global file. */
-	*ts = myGlobalStats.stats_timestamp;
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file.  Read it and look for a
-	 * record for the requested database.  If found, use its timestamp.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbentry, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * If this is the DB we're looking for, save its timestamp and
-				 * we're done.
-				 */
-				if (dbentry.databaseid == databaseid)
-				{
-					*ts = dbentry.stats_timestamp;
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_ReplSlotStats struct describing a replication
-				 * slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				if (fread(&myReplSlotStats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-				break;
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-	return true;
+	return shheader;
 }
 
 /*
- * If not already done, read the statistics collector stats file into
- * some hash tables.  The results will be kept until pgstat_clear_snapshot()
- * is called (typically, at end of transaction).
- */
-static void
-backend_read_statsfile(void)
-{
-	TimestampTz min_ts = 0;
-	TimestampTz ref_ts = 0;
-	Oid			inquiry_db;
-	int			count;
-
-	/* already read it? */
-	if (pgStatDBHash)
-		return;
-	Assert(!pgStatRunningInCollector);
-
-	/*
-	 * In a normal backend, we check staleness of the data for our own DB, and
-	 * so we send MyDatabaseId in inquiry messages.  In the autovac launcher,
-	 * check staleness of the shared-catalog data, and send InvalidOid in
-	 * inquiry messages so as not to force writing unnecessary data.
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		inquiry_db = InvalidOid;
-	else
-		inquiry_db = MyDatabaseId;
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop until fresh enough stats file is available or we ran out of time.
-	 * The stats inquiry message is sent repeatedly in case collector drops
-	 * it; but not every single time, as that just swamps the collector.
-	 */
-	for (count = 0; count < PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT; count++)
-	{
-		bool		ok;
-		TimestampTz file_ts = 0;
-		TimestampTz cur_ts;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		ok = pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(inquiry_db, false, &file_ts);
-
-		cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-		/* Calculate min acceptable timestamp, if we didn't already */
-		if (count == 0 || cur_ts < ref_ts)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * We set the minimum acceptable timestamp to PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-			 * msec before now.  This indirectly ensures that the collector
-			 * needn't write the file more often than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL. In
-			 * an autovacuum worker, however, we want a lower delay to avoid
-			 * using stale data, so we use PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY (since the
-			 * number of workers is low, this shouldn't be a problem).
-			 *
-			 * We don't recompute min_ts after sleeping, except in the
-			 * unlikely case that cur_ts went backwards.  So we might end up
-			 * accepting a file a bit older than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.  In
-			 * practice that shouldn't happen, though, as long as the sleep
-			 * time is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL; and we don't want to
-			 * tell the collector that our cutoff time is less than what we'd
-			 * actually accept.
-			 */
-			ref_ts = cur_ts;
-			if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY);
-			else
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL);
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * If the file timestamp is actually newer than cur_ts, we must have
-		 * had a clock glitch (system time went backwards) or there is clock
-		 * skew between our processor and the stats collector's processor.
-		 * Accept the file, but send an inquiry message anyway to make
-		 * pgstat_recv_inquiry do a sanity check on the collector's time.
-		 */
-		if (ok && file_ts > cur_ts)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * A small amount of clock skew between processors isn't terribly
-			 * surprising, but a large difference is worth logging.  We
-			 * arbitrarily define "large" as 1000 msec.
-			 */
-			if (file_ts >= TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(cur_ts, 1000))
-			{
-				char	   *filetime;
-				char	   *mytime;
-
-				/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-				filetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(file_ts));
-				mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("statistics collector's time %s is later than backend local time %s",
-								filetime, mytime)));
-				pfree(filetime);
-				pfree(mytime);
-			}
-
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-			break;
-		}
-
-		/* Normal acceptance case: file is not older than cutoff time */
-		if (ok && file_ts >= min_ts)
-			break;
-
-		/* Not there or too old, so kick the collector and wait a bit */
-		if ((count % PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT) == 0)
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-
-		pg_usleep(PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY * 1000L);
-	}
-
-	if (count >= PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT)
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("using stale statistics instead of current ones "
-						"because stats collector is not responding")));
-
-	/*
-	 * Autovacuum launcher wants stats about all databases, but a shallow read
-	 * is sufficient.  Regular backends want a deep read for just the tables
-	 * they can see (MyDatabaseId + shared catalogs).
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, false, false);
-	else
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(MyDatabaseId, false, true);
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_inquiry() -
- *
- *	Process stat inquiry requests.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "received inquiry for database %u", msg->databaseid);
-
-	/*
-	 * If there's already a write request for this DB, there's nothing to do.
-	 *
-	 * Note that if a request is found, we return early and skip the below
-	 * check for clock skew.  This is okay, since the only way for a DB
-	 * request to be present in the list is that we have been here since the
-	 * last write round.  It seems sufficient to check for clock skew once per
-	 * write round.
-	 */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, msg->databaseid))
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check to see if we last wrote this database at a time >= the requested
-	 * cutoff time.  If so, this is a stale request that was generated before
-	 * we updated the DB file, and we don't need to do so again.
-	 *
-	 * If the requestor's local clock time is older than stats_timestamp, we
-	 * should suspect a clock glitch, ie system time going backwards; though
-	 * the more likely explanation is just delayed message receipt.  It is
-	 * worth expending a GetCurrentTimestamp call to be sure, since a large
-	 * retreat in the system clock reading could otherwise cause us to neglect
-	 * to update the stats file for a long time.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->databaseid, false);
-	if (dbentry == NULL)
-	{
-		/*
-		 * We have no data for this DB.  Enter a write request anyway so that
-		 * the global stats will get updated.  This is needed to prevent
-		 * backend_read_statsfile from waiting for data that we cannot supply,
-		 * in the case of a new DB that nobody has yet reported any stats for.
-		 * See the behavior of pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp.
-		 */
-	}
-	else if (msg->clock_time < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-	{
-		TimestampTz cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		if (cur_ts < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Sure enough, time went backwards.  Force a new stats file write
-			 * to get back in sync; but first, log a complaint.
-			 */
-			char	   *writetime;
-			char	   *mytime;
-
-			/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-			writetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(dbentry->stats_timestamp));
-			mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("stats_timestamp %s is later than collector's time %s for database %u",
-							writetime, mytime, dbentry->databaseid)));
-			pfree(writetime);
-			pfree(mytime);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Nope, it's just an old request.  Assuming msg's clock_time is
-			 * >= its cutoff_time, it must be stale, so we can ignore it.
-			 */
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-	else if (msg->cutoff_time <= dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-	{
-		/* Stale request, ignore it */
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We need to write this DB, so create a request.
-	 */
-	pending_write_requests = lappend_oid(pending_write_requests,
-										 msg->databaseid);
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_tabstat() -
- *
- *	Count what the backend has done.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	int			i;
-	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Update database-wide stats.
-	 */
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_commit);
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_rollback);
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time += msg->m_block_read_time;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time += msg->m_block_write_time;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		PgStat_TableEntry *tabmsg = &(msg->m_entry[i]);
-
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &(tabmsg->t_id),
-													   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new table entry, initialize counters to the values we
-			 * just got.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans = tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze = tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-
-			tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans += tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-			/*
-			 * If table was truncated/dropped, first reset the live/dead
-			 * counters.
-			 */
-			if (tabmsg->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
-			{
-				tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-			}
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze += tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-		}
-
-		/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
-		/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
-
-		/*
-		 * Add per-table stats to the per-database entry, too.
-		 */
-		dbentry->n_tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_tabpurge() -
- *
- *	Arrange for dead table removal.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->tables)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_tableid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_dropdb() -
- *
- *	Arrange for dead database removal
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len)
-{
-	Oid			dbid = msg->m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(dbid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * If found, remove it (along with the db statfile).
-	 */
-	if (dbentry)
-	{
-		char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-
-		if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-		if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-		if (hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-						(void *) &dbid,
-						HASH_REMOVE, NULL) == NULL)
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errmsg("database hash table corrupted during cleanup --- abort")));
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetcounter() -
- *
- *	Reset the statistics for the specified database.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.  Nothing to do if not there.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * We simply throw away all the database's table entries by recreating a
-	 * new hash table for them.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-	dbentry->tables = NULL;
-	dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * Reset database-level stats, too.  This creates empty hash tables for
-	 * tables and functions.
-	 */
-	reset_dbentry_counters(dbentry);
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter() -
- *
- *	Reset some shared statistics of the cluster.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_resettarget == RESET_BGWRITER)
-	{
-		/* Reset the global, bgwriter and checkpointer statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == RESET_ARCHIVER)
-	{
-		/* Reset the archiver statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == RESET_WAL)
-	{
-		/* Reset the WAL statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Presumably the sender of this message validated the target, don't
-	 * complain here if it's not valid
-	 */
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter() -
- *
- *	Reset a statistics for a single object
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-	/* Remove object if it exists, ignore it if not */
-	if (msg->m_resettype == RESET_TABLE)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	else if (msg->m_resettype == RESET_FUNCTION)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter() -
- *
- *	Reset some SLRU statistics of the cluster.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			i;
-	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-	{
-		/* reset entry with the given index, or all entries (index is -1) */
-		if ((msg->m_index == -1) || (msg->m_index == i))
-		{
-			memset(&slruStats[i], 0, sizeof(slruStats[i]));
-			slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter() -
- *
- *	Reset some replication slot statistics of the cluster.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg,
-								 int len)
-{
-	int			i;
-	int			idx = -1;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	if (msg->clearall)
-	{
-		for (i = 0; i < nReplSlotStats; i++)
-			pgstat_reset_replslot(i, ts);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Get the index of replication slot statistics to reset */
-		idx = pgstat_replslot_index(msg->m_slotname, false);
-
-		/*
-		 * Nothing to do if the given slot entry is not found.  This could
-		 * happen when the slot with the given name is removed and the
-		 * corresponding statistics entry is also removed before receiving the
-		 * reset message.
-		 */
-		if (idx < 0)
-			return;
-
-		/* Reset the stats for the requested replication slot */
-		pgstat_reset_replslot(idx, ts);
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_autovac() -
- *
- *	Process an autovacuum signaling message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Store the last autovacuum time in the database's hashtable entry.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = msg->m_start_time;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_vacuum() -
- *
- *	Process a VACUUM message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
-
-	/*
-	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
-	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
-	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
-	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
-	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
-	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
-	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
-	 * stragglers.
-	 */
-	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
-	{
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_analyze() -
- *
- *	Process an ANALYZE message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
-
-	/*
-	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
-	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
-	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
-	 */
-	if (msg->m_resetcounter)
-		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
-
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
-	{
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->analyze_count++;
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_archiver() -
- *
- *	Process a ARCHIVER message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_failed)
-	{
-		/* Failed archival attempt */
-		++archiverStats.failed_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_failed_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_failed_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_failed_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Successful archival operation */
-		++archiverStats.archived_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_archived_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_archived_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_archived_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_bgwriter() -
- *
- *	Process a BGWRITER message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_written_clean += msg->m_buf_written_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.maxwritten_clean += msg->m_maxwritten_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_alloc += msg->m_buf_alloc;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_checkpointer() -
- *
- *	Process a CHECKPOINTER message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.checkpointer.timed_checkpoints += msg->m_timed_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.requested_checkpoints += msg->m_requested_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_write_time += msg->m_checkpoint_write_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_sync_time += msg->m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_checkpoints += msg->m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_backend += msg->m_buf_written_backend;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_fsync_backend += msg->m_buf_fsync_backend;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_wal() -
- *
- *	Process a WAL message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len)
-{
-	walStats.wal_records += msg->m_wal_records;
-	walStats.wal_fpi += msg->m_wal_fpi;
-	walStats.wal_bytes += msg->m_wal_bytes;
-	walStats.wal_buffers_full += msg->m_wal_buffers_full;
-	walStats.wal_write += msg->m_wal_write;
-	walStats.wal_sync += msg->m_wal_sync;
-	walStats.wal_write_time += msg->m_wal_write_time;
-	walStats.wal_sync_time += msg->m_wal_sync_time;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_slru() -
- *
- *	Process a SLRU message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len)
-{
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_zeroed += msg->m_blocks_zeroed;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_hit += msg->m_blocks_hit;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_read += msg->m_blocks_read;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_written += msg->m_blocks_written;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_exists += msg->m_blocks_exists;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].flush += msg->m_flush;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].truncate += msg->m_truncate;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict() -
- *
- *	Process a RECOVERYCONFLICT message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	switch (msg->m_reason)
-	{
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
-
-			/*
-			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
-			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
-			 */
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
-			break;
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_deadlock() -
- *
- *	Process a DEADLOCK message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks++;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_checksum_failure() -
- *
- *	Process a CHECKSUMFAILURE message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures += msg->m_failurecount;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = msg->m_failure_time;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_replslot() -
- *
- *	Process a REPLSLOT message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			idx;
-
-	/*
-	 * Get the index of replication slot statistics.  On dropping, we don't
-	 * create the new statistics.
-	 */
-	idx = pgstat_replslot_index(msg->m_slotname, !msg->m_drop);
-
-	/*
-	 * The slot entry is not found or there is no space to accommodate the new
-	 * entry.  This could happen when the message for the creation of a slot
-	 * reached before the drop message even though the actual operations
-	 * happen in reverse order.  In such a case, the next update of the
-	 * statistics for the same slot will create the required entry.
-	 */
-	if (idx < 0)
-		return;
-
-	/* it must be a valid replication slot index */
-	Assert(idx < nReplSlotStats);
-
-	if (msg->m_drop)
-	{
-		/* Remove the replication slot statistics with the given name */
-		if (idx < nReplSlotStats - 1)
-			memcpy(&replSlotStats[idx], &replSlotStats[nReplSlotStats - 1],
-				   sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats));
-		nReplSlotStats--;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Update the replication slot statistics */
-		replSlotStats[idx].spill_txns += msg->m_spill_txns;
-		replSlotStats[idx].spill_count += msg->m_spill_count;
-		replSlotStats[idx].spill_bytes += msg->m_spill_bytes;
-		replSlotStats[idx].stream_txns += msg->m_stream_txns;
-		replSlotStats[idx].stream_count += msg->m_stream_count;
-		replSlotStats[idx].stream_bytes += msg->m_stream_bytes;
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_connstat() -
- *
- *  Process connection information.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_connstat(PgStat_MsgConn *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_sessions += msg->m_count;
-	dbentry->total_session_time += msg->m_session_time;
-	dbentry->total_active_time += msg->m_active_time;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += msg->m_idle_in_xact_time;
-	switch (msg->m_disconnect)
-	{
-		case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
-		case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
-			/* we don't collect these */
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
-			break;
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_tempfile() -
- *
- *	Process a TEMPFILE message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes += msg->m_filesize;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files += 1;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_funcstat() -
- *
- *	Count what the backend has done.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry *funcmsg = &(msg->m_entry[0]);
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			i;
-	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++, funcmsg++)
-	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &(funcmsg->f_id),
-														 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new function entry, initialize counters to the values
-			 * we just got.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls = funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time = funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time = funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls += funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time += funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time += funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_funcpurge() -
- *
- *	Arrange for dead function removal.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->functions)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_functionid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_write_statsfile_needed() -
- *
- *	Do we need to write out any stats files?
- * ----------
+ * Helper function for pgstat_shared_ref_get().
  */
 static bool
-pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void)
+pgstat_shared_ref_get_cached(PgStatHashKey key, PgStatSharedRef **shared_ref_p)
 {
-	if (pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
+	bool found;
+	PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *cache_entry;
 
-	/* Everything was written recently */
-	return false;
-}
+	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_db_requested() -
- *
- *	Checks whether stats for a particular DB need to be written to a file.
- * ----------
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid)
-{
-	/*
-	 * If any requests are outstanding at all, we should write the stats for
-	 * shared catalogs (the "database" with OID 0).  This ensures that
-	 * backends will see up-to-date stats for shared catalogs, even though
-	 * they send inquiry messages mentioning only their own DB.
-	 */
-	if (databaseid == InvalidOid && pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
-
-	/* Search to see if there's an open request to write this database. */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, databaseid))
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_replslot_index
- *
- * Return the index of entry of a replication slot with the given name, or
- * -1 if the slot is not found.
- *
- * create_it tells whether to create the new slot entry if it is not found.
- * ----------
- */
-static int
-pgstat_replslot_index(const char *name, bool create_it)
-{
-	int			i;
-
-	Assert(nReplSlotStats <= max_replication_slots);
-	for (i = 0; i < nReplSlotStats; i++)
+	if (!pgStatSharedRefHash)
 	{
-		if (strcmp(replSlotStats[i].slotname, name) == 0)
-			return i;			/* found */
+		pgStatSharedRefHash =
+			pgstat_shared_ref_hash_create(pgStatSharedRefContext,
+										  PGSTAT_TABLE_HASH_SIZE, NULL);
+		pgStatSharedRefAge =
+			pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count);
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * The slot is not found.  We don't want to register the new statistics if
-	 * the list is already full or the caller didn't request.
+	 * pgStatSharedRefAge increments quite slowly than the time the
+	 * following loop takes so this is expected to iterate no more than
+	 * twice.
+	 *
+	 * XXX: Why is this a good place to do this?
 	 */
-	if (i == max_replication_slots || !create_it)
-		return -1;
+	while (pgstat_shared_refs_need_gc())
+		pgstat_shared_refs_gc();
 
-	/* Register new slot */
-	memset(&replSlotStats[nReplSlotStats], 0, sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats));
-	strlcpy(replSlotStats[nReplSlotStats].slotname, name, NAMEDATALEN);
+	/*
+	 * We immediately insert a cache entry, because it avoids 1) multiple
+	 * hashtable lookups in case of a cache miss 2) having to deal with
+	 * out-of-memory errors after incrementing
+	 * PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader->refcount.
+	 */
 
-	return nReplSlotStats++;
+	cache_entry = pgstat_shared_ref_hash_insert(pgStatSharedRefHash, key, &found);
+
+	if (!found || !cache_entry->shared_ref)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+		cache_entry->shared_ref = shared_ref =
+			MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatSharedRefContext,
+							   sizeof(PgStatSharedRef));
+		shared_ref->shared_stats = NULL;
+		shared_ref->shared_entry = NULL;
+		shared_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else if (cache_entry->shared_ref->shared_stats == NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(cache_entry->shared_ref->shared_entry == NULL);
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
+
+		shared_ref = cache_entry->shared_ref;
+		Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry != NULL);
+		Assert(shared_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
+
+		Assert(shared_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		/* should have at least our reference */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&shared_ref->shared_entry->refcount) > 0);
+	}
+
+	*shared_ref_p = cache_entry->shared_ref;
+	return found;
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_reset_replslot
+/*
+ * Get a shared stats reference. If create is true, the shared stats object is
+ * created if it does not exist.
+ */
+PgStatSharedRef *
+pgstat_shared_ref_get(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool create)
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *shhashent;
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *shheader = NULL;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	bool		shfound;
+
+	key.kind = type;
+	key.dboid = dboid;
+	key.objoid = objoid;
+
+	Assert(pgStatSharedHash != NULL);
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	/*
+	 * First check the lookup cache hashtable in local memory. If we find a
+	 * match here we can avoid taking locks / contention.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_shared_ref_get_cached(key, &shared_ref))
+		return shared_ref;
+
+	Assert(shared_ref != NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Do a lookup in the hash table first - it's quite likely that the entry
+	 * already exists, and that way we only need a shared lock.
+	 */
+	shhashent = dshash_find(pgStatSharedHash, &key, false);
+
+	if (shhashent)
+		shfound = true;
+	else if (create)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * It's possible that somebody created the entry since the above
+		 * lookup, fall through to the same path as before if so.
+		 */
+		shhashent = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatSharedHash, &key, &shfound);
+		if (!shfound)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Initialize refcount to 2, (1 marking it as valid, one for the
+			 * local reference). That prevents another backend from freeing
+			 * the entry once we release the lock below. The entry can't be
+			 * freed before the initialization because it can't be found as
+			 * long as we hold the dshash partition lock.
+			 */
+			shheader = pgstat_shared_stat_entry_init(type, shhashent, 2);
+
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, shhashent);
+
+			shared_ref->shared_stats = shheader;
+			shared_ref->shared_entry = shhashent;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		shfound = false;
+
+		/*
+		 * If we're not creating, delete the reference again. In all
+		 * likelihood it's just a stats lookup - no point wasting memory for a
+		 * shared ref to nothing...
+		 */
+		pgstat_shared_ref_release(key, shared_ref);
+
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (shfound)
+	{
+		shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, shhashent->body);
+
+		Assert(shheader->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		Assert(shhashent->dropped || pg_atomic_read_u32(&shhashent->refcount) > 0);
+
+		pg_atomic_fetch_add_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+
+		dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, shhashent);
+
+		shared_ref->shared_stats = shheader;
+		shared_ref->shared_entry = shhashent;
+	}
+
+	return shared_ref;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_shared_ref_release(PgStatHashKey key, PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref)
+{
+	Assert(shared_ref == NULL || shared_ref->pending == NULL);
+
+	if (shared_ref && shared_ref->shared_stats)
+	{
+		Assert(shared_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		Assert(shared_ref->pending == NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * AFIXME: this probably is racy. Another backend could look up the
+		 * stat, bump the refcount, as we free it.
+		 */
+		if (pg_atomic_fetch_sub_u32(&shared_ref->shared_entry->refcount, 1) == 1)
+		{
+			PgStatShmHashEntry *shent;
+			dsa_pointer dsap;
+
+			/*
+			 * We're the last referrer to this entry, try to drop the shared
+			 * entry.
+			 */
+
+			/* only dropped entries can reach a 0 refcount */
+			Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry->dropped);
+
+			shent = dshash_find(pgStatSharedHash,
+								&shared_ref->shared_entry->key,
+								true);
+			if (!shent)
+				elog(PANIC, "could not find just referenced shared stats entry");
+
+			if (pg_atomic_read_u32(&shared_ref->shared_entry->refcount) != 0)
+				elog(PANIC, "concurrent access to stats entry during deletion");
+
+			Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry == shent);
+
+			/*
+			 * Fetch dsa pointer before deleting entry - that way we can free the
+			 * memory after releasing the lock.
+			 */
+			dsap = shent->body;
+
+			dshash_delete_entry(pgStatSharedHash, shent);
+
+			dsa_free(pgStatDSA, dsap);
+			shared_ref->shared_stats = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!pgstat_shared_ref_hash_delete(pgStatSharedRefHash, key))
+		elog(PANIC, "something has gone wrong");
+
+	if (shared_ref)
+		pfree(shared_ref);
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_shared_stat_lock(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	LWLock *lock = &shared_ref->shared_entry->lock;
+
+	if (nowait)
+		return LWLockConditionalAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref)
+{
+	LWLockRelease(&shared_ref->shared_entry->lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function to fetch and lock shared stats.
+ */
+PgStatSharedRef *
+pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	/* find shared table stats entry corresponding to the local entry */
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(type, dboid, objoid, true);
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, nowait))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return shared_ref;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The length of the data portion of a shared memory stats entry (i.e. without
+ * transient data such as refcoutns, lwlocks, ...).
+ */
+static inline size_t
+shared_stat_entry_len(PgStatKind kind)
+{
+	size_t		sz = pgstat_kind_infos[kind].shared_data_len;
+
+	AssertArg(kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST);
+	Assert(sz != 0 && sz < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return sz;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a pointer to the data portion of a shared memory stats entry.
+ */
+static inline void*
+shared_stat_entry_data(PgStatKind kind, PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *entry)
+{
+	size_t		off = pgstat_kind_infos[kind].shared_data_off;
+
+	AssertArg(kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST);
+	Assert(off != 0 && off < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return ((char *)(entry)) + off;
+}
+
+static bool
+pgstat_shared_refs_need_gc(void)
+{
+	uint64		currage;
+
+	if (!pgStatSharedRefHash)
+		return false;
+
+	currage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count);
+
+	return pgStatSharedRefAge != currage;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_shared_refs_gc(void)
+{
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *ent;
+	uint64		currage;
+
+	currage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count);
+
+	/*
+	 * Some entries have been dropped. Invalidate cache pointer to
+	 * them.
+	 */
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatSharedRefHash, &i);
+	while ((ent = pgstat_shared_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatSharedRefHash, &i)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref = ent->shared_ref;
+
+		Assert(!shared_ref->shared_stats || shared_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+
+		/* cannot gc shared ref that has pending data */
+		if (shared_ref->pending != NULL)
+			continue;
+
+		if (shared_ref->shared_stats && shared_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+			pgstat_shared_ref_release(ent->key, shared_ref);
+	}
+
+	pgStatSharedRefAge = currage;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Release all local references to shared stats entries.
  *
- * Reset the replication slot stats at index 'i'.
- * ----------
+ * When a process exits it cannot do so while still holding references onto
+ * stats entries, otherwise the shared stats entries could never be freed.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_reset_replslot(int i, TimestampTz ts)
+pgstat_shared_refs_release_all(void)
 {
-	/* reset only counters. Don't clear slot name */
-	replSlotStats[i].spill_txns = 0;
-	replSlotStats[i].spill_count = 0;
-	replSlotStats[i].spill_bytes = 0;
-	replSlotStats[i].stream_txns = 0;
-	replSlotStats[i].stream_count = 0;
-	replSlotStats[i].stream_bytes = 0;
-	replSlotStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *ent;
+
+	if (pgStatSharedRefHash == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatSharedRefHash, &i);
+
+	while ((ent = pgstat_shared_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatSharedRefHash, &i))
+		   != NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(ent->shared_ref != NULL);
+
+		pgstat_shared_ref_release(ent->key, ent->shared_ref);
+	}
+
+	Assert(pgStatSharedRefHash->members == 0);
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_destroy(pgStatSharedRefHash);
+	pgStatSharedRefHash = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the appropriate PgStatSharedRef, preparing it to receive pending
+ * stats if not already done.
+ */
+PgStatSharedRef*
+pgstat_pending_prepare(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(type, dboid, objoid, true);
+
+	if (shared_ref->pending == NULL)
+	{
+		size_t entrysize = pgstat_kind_infos[type].pending_size;
+
+		Assert(entrysize != (size_t)-1);
+
+		shared_ref->pending = MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext, entrysize);
+		dlist_push_tail(&pgStatPending, &shared_ref->pending_node);
+	}
+
+	return shared_ref;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return an existing stats entry, or NULL.
+ *
+ * This should only be used for helper function for pgstatfuncs.c - outside of
+ * that it shouldn't be needed.
+ */
+PgStatSharedRef*
+pgstat_pending_fetch(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(type, dboid, objoid, false);
+
+	if (shared_ref == NULL || shared_ref->pending == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return shared_ref;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_pending_delete(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref)
+{
+	void *pending_data = shared_ref->pending;
+
+	Assert(pending_data != NULL);
+
+	/* FIXME: Move into a pgstat_kind_info callback */
+	switch (shared_ref->shared_entry->key.kind)
+	{
+		case PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE:
+			pgstat_relation_delink(((PgStat_TableStatus *) pending_data)->relation);
+			break;
+		case PGSTAT_KIND_DB:
+		case PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION:
+			break;
+		default:
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected");
+			break;
+	}
+
+	pfree(pending_data);
+	shared_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+	dlist_delete(&shared_ref->pending_node);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush out pending stats for database objects (databases, relations,
+ * functions).
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_pending_flush_stats(bool nowait)
+{
+	bool		have_pending = false;
+	dlist_node *cur = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Need to be a bit careful iterating over the list of pending
+	 * entries. Processing a pending entry may queue further pending entries
+	 * to the end of the list that we want to process, so a simple iteration
+	 * won't do. Further complicating matter is that we want to delete the
+	 * current entry in each iteration from the list if we flushed
+	 * successfully.
+	 *
+	 * So we just keep track of the next pointer in each loop iteration.
+	 */
+	if (!dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending))
+		cur = dlist_head_node(&pgStatPending);
+
+	while (cur)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref
+			= dlist_container(PgStatSharedRef, pending_node, cur);
+		PgStatHashKey key;
+		bool		remove;
+		dlist_node *next;
+
+		key = shared_ref->shared_entry->key;
+
+		Assert(!pgstat_kind_infos[key.kind].is_global);
+		Assert(pgstat_kind_infos[key.kind].flush_pending_cb != NULL);
+
+		/* flush the stats, if possible */
+		remove = pgstat_kind_infos[key.kind].flush_pending_cb(shared_ref, nowait);
+
+		Assert(remove || nowait);
+
+		/* determine next entry, before deleting the pending entry */
+		if (dlist_has_next(&pgStatPending, cur))
+			next = dlist_next_node(&pgStatPending, cur);
+		else
+			next = NULL;
+
+		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
+		if (remove)
+			pgstat_pending_delete(shared_ref);
+		else
+			have_pending = true;
+
+		cur = next;
+	}
+
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending) == !have_pending);
+
+	return have_pending;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_schedule_create(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	int			nest_level = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
+	PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state;
+	PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *drop = (PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *)
+		MemoryContextAlloc(TopTransactionContext, sizeof(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem));
+
+	xact_state = pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(nest_level);
+
+	drop->is_create = true;
+	drop->item.kind = kind;
+	drop->item.dboid = dboid;
+	drop->item.objoid = objoid;
+
+	dlist_push_tail(&xact_state->pending_drops, &drop->node);
+	xact_state->pending_drops_count++;
+
+	/*
+	 * AFIXME: It would be a good idea to check if an object with that key
+	 * already exists. WARN if so, and reset the stats to 0.
+	 */
+}
+
+/*
+ * AFIXME: deduplicate with pgstat_schedule_drop
+ * AFIXME: comment
+ * AFIXME: see notes about race conditions for functions in
+ *         pgstat_drop_function().
+ */
+void
+pgstat_schedule_drop(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	int			nest_level = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
+	PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state;
+	PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *drop = (PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *)
+		MemoryContextAlloc(TopTransactionContext, sizeof(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem));
+
+	xact_state = pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(nest_level);
+
+	drop->is_create = false;
+	drop->item.kind = kind;
+	drop->item.dboid = dboid;
+	drop->item.objoid = objoid;
+
+	dlist_push_tail(&xact_state->pending_drops, &drop->node);
+	xact_state->pending_drops_count++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Drop stats for the database and all the objects inside that database.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *p;
+	uint64		not_freed_count = 0;
+
+	Assert(OidIsValid(dboid));
+
+	Assert(pgStatSharedHash != NULL);
+
+	/* some of the dshash entries are to be removed, take exclusive lock. */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatSharedHash, true);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->key.dboid == dboid)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Even statistics for a dropped database might currently be
+			 * accessed (consider e.g. database stats for pg_stat_database).
+			 */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_stats_entry(&hstat))
+				not_freed_count++;
+		}
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * If some of the stats data could not be freed, signal the reference
+	 * holders to run garbage collection of their cached pgStatShmLookupCache.
+	 */
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pg_atomic_fetch_add_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Drop a shared stats entry. The entry must be exclusively locked.
+ *
+ * This marks the shared entry as dropped. However, the shared hash table
+ * entry and the stats entry are only deleted if there are no remaining
+ * references.
+ *
+ * Returns whether the stats data could be freed or not.
+ *
+ * AFIXME: This needs to be deduplicated with pgstat_shared_ref_release(). But
+ * it's not entirely trivial, because we can't use plain dshash_delete_entry()
+ * (but have to use dshash_delete_current()).
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_drop_stats_entry(dshash_seq_status *hstat)
+{
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *ent;
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+	dsa_pointer pdsa;
+	bool		did_free;
+
+	ent = dshash_get_current(hstat);
+	key = ent->key;
+	pdsa = ent->body;
+
+	/*
+	 * Signal that the entry is dropped - this will eventually cause other
+	 * backends to release their references.
+	 */
+	Assert(!ent->dropped);
+	ent->dropped = true;
+
+	/*
+	 * This backend might very well be the only backend holding a
+	 * reference. Ensure that we're not preventing it from being cleaned up
+	 * till later.
+	 *
+	 * XXX: don't do this while holding the dshash lock.
+	 */
+	if (pgStatSharedRefHash)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *shared_ref_entry;
+
+		shared_ref_entry =
+			pgstat_shared_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatSharedRefHash, key);
+
+		if (shared_ref_entry && shared_ref_entry->shared_ref)
+		{
+			Assert(shared_ref_entry->shared_ref->shared_entry == ent);
+			pgstat_shared_ref_release(shared_ref_entry->key,
+									  shared_ref_entry->shared_ref);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now that the entry isn't needed anymore, remove the refcount
+	 * representing a valid entry. If that causes the refcount to reach 0 no
+	 * other backend can have a reference, so we can free.
+	 */
+	if (pg_atomic_fetch_sub_u32(&ent->refcount, 1) == 1)
+	{
+		dshash_delete_current(hstat);
+		dsa_free(pgStatDSA, pdsa);
+		did_free = true;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		did_free = false;
+	}
+
+	return did_free;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_perform_drop(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *drop)
+{
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *shent;
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+
+	key.kind = drop->kind;
+	key.dboid = drop->dboid;
+	key.objoid = drop->objoid;
+
+	if (pgStatSharedRefHash)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *lohashent;
+
+		lohashent = pgstat_shared_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatSharedRefHash, key);
+
+		if (lohashent)
+		{
+			if (lohashent->shared_ref && lohashent->shared_ref->pending)
+				pgstat_pending_delete(lohashent->shared_ref);
+
+			pgstat_shared_ref_release(lohashent->key, lohashent->shared_ref);
+		}
+	}
+
+	shent = dshash_find(pgStatSharedHash, &key, true);
+	if (shent)
+	{
+		dsa_pointer pdsa;
+
+		Assert(shent->body != InvalidDsaPointer);
+		pdsa = shent->body;
+
+		/*
+		 * Signal that the entry is dropped - this will eventually cause other
+		 * backends to release their references.
+		 */
+
+		if (shent->dropped)
+			elog(ERROR, "can only drop stats once");
+		shent->dropped = true;
+
+		if (pg_atomic_fetch_sub_u32(&shent->refcount, 1) == 1)
+		{
+			dshash_delete_entry(pgStatSharedHash, shent);
+			dsa_free(pgStatDSA, pdsa);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, shent);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Fetching of stats
+ *------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+static void
+pgstat_fetch_prepare(void)
+{
+	if (stats_snapshot.stats == NULL)
+	{
+		pgstat_setup_memcxt();
+
+		stats_snapshot.stats = pgstat_snapshot_create(pgStatSnapshotContext,
+													  PGSTAT_TABLE_HASH_SIZE,
+													  NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_fetch_snapshot_build(void)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *p;
+
+	pgstat_fetch_prepare();
+
+	Assert(stats_snapshot.stats->members == 0);
+
+	stats_snapshot.snapshot_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/*
+	 * Build snapshot all variable stats.
+	 */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatSharedHash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		bool found;
+		PgStatSnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+		size_t entry_len;
+		PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *stats_data;
+
+		/*
+		 * Check if the stats object should be included in the
+		 * snapshot. Unless the stats kind can be accessed from all databases
+		 * (e.g. database stats themselves), we only include stats for the
+		 * current database or objects not associated with a database
+		 * (e.g. shared relations).
+		 */
+		if (p->key.dboid != MyDatabaseId &&
+			p->key.dboid != InvalidOid &&
+			!pgstat_kind_infos[p->key.kind].accessed_across_databases)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&p->refcount) > 0);
+
+		stats_data = dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, p->body);
+		Assert(stats_data);
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(stats_snapshot.stats, p->key, &found);
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		entry_len = pgstat_kind_infos[p->key.kind].shared_size;
+		entry->data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatSnapshotContext, entry_len);
+		memcpy(entry->data,
+			   shared_stat_entry_data(p->key.kind, stats_data),
+			   entry_len);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * Build snapshot of all global stats.
+	 */
+	for (int kind = 0; kind < PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
+	{
+		if (!pgstat_kind_infos[kind].is_global)
+		{
+			Assert(pgstat_kind_infos[kind].snapshot_cb == NULL);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		Assert(pgstat_kind_infos[kind].snapshot_cb != NULL);
+
+		stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] = false;
+
+		pgstat_kind_infos[kind].snapshot_cb();
+
+		Assert(!stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+		stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] = true;
+	}
+
+	stats_snapshot.mode = STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT;
+}
+
+void*
+pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	void *stats_data;
+	size_t data_size;
+	size_t data_offset;
+
+	/* should be called from backends */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+
+	pgstat_fetch_prepare();
+
+	AssertArg(type <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST);
+	AssertArg(!pgstat_kind_infos[type].is_global);
+
+	key.kind = type;
+	key.dboid = dboid;
+	key.objoid = objoid;
+
+	/* if we need to build a full snapshot, do so */
+	if (stats_snapshot.mode != STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT &&
+		pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		pgstat_fetch_snapshot_build();
+
+	/* if caching is desired, look up in cache */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+	{
+		PgStatSnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_lookup(stats_snapshot.stats, key);
+
+		if (entry)
+			return entry->data;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * if we built a full snapshot and it's not in stats_snapshot.stats, it
+	 * doesn't exist.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		return NULL;
+
+	stats_snapshot.mode = pgstat_fetch_consistency;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(type, dboid, objoid, false);
+
+	if (shared_ref == NULL || shared_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+	{
+		/* FIXME: need to remember that STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE */
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * FIXME: For STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE, should we instead allocate
+	 * stats in calling context?
+	 */
+
+	data_size = pgstat_kind_infos[type].shared_data_len;
+	data_offset = pgstat_kind_infos[type].shared_data_off;
+	stats_data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatSnapshotContext, data_size);
+	memcpy(stats_data, ((char*) shared_ref->shared_stats) + data_offset, data_size);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+	{
+		PgStatSnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+		bool found;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(stats_snapshot.stats, key, &found);
+		entry->data = stats_data;
+	}
+
+	return stats_data;
+}
+
+/*
+ * AFIXME: consistent naming
+ * AFIXME: deduplicate some of this code with pgstat_fetch_snapshot_build().
+ *
+ * AFIXME: it'd be nicer if we passed .snapshot_cb() the target memory
+ * location, instead of putting PgStatSnapshot into pgstat_internal.h
+ */
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStatKind kind)
+{
+	AssertArg(kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST);
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_infos[kind].is_global);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+	{
+		if (stats_snapshot.mode != STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+			pgstat_fetch_snapshot_build();
+
+		Assert(stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] == true);
+	}
+	else if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE ||
+		!stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind])
+	{
+		if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+			stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] = false;
+
+		pgstat_kind_infos[kind].snapshot_cb();
+
+		Assert(!stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+		stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] = true;
+	}
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
index 4a3ca78c1b7..3adfbb0dfe0 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
@@ -252,7 +252,6 @@ static pid_t StartupPID = 0,
 			WalReceiverPID = 0,
 			AutoVacPID = 0,
 			PgArchPID = 0,
-			PgStatPID = 0,
 			SysLoggerPID = 0;
 
 /* Startup process's status */
@@ -514,7 +513,6 @@ typedef struct
 	PGPROC	   *AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PGPROC	   *PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-	InheritableSocket pgStatSock;
 	pid_t		PostmasterPid;
 	TimestampTz PgStartTime;
 	TimestampTz PgReloadTime;
@@ -641,9 +639,8 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 * CAUTION: when changing this list, check for side-effects on the signal
 	 * handling setup of child processes.  See tcop/postgres.c,
 	 * bootstrap/bootstrap.c, postmaster/bgwriter.c, postmaster/walwriter.c,
-	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/pgstat.c,
-	 * postmaster/syslogger.c, postmaster/bgworker.c and
-	 * postmaster/checkpointer.c.
+	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/syslogger.c,
+	 * postmaster/bgworker.c and postmaster/checkpointer.c.
 	 */
 	pqinitmask();
 	PG_SETMASK(&BlockSig);
@@ -1333,12 +1330,6 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 */
 	RemovePgTempFiles();
 
-	/*
-	 * Initialize stats collection subsystem (this does NOT start the
-	 * collector process!)
-	 */
-	pgstat_init();
-
 	/*
 	 * Initialize the autovacuum subsystem (again, no process start yet)
 	 */
@@ -1788,11 +1779,6 @@ ServerLoop(void)
 				start_autovac_launcher = false; /* signal processed */
 		}
 
-		/* If we have lost the stats collector, try to start a new one */
-		if (PgStatPID == 0 &&
-			(pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY))
-			PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		/* If we have lost the archiver, try to start a new one. */
 		if (PgArchPID == 0 && PgArchStartupAllowed())
 			PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
@@ -2694,8 +2680,6 @@ SIGHUP_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGHUP);
 		if (SysLoggerPID != 0)
 			signal_child(SysLoggerPID, SIGHUP);
-		if (PgStatPID != 0)
-			signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGHUP);
 
 		/* Reload authentication config files too */
 		if (!load_hba())
@@ -3024,8 +3008,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				AutoVacPID = StartAutoVacLauncher();
 			if (PgArchStartupAllowed() && PgArchPID == 0)
 				PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
-			if (PgStatPID == 0)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
 
 			/* workers may be scheduled to start now */
 			maybe_start_bgworkers();
@@ -3092,13 +3074,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				SignalChildren(SIGUSR2);
 
 				pmState = PM_SHUTDOWN_2;
-
-				/*
-				 * We can also shut down the stats collector now; there's
-				 * nothing left for it to do.
-				 */
-				if (PgStatPID != 0)
-					signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -3177,22 +3152,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * Was it the statistics collector?  If so, just try to start a new
-		 * one; no need to force reset of the rest of the system.  (If fail,
-		 * we'll try again in future cycles of the main loop.)
-		 */
-		if (pid == PgStatPID)
-		{
-			PgStatPID = 0;
-			if (!EXIT_STATUS_0(exitstatus))
-				LogChildExit(LOG, _("statistics collector process"),
-							 pid, exitstatus);
-			if (pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-			continue;
-		}
-
 		/* Was it the system logger?  If so, try to start a new one */
 		if (pid == SysLoggerPID)
 		{
@@ -3639,22 +3598,6 @@ HandleChildCrash(int pid, int exitstatus, const char *procname)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, (SendStop ? SIGSTOP : SIGQUIT));
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Force a power-cycle of the pgstat process too.  (This isn't absolutely
-	 * necessary, but it seems like a good idea for robustness, and it
-	 * simplifies the state-machine logic in the case where a shutdown request
-	 * arrives during crash processing.)
-	 */
-	if (PgStatPID != 0 && take_action)
-	{
-		ereport(DEBUG2,
-				(errmsg_internal("sending %s to process %d",
-								 "SIGQUIT",
-								 (int) PgStatPID)));
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
-		allow_immediate_pgstat_restart();
-	}
-
 	/* We do NOT restart the syslogger */
 
 	if (Shutdown != ImmediateShutdown)
@@ -3880,8 +3823,6 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 					SignalChildren(SIGQUIT);
 					if (PgArchPID != 0)
 						signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGQUIT);
-					if (PgStatPID != 0)
-						signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -3905,8 +3846,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 	{
 		/*
 		 * PM_WAIT_DEAD_END state ends when the BackendList is entirely empty
-		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiver and stats
-		 * collector are gone too.
+		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiveris gone too.
 		 *
 		 * The reason we wait for those two is to protect them against a new
 		 * postmaster starting conflicting subprocesses; this isn't an
@@ -3916,8 +3856,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 		 * normal state transition leading up to PM_WAIT_DEAD_END, or during
 		 * FatalError processing.
 		 */
-		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) &&
-			PgArchPID == 0 && PgStatPID == 0)
+		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) && PgArchPID == 0)
 		{
 			/* These other guys should be dead already */
 			Assert(StartupPID == 0);
@@ -4122,8 +4061,6 @@ TerminateChildren(int signal)
 		signal_child(AutoVacPID, signal);
 	if (PgArchPID != 0)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, signal);
-	if (PgStatPID != 0)
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, signal);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5056,12 +4993,6 @@ SubPostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 		StartBackgroundWorker();
 	}
-	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forkcol") == 0)
-	{
-		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
-
-		PgstatCollectorMain(argc, argv);	/* does not return */
-	}
 	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forklog") == 0)
 	{
 		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
@@ -5174,12 +5105,6 @@ sigusr1_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 	if (CheckPostmasterSignal(PMSIGNAL_BEGIN_HOT_STANDBY) &&
 		pmState == PM_RECOVERY && Shutdown == NoShutdown)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Likewise, start other special children as needed.
-		 */
-		Assert(PgStatPID == 0);
-		PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		ereport(LOG,
 				(errmsg("database system is ready to accept read only connections")));
 
@@ -6096,7 +6021,6 @@ extern slock_t *ShmemLock;
 extern slock_t *ProcStructLock;
 extern PGPROC *AuxiliaryProcs;
 extern PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
 extern pg_time_t first_syslogger_file_time;
 
 #ifndef WIN32
@@ -6152,8 +6076,6 @@ save_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port,
 	param->AuxiliaryProcs = AuxiliaryProcs;
 	param->PreparedXactProcs = PreparedXactProcs;
 	param->PMSignalState = PMSignalState;
-	if (!write_inheritable_socket(&param->pgStatSock, pgStatSock, childPid))
-		return false;
 
 	param->PostmasterPid = PostmasterPid;
 	param->PgStartTime = PgStartTime;
@@ -6386,7 +6308,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	AuxiliaryProcs = param->AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PreparedXactProcs = param->PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalState = param->PMSignalState;
-	read_inheritable_socket(&pgStatSock, &param->pgStatSock);
 
 	PostmasterPid = param->PostmasterPid;
 	PgStartTime = param->PgStartTime;
@@ -6424,8 +6345,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	if (postmaster_alive_fds[1] >= 0)
 		ReserveExternalFD();
 #endif
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		ReserveExternalFD();
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c b/src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c
index 626fae8454c..95df2fb6a02 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ WalWriterMain(void)
 			left_till_hibernate--;
 
 		/* Send WAL statistics to the stats collector */
-		pgstat_send_wal(false);
+		pgstat_report_wal(false);
 
 		/*
 		 * Sleep until we are signaled or WalWriterDelay has elapsed.  If we
@@ -298,11 +298,11 @@ HandleWalWriterInterrupts(void)
 		 * Force to send remaining WAL statistics to the stats collector at
 		 * process exit.
 		 *
-		 * Since pgstat_send_wal is invoked with 'force' is false in main loop
+		 * Since pgstat_report_wal is invoked with 'force' is false in main loop
 		 * to avoid overloading to the stats collector, there may exist unsent
 		 * stats counters for the WAL writer.
 		 */
-		pgstat_send_wal(true);
+		pgstat_report_wal(true);
 
 		proc_exit(0);
 	}
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c
index 56cd473f9f3..3d35b55cf92 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c
@@ -1568,8 +1568,8 @@ is_checksummed_file(const char *fullpath, const char *filename)
  *
  * If 'missing_ok' is true, will not throw an error if the file is not found.
  *
- * If dboid is anything other than InvalidOid then any checksum failures detected
- * will get reported to the stats collector.
+ * If dboid is anything other than InvalidOid then any checksum failures
+ * detected will get reported to the activity stats facility.
  *
  * Returns true if the file was successfully sent, false if 'missing_ok',
  * and the file did not exist.
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
index 2f6803637bf..b4d582c4b66 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
@@ -1780,7 +1780,8 @@ UpdateDecodingStats(LogicalDecodingContext *ctx)
 		 (long long) rb->streamCount,
 		 (long long) rb->streamBytes);
 
-	pgstat_report_replslot(NameStr(ctx->slot->data.name),
+	pgstat_report_replslot(ctx->slot - ReplicationSlotCtl->replication_slots,
+						   NameStr(ctx->slot->data.name),
 						   rb->spillTxns, rb->spillCount, rb->spillBytes,
 						   rb->streamTxns, rb->streamCount, rb->streamBytes);
 	rb->spillTxns = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/slot.c b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
index 75a087c2f9d..8b0e85bb5f6 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/slot.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
@@ -328,7 +328,8 @@ ReplicationSlotCreate(const char *name, bool db_specific,
 	 * ReplicationSlotAllocationLock.
 	 */
 	if (SlotIsLogical(slot))
-		pgstat_report_replslot(NameStr(slot->data.name), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+		pgstat_report_replslot(slot - ReplicationSlotCtl->replication_slots,
+							   NameStr(slot->data.name), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 
 	/*
 	 * Now that the slot has been marked as in_use and active, it's safe to
@@ -700,17 +701,14 @@ ReplicationSlotDropPtr(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 				(errmsg("could not remove directory \"%s\"", tmppath)));
 
 	/*
-	 * Send a message to drop the replication slot to the stats collector.
-	 * Since there is no guarantee of the order of message transfer on a UDP
-	 * connection, it's possible that a message for creating a new slot
-	 * reaches before a message for removing the old slot. We send the drop
-	 * and create messages while holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock to
-	 * reduce that possibility. If the messages reached in reverse, we would
-	 * lose one statistics update message. But the next update message will
-	 * create the statistics for the replication slot.
+	 * Drop the statistics entry for the replication slot.  Do this while
+	 * holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock so that we don't drop a statistics
+	 * entry for another slot with the same name just created on another
+	 * session.
 	 */
 	if (SlotIsLogical(slot))
-		pgstat_report_replslot_drop(NameStr(slot->data.name));
+		pgstat_report_replslot_drop(slot - ReplicationSlotCtl->replication_slots,
+									NameStr(slot->data.name));
 
 	/*
 	 * We release this at the very end, so that nobody starts trying to create
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
index 231afa39884..b39f74cf4bc 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
@@ -2065,7 +2065,7 @@ BufferSync(int flags)
 			if (SyncOneBuffer(buf_id, false, &wb_context) & BUF_WRITTEN)
 			{
 				TRACE_POSTGRESQL_BUFFER_SYNC_WRITTEN(buf_id);
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_checkpoints++;
 				num_written++;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2175,7 +2175,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 	strategy_buf_id = StrategySyncStart(&strategy_passes, &recent_alloc);
 
 	/* Report buffer alloc counts to pgstat */
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
 
 	/*
 	 * If we're not running the LRU scan, just stop after doing the stats
@@ -2365,7 +2365,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 			if (++num_written >= bgwriter_lru_maxpages)
 			{
-				PendingBgWriterStats.m_maxwritten_clean++;
+				PendingBgWriterStats.maxwritten_clean++;
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2373,7 +2373,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 	}
 
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_written_clean += num_written;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_written_clean += num_written;
 
 #ifdef BGW_DEBUG
 	elog(DEBUG1, "bgwriter: recent_alloc=%u smoothed=%.2f delta=%ld ahead=%d density=%.2f reusable_est=%d upcoming_est=%d scanned=%d wrote=%d reusable=%d",
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
index 3e4ec53a97e..9f2640211fd 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(void)
 		size = add_size(size, BTreeShmemSize());
 		size = add_size(size, SyncScanShmemSize());
 		size = add_size(size, AsyncShmemSize());
+		size = add_size(size, StatsShmemSize());
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 		size = add_size(size, ShmemBackendArraySize());
 #endif
@@ -269,6 +270,7 @@ CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(void)
 	BTreeShmemInit();
 	SyncScanShmemInit();
 	AsyncShmemInit();
+	StatsShmemInit();
 
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
index 975d547f34b..565e48150de 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
@@ -175,7 +175,9 @@ static const char *const BuiltinTrancheNames[] = {
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND: */
 	"ParallelAppend",
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST: */
-	"PerXactPredicateList"
+	"PerXactPredicateList",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_STATS: */
+	"ActivityStatistics"
 };
 
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(BuiltinTrancheNames) ==
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt
index 6c7cf6c2956..8edb41c1cf5 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt
+++ b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt
@@ -53,3 +53,4 @@ XactTruncationLock					44
 # 45 was XactTruncationLock until removal of BackendRandomLock
 WrapLimitsVacuumLock				46
 NotifyQueueTailLock					47
+StatsLock							48
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c b/src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c
index 4dc24649df9..24994f6bf76 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c
@@ -413,11 +413,6 @@ smgrdounlinkall(SMgrRelation *rels, int nrels, bool isRedo)
 			smgrsw[which].smgr_close(rels[i], forknum);
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * It'd be nice to tell the stats collector to forget them immediately,
-	 * too. But we can't because we don't know the OIDs.
-	 */
-
 	/*
 	 * Send a shared-inval message to force other backends to close any
 	 * dangling smgr references they may have for these rels.  We should do
diff --git a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
index ad351e2fd1e..5737404c5fa 100644
--- a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
+++ b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
@@ -3327,6 +3327,12 @@ ProcessInterrupts(void)
 
 	if (ParallelMessagePending)
 		HandleParallelMessages();
+
+	if (IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending)
+	{
+		IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -3898,6 +3904,7 @@ PostgresMain(int argc, char *argv[],
 	volatile bool send_ready_for_query = true;
 	bool		idle_in_transaction_timeout_enabled = false;
 	bool		idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
+	bool		idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
 
 	/* Initialize startup process environment if necessary. */
 	if (!IsUnderPostmaster)
@@ -4294,11 +4301,12 @@ PostgresMain(int argc, char *argv[],
 		 * Note: this includes fflush()'ing the last of the prior output.
 		 *
 		 * This is also a good time to send collected statistics to the
-		 * collector, and to update the PS stats display.  We avoid doing
-		 * those every time through the message loop because it'd slow down
-		 * processing of batched messages, and because we don't want to report
-		 * uncommitted updates (that confuses autovacuum).  The notification
-		 * processor wants a call too, if we are not in a transaction block.
+		 * activity statistics, and to update the PS stats display.  We avoid
+		 * doing those every time through the message loop because it'd slow
+		 * down processing of batched messages, and because we don't want to
+		 * report uncommitted updates (that confuses autovacuum).  The
+		 * notification processor wants a call too, if we are not in a
+		 * transaction block.
 		 *
 		 * Also, if an idle timeout is enabled, start the timer for that.
 		 */
@@ -4332,6 +4340,8 @@ PostgresMain(int argc, char *argv[],
 			}
 			else
 			{
+				long stats_timeout;
+
 				/* Send out notify signals and transmit self-notifies */
 				ProcessCompletedNotifies();
 
@@ -4344,8 +4354,14 @@ PostgresMain(int argc, char *argv[],
 				if (notifyInterruptPending)
 					ProcessNotifyInterrupt();
 
-				pgstat_report_stat(false);
-
+				/* Start the idle-stats-update timer */
+				stats_timeout = pgstat_report_stat(false);
+				if (stats_timeout > 0)
+				{
+					idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = true;
+					enable_timeout_after(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+										 stats_timeout);
+				}
 				set_ps_display("idle");
 				pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
 
@@ -4379,9 +4395,9 @@ PostgresMain(int argc, char *argv[],
 		firstchar = ReadCommand(&input_message);
 
 		/*
-		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction and idle-session timeouts, if
-		 * active.  We do this before step (5) so that any last-moment timeout
-		 * is certain to be detected in step (5).
+		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction, idle-session and
+		 * idle-state-update timeouts if active.  We do this before step (5) so
+		 * that any last-moment timeout is certain to be detected in step (5).
 		 *
 		 * At most one of these timeouts will be active, so there's no need to
 		 * worry about combining the timeout.c calls into one.
@@ -4396,6 +4412,11 @@ PostgresMain(int argc, char *argv[],
 			disable_timeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, false);
 			idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
 		}
+		if (idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled)
+		{
+			disable_timeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT, false);
+			idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * (5) disable async signal conditions again.
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index a6594109e66..04f68527ee2 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
+#include "storage/procsignal.h"
 
 
 int	pgStatXactCommit = 0;
@@ -33,89 +34,119 @@ SessionEndType pgStatSessionEndCause = DISCONNECT_NORMAL;
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_drop_database() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector that we just dropped a database.
- *	(If the message gets lost, we will still clean the dead DB eventually
- *	via future invocations of pgstat_vacuum_stat().)
- * ----------
+ * Remove entry for the database being dropped.
+ *
+ * Some entries might be left alone due to lock failure or some stats are
+ * flushed after this but we will still clean the dead DB eventually via
+ * future invocations of pgstat_vacuum_stat().
+ *	----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_drop_database(Oid databaseid)
+pgstat_drop_database(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB);
-	msg.m_databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/*
+	 * FIXME: need to do this using the transactional mechanism. Not so much
+	 * because of rollbacks, but so the stats are removed on a standby
+	 * too. Maybe a dedicated drop type?
+	 */
+	pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(dboid);
 }
 
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_recovery_conflict() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about a Hot Standby recovery conflict.
+ * Report a Hot Standby recovery conflict.
  * --------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_recovery_conflict(int reason)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_reason = reason;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbentry = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	switch (reason)
+	{
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
+
+			/*
+			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
+			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
+			 */
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
+
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_deadlock() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about a deadlock detected.
+ * Report a detected deadlock.
  * --------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_deadlock(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbent = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_deadlocks++;
 }
 
 /* --------
- * pgstat_report_checksum_failures_in_db() -
+ * pgstat_report_checksum_failures_in_db -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about one or more checksum failures.
+ * Report one or more checksum failures.
  * --------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_checksum_failures_in_db(Oid dboid, int failurecount)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *sharedent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_failurecount = failurecount;
-	msg.m_failure_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * Update the shared stats directly - checksum failures should never be
+	 * common enough for that to be a problem.
+	 */
+	shared_ref =
+		pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, dboid, InvalidOid, false);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	sharedent = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	sharedent->stats.n_checksum_failures += failurecount;
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
 }
 
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_checksum_failure() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about a checksum failure.
+ * Reports one checksum failure in the current database.
  * --------
  */
 void
@@ -127,62 +158,189 @@ pgstat_report_checksum_failure(void)
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_tempfile() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about a temporary file.
+ * Report a temporary file.
  * --------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_tempfile(size_t filesize)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_filesize = filesize;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	if (filesize == 0)			/* Is there a case where filesize is really 0? */
+		return;
+
+	dbent = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_temp_bytes += filesize; /* needs check overflow */
+	dbent->n_temp_files++;
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_send_connstats() -
+ * pgstat_update_connstat() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about session statistics.
- *	The parameter "disconnect" will be true when the backend exits.
- *	"last_report" is the last time we were called (0 if never).
+ * Update local connection stats. The parameter "disconnect" will be true
+ * when the backend exits.
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_send_connstats(bool disconnect, TimestampTz last_report)
+pgstat_update_connstats(bool disconnect)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgConn msg;
+	static TimestampTz last_report = 0;
+	SessionEndType session_end_type = DISCONNECT_NOT_YET;
+	TimestampTz now;
 	long		secs;
 	int			usecs;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	Assert(MyBackendType == B_BACKEND);
+
+	if (session_end_type != DISCONNECT_NOT_YET)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECTION);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
+	now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	if (last_report == 0)
+		last_report = MyStartTimestamp;
+	TimestampDifference(last_report, now, &secs, &usecs);
+	last_report = now;
 
-	/* session time since the last report */
-	TimestampDifference(((last_report == 0) ? MyStartTimestamp : last_report),
-						GetCurrentTimestamp(),
-						&secs, &usecs);
-	msg.m_session_time = secs * 1000000 + usecs;
+	if (disconnect)
+		session_end_type = pgStatSessionEndCause;
 
-	msg.m_disconnect = disconnect ? pgStatSessionEndCause : DISCONNECT_NOT_YET;
+	dbentry = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	dbentry->n_sessions = (last_report == 0 ? 1 : 0);
+	dbentry->total_session_time += secs * 1000000 + usecs;
+	dbentry->total_active_time += pgStatActiveTime;
+	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
 
-	msg.m_active_time = pgStatActiveTime;
 	pgStatActiveTime = 0;
-
-	msg.m_idle_in_xact_time = pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
 	pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
 
-	/* report a new session only the first time */
-	msg.m_count = (last_report == 0) ? 1 : 0;
+	switch (session_end_type)
+	{
+		case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
+		case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
+			/* we don't collect these */
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
+			break;
+	}
+}
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgConn));
+/*
+ * pgstat_flush_db - flush out a local database stats entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true.
+ *
+ * Returns true if the entry is successfully flushed out.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_database(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *sharedent;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) shared_ref->pending;
+
+	if (shared_ref == NULL)
+		return false;
+
+	if (!pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, nowait))
+		return false;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+
+	sharedent = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+
+#define PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(item)		\
+	(sharedent)->stats.item += (pendingent)->item
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_returned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_inserted);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_updated);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_deleted);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_hit);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_deadlocks);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_bytes);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_files);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_checksum_failures);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_session_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_active_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_idle_in_xact_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_abandoned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_fatal);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_killed);
+#undef PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT
+
+	/*
+	 * Accumulate xact commit/rollback and I/O timings to stats entry of the
+	 * current database.
+	 */
+	if (OidIsValid(shared_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid))
+	{
+		sharedent->stats.n_xact_commit += pgStatXactCommit;
+		sharedent->stats.n_xact_rollback += pgStatXactRollback;
+		sharedent->stats.n_block_read_time += pgStatBlockReadTime;
+		sharedent->stats.n_block_write_time += pgStatBlockWriteTime;
+		pgStatXactCommit = 0;
+		pgStatXactRollback = 0;
+		pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
+		pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		sharedent->stats.n_xact_commit = 0;
+		sharedent->stats.n_xact_rollback = 0;
+		sharedent->stats.n_block_read_time = 0;
+		sharedent->stats.n_block_write_time = 0;
+	}
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
+
+	memset(pendingent, 0, sizeof(*pendingent));
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find or create a local PgStat_StatDBEntry entry for dboid.
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_pending_db_prepare(Oid dboid)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_prepare(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, dboid, InvalidOid);
+
+	return shared_ref->pending;
+
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry() -
+ *
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns the
+ * collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't necessarily
+ * mean that the database doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics,
+ * so the caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ * ----------
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dboid)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, dboid, InvalidOid);
 }
 
 void
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index c7922acd436..a9464a9df4c 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -28,18 +28,6 @@
 int			pgstat_track_functions = TRACK_FUNC_OFF;
 
 
-/*
- * Indicates if backend has some function stats that it hasn't yet
- * sent to the collector.
- */
-bool have_function_stats = false;
-
-/*
- * Backends store per-function info that's waiting to be sent to the collector
- * in this hash table (indexed by function OID).
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatFunctions = NULL;
-
 /*
  * Total time charged to functions so far in the current backend.
  * We use this to help separate "self" and "other" time charges.
@@ -48,6 +36,43 @@ static HTAB *pgStatFunctions = NULL;
 static instr_time total_func_time;
 
 
+/*
+ * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction aborts.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_create_function(Oid proid)
+{
+	pgstat_schedule_create(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,
+						   MyDatabaseId,
+						   proid);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_drop_function(Oid proid)
+{
+	/*
+	 * AFIXME: This is not bulletproof, because functions are not locked, and
+	 * therefore no sinval processing occurs when calling a function. Which in
+	 * turn means that new stats entries might be created for stats whose
+	 * shared stats entry already has been dropped.
+	 *
+	 * A probably solution is to not allow dropping stats from
+	 * pgStatSharedHash until no transaction is alive that could potentially
+	 * still see the row. E.g. by adding an xid to PgStatShmHashEntry which
+	 * needs to be older than the horizon for the entry to be removed.
+	 *
+	 * Or we could decide not to care, and ensure that we reset stats in
+	 * pgstat_create_function() / pgstat_schedule_create().
+	 */
+
+	pgstat_schedule_drop(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,
+						 MyDatabaseId,
+						 proid);
+}
+
 /*
  * Initialize function call usage data.
  * Called by the executor before invoking a function.
@@ -56,8 +81,8 @@ void
 pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 						   PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu)
 {
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *htabent;
-	bool		found;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *pending;
 
 	if (pgstat_track_functions <= fcinfo->flinfo->fn_stats)
 	{
@@ -66,29 +91,15 @@ pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (!pgStatFunctions)
-	{
-		/* First time through - initialize function stat table */
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_prepare(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,
+											 MyDatabaseId,
+											 fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid);
+	pending = shared_ref->pending;
 
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry);
-		pgStatFunctions = hash_create("Function stat entries",
-									  PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									  &hash_ctl,
-									  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	/* Get the stats entry for this function, create if necessary */
-	htabent = hash_search(pgStatFunctions, &fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid,
-						  HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-		MemSet(&htabent->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
-
-	fcu->fs = &htabent->f_counts;
+	fcu->fs = &pending->f_counts;
 
 	/* save stats for this function, later used to compensate for recursion */
-	fcu->save_f_total_time = htabent->f_counts.f_total_time;
+	fcu->save_f_total_time = pending->f_counts.f_total_time;
 
 	/* save current backend-wide total time */
 	fcu->save_total = total_func_time;
@@ -145,79 +156,75 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
 		fs->f_numcalls++;
 	fs->f_total_time = f_total;
 	INSTR_TIME_ADD(fs->f_self_time, f_self);
-
-	/* indicate that we have something to send */
-	have_function_stats = true;
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: populate and send a function stat message
+ * pgstat_flush_function - flush out a local function stats entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true.
+ *
+ * Returns true if the entry is successfully flushed out.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
+bool
+pgstat_flush_function(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait)
 {
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
-	static const PgStat_FunctionCounts all_zeroes;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *localent;	/* local stats entry */
+	PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry *shfuncent = NULL; /* shared stats entry */
 
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg;
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *entry;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
+	Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry->key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION);
+	localent = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) shared_ref->pending;
 
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return;
+	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
+	if (!pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, nowait))
+		return false;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
 
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, pgStatFunctions);
-	while ((entry = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		PgStat_FunctionEntry *m_ent;
+	shfuncent = (PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
 
-		/* Skip it if no counts accumulated since last time */
-		if (memcmp(&entry->f_counts, &all_zeroes,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts)) == 0)
-			continue;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_numcalls += localent->f_counts.f_numcalls;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_total_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_total_time);
+	shfuncent->stats.f_self_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_self_time);
 
-		/* need to convert format of time accumulators */
-		m_ent = &msg.m_entry[msg.m_nentries];
-		m_ent->f_id = entry->f_id;
-		m_ent->f_numcalls = entry->f_counts.f_numcalls;
-		m_ent->f_total_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_total_time);
-		m_ent->f_self_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_self_time);
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
 
-		if (++msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES)
-		{
-			pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-						msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-
-		/* reset the entry's counts */
-		MemSet(&entry->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
-	}
-
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-					msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-
-	have_function_stats = false;
+	return true;
 }
 
-/*
+/* ----------
  * find_funcstat_entry - find any existing PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry entry
  *		for specified function
  *
  * If no entry, return NULL, don't create a new one
+ * ----------
  */
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *
 find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id)
 {
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
 
-	return (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_search(pgStatFunctions,
-													   (void *) &func_id,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_fetch(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
+
+	if (shared_ref)
+		return shared_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry() -
+ *
+ *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ *	the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
+ *
+ *  The returned entry is stored in static memory so the content is valid until
+ *	the next call of the same function for the different function id.
+ * ----------
+ */
+PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c
index 375f9c185d1..36a34093ef9 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c
@@ -17,10 +17,11 @@
 
 #include "postgres.h"
 
-#include "executor/instrument.h"
-#include "replication/slot.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
+#include "executor/instrument.h"
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
+#include "replication/slot.h"
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -28,21 +29,20 @@
  * ----------
  */
 
-/*
- * Stored directly in a stats message structure so they can be sent
- * without needing to copy things around.  We assume these init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
-PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
-PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
+PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats = {0};
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats = {0};
+PgStat_WalStats	WalStats = {0};
+
 
 /*
- * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be sent to the collector.  These are
- * stored directly in stats message format so they can be sent without needing
- * to copy things around.  We assume this variable inits to zeroes.  Entries
- * are one-to-one with slru_names[].
+ * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be written to the shared activity
+ * statistics.  We assume this variable inits to zeroes.  Entries are
+ * one-to-one with slru_names[].
+ * Changes of SLRU counters are reported within critical sections so we use
+ * static memory in order to avoid memory allocation.
  */
-static PgStat_MsgSLRU SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+static PgStat_SLRUStats pending_SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+bool have_slrustats = false;
 
 /*
  * WAL usage counters saved from pgWALUsage at the previous call to
@@ -56,83 +56,179 @@ static WalUsage prevWalUsage;
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_reset_shared_counters() -
  *
- *	Tell the statistics collector to reset cluster-wide shared counters.
+ *	Reset cluster-wide shared counters.
  *
  *	Permission checking for this function is managed through the normal
  *	GRANT system.
+ *
+ *  We don't scribble on shared stats while resetting to avoid locking on
+ *  shared stats struct. Instead, just record the current counters in another
+ *  shared struct, which is protected by StatsLock. See
+ *  pgstat_fetch_stat_(archiver|bgwriter|checkpointer) for the reader side.
  * ----------
  */
 void
 pgstat_reset_shared_counters(const char *target)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	PgStat_Shared_Reset_Target t;
 
 	if (strcmp(target, "archiver") == 0)
-		msg.m_resettarget = RESET_ARCHIVER;
+		t = RESET_ARCHIVER;
 	else if (strcmp(target, "bgwriter") == 0)
-		msg.m_resettarget = RESET_BGWRITER;
+		t = RESET_BGWRITER;
 	else if (strcmp(target, "wal") == 0)
-		msg.m_resettarget = RESET_WAL;
+		t = RESET_WAL;
 	else
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg("unrecognized reset target: \"%s\"", target),
 				 errhint("Target must be \"archiver\", \"bgwriter\" or \"wal\".")));
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* Reset statistics for the cluster. */
+
+	switch (t)
+	{
+		case RESET_ARCHIVER:
+			LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+			pgstat_copy_global_stats(&pgStatShmem->archiver.reset_offset,
+									 &pgStatShmem->archiver.stats,
+									 sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats),
+									 &pgStatShmem->archiver.changecount);
+			pgStatShmem->archiver.reset_offset.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+			LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+			break;
+
+		case RESET_BGWRITER:
+			LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+			pgstat_copy_global_stats(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.reset_offset,
+									 &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats,
+									 sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats),
+									 &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.changecount);
+			pgstat_copy_global_stats(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.reset_offset,
+									 &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats,
+									 sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats),
+									 &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.changecount);
+			pgStatShmem->bgwriter.reset_offset.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+			LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+			break;
+
+		case RESET_WAL:
+
+			/*
+			 * Differently from the two cases above, WAL statistics has many
+			 * writer processes with the shared stats protected by
+			 * pgStatShmem->wal.lock.
+			 */
+			LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+			MemSet(&pgStatShmem->wal.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats));
+			pgStatShmem->wal.stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+			LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock);
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_send_archiver() -
+ * pgstat_report_archiver() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about the WAL file that we successfully
- *	archived or failed to archive.
+ * Report archiver statistics
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_send_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed)
+pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg;
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER);
-	msg.m_failed = failed;
-	strlcpy(msg.m_xlog, xlog, sizeof(msg.m_xlog));
-	msg.m_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	changecount_before_write(&pgStatShmem->archiver.changecount);
+
+	if (failed)
+	{
+		++pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.failed_count;
+		memcpy(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_failed_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_failed_wal));
+		pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_failed_timestamp = now;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		++pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.archived_count;
+		memcpy(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_archived_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_archived_wal));
+		pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_archived_timestamp = now;
+	}
+
+	changecount_after_write(&pgStatShmem->archiver.changecount);
+}
+
+PgStat_ArchiverStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER);
+
+	return &stats_snapshot.archiver;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_archiver(void)
+{
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats reset;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats *reset_offset = &pgStatShmem->archiver.reset_offset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_global_stats(&stats_snapshot.archiver,
+							 &pgStatShmem->archiver.stats,
+							 sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats),
+							 &pgStatShmem->archiver.changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats));
+	LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+	if (stats_snapshot.archiver.archived_count == reset.archived_count)
+	{
+		stats_snapshot.archiver.last_archived_wal[0] = 0;
+		stats_snapshot.archiver.last_archived_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stats_snapshot.archiver.archived_count -= reset.archived_count;
+
+	if (stats_snapshot.archiver.failed_count == reset.failed_count)
+	{
+		stats_snapshot.archiver.last_failed_wal[0] = 0;
+		stats_snapshot.archiver.last_failed_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stats_snapshot.archiver.failed_count -= reset.failed_count;
+
+	stats_snapshot.archiver.stat_reset_timestamp = reset.stat_reset_timestamp;
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_send_bgwriter() -
+ * pgstat_report_bgwriter() -
  *
- *		Send bgwriter statistics to the collector
+ * Report bgwriter statistics
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_send_bgwriter(void)
+pgstat_report_bgwriter(void)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgBgWriter all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_BgWriterStats all_zeroes;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats *s = &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats *l = &PendingBgWriterStats;
+
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid taking lock for a completely empty stats.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgBgWriter)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingBgWriterStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingBgWriterStats, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.changecount);
+
+	s->buf_written_clean += l->buf_written_clean;
+	s->maxwritten_clean += l->maxwritten_clean;
+	s->buf_alloc += l->buf_alloc;
+
+	changecount_after_write(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
@@ -140,31 +236,69 @@ pgstat_send_bgwriter(void)
 	MemSet(&PendingBgWriterStats, 0, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
 }
 
+PgStat_BgWriterStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER);
+
+	return &stats_snapshot.bgwriter;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_bgwriter(void)
+{
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats reset;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats *reset_offset = &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.reset_offset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_global_stats(&stats_snapshot.bgwriter,
+							 &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats,
+							 sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats),
+							 &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats));
+	LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+	stats_snapshot.bgwriter.buf_written_clean -= reset.buf_written_clean;
+	stats_snapshot.bgwriter.maxwritten_clean -= reset.maxwritten_clean;
+	stats_snapshot.bgwriter.buf_alloc -= reset.buf_alloc;
+	stats_snapshot.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = reset.stat_reset_timestamp;
+}
+
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_send_checkpointer() -
+ * pgstat_report_checkpointer() -
  *
- *		Send checkpointer statistics to the collector
+ * Report checkpointer statistics
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_send_checkpointer(void)
+pgstat_report_checkpointer(void)
 {
 	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgCheckpointer all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_CheckpointerStats all_zeroes;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats *s = &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats *l = &PendingCheckpointerStats;
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid taking lock for a completely empty stats.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingCheckpointerStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingCheckpointerStats, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.changecount);
+
+	s->timed_checkpoints += l->timed_checkpoints;
+	s->requested_checkpoints += l->requested_checkpoints;
+	s->checkpoint_write_time += l->checkpoint_write_time;
+	s->checkpoint_sync_time += l->checkpoint_sync_time;
+	s->buf_written_checkpoints += l->buf_written_checkpoints;
+	s->buf_written_backend += l->buf_written_backend;
+	s->buf_fsync_backend += l->buf_fsync_backend;
+
+	changecount_after_write(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
@@ -172,6 +306,39 @@ pgstat_send_checkpointer(void)
 	MemSet(&PendingCheckpointerStats, 0, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
 }
 
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER);
+
+	return &stats_snapshot.checkpointer;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_checkpointer(void)
+{
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats *reset_offset = &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.reset_offset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_global_stats(&stats_snapshot.checkpointer,
+							 &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats,
+							 sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats),
+							 &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats));
+	LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.timed_checkpoints -= reset.timed_checkpoints;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.requested_checkpoints -= reset.requested_checkpoints;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.buf_written_checkpoints -= reset.buf_written_checkpoints;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.buf_written_backend -= reset.buf_written_backend;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.buf_fsync_backend -= reset.buf_fsync_backend;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.checkpoint_write_time -= reset.checkpoint_write_time;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.checkpoint_sync_time -= reset.checkpoint_sync_time;
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_reset_replslot_counter() -
  *
@@ -185,20 +352,21 @@ pgstat_send_checkpointer(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg;
+	int			startidx;
+	int			endidx;
+	int			i;
+	TimestampTz ts;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	/*
+	 * AFIXME: pgstats has business no looking into slot.c structures at
+	 * this level of detail.
+	 */
 
 	if (name)
 	{
 		ReplicationSlot *slot;
 
-		/*
-		 * Check if the slot exits with the given name. It is possible that by
-		 * the time this message is executed the slot is dropped but at least
-		 * this check will ensure that the given name is for a valid slot.
-		 */
+		/* Check if the slot exits with the given name. */
 		LWLockAcquire(ReplicationSlotControlLock, LW_SHARED);
 		slot = SearchNamedReplicationSlot(name);
 		LWLockRelease(ReplicationSlotControlLock);
@@ -216,61 +384,156 @@ pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 		if (SlotIsPhysical(slot))
 			return;
 
-		strlcpy(msg.m_slotname, name, NAMEDATALEN);
-		msg.clearall = false;
+		/* reset this one entry */
+		startidx = endidx = slot - ReplicationSlotCtl->replication_slots;
 	}
 	else
-		msg.clearall = true;
+	{
+		/* reset all existent entries */
+		startidx = 0;
+		endidx = max_replication_slots - 1;
+	}
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER);
+	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	for (i = startidx; i <= endidx; i++)
+	{
+		PgStat_ReplSlotStats *statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i];
+		size_t off;
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+		off = offsetof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats, slotname) + sizeof(char[NAMEDATALEN]);
+
+		memset(((char *) statent) + off, 0, sizeof(pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i]) - off);
+		statent->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+	}
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock);
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_report_replslot() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about replication slot statistics.
+ * Report replication slot activity.
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_report_replslot(const char *slotname, PgStat_Counter spilltxns,
-					   PgStat_Counter spillcount, PgStat_Counter spillbytes,
-					   PgStat_Counter streamtxns, PgStat_Counter streamcount,
-					   PgStat_Counter streambytes)
+pgstat_report_replslot(uint32 index,
+					   const char *slotname,
+					   PgStat_Counter spilltxns, PgStat_Counter spillcount,
+					   PgStat_Counter spillbytes, PgStat_Counter streamtxns,
+					   PgStat_Counter streamcount, PgStat_Counter streambytes)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_ReplSlotStats *statent;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	strlcpy(msg.m_slotname, slotname, NAMEDATALEN);
-	msg.m_drop = false;
-	msg.m_spill_txns = spilltxns;
-	msg.m_spill_count = spillcount;
-	msg.m_spill_bytes = spillbytes;
-	msg.m_stream_txns = streamtxns;
-	msg.m_stream_count = streamcount;
-	msg.m_stream_bytes = streambytes;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	Assert(index < max_replication_slots);
+	Assert(slotname[0] != '\0' && strlen(slotname) < NAMEDATALEN);
+
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
+		return;
+
+	statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[index];
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	/* clear the counters if not used */
+	if (statent->index == -1)
+	{
+		memset(statent, 0, sizeof(*statent));
+		statent->index = index;
+		strlcpy(statent->slotname, slotname, NAMEDATALEN);
+	}
+	else if (strcmp(slotname, statent->slotname) != 0)
+	{
+		/* AFIXME: Is there a valid way this can happen? */
+		elog(ERROR, "stats out of sync");
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(statent->index == index);
+	}
+
+	statent->spill_txns += spilltxns;
+	statent->spill_count += spillcount;
+	statent->spill_bytes += spillbytes;
+	statent->stream_txns += streamtxns;
+	statent->stream_count += streamcount;
+	statent->stream_bytes += streambytes;
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock);
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_report_replslot_drop() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about dropping the replication slot.
+ * Report replication slot drop.
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_report_replslot_drop(const char *slotname)
+pgstat_report_replslot_drop(uint32 index, const char *slotname)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_ReplSlotStats *statent;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	strlcpy(msg.m_slotname, slotname, NAMEDATALEN);
-	msg.m_drop = true;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	Assert(index < max_replication_slots);
+	Assert(slotname[0] != '\0' && strlen(slotname) < NAMEDATALEN);
+
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
+		return;
+
+	statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[index];
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	/*
+	 * NB: need to accept that there might not be any stats, e.g. if we threw
+	 * away stats after a crash restart.
+	 */
+	statent->index = -1;
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock);
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(int index, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	memset(&pgStatShmem->slru.stats[index], 0, sizeof(PgStat_SLRUStats));
+	pgStatShmem->slru.stats[index].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock);
+}
+
+PgStat_ReplSlotStats *
+pgstat_fetch_replslot(int *nslots_p)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT);
+
+	*nslots_p = stats_snapshot.replslot_count;
+	return stats_snapshot.replslot;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_replslot(void)
+{
+	if (stats_snapshot.replslot == NULL)
+	{
+		stats_snapshot.replslot = (PgStat_ReplSlotStats *)
+			MemoryContextAlloc(TopMemoryContext,
+							   sizeof(PgStat_ReplSlotStats) * max_replication_slots);
+	}
+
+	stats_snapshot.replslot_count = 0;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < max_replication_slots; i++)
+	{
+		PgStat_ReplSlotStats *statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i];
+
+		if (statent->index != -1)
+		{
+			stats_snapshot.replslot[stats_snapshot.replslot_count++] = *statent;
+		}
+	}
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock);
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -286,53 +549,69 @@ pgstat_report_replslot_drop(const char *slotname)
 void
 pgstat_reset_slru_counter(const char *name)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg;
+	int			i;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_index = (name) ? pgstat_slru_index(name) : -1;
-
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	if (name)
+	{
+		i = pgstat_slru_index(name);
+		pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(i, ts);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+			pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(i, ts);
+	}
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_send_slru() -
+/*
+ * pgstat_flush_slru - flush out locally pending SLRU stats entries
  *
- *		Send SLRU statistics to the collector
- * ----------
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true. Writer processes are mutually excluded
+ * using LWLock, but readers are expected to use change-count protocol to avoid
+ * interference with writers.
+ *
+ * Returns true if not all pending stats have been flushed out.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_slru(void)
+bool
+pgstat_flush_slru(bool nowait)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgSLRU all_zeroes;
+	int			i;
 
-	for (int i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+	if (!have_slrustats)
+		return false;
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock,
+									   LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+
+
+	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-		 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-		 * collector.
-		 */
-		if (memcmp(&SLRUStats[i], &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU)) == 0)
-			continue;
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *sharedent = &pgStatShmem->slru.stats[i];
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *pendingent = &pending_SLRUStats[i];
 
-		/* set the SLRU type before each send */
-		SLRUStats[i].m_index = i;
-
-		/*
-		 * Prepare and send the message
-		 */
-		pgstat_setheader(&SLRUStats[i].m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU);
-		pgstat_send(&SLRUStats[i], sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
-
-		/*
-		 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
-		 */
-		MemSet(&SLRUStats[i], 0, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
+		sharedent->blocks_zeroed += pendingent->blocks_zeroed;
+		sharedent->blocks_hit += pendingent->blocks_hit;
+		sharedent->blocks_read += pendingent->blocks_read;
+		sharedent->blocks_written += pendingent->blocks_written;
+		sharedent->blocks_exists += pendingent->blocks_exists;
+		sharedent->flush += pendingent->flush;
+		sharedent->truncate += pendingent->truncate;
 	}
+
+	/* done, clear the pending entry */
+	MemSet(pending_SLRUStats, 0, SizeOfSlruStats);
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock);
+
+	have_slrustats = false;
+
+	return false;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -341,7 +620,7 @@ pgstat_send_slru(void)
  * Returns pointer to entry with counters for given SLRU (based on the name
  * stored in SlruCtl as lwlock tranche name).
  */
-static inline PgStat_MsgSLRU *
+static inline PgStat_SLRUStats *
 slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 {
 	/*
@@ -352,7 +631,9 @@ slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 
 	Assert((slru_idx >= 0) && (slru_idx < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS));
 
-	return &SLRUStats[slru_idx];
+	have_slrustats = true;
+
+	return &pending_SLRUStats[slru_idx];
 }
 
 /*
@@ -362,43 +643,43 @@ slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_zeroed(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_zeroed += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_zeroed += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_hit(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_hit += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_hit += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_exists(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_exists += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_exists += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_read(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_read += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_read += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_written(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_written += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_written += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_flush(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_flush += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->flush += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_truncate(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_truncate += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->truncate += 1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -439,95 +720,104 @@ pgstat_slru_index(const char *name)
 	return (SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS - 1);
 }
 
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_slru(void)
+{
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock, LW_SHARED);
+
+	memcpy(stats_snapshot.slru, &pgStatShmem->slru.stats, SizeOfSlruStats);
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock);
+}
+
+PgStat_SLRUStats *
+pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU);
+
+	return stats_snapshot.slru;
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_report_wal() -
  *
- * Calculate how much WAL usage counters are increased and send
- * WAL statistics to the collector.
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased and update
+ * shared statistics.
  *
  * Must be called by processes that generate WAL.
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_report_wal(void)
+pgstat_report_wal(bool force)
 {
-	WalUsage	walusage;
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	pgstat_flush_wal(force);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased by substracting the
+ * previous counters from the current ones.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns true if the lock could not be
+ * acquired. Otherwise return false.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStat_WalStats *s = &pgStatShmem->wal.stats;
+	PgStat_WalStats *l = &WalStats;
+	WalUsage	all_zeroes PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY = {0};
+
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+	Assert(pgStatShmem != NULL);
 
 	/*
-	 * Calculate how much WAL usage counters are increased by substracting the
-	 * previous counters from the current ones. Fill the results in WAL stats
-	 * message.
+	 * We don't update the WAL usage portion of the local WalStats elsewhere.
+	 * Instead, fill in that portion with the difference of pgWalUsage since
+	 * the previous call.
 	 */
-	MemSet(&walusage, 0, sizeof(WalUsage));
-	WalUsageAccumDiff(&walusage, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
-
-	WalStats.m_wal_records = walusage.wal_records;
-	WalStats.m_wal_fpi = walusage.wal_fpi;
-	WalStats.m_wal_bytes = walusage.wal_bytes;
+	Assert(memcmp(&l->wal_usage, &all_zeroes, sizeof(WalUsage)) == 0);
+	WalUsageAccumDiff(&l->wal_usage, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
 
 	/*
-	 * Send WAL stats message to the collector.
+	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. Avoid
+	 * taking lock for nothing in that case.
 	 */
-	if (!pgstat_send_wal(true))
-		return;
+	if (!walstats_pending())
+		return false;
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock,
+									   LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+	{
+		MemSet(&WalStats, 0, sizeof(WalStats));
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+	}
+
+	s->wal_usage.wal_records += l->wal_usage.wal_records;
+	s->wal_usage.wal_fpi += l->wal_usage.wal_fpi;
+	s->wal_usage.wal_bytes += l->wal_usage.wal_bytes;
+	s->wal_buffers_full += l->wal_buffers_full;
+	s->wal_write += l->wal_write;
+	s->wal_write_time += l->wal_write_time;
+	s->wal_sync += l->wal_sync;
+	s->wal_sync_time += l->wal_sync_time;
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock);
 
 	/*
 	 * Save the current counters for the subsequent calculation of WAL usage.
 	 */
 	prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_send_wal() -
- *
- *	Send WAL statistics to the collector.
- *
- * If 'force' is not set, WAL stats message is only sent if enough time has
- * passed since last one was sent to reach PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.
- *
- * Return true if the message is sent, and false otherwise.
- * ----------
- */
-bool
-pgstat_send_wal(bool force)
-{
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgWal all_zeroes;
-	static TimestampTz sendTime = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
-	 */
-	if (memcmp(&WalStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgWal)) == 0)
-		return false;
-
-	if (!force)
-	{
-		TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		/*
-		 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-		 * msec since we last sent one.
-		 */
-		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(sendTime, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-			return false;
-		sendTime = now;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&WalStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL);
-	pgstat_send(&WalStats, sizeof(WalStats));
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
 	MemSet(&WalStats, 0, sizeof(WalStats));
 
-	return true;
+	return false;
 }
 
 void
@@ -540,3 +830,33 @@ pgstat_wal_initialize(void)
 	 */
 	prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
 }
+
+/*
+ * XXXX: always try to flush WAL stats. We don't want to manipulate another
+ * counter during XLogInsert so we don't have an effecient short cut to know
+ * whether any counter gets incremented.
+ */
+bool
+walstats_pending(void)
+{
+	static const PgStat_WalStats all_zeroes;
+
+	return memcmp(&WalStats, &all_zeroes,
+				  offsetof(PgStat_WalStats, stat_reset_timestamp)) != 0;
+}
+
+PgStat_WalStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_WAL);
+
+	return &stats_snapshot.wal;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_wal(void)
+{
+	LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&stats_snapshot.wal, &pgStatShmem->wal.stats, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats));
+	LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index d4e32d2d39b..925c381a485 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -26,38 +26,6 @@
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
-/*
- * Structures in which backends store per-table info that's waiting to be
- * sent to the collector.
- *
- * NOTE: once allocated, TabStatusArray structures are never moved or deleted
- * for the life of the backend.  Also, we zero out the t_id fields of the
- * contained PgStat_TableStatus structs whenever they are not actively in use.
- * This allows relcache pgstat_info pointers to be treated as long-lived data,
- * avoiding repeated searches in pgstat_relation_assoc() when a relation is
- * repeatedly opened during a transaction.
- */
-#define TABSTAT_QUANTUM		100 /* we alloc this many at a time */
-
-
-typedef struct TabStatusArray
-{
-	struct TabStatusArray *tsa_next;	/* link to next array, if any */
-	int			tsa_used;		/* # entries currently used */
-	PgStat_TableStatus tsa_entries[TABSTAT_QUANTUM];	/* per-table data */
-} TabStatusArray;
-
-static TabStatusArray *pgStatTabList = NULL;
-
-/*
- * pgStatTabHash entry: map from relation OID to PgStat_TableStatus pointer
- */
-typedef struct TabStatHashEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *tsa_entry;
-} TabStatHashEntry;
-
 /* Record that's written to 2PC state file when pgstat state is persisted */
 typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 {
@@ -74,23 +42,13 @@ typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 } TwoPhasePgStatRecord;
 
 
-static PgStat_TableStatus *get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
-static void pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg);
+static PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
 static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_level);
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_restore_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
 
 
-bool have_relation_stats;
-
-
-/*
- * Hash table for O(1) t_id -> tsa_entry lookup
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatTabHash = NULL;
-
-
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
  * CONCURRENTLY.
@@ -99,48 +57,41 @@ void
 pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dst, Relation src)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *srcstats;
+	PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *dstshstats;
+	PgStatSharedRef *dst_ref;
 
-	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(RelationGetRelid(src));
-
+	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(src->rd_rel->relisshared,
+												   RelationGetRelid(src));
 	if (!srcstats)
 		return;
 
-	if (pgstat_relation_should_count(dst))
-	{
-		/*
-		 * XXX: temporarily this does not actually quite do what the name says,
-		 * and just copy index related fields. A subsequent commit will do more.
-		 */
+	/*
+	 * XXX: Is it actually correct to copy all stats here? Probably fine with
+	 * current uses of stats for indexes, but what we tracked bloat for
+	 * indexes via stats?
+	 */
+	dst_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,
+									dst->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+									RelationGetRelid(dst),
+									true);
+	pgstat_shared_stat_lock(dst_ref, false);
 
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_numscans = srcstats->numscans;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_returned = srcstats->tuples_returned;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched = srcstats->tuples_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched = srcstats->blocks_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_hit = srcstats->blocks_hit;
+	dstshstats = (PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *) dst_ref->shared_stats;
+	dstshstats->stats = *srcstats;
 
-		/*
-		 * The data will be sent by the next pgstat_report_stat()
-		 * call.
-		 */
-	}
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(dst_ref);
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_relation_init() -
+/*
+ * Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.  Called whenever a
+ * relation is opened.
  *
- *	Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.
- *	Called whenever a relation is opened.
- *
- *	We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by
- *	relcache.c when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived
- *	data.  We can avoid repeated searches of the TabStatus arrays when the
- *	same relation is touched repeatedly within a transaction.
- * ----------
+ * We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by relcache.c
+ * when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived data.
  */
 void
 pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 {
-	Oid			rel_id = rel->rd_id;
 	char		relkind = rel->rd_rel->relkind;
 
 	/* We only count stats for things that have storage */
@@ -151,7 +102,7 @@ pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 	{
 		/* We're not counting at all */
 		rel->pgstat_enabled = false;
@@ -159,60 +110,89 @@ pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * If we already set up this relation in the current transaction, nothing
-	 * to do.
-	 */
-	if (rel->pgstat_info &&
-		rel->pgstat_info->t_id == rel_id)
-		return;
-
 	rel->pgstat_enabled = true;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Prepare for statistics for this relation to be collected. This ensures we
+ * have a reference to the shared stats entry. That is important because a
+ * relation drop in another connection can otherwise lead to the shared stats
+ * entry being dropped, which we then later would re-create when flushing
+ * stats.
+ *
+ * This is separate from pgstat_relation_init() as it is not uncommon for
+ * relcache entries to be opened without ever getting stats reported.
+ */
 void
 pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel)
 {
-	Oid			rel_id = rel->rd_id;
-
 	Assert(rel->pgstat_enabled);
 	Assert(rel->pgstat_info == NULL);
 
-	/* find or make the PgStat_TableStatus entry, and update link */
-	rel->pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rel_id, rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+	/* Else find or make the PgStat_TableStatus entry, and update link */
+	rel->pgstat_info = pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(RelationGetRelid(rel),
+												  rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+	/* mark this relation as the owner */
+
+	/* don't allow link a stats to multiple relcache entries */
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == NULL);
+	rel->pgstat_info->relation = rel;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Break the mutual link between a relcache entry and a local stats entry.
+ * This must be called always when one end of the link is removed.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_relation_delink(Relation rel)
+{
+	/* remove the link to stats info if any */
+	if (rel && rel->pgstat_info)
+	{
+		/* link sanity check */
+		Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == rel);
+		rel->pgstat_info->relation = NULL;
+		rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction aborts.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_create_relation(Relation rel)
+{
+	pgstat_schedule_create(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,
+						   rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+						   RelationGetRelid(rel));
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_drop_relation() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector that we just dropped a relation.
- *	(If the message gets lost, we will still clean the dead entry eventually
- *	via future invocations of pgstat_vacuum_stat().)
- *
- *	Currently not used for lack of any good place to call it; we rely
- *	entirely on pgstat_vacuum_stat() to clean out stats for dead rels.
+ * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits.
  * ----------
  */
-#ifdef NOT_USED
 void
-pgstat_drop_relation(Oid relid)
+pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg;
-	int			len;
+	int			nest_level = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info = rel->pgstat_info;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	pgstat_schedule_drop(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,
+						 rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+						 RelationGetRelid(rel));
 
-	msg.m_tableid[0] = relid;
-	msg.m_nentries = 1;
-
-	len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0]) + sizeof(Oid);
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, len);
+	if (pgstat_info &&
+		pgstat_info->trans != NULL &&
+		pgstat_info->trans->nest_level == nest_level)
+	{
+		pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(pgstat_info->trans, true);
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_inserted = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_updated = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_deleted = 0;
+	}
 }
-#endif							/* NOT_USED */
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_report_autovac() -
@@ -225,47 +205,97 @@ pgstat_drop_relation(Oid relid)
 void
 pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	/* can't get here in single user mode */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_start_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * End-of-vacuum is reported instantly. Report the start the same way for
+	 * consistency. Vacuum doesn't run frequently and is a long-lasting
+	 * operation so it doesn't matter if we get blocked here a little.
+	 */
+	shared_ref =
+		pgstat_shared_ref_get(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, dboid, InvalidOid, true);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, false);
+
+	dbentry = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	dbentry->stats.last_autovac_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
 }
 
 /* ---------
  * pgstat_report_vacuum() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about the table we just vacuumed.
+ * Report that the table was just vacuumed.
  * ---------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
 					 PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+	TimestampTz ts;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM);
-	msg.m_databaseid = shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = tableoid;
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_vacuumtime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* Store the data in the table's hash table entry. */
+	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/*
+	 * Differently from ordinary operations, maintenance commands take longer
+	 * time and getting blocked at the end of work doesn't matter.
+	 * Furthermore, this can prevent the stats updates made by the
+	 * transactions that ends after this vacuum from being canceled by a
+	 * delayed vacuum report. Update shared stats entry directly for the above
+	 * reasons.
+	 */
+	shared_ref =
+		pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, dboid, tableoid, false);
+
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
+
+	/*
+	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
+	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
+	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
+	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
+	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
+	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
+	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
+	 * stragglers.
+	 */
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
+
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
+	{
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
+	}
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
 }
 
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_analyze() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about the table we just analyzed.
+ * Report that the table was just analyzed.
  *
  * Caller must provide new live- and dead-tuples estimates, as well as a
  * flag indicating whether to reset the changes_since_analyze counter.
@@ -276,9 +306,12 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 					  PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples,
 					  bool resetcounter)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -286,10 +319,10 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 	 * already inserted and/or deleted rows in the target table. ANALYZE will
 	 * have counted such rows as live or dead respectively. Because we will
 	 * report our counts of such rows at transaction end, we should subtract
-	 * off these counts from what we send to the collector now, else they'll
-	 * be double-counted after commit.  (This approach also ensures that the
-	 * collector ends up with the right numbers if we abort instead of
-	 * committing.)
+	 * off these counts from what is already written to shared stats now, else
+	 * they'll be double-counted after commit.  (This approach also ensures
+	 * that the shared stats ends up with the right numbers if we abort
+	 * instead of committing.)
 	 */
 	if (pgstat_relation_should_count(rel))
 	{
@@ -307,142 +340,133 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 		deadtuples = Max(deadtuples, 0);
 	}
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_resetcounter = resetcounter;
-	msg.m_analyzetime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
+	/*
+	 * Differently from ordinary operations, maintenance commands take longer
+	 * time and getting blocked at the end of work doesn't matter.
+	 * Furthermore, this can prevent the stats updates made by the
+	 * transactions that ends after this analyze from being canceled by a
+	 * delayed analyze report. Update shared stats entry directly for the
+	 * above reasons.
+	 */
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, dboid,
+										   RelationGetRelid(rel),
+										   false);
+	/* can't get dropped while accessed */
+	Assert(shared_ref != NULL && shared_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
 
-void
-pgstat_send_tabstats(void)
-{
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
-	static const PgStat_TableCounts all_zeroes;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat regular_msg;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat shared_msg;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	int			i;
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
 
 	/*
-	 * Destroy pgStatTabHash before we start invalidating PgStat_TableEntry
-	 * entries it points to.  (Should we fail partway through the loop below,
-	 * it's okay to have removed the hashtable already --- the only
-	 * consequence is we'd get multiple entries for the same table in the
-	 * pgStatTabList, and that's safe.)
+	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
+	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
+	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
 	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash)
-		hash_destroy(pgStatTabHash);
-	pgStatTabHash = NULL;
+	if (resetcounter)
+		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
 
-	/*
-	 * Scan through the TabStatusArray struct(s) to find tables that actually
-	 * have counts, and build messages to send.  We have to separate shared
-	 * relations from regular ones because the databaseid field in the message
-	 * header has to depend on that.
-	 */
-	regular_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	shared_msg.m_databaseid = InvalidOid;
-	regular_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-	shared_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	for (tsa = pgStatTabList; tsa != NULL; tsa = tsa->tsa_next)
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
 	{
-		for (i = 0; i < tsa->tsa_used; i++)
-		{
-			PgStat_TableStatus *entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[i];
-			PgStat_MsgTabstat *this_msg;
-			PgStat_TableEntry *this_ent;
-
-			/* Shouldn't have any pending transaction-dependent counts */
-			Assert(entry->trans == NULL);
-
-			/*
-			 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such
-			 * as indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
-			 */
-			if (memcmp(&entry->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * OK, insert data into the appropriate message, and send if full.
-			 */
-			this_msg = entry->t_shared ? &shared_msg : &regular_msg;
-			this_ent = &this_msg->m_entry[this_msg->m_nentries];
-			this_ent->t_id = entry->t_id;
-			memcpy(&this_ent->t_counts, &entry->t_counts,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts));
-			if (++this_msg->m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES)
-			{
-				pgstat_send_tabstat(this_msg);
-				this_msg->m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-		/* zero out PgStat_TableStatus structs after use */
-		MemSet(tsa->tsa_entries, 0,
-			   tsa->tsa_used * sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus));
-		tsa->tsa_used = 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Send partial messages.  Make sure that any pending xact commit/abort
-	 * gets counted, even if there are no table stats to send.
-	 */
-	if (regular_msg.m_nentries > 0 ||
-		pgStatXactCommit > 0 || pgStatXactRollback > 0)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&regular_msg);
-	if (shared_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&shared_msg);
-
-}
-
-/*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: finish and send a tabstat message
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg)
-{
-	int			n;
-	int			len;
-
-	/* It's unlikely we'd get here with no socket, but maybe not impossible */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Report and reset accumulated xact commit/rollback and I/O timings
-	 * whenever we send a normal tabstat message
-	 */
-	if (OidIsValid(tsmsg->m_databaseid))
-	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = pgStatXactCommit;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = pgStatXactRollback;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = pgStatBlockReadTime;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = pgStatBlockWriteTime;
-		pgStatXactCommit = 0;
-		pgStatXactRollback = 0;
-		pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
-		pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = 0;
+		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->analyze_count++;
 	}
 
-	n = tsmsg->m_nentries;
-	len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabstat, m_entry[0]) +
-		n * sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry);
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
+}
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&tsmsg->m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT);
-	pgstat_send(tsmsg, len);
+/*
+ * pgstat_flush_table - flush out a pending table stats entry
+ *
+ * Some of the stats numbers are copied to pending database stats entry after
+ * successful flush-out.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true.
+ *
+ * Returns true if the entry is successfully flushed out.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_table(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	static const PgStat_TableCounts all_zeroes;
+	Oid			dboid;			/* database OID of the table */
+	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
+	PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *shtabstats;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
+
+	Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry->key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE);
+	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) shared_ref->pending;
+	dboid = shared_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
+
+	/*
+	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
+	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
+	 */
+	if (memcmp(&lstats->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
+	{
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if (!pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, nowait))
+		return false;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+
+	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
+	shtabstats = (PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
+	tabentry->numscans += lstats->t_counts.t_numscans;
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
+
+	/*
+	 * If table was truncated or vacuum/analyze has ran, first reset the
+	 * live/dead counters.
+	 */
+	if (lstats->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
+	{
+		tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
+		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
+		/* AFIXME: Why is inserts_since_vacuum not reset anymore? */
+	}
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
+	tabentry->changes_since_analyze += lstats->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
+	/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
+
+	/* The entry is successfully flushed so the same to add to database stats */
+	dbentry = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(dboid);
+	dbentry->n_tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	return true;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -685,7 +709,7 @@ AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state)
 
 	for (trans = xact_state->first; trans != NULL; trans = trans->next)
 	{
-		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat;
+		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
 		TwoPhasePgStatRecord record;
 
 		Assert(trans->nest_level == 1);
@@ -699,8 +723,6 @@ AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state)
 		record.inserted_pre_truncdrop = trans->inserted_pre_truncdrop;
 		record.updated_pre_truncdrop = trans->updated_pre_truncdrop;
 		record.deleted_pre_truncdrop = trans->deleted_pre_truncdrop;
-		record.t_id = tabstat->t_id;
-		record.t_shared = tabstat->t_shared;
 		record.t_truncdropped = trans->truncdropped;
 
 		RegisterTwoPhaseRecord(TWOPHASE_RM_PGSTAT_ID, 0,
@@ -743,7 +765,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, commit case */
 	pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted += rec->tuples_inserted;
@@ -779,7 +801,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, abort case */
 	if (rec->t_truncdropped)
@@ -795,114 +817,81 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 		rec->tuples_inserted + rec->tuples_updated;
 }
 
-/*
- * get_tabstat_entry - find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
- */
-static PgStat_TableStatus *
-get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
-{
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *entry;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	bool		found;
-
-	have_relation_stats = true;
-
-	/*
-	 * Create hash table if we don't have it already.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		ctl;
-
-		ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		ctl.entrysize = sizeof(TabStatHashEntry);
-
-		pgStatTabHash = hash_create("pgstat TabStatusArray lookup hash table",
-									TABSTAT_QUANTUM,
-									&ctl,
-									HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Find an entry or create a new one.
-	 */
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		/* initialize new entry with null pointer */
-		hash_entry->tsa_entry = NULL;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If entry is already valid, we're done.
-	 */
-	if (hash_entry->tsa_entry)
-		return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Locate the first pgStatTabList entry with free space, making a new list
-	 * entry if needed.  Note that we could get an OOM failure here, but if so
-	 * we have left the hashtable and the list in a consistent state.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabList == NULL)
-	{
-		/* Set up first pgStatTabList entry */
-		pgStatTabList = (TabStatusArray *)
-			MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-								   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-	}
-
-	tsa = pgStatTabList;
-	while (tsa->tsa_used >= TABSTAT_QUANTUM)
-	{
-		if (tsa->tsa_next == NULL)
-			tsa->tsa_next = (TabStatusArray *)
-				MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-									   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-		tsa = tsa->tsa_next;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Allocate a PgStat_TableStatus entry within this list entry.  We assume
-	 * the entry was already zeroed, either at creation or after last use.
-	 */
-	entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[tsa->tsa_used++];
-	entry->t_id = rel_id;
-	entry->t_shared = isshared;
-
-	/*
-	 * Now we can fill the entry in pgStatTabHash.
-	 */
-	hash_entry->tsa_entry = entry;
-
-	return entry;
-}
-
 /*
  * find_tabstat_entry - find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
  *
- * If no entry, return NULL, don't create a new one
+ * Find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel_id in the current
+ * database. If not found, try finding from shared tables.
  *
- * Note: if we got an error in the most recent execution of pgstat_report_stat,
- * it's possible that an entry exists but there's no hashtable entry for it.
- * That's okay, we'll treat this case as "doesn't exist".
+ * If no entry found, return NULL, don't create a new one
+ * ----------
  */
 PgStat_TableStatus *
 find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id)
 {
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
 
-	/* If hashtable doesn't exist, there are no entries at all */
-	if (!pgStatTabHash)
-		return NULL;
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_fetch(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, MyDatabaseId, rel_id);
+	if (!shared_ref)
+		shared_ref = pgstat_pending_fetch(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, InvalidOid, rel_id);
 
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (!hash_entry)
-		return NULL;
+	if (shared_ref)
+		return shared_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
+}
 
-	/* Note that this step could also return NULL, but that's correct */
-	return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry() -
+ *
+ *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns the
+ *	collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't necessarily mean
+ *	that the relation doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
+ *	caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ * ----------
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
+{
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(false, relid);
+	if (tabentry != NULL)
+		return tabentry;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
+	 */
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(true, relid);
+	return tabentry;
+}
+
+/*
+ * More efficient version of pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(), allowing to specify
+ * whether the to-be-accessed table is a shared relation or not.
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(bool shared, Oid reloid)
+{
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+
+	return (PgStat_StatTabEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, dboid, reloid);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel. New entry is created and
+ * initialized if not exists.
+ */
+static PgStat_TableStatus *
+pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_prepare(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,
+										isshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+										rel_id);
+
+	return shared_ref->pending;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
index accc1eb5776..28f73ad114f 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
@@ -230,8 +230,8 @@ pgstat_get_wait_activity(WaitEventActivity w)
 		case WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN:
 			event_name = "LogicalLauncherMain";
 			break;
-		case WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN:
-			event_name = "PgStatMain";
+		case WAIT_EVENT_READING_STATS_FILE:
+			event_name = "ReadingStatsFile";
 			break;
 		case WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM:
 			event_name = "RecoveryWalStream";
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
index b38cbab2597..2748be796e8 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  *
  * pgstatfuncs.c
- *	  Functions for accessing the statistics collector data
+ *	  Functions for accessing the activity statistics data
  *
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2021, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
@@ -1834,11 +1834,11 @@ pg_stat_get_wal(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	wal_stats = pgstat_fetch_stat_wal();
 
 	/* Fill values and NULLs */
-	values[0] = Int64GetDatum(wal_stats->wal_records);
-	values[1] = Int64GetDatum(wal_stats->wal_fpi);
+	values[0] = Int64GetDatum(wal_stats->wal_usage.wal_records);
+	values[1] = Int64GetDatum(wal_stats->wal_usage.wal_fpi);
 
 	/* Convert to numeric. */
-	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, UINT64_FORMAT, wal_stats->wal_bytes);
+	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, UINT64_FORMAT, wal_stats->wal_usage.wal_bytes);
 	values[2] = DirectFunctionCall3(numeric_in,
 									CStringGetDatum(buf),
 									ObjectIdGetDatum(0),
@@ -2126,7 +2126,15 @@ pg_stat_get_xact_function_self_time(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(pgstat_fetch_global()->stats_timestamp);
+	bool		have_snapshot;
+	TimestampTz ts;
+
+	ts = pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(&have_snapshot);
+
+	if (!have_snapshot)
+		PG_RETURN_NULL();
+
+	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(ts);
 }
 
 /* Discard the active statistics snapshot */
@@ -2138,6 +2146,14 @@ pg_stat_clear_snapshot(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	PG_RETURN_VOID();
 }
 
+/* Force statistics to be reported at the next occasion */
+Datum
+pg_stat_force_next_flush(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	pgstat_force_next_flush();
+
+	PG_RETURN_VOID();
+}
 
 /* Reset all counters for the current database */
 Datum
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
index ff7395c85b5..bfe1cea27de 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@
 #include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
 #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
 #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
 #include "rewrite/rewriteDefine.h"
 #include "rewrite/rowsecurity.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
@@ -2366,6 +2367,9 @@ RelationDestroyRelation(Relation relation, bool remember_tupdesc)
 	 */
 	RelationCloseSmgr(relation);
 
+	/* break mutual link with stats entry */
+	pgstat_relation_delink(relation);
+
 	/*
 	 * Free all the subsidiary data structures of the relcache entry, then the
 	 * entry itself.
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
index a9f0fc3017c..c5ac2d93522 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ volatile sig_atomic_t ClientConnectionLost = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending = false;
+volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile uint32 InterruptHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 QueryCancelHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 CritSectionCount = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
index 8b73850d0df..5c32d747cf5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
@@ -271,9 +271,6 @@ GetBackendTypeDesc(BackendType backendType)
 		case B_ARCHIVER:
 			backendDesc = "archiver";
 			break;
-		case B_STATS_COLLECTOR:
-			backendDesc = "stats collector";
-			break;
 		case B_LOGGER:
 			backendDesc = "logger";
 			break;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
index 02df088a256..da7c328a9fd 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ static void StatementTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void LockTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
+static void IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void);
 static bool ThereIsAtLeastOneRole(void);
 static void process_startup_options(Port *port, bool am_superuser);
@@ -622,6 +623,8 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 						IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, IdleSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT, ClientCheckTimeoutHandler);
+		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+						IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -672,6 +675,7 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 		 * Use before_shmem_exit() so that ShutdownXLOG() can rely on DSM
 		 * segments etc to work.
 		 */
+		before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
 		before_shmem_exit(ShutdownXLOG, 0);
 	}
 
@@ -1255,6 +1259,14 @@ IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void)
 	SetLatch(MyLatch);
 }
 
+static void
+IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void)
+{
+	IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = true;
+	InterruptPending = true;
+	SetLatch(MyLatch);
+}
+
 static void
 ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index c9c9da85f39..2ec8ae52941 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -367,6 +367,16 @@ static const struct config_enum_entry track_function_options[] = {
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(track_function_options) == (TRACK_FUNC_ALL + 2),
 				 "array length mismatch");
 
+static const struct config_enum_entry stats_fetch_consistency[] = {
+	{"none", STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE, false},
+	{"cache", STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE, false},
+	{"snapshot", STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT, false},
+	{NULL, 0, false}
+};
+
+StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(stats_fetch_consistency) == (STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT + 2),
+				 "array length mismatch");
+
 static const struct config_enum_entry xmlbinary_options[] = {
 	{"base64", XMLBINARY_BASE64, false},
 	{"hex", XMLBINARY_HEX, false},
@@ -4784,6 +4794,16 @@ static struct config_enum ConfigureNamesEnum[] =
 		NULL, NULL, NULL
 	},
 
+	{
+		{"stats_fetch_consistency", PGC_SUSET, STATS_COLLECTOR,
+			gettext_noop("Stats consistency model XXXX"),
+			NULL
+		},
+		&pgstat_fetch_consistency,
+		STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE, stats_fetch_consistency,
+		NULL, NULL, NULL
+	},
+
 	{
 		{"wal_level", PGC_POSTMASTER, WAL_SETTINGS,
 			gettext_noop("Sets the level of information written to the WAL."),
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
index 39da7cc9427..1fa670e0949 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
 # STATISTICS
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-# - Query and Index Statistics Collector -
+# - Query and Index Activity Statistics -
 
 #track_activities = on
 #track_counts = on
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl
index 089c9cb851a..f5aec1ef2f4 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use File::Basename qw(basename dirname);
 use File::Path qw(rmtree);
 use PostgresNode;
 use TestLib;
-use Test::More tests => 110;
+use Test::More tests => 109;
 
 program_help_ok('pg_basebackup');
 program_version_ok('pg_basebackup');
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ is_deeply(
 
 # Contents of these directories should not be copied.
 foreach my $dirname (
-	qw(pg_dynshmem pg_notify pg_replslot pg_serial pg_snapshots pg_stat_tmp pg_subtrans)
+	qw(pg_dynshmem pg_notify pg_replslot pg_serial pg_snapshots pg_subtrans)
   )
 {
 	is_deeply(
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index 56018745c89..e9a79ff1703 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -4981,7 +4981,8 @@ SELECT pid, wait_event_type, wait_event FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE wait_event i
         <returnvalue>timestamp with time zone</returnvalue>
        </para>
        <para>
-        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot.
+        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot, or NULL if
+        no statistics snapshot has been taken.
        </para></entry>
       </row>
 
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..56b3c09a1a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
@@ -0,0 +1,1409 @@
+Parsed test spec with 2 sessions
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_none s1_func_stats s1_func_call s1_func_call s1_ff s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_none: SET track_functions = 'none';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s1_func_stats s1_func_call s1_func_call s1_ff s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 2              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_func_stats s2_func_stats s1_func_call s2_func_call s1_func_call s2_func_call s2_func_call s1_ff s2_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 5              t              t              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 5              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_func_stats s2_func_stats s1_func_call s1_ff s2_func_call s2_func_call s2_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 3              t              t              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 3              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_func_stats s2_func_stats s1_begin s1_func_call s1_func_call s1_commit s1_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 2              t              t              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 2              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_func_stats s2_func_stats s1_begin s1_func_call s2_func_call s1_func_drop s2_func_call s2_ff s2_func_stats s1_commit s1_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 2              t              t              
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_func_stats s2_func_stats s1_begin s1_func_call s2_func_call s1_func_drop s2_func_call s2_ff s2_func_stats s1_rollback s1_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 2              t              t              
+step s1_rollback: ROLLBACK;
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 3              t              t              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 3              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s2_func_call s2_ff s2_begin s2_func_call s1_func_drop s1_func_stats s2_commit s2_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s2_begin s2_func_call s1_func_drop s1_func_stats s2_commit s2_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_func_call s2_begin s2_func_call s1_func_drop s2_func_call s2_commit s2_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_none s1_func_call s2_begin s2_func_call s1_func_drop s2_track_funcs_all s2_func_call s2_commit s2_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_none: SET track_functions = 'none';
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+step s2_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_func_call s2_func_call s2_func_call2 s1_ff s2_ff s1_func_stats s2_func_call s2_func_call2 s2_ff s1_func_stats s1_func_stats2 s1_func_stats s1_func_stats_reset s1_func_stats s1_func_stats2 s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call2: SELECT test_stat_func2()
+test_stat_func2
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 2              t              t              
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call2: SELECT test_stat_func2()
+test_stat_func2
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 3              t              t              
+step s1_func_stats2: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func2'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func22              t              t              
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 3              t              t              
+step s1_func_stats_reset: SELECT pg_stat_reset_single_function_counters('test_stat_func'::regproc);
+pg_stat_reset_single_function_counters
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 0              f              f              
+step s1_func_stats2: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func2'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func22              t              t              
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 0              f              f              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_func_call s2_func_call s2_func_call2 s1_ff s2_ff s1_func_stats s1_func_stats2 s1_func_stats s1_reset s1_func_stats s1_func_stats2 s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call2: SELECT test_stat_func2()
+test_stat_func2
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 2              t              t              
+step s1_func_stats2: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func2'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func21              t              t              
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 2              t              t              
+step s1_reset: SELECT pg_stat_reset();
+pg_stat_reset  
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 0              f              f              
+step s1_func_stats2: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func2'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func20              f              f              
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 0              f              f              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s1_fetch_consistency_none s1_func_call s1_ff s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_fetch_consistency_none: SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none';
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s1_fetch_consistency_cache s1_func_call s1_ff s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_fetch_consistency_cache: SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'cache';
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s1_fetch_consistency_snapshot s1_func_call s1_ff s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_fetch_consistency_snapshot: SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'snapshot';
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_fetch_consistency_none s2_func_call s2_ff s1_begin s1_func_stats s2_func_call s2_ff s1_func_stats s1_commit
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_fetch_consistency_none: SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none';
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 2              t              t              
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_fetch_consistency_cache s2_func_call s2_func_call2 s2_ff s1_begin s1_func_stats s2_func_call s2_func_call2 s2_ff s1_func_stats s1_func_stats2 s1_commit
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_fetch_consistency_cache: SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'cache';
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call2: SELECT test_stat_func2()
+test_stat_func2
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call2: SELECT test_stat_func2()
+test_stat_func2
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+step s1_func_stats2: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func2'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func22              t              t              
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_fetch_consistency_snapshot s2_func_call s2_func_call2 s2_ff s1_begin s1_func_stats s2_func_call s2_func_call2 s2_ff s1_func_stats s1_func_stats2 s1_commit
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_fetch_consistency_snapshot: SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'snapshot';
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call2: SELECT test_stat_func2()
+test_stat_func2
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call2: SELECT test_stat_func2()
+test_stat_func2
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 1              t              t              
+step s1_func_stats2: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func2'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func21              t              t              
+step s1_commit: COMMIT;
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_begin s1_func_call s2_func_call s1_func_drop s2_func_call s2_ff s1_prepare_a s2_func_call s2_ff s1_func_call s1_ff s1_func_stats s1_commit_prepared_a s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_prepare_a: PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a';
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 5              t              t              
+step s1_commit_prepared_a: COMMIT PREPARED 'a';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_begin s1_func_call s2_func_call s1_func_drop s2_func_call s2_ff s1_prepare_a s2_func_call s2_ff s1_func_call s1_ff s1_func_stats s1_rollback_prepared_a s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_prepare_a: PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a';
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 5              t              t              
+step s1_rollback_prepared_a: ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 5              t              t              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_begin s1_func_call s2_func_call s1_func_drop s2_func_call s2_ff s1_prepare_a s2_func_call s2_ff s1_func_call s1_ff s1_func_stats s2_commit_prepared_a s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_prepare_a: PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a';
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 5              t              t              
+step s2_commit_prepared_a: COMMIT PREPARED 'a';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func                                              
+
+starting permutation: s1_track_funcs_all s2_track_funcs_all s1_begin s1_func_call s2_func_call s1_func_drop s2_func_call s2_ff s1_prepare_a s2_func_call s2_ff s1_func_call s1_ff s1_func_stats s2_rollback_prepared_a s1_func_stats
+step s1_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s2_track_funcs_all: SET track_functions = 'all';
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_func_drop: DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func();
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_prepare_a: PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a';
+step s2_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func()
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s2_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_call: SELECT test_stat_func();
+test_stat_func 
+
+               
+step s1_ff: SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+
+               
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 5              t              t              
+step s2_rollback_prepared_a: ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a';
+step s1_func_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+
+name           pg_stat_get_function_callstotal_above_zeroself_above_zero
+
+test_stat_func 5              t              t              
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule b/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule
index f4c01006fc1..ed3dbdcbc28 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule
+++ b/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# FIXME: No reason for this to be first when merging
+test: stats
 test: read-only-anomaly
 test: read-only-anomaly-2
 test: read-only-anomaly-3
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..be993e9d391
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+setup
+{
+    CREATE TABLE test_stat_oid(name text NOT NULL, oid oid);
+
+    CREATE TABLE test_stat_tab(id serial NOT NULL);
+    INSERT INTO test_stat_tab DEFAULT VALUES;
+    INSERT INTO test_stat_oid(name, oid) VALUES('test_stat_tab', 'test_stat_tab'::regclass);
+
+    CREATE FUNCTION test_stat_func() RETURNS VOID LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$BEGIN END;$$;
+    INSERT INTO test_stat_oid(name, oid) VALUES('test_stat_func', 'test_stat_func'::regproc);
+
+    CREATE FUNCTION test_stat_func2() RETURNS VOID LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$BEGIN END;$$;
+    INSERT INTO test_stat_oid(name, oid) VALUES('test_stat_func2', 'test_stat_func2'::regproc);
+}
+
+teardown
+{
+    DROP TABLE test_stat_oid;
+
+    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS test_stat_tab;
+    DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS test_stat_func();
+    DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS test_stat_func2();
+}
+
+session "s1"
+setup { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none'; }
+step "s1_track_funcs_all" { SET track_functions = 'all'; }
+step "s1_track_funcs_none" { SET track_functions = 'none'; }
+step "s1_fetch_consistency_none" { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none'; }
+step "s1_fetch_consistency_cache" { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'cache'; }
+step "s1_fetch_consistency_snapshot" { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'snapshot'; }
+step "s1_begin" { BEGIN; }
+step "s1_commit" { COMMIT; }
+step "s1_rollback" { ROLLBACK; }
+step "s1_prepare_a" { PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a'; }
+step "s1_commit_prepared_a" { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
+step "s1_rollback_prepared_a" { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
+step "s1_ff" { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
+step "s1_func_call" { SELECT test_stat_func(); }
+step "s1_func_drop" { DROP FUNCTION test_stat_func(); }
+step "s1_func_stats_reset" { SELECT pg_stat_reset_single_function_counters('test_stat_func'::regproc); }
+step "s1_reset" { SELECT pg_stat_reset(); }
+step "s1_func_stats" {
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+}
+step "s1_func_stats2" {
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func2'
+}
+#step "s1_func_stats_debug" {SELECT * FROM pg_stat_user_functions;}
+
+session "s2"
+setup { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none'; }
+step "s2_track_funcs_all" { SET track_functions = 'all'; }
+step "s2_track_funcs_none" { SET track_functions = 'none'; }
+step "s2_begin" { BEGIN; }
+step "s2_commit" { COMMIT; }
+step "s2_commit_prepared_a" { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
+step "s2_rollback_prepared_a" { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
+step "s2_ff" { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
+step "s2_func_call" { SELECT test_stat_func() }
+step "s2_func_call2" { SELECT test_stat_func2() }
+step "s2_func_stats" {
+    SELECT
+        tso.name,
+        pg_stat_get_function_calls(tso.oid),
+        pg_stat_get_function_total_time(tso.oid) > 0 total_above_zero,
+        pg_stat_get_function_self_time(tso.oid) > 0 self_above_zero
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_func'
+}
+
+
+######################
+# Function stats tests
+######################
+
+# check that stats are collected iff enabled
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_none" "s1_func_stats" "s1_func_call" "s1_func_call" "s1_ff" "s1_func_stats"
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s1_func_stats" "s1_func_call" "s1_func_call" "s1_ff" "s1_func_stats"
+
+# multiple function calls are accurately reported, across separate connections
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+  "s1_func_call" "s2_func_call" "s1_func_call" "s2_func_call" "s2_func_call" "s1_ff" "s2_ff" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+  "s1_func_call" "s1_ff" "s2_func_call" "s2_func_call" "s2_ff" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+  "s1_begin" "s1_func_call" "s1_func_call" "s1_commit" "s1_ff" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+
+
+# Check interaction between dropping and stats reporting
+
+# dropping a table remove stats iff committed
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+  "s1_begin" "s1_func_call" "s2_func_call" "s1_func_drop" "s2_func_call" "s2_ff" "s2_func_stats" "s1_commit" "s1_ff" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+  "s1_begin" "s1_func_call" "s2_func_call" "s1_func_drop" "s2_func_call" "s2_ff" "s2_func_stats" "s1_rollback" "s1_ff" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+
+# Verify that pending stats from before a drop do not lead to
+# "reviving" stats for a dropped object
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s2_func_call" "s2_ff" # this access increments refcount, preventing the shared entry from being dropped
+  "s2_begin" "s2_func_call" "s1_func_drop" "s1_func_stats" "s2_commit" "s2_ff" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s2_begin" "s2_func_call" "s1_func_drop" "s1_func_stats" "s2_commit" "s2_ff" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_func_call" "s2_begin" "s2_func_call" "s1_func_drop" "s2_func_call" "s2_commit" "s2_ff" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+
+# FIXME: this shows the bug that stats will be revived, because the
+# shared stats in s2 is only referenced *after* the DROP FUNCTION
+# committed. That's only possible because there is no locking (and
+# thus no stats invalidation) around function calls.
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_none"
+  "s1_func_call" "s2_begin" "s2_func_call" "s1_func_drop" "s2_track_funcs_all" "s2_func_call" "s2_commit" "s2_ff" "s1_func_stats" "s2_func_stats"
+
+# test pg_stat_reset_single_function_counters
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_func_call2"
+  "s1_ff" "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+  "s2_func_call" "s2_func_call2" "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats" "s1_func_stats2" "s1_func_stats"
+  "s1_func_stats_reset"
+  "s1_func_stats" "s1_func_stats2" "s1_func_stats"
+
+# test pg_stat_reset
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_func_call2"
+  "s1_ff" "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats" "s1_func_stats2" "s1_func_stats"
+  "s1_reset"
+  "s1_func_stats" "s1_func_stats2" "s1_func_stats"
+
+
+# Check the different snapshot consistency models
+
+# First just some dead-trivial test verifying each model doesn't crash
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s1_fetch_consistency_none" "s1_func_call" "s1_ff" "s1_func_stats"
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s1_fetch_consistency_cache" "s1_func_call" "s1_ff" "s1_func_stats"
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s1_fetch_consistency_snapshot" "s1_func_call" "s1_ff" "s1_func_stats"
+
+# with stats_fetch_consistency=none s1 should see flushed changes in s2, despite being in a transaction
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_fetch_consistency_none"
+  "s2_func_call" "s2_ff"
+  "s1_begin"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+  "s2_func_call" "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+  "s1_commit"
+
+# with stats_fetch_consistency=cache s1 should not see concurrent
+# changes to the same object after the first access, but a separate
+# object should show changes
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_fetch_consistency_cache"
+  "s2_func_call" "s2_func_call2" "s2_ff"
+  "s1_begin"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+  "s2_func_call" "s2_func_call2" "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats" "s1_func_stats2"
+  "s1_commit"
+
+# with stats_fetch_consistency=snapshot s1 should not see any
+# concurrent changes after the first access
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_fetch_consistency_snapshot"
+  "s2_func_call" "s2_func_call2" "s2_ff"
+  "s1_begin"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+  "s2_func_call" "s2_func_call2" "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats" "s1_func_stats2"
+  "s1_commit"
+
+
+# Check 2PC handling of stat drops
+
+# S1 prepared, S1 commits prepared
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_begin"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s1_func_drop"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_ff"
+  "s1_prepare_a"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s1_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+  "s1_commit_prepared_a"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+
+# S1 prepared, S1 aborts prepared
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_begin"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s1_func_drop"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_ff"
+  "s1_prepare_a"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s1_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+  "s1_rollback_prepared_a"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+
+# S1 prepares, S2 commits prepared
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_begin"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s1_func_drop"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_ff"
+  "s1_prepare_a"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s1_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+  "s2_commit_prepared_a"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+
+# S1 prepared, S2 aborts prepared
+permutation
+  "s1_track_funcs_all" "s2_track_funcs_all"
+  "s1_begin"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s1_func_drop"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_ff"
+  "s1_prepare_a"
+  "s2_func_call"
+  "s2_ff"
+  "s1_func_call"
+  "s1_ff"
+  "s1_func_stats"
+  "s2_rollback_prepared_a"
+  "s1_func_stats"
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
index b01e58b98cb..73151e206f7 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
@@ -16,7 +16,11 @@ SET enable_seqscan TO on;
 SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 -- for the moment, we don't want index-only scans here
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
+-- not enabled by default, but we want to test it...
+SET track_functions TO 'all';
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -25,6 +29,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
 declare
@@ -34,6 +39,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- we don't want to wait forever; loop will exit after 30 seconds
   for i in 1 .. 300 loop
 
@@ -145,6 +152,108 @@ SELECT count(*) FROM tenk2 WHERE unique1 = 1;
 (1 row)
 
 RESET enable_bitmapscan;
+-- Check that stats for tables are dropped without needing to wait for
+-- vacuum. For that we need to access stats by oid after the DROP
+-- TABLE. Save it.
+CREATE TABLE drop_stats_test();
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT 'drop_stats_test'::regclass::oid AS drop_stats_test_oid \gset
+CREATE TABLE drop_stats_test_xact();
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_xact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT 'drop_stats_test_xact'::regclass::oid AS drop_stats_test_xact_oid \gset
+CREATE TABLE drop_stats_test_subxact();
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_subxact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT 'drop_stats_test_subxact'::regclass::oid AS drop_stats_test_subxact_oid \gset
+-- Basic testing for track_functions
+CREATE FUNCTION stats_test_func1() RETURNS VOID LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$BEGIN END;$$;
+SELECT 'stats_test_func1()'::regprocedure::oid AS stats_test_func1_oid \gset
+CREATE FUNCTION stats_test_func2() RETURNS VOID LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$BEGIN END;$$;
+SELECT 'stats_test_func2()'::regprocedure::oid AS stats_test_func2_oid \gset
+-- Basic test that stats are accumulated
+BEGIN;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_function_calls 
+----------------------------
+                           
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls 
+---------------------------------
+                                
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT stats_test_func1();
+ stats_test_func1 
+------------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls 
+---------------------------------
+                               1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT stats_test_func1();
+ stats_test_func1 
+------------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls 
+---------------------------------
+                               2
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_function_calls 
+----------------------------
+                          0
+(1 row)
+
+COMMIT;
+-- Verify that function stats are not transactional (displayed after
+-- wait_for_stats() below)
+-- rolled back savepoint in committing transaction
+BEGIN;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+ stats_test_func2 
+------------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+SAVEPOINT foo;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+ stats_test_func2 
+------------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT foo;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls(:stats_test_func2_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls 
+---------------------------------
+                               2
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+ stats_test_func2 
+------------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+COMMIT;
+-- rolled back transaction
+BEGIN;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+ stats_test_func2 
+------------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+ROLLBACK;
 -- We can't just call wait_for_stats() at this point, because we only
 -- transmit stats when the session goes idle, and we probably didn't
 -- transmit the last couple of counts yet thanks to the rate-limiting logic
@@ -160,6 +269,8 @@ SELECT wait_for_stats();
 (1 row)
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -199,6 +310,283 @@ FROM prevstats AS pr;
  t
 (1 row)
 
+COMMIT;
+-- check stats are dropped (happens synchronously)
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       1
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       0
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted 
+----------------------------------
+                                0
+(1 row)
+
+-- check that rollback protects against having stats dropped
+-- and that local modifcations don't pose a problem
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted 
+-----------------------------
+                           1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted 
+----------------------------------
+                                0
+(1 row)
+
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_xact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted 
+----------------------------------
+                                1
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_xact;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted 
+----------------------------------
+                                0
+(1 row)
+
+ROLLBACK;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted 
+-----------------------------
+                           1
+(1 row)
+
+-- transactional drop (Cannot use pg_stat_get_xact again, timing
+-- dependent whether already flushed)
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted 
+-----------------------------
+                           1
+(1 row)
+
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_xact DEFAULT VALUES;
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_xact;
+COMMIT;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       0
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted 
+-----------------------------
+                           0
+(1 row)
+
+-- savepoint rollback (2 levels)
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       1
+(1 row)
+
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_subxact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SAVEPOINT sp1;
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_subxact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted 
+----------------------------------
+                                2
+(1 row)
+
+SAVEPOINT sp2;
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_subxact;
+ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT sp2;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted 
+----------------------------------
+                                2
+(1 row)
+
+COMMIT;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       1
+(1 row)
+
+-- savepoint rolback (1 level)
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       1
+(1 row)
+
+BEGIN;
+SAVEPOINT sp1;
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_subxact;
+SAVEPOINT sp2;
+ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT sp1;
+COMMIT;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       1
+(1 row)
+
+-- and now actually drop
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       1
+(1 row)
+
+BEGIN;
+SAVEPOINT sp1;
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_subxact;
+SAVEPOINT sp2;
+RELEASE SAVEPOINT sp1;
+COMMIT;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_live_tuples 
+-------------------------
+                       0
+(1 row)
+
+-----
+-- continuation of track function tests
+-----
+-- check stats were collected
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+     funcname     | calls 
+------------------+-------
+ stats_test_func1 |     2
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func2_oid;
+     funcname     | calls 
+------------------+-------
+ stats_test_func2 |     4
+(1 row)
+
+-- check that a rolled back drop function stats leaves stats alive
+BEGIN;
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+     funcname     | calls 
+------------------+-------
+ stats_test_func1 |     2
+(1 row)
+
+DROP FUNCTION stats_test_func1();
+-- shouldn't be visible via view
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+ funcname | calls 
+----------+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+-- but still via oid access
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_function_calls 
+----------------------------
+                          2
+(1 row)
+
+ROLLBACK;
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+     funcname     | calls 
+------------------+-------
+ stats_test_func1 |     2
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_function_calls 
+----------------------------
+                          2
+(1 row)
+
+-- check that function dropped in main transaction leaves no stats behind
+BEGIN;
+DROP FUNCTION stats_test_func1();
+COMMIT;
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+ funcname | calls 
+----------+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_function_calls 
+----------------------------
+                           
+(1 row)
+
+-- check that function dropped in a subtransaction leaves no stats behind
+BEGIN;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+ stats_test_func2 
+------------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+SAVEPOINT a;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+ stats_test_func2 
+------------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+SAVEPOINT b;
+DROP FUNCTION stats_test_func2();
+COMMIT;
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func2_oid;
+ funcname | calls 
+----------+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func2_oid);
+ pg_stat_get_function_calls 
+----------------------------
+                           
+(1 row)
+
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
+\dt *stats_test*
+      List of relations
+ Schema | Name | Type | Owner 
+--------+------+------+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+\dv *stats_test*
+      List of relations
+ Schema | Name | Type | Owner 
+--------+------+------+-------
+(0 rows)
+
 -- End of Stats Test
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
index feaaee6326e..da05e8992c8 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
@@ -13,8 +13,12 @@ SET enable_seqscan TO on;
 SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 -- for the moment, we don't want index-only scans here
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
+-- not enabled by default, but we want to test it...
+SET track_functions TO 'all';
 
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -23,6 +27,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
@@ -33,6 +38,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- we don't want to wait forever; loop will exit after 30 seconds
   for i in 1 .. 300 loop
 
@@ -143,6 +150,58 @@ SET enable_bitmapscan TO off;
 SELECT count(*) FROM tenk2 WHERE unique1 = 1;
 RESET enable_bitmapscan;
 
+-- Check that stats for tables are dropped without needing to wait for
+-- vacuum. For that we need to access stats by oid after the DROP
+-- TABLE. Save it.
+CREATE TABLE drop_stats_test();
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT 'drop_stats_test'::regclass::oid AS drop_stats_test_oid \gset
+
+CREATE TABLE drop_stats_test_xact();
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_xact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT 'drop_stats_test_xact'::regclass::oid AS drop_stats_test_xact_oid \gset
+
+CREATE TABLE drop_stats_test_subxact();
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_subxact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT 'drop_stats_test_subxact'::regclass::oid AS drop_stats_test_subxact_oid \gset
+
+
+-- Basic testing for track_functions
+CREATE FUNCTION stats_test_func1() RETURNS VOID LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$BEGIN END;$$;
+SELECT 'stats_test_func1()'::regprocedure::oid AS stats_test_func1_oid \gset
+CREATE FUNCTION stats_test_func2() RETURNS VOID LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$BEGIN END;$$;
+SELECT 'stats_test_func2()'::regprocedure::oid AS stats_test_func2_oid \gset
+
+-- Basic test that stats are accumulated
+BEGIN;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+SELECT stats_test_func1();
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+SELECT stats_test_func1();
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+COMMIT;
+
+-- Verify that function stats are not transactional (displayed after
+-- wait_for_stats() below)
+
+-- rolled back savepoint in committing transaction
+BEGIN;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+SAVEPOINT foo;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT foo;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_function_calls(:stats_test_func2_oid);
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+COMMIT;
+
+-- rolled back transaction
+BEGIN;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+ROLLBACK;
+
+
 -- We can't just call wait_for_stats() at this point, because we only
 -- transmit stats when the session goes idle, and we probably didn't
 -- transmit the last couple of counts yet thanks to the rate-limiting logic
@@ -155,6 +214,10 @@ RESET enable_bitmapscan;
 SELECT wait_for_stats();
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -174,6 +237,115 @@ SELECT st.heap_blks_read + st.heap_blks_hit >= pr.heap_blks + cl.relpages,
 SELECT pr.snap_ts < pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp() as snapshot_newer
 FROM prevstats AS pr;
 
+COMMIT;
+
+
+-- check stats are dropped (happens synchronously)
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_oid);
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_oid);
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_oid);
+
+-- check that rollback protects against having stats dropped
+-- and that local modifcations don't pose a problem
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+SELECT pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_xact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_xact;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+ROLLBACK;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+SELECT pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+
+-- transactional drop (Cannot use pg_stat_get_xact again, timing
+-- dependent whether already flushed)
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+SELECT pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_xact DEFAULT VALUES;
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_xact;
+COMMIT;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+SELECT pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_xact_oid);
+
+-- savepoint rollback (2 levels)
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_subxact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SAVEPOINT sp1;
+INSERT INTO drop_stats_test_subxact DEFAULT VALUES;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+SAVEPOINT sp2;
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_subxact;
+ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT sp2;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_inserted(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+COMMIT;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+
+-- savepoint rolback (1 level)
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+BEGIN;
+SAVEPOINT sp1;
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_subxact;
+SAVEPOINT sp2;
+ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT sp1;
+COMMIT;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+
+-- and now actually drop
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+BEGIN;
+SAVEPOINT sp1;
+DROP TABLE drop_stats_test_subxact;
+SAVEPOINT sp2;
+RELEASE SAVEPOINT sp1;
+COMMIT;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_live_tuples(:drop_stats_test_subxact_oid);
+
+-----
+-- continuation of track function tests
+-----
+
+-- check stats were collected
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func2_oid;
+
+-- check that a rolled back drop function stats leaves stats alive
+BEGIN;
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+DROP FUNCTION stats_test_func1();
+-- shouldn't be visible via view
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+-- but still via oid access
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+ROLLBACK;
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+
+-- check that function dropped in main transaction leaves no stats behind
+BEGIN;
+DROP FUNCTION stats_test_func1();
+COMMIT;
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func1_oid;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func1_oid);
+
+-- check that function dropped in a subtransaction leaves no stats behind
+BEGIN;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+SAVEPOINT a;
+SELECT stats_test_func2();
+SAVEPOINT b;
+DROP FUNCTION stats_test_func2();
+COMMIT;
+SELECT funcname, calls FROM pg_stat_user_functions WHERE funcid = :stats_test_func2_oid;
+SELECT pg_stat_get_function_calls(:stats_test_func2_oid);
+
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
+
+\dt *stats_test*
+\dv *stats_test*
 -- End of Stats Test
diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
index d2d96380a3b..9ed9b59d5ce 100644
--- a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
+++ b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
@@ -1836,39 +1836,23 @@ PgFdwPathExtraData
 PgFdwRelationInfo
 PgFdwScanState
 PgIfAddrCallback
+PgStatHashEntry
+PgStatHashKey
+PgStatLocalHashEntry
+PgStatSharedSLRUStats
+PgStatShm_StatDBEntry
+PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader
+PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry
+PgStatShm_StatTabEntry
+PgStatShmemGlobal
+PgStatTypes
 PgStat_ArchiverStats
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
+PgStat_BgWriterStats
+PgStat_CheckPointerStats
 PgStat_Counter
 PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 PgStat_FunctionCounts
-PgStat_FunctionEntry
-PgStat_GlobalStats
-PgStat_Msg
-PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-PgStat_MsgArchiver
-PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-PgStat_MsgDropdb
-PgStat_MsgDummy
-PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-PgStat_MsgHdr
-PgStat_MsgInquiry
-PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-PgStat_MsgSLRU
-PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-PgStat_MsgTabstat
-PgStat_MsgTempFile
-PgStat_MsgVacuum
-PgStat_MsgWal
 PgStat_ReplSlotStats
 PgStat_SLRUStats
 PgStat_Shared_Reset_Target
@@ -1878,7 +1862,6 @@ PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 PgStat_StatTabEntry
 PgStat_SubXactStatus
 PgStat_TableCounts
-PgStat_TableEntry
 PgStat_TableStatus
 PgStat_TableXactStatus
 PgStat_WalStats
@@ -2395,7 +2378,6 @@ StartupPacket
 StartupStatusEnum
 StatEntry
 StatExtEntry
-StatMsgType
 StateFileChunk
 StatisticExtInfo
 Stats
@@ -2498,8 +2480,6 @@ TXNEntryFile
 TYPCATEGORY
 T_Action
 T_WorkerStatus
-TabStatHashEntry
-TabStatusArray
 TableAmRoutine
 TableDataInfo
 TableFunc
-- 
2.31.0.121.g9198c13e34


--zefjd6adjk3g4ecc
Content-Type: text/x-diff; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="v60-0014-pgstat-Move-pgstat.c-to-utils-activity.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
@ 2022-02-11 17:02 Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-02-16 12:56 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Sofia Kopikova <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 2 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2022-02-11 17:02 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: PostgreSQL Hackers <[email protected]>

Hi,

here's a small patch modifying postgres_fdw to use TABLESAMPLE to 
collect sample when running ANALYZE on a foreign table. Currently the 
sampling happens locally, i.e. we fetch all data from the remote server 
and then pick rows. But that's hugely expensive for large relations 
and/or with limited network bandwidth, of course.

Alexander Lepikhov mentioned this in [1], but it was actually proposed 
by Stephen in 2020 [2] but no patch even materialized.

So here we go. The patch does a very simple thing - it uses TABLESAMPLE 
to collect/transfer just a small sample from the remote node, saving 
both CPU and network.

And indeed, that helps quite a bit:

---------------------------------------------------------------------
create table t (a int);
Time: 10.223 ms

insert into t select i from generate_series(1,10000000) s(i);
Time: 552.207 ms

analyze t;
Time: 310.445 ms

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft (a int)
   SERVER foreign_server
   OPTIONS (schema_name 'public', table_name 't');
Time: 4.838 ms

analyze ft;
WARNING:  SQL: DECLARE c1 CURSOR FOR SELECT a FROM public.t TABLESAMPLE 
SYSTEM(0.375001)
Time: 44.632 ms

alter foreign table ft options (sample 'false');
Time: 4.821 ms

analyze ft;
WARNING:  SQL: DECLARE c1 CURSOR FOR SELECT a FROM public.t
Time: 6690.425 ms (00:06.690)
---------------------------------------------------------------------

6690ms without sampling, and 44ms with sampling - quite an improvement. 
Of course, the difference may be much smaller/larger in other cases.

Now, there's a couple issues ...

Firstly, the FDW API forces a bit strange division of work between 
different methods and duplicating some of it (and it's already mentioned 
in postgresAnalyzeForeignTable). But that's minor and can be fixed.

The other issue is which sampling method to use - we have SYSTEM and 
BERNOULLI built in, and the tsm_system_rows as an extension (and _time, 
but that's not very useful here). I guess we'd use one of the built-in 
ones, because that'll work on more systems out of the box.

But that leads to the main issue - determining the fraction of rows to 
sample. We know how many rows we want to sample, but we have no idea how 
many rows there are in total. We can look at reltuples, but we can't be 
sure how accurate / up-to-date that value is.

The patch just trusts it unless it's obviously bogus (-1, 0, etc.) and 
applies some simple sanity checks, but I wonder if we need to do more 
(e.g. look at relation size and adjust reltuples by current/relpages).

FWIW this is yet a bit more convoluted when analyzing partitioned table 
with foreign partitions, because we only ever look at relation sizes to 
determine how many rows to sample from each partition.


regards

[1] 
https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/bdb0bea2-a0da-1f1d-5c92-96ff90c198eb%40postgrespro.ru

[2] 
https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20200829162231.GE29590%40tamriel.snowman.net

-- 
Tomas Vondra
EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com
The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company

Attachments:

  [text/x-patch] postgres-fdw-analyze-sample-20220211.patch (9.6K, ../../[email protected]/2-postgres-fdw-analyze-sample-20220211.patch)
  download | inline diff:
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
index bf12eac0288..68f875c47a6 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
@@ -2267,6 +2267,26 @@ deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
 	appendStringInfo(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass) / %d", BLCKSZ);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire numbe of rows of given relation.
+ *
+ * Note: Maybe this should compare relpages and current relation size
+ * and adjust reltuples accordingly?
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
+{
+	StringInfoData relname;
+
+	/* We'll need the remote relation name as a literal. */
+	initStringInfo(&relname);
+	deparseRelation(&relname, rel);
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT reltuples FROM pg_catalog.pg_class WHERE oid = ");
+	deparseStringLiteral(buf, relname.data);
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass");
+}
+
 /*
  * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation.
  *
@@ -2328,6 +2348,72 @@ deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs)
 	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation,
+ * by sampling a fraction of the table using TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM.
+ *
+ * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
+ * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
+ *
+ * Note: We could allow selecting system/bernoulli, and maybe even the
+ * optional TSM modules (especially tsm_system_rows would help).
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeSampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs, double sample_frac)
+{
+	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
+	int			i;
+	char	   *colname;
+	List	   *options;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	bool		first = true;
+
+	*retrieved_attrs = NIL;
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT ");
+	for (i = 0; i < tupdesc->natts; i++)
+	{
+		/* Ignore dropped columns. */
+		if (TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attisdropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!first)
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ", ");
+		first = false;
+
+		/* Use attribute name or column_name option. */
+		colname = NameStr(TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attname);
+		options = GetForeignColumnOptions(relid, i + 1);
+
+		foreach(lc, options)
+		{
+			DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+			if (strcmp(def->defname, "column_name") == 0)
+			{
+				colname = defGetString(def);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, quote_identifier(colname));
+
+		*retrieved_attrs = lappend_int(*retrieved_attrs, i + 1);
+	}
+
+	/* Don't generate bad syntax for zero-column relation. */
+	if (first)
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct FROM clause
+	 */
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
+	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
+	appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
+}
+
 /*
  * Construct a simple "TRUNCATE rel" statement
  */
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
index fc3ce6a53a2..02be48ec82c 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
@@ -121,7 +121,8 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			strcmp(def->defname, "updatable") == 0 ||
 			strcmp(def->defname, "truncatable") == 0 ||
 			strcmp(def->defname, "async_capable") == 0 ||
-			strcmp(def->defname, "keep_connections") == 0)
+			strcmp(def->defname, "keep_connections") == 0 ||
+			strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
 		{
 			/* these accept only boolean values */
 			(void) defGetBoolean(def);
@@ -252,6 +253,10 @@ InitPgFdwOptions(void)
 		{"keep_connections", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
 		{"password_required", UserMappingRelationId, false},
 
+		/* sampling is available on both server and table */
+		{"sample", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
+		{"sample", ForeignTableRelationId, false},
+
 		/*
 		 * sslcert and sslkey are in fact libpq options, but we repeat them
 		 * here to allow them to appear in both foreign server context (when
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
index 56654844e8f..be04ceb01ef 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
@@ -4961,6 +4961,68 @@ postgresAnalyzeForeignTable(Relation relation,
 	return true;
 }
 
+/*
+ * postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable
+ *		Count tuples in foreign table (just get pg_class.reltuples).
+ *
+ * Note: It's unclear how accurate reltuples is, maybe size that using
+ * relpages and simple assumptions (1 tuples per page, ...)? Using
+ * tsm_system_rows wold make this somewhat unnecessary.
+ */
+static double
+postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(Relation relation)
+{
+	ForeignTable *table;
+	UserMapping *user;
+	PGconn	   *conn;
+	StringInfoData sql;
+	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	double		reltuples = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we have to get the number of pages.  It's annoying that the ANALYZE
+	 * API requires us to return that now, because it forces some duplication
+	 * of effort between this routine and postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc.  But
+	 * it's probably not worth redefining that API at this point.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the connection to use.  We do the remote access as the table's
+	 * owner, even if the ANALYZE was started by some other user.
+	 */
+	table = GetForeignTable(RelationGetRelid(relation));
+	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
+	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct command to get page count for relation.
+	 */
+	initStringInfo(&sql);
+	deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(&sql, relation);
+
+	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
+	PG_TRY();
+	{
+		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
+		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
+			pgfdw_report_error(ERROR, res, conn, false, sql.data);
+
+		if (PQntuples(res) != 1 || PQnfields(res) != 1)
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected result from deparseAnalyzeSizeSql query");
+		reltuples = strtod(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0), NULL);
+	}
+	PG_FINALLY();
+	{
+		if (res)
+			PQclear(res);
+	}
+	PG_END_TRY();
+
+	ReleaseConnection(conn);
+
+	return reltuples;
+}
+
 /*
  * Acquire a random sample of rows from foreign table managed by postgres_fdw.
  *
@@ -4991,6 +5053,12 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	unsigned int cursor_number;
 	StringInfoData sql;
 	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+
+	/* sampling enabled by default */
+	bool		do_sample = true;
+	double		sample_frac = -1.0;
+	double		reltuples;
 
 	/* Initialize workspace state */
 	astate.rel = relation;
@@ -5018,20 +5086,74 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
 	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
 
+	/*
+	 * Should we use TABLESAMPLE to collect the remote sample?
+	 */
+	foreach(lc, server->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
+		{
+			do_sample = defGetBoolean(def);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	foreach(lc, table->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
+		{
+			do_sample = defGetBoolean(def);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (do_sample)
+	{
+		reltuples = postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(relation);
+
+		if ((reltuples <= 0) || (targrows >= reltuples))
+			do_sample = false;
+
+		sample_frac = targrows / reltuples;
+
+		/* Let's sample a bit more, we'll reduce the sample locally. */
+		sample_frac *= 1.25;
+
+		/* Sanity checks. */
+		sample_frac = Min(1.0, Max(0.0, sample_frac));
+
+		/*
+		 * When sampling too large fraction, just read everything.
+		 *
+		 * XXX It's not clear where exactly the threshold is, with slow
+		 * network it may be cheaper to sample even 90%.
+		 */
+		if (sample_frac > 0.5)
+			do_sample = false;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Construct cursor that retrieves whole rows from remote.
 	 */
 	cursor_number = GetCursorNumber(conn);
 	initStringInfo(&sql);
 	appendStringInfo(&sql, "DECLARE c%u CURSOR FOR ", cursor_number);
-	deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
+
+	if (do_sample)
+		deparseAnalyzeSampleSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs, sample_frac);
+	else
+		deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
+
+	elog(WARNING, "SQL: %s", sql.data);
 
 	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
 	PG_TRY();
 	{
 		char		fetch_sql[64];
 		int			fetch_size;
-		ListCell   *lc;
 
 		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
 		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
@@ -5120,7 +5242,10 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	*totaldeadrows = 0.0;
 
 	/* We've retrieved all living tuples from foreign server. */
-	*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
+	if (do_sample)
+		*totalrows = reltuples;
+	else
+		*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
 
 	/*
 	 * Emit some interesting relation info
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
index 8ae79e97e44..5e4f732e563 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
@@ -208,8 +208,12 @@ extern void deparseDirectDeleteSql(StringInfo buf, PlannerInfo *root,
 								   List *returningList,
 								   List **retrieved_attrs);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
 							  List **retrieved_attrs);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeSampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+									List **retrieved_attrs,
+									double sample_frac);
 extern void deparseTruncateSql(StringInfo buf,
 							   List *rels,
 							   DropBehavior behavior,


^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
@ 2022-02-16 12:56 ` Sofia Kopikova <[email protected]>
  1 sibling, 0 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Sofia Kopikova @ 2022-02-16 12:56 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>; pgsql-hackers <[email protected]>


Hello,
 
I find it a great idea to use TABLESAMPLE in postgres_fdw ANALYZE.
Let me offer you some ideas how to resolve you problems.
 
Tomas Vondra < [email protected] > writes:
> The other issue is which sampling method to use - we have SYSTEM and 
> BERNOULLI built in, and the tsm_system_rows as an extension (and _time,
> but that's not very useful here). I guess we'd use one of the built-in
> ones, because that'll work on more systems out of the box.
 
It’s hard to choose between speed and quality, but I think we need
SYSTEM method here. This patch is for speeding-up ANALYZE,
and SYSTEM method will faster than BERNOULLI on fraction
values to 50%.
 
> But that leads to the main issue - determining the fraction of rows to
> sample. We know how many rows we want to sample, but we have no idea how
> many rows there are in total. We can look at reltuples, but we can't be
> sure how accurate / up-to-date that value is.
>
> The patch just trusts it unless it's obviously bogus (-1, 0, etc.) and
> applies some simple sanity checks, but I wonder if we need to do more
> (e.g. look at relation size and adjust reltuples by current/relpages).
 
I found a query on Stackoverflow (it does similar thing to what
estimate_rel_size does) that may help with it. So that makes
tsm_system_rows unnecessary.
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
SELECT
    (CASE WHEN relpages = 0 THEN float8 '0'
                ELSE reltuples / relpages END
    * (pg_relation_size(oid) / pg_catalog.current_setting('block_size')::int)
    )::bigint
FROM pg_class c
WHERE c.oid = 'tablename'::regclass;
----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
And one more refactoring note. New function deparseAnalyzeSampleSql
duplicates function deparseAnalyzeSql (is previous in file deparse.c)
except for the new last line. I guess it would be better to add new
parameter — double sample_frac — to existing function
deparseAnalyzeSql and use it as a condition for adding
"TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM..." to SQL query (set it to zero when
do_sample is false). Or you may also add do_sample as a parameter to
deparseAnalyzeSql, but as for me that’s redundantly.
 
Stackoverflow:  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7943233/fast-way-to-discover-the-row-count-of-a-table-in-postgre...
 
--
Sofia Kopikova
Postgres Professional:  http://www.postgrespro.com
The Russian Postgres Company
 
 
 

^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
@ 2022-07-16 21:57 ` Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  1 sibling, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tom Lane @ 2022-07-16 21:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>; +Cc: Andres Freund <[email protected]>; Fujii Masao <[email protected]>; Robert Haas <[email protected]>; PostgreSQL Hackers <[email protected]>

Andres Freund <[email protected]> writes:
> On 2022-02-23 00:51:24 +0100, Tomas Vondra wrote:
>> And here's the slightly simplified patch, without the part adding the
>> unnecessary GetServerVersion() function.

> Doesn't apply anymore: http://cfbot.cputube.org/patch_37_3535.log
> Marked as waiting-on-author.

Here's a rebased version that should at least pass regression tests.

I've not reviewed it in any detail, but:

* I'm not really on board with defaulting to SYSTEM sample method,
and definitely not on board with not allowing any other choice.
We don't know enough about the situation in a remote table to be
confident that potentially-nonrandom sampling is OK.  So personally
I'd default to BERNOULLI, which is more reliable and seems plenty fast
enough given your upthread results.  It could be an idea to extend the
sample option to be like "sample [ = methodname ]", if you want more
flexibility, but I'd be happy leaving that for another time.

* The code depending on reltuples is broken in recent server versions,
and might give useless results in older ones too (if reltuples =
relpages = 0).  Ideally we'd retrieve all of reltuples, relpages, and
pg_relation_size(rel), and do the same calculation the planner does.
Not sure if pg_relation_size() exists far enough back though.

* Copying-and-pasting all of deparseAnalyzeSql (twice!) seems pretty
bletcherous.  Why not call that and then add a WHERE clause to its
result, or just add some parameters to it so it can do that itself?

* More attention to updating relevant comments would be appropriate,
eg here you've not bothered to fix the adjacent falsified comment:

 	/* We've retrieved all living tuples from foreign server. */
-	*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
+	if (do_sample)
+		*totalrows = reltuples;
+	else
+		*totalrows = astate.samplerows;

* Needs docs obviously.  I'm not sure if the existing regression
testing covers the new code adequately or if we need more cases.

Having said that much, I'm going to leave it in Waiting on Author
state.

			regards, tom lane



Attachments:

  [text/x-diff] 0001-postgres_fdw-sample-data-on-remote-node-for-20220716.patch (13.6K, ../../[email protected]/2-0001-postgres_fdw-sample-data-on-remote-node-for-20220716.patch)
  download | inline diff:
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
index 8f4d8a5022..cdf12e53e8 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
@@ -2297,6 +2297,31 @@ deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
 	appendStringInfo(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass) / %d", BLCKSZ);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire the number of rows in given relation.
+ *
+ * We just need an estimate here, so consult pg_class.reltuples instead
+ * of doing anything as expensive as COUNT(*).
+ *
+ * Note: Maybe this should compare relpages and current relation size
+ * and adjust reltuples accordingly, like the planner does?
+ * XXX: it needs some work anyway, because it won't do anything sane
+ * for a never-analyzed table with reltuples = -1.
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
+{
+	StringInfoData relname;
+
+	/* We'll need the remote relation name as a literal. */
+	initStringInfo(&relname);
+	deparseRelation(&relname, rel);
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT reltuples FROM pg_catalog.pg_class WHERE oid = ");
+	deparseStringLiteral(buf, relname.data);
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass");
+}
+
 /*
  * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation.
  *
@@ -2358,6 +2383,135 @@ deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs)
 	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation,
+ * by sampling a fraction of the table using TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM.
+ *
+ * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
+ * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
+ *
+ * Note: We could allow selecting system/bernoulli, and maybe even the
+ * optional TSM modules (especially tsm_system_rows would help).
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs, double sample_frac)
+{
+	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
+	int			i;
+	char	   *colname;
+	List	   *options;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	bool		first = true;
+
+	*retrieved_attrs = NIL;
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT ");
+	for (i = 0; i < tupdesc->natts; i++)
+	{
+		/* Ignore dropped columns. */
+		if (TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attisdropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!first)
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ", ");
+		first = false;
+
+		/* Use attribute name or column_name option. */
+		colname = NameStr(TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attname);
+		options = GetForeignColumnOptions(relid, i + 1);
+
+		foreach(lc, options)
+		{
+			DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+			if (strcmp(def->defname, "column_name") == 0)
+			{
+				colname = defGetString(def);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, quote_identifier(colname));
+
+		*retrieved_attrs = lappend_int(*retrieved_attrs, i + 1);
+	}
+
+	/* Don't generate bad syntax for zero-column relation. */
+	if (first)
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct FROM clause
+	 */
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
+	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
+	appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation,
+ * by sampling a fraction of the table using random().
+ *
+ * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
+ * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeLegacySampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs, double sample_frac)
+{
+	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
+	int			i;
+	char	   *colname;
+	List	   *options;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	bool		first = true;
+
+	*retrieved_attrs = NIL;
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT ");
+	for (i = 0; i < tupdesc->natts; i++)
+	{
+		/* Ignore dropped columns. */
+		if (TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attisdropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!first)
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ", ");
+		first = false;
+
+		/* Use attribute name or column_name option. */
+		colname = NameStr(TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attname);
+		options = GetForeignColumnOptions(relid, i + 1);
+
+		foreach(lc, options)
+		{
+			DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+			if (strcmp(def->defname, "column_name") == 0)
+			{
+				colname = defGetString(def);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, quote_identifier(colname));
+
+		*retrieved_attrs = lappend_int(*retrieved_attrs, i + 1);
+	}
+
+	/* Don't generate bad syntax for zero-column relation. */
+	if (first)
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct FROM clause
+	 */
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
+	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
+	appendStringInfo(buf, " WHERE random() < %f", sample_frac);
+}
+
 /*
  * Construct a simple "TRUNCATE rel" statement
  */
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 5f2ef88cf3..482c21032b 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -9532,7 +9532,7 @@ DO $d$
     END;
 $d$;
 ERROR:  invalid option "password"
-HINT:  Valid options in this context are: service, passfile, channel_binding, connect_timeout, dbname, host, hostaddr, port, options, application_name, keepalives, keepalives_idle, keepalives_interval, keepalives_count, tcp_user_timeout, sslmode, sslcompression, sslcert, sslkey, sslrootcert, sslcrl, sslcrldir, sslsni, requirepeer, ssl_min_protocol_version, ssl_max_protocol_version, gssencmode, krbsrvname, gsslib, target_session_attrs, use_remote_estimate, fdw_startup_cost, fdw_tuple_cost, extensions, updatable, truncatable, fetch_size, batch_size, async_capable, parallel_commit, keep_connections
+HINT:  Valid options in this context are: service, passfile, channel_binding, connect_timeout, dbname, host, hostaddr, port, options, application_name, keepalives, keepalives_idle, keepalives_interval, keepalives_count, tcp_user_timeout, sslmode, sslcompression, sslcert, sslkey, sslrootcert, sslcrl, sslcrldir, sslsni, requirepeer, ssl_min_protocol_version, ssl_max_protocol_version, gssencmode, krbsrvname, gsslib, target_session_attrs, use_remote_estimate, fdw_startup_cost, fdw_tuple_cost, extensions, updatable, truncatable, fetch_size, batch_size, async_capable, parallel_commit, keep_connections, sample
 CONTEXT:  SQL statement "ALTER SERVER loopback_nopw OPTIONS (ADD password 'dummypw')"
 PL/pgSQL function inline_code_block line 3 at EXECUTE
 -- If we add a password for our user mapping instead, we should get a different
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
index 572591a558..3749d4701a 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
@@ -122,7 +122,8 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			strcmp(def->defname, "truncatable") == 0 ||
 			strcmp(def->defname, "async_capable") == 0 ||
 			strcmp(def->defname, "parallel_commit") == 0 ||
-			strcmp(def->defname, "keep_connections") == 0)
+			strcmp(def->defname, "keep_connections") == 0 ||
+			strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
 		{
 			/* these accept only boolean values */
 			(void) defGetBoolean(def);
@@ -254,6 +255,10 @@ InitPgFdwOptions(void)
 		{"keep_connections", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
 		{"password_required", UserMappingRelationId, false},
 
+		/* sampling is available on both server and table */
+		{"sample", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
+		{"sample", ForeignTableRelationId, false},
+
 		/*
 		 * sslcert and sslkey are in fact libpq options, but we repeat them
 		 * here to allow them to appear in both foreign server context (when
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
index 955a428e3d..cd2088e2ae 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
@@ -4961,6 +4961,68 @@ postgresAnalyzeForeignTable(Relation relation,
 	return true;
 }
 
+/*
+ * postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable
+ *		Count tuples in foreign table (just get pg_class.reltuples).
+ *
+ * Note: It's unclear how accurate reltuples is, maybe size that using
+ * relpages and simple assumptions (1 tuples per page, ...)? Using
+ * tsm_system_rows wold make this somewhat unnecessary.
+ */
+static double
+postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(Relation relation)
+{
+	ForeignTable *table;
+	UserMapping *user;
+	PGconn	   *conn;
+	StringInfoData sql;
+	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	double		reltuples = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we have to get the number of pages.  It's annoying that the ANALYZE
+	 * API requires us to return that now, because it forces some duplication
+	 * of effort between this routine and postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc.  But
+	 * it's probably not worth redefining that API at this point.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the connection to use.  We do the remote access as the table's
+	 * owner, even if the ANALYZE was started by some other user.
+	 */
+	table = GetForeignTable(RelationGetRelid(relation));
+	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
+	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct command to get page count for relation.
+	 */
+	initStringInfo(&sql);
+	deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(&sql, relation);
+
+	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
+	PG_TRY();
+	{
+		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
+		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
+			pgfdw_report_error(ERROR, res, conn, false, sql.data);
+
+		if (PQntuples(res) != 1 || PQnfields(res) != 1)
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected result from deparseAnalyzeSizeSql query");
+		reltuples = strtod(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0), NULL);
+	}
+	PG_FINALLY();
+	{
+		if (res)
+			PQclear(res);
+	}
+	PG_END_TRY();
+
+	ReleaseConnection(conn);
+
+	return reltuples;
+}
+
 /*
  * Acquire a random sample of rows from foreign table managed by postgres_fdw.
  *
@@ -4991,6 +5053,12 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	unsigned int cursor_number;
 	StringInfoData sql;
 	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	int			server_version_num;
+	bool		do_sample = true;	/* enabled by default */
+	bool		use_tablesample = true;
+	double		sample_frac = -1.0;
+	double		reltuples;
 
 	/* Initialize workspace state */
 	astate.rel = relation;
@@ -5018,20 +5086,81 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
 	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
 
+	/* We'll need server version, so fetch it now. */
+	server_version_num = PQserverVersion(conn);
+
+	/* disable tablesample on old remote servers */
+	if (server_version_num < 95000)
+		use_tablesample = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * Should we use TABLESAMPLE to collect the remote sample?
+	 */
+	foreach(lc, server->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
+		{
+			do_sample = defGetBoolean(def);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	foreach(lc, table->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
+		{
+			do_sample = defGetBoolean(def);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (do_sample)
+	{
+		reltuples = postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(relation);
+
+		if ((reltuples <= 0) || (targrows >= reltuples))
+			do_sample = false;
+
+		sample_frac = targrows / reltuples;
+
+		/* Let's sample a bit more, we'll reduce the sample locally. */
+		sample_frac *= 1.25;
+
+		/* Sanity checks. */
+		sample_frac = Min(1.0, Max(0.0, sample_frac));
+
+		/*
+		 * When sampling too large fraction, just read everything.
+		 *
+		 * XXX It's not clear where exactly the threshold is, with slow
+		 * network it may be cheaper to sample even 90%.
+		 */
+		if (sample_frac > 0.5)
+			do_sample = false;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Construct cursor that retrieves whole rows from remote.
 	 */
 	cursor_number = GetCursorNumber(conn);
 	initStringInfo(&sql);
 	appendStringInfo(&sql, "DECLARE c%u CURSOR FOR ", cursor_number);
-	deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
+
+	if (do_sample && use_tablesample)
+		deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs, sample_frac);
+	else if (do_sample)
+		deparseAnalyzeLegacySampleSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs, sample_frac);
+	else
+		deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
 
 	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
 	PG_TRY();
 	{
 		char		fetch_sql[64];
 		int			fetch_size;
-		ListCell   *lc;
 
 		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
 		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
@@ -5119,7 +5248,10 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	*totaldeadrows = 0.0;
 
 	/* We've retrieved all living tuples from foreign server. */
-	*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
+	if (do_sample)
+		*totalrows = reltuples;
+	else
+		*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
 
 	/*
 	 * Emit some interesting relation info
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
index 21f2b20ce8..b0d9cf4298 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
@@ -211,8 +211,15 @@ extern void deparseDirectDeleteSql(StringInfo buf, PlannerInfo *root,
 								   List *returningList,
 								   List **retrieved_attrs);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
 							  List **retrieved_attrs);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+										 List **retrieved_attrs,
+										 double sample_frac);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeLegacySampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+										  List **retrieved_attrs,
+										  double sample_frac);
 extern void deparseTruncateSql(StringInfo buf,
 							   List *rels,
 							   DropBehavior behavior,


^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
@ 2022-07-18 11:36   ` Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2022-07-18 11:36 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tom Lane <[email protected]>; +Cc: Andres Freund <[email protected]>; Fujii Masao <[email protected]>; Robert Haas <[email protected]>; PostgreSQL Hackers <[email protected]>

On 7/16/22 23:57, Tom Lane wrote:
> Andres Freund <[email protected]> writes:
>> On 2022-02-23 00:51:24 +0100, Tomas Vondra wrote:
>>> And here's the slightly simplified patch, without the part adding the
>>> unnecessary GetServerVersion() function.
> 
>> Doesn't apply anymore: http://cfbot.cputube.org/patch_37_3535.log
>> Marked as waiting-on-author.
> 
> Here's a rebased version that should at least pass regression tests.
>

Thanks. I've been hacking on this over the past few days, and by
coincidence I've been improving exactly the stuff you've pointed out in
the review. 0001 is just the original patch rebased, 0002 includes all
the various changes.

> I've not reviewed it in any detail, but:
> 
> * I'm not really on board with defaulting to SYSTEM sample method,
> and definitely not on board with not allowing any other choice.
> We don't know enough about the situation in a remote table to be
> confident that potentially-nonrandom sampling is OK.  So personally
> I'd default to BERNOULLI, which is more reliable and seems plenty fast
> enough given your upthread results.  It could be an idea to extend the
> sample option to be like "sample [ = methodname ]", if you want more
> flexibility, but I'd be happy leaving that for another time.
> 

I agree, I came roughly to the same conclusion, so I replaced the simple
on/off option with these options:

off - Disables the remote sampling, so we just fetch everything and do
sampling on the local node, just like today.

random - Remote sampling, but "naive" implementation using random()
function. The advantage is this reduces the amount of data we need to
transfer, but it still reads the whole table. This should work for all
server versions, I believe.

system - TABLESAMPLE system method.

bernoulli - TABLESAMOLE bernoulli (default for 9.5+)

auto - picks bernoulli on 9.5+, random on older servers.

I'm not sure about custom TABLESAMPLE methods - that adds more
complexity to detect if it's installed, it's trickier to decide what's
the best choice (for "auto" to make decide), and the parameter is also
different (e.g. system_rows uses number of rows vs. sampling rate).

> * The code depending on reltuples is broken in recent server versions,
> and might give useless results in older ones too (if reltuples =
> relpages = 0).  Ideally we'd retrieve all of reltuples, relpages, and
> pg_relation_size(rel), and do the same calculation the planner does.
> Not sure if pg_relation_size() exists far enough back though.
> 

Yes, I noticed that too, and the reworked code should deal with this
reltuples=0 (by just disabling remote sampling).

I haven't implemented the reltuples/relpages correction yet, but I don't
think compatibility would be an issue - deparseAnalyzeSizeSql() already
calls pg_relation_size(), after all.

FWIW it seems a bit weird being so careful about adjusting reltuples,
when acquire_inherited_sample_rows() only really looks at relpages when
deciding how many rows to sample from each partition. If our goal is to
use a more accurate reltuples, maybe we should do that in the first step
already. Otherwise we may end up build with a sample that does not
reflect sizes of the partitions correctly.

Of course, the sample rate also matters for non-partitioned tables.


> * Copying-and-pasting all of deparseAnalyzeSql (twice!) seems pretty
> bletcherous.  Why not call that and then add a WHERE clause to its
> result, or just add some parameters to it so it can do that itself?
> 

Right. I ended up refactoring this into a single function, with a
"method" parameter that determines if/how we do the remote sampling.

> * More attention to updating relevant comments would be appropriate,
> eg here you've not bothered to fix the adjacent falsified comment:
> 
>  	/* We've retrieved all living tuples from foreign server. */
> -	*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
> +	if (do_sample)
> +		*totalrows = reltuples;
> +	else
> +		*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
> 

Yep, fixed.

> * Needs docs obviously.  I'm not sure if the existing regression
> testing covers the new code adequately or if we need more cases.
> 

Yep, I added the "sampling_method" to postgres-fdw.sgml.

> Having said that much, I'm going to leave it in Waiting on Author
> state.

Thanks. I'll switch this to "needs review" now.


regards

-- 
Tomas Vondra
EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com
The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company

Attachments:

  [text/x-patch] 0001-postgres_fdw-sample-data-on-remote-node-for-20220718.patch (13.6K, ../../[email protected]/2-0001-postgres_fdw-sample-data-on-remote-node-for-20220718.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 77589ba90e8f3007b0d58f522f9e498b7d8ab277 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
Date: Sat, 16 Jul 2022 00:37:20 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] postgres_fdw: sample data on remote node for ANALYZE

When performing ANALYZE on a foreign tables, we need to collect sample
of rows. Until now, we simply read all data from the remote node and
built the sample locally. That is very expensive, especially in terms of
network traffic etc. But it's possible to move the sampling to the
remote node, and use either TABLESAMPLE or simply random() to transfer
just much smaller amount of data.

So we run either

   SELECT * FROM table TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(fraction)

or

  SELECT * FROM table WHERE random() < fraction

depending on the server version (TABLESAMPLE is supported since 9.5).

To do that, we need to determine what fraction of the table to sample.
We rely on reltuples (fetched from the remote node) to be sufficiently
accurate and up to date, and calculate the fraction based on that. We
increase the sample size a bit (in case the table shrunk), and we still
do the reservoir sampling (in case it grew).

Using tsm_system_rows would allow specifying sample size in rows,
without determining sampling rate. But the sampling method may not be
installed, and we'd still have to determine the relation size.

This adds 'sample' option for remote servers / tables. By default, it's
set to 'true' which enables remote sampling. Setting it to 'false' uses
the old approach of fetching everything and sampling locally.
---
 contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c      | 152 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c       |   7 +-
 contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c | 142 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h |   7 ++
 4 files changed, 304 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
index 8f4d8a50226..8454f489161 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
@@ -2297,6 +2297,26 @@ deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
 	appendStringInfo(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass) / %d", BLCKSZ);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire numbe of rows of given relation.
+ *
+ * Note: Maybe this should compare relpages and current relation size
+ * and adjust reltuples accordingly?
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
+{
+	StringInfoData relname;
+
+	/* We'll need the remote relation name as a literal. */
+	initStringInfo(&relname);
+	deparseRelation(&relname, rel);
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT reltuples FROM pg_catalog.pg_class WHERE oid = ");
+	deparseStringLiteral(buf, relname.data);
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass");
+}
+
 /*
  * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation.
  *
@@ -2358,6 +2378,138 @@ deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs)
 	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation,
+ * by sampling a fraction of the table using TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM.
+ *
+ * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
+ * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
+ *
+ * Note: We could allow selecting system/bernoulli, and maybe even the
+ * optional TSM modules (especially tsm_system_rows would help).
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs, double sample_frac)
+{
+	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
+	int			i;
+	char	   *colname;
+	List	   *options;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	bool		first = true;
+
+	*retrieved_attrs = NIL;
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT ");
+	for (i = 0; i < tupdesc->natts; i++)
+	{
+		/* Ignore dropped columns. */
+		if (TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attisdropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!first)
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ", ");
+		first = false;
+
+		/* Use attribute name or column_name option. */
+		colname = NameStr(TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attname);
+		options = GetForeignColumnOptions(relid, i + 1);
+
+		foreach(lc, options)
+		{
+			DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+			if (strcmp(def->defname, "column_name") == 0)
+			{
+				colname = defGetString(def);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, quote_identifier(colname));
+
+		*retrieved_attrs = lappend_int(*retrieved_attrs, i + 1);
+	}
+
+	/* Don't generate bad syntax for zero-column relation. */
+	if (first)
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct FROM clause
+	 */
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
+	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
+	appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation,
+ * by sampling a fraction of the table using TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM.
+ *
+ * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
+ * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
+ *
+ * Note: We could allow selecting system/bernoulli, and maybe even the
+ * optional TSM modules (especially tsm_system_rows would help).
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeLegacySampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs, double sample_frac)
+{
+	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
+	int			i;
+	char	   *colname;
+	List	   *options;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	bool		first = true;
+
+	*retrieved_attrs = NIL;
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT ");
+	for (i = 0; i < tupdesc->natts; i++)
+	{
+		/* Ignore dropped columns. */
+		if (TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attisdropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!first)
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ", ");
+		first = false;
+
+		/* Use attribute name or column_name option. */
+		colname = NameStr(TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attname);
+		options = GetForeignColumnOptions(relid, i + 1);
+
+		foreach(lc, options)
+		{
+			DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+			if (strcmp(def->defname, "column_name") == 0)
+			{
+				colname = defGetString(def);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, quote_identifier(colname));
+
+		*retrieved_attrs = lappend_int(*retrieved_attrs, i + 1);
+	}
+
+	/* Don't generate bad syntax for zero-column relation. */
+	if (first)
+		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct FROM clause
+	 */
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
+	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
+	appendStringInfo(buf, " WHERE random() < %f", sample_frac);
+}
+
 /*
  * Construct a simple "TRUNCATE rel" statement
  */
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
index 572591a558d..3749d4701a7 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
@@ -122,7 +122,8 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			strcmp(def->defname, "truncatable") == 0 ||
 			strcmp(def->defname, "async_capable") == 0 ||
 			strcmp(def->defname, "parallel_commit") == 0 ||
-			strcmp(def->defname, "keep_connections") == 0)
+			strcmp(def->defname, "keep_connections") == 0 ||
+			strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
 		{
 			/* these accept only boolean values */
 			(void) defGetBoolean(def);
@@ -254,6 +255,10 @@ InitPgFdwOptions(void)
 		{"keep_connections", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
 		{"password_required", UserMappingRelationId, false},
 
+		/* sampling is available on both server and table */
+		{"sample", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
+		{"sample", ForeignTableRelationId, false},
+
 		/*
 		 * sslcert and sslkey are in fact libpq options, but we repeat them
 		 * here to allow them to appear in both foreign server context (when
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
index 955a428e3da..3adf518b676 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
@@ -4961,6 +4961,68 @@ postgresAnalyzeForeignTable(Relation relation,
 	return true;
 }
 
+/*
+ * postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable
+ *		Count tuples in foreign table (just get pg_class.reltuples).
+ *
+ * Note: It's unclear how accurate reltuples is, maybe size that using
+ * relpages and simple assumptions (1 tuples per page, ...)? Using
+ * tsm_system_rows wold make this somewhat unnecessary.
+ */
+static double
+postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(Relation relation)
+{
+	ForeignTable *table;
+	UserMapping *user;
+	PGconn	   *conn;
+	StringInfoData sql;
+	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	double		reltuples = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we have to get the number of pages.  It's annoying that the ANALYZE
+	 * API requires us to return that now, because it forces some duplication
+	 * of effort between this routine and postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc.  But
+	 * it's probably not worth redefining that API at this point.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the connection to use.  We do the remote access as the table's
+	 * owner, even if the ANALYZE was started by some other user.
+	 */
+	table = GetForeignTable(RelationGetRelid(relation));
+	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
+	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct command to get page count for relation.
+	 */
+	initStringInfo(&sql);
+	deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(&sql, relation);
+
+	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
+	PG_TRY();
+	{
+		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
+		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
+			pgfdw_report_error(ERROR, res, conn, false, sql.data);
+
+		if (PQntuples(res) != 1 || PQnfields(res) != 1)
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected result from deparseAnalyzeSizeSql query");
+		reltuples = strtod(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0), NULL);
+	}
+	PG_FINALLY();
+	{
+		if (res)
+			PQclear(res);
+	}
+	PG_END_TRY();
+
+	ReleaseConnection(conn);
+
+	return reltuples;
+}
+
 /*
  * Acquire a random sample of rows from foreign table managed by postgres_fdw.
  *
@@ -4991,6 +5053,14 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	unsigned int cursor_number;
 	StringInfoData sql;
 	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	int			server_version_num;
+
+	/* sampling enabled by default */
+	bool		do_sample = true;
+	bool		use_tablesample = true;
+	double		sample_frac = -1.0;
+	double		reltuples;
 
 	/* Initialize workspace state */
 	astate.rel = relation;
@@ -5018,20 +5088,83 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
 	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
 
+	/* We'll need server version, so fetch it now. */
+	server_version_num = PQserverVersion(conn);
+
+	/* disable tablesample on old remote servers */
+	if (server_version_num < 95000)
+		use_tablesample = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * Should we use TABLESAMPLE to collect the remote sample?
+	 */
+	foreach(lc, server->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
+		{
+			do_sample = defGetBoolean(def);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	foreach(lc, table->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
+		{
+			do_sample = defGetBoolean(def);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (do_sample)
+	{
+		reltuples = postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(relation);
+
+		if ((reltuples <= 0) || (targrows >= reltuples))
+			do_sample = false;
+
+		sample_frac = targrows / reltuples;
+
+		/* Let's sample a bit more, we'll reduce the sample locally. */
+		sample_frac *= 1.25;
+
+		/* Sanity checks. */
+		sample_frac = Min(1.0, Max(0.0, sample_frac));
+
+		/*
+		 * When sampling too large fraction, just read everything.
+		 *
+		 * XXX It's not clear where exactly the threshold is, with slow
+		 * network it may be cheaper to sample even 90%.
+		 */
+		if (sample_frac > 0.5)
+			do_sample = false;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Construct cursor that retrieves whole rows from remote.
 	 */
 	cursor_number = GetCursorNumber(conn);
 	initStringInfo(&sql);
 	appendStringInfo(&sql, "DECLARE c%u CURSOR FOR ", cursor_number);
-	deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
+
+	if (do_sample && use_tablesample)
+		deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs, sample_frac);
+	else if (do_sample)
+		deparseAnalyzeLegacySampleSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs, sample_frac);
+	else
+		deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
+
+	elog(WARNING, "SQL: %s", sql.data);
 
 	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
 	PG_TRY();
 	{
 		char		fetch_sql[64];
 		int			fetch_size;
-		ListCell   *lc;
 
 		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
 		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
@@ -5119,7 +5252,10 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	*totaldeadrows = 0.0;
 
 	/* We've retrieved all living tuples from foreign server. */
-	*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
+	if (do_sample)
+		*totalrows = reltuples;
+	else
+		*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
 
 	/*
 	 * Emit some interesting relation info
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
index 21f2b20ce8d..b0d9cf42982 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
@@ -211,8 +211,15 @@ extern void deparseDirectDeleteSql(StringInfo buf, PlannerInfo *root,
 								   List *returningList,
 								   List **retrieved_attrs);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
 							  List **retrieved_attrs);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+										 List **retrieved_attrs,
+										 double sample_frac);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeLegacySampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+										  List **retrieved_attrs,
+										  double sample_frac);
 extern void deparseTruncateSql(StringInfo buf,
 							   List *rels,
 							   DropBehavior behavior,
-- 
2.34.3



  [text/x-patch] 0002-rework-postgres_fdw-analyze-sampling-20220718.patch (25.2K, ../../[email protected]/3-0002-rework-postgres_fdw-analyze-sampling-20220718.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 8549f29f8a94674ee75fbeb6c699ef1750f51df2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
Date: Mon, 18 Jul 2022 09:23:23 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] rework postgres_fdw analyze sampling

---
 contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c                | 167 +++++-------------
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    |  44 ++++-
 contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c                 |  24 ++-
 contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c           | 131 ++++++++++----
 contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h           |  20 ++-
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  54 ++++++
 doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml                |  22 +++
 7 files changed, 289 insertions(+), 173 deletions(-)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
index 8454f489161..e9d7869397e 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
@@ -2298,7 +2298,7 @@ deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
 }
 
 /*
- * Construct SELECT statement to acquire numbe of rows of given relation.
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire a number of rows of a relation.
  *
  * Note: Maybe this should compare relpages and current relation size
  * and adjust reltuples accordingly?
@@ -2322,74 +2322,31 @@ deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
  *
  * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
  * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
- */
-void
-deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs)
-{
-	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
-	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
-	int			i;
-	char	   *colname;
-	List	   *options;
-	ListCell   *lc;
-	bool		first = true;
-
-	*retrieved_attrs = NIL;
-
-	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT ");
-	for (i = 0; i < tupdesc->natts; i++)
-	{
-		/* Ignore dropped columns. */
-		if (TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attisdropped)
-			continue;
-
-		if (!first)
-			appendStringInfoString(buf, ", ");
-		first = false;
-
-		/* Use attribute name or column_name option. */
-		colname = NameStr(TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attname);
-		options = GetForeignColumnOptions(relid, i + 1);
-
-		foreach(lc, options)
-		{
-			DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
-
-			if (strcmp(def->defname, "column_name") == 0)
-			{
-				colname = defGetString(def);
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-
-		appendStringInfoString(buf, quote_identifier(colname));
-
-		*retrieved_attrs = lappend_int(*retrieved_attrs, i + 1);
-	}
-
-	/* Don't generate bad syntax for zero-column relation. */
-	if (first)
-		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
-
-	/*
-	 * Construct FROM clause
-	 */
-	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
-	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
-}
-
-/*
- * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation,
- * by sampling a fraction of the table using TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM.
  *
- * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
- * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
+ * XXX We allow customizing the sampling method, but we only support methods
+ * we can decide based on server version. Allowing custom TSM modules (for
+ * example tsm_system_rows) might be useful, but it would require detecting
+ * which extensions are installed, to allow automatic fall-back. Moreover, the
+ * methods use different parameters (not sampling rate). So we don't do this
+ * for now, leaving it for future improvements.
+ *
+ * XXX Using remote random() to sample rows has advantages & disadvantages.
+ * The advantages are that this works on all PostgreSQL versions (unlike
+ * TABLESAMPLE), and that it does the sampling on the remote side (unlike
+ * the old approach, which transfers everything and then discards most data).
+ * We could also do "ORDER BY random() LIMIT x", which would always pick
+ * the expected number of rows, but it requires sorting so it's a bit more
+ * expensive.
+ *
+ * The disadvantage is that we still have to read all rows and evaluate the
+ * random(), while TABLESAMPLE skips most of the pages entirely.
  *
- * Note: We could allow selecting system/bernoulli, and maybe even the
- * optional TSM modules (especially tsm_system_rows would help).
+ * XXX What if we need only a subset of columns, e.g. ANALYZE t(a,b)?
  */
 void
-deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs, double sample_frac)
+deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+				  PgFdwSamplingMethod sample_method, double sample_frac,
+				  List **retrieved_attrs)
 {
 	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
 	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
@@ -2437,77 +2394,35 @@ deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attr
 		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
 
 	/*
-	 * Construct FROM clause
+	 * Construct FROM clause, and perhaps WHERE clause too, depending on the
+	 * selected sampling method.
 	 */
 	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
 	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
-	appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
-}
 
-/*
- * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation,
- * by sampling a fraction of the table using TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM.
- *
- * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
- * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
- *
- * Note: We could allow selecting system/bernoulli, and maybe even the
- * optional TSM modules (especially tsm_system_rows would help).
- */
-void
-deparseAnalyzeLegacySampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs, double sample_frac)
-{
-	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
-	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
-	int			i;
-	char	   *colname;
-	List	   *options;
-	ListCell   *lc;
-	bool		first = true;
-
-	*retrieved_attrs = NIL;
-
-	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT ");
-	for (i = 0; i < tupdesc->natts; i++)
+	switch (sample_method)
 	{
-		/* Ignore dropped columns. */
-		if (TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attisdropped)
-			continue;
-
-		if (!first)
-			appendStringInfoString(buf, ", ");
-		first = false;
-
-		/* Use attribute name or column_name option. */
-		colname = NameStr(TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, i)->attname);
-		options = GetForeignColumnOptions(relid, i + 1);
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF:
+			/* nothing to do here */
+			break;
 
-		foreach(lc, options)
-		{
-			DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM:
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " WHERE pg_catalog.random() < %f", sample_frac);
+			break;
 
-			if (strcmp(def->defname, "column_name") == 0)
-			{
-				colname = defGetString(def);
-				break;
-			}
-		}
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM:
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
+			break;
 
-		appendStringInfoString(buf, quote_identifier(colname));
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI:
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
+			break;
 
-		*retrieved_attrs = lappend_int(*retrieved_attrs, i + 1);
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO:
+			/* should have been resolved into actual method */
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected sampling method");
+			break;
 	}
-
-	/* Don't generate bad syntax for zero-column relation. */
-	if (first)
-		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
-
-	/*
-	 * Construct FROM clause
-	 */
-	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
-	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
-	appendStringInfo(buf, " WHERE random() < %f", sample_frac);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 5f2ef88cf38..e838d31815e 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -9532,7 +9532,7 @@ DO $d$
     END;
 $d$;
 ERROR:  invalid option "password"
-HINT:  Valid options in this context are: service, passfile, channel_binding, connect_timeout, dbname, host, hostaddr, port, options, application_name, keepalives, keepalives_idle, keepalives_interval, keepalives_count, tcp_user_timeout, sslmode, sslcompression, sslcert, sslkey, sslrootcert, sslcrl, sslcrldir, sslsni, requirepeer, ssl_min_protocol_version, ssl_max_protocol_version, gssencmode, krbsrvname, gsslib, target_session_attrs, use_remote_estimate, fdw_startup_cost, fdw_tuple_cost, extensions, updatable, truncatable, fetch_size, batch_size, async_capable, parallel_commit, keep_connections
+HINT:  Valid options in this context are: service, passfile, channel_binding, connect_timeout, dbname, host, hostaddr, port, options, application_name, keepalives, keepalives_idle, keepalives_interval, keepalives_count, tcp_user_timeout, sslmode, sslcompression, sslcert, sslkey, sslrootcert, sslcrl, sslcrldir, sslsni, requirepeer, ssl_min_protocol_version, ssl_max_protocol_version, gssencmode, krbsrvname, gsslib, target_session_attrs, use_remote_estimate, fdw_startup_cost, fdw_tuple_cost, extensions, updatable, truncatable, fetch_size, batch_size, async_capable, parallel_commit, keep_connections, analyze_sampling
 CONTEXT:  SQL statement "ALTER SERVER loopback_nopw OPTIONS (ADD password 'dummypw')"
 PL/pgSQL function inline_code_block line 3 at EXECUTE
 -- If we add a password for our user mapping instead, we should get a different
@@ -11296,3 +11296,45 @@ SELECT * FROM prem2;
 
 ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
 ALTER SERVER loopback2 OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test for ANALYZE
+-- ===================================================================
+CREATE TABLE analyze_rtable1 (id int primary key, a text, b bigint);
+CREATE TABLE analyze_rtable2 (id int primary key, a text, b bigint);
+CREATE TABLE analyze_ptable (id int, a text, b bigint) PARTITION BY HASH(id);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1 PARTITION OF analyze_ptable
+                                    FOR VALUES WITH (MODULUS 2, REMAINDER 0)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable1');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p2 PARTITION OF analyze_ptable
+                                    FOR VALUES WITH (MODULUS 2, REMAINDER 1)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable2');
+INSERT INTO analyze_ptable (SELECT x FROM generate_series(1,5000) x);
+-- analyze the 'local' tables to update relpages/reltuples
+ANALYZE analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
+-- now analyze the remote tables directly - this expects to scan everything,
+-- so should not do any sampling
+ANALYZE analyze_ftable__p1;
+ANALYZE analyze_ftable__p2;
+-- now analyze the parent - this should scan everything too, because 30k
+-- sample requires everything to be scanned
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- now lower the target to 10, which requires only 3k rows sample, so about
+-- 1500 rows from each partition, so sampling will kick in, by default with
+-- the 'bernoulli' tablesample method
+SET default_statistics_target = 10;
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- now alter the method for remote server to 'system'
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (analyze_sampling 'system');
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- now alter the method for remote table to 'random', to not use tablesample
+-- but the 'legacy' sampling, and disable sampling for the other partition
+ALTER FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1 OPTIONS (ADD analyze_sampling 'random');
+ALTER FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p2 OPTIONS (ADD analyze_sampling 'off');
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- now add more data, so that each partition exceeds the statistics target
+INSERT INTO analyze_ptable (SELECT x FROM generate_series(5001, 10000) x);
+ANALYZE analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1, analyze_ftable__p2;
+DROP TABLE analyze_ptable, analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
index 3749d4701a7..7c4a7d8d4b7 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
@@ -122,8 +122,7 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			strcmp(def->defname, "truncatable") == 0 ||
 			strcmp(def->defname, "async_capable") == 0 ||
 			strcmp(def->defname, "parallel_commit") == 0 ||
-			strcmp(def->defname, "keep_connections") == 0 ||
-			strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
+			strcmp(def->defname, "keep_connections") == 0)
 		{
 			/* these accept only boolean values */
 			(void) defGetBoolean(def);
@@ -208,6 +207,23 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 						 errmsg("sslcert and sslkey are superuser-only"),
 						 errhint("User mappings with the sslcert or sslkey options set may only be created or modified by the superuser")));
 		}
+		else if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
+		{
+			char	   *value;
+
+			value = defGetString(def);
+
+			/* we recognize off/auto/random/system/bernoulli */
+			if (strcmp(value, "off") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "auto") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "random") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "system") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "bernoulli") != 0)
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+						 errmsg("invalid value for string option \"%s\": %s",
+								def->defname, value)));
+		}
 	}
 
 	PG_RETURN_VOID();
@@ -256,8 +272,8 @@ InitPgFdwOptions(void)
 		{"password_required", UserMappingRelationId, false},
 
 		/* sampling is available on both server and table */
-		{"sample", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
-		{"sample", ForeignTableRelationId, false},
+		{"analyze_sampling", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
+		{"analyze_sampling", ForeignTableRelationId, false},
 
 		/*
 		 * sslcert and sslkey are in fact libpq options, but we repeat them
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
index 3adf518b676..ea21c5c5119 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
@@ -5056,9 +5056,8 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	ListCell   *lc;
 	int			server_version_num;
 
-	/* sampling enabled by default */
-	bool		do_sample = true;
-	bool		use_tablesample = true;
+	/* analyze sampling enabled by default, if available */
+	PgFdwSamplingMethod	method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;
 	double		sample_frac = -1.0;
 	double		reltuples;
 
@@ -5091,57 +5090,120 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	/* We'll need server version, so fetch it now. */
 	server_version_num = PQserverVersion(conn);
 
-	/* disable tablesample on old remote servers */
-	if (server_version_num < 95000)
-		use_tablesample = false;
-
 	/*
-	 * Should we use TABLESAMPLE to collect the remote sample?
+	 * Should we try do the sampling for analyze on the remote server?
 	 */
 	foreach(lc, server->options)
 	{
 		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
 
-		if (strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
 		{
-			do_sample = defGetBoolean(def);
+			char *value = defGetString(def);
+
+			if (strcmp(value, "off") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "auto") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "random") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "system") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "bernoulli") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI;
+
 			break;
 		}
 	}
+
 	foreach(lc, table->options)
 	{
 		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
 
-		if (strcmp(def->defname, "sample") == 0)
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
 		{
-			do_sample = defGetBoolean(def);
+			char *value = defGetString(def);
+
+			if (strcmp(value, "off") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "auto") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "random") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "system") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "bernoulli") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI;
+
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (do_sample)
+	/*
+	 * Error-out if explicitly required one of the TABLESAMPLE methods, but
+	 * the server does not support it.
+	 */
+	if ((server_version_num < 95000) &&
+		(method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM ||
+		 method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				 errmsg("remote server does not support TABLESAMPLE feature")));
+
+	/*
+	 * For "auto" method, pick the one we believe is best. For servers with
+	 * TABLESAMPLE support we pick BERNOULLI, for old servers we fall-back to
+	 * random() to at least reduce network transfer.
+	 */
+	if (method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO)
+	{
+		if (server_version_num < 95000)
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM;
+		else
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we've decided to do remote sampling, calculate the sampling rate. We
+	 * need to get the number of tuples from the remote server, so we skip the
+	 * network round-trip if not needed.
+	 */
+	if (method != ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF)
 	{
 		reltuples = postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(relation);
 
+		/*
+		 * No rows or we expect to sample everything - disable sampling after
+		 * all (and make sure we don't divide by 0 in sample_frac calculation.)
+		 */
 		if ((reltuples <= 0) || (targrows >= reltuples))
-			do_sample = false;
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
 
-		sample_frac = targrows / reltuples;
+		/* Make sure we don't divide by 0 when calculating the rate. */
+		sample_frac = targrows / Max(1.0, reltuples);
 
-		/* Let's sample a bit more, we'll reduce the sample locally. */
-		sample_frac *= 1.25;
+		/*
+		 * Let's sample a bit more (10%), we'll reduce the sample locally.
+		 *
+		 * XXX Not sure this is really necessary. If we don't trust the remote
+		 * sampling to sample the right number of rows, we should not use it.
+		 */
+		sample_frac *= 1.1;
 
-		/* Sanity checks. */
+		/*
+		 * Ensure the sampling rate is between 0.0 and 1.0, even after the
+		 * 10% adjustment above.
+		 */
 		sample_frac = Min(1.0, Max(0.0, sample_frac));
 
 		/*
-		 * When sampling too large fraction, just read everything.
-		 *
-		 * XXX It's not clear where exactly the threshold is, with slow
-		 * network it may be cheaper to sample even 90%.
+		 * If we expect the sampling to reduce very few rows, just disable it
+		 * and read the whole remote table. We decide based on the number of
+		 * rows we expect to "eliminate" by sampling. If saving than 100 rows,
+		 * we disable sampling.
 		 */
-		if (sample_frac > 0.5)
-			do_sample = false;
+		if (reltuples * (1 - sample_frac) < 100.0)
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -5151,14 +5213,7 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	initStringInfo(&sql);
 	appendStringInfo(&sql, "DECLARE c%u CURSOR FOR ", cursor_number);
 
-	if (do_sample && use_tablesample)
-		deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs, sample_frac);
-	else if (do_sample)
-		deparseAnalyzeLegacySampleSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs, sample_frac);
-	else
-		deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
-
-	elog(WARNING, "SQL: %s", sql.data);
+	deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, method, sample_frac, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
 
 	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
 	PG_TRY();
@@ -5251,11 +5306,15 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	/* We assume that we have no dead tuple. */
 	*totaldeadrows = 0.0;
 
-	/* We've retrieved all living tuples from foreign server. */
-	if (do_sample)
-		*totalrows = reltuples;
-	else
+	/*
+	 * Without ANALYZE sampling, we've retrieved all living tuples from foreign
+	 * server, so just use that. Otherwise we have the reltuples estimate we
+	 * got from the remote side.
+	 */
+	if (method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF)
 		*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
+	else
+		*totalrows = reltuples;
 
 	/*
 	 * Emit some interesting relation info
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
index b0d9cf42982..1c2a6045a94 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
@@ -134,6 +134,18 @@ typedef struct PgFdwConnState
 	AsyncRequest *pendingAreq;	/* pending async request */
 } PgFdwConnState;
 
+/*
+ * Method used by ANALYZE to sample remote rows.
+ */
+typedef enum PgFdwSamplingMethod
+{
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF,			/* no remote sampling */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO,		/* choose by server version */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM,		/* remote random() */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM,		/* TABLESAMPLE system */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI	/* TABLESAMPLE bernoulli */
+} PgFdwSamplingMethod;
+
 /* in postgres_fdw.c */
 extern int	set_transmission_modes(void);
 extern void reset_transmission_modes(int nestlevel);
@@ -213,13 +225,9 @@ extern void deparseDirectDeleteSql(StringInfo buf, PlannerInfo *root,
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+							  PgFdwSamplingMethod sample_method,
+							  double sample_frac,
 							  List **retrieved_attrs);
-extern void deparseAnalyzeTableSampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
-										 List **retrieved_attrs,
-										 double sample_frac);
-extern void deparseAnalyzeLegacySampleSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
-										  List **retrieved_attrs,
-										  double sample_frac);
 extern void deparseTruncateSql(StringInfo buf,
 							   List *rels,
 							   DropBehavior behavior,
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index ae1fc8f58be..9c1daecc1a2 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -3636,3 +3636,57 @@ SELECT * FROM prem2;
 
 ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
 ALTER SERVER loopback2 OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
+
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test for ANALYZE
+-- ===================================================================
+CREATE TABLE analyze_rtable1 (id int primary key, a text, b bigint);
+CREATE TABLE analyze_rtable2 (id int primary key, a text, b bigint);
+
+CREATE TABLE analyze_ptable (id int, a text, b bigint) PARTITION BY HASH(id);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1 PARTITION OF analyze_ptable
+                                    FOR VALUES WITH (MODULUS 2, REMAINDER 0)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable1');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p2 PARTITION OF analyze_ptable
+                                    FOR VALUES WITH (MODULUS 2, REMAINDER 1)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable2');
+INSERT INTO analyze_ptable (SELECT x FROM generate_series(1,5000) x);
+
+-- analyze the 'local' tables to update relpages/reltuples
+ANALYZE analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
+
+-- now analyze the remote tables directly - this expects to scan everything,
+-- so should not do any sampling
+ANALYZE analyze_ftable__p1;
+ANALYZE analyze_ftable__p2;
+
+-- now analyze the parent - this should scan everything too, because 30k
+-- sample requires everything to be scanned
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- now lower the target to 10, which requires only 3k rows sample, so about
+-- 1500 rows from each partition, so sampling will kick in, by default with
+-- the 'bernoulli' tablesample method
+SET default_statistics_target = 10;
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- now alter the method for remote server to 'system'
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (analyze_sampling 'system');
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- now alter the method for remote table to 'random', to not use tablesample
+-- but the 'legacy' sampling, and disable sampling for the other partition
+ALTER FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1 OPTIONS (ADD analyze_sampling 'random');
+ALTER FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p2 OPTIONS (ADD analyze_sampling 'off');
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- now add more data, so that each partition exceeds the statistics target
+INSERT INTO analyze_ptable (SELECT x FROM generate_series(5001, 10000) x);
+
+ANALYZE analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1, analyze_ftable__p2;
+DROP TABLE analyze_ptable, analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
index bfd344cdc0e..d44c8cdd71e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
@@ -305,6 +305,28 @@ OPTIONS (ADD password_required 'false');
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
 
+    <varlistentry>
+     <term><literal>analyze_sampling</literal> (<type>text</type>)</term>
+     <listitem>
+      <para>
+       This option determines if <command>ANALYZE</command> on a foreign
+       table samples the data on the remote node, or reads and transfers
+       all data and performs the sampling locally. The supported values
+       are <literal>off</literal>, <literal>random</literal>,
+       <literal>system</literal>, <literal>bernoulli</literal> and
+       <literal>auto</literal>. <literal>off</literal> disables remote
+       sampling, so all data are transferred and sampled locally.
+       <literal>random</literal> performs remote sampling using
+       <literal>random()</literal> function, while <literal>system</literal>
+       and <literal>bernoulli</literal> rely on built-in <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal>
+       methods. <literal>random</literal> works on all server versions,
+       while <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal> is supported only since 9.5.
+       <literal>auto</literal> checks the server version and picks the
+       best remote sampling method automatically.
+      </para>
+     </listitem>
+    </varlistentry>
+
    </variablelist>
 
    <para>
-- 
2.34.3



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
@ 2022-07-18 18:45     ` Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tom Lane @ 2022-07-18 18:45 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>; +Cc: Andres Freund <[email protected]>; Fujii Masao <[email protected]>; Robert Haas <[email protected]>; PostgreSQL Hackers <[email protected]>

Tomas Vondra <[email protected]> writes:
> Thanks. I'll switch this to "needs review" now.

OK, I looked through this, and attach some review suggestions in the
form of a delta patch.  (0001 below is your two patches merged, 0002
is my delta.)  A lot of the delta is comment-smithing, but not all.

After reflection I think that what you've got, ie use reltuples but
don't try to sample if reltuples <= 0, is just fine.  The remote
would only have reltuples <= 0 in a never-analyzed table, which
shouldn't be a situation that persists for long unless the table
is tiny.  Also, if reltuples is in error, the way to bet is that
it's too small thanks to the table having been enlarged.  But
an error in that direction doesn't hurt us: we'll overestimate
the required sample_frac and pull back more data than we need,
but we'll still end up with a valid sample of the right size.
So I doubt it's worth the complication to try to correct based
on relpages etc.  (Note that any such correction would almost
certainly end in increasing our estimate of reltuples.  But
it's safer to have an underestimate than an overestimate.)

I messed around with the sample_frac choosing logic slightly,
to make it skip pointless calculations if we decide right off
the bat to disable sampling.  That way we don't need to worry
about avoiding zero divide, nor do we have to wonder if any
of the later calculations could misbehave.

I left your logic about "disable if saving fewer than 100 rows"
alone, but I have to wonder if using an absolute threshold rather
than a relative one is well-conceived.  Sampling at a rate of
99.9 percent seems pretty pointless, but this code is perfectly
capable of accepting that if reltuples is big enough.  So
personally I'd do that more like

	if (sample_frac > 0.95)
	    method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;

which is simpler and would also eliminate the need for the previous
range-clamp step.  I'm not sure what the right cutoff is, but
your "100 tuples" constant is just as arbitrary.

I rearranged the docs patch too.  Where you had it, analyze_sampling
was between fdw_startup_cost/fdw_tuple_cost and the following para
discussing them, which didn't seem to me to flow well at all.  I ended
up putting analyze_sampling in its own separate list.  You could almost
make a case for giving it its own <sect3>, but I concluded that was
probably overkill.

One thing I'm not happy about, but did not touch here, is the expense
of the test cases you added.  On my machine, that adds a full 10% to
the already excessively long runtime of postgres_fdw.sql --- and I
do not think it's buying us anything.  It is not this module's job
to test whether bernoulli sampling works on partitioned tables.
I think you should just add enough to make sure we exercise the
relevant code paths in postgres_fdw itself.

With these issues addressed, I think this'd be committable.

			regards, tom lane



Attachments:

  [text/x-diff] 0001-postgres_fdw-sample-data-tomas.patch (22.1K, ../../[email protected]/2-0001-postgres_fdw-sample-data-tomas.patch)
  download | inline diff:
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
index a9766f9734..ea2139fbfa 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
@@ -2369,14 +2369,56 @@ deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
 	appendStringInfo(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass) / %d", BLCKSZ);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire a number of rows of a relation.
+ *
+ * Note: Maybe this should compare relpages and current relation size
+ * and adjust reltuples accordingly?
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
+{
+	StringInfoData relname;
+
+	/* We'll need the remote relation name as a literal. */
+	initStringInfo(&relname);
+	deparseRelation(&relname, rel);
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT reltuples FROM pg_catalog.pg_class WHERE oid = ");
+	deparseStringLiteral(buf, relname.data);
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass");
+}
+
 /*
  * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation.
  *
  * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
  * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
+ *
+ * XXX We allow customizing the sampling method, but we only support methods
+ * we can decide based on server version. Allowing custom TSM modules (for
+ * example tsm_system_rows) might be useful, but it would require detecting
+ * which extensions are installed, to allow automatic fall-back. Moreover, the
+ * methods use different parameters (not sampling rate). So we don't do this
+ * for now, leaving it for future improvements.
+ *
+ * XXX Using remote random() to sample rows has advantages & disadvantages.
+ * The advantages are that this works on all PostgreSQL versions (unlike
+ * TABLESAMPLE), and that it does the sampling on the remote side (unlike
+ * the old approach, which transfers everything and then discards most data).
+ * We could also do "ORDER BY random() LIMIT x", which would always pick
+ * the expected number of rows, but it requires sorting so it's a bit more
+ * expensive.
+ *
+ * The disadvantage is that we still have to read all rows and evaluate the
+ * random(), while TABLESAMPLE skips most of the pages entirely.
+ *
+ * XXX What if we need only a subset of columns, e.g. ANALYZE t(a,b)?
  */
 void
-deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs)
+deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+				  PgFdwSamplingMethod sample_method, double sample_frac,
+				  List **retrieved_attrs)
 {
 	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
 	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
@@ -2424,10 +2466,35 @@ deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs)
 		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
 
 	/*
-	 * Construct FROM clause
+	 * Construct FROM clause, and perhaps WHERE clause too, depending on the
+	 * selected sampling method.
 	 */
 	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
 	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
+
+	switch (sample_method)
+	{
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF:
+			/* nothing to do here */
+			break;
+
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM:
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " WHERE pg_catalog.random() < %f", sample_frac);
+			break;
+
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM:
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
+			break;
+
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI:
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
+			break;
+
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO:
+			/* should have been resolved into actual method */
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected sampling method");
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index ebf9ea3598..a37d824d44 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -9575,7 +9575,7 @@ DO $d$
     END;
 $d$;
 ERROR:  invalid option "password"
-HINT:  Valid options in this context are: service, passfile, channel_binding, connect_timeout, dbname, host, hostaddr, port, options, application_name, keepalives, keepalives_idle, keepalives_interval, keepalives_count, tcp_user_timeout, sslmode, sslcompression, sslcert, sslkey, sslrootcert, sslcrl, sslcrldir, sslsni, requirepeer, ssl_min_protocol_version, ssl_max_protocol_version, gssencmode, krbsrvname, gsslib, target_session_attrs, use_remote_estimate, fdw_startup_cost, fdw_tuple_cost, extensions, updatable, truncatable, fetch_size, batch_size, async_capable, parallel_commit, keep_connections
+HINT:  Valid options in this context are: service, passfile, channel_binding, connect_timeout, dbname, host, hostaddr, port, options, application_name, keepalives, keepalives_idle, keepalives_interval, keepalives_count, tcp_user_timeout, sslmode, sslcompression, sslcert, sslkey, sslrootcert, sslcrl, sslcrldir, sslsni, requirepeer, ssl_min_protocol_version, ssl_max_protocol_version, gssencmode, krbsrvname, gsslib, target_session_attrs, use_remote_estimate, fdw_startup_cost, fdw_tuple_cost, extensions, updatable, truncatable, fetch_size, batch_size, async_capable, parallel_commit, keep_connections, analyze_sampling
 CONTEXT:  SQL statement "ALTER SERVER loopback_nopw OPTIONS (ADD password 'dummypw')"
 PL/pgSQL function inline_code_block line 3 at EXECUTE
 -- If we add a password for our user mapping instead, we should get a different
@@ -11339,3 +11339,45 @@ SELECT * FROM prem2;
 
 ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
 ALTER SERVER loopback2 OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test for ANALYZE
+-- ===================================================================
+CREATE TABLE analyze_rtable1 (id int primary key, a text, b bigint);
+CREATE TABLE analyze_rtable2 (id int primary key, a text, b bigint);
+CREATE TABLE analyze_ptable (id int, a text, b bigint) PARTITION BY HASH(id);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1 PARTITION OF analyze_ptable
+                                    FOR VALUES WITH (MODULUS 2, REMAINDER 0)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable1');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p2 PARTITION OF analyze_ptable
+                                    FOR VALUES WITH (MODULUS 2, REMAINDER 1)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable2');
+INSERT INTO analyze_ptable (SELECT x FROM generate_series(1,5000) x);
+-- analyze the 'local' tables to update relpages/reltuples
+ANALYZE analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
+-- now analyze the remote tables directly - this expects to scan everything,
+-- so should not do any sampling
+ANALYZE analyze_ftable__p1;
+ANALYZE analyze_ftable__p2;
+-- now analyze the parent - this should scan everything too, because 30k
+-- sample requires everything to be scanned
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- now lower the target to 10, which requires only 3k rows sample, so about
+-- 1500 rows from each partition, so sampling will kick in, by default with
+-- the 'bernoulli' tablesample method
+SET default_statistics_target = 10;
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- now alter the method for remote server to 'system'
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (analyze_sampling 'system');
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- now alter the method for remote table to 'random', to not use tablesample
+-- but the 'legacy' sampling, and disable sampling for the other partition
+ALTER FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1 OPTIONS (ADD analyze_sampling 'random');
+ALTER FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p2 OPTIONS (ADD analyze_sampling 'off');
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- now add more data, so that each partition exceeds the statistics target
+INSERT INTO analyze_ptable (SELECT x FROM generate_series(5001, 10000) x);
+ANALYZE analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1, analyze_ftable__p2;
+DROP TABLE analyze_ptable, analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
index cd2ef234d6..99f5099929 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
@@ -205,6 +205,23 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 						 errmsg("sslcert and sslkey are superuser-only"),
 						 errhint("User mappings with the sslcert or sslkey options set may only be created or modified by the superuser")));
 		}
+		else if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
+		{
+			char	   *value;
+
+			value = defGetString(def);
+
+			/* we recognize off/auto/random/system/bernoulli */
+			if (strcmp(value, "off") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "auto") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "random") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "system") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "bernoulli") != 0)
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+						 errmsg("invalid value for string option \"%s\": %s",
+								def->defname, value)));
+		}
 	}
 
 	PG_RETURN_VOID();
@@ -252,6 +269,10 @@ InitPgFdwOptions(void)
 		{"keep_connections", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
 		{"password_required", UserMappingRelationId, false},
 
+		/* sampling is available on both server and table */
+		{"analyze_sampling", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
+		{"analyze_sampling", ForeignTableRelationId, false},
+
 		/*
 		 * sslcert and sslkey are in fact libpq options, but we repeat them
 		 * here to allow them to appear in both foreign server context (when
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
index f3b93954ee..e2df32830f 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
@@ -4969,6 +4969,68 @@ postgresAnalyzeForeignTable(Relation relation,
 	return true;
 }
 
+/*
+ * postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable
+ *		Count tuples in foreign table (just get pg_class.reltuples).
+ *
+ * Note: It's unclear how accurate reltuples is, maybe size that using
+ * relpages and simple assumptions (1 tuples per page, ...)? Using
+ * tsm_system_rows wold make this somewhat unnecessary.
+ */
+static double
+postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(Relation relation)
+{
+	ForeignTable *table;
+	UserMapping *user;
+	PGconn	   *conn;
+	StringInfoData sql;
+	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	double		reltuples = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we have to get the number of pages.  It's annoying that the ANALYZE
+	 * API requires us to return that now, because it forces some duplication
+	 * of effort between this routine and postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc.  But
+	 * it's probably not worth redefining that API at this point.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the connection to use.  We do the remote access as the table's
+	 * owner, even if the ANALYZE was started by some other user.
+	 */
+	table = GetForeignTable(RelationGetRelid(relation));
+	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
+	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct command to get page count for relation.
+	 */
+	initStringInfo(&sql);
+	deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(&sql, relation);
+
+	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
+	PG_TRY();
+	{
+		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
+		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
+			pgfdw_report_error(ERROR, res, conn, false, sql.data);
+
+		if (PQntuples(res) != 1 || PQnfields(res) != 1)
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected result from deparseAnalyzeSizeSql query");
+		reltuples = strtod(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0), NULL);
+	}
+	PG_FINALLY();
+	{
+		if (res)
+			PQclear(res);
+	}
+	PG_END_TRY();
+
+	ReleaseConnection(conn);
+
+	return reltuples;
+}
+
 /*
  * Acquire a random sample of rows from foreign table managed by postgres_fdw.
  *
@@ -4999,6 +5061,13 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	unsigned int cursor_number;
 	StringInfoData sql;
 	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	int			server_version_num;
+
+	/* analyze sampling enabled by default, if available */
+	PgFdwSamplingMethod	method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;
+	double		sample_frac = -1.0;
+	double		reltuples;
 
 	/* Initialize workspace state */
 	astate.rel = relation;
@@ -5026,20 +5095,139 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
 	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
 
+	/* We'll need server version, so fetch it now. */
+	server_version_num = PQserverVersion(conn);
+
+	/*
+	 * Should we try do the sampling for analyze on the remote server?
+	 */
+	foreach(lc, server->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
+		{
+			char *value = defGetString(def);
+
+			if (strcmp(value, "off") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "auto") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "random") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "system") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "bernoulli") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI;
+
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	foreach(lc, table->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
+		{
+			char *value = defGetString(def);
+
+			if (strcmp(value, "off") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "auto") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "random") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "system") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "bernoulli") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI;
+
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Error-out if explicitly required one of the TABLESAMPLE methods, but
+	 * the server does not support it.
+	 */
+	if ((server_version_num < 95000) &&
+		(method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM ||
+		 method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				 errmsg("remote server does not support TABLESAMPLE feature")));
+
+	/*
+	 * For "auto" method, pick the one we believe is best. For servers with
+	 * TABLESAMPLE support we pick BERNOULLI, for old servers we fall-back to
+	 * random() to at least reduce network transfer.
+	 */
+	if (method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO)
+	{
+		if (server_version_num < 95000)
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM;
+		else
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we've decided to do remote sampling, calculate the sampling rate. We
+	 * need to get the number of tuples from the remote server, so we skip the
+	 * network round-trip if not needed.
+	 */
+	if (method != ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF)
+	{
+		reltuples = postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(relation);
+
+		/*
+		 * No rows or we expect to sample everything - disable sampling after
+		 * all (and make sure we don't divide by 0 in sample_frac calculation.)
+		 */
+		if ((reltuples <= 0) || (targrows >= reltuples))
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+
+		/* Make sure we don't divide by 0 when calculating the rate. */
+		sample_frac = targrows / Max(1.0, reltuples);
+
+		/*
+		 * Let's sample a bit more (10%), we'll reduce the sample locally.
+		 *
+		 * XXX Not sure this is really necessary. If we don't trust the remote
+		 * sampling to sample the right number of rows, we should not use it.
+		 */
+		sample_frac *= 1.1;
+
+		/*
+		 * Ensure the sampling rate is between 0.0 and 1.0, even after the
+		 * 10% adjustment above.
+		 */
+		sample_frac = Min(1.0, Max(0.0, sample_frac));
+
+		/*
+		 * If we expect the sampling to reduce very few rows, just disable it
+		 * and read the whole remote table. We decide based on the number of
+		 * rows we expect to "eliminate" by sampling. If saving than 100 rows,
+		 * we disable sampling.
+		 */
+		if (reltuples * (1 - sample_frac) < 100.0)
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Construct cursor that retrieves whole rows from remote.
 	 */
 	cursor_number = GetCursorNumber(conn);
 	initStringInfo(&sql);
 	appendStringInfo(&sql, "DECLARE c%u CURSOR FOR ", cursor_number);
-	deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
+
+	deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, method, sample_frac, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
 
 	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
 	PG_TRY();
 	{
 		char		fetch_sql[64];
 		int			fetch_size;
-		ListCell   *lc;
 
 		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
 		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
@@ -5126,8 +5314,15 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	/* We assume that we have no dead tuple. */
 	*totaldeadrows = 0.0;
 
-	/* We've retrieved all living tuples from foreign server. */
-	*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
+	/*
+	 * Without ANALYZE sampling, we've retrieved all living tuples from foreign
+	 * server, so just use that. Otherwise we have the reltuples estimate we
+	 * got from the remote side.
+	 */
+	if (method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF)
+		*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
+	else
+		*totalrows = reltuples;
 
 	/*
 	 * Emit some interesting relation info
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
index 21f2b20ce8..1c2a6045a9 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
@@ -134,6 +134,18 @@ typedef struct PgFdwConnState
 	AsyncRequest *pendingAreq;	/* pending async request */
 } PgFdwConnState;
 
+/*
+ * Method used by ANALYZE to sample remote rows.
+ */
+typedef enum PgFdwSamplingMethod
+{
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF,			/* no remote sampling */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO,		/* choose by server version */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM,		/* remote random() */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM,		/* TABLESAMPLE system */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI	/* TABLESAMPLE bernoulli */
+} PgFdwSamplingMethod;
+
 /* in postgres_fdw.c */
 extern int	set_transmission_modes(void);
 extern void reset_transmission_modes(int nestlevel);
@@ -211,7 +223,10 @@ extern void deparseDirectDeleteSql(StringInfo buf, PlannerInfo *root,
 								   List *returningList,
 								   List **retrieved_attrs);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+							  PgFdwSamplingMethod sample_method,
+							  double sample_frac,
 							  List **retrieved_attrs);
 extern void deparseTruncateSql(StringInfo buf,
 							   List *rels,
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index b7817c5a41..d9bd800aa2 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -3655,3 +3655,57 @@ SELECT * FROM prem2;
 
 ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
 ALTER SERVER loopback2 OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
+
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test for ANALYZE
+-- ===================================================================
+CREATE TABLE analyze_rtable1 (id int primary key, a text, b bigint);
+CREATE TABLE analyze_rtable2 (id int primary key, a text, b bigint);
+
+CREATE TABLE analyze_ptable (id int, a text, b bigint) PARTITION BY HASH(id);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1 PARTITION OF analyze_ptable
+                                    FOR VALUES WITH (MODULUS 2, REMAINDER 0)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable1');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p2 PARTITION OF analyze_ptable
+                                    FOR VALUES WITH (MODULUS 2, REMAINDER 1)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable2');
+INSERT INTO analyze_ptable (SELECT x FROM generate_series(1,5000) x);
+
+-- analyze the 'local' tables to update relpages/reltuples
+ANALYZE analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
+
+-- now analyze the remote tables directly - this expects to scan everything,
+-- so should not do any sampling
+ANALYZE analyze_ftable__p1;
+ANALYZE analyze_ftable__p2;
+
+-- now analyze the parent - this should scan everything too, because 30k
+-- sample requires everything to be scanned
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- now lower the target to 10, which requires only 3k rows sample, so about
+-- 1500 rows from each partition, so sampling will kick in, by default with
+-- the 'bernoulli' tablesample method
+SET default_statistics_target = 10;
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- now alter the method for remote server to 'system'
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (analyze_sampling 'system');
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- now alter the method for remote table to 'random', to not use tablesample
+-- but the 'legacy' sampling, and disable sampling for the other partition
+ALTER FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1 OPTIONS (ADD analyze_sampling 'random');
+ALTER FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p2 OPTIONS (ADD analyze_sampling 'off');
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- now add more data, so that each partition exceeds the statistics target
+INSERT INTO analyze_ptable (SELECT x FROM generate_series(5001, 10000) x);
+
+ANALYZE analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
+ANALYZE analyze_ptable;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable__p1, analyze_ftable__p2;
+DROP TABLE analyze_ptable, analyze_rtable1, analyze_rtable2;
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
index bfd344cdc0..d44c8cdd71 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
@@ -305,6 +305,28 @@ OPTIONS (ADD password_required 'false');
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
 
+    <varlistentry>
+     <term><literal>analyze_sampling</literal> (<type>text</type>)</term>
+     <listitem>
+      <para>
+       This option determines if <command>ANALYZE</command> on a foreign
+       table samples the data on the remote node, or reads and transfers
+       all data and performs the sampling locally. The supported values
+       are <literal>off</literal>, <literal>random</literal>,
+       <literal>system</literal>, <literal>bernoulli</literal> and
+       <literal>auto</literal>. <literal>off</literal> disables remote
+       sampling, so all data are transferred and sampled locally.
+       <literal>random</literal> performs remote sampling using
+       <literal>random()</literal> function, while <literal>system</literal>
+       and <literal>bernoulli</literal> rely on built-in <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal>
+       methods. <literal>random</literal> works on all server versions,
+       while <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal> is supported only since 9.5.
+       <literal>auto</literal> checks the server version and picks the
+       best remote sampling method automatically.
+      </para>
+     </listitem>
+    </varlistentry>
+
    </variablelist>
 
    <para>


  [text/x-diff] 0002-toms-review-delta.patch (11.3K, ../../[email protected]/3-0002-toms-review-delta.patch)
  download | inline diff:
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
index ea2139fbfa..48bce9744d 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
@@ -2370,10 +2370,11 @@ deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
 }
 
 /*
- * Construct SELECT statement to acquire a number of rows of a relation.
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire the number of rows of a relation.
  *
- * Note: Maybe this should compare relpages and current relation size
- * and adjust reltuples accordingly?
+ * Note: we just return the remote server's reltuples value, which might
+ * be off a good deal, but it doesn't seem worth working harder.  See
+ * comments in postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc.
  */
 void
 deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
index e2df32830f..8c2a0c6ca1 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
@@ -4972,10 +4972,6 @@ postgresAnalyzeForeignTable(Relation relation,
 /*
  * postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable
  *		Count tuples in foreign table (just get pg_class.reltuples).
- *
- * Note: It's unclear how accurate reltuples is, maybe size that using
- * relpages and simple assumptions (1 tuples per page, ...)? Using
- * tsm_system_rows wold make this somewhat unnecessary.
  */
 static double
 postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(Relation relation)
@@ -4985,14 +4981,7 @@ postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(Relation relation)
 	PGconn	   *conn;
 	StringInfoData sql;
 	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
-	double		reltuples = -1;
-
-	/*
-	 * Now we have to get the number of pages.  It's annoying that the ANALYZE
-	 * API requires us to return that now, because it forces some duplication
-	 * of effort between this routine and postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc.  But
-	 * it's probably not worth redefining that API at this point.
-	 */
+	volatile double reltuples = -1;
 
 	/*
 	 * Get the connection to use.  We do the remote access as the table's
@@ -5016,7 +5005,7 @@ postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(Relation relation)
 			pgfdw_report_error(ERROR, res, conn, false, sql.data);
 
 		if (PQntuples(res) != 1 || PQnfields(res) != 1)
-			elog(ERROR, "unexpected result from deparseAnalyzeSizeSql query");
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected result from deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql query");
 		reltuples = strtod(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0), NULL);
 	}
 	PG_FINALLY();
@@ -5034,8 +5023,6 @@ postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(Relation relation)
 /*
  * Acquire a random sample of rows from foreign table managed by postgres_fdw.
  *
- * We fetch the whole table from the remote side and pick out some sample rows.
- *
  * Selected rows are returned in the caller-allocated array rows[],
  * which must have at least targrows entries.
  * The actual number of rows selected is returned as the function result.
@@ -5058,16 +5045,14 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	ForeignServer *server;
 	UserMapping *user;
 	PGconn	   *conn;
+	int			server_version_num;
+	PgFdwSamplingMethod method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;	/* auto is default */
+	double		sample_frac = -1.0;
+	double		reltuples;
 	unsigned int cursor_number;
 	StringInfoData sql;
 	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
 	ListCell   *lc;
-	int			server_version_num;
-
-	/* analyze sampling enabled by default, if available */
-	PgFdwSamplingMethod	method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;
-	double		sample_frac = -1.0;
-	double		reltuples;
 
 	/* Initialize workspace state */
 	astate.rel = relation;
@@ -5099,7 +5084,7 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	server_version_num = PQserverVersion(conn);
 
 	/*
-	 * Should we try do the sampling for analyze on the remote server?
+	 * What sampling method should we use?
 	 */
 	foreach(lc, server->options)
 	{
@@ -5107,7 +5092,7 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 
 		if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
 		{
-			char *value = defGetString(def);
+			char	   *value = defGetString(def);
 
 			if (strcmp(value, "off") == 0)
 				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
@@ -5130,7 +5115,7 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 
 		if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
 		{
-			char *value = defGetString(def);
+			char	   *value = defGetString(def);
 
 			if (strcmp(value, "off") == 0)
 				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
@@ -5173,7 +5158,7 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 
 	/*
 	 * If we've decided to do remote sampling, calculate the sampling rate. We
-	 * need to get the number of tuples from the remote server, so we skip the
+	 * need to get the number of tuples from the remote server, but skip that
 	 * network round-trip if not needed.
 	 */
 	if (method != ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF)
@@ -5181,37 +5166,42 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 		reltuples = postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(relation);
 
 		/*
-		 * No rows or we expect to sample everything - disable sampling after
-		 * all (and make sure we don't divide by 0 in sample_frac calculation.)
+		 * Remote's reltuples could be 0 or -1 if the table has never been
+		 * vacuumed/analyzed.  In that case, or if we expect to need all the
+		 * rows, disable sampling after all.
 		 */
 		if ((reltuples <= 0) || (targrows >= reltuples))
 			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+		else
+		{
+			sample_frac = targrows / reltuples;
 
-		/* Make sure we don't divide by 0 when calculating the rate. */
-		sample_frac = targrows / Max(1.0, reltuples);
-
-		/*
-		 * Let's sample a bit more (10%), we'll reduce the sample locally.
-		 *
-		 * XXX Not sure this is really necessary. If we don't trust the remote
-		 * sampling to sample the right number of rows, we should not use it.
-		 */
-		sample_frac *= 1.1;
+			/*
+			 * Let's sample a bit more (10%) to compensate for any small
+			 * inaccuracy in the reltuples value.  We'll reduce the sample
+			 * locally if it's too large.  Of course, this won't fix a big
+			 * error in reltuples --- but big errors in it are most commonly
+			 * underestimates due to the table having grown since the last
+			 * ANALYZE.  That will lead to overestimating the required
+			 * sample_frac, which is fine.
+			 */
+			sample_frac *= 1.1;
 
-		/*
-		 * Ensure the sampling rate is between 0.0 and 1.0, even after the
-		 * 10% adjustment above.
-		 */
-		sample_frac = Min(1.0, Max(0.0, sample_frac));
+			/*
+			 * Ensure the sampling rate is between 0.0 and 1.0, even after the
+			 * 10% adjustment above.  (Clamping to 0.0 is just paranoia.)
+			 */
+			sample_frac = Min(1.0, Max(0.0, sample_frac));
 
-		/*
-		 * If we expect the sampling to reduce very few rows, just disable it
-		 * and read the whole remote table. We decide based on the number of
-		 * rows we expect to "eliminate" by sampling. If saving than 100 rows,
-		 * we disable sampling.
-		 */
-		if (reltuples * (1 - sample_frac) < 100.0)
-			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+			/*
+			 * If we expect sampling to remove very few rows, just disable it
+			 * and read the whole remote table; the overhead won't be worth
+			 * it.  We decide based on the number of rows we expect sampling
+			 * to eliminate.  If saving fewer than 100 rows, disable sampling.
+			 */
+			if (reltuples * (1 - sample_frac) < 100.0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -5315,9 +5305,9 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	*totaldeadrows = 0.0;
 
 	/*
-	 * Without ANALYZE sampling, we've retrieved all living tuples from foreign
-	 * server, so just use that. Otherwise we have the reltuples estimate we
-	 * got from the remote side.
+	 * Without sampling, we've retrieved all living tuples from foreign
+	 * server, so report that as totalrows.  Otherwise use the reltuples
+	 * estimate we got from the remote side.
 	 */
 	if (method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF)
 		*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
@@ -5330,7 +5320,7 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	ereport(elevel,
 			(errmsg("\"%s\": table contains %.0f rows, %d rows in sample",
 					RelationGetRelationName(relation),
-					astate.samplerows, astate.numrows)));
+					*totalrows, astate.numrows)));
 
 	return astate.numrows;
 }
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
index d44c8cdd71..d681d1675e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
@@ -305,28 +305,6 @@ OPTIONS (ADD password_required 'false');
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
 
-    <varlistentry>
-     <term><literal>analyze_sampling</literal> (<type>text</type>)</term>
-     <listitem>
-      <para>
-       This option determines if <command>ANALYZE</command> on a foreign
-       table samples the data on the remote node, or reads and transfers
-       all data and performs the sampling locally. The supported values
-       are <literal>off</literal>, <literal>random</literal>,
-       <literal>system</literal>, <literal>bernoulli</literal> and
-       <literal>auto</literal>. <literal>off</literal> disables remote
-       sampling, so all data are transferred and sampled locally.
-       <literal>random</literal> performs remote sampling using
-       <literal>random()</literal> function, while <literal>system</literal>
-       and <literal>bernoulli</literal> rely on built-in <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal>
-       methods. <literal>random</literal> works on all server versions,
-       while <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal> is supported only since 9.5.
-       <literal>auto</literal> checks the server version and picks the
-       best remote sampling method automatically.
-      </para>
-     </listitem>
-    </varlistentry>
-
    </variablelist>
 
    <para>
@@ -348,6 +326,41 @@ OPTIONS (ADD password_required 'false');
     frequently updated, the local statistics will soon be obsolete.
    </para>
 
+   <para>
+    The following option controls how such an <command>ANALYZE</command>
+    operation behaves:
+   </para>
+
+   <variablelist>
+
+    <varlistentry>
+     <term><literal>analyze_sampling</literal> (<type>text</type>)</term>
+     <listitem>
+      <para>
+       This option, which can be specified for a foreign table or a foreign
+       server, determines if <command>ANALYZE</command> on a foreign table
+       samples the data on the remote side, or reads and transfers all data
+       and performs the sampling locally. The supported values
+       are <literal>off</literal>, <literal>random</literal>,
+       <literal>system</literal>, <literal>bernoulli</literal>
+       and <literal>auto</literal>. <literal>off</literal> disables remote
+       sampling, so all data are transferred and sampled locally.
+       <literal>random</literal> performs remote sampling using the
+       <literal>random()</literal> function to choose returned rows,
+       while <literal>system</literal> and <literal>bernoulli</literal> rely
+       on the built-in <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal> methods of those
+       names. <literal>random</literal> works on all remote server versions,
+       while <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal> is supported only since 9.5.
+       <literal>auto</literal> (the default) picks the recommended sampling
+       method automatically; currently it means
+       either <literal>bernoulli</literal> or <literal>random</literal>
+       depending on the remote server version.
+      </para>
+     </listitem>
+    </varlistentry>
+
+   </variablelist>
+
   </sect3>
 
   <sect3>


^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
@ 2022-07-19 19:07       ` Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:27         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-10-07 23:43         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 2 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2022-07-19 19:07 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tom Lane <[email protected]>; +Cc: Andres Freund <[email protected]>; Fujii Masao <[email protected]>; Robert Haas <[email protected]>; PostgreSQL Hackers <[email protected]>



On 7/18/22 20:45, Tom Lane wrote:
> Tomas Vondra <[email protected]> writes:
>> Thanks. I'll switch this to "needs review" now.
> 
> OK, I looked through this, and attach some review suggestions in the
> form of a delta patch.  (0001 below is your two patches merged, 0002
> is my delta.)  A lot of the delta is comment-smithing, but not all.
> 

Thanks!

> After reflection I think that what you've got, ie use reltuples but
> don't try to sample if reltuples <= 0, is just fine.  The remote
> would only have reltuples <= 0 in a never-analyzed table, which
> shouldn't be a situation that persists for long unless the table
> is tiny.  Also, if reltuples is in error, the way to bet is that
> it's too small thanks to the table having been enlarged.  But
> an error in that direction doesn't hurt us: we'll overestimate
> the required sample_frac and pull back more data than we need,
> but we'll still end up with a valid sample of the right size.
> So I doubt it's worth the complication to try to correct based
> on relpages etc.  (Note that any such correction would almost
> certainly end in increasing our estimate of reltuples.  But
> it's safer to have an underestimate than an overestimate.)
> 

I mostly agree, particularly for the non-partitioned case.

I we want to improve sampling for partitioned cases (where the foreign
table is just one of many partitions), I think we'd have to rework how
we determine sample size for each partition. Now we simply calculate
that from relpages, which seems quite fragile (different amounts of
bloat, different tuple densities) and somewhat strange for FDW serves
that don't use the same "page" concept.

So it may easily happen we determine bogus sample sizes for each
partition. The difficulties when calculating the sample_frac is just a
secondary issue.

OTOH the concept of a "row" seems way more general, so perhaps
acquire_inherited_sample_rows should use reltuples, and if we want to do
correction it should happen at this stage already.


> I messed around with the sample_frac choosing logic slightly,
> to make it skip pointless calculations if we decide right off
> the bat to disable sampling.  That way we don't need to worry
> about avoiding zero divide, nor do we have to wonder if any
> of the later calculations could misbehave.
> 

Thanks.

> I left your logic about "disable if saving fewer than 100 rows"
> alone, but I have to wonder if using an absolute threshold rather
> than a relative one is well-conceived.  Sampling at a rate of
> 99.9 percent seems pretty pointless, but this code is perfectly
> capable of accepting that if reltuples is big enough.  So
> personally I'd do that more like
> 
> 	if (sample_frac > 0.95)
> 	    method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
> 
> which is simpler and would also eliminate the need for the previous
> range-clamp step.  I'm not sure what the right cutoff is, but
> your "100 tuples" constant is just as arbitrary.
> 

I agree there probably is not much difference between a threshold on
sample_frac directly and number of rows, at least in general. My
reasoning for switching to "100 rows" is that in most cases the network
transfer is probably more costly than "local costs", and 5% may be quite
a few rows (particularly with higher statistics target). I guess the
proper approach would be to make some simple costing, but that seems
like an overkill.

> I rearranged the docs patch too.  Where you had it, analyze_sampling
> was between fdw_startup_cost/fdw_tuple_cost and the following para
> discussing them, which didn't seem to me to flow well at all.  I ended
> up putting analyze_sampling in its own separate list.  You could almost
> make a case for giving it its own <sect3>, but I concluded that was
> probably overkill.
> 

Thanks.

> One thing I'm not happy about, but did not touch here, is the expense
> of the test cases you added.  On my machine, that adds a full 10% to
> the already excessively long runtime of postgres_fdw.sql --- and I
> do not think it's buying us anything.  It is not this module's job
> to test whether bernoulli sampling works on partitioned tables.
> I think you should just add enough to make sure we exercise the
> relevant code paths in postgres_fdw itself.
> 

Right, I should have commented on that. The purpose of those tests was
verifying that if we change the sampling method on server/table, the
generated query changes accordingly, etc. But that's a bit futile
because we don't have a good way of verifying what query was used - it
worked during development, as I added elog(WARNING).


regards

-- 
Tomas Vondra
EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com
The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
@ 2022-07-19 19:27         ` Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  1 sibling, 0 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tom Lane @ 2022-07-19 19:27 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>; +Cc: Andres Freund <[email protected]>; Fujii Masao <[email protected]>; Robert Haas <[email protected]>; PostgreSQL Hackers <[email protected]>

Tomas Vondra <[email protected]> writes:
> I we want to improve sampling for partitioned cases (where the foreign
> table is just one of many partitions), I think we'd have to rework how
> we determine sample size for each partition. Now we simply calculate
> that from relpages, which seems quite fragile (different amounts of
> bloat, different tuple densities) and somewhat strange for FDW serves
> that don't use the same "page" concept.

> So it may easily happen we determine bogus sample sizes for each
> partition. The difficulties when calculating the sample_frac is just a
> secondary issue.

> OTOH the concept of a "row" seems way more general, so perhaps
> acquire_inherited_sample_rows should use reltuples, and if we want to do
> correction it should happen at this stage already.

Yeah, there's definitely something to be said for changing that to be
based on rowcount estimates instead of physical size.  I think it's
a matter for a different patch though, and not a reason to hold up
this one.

			regards, tom lane





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
@ 2022-10-07 23:43         ` Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:34           ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample James Finnerty <[email protected]>
  1 sibling, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2022-10-07 23:43 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tom Lane <[email protected]>; +Cc: Andres Freund <[email protected]>; Fujii Masao <[email protected]>; Robert Haas <[email protected]>; PostgreSQL Hackers <[email protected]>

Hi!

Here's an updated patch, including all the changes proposed by Tom in
his review. There were two more points left [1], namely:

1) The useless test added to postgres_fdw.sql consuming a lot of time.

I decided to just rip this out and replace it with a much simpler test,
that simply changes the sampling method and does ANALYZE. Ideally we'd
also verify we actually generated the right SQL query to be executed on
the remote server, but there doesn't seem to be a good way to do that
(e.g. we can't do EXPLAIN to show the "Remote SQL" on the "ANALYZE").

So I guess just changing the method and running ANALYZE will have to be
enough for now (coverage report should at least tell us we got to all
the SQL variants).


2) the logic disabling sampling when the fraction gets too high

I based the condition on the absolute number of "unsampled" rows, Tom
suggested maybe it should be just a simple condition on sample_frac
(e.g. 95%). But neither of us was sure what would be a good value.

So I did a couple tests to get at least some idea what would be a good
threshold, and it turns out the threshold is mostly useless. I'll
discuss the measurements I did in a bit (some of the findings are a bit
amusing or even hilarious, actually), but the main reasons are:

- The sampling overhead is negligible (compared to transferring the
data, even on localhost), and the behavior is very smooth. So almost
never exceed reading everything, unless sample_frac >= 0.99 and even
there it's a tiny difference. So there's almost no risk, I think.

- For small tables it doesn't really matter. It's going to be fast
anyway, and the difference between reading 10000 or 11000 rows is going
to be just noise. Who cares if this takes 10 or 11 ms ...

- For large tables, we'll never even get to these high sample_frac
values. Imagine a table with 10M rows - the highers stats target we
allow is 10k, and the sample size is 300 * target, so 3M rows. It
doesn't matter if the condition is 0.95 or 0.99, because for this table
we'll never ask for a sample above 30%.

- For the tables in between it might be more relevant, but the simple
truth is that reading the row and sampling it remotely is way cheaper
than the network transfer, even if on localhost. The data suggest that
reading+sampling a row costs ~0.2us at most, but sending it is ~1.5us
(localhost) or ~5.5us (local network).

So I just removed the threshold from the patch, and we'll request
sampling even with sample_frac=100% (if that happens).


sampling test
-------------

I did a simple test to collect some data - create a table, and sample
various fractions in the ways discussed in this patch - either locally
or through a FDW.

This required a bit of care to ensure the sampling happens in the right
place (and e.g. we don't push the random() or tablesample down), which I
did by pointing the FDW table not to a remote table, but to a view with
an optimization fence (OFFSET 0). See the run-local.sh script.

The script populates the table with different numbers of rows, samples
different fractions of it, etc. I also did this from a different
machine, to see what a bit more network latency would do (that's what
run-remote.sh is for).


results (fdw-sampling-test.pdf)
-------------------------------

The attached PDF shows the results - first page is for the foreign table
in the same instance (i.e. localhost, latency ~0.01ms), second page is
for FDW pointing to a machine in the same network (latency ~0.1ms).

Left column is always the table "directly", right column is through the
FDW. On the x-axis is the fraction of the table we sample, y-axis is
duration in milliseconds. "full" means "reading everything" (i.e. what
the FDW does now), the other options should be clear I think.

The first two dataset sizes (10k and 10M rows) are tiny (10M is ~2GB),
and fit into RAM, which is 8GB. The 100M is ~21GB, so much larger.

In the "direct" (non-FDW) sampling, the various sampling methods start
losing to seqscan fairly soon - "random" is consistently slower,
"bernoulli" starts losing at ~30%, "system" as ~80%. This is not very
surprising, particularly for bernoulli/random which actually read all
the rows anyway. But the overhead is pretty limited to ~30% on top of
the seqscan.

But in the "FDW" sampling (right column), it's entirely different story,
and all the methods clearly win over just transferring everything and
only then doing the sampling.

Who cares if the remote sampling means means we have to pay 0.2us
instead of 0.15us (per row), when the transfer costs 1.5us per row?

The 100M case shows an interesting behavior for the "system" method,
which quickly spikes to ~2x of the "full" method when sampling ~20% of
the table, and then gradually improves again.

My explanation is that this is due to "system" making the I/O patter
increasingly more random, because it jumps blocks in a way that makes
readahead impossible. And then as the fraction increases, it becomes
more sequential again.

All the other methods are pretty much equal to just scanning everything
sequentially, and sampling rows one by one.

The "system" method in TABLESAMPLE would probably benefit from explicit
prefetching, I guess. For ANALYZE this probably is not a huge, as we'll
never sample this large fraction for large tables (for 100M rows we peak
at ~3% with target 10000, which is way before the peak). And for smaller
tables we're more likely to hit cache (which is why the smaller data
sets don't have this issue). But for explicit TABLESAMPLE queries that
may not be the case.

Although, ANALYZE uses something like "system" to sample rows too, no?

However, even this is not an issue for the FDW case - in that case it
still clearly wins over the current "local sample" approach, because
transferring the data is so expensive which makes the "peak" into a tiny
hump.

The second page (different machine, local network) tells the same story,
except that the differences are even clearer.


ANALYZE test
------------

So I changed the patch, and did a similar test by running ANALYZE either
on the local or foreign table, using the different sampling methods.
This does not require the hacks to prevent pushdown etc. but it also
means we can't determine sample_frac directly, only through statistics
target (which is capped to 10k).

In this case, "local" means ANALYZE on the local table (which you might
think of as the "baseline"), and "off" means reading all data without
remote sampling.

For the two smaller data sets (10k and 10M rows), the benefits are
pretty obvious. We're very close to the "local" results, because we save
a lot on copying only some of the rows. For 10M we only get to ~30%
before we hit target=10k, which is we don't see it get closer to "off".

But now we get to the *hilarious* thing - if you look at the 10M result,
you may notice that *all* the sampling methods beat ANALYZE on the local
table.

For "system" (which wins from the very beginning) we might make some
argument that the algorithm is simpler than what ANALYZE does, skips
blocks differently, etc. - perhaps ...

But bernoulli/random are pretty much ideal sampling, reading/sampling
all rows. And yet both methods start winning after crossing ~1% on this
tables. In other words, it's about 3x faster to ANALYZE a table through
FDW than directly ;-)

Anyway, those issues have impact on this patch, I think. I believe the
results show what the patch does is reasonable.


regards

-- 
Tomas Vondra
EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com
The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company

Attachments:

  [application/x-shellscript] run-remote.sh (3.0K, ../../[email protected]/2-run-remote.sh)
  download

  [application/x-shellscript] run-local.sh (2.4K, ../../[email protected]/3-run-local.sh)
  download

  [application/x-shellscript] run-patches.sh (2.7K, ../../[email protected]/4-run-patches.sh)
  download

  [application/pdf] fdw-sampling-test.pdf (856.8K, ../../[email protected]/5-fdw-sampling-test.pdf)
  download

  [text/x-patch] 0001-Sample-postgres_fdw-tables-remotely-during--20221008.patch (20.1K, ../../[email protected]/6-0001-Sample-postgres_fdw-tables-remotely-during--20221008.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 11f1329cb8840ca664183ed170c446c600e8f38a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2022 22:14:32 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Sample postgres_fdw tables remotely during ANALYZE

When collecting ANALYZE sample on foreign tables, postgres_fdw fetched
all rows and performed the sampling locally. For large tables this means
transferring and immediately discarding large amounts of data.

This commit allows the sampling to be performed on the remote server,
transferring only the much smaller sample. The sampling is performed
using the built-in TABLESAMPLE methods (system, bernoulli) or random()
function, depending on the remote server version.

Remote sampling can be enabled by analyze_sampling on the foreign server
and/or foreign table, with supported values 'off', 'auto', 'system',
'bernoulli' and 'random'. The default value is 'auto' which uses either
'bernoulli' (TABLESAMPLE method) or 'random' (for remote servers without
TABLESAMPLE support).
---
 contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c                |  72 ++++++-
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    |  25 +++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c                 |  21 ++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c           | 189 +++++++++++++++++-
 contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h           |  15 ++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  36 ++++
 doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml                |  35 ++++
 7 files changed, 384 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
index 9524765650..dfdf78d11e 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c
@@ -2367,14 +2367,57 @@ deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
 	appendStringInfo(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass) / %d", BLCKSZ);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Construct SELECT statement to acquire the number of rows of a relation.
+ *
+ * Note: we just return the remote server's reltuples value, which might
+ * be off a good deal, but it doesn't seem worth working harder.  See
+ * comments in postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc.
+ */
+void
+deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel)
+{
+	StringInfoData relname;
+
+	/* We'll need the remote relation name as a literal. */
+	initStringInfo(&relname);
+	deparseRelation(&relname, rel);
+
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "SELECT reltuples FROM pg_catalog.pg_class WHERE oid = ");
+	deparseStringLiteral(buf, relname.data);
+	appendStringInfoString(buf, "::pg_catalog.regclass");
+}
+
 /*
  * Construct SELECT statement to acquire sample rows of given relation.
  *
  * SELECT command is appended to buf, and list of columns retrieved
  * is returned to *retrieved_attrs.
+ *
+ * We only support sampling methods we can decide based on server version.
+ * Allowing custom TSM modules (like tsm_system_rows) might be useful, but it
+ * would require detecting which extensions are installed, to allow automatic
+ * fall-back. Moreover, the methods may use different parameters like number
+ * of rows (and not sampling rate). So we leave this for future improvements.
+ *
+ * Using random() to sample rows on the remote server has the advantage that
+ * this works on all PostgreSQL versions (unlike TABLESAMPLE), and that it
+ * does the sampling on the remote side (without transferring everything and
+ * then discarding most rows).
+ *
+ * The disadvantage is that we still have to read all rows and evaluate the
+ * random(), while TABLESAMPLE (at least with the "system" method) may skip.
+ * It's not that different from the "bernoulli" method, though.
+ *
+ * We could also do "ORDER BY random() LIMIT x", which would always pick
+ * the expected number of rows, but it requires sorting so it may be much
+ * more expensive (particularly on large tables, which is what what the
+ * remote sampling is meant to improve).
  */
 void
-deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs)
+deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+				  PgFdwSamplingMethod sample_method, double sample_frac,
+				  List **retrieved_attrs)
 {
 	Oid			relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
 	TupleDesc	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);
@@ -2422,10 +2465,35 @@ deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel, List **retrieved_attrs)
 		appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
 
 	/*
-	 * Construct FROM clause
+	 * Construct FROM clause, and perhaps WHERE clause too, depending on the
+	 * selected sampling method.
 	 */
 	appendStringInfoString(buf, " FROM ");
 	deparseRelation(buf, rel);
+
+	switch (sample_method)
+	{
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF:
+			/* nothing to do here */
+			break;
+
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM:
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " WHERE pg_catalog.random() < %f", sample_frac);
+			break;
+
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM:
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
+			break;
+
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI:
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI(%f)", (100.0 * sample_frac));
+			break;
+
+		case ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO:
+			/* should have been resolved into actual method */
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected sampling method");
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index cc9e39c4a5..360b176cdc 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -11466,3 +11466,28 @@ SELECT * FROM prem2;
 
 ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
 ALTER SERVER loopback2 OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test for ANALYZE sampling
+-- ===================================================================
+CREATE TABLE analyze_table (id int, a text, b bigint);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable (id int, a text, b bigint)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable1');
+INSERT INTO analyze_table (SELECT x FROM generate_series(1,1000) x);
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+SET default_statistics_target = 10;
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (analyze_sampling 'invalid');
+ERROR:  invalid value for string option "analyze_sampling": invalid
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (analyze_sampling 'auto');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET analyze_sampling 'system');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET analyze_sampling 'bernoulli');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET analyze_sampling 'random');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET analyze_sampling 'off');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable;
+DROP TABLE analyze_table;
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
index fa80ee2a55..b5890c92a1 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c
@@ -210,6 +210,23 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 						 errmsg("sslcert and sslkey are superuser-only"),
 						 errhint("User mappings with the sslcert or sslkey options set may only be created or modified by the superuser.")));
 		}
+		else if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
+		{
+			char	   *value;
+
+			value = defGetString(def);
+
+			/* we recognize off/auto/random/system/bernoulli */
+			if (strcmp(value, "off") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "auto") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "random") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "system") != 0 &&
+				strcmp(value, "bernoulli") != 0)
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+						 errmsg("invalid value for string option \"%s\": %s",
+								def->defname, value)));
+		}
 	}
 
 	PG_RETURN_VOID();
@@ -257,6 +274,10 @@ InitPgFdwOptions(void)
 		{"keep_connections", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
 		{"password_required", UserMappingRelationId, false},
 
+		/* sampling is available on both server and table */
+		{"analyze_sampling", ForeignServerRelationId, false},
+		{"analyze_sampling", ForeignTableRelationId, false},
+
 		/*
 		 * sslcert and sslkey are in fact libpq options, but we repeat them
 		 * here to allow them to appear in both foreign server context (when
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
index 8d013f5b1a..e45008915f 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
@@ -4969,11 +4969,60 @@ postgresAnalyzeForeignTable(Relation relation,
 	return true;
 }
 
+/*
+ * postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable
+ *		Count tuples in foreign table (just get pg_class.reltuples).
+ */
+static double
+postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(Relation relation)
+{
+	ForeignTable *table;
+	UserMapping *user;
+	PGconn	   *conn;
+	StringInfoData sql;
+	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	volatile double reltuples = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the connection to use.  We do the remote access as the table's
+	 * owner, even if the ANALYZE was started by some other user.
+	 */
+	table = GetForeignTable(RelationGetRelid(relation));
+	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
+	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Construct command to get page count for relation.
+	 */
+	initStringInfo(&sql);
+	deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(&sql, relation);
+
+	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
+	PG_TRY();
+	{
+		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
+		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
+			pgfdw_report_error(ERROR, res, conn, false, sql.data);
+
+		if (PQntuples(res) != 1 || PQnfields(res) != 1)
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected result from deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql query");
+		reltuples = strtod(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0), NULL);
+	}
+	PG_FINALLY();
+	{
+		if (res)
+			PQclear(res);
+	}
+	PG_END_TRY();
+
+	ReleaseConnection(conn);
+
+	return reltuples;
+}
+
 /*
  * Acquire a random sample of rows from foreign table managed by postgres_fdw.
  *
- * We fetch the whole table from the remote side and pick out some sample rows.
- *
  * Selected rows are returned in the caller-allocated array rows[],
  * which must have at least targrows entries.
  * The actual number of rows selected is returned as the function result.
@@ -4996,9 +5045,14 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	ForeignServer *server;
 	UserMapping *user;
 	PGconn	   *conn;
+	int			server_version_num;
+	PgFdwSamplingMethod method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;	/* auto is default */
+	double		sample_frac = -1.0;
+	double		reltuples;
 	unsigned int cursor_number;
 	StringInfoData sql;
 	PGresult   *volatile res = NULL;
+	ListCell   *lc;
 
 	/* Initialize workspace state */
 	astate.rel = relation;
@@ -5026,20 +5080,134 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	user = GetUserMapping(relation->rd_rel->relowner, table->serverid);
 	conn = GetConnection(user, false, NULL);
 
+	/* We'll need server version, so fetch it now. */
+	server_version_num = PQserverVersion(conn);
+
+	/*
+	 * What sampling method should we use?
+	 */
+	foreach(lc, server->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
+		{
+			char	   *value = defGetString(def);
+
+			if (strcmp(value, "off") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "auto") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "random") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "system") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "bernoulli") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI;
+
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	foreach(lc, table->options)
+	{
+		DefElem    *def = (DefElem *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		if (strcmp(def->defname, "analyze_sampling") == 0)
+		{
+			char	   *value = defGetString(def);
+
+			if (strcmp(value, "off") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "auto") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "random") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "system") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM;
+			else if (strcmp(value, "bernoulli") == 0)
+				method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI;
+
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Error-out if explicitly required one of the TABLESAMPLE methods, but
+	 * the server does not support it.
+	 */
+	if ((server_version_num < 95000) &&
+		(method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM ||
+		 method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				 errmsg("remote server does not support TABLESAMPLE feature")));
+
+	/*
+	 * For "auto" method, pick the one we believe is best. For servers with
+	 * TABLESAMPLE support we pick BERNOULLI, for old servers we fall-back to
+	 * random() to at least reduce network transfer.
+	 */
+	if (method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO)
+	{
+		if (server_version_num < 95000)
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM;
+		else
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we've decided to do remote sampling, calculate the sampling rate. We
+	 * need to get the number of tuples from the remote server, but skip that
+	 * network round-trip if not needed.
+	 */
+	if (method != ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF)
+	{
+		reltuples = postgresCountTuplesForForeignTable(relation);
+
+		/*
+		 * Remote's reltuples could be 0 or -1 if the table has never been
+		 * vacuumed/analyzed.  In that case, disable sampling after all.
+		 */
+		if ((reltuples <= 0) || (targrows >= reltuples))
+			method = ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF;
+		else
+		{
+			sample_frac = targrows / reltuples;
+
+			/*
+			 * Let's sample a bit more (10%) to compensate for any small
+			 * inaccuracy in the reltuples value.  We'll reduce the sample
+			 * locally if it's too large.  Of course, this won't fix a big
+			 * error in reltuples --- but big errors in it are most commonly
+			 * underestimates due to the table having grown since the last
+			 * ANALYZE.  That will lead to overestimating the required
+			 * sample_frac, which is fine.
+			 */
+			sample_frac *= 1.1;
+
+			/*
+			 * Ensure the sampling rate is between 0.0 and 1.0, even after the
+			 * 10% adjustment above.  (Clamping to 0.0 is just paranoia.)
+			 */
+			sample_frac = Min(1.0, Max(0.0, sample_frac));
+		}
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Construct cursor that retrieves whole rows from remote.
 	 */
 	cursor_number = GetCursorNumber(conn);
 	initStringInfo(&sql);
 	appendStringInfo(&sql, "DECLARE c%u CURSOR FOR ", cursor_number);
-	deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
+
+	deparseAnalyzeSql(&sql, relation, method, sample_frac, &astate.retrieved_attrs);
 
 	/* In what follows, do not risk leaking any PGresults. */
 	PG_TRY();
 	{
 		char		fetch_sql[64];
 		int			fetch_size;
-		ListCell   *lc;
 
 		res = pgfdw_exec_query(conn, sql.data, NULL);
 		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
@@ -5126,8 +5294,15 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	/* We assume that we have no dead tuple. */
 	*totaldeadrows = 0.0;
 
-	/* We've retrieved all living tuples from foreign server. */
-	*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
+	/*
+	 * Without sampling, we've retrieved all living tuples from foreign
+	 * server, so report that as totalrows.  Otherwise use the reltuples
+	 * estimate we got from the remote side.
+	 */
+	if (method == ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF)
+		*totalrows = astate.samplerows;
+	else
+		*totalrows = reltuples;
 
 	/*
 	 * Emit some interesting relation info
@@ -5135,7 +5310,7 @@ postgresAcquireSampleRowsFunc(Relation relation, int elevel,
 	ereport(elevel,
 			(errmsg("\"%s\": table contains %.0f rows, %d rows in sample",
 					RelationGetRelationName(relation),
-					astate.samplerows, astate.numrows)));
+					*totalrows, astate.numrows)));
 
 	return astate.numrows;
 }
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
index a11d45bedf..9074fa3052 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h
@@ -134,6 +134,18 @@ typedef struct PgFdwConnState
 	AsyncRequest *pendingAreq;	/* pending async request */
 } PgFdwConnState;
 
+/*
+ * Method used by ANALYZE to sample remote rows.
+ */
+typedef enum PgFdwSamplingMethod
+{
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_OFF,			/* no remote sampling */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_AUTO,		/* choose by server version */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_RANDOM,		/* remote random() */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_SYSTEM,		/* TABLESAMPLE system */
+	ANALYZE_SAMPLE_BERNOULLI	/* TABLESAMPLE bernoulli */
+} PgFdwSamplingMethod;
+
 /* in postgres_fdw.c */
 extern int	set_transmission_modes(void);
 extern void reset_transmission_modes(int nestlevel);
@@ -211,7 +223,10 @@ extern void deparseDirectDeleteSql(StringInfo buf, PlannerInfo *root,
 								   List *returningList,
 								   List **retrieved_attrs);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSizeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
+extern void deparseAnalyzeTuplesSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel);
 extern void deparseAnalyzeSql(StringInfo buf, Relation rel,
+							  PgFdwSamplingMethod sample_method,
+							  double sample_frac,
 							  List **retrieved_attrs);
 extern void deparseTruncateSql(StringInfo buf,
 							   List *rels,
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e48ccd286b..0b28998996 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -3682,3 +3682,39 @@ SELECT * FROM prem2;
 
 ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
 ALTER SERVER loopback2 OPTIONS (DROP parallel_commit);
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test for ANALYZE sampling
+-- ===================================================================
+
+CREATE TABLE analyze_table (id int, a text, b bigint);
+
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable (id int, a text, b bigint)
+       SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'analyze_rtable1');
+
+INSERT INTO analyze_table (SELECT x FROM generate_series(1,1000) x);
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+
+SET default_statistics_target = 10;
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (analyze_sampling 'invalid');
+
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (analyze_sampling 'auto');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET analyze_sampling 'system');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET analyze_sampling 'bernoulli');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET analyze_sampling 'random');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+
+ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET analyze_sampling 'off');
+ANALYZE analyze_table;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE analyze_ftable;
+DROP TABLE analyze_table;
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
index bfd344cdc0..d681d1675e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
@@ -326,6 +326,41 @@ OPTIONS (ADD password_required 'false');
     frequently updated, the local statistics will soon be obsolete.
    </para>
 
+   <para>
+    The following option controls how such an <command>ANALYZE</command>
+    operation behaves:
+   </para>
+
+   <variablelist>
+
+    <varlistentry>
+     <term><literal>analyze_sampling</literal> (<type>text</type>)</term>
+     <listitem>
+      <para>
+       This option, which can be specified for a foreign table or a foreign
+       server, determines if <command>ANALYZE</command> on a foreign table
+       samples the data on the remote side, or reads and transfers all data
+       and performs the sampling locally. The supported values
+       are <literal>off</literal>, <literal>random</literal>,
+       <literal>system</literal>, <literal>bernoulli</literal>
+       and <literal>auto</literal>. <literal>off</literal> disables remote
+       sampling, so all data are transferred and sampled locally.
+       <literal>random</literal> performs remote sampling using the
+       <literal>random()</literal> function to choose returned rows,
+       while <literal>system</literal> and <literal>bernoulli</literal> rely
+       on the built-in <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal> methods of those
+       names. <literal>random</literal> works on all remote server versions,
+       while <literal>TABLESAMPLE</literal> is supported only since 9.5.
+       <literal>auto</literal> (the default) picks the recommended sampling
+       method automatically; currently it means
+       either <literal>bernoulli</literal> or <literal>random</literal>
+       depending on the remote server version.
+      </para>
+     </listitem>
+    </varlistentry>
+
+   </variablelist>
+
   </sect3>
 
   <sect3>
-- 
2.37.3



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-10-07 23:43         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
@ 2022-12-15 16:34           ` James Finnerty <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:46             ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: James Finnerty @ 2022-12-15 16:34 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: [email protected]; +Cc: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>

This patch looks good to me.  I have two very minor nits: The inflation of the sample size by 10% is arbitrary but it doesn't seem unreasonable or concerning.  It just makes me curious if there are any known cases that motivated adding this logic.  Secondly, if the earliest non-deprecated version of PostgreSQL supports sampling, then you could optionally remove the logic that tests for that. The affected lines should be unreachable.

^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-10-07 23:43         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:34           ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample James Finnerty <[email protected]>
@ 2022-12-15 16:46             ` Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-12-21 12:08               ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tom Lane @ 2022-12-15 16:46 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: James Finnerty <[email protected]>; +Cc: [email protected]; Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>

James Finnerty <[email protected]> writes:
> This patch looks good to me.  I have two very minor nits: The inflation
> of the sample size by 10% is arbitrary but it doesn't seem unreasonable
> or concerning.  It just makes me curious if there are any known cases
> that motivated adding this logic.

I wondered why, too.

> Secondly, if the earliest non-deprecated version of PostgreSQL supports
> sampling, then you could optionally remove the logic that tests for
> that. The affected lines should be unreachable.

We've tried to keep postgres_fdw compatible with quite ancient remote
servers (I think the manual claims back to 8.3, though it's unlikely
anyone's tested that far back lately).  This patch should not move those
goalposts, especially if it's easy not to.

			regards, tom lane





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-10-07 23:43         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:34           ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample James Finnerty <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:46             ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
@ 2022-12-21 12:08               ` Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-30 23:03                 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2022-12-21 12:08 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tom Lane <[email protected]>; James Finnerty <[email protected]>; +Cc: [email protected]; Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>

On 12/15/22 17:46, Tom Lane wrote:
> James Finnerty <[email protected]> writes:
>> This patch looks good to me.  I have two very minor nits: The inflation
>> of the sample size by 10% is arbitrary but it doesn't seem unreasonable
>> or concerning.  It just makes me curious if there are any known cases
>> that motivated adding this logic.
> 
> I wondered why, too.
> 

Not sure about known cases, but the motivation is explained in the
comment before the 10% is applied.

The repluples value is never going to be spot on, and we use that to
determine what fraction of the table to sample (because all built-in
TABLESAMPLE methods only accept fraction to sample, not expected number
of rows).

If pg_class.reltuples is lower (than the actual row count), we'll end up
with sample fraction too high. That's mostly harmless, as we'll then
discard some of the rows locally.

But if the pg_class.reltuples is higher, we'll end up sampling too few
rows (less than targrows). This can happen e.g. after a bulk delete.

Yes, the 10% value is mostly arbitrary, and maybe it's pointless. How
much may the stats change with 10% larger sample? Probably not much, so
is it really solving anything?

Also, maybe it's fixing the issue at the wrong level - if stale
reltuples are an issue, maybe the right fix is making it more accurate
on the source instance. Decrease autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor, or
maybe also look at pg_stat_all_tables or something.

regards

-- 
Tomas Vondra
EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com
The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-10-07 23:43         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:34           ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample James Finnerty <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:46             ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-12-21 12:08               ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
@ 2022-12-30 23:03                 ` Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-31 04:42                   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2022-12-30 23:03 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tom Lane <[email protected]>; James Finnerty <[email protected]>; +Cc: [email protected]; Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>

Pushed.

After thinking about it a bit more I decided to rip out the 10% sampling
rate inflation. While stale reltuples may be an issue, but I couldn't
convince myself this would be an improvement overall, or that this is
the right place to deal with it.

Firstly, if reltuples is too low (i.e. when the table grew), everything
is "fine" - we sample more than targrows and then remove some of that
locally. We end up with same sample size as without this patch - which
is not necessarily the right sample size (more about that in a minute),
but if it was good enough for now ... improving this bit was not the
ambition of this patch.

If reltuples is too high (e.g. right after bulk DELETE) we may end up
sampling too few rows. If it's 1/2 what it should be, we'll end up
sampling only 15k rows instead of 30k rows. But it's unclear how much
should we adjust the value - 10% as was in the patch (kinda based on
autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor being 10%)?

I'd argue that's too low to make any difference - cases that are only
~10% off should work fine (we don't have perfect stats anyway). And for
the really bad cases 10% is not going to make a difference.

And if the reltuples is that off, it'll probably affect even queries
planned on the remote node (directly or pushed down), so I guess the
right fix should be making sure reltuples is not actually off - make
autovacuum more aggressive or whatever.


A thing that bothers me is that calculating sample size for partitioned
tables is a bit cyclic - we look at number of blocks, and divide the
whole sample based on that. And that's generally correlated with the
reltuples, but OTOH it may also be wrong - and not necessarily in the
same way. For example you might delete 90% of a table, which will make
the table overrepresented in the sample. But then reltuples may be quite
accurate thanks to recent vacuum - so fixing this by blindly adjusting
the sampling rate seems misguided. If this turns out to be an issue in
practice, we need to rethink acquire_inherited_sample_rows as a whole
(not just for foreign tables).


regards

-- 
Tomas Vondra
EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com
The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-10-07 23:43         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:34           ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample James Finnerty <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:46             ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-12-21 12:08               ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-30 23:03                 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
@ 2022-12-31 04:42                   ` Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-12-31 14:16                     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tom Lane @ 2022-12-31 04:42 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>; +Cc: James Finnerty <[email protected]>; [email protected]

Tomas Vondra <[email protected]> writes:
> After thinking about it a bit more I decided to rip out the 10% sampling
> rate inflation.

+1.  I'm not sure if there's anything more we need to do there, but
that didn't seem like that was it.

I notice that the committed patch still has a reference to that hack
though:

+            * Ensure the sampling rate is between 0.0 and 1.0, even after the
+            * 10% adjustment above.  (Clamping to 0.0 is just paranoia.)

Clamping still seems like a wise idea, but the comment is just
confusing now.

Also, I wonder if there is any possibility of ANALYZE failing
with

ERROR:  TABLESAMPLE clause can only be applied to tables and materialized views

I think the patch avoids that, but only accidentally, because
reltuples will be 0 or -1 for a view.  Maybe it'd be a good
idea to pull back relkind along with reltuples, and check
that too?

			regards, tom lane





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-10-07 23:43         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:34           ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample James Finnerty <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:46             ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-12-21 12:08               ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-30 23:03                 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-31 04:42                   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
@ 2022-12-31 14:16                     ` Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-31 17:23                       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2022-12-31 14:16 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tom Lane <[email protected]>; +Cc: James Finnerty <[email protected]>; [email protected]



On 12/31/22 05:42, Tom Lane wrote:
> Tomas Vondra <[email protected]> writes:
>> After thinking about it a bit more I decided to rip out the 10% sampling
>> rate inflation.
> 
> +1.  I'm not sure if there's anything more we need to do there, but
> that didn't seem like that was it.
> 
> I notice that the committed patch still has a reference to that hack
> though:
> 
> +            * Ensure the sampling rate is between 0.0 and 1.0, even after the
> +            * 10% adjustment above.  (Clamping to 0.0 is just paranoia.)
> 
> Clamping still seems like a wise idea, but the comment is just
> confusing now.
> 

Yeah, I missed that reference. Will fix.

> Also, I wonder if there is any possibility of ANALYZE failing
> with
> 
> ERROR:  TABLESAMPLE clause can only be applied to tables and materialized views
> 
> I think the patch avoids that, but only accidentally, because
> reltuples will be 0 or -1 for a view.  Maybe it'd be a good
> idea to pull back relkind along with reltuples, and check
> that too?

Not sure. I guess we can rely on reltuples being 0 or -1 in such cases,
but maybe it'd be good to at least mention that in a comment? We're not
going to use other reltuples values for views etc.


regards

-- 
Tomas Vondra
EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com
The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample
  2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-10-07 23:43         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:34           ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample James Finnerty <[email protected]>
  2022-12-15 16:46             ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-12-21 12:08               ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-30 23:03                 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  2022-12-31 04:42                   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  2022-12-31 14:16                     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
@ 2022-12-31 17:23                       ` Tom Lane <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Tom Lane @ 2022-12-31 17:23 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>; +Cc: James Finnerty <[email protected]>; [email protected]

Tomas Vondra <[email protected]> writes:
> On 12/31/22 05:42, Tom Lane wrote:
>> ERROR:  TABLESAMPLE clause can only be applied to tables and materialized views
>> I think the patch avoids that, but only accidentally, because
>> reltuples will be 0 or -1 for a view.  Maybe it'd be a good
>> idea to pull back relkind along with reltuples, and check
>> that too?

> Not sure. I guess we can rely on reltuples being 0 or -1 in such cases,
> but maybe it'd be good to at least mention that in a comment? We're not
> going to use other reltuples values for views etc.

Would anyone ever point a foreign table at a sequence?  I guess it
would be a weird use-case, but it's possible, or was till now.

			regards, tom lane





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v65 08/11] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory.
@ 2022-03-03 02:02 Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2022-03-03 02:02 UTC (permalink / raw)

TODO:
- verify all AFIXMEs
- Tests for stats dropping:
  - write regression test verifying that BEGIN;CREATE;USE;DROP; doesn't
    leave stats behind (for functions, tables).
  - same, but with different subtransaction cases
  - write tap test checking stats being dropped on replicas
  - think about / document checkpointer race conditions
  - check what needs to be done for index (and matview, ...?) stats
- consistent naming around replacing "stats collector"
  references. Don't like "activity statistics".
- Document stats_fetch_consistency / adjust existing documentation
  around stats fetching

Previously activity statistics is collected via sockets and shared
among backends through files periodically. Such files reaches tens of
megabytes and are created at most every 1 second and such large data
is serialized by stats collector then de-serialized on every backend
periodically. To evade that large cost, this patch places activity
statistics data on shared memory. Each backend accumulates statistics
numbers locally then tries to move them onto the shared statistics at
every transaction end but with intervals not shorter than 10 seconds.
Until 60 second has elapsed since the last flushing to shared stats,
lock failure postpones stats flushing to try to alleviate lock
contention that slows down transactions.  Finally stats flush waits
for locks so that shared statistics doesn't get stale.

Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Author: Andres Freund <[email protected]>
---
 src/include/access/xact.h                     |   37 +-
 src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat               |    5 +
 src/include/miscadmin.h                       |    2 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  725 +--
 src/include/storage/lwlock.h                  |    1 +
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  456 +-
 src/include/utils/timeout.h                   |    1 +
 src/include/utils/wait_event.h                |    2 +-
 src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c      |    4 +-
 src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c          |    2 +-
 src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c        |   52 +
 src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c         |   53 +
 src/backend/access/transam/xact.c             |   62 +-
 src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c             |   26 +-
 src/backend/catalog/heap.c                    |    7 +
 src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c                 |    5 +
 src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c             |    2 +-
 src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c           |    2 +
 src/backend/commands/matview.c                |    8 +-
 src/backend/commands/vacuum.c                 |    4 +-
 src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c         |    2 +
 src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c           |   70 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c             |    4 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c         |   36 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c               |   12 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c               | 5794 ++++++-----------
 src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c           |   89 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c            |    6 +-
 src/backend/replication/basebackup.c          |    4 +-
 src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c     |    3 +-
 src/backend/replication/slot.c                |   25 +-
 src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c           |    8 +-
 src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c                |    2 +
 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c             |    4 +-
 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt      |    1 +
 src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c               |    5 -
 src/backend/tcop/postgres.c                   |   41 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |  338 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |  179 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c    |  812 ++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  683 +-
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c      |  113 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c       |    4 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c           |   26 +-
 src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c            |    4 +
 src/backend/utils/init/globals.c              |    1 +
 src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c             |    3 -
 src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c             |   12 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c                  |   20 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample |    3 +-
 src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl  |    2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |    3 +-
 src/test/regress/expected/stats.out           |    8 +
 src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql                |   10 +
 src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list              |   51 +-
 55 files changed, 4317 insertions(+), 5517 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/include/access/xact.h b/src/include/access/xact.h
index 062cc7e17d8..a1b15918738 100644
--- a/src/include/access/xact.h
+++ b/src/include/access/xact.h
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ typedef struct SavedTransactionCharacteristics
 #define XACT_XINFO_HAS_ORIGIN			(1U << 5)
 #define XACT_XINFO_HAS_AE_LOCKS			(1U << 6)
 #define XACT_XINFO_HAS_GID				(1U << 7)
+#define XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS	(1U << 8)
 
 /*
  * Also stored in xinfo, these indicating a variety of additional actions that
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_assignment
 typedef struct xl_xact_xinfo
 {
 	/*
-	 * Even though we right now only require 1 byte of space in xinfo we use
+	 * Even though we right now only require two bytes of space in xinfo we use
 	 * four so following records don't have to care about alignment. Commit
 	 * records can be large, so copying large portions isn't attractive.
 	 */
@@ -257,6 +258,24 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_relfilenodes
 } xl_xact_relfilenodes;
 #define MinSizeOfXactRelfilenodes offsetof(xl_xact_relfilenodes, xnodes)
 
+/* FIXME: circular dependency issues */
+/*
+ * A transactionally dropped statistics entry.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_DroppedStatsItem
+{
+	int			kind;
+	Oid			dboid;
+	Oid			objoid;
+} PgStat_DroppedStatsItem;
+
+typedef struct xl_xact_dropped_stats
+{
+	int		ndropped;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem dropped_stats[FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER];
+} xl_xact_dropped_stats;
+#define MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats offsetof(xl_xact_dropped_stats, dropped_stats)
+
 typedef struct xl_xact_invals
 {
 	int			nmsgs;			/* number of shared inval msgs */
@@ -283,6 +302,7 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_commit
 	/* xl_xact_dbinfo follows if XINFO_HAS_DBINFO */
 	/* xl_xact_subxacts follows if XINFO_HAS_SUBXACT */
 	/* xl_xact_relfilenodes follows if XINFO_HAS_RELFILENODES */
+	/* xl_xact_dropped_stats follows if XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS */
 	/* xl_xact_invals follows if XINFO_HAS_INVALS */
 	/* xl_xact_twophase follows if XINFO_HAS_TWOPHASE */
 	/* twophase_gid follows if XINFO_HAS_GID. As a null-terminated string. */
@@ -298,6 +318,7 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_abort
 	/* xl_xact_dbinfo follows if XINFO_HAS_DBINFO */
 	/* xl_xact_subxacts follows if XINFO_HAS_SUBXACT */
 	/* xl_xact_relfilenodes follows if XINFO_HAS_RELFILENODES */
+	/* xl_xact_dropped_stats follows if XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS */
 	/* No invalidation messages needed. */
 	/* xl_xact_twophase follows if XINFO_HAS_TWOPHASE */
 	/* twophase_gid follows if XINFO_HAS_GID. As a null-terminated string. */
@@ -316,6 +337,8 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_prepare
 	int32		nsubxacts;		/* number of following subxact XIDs */
 	int32		ncommitrels;	/* number of delete-on-commit rels */
 	int32		nabortrels;		/* number of delete-on-abort rels */
+	int32		ncommitdroppedstats;  /* number of stats to drop on commit */
+	int32		nabortdroppedstats;  /* number of stats to drop on abort */
 	int32		ninvalmsgs;		/* number of cache invalidation messages */
 	bool		initfileinval;	/* does relcache init file need invalidation? */
 	uint16		gidlen;			/* length of the GID - GID follows the header */
@@ -342,6 +365,9 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_parsed_commit
 	int			nrels;
 	RelFileNode *xnodes;
 
+	int			ndroppedstats;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats;
+
 	int			nmsgs;
 	SharedInvalidationMessage *msgs;
 
@@ -349,6 +375,8 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_parsed_commit
 	char		twophase_gid[GIDSIZE];	/* only for 2PC */
 	int			nabortrels;		/* only for 2PC */
 	RelFileNode *abortnodes;	/* only for 2PC */
+	int			nabortdroppedstats;		/* only for 2PC */
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *abortdroppedstats; /* only for 2PC */
 
 	XLogRecPtr	origin_lsn;
 	TimestampTz origin_timestamp;
@@ -370,6 +398,9 @@ typedef struct xl_xact_parsed_abort
 	int			nrels;
 	RelFileNode *xnodes;
 
+	int			ndroppedstats;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats;
+
 	TransactionId twophase_xid; /* only for 2PC */
 	char		twophase_gid[GIDSIZE];	/* only for 2PC */
 
@@ -449,6 +480,8 @@ extern int	xactGetCommittedChildren(TransactionId **ptr);
 extern XLogRecPtr XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 									  int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts,
 									  int nrels, RelFileNode *rels,
+									  int ndroppedstats,
+									  PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 									  int nmsgs, SharedInvalidationMessage *msgs,
 									  bool relcacheInval,
 									  int xactflags,
@@ -458,6 +491,8 @@ extern XLogRecPtr XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 extern XLogRecPtr XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 									 int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts,
 									 int nrels, RelFileNode *rels,
+									 int ndroppedstats,
+									 PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 									 int xactflags, TransactionId twophase_xid,
 									 const char *twophase_gid);
 extern void xact_redo(XLogReaderState *record);
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
index bf888581716..bba33f593f0 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
@@ -5744,6 +5744,11 @@
   proname => 'pg_stat_clear_snapshot', proisstrict => 'f', provolatile => 'v',
   proparallel => 'r', prorettype => 'void', proargtypes => '',
   prosrc => 'pg_stat_clear_snapshot' },
+{ oid => '2137',
+  descr => 'statistics: force stats to be flushed after the next commit',
+  proname => 'pg_stat_force_next_flush', proisstrict => 'f', provolatile => 'v',
+  proparallel => 'r', prorettype => 'void', proargtypes => '',
+  prosrc => 'pg_stat_force_next_flush' },
 { oid => '2274',
   descr => 'statistics: reset collected statistics for current database',
   proname => 'pg_stat_reset', proisstrict => 'f', provolatile => 'v',
diff --git a/src/include/miscadmin.h b/src/include/miscadmin.h
index 0abc3ad5405..1d89b2759d2 100644
--- a/src/include/miscadmin.h
+++ b/src/include/miscadmin.h
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t LogMemoryContextPending;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending;
 
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t CheckClientConnectionPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ClientConnectionLost;
@@ -333,7 +334,6 @@ typedef enum BackendType
 	B_WAL_SENDER,
 	B_WAL_WRITER,
 	B_ARCHIVER,
-	B_STATS_COLLECTOR,
 	B_LOGGER,
 } BackendType;
 
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index 0fbf198fdd1..a9a72d01f2b 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /* ----------
  *	pgstat.h
  *
- *	Definitions for the PostgreSQL statistics collector daemon.
+ *	Definitions for the PostgreSQL activity statistics facility.
  *
  *	Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
@@ -12,12 +12,11 @@
 #define PGSTAT_H
 
 #include "datatype/timestamp.h"
+#include "executor/instrument.h"
 #include "portability/instr_time.h"
 #include "postmaster/pgarch.h"	/* for MAX_XFN_CHARS */
-#include "replication/logicalproto.h"
 #include "utils/backend_progress.h" /* for backward compatibility */
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */
-#include "utils/hsearch.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */
 
@@ -27,12 +26,30 @@
  * ----------
  */
 #define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY		"pg_stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/global.stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/global.tmp"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/saved_stats"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/saved_stats.tmp"
 
 /* Default directory to store temporary statistics data in */
 #define PG_STAT_TMP_DIR		"pg_stat_tmp"
 
+/* The types of statistics entries */
+typedef enum PgStatKind
+{
+	/* stats with a variable number of entries */
+	PGSTAT_KIND_DB,				/* database-wide statistics */
+	PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,			/* per-table statistics */
+	PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,		/* per-function statistics */
+	PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION,	/* per-subscription statistics */
+
+	/* stats with a constant number of entries */
+	PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU,
+	PGSTAT_KIND_WAL,
+} PgStatKind;
+#define PGSTAT_KIND_LAST PGSTAT_KIND_WAL
 
 /* Values for track_functions GUC variable --- order is significant! */
 typedef enum TrackFunctionsLevel
@@ -42,6 +59,13 @@ typedef enum TrackFunctionsLevel
 	TRACK_FUNC_ALL
 }			TrackFunctionsLevel;
 
+typedef enum PgStatsFetchConsistency
+{
+	STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE,
+	STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE,
+	STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT,
+} PgStatsFetchConsistency;
+
 /* Values to track the cause of session termination */
 typedef enum SessionEndType
 {
@@ -83,9 +107,8 @@ typedef enum PgStat_Single_Reset_Type
  * PgStat_TableCounts			The actual per-table counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
- * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state) and
- * PgStat_TableEntry (the transmitted message format).
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any stats updates to apply.
+ * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state).
  *
  * Note: for a table, tuples_returned is the number of tuples successfully
  * fetched by heap_getnext, while tuples_fetched is the number of tuples
@@ -138,10 +161,9 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableCounts
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_TableStatus
 {
-	Oid			t_id;			/* table's OID */
-	bool		t_shared;		/* is it a shared catalog? */
 	struct PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans;	/* lowest subxact's counts */
 	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;	/* event counts to be sent */
+	Relation	relation;			/* rel that is using this entry */
 } PgStat_TableStatus;
 
 /* ----------
@@ -172,10 +194,10 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableXactStatus
  * PgStat_FunctionCounts	The actual per-function counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to write.
  *
  * Note that the time counters are in instr_time format here.  We convert to
- * microseconds in PgStat_Counter format when transmitting to the collector.
+ * microseconds in PgStat_Counter format when updating the shared statistics.
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCounts
@@ -186,12 +208,11 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCounts
 } PgStat_FunctionCounts;
 
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry	Entry in backend's per-function hash table
+ * PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry	Non-flushed function stats.
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
 {
-	Oid			f_id;
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts f_counts;
 } PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry;
 
@@ -211,570 +232,19 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 	instr_time	f_start;
 } PgStat_FunctionCallUsage;
 
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Message formats follow
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
- */
-
 /* ----------
- * The types of backend -> collector messages
+ * PgStat_BackendSubEntry	Non-flushed subscription stats.
  * ----------
  */
-typedef enum StatMsgType
+typedef struct PgStat_BackendSubEntry
 {
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR,
-} StatMsgType;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgHdr				The common message header
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgHdr
-{
-	StatMsgType m_type;
-	int			m_size;
-} PgStat_MsgHdr;
-
-/* ----------
- * Space available in a message.  This will keep the UDP packets below 1K,
- * which should fit unfragmented into the MTU of the loopback interface.
- * (Larger values of PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would work for that on most
- * platforms, but we're being conservative here.)
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE 1000
-#define PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD	(PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE - sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDummy				A dummy message, ignored by the collector
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDummy
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-} PgStat_MsgDummy;
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgInquiry			Sent by a backend to ask the collector
- *								to write the stats file(s).
- *
- * Ordinarily, an inquiry message prompts writing of the global stats file,
- * the stats file for shared catalogs, and the stats file for the specified
- * database.  If databaseid is InvalidOid, only the first two are written.
- *
- * New file(s) will be written only if the existing file has a timestamp
- * older than the specified cutoff_time; this prevents duplicated effort
- * when multiple requests arrive at nearly the same time, assuming that
- * backends send requests with cutoff_times a little bit in the past.
- *
- * clock_time should be the requestor's current local time; the collector
- * uses this to check for the system clock going backward, but it has no
- * effect unless that occurs.  We assume clock_time >= cutoff_time, though.
- * ----------
- */
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgInquiry
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	TimestampTz clock_time;		/* observed local clock time */
-	TimestampTz cutoff_time;	/* minimum acceptable file timestamp */
-	Oid			databaseid;		/* requested DB (InvalidOid => shared only) */
-} PgStat_MsgInquiry;
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_TableEntry			Per-table info in a MsgTabstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_TableEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;
-} PgStat_TableEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabstat			Sent by the backend to report table
- *								and buffer access statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - 3 * sizeof(int) - 5 * sizeof(PgStat_Counter)) \
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	int			m_xact_commit;
-	int			m_xact_rollback;
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_read_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_write_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_session_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_active_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_idle_in_xact_time;
-	PgStat_TableEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgTabstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead tables.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_tableid[PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgTabpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDropdb				Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a dropped database
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDropdb
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDropdb;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetcounter		Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset counters
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a shared counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Shared_Reset_Target m_resettarget;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a single counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_Single_Reset_Type m_resettype;
-	Oid			m_objectid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a SLRU counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	int			m_index;
-} PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset replication slot counter(s)
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	NameData	m_slotname;
-	bool		clearall;
-} PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset subscription counter(s)
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_subid;		/* InvalidOid means reset all subscription
-								 * stats */
-} PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter;
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAutovacStart		Sent by the autovacuum daemon to signal
- *								that a database is going to be processed
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	TimestampTz m_start_time;
-} PgStat_MsgAutovacStart;
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgVacuum				Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after VACUUM
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgVacuum
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	TimestampTz m_vacuumtime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgVacuum;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAnalyze			Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after ANALYZE
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	bool		m_resetcounter;
-	TimestampTz m_analyzetime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgAnalyze;
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgArchiver			Sent by the archiver to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgArchiver
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	bool		m_failed;		/* Failed attempt */
-	char		m_xlog[MAX_XFN_CHARS + 1];
-	TimestampTz m_timestamp;
-} PgStat_MsgArchiver;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgBgWriter			Sent by the bgwriter to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_maxwritten_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_alloc;
-} PgStat_MsgBgWriter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgCheckpointer  Sent by the checkpointer to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgCheckpointer
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_timed_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_requested_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_fsync_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_write_time; /* times in milliseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-} PgStat_MsgCheckpointer;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgWal			Sent by backends and background processes to update WAL statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgWal
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_records;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_fpi;
-	uint64		m_wal_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_buffers_full;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write_time;	/* time spent writing wal records in
-										 * microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync_time; /* time spent syncing wal records in
-									 * microseconds */
-} PgStat_MsgWal;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSLRU			Sent by a backend to update SLRU statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSLRU
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_index;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_zeroed;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_hit;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_read;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_written;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_exists;
-	PgStat_Counter m_flush;
-	PgStat_Counter m_truncate;
-} PgStat_MsgSLRU;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgReplSlot	Sent by a backend or a wal sender to update replication
- *						slot statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	NameData	m_slotname;
-	bool		m_create;
-	bool		m_drop;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_total_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_total_bytes;
-} PgStat_MsgReplSlot;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop	Sent by the backend and autovacuum to tell the
- *								collector about the dead subscription.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_subid;
-} PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError	Sent by the apply worker or the table sync
- *								worker to report an error on the subscription.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_subid;
-	bool		m_is_apply_error;
-} PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict	Sent by the backend upon recovery conflict
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_reason;
-} PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTempFile	Sent by the backend upon creating a temp file
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTempFile
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	size_t		m_filesize;
-} PgStat_MsgTempFile;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_FunctionEntry			Per-function info in a MsgFuncstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_FunctionEntry
-{
-	Oid			f_id;
-	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
-	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter f_self_time;
-} PgStat_FunctionEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncstat			Sent by the backend to report function
- *								usage statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES	\
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead functions.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_functionid[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDeadlock			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a deadlock that occurred.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDeadlock;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure	Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about checksum failures noticed.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_failurecount;
-	TimestampTz m_failure_time;
-} PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgConnect			Sent by the backend upon connection
- *								establishment
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgConnect
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgConnect;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDisconnect			Sent by the backend when disconnecting
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDisconnect
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	SessionEndType m_cause;
-} PgStat_MsgDisconnect;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_Msg					Union over all possible messages.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef union PgStat_Msg
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr msg_hdr;
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg_dummy;
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg_inquiry;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat msg_tabstat;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg_tabpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg_dropdb;
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg_resetcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg_resetsharedcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg_resetsinglecounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg_resetslrucounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg_resetreplslotcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg_resetsubcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg_autovacuum_start;
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg_vacuum;
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg_analyze;
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg_archiver;
-	PgStat_MsgBgWriter msg_bgwriter;
-	PgStat_MsgCheckpointer msg_checkpointer;
-	PgStat_MsgWal msg_wal;
-	PgStat_MsgSLRU msg_slru;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg_funcstat;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge msg_funcpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg_recoveryconflict;
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg_deadlock;
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg_tempfile;
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg_checksumfailure;
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg_replslot;
-	PgStat_MsgConnect msg_connect;
-	PgStat_MsgDisconnect msg_disconnect;
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError msg_subscriptionerror;
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop msg_subscriptiondrop;
-} PgStat_Msg;
+	PgStat_Counter apply_error_count;
+	PgStat_Counter sync_error_count;
+} PgStat_BackendSubEntry;
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Statistic collector data structures follow
+ * Activity statistics data structures on disk and in shared memory follow
  *
  * PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID should be changed whenever any of these
  * data structures change.
@@ -784,12 +254,11 @@ typedef union PgStat_Msg
 #define PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID	0x01A5BCA6
 
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_StatDBEntry			The collector's data per database
+ * PgStat_StatDBEntry			The per database statistics
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 {
-	Oid			databaseid;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_commit;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_rollback;
 	PgStat_Counter n_blocks_fetched;
@@ -821,24 +290,15 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 	PgStat_Counter n_sessions_killed;
 
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of db stats file update */
-
-	/*
-	 * tables and functions must be last in the struct, because we don't write
-	 * the pointers out to the stats file.
-	 */
-	HTAB	   *tables;
-	HTAB	   *functions;
 } PgStat_StatDBEntry;
 
+
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_StatTabEntry			The collector's data per table (or index)
+ * PgStat_StatTabEntry			The per table (or index) statistics
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_StatTabEntry
 {
-	Oid			tableid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter numscans;
 
 	PgStat_Counter tuples_returned;
@@ -867,23 +327,19 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatTabEntry
 	PgStat_Counter autovac_analyze_count;
 } PgStat_StatTabEntry;
 
+
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_StatFuncEntry			The collector's data per function
+ * PgStat_StatFuncEntry			The per function statistics
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 {
-	Oid			functionid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
 
 	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
 	PgStat_Counter f_self_time;
 } PgStat_StatFuncEntry;
 
-/*
- * Archiver statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_ArchiverStats
 {
 	PgStat_Counter archived_count;	/* archival successes */
@@ -897,9 +353,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_ArchiverStats
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
 } PgStat_ArchiverStats;
 
-/*
- * Background writer statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_BgWriterStats
 {
 	PgStat_Counter buf_written_clean;
@@ -908,12 +361,8 @@ typedef struct PgStat_BgWriterStats
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
 } PgStat_BgWriterStats;
 
-/*
- * Checkpointer statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 {
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
 	PgStat_Counter timed_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter requested_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter checkpoint_write_time;	/* times in milliseconds */
@@ -923,20 +372,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 	PgStat_Counter buf_fsync_backend;
 } PgStat_CheckpointerStats;
 
-/*
- * Global statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_GlobalStats
-{
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
-
-	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
-	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
-} PgStat_GlobalStats;
-
-/*
- * SLRU statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_SLRUStats
 {
 	PgStat_Counter blocks_zeroed;
@@ -949,12 +384,13 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SLRUStats
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
 } PgStat_SLRUStats;
 
-/*
- * Replication slot statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry
 {
 	NameData	slotname;
+	/*
+	 * AFIXME: This index needs to be removed. See note in pgstat_read_statsfile()
+	 */
+	uint32		index;
 	PgStat_Counter spill_txns;
 	PgStat_Counter spill_count;
 	PgStat_Counter spill_bytes;
@@ -978,14 +414,10 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatSubEntry
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
 } PgStat_StatSubEntry;
 
-/*
- * WAL statistics kept in the stats collector
- */
 typedef struct PgStat_WalStats
 {
-	PgStat_Counter wal_records;
-	PgStat_Counter wal_fpi;
-	uint64		wal_bytes;
+	/* AFIXME: I don't think the use of WalUsage here is a good idea */
+	WalUsage	   wal_usage;
 	PgStat_Counter wal_buffers_full;
 	PgStat_Counter wal_write;
 	PgStat_Counter wal_sync;
@@ -1001,14 +433,13 @@ typedef struct PgStat_WalStats
  */
 
 /* functions called from postmaster */
-extern void pgstat_init(void);
-extern void pgstat_reset_all(void);
-extern int	pgstat_start(void);
-extern void allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void);
+extern Size StatsShmemSize(void);
+extern void StatsShmemInit(void);
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-extern void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
-#endif
+/* Functions called during server startup / shutdown */
+extern void pgstat_restore_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_discard_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg);
 
 /* Functions for backend initialization */
 extern void pgstat_initialize(void);
@@ -1023,19 +454,25 @@ extern void pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 extern void pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 									  void *recdata, uint32 len);
 extern void pgstat_clear_snapshot(void);
+struct PgStat_DroppedStatsItem;
+extern int pgstat_pending_stats_drops(bool isCommit, struct PgStat_DroppedStatsItem **items);
+extern void pgstat_perform_drops(int ndrops, struct PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *items, bool is_redo);
 
 /* Functions called from backends */
-extern void pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
+extern long pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
+extern void pgstat_force_next_flush(void);
 extern void pgstat_vacuum_stat(void);
 extern void pgstat_reset_counters(void);
 extern void pgstat_reset_single_counter(Oid objectid, PgStat_Single_Reset_Type type);
-extern void pgstat_ping(void);
-extern PgStat_GlobalStats *pgstat_fetch_global(void);
+extern TimestampTz pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot);
 
 /* GUC parameters */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT bool pgstat_track_counts;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_track_functions;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_fetch_consistency;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_directory;
+
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 extern char *pgstat_stat_tmpname;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_filename;
 
@@ -1087,6 +524,9 @@ extern SessionEndType pgStatSessionEndCause;
  * ----------
  */
 
+extern void pgstat_create_function(Oid proid);
+extern void pgstat_drop_function(Oid proid);
+
 struct FunctionCallInfoBaseData;
 extern void pgstat_init_function_usage(struct FunctionCallInfoBaseData *fcinfo,
 									   PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu);
@@ -1105,22 +545,22 @@ extern PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id);
 extern void pgstat_reset_shared_counters(const char *);
 
 /* archiver stats */
-extern void pgstat_send_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
+extern void pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
 extern PgStat_ArchiverStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void);
 
 /* bgwriter stats */
-extern void pgstat_send_bgwriter(void);
+extern void pgstat_report_bgwriter(void);
 extern PgStat_BgWriterStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void);
 
 /* checkpointer stats */
-extern void pgstat_send_checkpointer(void);
+extern void pgstat_report_checkpointer(void);
 extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void);
 
 /* replication slot stats */
 extern void pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name);
-extern void pgstat_report_replslot(const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat);
-extern void pgstat_report_replslot_create(const char *slotname);
-extern void pgstat_report_replslot_drop(const char *slotname);
+extern void pgstat_report_replslot(uint32 idx, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat);
+extern void pgstat_report_replslot_create(const char *name, uint32 idx);
+extern void pgstat_report_replslot_drop(uint32 idx);
 extern PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname);
 
 /* slru stats */
@@ -1137,24 +577,24 @@ extern int	pgstat_slru_index(const char *name);
 extern PgStat_SLRUStats *pgstat_fetch_slru(void);
 
 /* wal stats */
-extern void pgstat_send_wal(bool force);
+extern void pgstat_report_wal(bool force);
 extern PgStat_WalStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void);
 
 /*
  * BgWriter statistics counters are updated directly by bgwriter and bufmgr
  */
-extern PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
+extern PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats;
 
 /*
  * Checkpointer statistics counters are updated directly by checkpointer and
  * bufmgr.
  */
-extern PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
+extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats;
 
 /*
  * WAL statistics counter is updated by backends and background processes
  */
-extern PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
+extern PgStat_WalStats WalStats;
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -1162,10 +602,13 @@ extern PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
  * ----------
  */
 
+extern void pgstat_create_relation(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel);
 extern void pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dstrel, Relation srcrel);
 
 extern void pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel);
 extern void pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_relation_delink(Relation rel);
 
 extern void pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
@@ -1228,6 +671,8 @@ extern void pgstat_count_truncate(Relation rel);
 extern void pgstat_update_heap_dead_tuples(Relation rel, int delta);
 
 extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid);
+extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(bool shared,
+																Oid relid);
 extern PgStat_TableStatus *find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id);
 
 
diff --git a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
index c3d5889d7b2..5fd7197d965 100644
--- a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
+++ b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
@@ -190,6 +190,7 @@ typedef enum BuiltinTrancheIds
 	LWTRANCHE_SHARED_TIDBITMAP,
 	LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND,
 	LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST,
+	LWTRANCHE_STATS,
 	LWTRANCHE_FIRST_USER_DEFINED
 }			BuiltinTrancheIds;
 
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index 51c0d06447b..e77aaf7f376 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -14,22 +14,107 @@
 #define PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H
 
 
+#include "access/xact.h"
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
+#include "lib/ilist.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
-#include "executor/instrument.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
+#include "utils/dsa.h"
 
 
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL	500 /* Minimum time between stats file
-									 * updates; in milliseconds. */
-
-/* ----------
- * The initial size hints for the hash tables used in the collector.
- * ----------
+/*
+ * Types to define shared statistics structure.
+ *
+ * Per-object statistics are stored in the "shared stats" hashtable. That
+ * table's entries (PgStatShmHashEntry) contain a pointer to the actual stats
+ * data for the object (the size of the stats data varies depending on the
+ * kind of stats). The table is keyed by PgStatHashKey.
+ *
+ * Once a backend has a reference to a shared stats entry, it increments the
+ * entry's refcount. Even after stats data is dropped (e.g. due to a DROP
+ * TABLE), the entry itself can only be deleted once all references have been
+ * released.
+ *
+ * These refcounts, in combination with a backend local hashtable
+ * (pgStatSharedRefHash, with entries pointing to PgStatSharedRef) in front of
+ * the shared hash table, mean that most stats work can happen without
+ * touching the shared hash table, reducing contention.
+ *
+ * Once there are pending stats updates for a table PgStatSharedRef->pending
+ * is allocated to contain a working space for as-of-yet-unapplied stats
+ * updates. Once the stats are flushed, PgStatSharedRef->pending is freed.
+ *
+ * Each stat kind in the shared hash table has a fixed member
+ * PgStat_HashEntryHeader as the first element.
  */
-#define PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE		16
-#define PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE	512
-#define PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE	512
-#define PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE	32
-#define PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE	32
+
+/* struct for shared statistics hash entry key. */
+typedef struct PgStatHashKey
+{
+	PgStatKind	kind;			/* statistics entry kind */
+	Oid			dboid;		/* database ID. InvalidOid for shared objects. */
+	Oid			objoid;		/* object ID, either table or function. */
+} PgStatHashKey;
+
+/* struct for shared statistics hash entry */
+typedef struct PgStatShmHashEntry
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;			/* hash key */
+
+	/*
+	 * If dropped is set, backends need to release their references so that
+	 * the memory for the entry can be freed.
+	 */
+	bool		dropped;
+
+	/*
+	 * Refcount managing lifetime of the entry itself (as opposed to the
+	 * dshash entry pointing to it). The stats lifetime has to be separate
+	 * from the hash table entry lifetime because we allow backends to point
+	 * to a stats entry without holding a hash table lock (and some other
+	 * reasons).
+	 *
+	 * As long as the entry is not dropped 1 is added to the refcount
+	 * representing that it should not be dropped. In addition each backend
+	 * that has a reference to the entry needs to increment the refcount as
+	 * long as it does.
+	 *
+	 * When the refcount reaches 0 the entry needs to be freed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint32  refcount;
+
+	LWLock		lock;
+	dsa_pointer body;			/* pointer to shared stats in
+								 * PgStat_StatEntryHeader */
+} PgStatShmHashEntry;
+
+/*
+ * Common header struct for PgStatShm_Stat*Entry.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader
+{
+	uint32		magic;				/* just a validity cross-check */
+} PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader;
+
+/*
+ * A backend local reference to a shared stats entry. As long as at least one
+ * such reference exists, the shared stats entry will not be released.
+ *
+ * If there are pending stats update to the shared stats, these are stored in
+ * ->pending.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatSharedRef
+{
+	/*
+	 * Pointers to both the hash table entry pgStatSharedHash, and the stats
+	 * (as a local pointer, to avoid dsa_get_address()).
+	 */
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *shared_entry;
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *shared_stats;
+
+	dlist_node	pending_node;	/* membership in pgStatPending list */
+	void	   *pending;		/* the pending data itself */
+} PgStatSharedRef;
 
 
 /*
@@ -43,6 +128,16 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
 
 	struct PgStat_SubXactStatus *prev;	/* higher-level subxact if any */
 
+	/*
+	 * Dropping the statistics for objects that dropped transactionally itself
+	 * needs to be transactional. Therefore we collect the stats dropped in
+	 * the current (sub-)transaction and only execute the stats drop when we
+	 * know if the transaction commits/aborts. To handle replicas and crashes,
+	 * stats drops are included in commit records.
+	 */
+	dlist_head	pending_drops;
+	int			pending_drops_count;
+
 	/*
 	 * Tuple insertion/deletion counts for an open transaction can't be
 	 * propagated into PgStat_TableStatus counters until we know if it is
@@ -55,10 +150,64 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
 } PgStat_SubXactStatus;
 
 
+/*
+ * Metadata for a specific kinds of statistics.
+ */
+typedef struct pgstat_kind_info
+{
+	/*
+	 * Is this kind of stats global (i.e. a precise number exists)
+	 * or not (e.g. tables).
+	 */
+	bool is_global : 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Can stats of this kind be accessed from another database? Determines
+	 * whether a stats object gets included in stats snapshots.
+	 */
+	bool accessed_across_databases : 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of an entry in the shared stats hash table (pointed to by
+	 * PgStatShmHashEntry->body).
+	 */
+	uint32 shared_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The offset/size of the statistics inside the shared stats entry. This
+	 * is used to e.g. avoid touching lwlocks when serializing / restoring
+	 * stats snapshot serialized to / from disk respectively.
+	 */
+	uint32 shared_data_off;
+	uint32 shared_data_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of the pending data for this kind. E.g. how large
+	 * PgStatPendingEntry->pending is. Used for allocations.
+	 *
+	 * -1 signal that an entry of this kind should never have a pending entry.
+	 */
+	uint32 pending_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * For global statistics: Fetch a snapshot of appropriate global stats.
+	 */
+	void (*snapshot_cb)(void);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable number stats: flush pending stats.
+	 */
+	bool (*flush_pending_cb)(PgStatSharedRef *sr, bool nowait);
+} pgstat_kind_info;
+
+
 /*
  * List of SLRU names that we keep stats for.  There is no central registry of
  * SLRUs, so we use this fixed list instead.  The "other" entry is used for
  * all SLRUs without an explicit entry (e.g. SLRUs in extensions).
+ *
+ * This is only defined here so that SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS is known for later type
+ * definitions.
  */
 static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 	"CommitTs",
@@ -74,13 +223,177 @@ static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 #define SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS	lengthof(slru_names)
 
 
+typedef struct PgStatShmemGlobal
+{
+	void   *raw_dsa_area;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats for objects for which a variable number exists are kept in this
+	 * shared hash table. See comment above PgStatKind for details.
+	 */
+	dshash_table_handle hash_handle;	/* shared dbstat hash */
+
+	/* Has the stats system already been shut down? Just a debugging check. */
+	bool is_shutdown;
+
+	/*
+	 * Whenever the for a dropped stats entry could not be freed (because
+	 * backends still have references), this is incremented, causing backends
+	 * to run pgstat_lookup_cache_gc(), allowing that memory to be reclaimed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint64 gc_count;
+
+	/*
+	 * Global stats structs.
+	 *
+	 * For the various "changecount" members check the definition of struct
+	 * PgBackendStatus for some explanation.
+	 */
+	struct
+	{
+		PgStat_ArchiverStats stats;
+		uint32 changecount;
+		PgStat_ArchiverStats reset_offset;	/* protected by StatsLock */
+	} archiver;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		PgStat_BgWriterStats stats;
+		uint32 changecount;
+		PgStat_BgWriterStats reset_offset;	/* protected by StatsLock */
+	} bgwriter;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		PgStat_CheckpointerStats stats;
+		uint32 changecount;
+		PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset_offset;	/* protected by StatsLock */
+	} checkpointer;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		LWLock		lock;
+		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *stats;
+	} replslot;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		LWLock		lock;
+		PgStat_SLRUStats stats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+#define SizeOfSlruStats sizeof(PgStat_SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS])
+	} slru;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		LWLock		lock;
+		PgStat_WalStats stats;
+	} wal;
+} PgStatShmemGlobal;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of stats
+ *
+ * AFIXME: Can we get rid of these, and instead just have one type that's
+ * cast?
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShm_StatDBEntry
+{
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader header;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry stats;
+} PgStatShm_StatDBEntry;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShm_StatTabEntry
+{
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader header;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry stats;
+} PgStatShm_StatTabEntry;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry
+{
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader header;
+	PgStat_StatFuncEntry stats;
+} PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShm_StatSubEntry
+{
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader header;
+	PgStat_StatSubEntry stats;
+} PgStatShm_StatSubEntry;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Cached statistics snapshot
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatSnapshot
+{
+	PgStatsFetchConsistency mode;
+
+	/* time at which snapshot was taken */
+	TimestampTz snapshot_timestamp;
+
+	bool global_valid[PGSTAT_KIND_LAST + 1];
+
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats archiver;
+
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
+
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
+
+	int replslot_count;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *replslot;
+
+	PgStat_SLRUStats slru[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+
+	PgStat_WalStats wal;
+
+	struct pgstat_snapshot_hash *stats;
+} PgStatSnapshot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Inline functions defined further below.
+ */
+
+static inline void changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline void changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline uint32 changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc);
+static inline bool changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 cc_before);
+
+static inline void pgstat_copy_global_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+											uint32 *cc);
+
+
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat.c
  */
 
+extern PgStatSharedRef *pgstat_shared_ref_get(PgStatKind kind,
+											  Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+											  bool create);
+extern bool pgstat_shared_stat_lock(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref);
+extern PgStatSharedRef *pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PgStatKind kind,
+												  Oid dboid,
+												  Oid objoid,
+												  bool nowait);
+
+extern PgStatSharedRef *pgstat_pending_prepare(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern PgStatSharedRef *pgstat_pending_fetch(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+
 extern PgStat_SubXactStatus *pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(int nest_level);
-extern void pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype);
-extern void pgstat_send(void *msg, int len);
+
+extern void pgstat_schedule_create(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_schedule_drop(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid);
+
+extern void* pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStatKind kind);
+
 #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
 extern void pgstat_assert_is_up(void);
 #else
@@ -92,42 +405,60 @@ extern void pgstat_assert_is_up(void);
  * Functions in pgstat_database.c
  */
 
+extern bool pgstat_flush_database(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_update_dbstats(TimestampTz now);
 extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
-extern void pgstat_update_dbstats(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now);
 extern void pgstat_report_disconnect(Oid dboid);
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_pending_db_prepare(Oid dboid);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_funcstats(void);
+extern bool pgstat_flush_function(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_global.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_slru(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_archiver(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_bgwriter(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_checkpointer(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_replslot(void);
+extern bool pgstat_flush_slru(bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_slru(void);
+extern bool pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait);
+extern bool walstats_pending(void);
 extern void pgstat_wal_initialize(void);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_wal(void);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_relation.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_tabstats(TimestampTz now, bool disconnect);
+extern bool pgstat_flush_relation(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait);
 extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit);
 extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit, int nestDepth);
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 
 
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
+ */
+
+extern bool pgstat_flush_subscription(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait);
+
+
 /*
  * Variables in pgstat.c
  */
 
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
+extern PgStatShmemGlobal *pgStatShmem;
+extern PgStatSnapshot stats_snapshot;
 
 
 /*
@@ -139,10 +470,10 @@ extern int	pgStatXactRollback;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_functions.c
+ * Variables in pgstat_global.c
  */
 
-extern bool have_function_stats;
+extern bool have_slrustats;
 
 
 /*
@@ -153,10 +484,89 @@ extern WalUsage prevWalUsage;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_relation.c
+ * Implementation of inline functions declared above.
  */
 
-extern bool have_relation_stats;
+/*
+ * Helpers for changecount manipulation. See comments around struct
+ * PgBackendStatus for details.
+ */
+
+static inline void
+changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 0);
+
+	START_CRIT_SECTION();
+	(*cc)++;
+	pg_write_barrier();
+}
+
+static inline void
+changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 1);
+
+	pg_write_barrier();
+
+	(*cc)++;
+
+	END_CRIT_SECTION();
+}
+
+static inline uint32
+changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32 before_cc = *cc;
+
+	CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	return before_cc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns true if the read succeeded, false if it needs to be repeated.
+ */
+static inline bool
+changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 before_cc)
+{
+	uint32 after_cc;
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	after_cc = *cc;
+
+	/* was a write in progress when we started? */
+	if (before_cc & 1)
+		return false;
+
+	/* did writes start and complete while we read? */
+	return before_cc == after_cc;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_copy_global_stats - helper function for functions
+ *           pgstat_fetch_stat_*() and pgstat_reset_shared_counters().
+ *
+ * Copies out the specified memory area following change-count protocol.
+ */
+static inline void
+pgstat_copy_global_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+						 uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32 cc_before;
+
+	do
+	{
+		cc_before = changecount_before_read(cc);
+
+		memcpy(dst, src, len);
+	}
+	while (!changecount_after_read(cc, cc_before));
+}
 
 
 #endif							/* PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/timeout.h b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
index 099f91c61da..c068986d09a 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/timeout.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ typedef enum TimeoutId
 	STANDBY_LOCK_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_IN_TRANSACTION_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
+	IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
 	CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT,
 	STARTUP_PROGRESS_TIMEOUT,
 	/* First user-definable timeout reason */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
index 395d325c5fe..7cf1a71e353 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ typedef enum
 	WAIT_EVENT_CHECKPOINTER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_APPLY_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN,
-	WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN,
+	WAIT_EVENT_READING_STATS_FILE,
 	WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM,
 	WAIT_EVENT_SYSLOGGER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_WAL_RECEIVER_MAIN,
diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c b/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
index 39ef8a0b77d..911a76228d5 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
@@ -1089,8 +1089,8 @@ heapam_scan_analyze_next_tuple(TableScanDesc scan, TransactionId OldestXmin,
 				 * our own.  In this case we should count and sample the row,
 				 * to accommodate users who load a table and analyze it in one
 				 * transaction.  (pgstat_report_analyze has to adjust the
-				 * numbers we send to the stats collector to make this come
-				 * out right.)
+				 * numbers we report to the activity stats facility to make
+				 * this come out right.)
 				 */
 				if (TransactionIdIsCurrentTransactionId(HeapTupleHeaderGetXmin(targtuple->t_data)))
 				{
diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c b/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c
index 40101e0cb82..c54b7ea94e6 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ heap_vacuum_rel(Relation rel, VacuumParams *params,
 	/*
 	 * Report results to the stats collector, too.
 	 *
-	 * Deliberately avoid telling the stats collector about LP_DEAD items that
+	 * Deliberately avoid telling the stats subsystem about LP_DEAD items that
 	 * remain in the table due to VACUUM bypassing index and heap vacuuming.
 	 * ANALYZE will consider the remaining LP_DEAD items to be dead "tuples".
 	 * It seems like a good idea to err on the side of not vacuuming again too
diff --git a/src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c b/src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c
index 025d556f6ce..a0ba66ac034 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/rmgrdesc/xactdesc.c
@@ -84,6 +84,17 @@ ParseCommitRecord(uint8 info, xl_xact_commit *xlrec, xl_xact_parsed_commit *pars
 		data += xl_relfilenodes->nrels * sizeof(RelFileNode);
 	}
 
+	if (parsed->xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS)
+	{
+		xl_xact_dropped_stats *xl_drops = (xl_xact_dropped_stats *) data;
+
+		parsed->ndroppedstats = xl_drops->ndropped;
+		parsed->droppedstats = xl_drops->dropped_stats;
+
+		data += MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats;
+		data += xl_drops->ndropped * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem);
+	}
+
 	if (parsed->xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_INVALS)
 	{
 		xl_xact_invals *xl_invals = (xl_xact_invals *) data;
@@ -179,6 +190,17 @@ ParseAbortRecord(uint8 info, xl_xact_abort *xlrec, xl_xact_parsed_abort *parsed)
 		data += xl_relfilenodes->nrels * sizeof(RelFileNode);
 	}
 
+	if (parsed->xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS)
+	{
+		xl_xact_dropped_stats *xl_drops = (xl_xact_dropped_stats *) data;
+
+		parsed->ndroppedstats = xl_drops->ndropped;
+		parsed->droppedstats = xl_drops->dropped_stats;
+
+		data += MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats;
+		data += xl_drops->ndropped * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem);
+	}
+
 	if (parsed->xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_TWOPHASE)
 	{
 		xl_xact_twophase *xl_twophase = (xl_xact_twophase *) data;
@@ -244,6 +266,12 @@ ParsePrepareRecord(uint8 info, xl_xact_prepare *xlrec, xl_xact_parsed_prepare *p
 	parsed->abortnodes = (RelFileNode *) bufptr;
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(xlrec->nabortrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 
+	parsed->droppedstats = (PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *) bufptr;
+	bufptr += MAXALIGN(xlrec->ncommitdroppedstats * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+
+	parsed->abortdroppedstats = (PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *) bufptr;
+	bufptr += MAXALIGN(xlrec->nabortdroppedstats * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+
 	parsed->msgs = (SharedInvalidationMessage *) bufptr;
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(xlrec->ninvalmsgs * sizeof(SharedInvalidationMessage));
 }
@@ -280,6 +308,25 @@ xact_desc_subxacts(StringInfo buf, int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts)
 	}
 }
 
+static void
+xact_desc_dropped_stats(StringInfo buf, const char *label,
+						int ndropped, PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *dropped_stats)
+{
+	int			i;
+
+	if (ndropped > 0)
+	{
+		appendStringInfo(buf, "; %sdropped stats:", label);
+		for (i = 0; i < ndropped; i++)
+		{
+			appendStringInfo(buf, " %u/%u/%u",
+							 dropped_stats[i].kind,
+							 dropped_stats[i].dboid,
+							 dropped_stats[i].objoid);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static void
 xact_desc_commit(StringInfo buf, uint8 info, xl_xact_commit *xlrec, RepOriginId origin_id)
 {
@@ -295,6 +342,7 @@ xact_desc_commit(StringInfo buf, uint8 info, xl_xact_commit *xlrec, RepOriginId
 
 	xact_desc_relations(buf, "rels", parsed.nrels, parsed.xnodes);
 	xact_desc_subxacts(buf, parsed.nsubxacts, parsed.subxacts);
+	xact_desc_dropped_stats(buf, "", parsed.ndroppedstats, parsed.droppedstats);
 
 	standby_desc_invalidations(buf, parsed.nmsgs, parsed.msgs, parsed.dbId,
 							   parsed.tsId,
@@ -338,6 +386,8 @@ xact_desc_abort(StringInfo buf, uint8 info, xl_xact_abort *xlrec, RepOriginId or
 						 LSN_FORMAT_ARGS(parsed.origin_lsn),
 						 timestamptz_to_str(parsed.origin_timestamp));
 	}
+
+	xact_desc_dropped_stats(buf, "", parsed.ndroppedstats, parsed.droppedstats);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -353,6 +403,8 @@ xact_desc_prepare(StringInfo buf, uint8 info, xl_xact_prepare *xlrec, RepOriginI
 	xact_desc_relations(buf, "rels(commit)", parsed.nrels, parsed.xnodes);
 	xact_desc_relations(buf, "rels(abort)", parsed.nabortrels,
 						parsed.abortnodes);
+	xact_desc_dropped_stats(buf, "commit ", parsed.ndroppedstats, parsed.droppedstats);
+	xact_desc_dropped_stats(buf, "abort ", parsed.nabortdroppedstats, parsed.abortdroppedstats);
 	xact_desc_subxacts(buf, parsed.nsubxacts, parsed.subxacts);
 
 	standby_desc_invalidations(buf, parsed.nmsgs, parsed.msgs, parsed.dbId,
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c b/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c
index 874c8ed1256..c2aa88428de 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c
@@ -205,6 +205,8 @@ static void RecordTransactionCommitPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 											TransactionId *children,
 											int nrels,
 											RelFileNode *rels,
+											int ndroppedstats,
+											PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 											int ninvalmsgs,
 											SharedInvalidationMessage *invalmsgs,
 											bool initfileinval,
@@ -214,6 +216,8 @@ static void RecordTransactionAbortPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 										   TransactionId *children,
 										   int nrels,
 										   RelFileNode *rels,
+										   int ndroppedstats,
+										   PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 										   const char *gid);
 static void ProcessRecords(char *bufptr, TransactionId xid,
 						   const TwoPhaseCallback callbacks[]);
@@ -1046,6 +1050,8 @@ StartPrepare(GlobalTransaction gxact)
 	TransactionId *children;
 	RelFileNode *commitrels;
 	RelFileNode *abortrels;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *abortdroppedstats = NULL;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *commitdroppedstats = NULL;
 	SharedInvalidationMessage *invalmsgs;
 
 	/* Initialize linked list */
@@ -1071,6 +1077,10 @@ StartPrepare(GlobalTransaction gxact)
 	hdr.nsubxacts = xactGetCommittedChildren(&children);
 	hdr.ncommitrels = smgrGetPendingDeletes(true, &commitrels);
 	hdr.nabortrels = smgrGetPendingDeletes(false, &abortrels);
+	hdr.ncommitdroppedstats =
+		pgstat_pending_stats_drops(true, &commitdroppedstats);
+	hdr.nabortdroppedstats =
+		pgstat_pending_stats_drops(false, &abortdroppedstats);
 	hdr.ninvalmsgs = xactGetCommittedInvalidationMessages(&invalmsgs,
 														  &hdr.initfileinval);
 	hdr.gidlen = strlen(gxact->gid) + 1;	/* Include '\0' */
@@ -1101,6 +1111,20 @@ StartPrepare(GlobalTransaction gxact)
 		save_state_data(abortrels, hdr.nabortrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 		pfree(abortrels);
 	}
+	if (hdr.ncommitdroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		save_state_data(commitdroppedstats,
+						hdr.ncommitdroppedstats
+						* sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+		pfree(commitdroppedstats);
+	}
+	if (hdr.nabortdroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		save_state_data(abortdroppedstats,
+						hdr.nabortdroppedstats
+						* sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+		pfree(abortdroppedstats);
+	}
 	if (hdr.ninvalmsgs > 0)
 	{
 		save_state_data(invalmsgs,
@@ -1471,6 +1495,8 @@ FinishPreparedTransaction(const char *gid, bool isCommit)
 	RelFileNode *abortrels;
 	RelFileNode *delrels;
 	int			ndelrels;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *commitdroppedstats;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *abortdroppedstats;
 	SharedInvalidationMessage *invalmsgs;
 
 	/*
@@ -1505,6 +1531,12 @@ FinishPreparedTransaction(const char *gid, bool isCommit)
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ncommitrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 	abortrels = (RelFileNode *) bufptr;
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nabortrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
+	commitdroppedstats = (PgStat_DroppedStatsItem*) bufptr;
+	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ncommitdroppedstats
+					   * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+	abortdroppedstats = (PgStat_DroppedStatsItem*) bufptr;
+	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nabortdroppedstats
+					   * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
 	invalmsgs = (SharedInvalidationMessage *) bufptr;
 	bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ninvalmsgs * sizeof(SharedInvalidationMessage));
 
@@ -1526,12 +1558,16 @@ FinishPreparedTransaction(const char *gid, bool isCommit)
 		RecordTransactionCommitPrepared(xid,
 										hdr->nsubxacts, children,
 										hdr->ncommitrels, commitrels,
+										hdr->ncommitdroppedstats,
+										commitdroppedstats,
 										hdr->ninvalmsgs, invalmsgs,
 										hdr->initfileinval, gid);
 	else
 		RecordTransactionAbortPrepared(xid,
 									   hdr->nsubxacts, children,
 									   hdr->nabortrels, abortrels,
+									   hdr->nabortdroppedstats,
+									   abortdroppedstats,
 									   gid);
 
 	ProcArrayRemove(proc, latestXid);
@@ -1567,6 +1603,13 @@ FinishPreparedTransaction(const char *gid, bool isCommit)
 	/* Make sure files supposed to be dropped are dropped */
 	DropRelationFiles(delrels, ndelrels, false);
 
+	if (isCommit)
+		pgstat_perform_drops(hdr->ncommitdroppedstats,
+							 commitdroppedstats, false);
+	else
+		pgstat_perform_drops(hdr->nabortdroppedstats,
+							 abortdroppedstats, false);
+
 	/*
 	 * Handle cache invalidation messages.
 	 *
@@ -2065,6 +2108,10 @@ RecoverPreparedTransactions(void)
 		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nsubxacts * sizeof(TransactionId));
 		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ncommitrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nabortrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
+		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ncommitdroppedstats
+						   * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->nabortdroppedstats
+						   * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
 		bufptr += MAXALIGN(hdr->ninvalmsgs * sizeof(SharedInvalidationMessage));
 
 		/*
@@ -2247,6 +2294,8 @@ RecordTransactionCommitPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 								TransactionId *children,
 								int nrels,
 								RelFileNode *rels,
+								int ndroppedstats,
+								PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 								int ninvalmsgs,
 								SharedInvalidationMessage *invalmsgs,
 								bool initfileinval,
@@ -2275,6 +2324,7 @@ RecordTransactionCommitPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 	 */
 	recptr = XactLogCommitRecord(committs,
 								 nchildren, children, nrels, rels,
+								 ndroppedstats, droppedstats,
 								 ninvalmsgs, invalmsgs,
 								 initfileinval,
 								 MyXactFlags | XACT_FLAGS_ACQUIREDACCESSEXCLUSIVELOCK,
@@ -2341,6 +2391,8 @@ RecordTransactionAbortPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 							   TransactionId *children,
 							   int nrels,
 							   RelFileNode *rels,
+							   int ndroppedstats,
+							   PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 							   const char *gid)
 {
 	XLogRecPtr	recptr;
@@ -2371,6 +2423,7 @@ RecordTransactionAbortPrepared(TransactionId xid,
 	recptr = XactLogAbortRecord(GetCurrentTimestamp(),
 								nchildren, children,
 								nrels, rels,
+								ndroppedstats, droppedstats,
 								MyXactFlags | XACT_FLAGS_ACQUIREDACCESSEXCLUSIVELOCK,
 								xid, gid);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c b/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
index adf763a8ea4..3548794473a 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
@@ -1285,6 +1285,8 @@ RecordTransactionCommit(void)
 	RelFileNode *rels;
 	int			nchildren;
 	TransactionId *children;
+	int			ndroppedstats = 0;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats = NULL;
 	int			nmsgs = 0;
 	SharedInvalidationMessage *invalMessages = NULL;
 	bool		RelcacheInitFileInval = false;
@@ -1303,6 +1305,7 @@ RecordTransactionCommit(void)
 	/* Get data needed for commit record */
 	nrels = smgrGetPendingDeletes(true, &rels);
 	nchildren = xactGetCommittedChildren(&children);
+	ndroppedstats = pgstat_pending_stats_drops(true, &droppedstats);
 	if (XLogStandbyInfoActive())
 		nmsgs = xactGetCommittedInvalidationMessages(&invalMessages,
 													 &RelcacheInitFileInval);
@@ -1317,10 +1320,12 @@ RecordTransactionCommit(void)
 		/*
 		 * We expect that every RelationDropStorage is followed by a catalog
 		 * update, and hence XID assignment, so we shouldn't get here with any
-		 * pending deletes.  Use a real test not just an Assert to check this,
-		 * since it's a bit fragile.
+		 * pending deletes. Same is true for dropping stats.
+		 *
+		 * Use a real test not just an Assert to check this, since it's a bit
+		 * fragile.
 		 */
-		if (nrels != 0)
+		if (nrels != 0 || ndroppedstats != 0)
 			elog(ERROR, "cannot commit a transaction that deleted files but has no xid");
 
 		/* Can't have child XIDs either; AssignTransactionId enforces this */
@@ -1394,6 +1399,7 @@ RecordTransactionCommit(void)
 
 		XactLogCommitRecord(xactStopTimestamp,
 							nchildren, children, nrels, rels,
+							ndroppedstats, droppedstats,
 							nmsgs, invalMessages,
 							RelcacheInitFileInval,
 							MyXactFlags,
@@ -1697,6 +1703,8 @@ RecordTransactionAbort(bool isSubXact)
 	TransactionId latestXid;
 	int			nrels;
 	RelFileNode *rels;
+	int			ndroppedstats = 0;
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats = NULL;
 	int			nchildren;
 	TransactionId *children;
 	TimestampTz xact_time;
@@ -1733,6 +1741,7 @@ RecordTransactionAbort(bool isSubXact)
 	/* Fetch the data we need for the abort record */
 	nrels = smgrGetPendingDeletes(false, &rels);
 	nchildren = xactGetCommittedChildren(&children);
+	ndroppedstats = pgstat_pending_stats_drops(false, &droppedstats);
 
 	/* XXX do we really need a critical section here? */
 	START_CRIT_SECTION();
@@ -1749,6 +1758,7 @@ RecordTransactionAbort(bool isSubXact)
 	XactLogAbortRecord(xact_time,
 					   nchildren, children,
 					   nrels, rels,
+					   ndroppedstats, droppedstats,
 					   MyXactFlags, InvalidTransactionId,
 					   NULL);
 
@@ -5571,6 +5581,7 @@ XLogRecPtr
 XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 					int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts,
 					int nrels, RelFileNode *rels,
+					int ndroppedstats, PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 					int nmsgs, SharedInvalidationMessage *msgs,
 					bool relcacheInval,
 					int xactflags, TransactionId twophase_xid,
@@ -5581,6 +5592,7 @@ XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 	xl_xact_dbinfo xl_dbinfo;
 	xl_xact_subxacts xl_subxacts;
 	xl_xact_relfilenodes xl_relfilenodes;
+	xl_xact_dropped_stats xl_dropped_stats;
 	xl_xact_invals xl_invals;
 	xl_xact_twophase xl_twophase;
 	xl_xact_origin xl_origin;
@@ -5638,6 +5650,12 @@ XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 		info |= XLR_SPECIAL_REL_UPDATE;
 	}
 
+	if (ndroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		xl_xinfo.xinfo |= XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS;
+		xl_dropped_stats.ndropped = ndroppedstats;
+	}
+
 	if (nmsgs > 0)
 	{
 		xl_xinfo.xinfo |= XACT_XINFO_HAS_INVALS;
@@ -5694,6 +5712,14 @@ XactLogCommitRecord(TimestampTz commit_time,
 						 nrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 	}
 
+	if (xl_xinfo.xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS)
+	{
+		XLogRegisterData((char *) (&xl_dropped_stats),
+						 MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats);
+		XLogRegisterData((char *) droppedstats,
+						 ndroppedstats * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+	}
+
 	if (xl_xinfo.xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_INVALS)
 	{
 		XLogRegisterData((char *) (&xl_invals), MinSizeOfXactInvals);
@@ -5727,6 +5753,7 @@ XLogRecPtr
 XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 				   int nsubxacts, TransactionId *subxacts,
 				   int nrels, RelFileNode *rels,
+				   int ndroppedstats, PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *droppedstats,
 				   int xactflags, TransactionId twophase_xid,
 				   const char *twophase_gid)
 {
@@ -5734,6 +5761,7 @@ XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 	xl_xact_xinfo xl_xinfo;
 	xl_xact_subxacts xl_subxacts;
 	xl_xact_relfilenodes xl_relfilenodes;
+	xl_xact_dropped_stats xl_dropped_stats;
 	xl_xact_twophase xl_twophase;
 	xl_xact_dbinfo xl_dbinfo;
 	xl_xact_origin xl_origin;
@@ -5771,6 +5799,12 @@ XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 		info |= XLR_SPECIAL_REL_UPDATE;
 	}
 
+	if (ndroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		xl_xinfo.xinfo |= XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS;
+		xl_dropped_stats.ndropped = ndroppedstats;
+	}
+
 	if (TransactionIdIsValid(twophase_xid))
 	{
 		xl_xinfo.xinfo |= XACT_XINFO_HAS_TWOPHASE;
@@ -5832,6 +5866,14 @@ XactLogAbortRecord(TimestampTz abort_time,
 						 nrels * sizeof(RelFileNode));
 	}
 
+	if (xl_xinfo.xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_DROPPED_STATS)
+	{
+		XLogRegisterData((char *) (&xl_dropped_stats),
+						 MinSizeOfXactDroppedStats);
+		XLogRegisterData((char *) droppedstats,
+						 ndroppedstats * sizeof(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem));
+	}
+
 	if (xl_xinfo.xinfo & XACT_XINFO_HAS_TWOPHASE)
 	{
 		XLogRegisterData((char *) (&xl_twophase), sizeof(xl_xact_twophase));
@@ -5965,6 +6007,13 @@ xact_redo_commit(xl_xact_parsed_commit *parsed,
 		DropRelationFiles(parsed->xnodes, parsed->nrels, true);
 	}
 
+	if (parsed->ndroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		XLogFlush(lsn);
+
+		pgstat_perform_drops(parsed->ndroppedstats, parsed->droppedstats, true);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * We issue an XLogFlush() for the same reason we emit ForceSyncCommit()
 	 * in normal operation. For example, in CREATE DATABASE, we copy all files
@@ -6067,6 +6116,13 @@ xact_redo_abort(xl_xact_parsed_abort *parsed, TransactionId xid,
 
 		DropRelationFiles(parsed->xnodes, parsed->nrels, true);
 	}
+
+	if (parsed->ndroppedstats > 0)
+	{
+		XLogFlush(lsn);
+
+		pgstat_perform_drops(parsed->ndroppedstats, parsed->droppedstats, true);
+	}
 }
 
 void
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
index 0d2bd7a3576..346440a2798 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
@@ -1854,7 +1854,7 @@ AdvanceXLInsertBuffer(XLogRecPtr upto, TimeLineID tli, bool opportunistic)
 					WriteRqst.Flush = 0;
 					XLogWrite(WriteRqst, tli, false);
 					LWLockRelease(WALWriteLock);
-					WalStats.m_wal_buffers_full++;
+					WalStats.wal_buffers_full++;
 					TRACE_POSTGRESQL_WAL_BUFFER_WRITE_DIRTY_DONE();
 				}
 				/* Re-acquire WALBufMappingLock and retry */
@@ -2212,10 +2212,10 @@ XLogWrite(XLogwrtRqst WriteRqst, TimeLineID tli, bool flexible)
 
 					INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 					INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-					WalStats.m_wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+					WalStats.wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 				}
 
-				WalStats.m_wal_write++;
+				WalStats.wal_write++;
 
 				if (written <= 0)
 				{
@@ -5193,9 +5193,12 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * Reset pgstat data, because it may be invalid after recovery.
+		 * Reset pgstat data, because it may be invalid after recovery. It's
+		 * safe to do this here, because postmaster will not yet have started
+		 * any other processes. NB: This basically just skips loading the data
+		 * from disk, see pgstat_restore_stats() call in clean-startup path.
 		 */
-		pgstat_reset_all();
+		pgstat_discard_stats();
 
 		/* Check that the GUCs used to generate the WAL allow recovery */
 		CheckRequiredParameterValues();
@@ -5287,8 +5290,13 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 		performedWalRecovery = true;
 	}
 	else
+	{
 		performedWalRecovery = false;
 
+		/* XXX: better location */
+		pgstat_restore_stats();
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Finish WAL recovery.
 	 */
@@ -6089,8 +6097,8 @@ LogCheckpointEnd(bool restartpoint)
 												 CheckpointStats.ckpt_sync_end_t);
 
 	/* Accumulate checkpoint timing summary data, in milliseconds. */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
 
 	/*
 	 * All of the published timing statistics are accounted for.  Only
@@ -8004,10 +8012,10 @@ issue_xlog_fsync(int fd, XLogSegNo segno, TimeLineID tli)
 
 		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-		WalStats.m_wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+		WalStats.wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 	}
 
-	WalStats.m_wal_sync++;
+	WalStats.wal_sync++;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
index 7e99de88b34..53b5a0dad99 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@
 #include "parser/parse_relation.h"
 #include "parser/parsetree.h"
 #include "partitioning/partdesc.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
 #include "storage/predicate.h"
 #include "storage/smgr.h"
@@ -1491,6 +1492,9 @@ heap_create_with_catalog(const char *relname,
 	if (oncommit != ONCOMMIT_NOOP)
 		register_on_commit_action(relid, oncommit);
 
+	/* ensure that stats are dropped if transaction aborts */
+	pgstat_create_relation(new_rel_desc);
+
 	/*
 	 * ok, the relation has been cataloged, so close our relations and return
 	 * the OID of the newly created relation.
@@ -1992,6 +1996,9 @@ heap_drop_with_catalog(Oid relid)
 	if (RELKIND_HAS_STORAGE(rel->rd_rel->relkind))
 		RelationDropStorage(rel);
 
+	/* ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits */
+	pgstat_drop_relation(rel);
+
 	/*
 	 * Close relcache entry, but *keep* AccessExclusiveLock on the relation
 	 * until transaction commit.  This ensures no one else will try to do
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
index 12521c77c3c..2ba872c88e0 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "parser/analyze.h"
 #include "parser/parse_coerce.h"
 #include "parser/parse_type.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
 #include "rewrite/rewriteHandler.h"
 #include "tcop/pquery.h"
 #include "tcop/tcopprot.h"
@@ -709,6 +710,10 @@ ProcedureCreate(const char *procedureName,
 			AtEOXact_GUC(true, save_nestlevel);
 	}
 
+	/* ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits */
+	if (!is_update)
+		pgstat_create_function(retval);
+
 	return myself;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c b/src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c
index c37e3c9a9a4..bc35f0f80cc 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ dropdb(const char *dbname, bool missing_ok, bool force)
 	DropDatabaseBuffers(db_id);
 
 	/*
-	 * Tell the stats collector to forget it immediately, too.
+	 * Tell the activity stats subsystem to forget it immediately, too.
 	 */
 	pgstat_drop_database(db_id);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c b/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
index 25b75375a8e..91f02a7eb2c 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
@@ -1325,6 +1325,8 @@ RemoveFunctionById(Oid funcOid)
 
 	table_close(relation, RowExclusiveLock);
 
+	pgstat_drop_function(funcOid);
+
 	/*
 	 * If there's a pg_aggregate tuple, delete that too.
 	 */
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c
index 05e7b60059d..db0a4501314 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c
@@ -338,10 +338,10 @@ ExecRefreshMatView(RefreshMatViewStmt *stmt, const char *queryString,
 		refresh_by_heap_swap(matviewOid, OIDNewHeap, relpersistence);
 
 		/*
-		 * Inform stats collector about our activity: basically, we truncated
-		 * the matview and inserted some new data.  (The concurrent code path
-		 * above doesn't need to worry about this because the inserts and
-		 * deletes it issues get counted by lower-level code.)
+		 * Inform activity stats facility about our activity: basically, we
+		 * truncated the matview and inserted some new data.  (The concurrent
+		 * code path above doesn't need to worry about this because the inserts
+		 * and deletes it issues get counted by lower-level code.)
 		 */
 		pgstat_count_truncate(matviewRel);
 		if (!stmt->skipData)
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
index 50a4a612e58..531b41d9406 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
@@ -352,8 +352,8 @@ vacuum(List *relations, VacuumParams *params,
 				 errmsg("PROCESS_TOAST required with VACUUM FULL")));
 
 	/*
-	 * Send info about dead objects to the statistics collector, unless we are
-	 * in autovacuum --- autovacuum.c does this for itself.
+	 * Send info about dead objects to the activity statistics facility, unless
+	 * we are in autovacuum --- autovacuum.c does this for itself.
 	 */
 	if ((params->options & VACOPT_VACUUM) && !IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
 		pgstat_vacuum_stat();
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
index 974a29e7a96..6b4f742578e 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include "access/amapi.h"
 #include "access/table.h"
+#include "access/xact.h"
 #include "catalog/index.h"
 #include "commands/vacuum.h"
 #include "optimizer/paths.h"
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "storage/bufmgr.h"
 #include "tcop/tcopprot.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
+#include "utils/rel.h"
 
 /*
  * DSM keys for parallel vacuum.  Unlike other parallel execution code, since
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
index 681ef91b81e..aa51228117c 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
@@ -342,9 +342,6 @@ static void autovacuum_do_vac_analyze(autovac_table *tab,
 									  BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy);
 static AutoVacOpts *extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup,
 										 TupleDesc pg_class_desc);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry);
 static void perform_work_item(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem);
 static void autovac_report_activity(autovac_table *tab);
 static void autovac_report_workitem(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem,
@@ -1689,7 +1686,7 @@ AutoVacWorkerMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 		char		dbname[NAMEDATALEN];
 
 		/*
-		 * Report autovac startup to the stats collector.  We deliberately do
+		 * Report autovac startup to the stats system.  We deliberately do
 		 * this before InitPostgres, so that the last_autovac_time will get
 		 * updated even if the connection attempt fails.  This is to prevent
 		 * autovac from getting "stuck" repeatedly selecting an unopenable
@@ -1966,8 +1963,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	HASHCTL		ctl;
 	HTAB	   *table_toast_map;
 	ListCell   *volatile cell;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy;
 	ScanKeyData key;
 	TupleDesc	pg_class_desc;
@@ -1986,19 +1981,13 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 										  ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/*
-	 * may be NULL if we couldn't find an entry (only happens if we are
-	 * forcing a vacuum for anti-wrap purposes).
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-
 	/* Start a transaction so our commands have one to play into. */
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
 	/*
-	 * Clean up any dead statistics collector entries for this DB. We always
-	 * want to do this exactly once per DB-processing cycle, even if we find
-	 * nothing worth vacuuming in the database.
+	 * Clean up any dead statistics entries for this DB. We always want to do
+	 * this exactly once per DB-processing cycle, even if we find nothing
+	 * worth vacuuming in the database.
 	 */
 	pgstat_vacuum_stat();
 
@@ -2039,9 +2028,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	/* StartTransactionCommand changed elsewhere */
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/* The database hash where pgstat keeps shared relations */
-	shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-
 	classRel = table_open(RelationRelationId, AccessShareLock);
 
 	/* create a copy so we can use it after closing pg_class */
@@ -2119,8 +2105,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 
 		/* Fetch reloptions and the pgstat entry for this table */
 		relopts = extract_autovac_opts(tuple, pg_class_desc);
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(classForm->relisshared,
+													   relid);
 
 		/* Check if it needs vacuum or analyze */
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
@@ -2203,8 +2189,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 		}
 
 		/* Fetch the pgstat entry for this table */
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(classForm->relisshared,
+													   relid);
 
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
 								  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -2768,29 +2754,6 @@ extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup, TupleDesc pg_class_desc)
 	return av;
 }
 
-/*
- * get_pgstat_tabentry_relid
- *
- * Fetch the pgstat entry of a table, either local to a database or shared.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared, PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-						  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry = NULL;
-
-	if (isshared)
-	{
-		if (PointerIsValid(shared))
-			tabentry = hash_search(shared->tables, &relid,
-								   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	}
-	else if (PointerIsValid(dbentry))
-		tabentry = hash_search(dbentry->tables, &relid,
-							   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-
-	return tabentry;
-}
 
 /*
  * table_recheck_autovac
@@ -3001,17 +2964,10 @@ recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
 								  bool *wraparound)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared = NULL;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry = NULL;
-
-	if (classForm->relisshared)
-		shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-	else
-		dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
 
 	/* fetch the pgstat table entry */
-	tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-										 shared, dbentry);
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(classForm->relisshared,
+												   relid);
 
 	relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm, tabentry,
 							  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -3041,7 +2997,7 @@ recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
  *
  * For analyze, the analysis done is that the number of tuples inserted,
  * deleted and updated since the last analyze exceeds a threshold calculated
- * in the same fashion as above.  Note that the collector actually stores
+ * in the same fashion as above.  Note that the stats system stores
  * the number of tuples (both live and dead) that there were as of the last
  * analyze.  This is asymmetric to the VACUUM case.
  *
@@ -3052,7 +3008,7 @@ recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
  * A table whose autovacuum_enabled option is false is
  * automatically skipped (unless we have to vacuum it due to freeze_max_age).
  * Thus autovacuum can be disabled for specific tables. Also, when the stats
- * collector does not have data about a table, it will be skipped.
+ * system does not have data about a table, it will be skipped.
  *
  * A table whose vac_base_thresh value is < 0 takes the base value from the
  * autovacuum_vacuum_threshold GUC variable.  Similarly, a vac_scale_factor
@@ -3484,6 +3440,8 @@ AutoVacuumShmemInit(void)
  *
  * Note: we avoid throttling in the autovac worker, as it would be
  * counterproductive in the recheck logic.
+ *
+ * FIXME: Shouldn't be needed anymore
  */
 static void
 autovac_refresh_stats(void)
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c b/src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c
index d1f5d12eff8..9fd09d3196b 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/bgwriter.c
@@ -241,9 +241,9 @@ BackgroundWriterMain(void)
 		can_hibernate = BgBufferSync(&wb_context);
 
 		/*
-		 * Send off activity statistics to the stats collector
+		 * Send off activity statistics to the stats system
 		 */
-		pgstat_send_bgwriter();
+		pgstat_report_bgwriter();
 
 		if (FirstCallSinceLastCheckpoint())
 		{
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
index 4488e3a4435..60d1a0d527e 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
@@ -212,6 +212,16 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 	 */
 	last_checkpoint_time = last_xlog_switch_time = (pg_time_t) time(NULL);
 
+	/*
+	 * Write out stats after shutdown. This needs to be called by exactly one
+	 * process during a normal shutdown, and since checkpointer is shut down
+	 * very late...
+	 *
+	 * XXX: Are there potential issues with walsenders reporting stats at a
+	 * later time?
+	 */
+	before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
+
 	/*
 	 * Create a memory context that we will do all our work in.  We do this so
 	 * that we can reset the context during error recovery and thereby avoid
@@ -358,7 +368,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (((volatile CheckpointerShmemStruct *) CheckpointerShmem)->ckpt_flags)
 		{
 			do_checkpoint = true;
-			PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+			PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -372,7 +382,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (elapsed_secs >= CheckPointTimeout)
 		{
 			if (!do_checkpoint)
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_timed_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.timed_checkpoints++;
 			do_checkpoint = true;
 			flags |= CHECKPOINT_CAUSE_TIME;
 		}
@@ -489,13 +499,9 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		/* Check for archive_timeout and switch xlog files if necessary. */
 		CheckArchiveTimeout();
 
-		/*
-		 * Send off activity statistics to the stats collector.
-		 */
-		pgstat_send_checkpointer();
-
-		/* Send WAL statistics to the stats collector. */
-		pgstat_send_wal(true);
+		/* Report pending stats */
+		pgstat_report_checkpointer();
+		pgstat_report_wal(false);
 
 		/*
 		 * If any checkpoint flags have been set, redo the loop to handle the
@@ -570,10 +576,10 @@ HandleCheckpointerInterrupts(void)
 		 * updates the statistics, increment the checkpoint request and send
 		 * the statistics to the stats collector.
 		 */
-		PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+		PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		ShutdownXLOG(0, 0);
-		pgstat_send_checkpointer();
-		pgstat_send_wal(true);
+		pgstat_report_checkpointer();
+		pgstat_report_wal(true);
 
 		/* Normal exit from the checkpointer is here */
 		proc_exit(0);			/* done */
@@ -718,7 +724,7 @@ CheckpointWriteDelay(int flags, double progress)
 		/*
 		 * Report interim activity statistics.
 		 */
-		pgstat_send_checkpointer();
+		pgstat_report_checkpointer();
 
 		/*
 		 * This sleep used to be connected to bgwriter_delay, typically 200ms.
@@ -1262,9 +1268,9 @@ AbsorbSyncRequests(void)
 	LWLockAcquire(CheckpointerCommLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
 
 	/* Transfer stats counts into pending pgstats message */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_fsync_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_fsync_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_fsync;
 
 	CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c b/src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c
index d916ed39a8c..52f5a0f0e96 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c
@@ -477,20 +477,20 @@ pgarch_ArchiverCopyLoop(void)
 				pgarch_archiveDone(xlog);
 
 				/*
-				 * Tell the collector about the WAL file that we successfully
-				 * archived
+				 * Tell the activity statistics facility about the WAL file
+				 * that we successfully archived
 				 */
-				pgstat_send_archiver(xlog, false);
+				pgstat_report_archiver(xlog, false);
 
 				break;			/* out of inner retry loop */
 			}
 			else
 			{
 				/*
-				 * Tell the collector about the WAL file that we failed to
-				 * archive
+				 * Tell the activity statistics facility about the WAL file
+				 * that we failed to archive
 				 */
-				pgstat_send_archiver(xlog, true);
+				pgstat_report_archiver(xlog, true);
 
 				if (++failures >= NUM_ARCHIVE_RETRIES)
 				{
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
index fc104b52603..fb4e858332a 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
@@ -1,74 +1,51 @@
 /* ----------
  * pgstat.c
+ *	  Activity statistics infrastructure.
  *
- *	All the statistics collector stuff hacked up in one big, ugly file.
+ * Provides the infrastructure to collect and access activity statistics,
+ * e.g. per-table access statistics, of all backends in shared memory.
  *
- *	TODO:	- Separate collector, postmaster and backend stuff
- *			  into different files.
+ * For many times of statistics pending stats updates are first accumulated
+ * locally in each process, then later flushed to shared memory (just after
+ * commit, or by idle-timeout)
  *
- *			- Add some automatic call for pgstat vacuuming.
+ * To avoid congestion on the shared memory, shared stats is updated no more
+ * often than once per PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL (10000ms). If some local numbers
+ * remain unflushed for lock failure, retry with intervals that is initially
+ * PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL (1000ms) then doubled at every retry. Finally we
+ * force update after PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL (60000ms) since the first trial.
  *
- *			- Add a pgstat config column to pg_database, so this
- *			  entire thing can be enabled/disabled on a per db basis.
+ * AFIXME: Isn't PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL way too long? What is the justification
+ * for increasing it?
  *
- *	Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * NB: Code for individual kinds of statistics belongs into pgstat_*.c
+ * whenever possible, not here.
  *
- *	src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *	  src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
  * ----------
  */
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <netdb.h>
-#include <netinet/in.h>
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
-#include <sys/select.h>
-#endif
 
-#include "access/heapam.h"
-#include "access/htup_details.h"
-#include "access/tableam.h"
 #include "access/transam.h"
 #include "access/xact.h"
-#include "catalog/catalog.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_database.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_subscription.h"
-#include "common/ip.h"
-#include "libpq/libpq.h"
-#include "libpq/pqsignal.h"
-#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
+#include "common/hashfn.h"
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
-#include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
-#include "postmaster/fork_process.h"
-#include "postmaster/interrupt.h"
-#include "postmaster/postmaster.h"
+#include "port/atomics.h"
 #include "replication/slot.h"
-#include "replication/walsender.h"
-#include "storage/backendid.h"
-#include "storage/dsm.h"
 #include "storage/fd.h"
 #include "storage/ipc.h"
-#include "storage/latch.h"
-#include "storage/lmgr.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
 #include "storage/pg_shmem.h"
-#include "storage/proc.h"
-#include "storage/procsignal.h"
-#include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/guc.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
-#include "utils/ps_status.h"
-#include "utils/rel.h"
-#include "utils/snapmgr.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
@@ -76,25 +53,77 @@
  * Timer definitions.
  * ----------
  */
+#define PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL			10000	/* Minimum interval of stats data
+											 * updates; in milliseconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY		10	/* How long to wait between checks for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL	1000	/* Initial retry interval after
+											 * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL */
 
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME	10000	/* Maximum time to wait for a stats
-										 * file update; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL			60000	/* Longest interval of stats data
+											 * updates */
 
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL		640 /* How often to ping the collector for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL 60	/* How often to attempt to restart a
-									 * failed statistics collector; in
-									 * seconds. */
+/* ----------
+ * The initial size hints for the hash tables used in the activity statistics.
+ * ----------
+ */
+#define PGSTAT_TABLE_HASH_SIZE	512
 
-#define PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
 
-/* Minimum receive buffer size for the collector's socket. */
-#define PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF		(100 * 1024)
+/* hash table entry for finding the PgStatSharedRef for a key */
+typedef struct PgStatSharedRefHashEntry
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;			/* hash key */
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+} PgStatSharedRefHashEntry;
+
+/* hash table for statistics snapshots entry */
+typedef struct PgStatSnapshotEntry
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	void	   *data;			/* the stats data itself */
+} PgStatSnapshotEntry;
+
+typedef struct PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem
+{
+	PgStat_DroppedStatsItem item;
+	bool is_create;
+	dlist_node	node;
+} PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Hash Table Types
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/* for references to shared statistics entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_shared_ref_hash
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStatSharedRefHashEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStatHashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	hash_bytes((unsigned char *)&key, sizeof(PgStatHashKey))
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStatHashKey)) == 0)
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
+
+/* for stats snapshot entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_snapshot
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStatSnapshotEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStatHashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	hash_bytes((unsigned char *)&key, sizeof(PgStatHashKey))
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStatHashKey)) == 0)
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -102,63 +131,28 @@
  * ----------
  */
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-static pid_t pgstat_forkexec(void);
-#endif
-
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
-
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry,
-												 Oid tableoid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_get_subscription_entry(Oid subid, bool create);
-static void pgstat_reset_subscription(PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry, TimestampTz ts);
-static void pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs);
-static void pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent);
-static HTAB *pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep);
-static void pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-									 bool permanent);
-static void backend_read_statsfile(void);
-
-static bool pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void);
-static bool pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid);
-
-static PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_get_replslot_entry(NameData name, bool create_it);
-static void pgstat_reset_replslot(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotstats, TimestampTz ts);
-
-static HTAB *pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid);
-
 static void pgstat_setup_memcxt(void);
+static void pgstat_write_statsfile(void);
+static void pgstat_read_statsfile(void);
 
-static void pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_connect(PgStat_MsgConnect *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_disconnect(PgStat_MsgDisconnect *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int len);
+static PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *pgstat_shared_stat_entry_init(PgStatKind kind,
+																PgStatShmHashEntry *shhashent,
+																int init_refcount);
+static void pgstat_shared_ref_release(PgStatHashKey key, PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref);
+static inline size_t shared_stat_entry_len(PgStatKind kind);
+static inline void* shared_stat_entry_data(PgStatKind kind, PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *entry);
+
+static bool pgstat_shared_refs_need_gc(void);
+static void pgstat_shared_refs_gc(void);
+
+static void pgstat_shared_refs_release_all(void);
+
+static void pgstat_perform_drop(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *drop);
+static bool pgstat_drop_stats_entry(dshash_seq_status *hstat);
+
+static void pgstat_pending_delete(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref);
+
+static bool pgstat_pending_flush_stats(bool nowait);
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -167,6 +161,7 @@ static void pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int
  */
 
 bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
+int			pgstat_fetch_consistency = STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -175,49 +170,68 @@ bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
  */
 
 char	   *pgstat_stat_directory = NULL;
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 char	   *pgstat_stat_filename = NULL;
 char	   *pgstat_stat_tmpname = NULL;
 
 
 /* ----------
- * Local data
+ * Stats shared memory state
  * ----------
  */
 
-static struct sockaddr_storage pgStatAddr;
+/* backend-lifetime storages */
+PgStatShmemGlobal *pgStatShmem = NULL;
+static dsa_area *pgStatDSA = NULL;
+/* The shared hash to index activity stats entries. */
+static dshash_table *pgStatSharedHash = NULL;
 
-pgsocket pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
 
-static time_t last_pgstat_start_time;
+/* ----------
+ * Local data
+ *
+ * NB: There should be only variables related to stats infrastructure here,
+ * not for specific types of stats.
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Backend local references to shared stats entries. If there are pending
+ * updates to a stats entry, the PgStatSharedRef is added to the pgStatPending
+ * list.
+ *
+ * When a stats entry is dropped each backend needs to release its reference
+ * to it before the memory can be released. To trigger that
+ * pgStatShmem->gc_count is incremented - which each backend compares to their
+ * copy of pgStatSharedRefAge on a regular basis.
+ */
+static pgstat_shared_ref_hash_hash *pgStatSharedRefHash = NULL;
+static int	pgStatSharedRefAge = 0;	/* cache age of pgStatShmLookupCache */
+
+/*
+ * List of PgStatSharedRefs with unflushed pending stats.
+ *
+ * Newly pending entries should only ever be added to the end of the list,
+ * otherwise pgstat_pending_flush_stats() might not see them immediately.
+ */
+static dlist_head pgStatPending = DLIST_STATIC_INIT(pgStatPending);
+
+/*
+ * Memory context containing the pgStatSharedRefHash table, the
+ * pgStatSharedRef entries, and pending data. Mostly to make it easier to
+ * track memory usage.
+ */
+static MemoryContext pgStatSharedRefContext = NULL;
 
-static bool pgStatRunningInCollector = false;
 
 static PgStat_SubXactStatus *pgStatXactStack = NULL;
 
-/*
- * Info about current "snapshot" of stats file
- */
-static MemoryContext pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-static HTAB *pgStatDBHash = NULL;
 
 /*
- * Cluster wide statistics, kept in the stats collector.
- * Contains statistics that are not collected per database
- * or per table.
+ * Force the next stats flush to happen regardless of
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL. Useful in test scripts.
  */
-static PgStat_ArchiverStats archiverStats;
-static PgStat_GlobalStats globalStats;
-static PgStat_WalStats walStats;
-static PgStat_SLRUStats slruStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-static HTAB *replSlotStatHash = NULL;
-static HTAB *subscriptionStatHash = NULL;
-
-/*
- * List of OIDs of databases we need to write out.  If an entry is InvalidOid,
- * it means to write only the shared-catalog stats ("DB 0"); otherwise, we
- * will write both that DB's data and the shared stats.
- */
-static List *pending_write_requests = NIL;
+static bool pgStatForceNextFlush = false;
 
 /*
  * For assertions that check pgstat is not used before initialization / after
@@ -229,492 +243,384 @@ static bool pgstat_is_shutdown = false;
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+ * The current statistics snapshot
+ */
+PgStatSnapshot stats_snapshot;
+/* to free snapshot in bulk */
+static MemoryContext pgStatSnapshotContext = NULL;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Constants
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Define the different kinds of statistics. If reasonably possible, handling
+ * specific to one kind of stats should go through this abstraction, rather
+ * than making more of pgstat.c aware.
+ *
+ * See comments for struct pgstat_kind_info for details about the individual
+ * fields.
+ *
+ * XXX: It'd be nicer to define this outside of this file. But there doesn't
+ * seem to be a great way of doing that, given the split across multiple
+ * files.
+ */
+static const pgstat_kind_info pgstat_kind_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_WAL + 1] = {
+
+	/* stats types with a variable number of stats */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_DB] = {
+		.is_global = false,
+		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShm_StatDBEntry),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShm_StatDBEntry, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShm_StatDBEntry*) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_flush_database,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE] = {
+		.is_global = false,
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShm_StatTabEntry),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShm_StatTabEntry, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShm_StatTabEntry*) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_flush_relation,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION] = {
+		.is_global = false,
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry*) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_flush_function,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION] = {
+		.is_global = false,
+		/* so pg_stat_subscription_counters entries can be seen in all databases */
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShm_StatSubEntry),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShm_StatSubEntry, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShm_StatSubEntry*) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_BackendSubEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_flush_subscription,
+	},
+
+
+	/* global stats */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_archiver,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_bgwriter,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_checkpointer,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_replslot,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_slru,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_WAL] = {
+		.is_global = true,
+
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_snapshot_wal,
+	},
+};
+
+/* parameter for the shared hash */
+static const dshash_parameters dsh_params = {
+	sizeof(PgStatHashKey),
+	sizeof(PgStatShmHashEntry),
+	dshash_memcmp,
+	dshash_memhash,
+	LWTRANCHE_STATS
+};
+
+
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
  * Public functions called from postmaster follow
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_init() -
- *
- *	Called from postmaster at startup. Create the resources required
- *	by the statistics collector process.  If unable to do so, do not
- *	fail --- better to let the postmaster start with stats collection
- *	disabled.
- * ----------
+/*
+ * The size of the shared memory allocation for stats stored in the shared
+ * stats hash table. This allocation will be done as part of the main shared
+ * memory, rather than dynamic shared memory, allowing it to be initialized in
+ * postmaster.
  */
-void
-pgstat_init(void)
+static Size
+stats_dsa_init_size(void)
 {
-	socklen_t	alen;
-	struct addrinfo *addrs = NULL,
-			   *addr,
-				hints;
-	int			ret;
-	fd_set		rset;
-	struct timeval tv;
-	char		test_byte;
-	int			sel_res;
-	int			tries = 0;
-
-#define TESTBYTEVAL ((char) 199)
-
 	/*
-	 * This static assertion verifies that we didn't mess up the calculations
-	 * involved in selecting maximum payload sizes for our UDP messages.
-	 * Because the only consequence of overrunning PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would
-	 * be silent performance loss from fragmentation, it seems worth having a
-	 * compile-time cross-check that we didn't.
+	 * AFIXME: What should we choose as an initial size? Should we make this
+	 * configurable?
 	 */
-	StaticAssertStmt(sizeof(PgStat_Msg) <= PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE,
-					 "maximum stats message size exceeds PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE");
+	return dsa_minimum_size() + 2 * 1024 * 1024;
+}
 
-	/*
-	 * Create the UDP socket for sending and receiving statistic messages
-	 */
-	hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
-	hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
-	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
-	hints.ai_protocol = 0;
-	hints.ai_addrlen = 0;
-	hints.ai_addr = NULL;
-	hints.ai_canonname = NULL;
-	hints.ai_next = NULL;
-	ret = pg_getaddrinfo_all("localhost", NULL, &hints, &addrs);
-	if (ret || !addrs)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("could not resolve \"localhost\": %s",
-						gai_strerror(ret))));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * On some platforms, pg_getaddrinfo_all() may return multiple addresses
-	 * only one of which will actually work (eg, both IPv6 and IPv4 addresses
-	 * when kernel will reject IPv6).  Worse, the failure may occur at the
-	 * bind() or perhaps even connect() stage.  So we must loop through the
-	 * results till we find a working combination. We will generate LOG
-	 * messages, but no error, for bogus combinations.
-	 */
-	for (addr = addrs; addr; addr = addr->ai_next)
-	{
-#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
-		/* Ignore AF_UNIX sockets, if any are returned. */
-		if (addr->ai_family == AF_UNIX)
-			continue;
-#endif
-
-		if (++tries > 1)
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("trying another address for the statistics collector")));
-
-		/*
-		 * Create the socket.
-		 */
-		if ((pgStatSock = socket(addr->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not create socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Bind it to a kernel assigned port on localhost and get the assigned
-		 * port via getsockname().
-		 */
-		if (bind(pgStatSock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not bind socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		alen = sizeof(pgStatAddr);
-		if (getsockname(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, &alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not get address of socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Connect the socket to its own address.  This saves a few cycles by
-		 * not having to respecify the target address on every send. This also
-		 * provides a kernel-level check that only packets from this same
-		 * address will be received.
-		 */
-		if (connect(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not connect socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Try to send and receive a one-byte test message on the socket. This
-		 * is to catch situations where the socket can be created but will not
-		 * actually pass data (for instance, because kernel packet filtering
-		 * rules prevent it).
-		 */
-		test_byte = TESTBYTEVAL;
-
-retry1:
-		if (send(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry1;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not send test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * There could possibly be a little delay before the message can be
-		 * received.  We arbitrarily allow up to half a second before deciding
-		 * it's broken.
-		 */
-		for (;;)				/* need a loop to handle EINTR */
-		{
-			FD_ZERO(&rset);
-			FD_SET(pgStatSock, &rset);
-
-			tv.tv_sec = 0;
-			tv.tv_usec = 500000;
-			sel_res = select(pgStatSock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &tv);
-			if (sel_res >= 0 || errno != EINTR)
-				break;
-		}
-		if (sel_res < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("select() failed in statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (sel_res == 0 || !FD_ISSET(pgStatSock, &rset))
-		{
-			/*
-			 * This is the case we actually think is likely, so take pains to
-			 * give a specific message for it.
-			 *
-			 * errno will not be set meaningfully here, so don't use it.
-			 */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONNECTION_FAILURE),
-					 errmsg("test message did not get through on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		test_byte++;			/* just make sure variable is changed */
-
-retry2:
-		if (recv(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry2;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not receive test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (test_byte != TESTBYTEVAL)	/* strictly paranoia ... */
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_INTERNAL_ERROR),
-					 errmsg("incorrect test message transmission on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* If we get here, we have a working socket */
-		break;
-	}
-
-	/* Did we find a working address? */
-	if (!addr || pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		goto startup_failed;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the socket to non-blocking IO.  This ensures that if the collector
-	 * falls behind, statistics messages will be discarded; backends won't
-	 * block waiting to send messages to the collector.
-	 */
-	if (!pg_set_noblock(pgStatSock))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not set statistics collector socket to nonblocking mode: %m")));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to ensure that the socket's receive buffer is at least
-	 * PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF bytes, so that it won't easily overflow and lose
-	 * data.  Use of UDP protocol means that we are willing to lose data under
-	 * heavy load, but we don't want it to happen just because of ridiculously
-	 * small default buffer sizes (such as 8KB on older Windows versions).
-	 */
-	{
-		int			old_rcvbuf;
-		int			new_rcvbuf;
-		socklen_t	rcvbufsize = sizeof(old_rcvbuf);
-
-		if (getsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-					   (char *) &old_rcvbuf, &rcvbufsize) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("%s(%s) failed: %m", "getsockopt", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-			/* if we can't get existing size, always try to set it */
-			old_rcvbuf = 0;
-		}
-
-		new_rcvbuf = PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF;
-		if (old_rcvbuf < new_rcvbuf)
-		{
-			if (setsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-						   (char *) &new_rcvbuf, sizeof(new_rcvbuf)) < 0)
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("%s(%s) failed: %m", "setsockopt", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-		}
-	}
-
-	pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	/* Now that we have a long-lived socket, tell fd.c about it. */
-	ReserveExternalFD();
-
-	return;
-
-startup_failed:
-	ereport(LOG,
-			(errmsg("disabling statistics collector for lack of working socket")));
-
-	if (addrs)
-		pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		closesocket(pgStatSock);
-	pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-
-	/*
-	 * Adjust GUC variables to suppress useless activity, and for debugging
-	 * purposes (seeing track_counts off is a clue that we failed here). We
-	 * use PGC_S_OVERRIDE because there is no point in trying to turn it back
-	 * on from postgresql.conf without a restart.
-	 */
-	SetConfigOption("track_counts", "off", PGC_INTERNAL, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
+static Size
+stats_replslot_size(void)
+{
+	return sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry) * max_replication_slots;
 }
 
 /*
- * subroutine for pgstat_reset_all
+ * Compute shared memory space needed for activity statistics
  */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_remove_files(const char *directory)
+Size
+StatsShmemSize(void)
 {
-	DIR		   *dir;
-	struct dirent *entry;
-	char		fname[MAXPGPATH * 2];
+	Size		sz;
 
-	dir = AllocateDir(directory);
-	while ((entry = ReadDir(dir, directory)) != NULL)
+	sz = MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStatShmemGlobal));
+	sz = add_size(sz, MAXALIGN(stats_dsa_init_size()));
+	sz = add_size(sz, MAXALIGN(stats_replslot_size()));
+
+	return sz;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize activity statistics initialize during startup
+ */
+void
+StatsShmemInit(void)
+{
+	bool		found;
+	Size		sz;
+
+	sz = StatsShmemSize();
+	pgStatShmem = (PgStatShmemGlobal *)
+		ShmemInitStruct("Stats area", sz, &found);
+
+	if (!IsUnderPostmaster)
 	{
-		int			nchars;
-		Oid			tmp_oid;
+		dsa_area *dsa;
+		dshash_table *dsh;
+		char *p = (char *) pgStatShmem;
+
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		/* the allocation of pgStatShmem itself */
+		p += MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStatShmemGlobal));
 
 		/*
-		 * Skip directory entries that don't match the file names we write.
-		 * See get_dbstat_filename for the database-specific pattern.
+		 * Create a small dsa allocation in plain shared memory. Doing so
+		 * initially makes it easier to manage server startup, and it also is
+		 * a small efficiency win.
 		 */
-		if (strncmp(entry->d_name, "global.", 7) == 0)
-			nchars = 7;
+		pgStatShmem->raw_dsa_area = p;
+		p += MAXALIGN(stats_dsa_init_size());
+		dsa = dsa_create_in_place(pgStatShmem->raw_dsa_area,
+								  stats_dsa_init_size(),
+								  LWTRANCHE_STATS, 0);
+		dsa_pin(dsa);
+
+		/*
+		 * Same with the dshash table.
+		 *
+		 * FIXME: we need to guarantee this can be allocated in plain shared
+		 * memory, rather than allocating dsm segments.
+		 */
+		dsh = dshash_create(dsa, &dsh_params, 0);
+		pgStatShmem->hash_handle = dshash_get_hash_table_handle(dsh);
+
+
+		/*
+		 * Postmaster will never access these again, thus free the local
+		 * dsa/dshash references.
+		 */
+		dshash_detach(dsh);
+		dsa_detach(dsa);
+
+		pg_atomic_init_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count, 0);
+
+
+		/*
+		 * Initialize global statistics.
+		 */
+
+		pgStatShmem->replslot.stats = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) p;
+		p += MAXALIGN(stats_replslot_size());
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LWTRANCHE_STATS);
+		for (int i = 0; i < max_replication_slots; i++)
+		{
+			pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i].index = -1;
+		}
+
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock, LWTRANCHE_STATS);
+
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock, LWTRANCHE_STATS);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(found);
+	}
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Functions manging the state of the stats system for all backends.
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_restore_stats() - read on-disk stats into memory at server start.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_restore_stats(void)
+{
+	pgstat_read_statsfile();
+}
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_discard_stats() -
+ *
+ * Remove the stats file.  This is currently used only if WAL recovery is
+ * needed after a crash.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_discard_stats(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	/* NB: this needs to be done even in single user mode */
+
+	ret = unlink(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
+	if (ret != 0)
+	{
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			elog(DEBUG2,
+				 "didn't need to unlink permanent stats file \"%s\" - didn't exist",
+				 PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
 		else
-		{
-			nchars = 0;
-			(void) sscanf(entry->d_name, "db_%u.%n",
-						  &tmp_oid, &nchars);
-			if (nchars <= 0)
-				continue;
-			/* %u allows leading whitespace, so reject that */
-			if (strchr("0123456789", entry->d_name[3]) == NULL)
-				continue;
-		}
-
-		if (strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "tmp") != 0 &&
-			strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "stat") != 0)
-			continue;
-
-		snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "%s/%s", directory,
-				 entry->d_name);
-		unlink(fname);
-	}
-	FreeDir(dir);
-}
-
-/*
- * pgstat_reset_all() -
- *
- * Remove the stats files.  This is currently used only if WAL
- * recovery is needed after a crash.
- */
-void
-pgstat_reset_all(void)
-{
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(pgstat_stat_directory);
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY);
-}
-
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-
-/*
- * pgstat_forkexec() -
- *
- * Format up the arglist for, then fork and exec, statistics collector process
- */
-static pid_t
-pgstat_forkexec(void)
-{
-	char	   *av[10];
-	int			ac = 0;
-
-	av[ac++] = "postgres";
-	av[ac++] = "--forkcol";
-	av[ac++] = NULL;			/* filled in by postmaster_forkexec */
-
-	av[ac] = NULL;
-	Assert(ac < lengthof(av));
-
-	return postmaster_forkexec(ac, av);
-}
-#endif							/* EXEC_BACKEND */
-
-
-/*
- * pgstat_start() -
- *
- *	Called from postmaster at startup or after an existing collector
- *	died.  Attempt to fire up a fresh statistics collector.
- *
- *	Returns PID of child process, or 0 if fail.
- *
- *	Note: if fail, we will be called again from the postmaster main loop.
- */
-int
-pgstat_start(void)
-{
-	time_t		curtime;
-	pid_t		pgStatPid;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check that the socket is there, else pgstat_init failed and we can do
-	 * nothing useful.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do nothing if too soon since last collector start.  This is a safety
-	 * valve to protect against continuous respawn attempts if the collector
-	 * is dying immediately at launch.  Note that since we will be re-called
-	 * from the postmaster main loop, we will get another chance later.
-	 */
-	curtime = time(NULL);
-	if ((unsigned int) (curtime - last_pgstat_start_time) <
-		(unsigned int) PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL)
-		return 0;
-	last_pgstat_start_time = curtime;
-
-	/*
-	 * Okay, fork off the collector.
-	 */
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-	switch ((pgStatPid = pgstat_forkexec()))
-#else
-	switch ((pgStatPid = fork_process()))
-#endif
-	{
-		case -1:
 			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("could not fork statistics collector: %m")));
-			return 0;
-
-#ifndef EXEC_BACKEND
-		case 0:
-			/* in postmaster child ... */
-			InitPostmasterChild();
-
-			/* Close the postmaster's sockets */
-			ClosePostmasterPorts(false);
-
-			/* Drop our connection to postmaster's shared memory, as well */
-			dsm_detach_all();
-			PGSharedMemoryDetach();
-
-			PgstatCollectorMain(0, NULL);
-			break;
-#endif
-
-		default:
-			return (int) pgStatPid;
+					(errcode_for_file_access(),
+					 errmsg("could not unlink permanent statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+							PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		ereport(DEBUG2,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("unlinked permanent statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+						PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
 	}
-
-	/* shouldn't get here */
-	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * pgstat_before_server_shutdown() needs to be called by exactly one process
+ * during regular server shutdowns. Otherwise all stats will be lost.
+ *
+ * We currently only write out stats for proc_exit(0). We might want to change
+ * that at some point... But right now pgstat_discard_stats() would be called
+ * during the start after a disorderly shutdown, anyway.
+ */
 void
-allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void)
+pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg)
 {
-	last_pgstat_start_time = 0;
+	Assert(pgStatShmem != 0);
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats should only be reported after pgstat_initialize() and before
+	 * pgstat_shutdown(). This is a convenient point to catch most violations
+	 * of this rule.
+	 */
+	Assert(pgstat_is_initialized && !pgstat_is_shutdown);
+
+	/* flush out our own pending changes before writing out */
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Only write out file during normal shutdown. Don't even signal that
+	 * we've shutdown during irregular shutdowns, because the shutdown
+	 * sequence isn't coordinated to ensure this backend shuts down last.
+	 */
+	if (code == 0)
+	{
+		pgStatShmem->is_shutdown = true;
+		pgstat_write_statsfile();
+	}
 }
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
  * Backend initialization / shutdown functions
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ *------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
 /*
  * Shut down a single backend's statistics reporting at process exit.
  *
- * Flush any remaining statistics counts out to the collector.
- * Without this, operations triggered during backend exit (such as
- * temp table deletions) won't be counted.
+ * Flush any remaining statistics counts out to shared stats.  Without this,
+ * operations triggered during backend exit (such as temp table deletions)
+ * won't be counted.
  */
 static void
 pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 {
 	Assert(!pgstat_is_shutdown);
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
 
 	/*
 	 * If we got as far as discovering our own database ID, we can report what
-	 * we did to the collector.  Otherwise, we'd be sending an invalid
+	 * we did to the shared stats.  Otherwise, we'd be dealing with an invalid
 	 * database ID, so forget it.  (This means that accesses to pg_database
 	 * during failed backend starts might never get counted.)
 	 */
 	if (OidIsValid(MyDatabaseId))
-		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+		pgstat_report_disconnect(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	Assert(pgStatDSA);
+
+	/* We shouldn't leave a reference to shared stats. */
+	pgstat_shared_refs_release_all();
+
+	dshash_detach(pgStatSharedHash);
+	pgStatSharedHash = NULL;
+
+	/* there shouldn't be any pending changes left */
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending));
+	dlist_init(&pgStatPending);
+
+	dsa_detach(pgStatDSA);
+	pgStatDSA = NULL;
 
 #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
 	pgstat_is_shutdown = true;
@@ -733,11 +639,25 @@ pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 void
 pgstat_initialize(void)
 {
+	MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
 	Assert(!pgstat_is_initialized);
+	Assert(pgStatDSA == NULL);
+
+	/* stats shared memory persists for the backend lifetime */
+	oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
+
+	pgStatDSA = dsa_attach_in_place(pgStatShmem->raw_dsa_area, NULL);
+	dsa_pin_mapping(pgStatDSA);
+
+	pgStatSharedHash = dshash_attach(pgStatDSA, &dsh_params,
+									 pgStatShmem->hash_handle, 0);
+
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
 
 	pgstat_wal_initialize();
 
-	/* Set up a process-exit hook to clean up */
+	/* need to be called before dsm shutdown */
 	before_shmem_exit(pgstat_shutdown_hook, 0);
 
 #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
@@ -751,6 +671,57 @@ pgstat_initialize(void)
  *------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
+/*
+ * AFIXME: Should all the stats drop code be moved into pgstat_drop.c?
+ */
+static void
+AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
+{
+	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+
+	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
+	{
+		Assert(dlist_is_empty(&xact_state->pending_drops));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	dlist_foreach_modify(iter, &xact_state->pending_drops)
+	{
+		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
+			dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+
+		elog(DEBUG2, "on %s checking if to to dop %s stats %u/%u/%u",
+			 isCommit ? "commit" : "abort",
+			 pending->is_create ? "create" : "drop",
+			 pending->item.kind,
+			 pending->item.dboid,
+			 pending->item.objoid);
+
+		if (isCommit && !pending->is_create)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Transaction that dropped an object committed. Drop the stats
+			 * too.
+			 */
+			pgstat_perform_drop(&pending->item);
+		}
+		else if (!isCommit && pending->is_create)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Transaction that created an object aborted. Drop the stats
+			 * associated with the object.
+			 */
+			pgstat_perform_drop(&pending->item);
+		}
+
+		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
+		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
+		pfree(pending);
+	}
+
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count, 1);
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * AtEOXact_PgStat
  *
@@ -772,6 +743,7 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat(bool isCommit, bool parallel)
 		Assert(xact_state->prev == NULL);
 
 		AtEOXact_PgStat_Relations(xact_state, isCommit);
+		AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(xact_state, isCommit);
 	}
 	pgStatXactStack = NULL;
 
@@ -779,6 +751,54 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat(bool isCommit, bool parallel)
 	pgstat_clear_snapshot();
 }
 
+static void
+AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
+								bool isCommit, int nestDepth)
+{
+	PgStat_SubXactStatus *parent_xact_state;
+	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+
+	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
+		return;
+
+	parent_xact_state = pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(nestDepth - 1);
+
+	dlist_foreach_modify(iter, &xact_state->pending_drops)
+	{
+		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
+			dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+
+		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
+		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
+
+		if (!isCommit && pending->is_create)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Subtransaction creating a new stats object aborted. Drop the
+			 * stats object.
+			 */
+			pgstat_perform_drop(&pending->item);
+			pfree(pending);
+		}
+		else if (isCommit)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Subtransaction dropping a stats object committed. Can't yet
+			 * remove the stats object, the surrounding transaction might still
+			 * abort. Pass it on to the parent.
+			 */
+			dlist_push_tail(&parent_xact_state->pending_drops, &pending->node);
+			parent_xact_state->pending_drops_count++;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			pfree(pending);
+		}
+	}
+
+	Assert(xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0);
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * AtEOSubXact_PgStat
  *
@@ -799,6 +819,7 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat(bool isCommit, int nestDepth)
 		pgStatXactStack = xact_state->prev;
 
 		AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(xact_state, isCommit, nestDepth);
+		AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(xact_state, isCommit, nestDepth);
 
 		pfree(xact_state);
 	}
@@ -867,15 +888,18 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 {
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
-	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
-	if (pgStatLocalContext)
-		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatLocalContext);
+	memset(&stats_snapshot.global_valid, 0, sizeof(stats_snapshot.global_valid));
+	stats_snapshot.stats = NULL;
+	stats_snapshot.mode = STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
-	/* Reset variables */
-	pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-	pgStatDBHash = NULL;
-	replSlotStatHash = NULL;
-	subscriptionStatHash = NULL;
+	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
+	if (pgStatSnapshotContext)
+	{
+		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatSnapshotContext);
+
+		/* Reset variables */
+		pgStatSnapshotContext = NULL;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Historically the backend_status.c facilities lived in this file, and
@@ -885,6 +909,60 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 	pgstat_clear_backend_activity_snapshot();
 }
 
+int
+pgstat_pending_stats_drops(bool isCommit, PgStat_DroppedStatsItem **items)
+{
+	PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state = pgStatXactStack;
+	int nitems = 0;
+	dlist_iter iter;
+
+	if (xact_state == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * We expect to be called for subtransaction abort (which logs a WAL
+	 * record), but not for subtransaction commit (which doesn't).
+	 */
+	Assert(!isCommit || xact_state->nest_level == 1);
+	Assert(!isCommit || xact_state->prev == NULL);
+
+	*items = palloc(xact_state->pending_drops_count
+					* sizeof(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem));
+
+	dlist_foreach(iter, &xact_state->pending_drops)
+	{
+		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
+			dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+
+		if (isCommit && pending->is_create)
+			continue;
+		if (!isCommit && !pending->is_create)
+			continue;
+
+		Assert(nitems < xact_state->pending_drops_count);
+		(*items)[nitems++] = pending->item;
+	}
+
+	return nitems;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Execute scheduled drops post-commit. Called from xact_redo_commit() during
+ * recovery, and from FinishPreparedTransaction() during normal commit
+ * processing.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_perform_drops(int ndrops, struct PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *items, bool is_redo)
+{
+	if (ndrops == 0)
+		return;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < ndrops; i++)
+		pgstat_perform_drop(&items[i]);
+
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count, 1);
+}
+
 /*
  * Ensure (sub)transaction stack entry for the given nest_level exists, adding
  * it if needed.
@@ -900,6 +978,8 @@ pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(int nest_level)
 		xact_state = (PgStat_SubXactStatus *)
 			MemoryContextAlloc(TopTransactionContext,
 							   sizeof(PgStat_SubXactStatus));
+		dlist_init(&xact_state->pending_drops);
+		xact_state->pending_drops_count = 0;
 		xact_state->nest_level = nest_level;
 		xact_state->prev = pgStatXactStack;
 		xact_state->first = NULL;
@@ -911,350 +991,168 @@ pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(int nest_level)
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
  * Public functions used by backends follow
- *------------------------------------------------------------
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_report_stat() -
+/*
+ * Must be called by processes that performs DML: tcop/postgres.c, logical
+ * receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to apply the so far collected
+ * per-table and function usage statistics to the shared statistics hashes.
  *
- *	Must be called by processes that performs DML: tcop/postgres.c, logical
- *	receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to send the so far collected
- *	per-table and function usage statistics to the collector.  Note that this
- *	is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair to use
- *	transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
+ * Updates are applied not more frequent than the interval of
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL milliseconds. They are also postponed on lock
+ * failure if force is false and there's no pending updates longer than
+ * PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL milliseconds. Postponed updates are retried in
+ * succeeding calls of this function.
  *
- *	"disconnect" is "true" only for the last call before the backend
- *	exits.  This makes sure that no data is lost and that interrupted
- *	sessions are reported correctly.
- * ----------
+ * Returns the time until the next timing when updates are applied in
+ * milliseconds if there are no updates held for more than
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL milliseconds.
+ *
+ * Note that this is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair
+ * to use transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
  */
-void
-pgstat_report_stat(bool disconnect)
+long
+pgstat_report_stat(bool force)
 {
-	static TimestampTz last_report = 0;
-
+	static TimestampTz next_flush = 0;
+	static TimestampTz pending_since = 0;
+	static long retry_interval = 0;
+	bool		partial_flush;
 	TimestampTz now;
+	bool		nowait;
 
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
-	/*
-	 * Don't expend a clock check if nothing to do.
-	 *
-	 * To determine whether any WAL activity has occurred since last time, not
-	 * only the number of generated WAL records but also the numbers of WAL
-	 * writes and syncs need to be checked. Because even transaction that
-	 * generates no WAL records can write or sync WAL data when flushing the
-	 * data pages.
-	 */
-	if (!have_relation_stats &&
-		pgStatXactCommit == 0 && pgStatXactRollback == 0 &&
-		pgWalUsage.wal_records == prevWalUsage.wal_records &&
-		WalStats.m_wal_write == 0 && WalStats.m_wal_sync == 0 &&
-		!have_function_stats && !disconnect)
-		return;
+	/* "absorb" the forced flush even if there's nothing to flush */
+	if (pgStatForceNextFlush)
+	{
+		force = true;
+		pgStatForceNextFlush = false;
+	}
+
+	/* Don't expend a clock check if nothing to do */
+	if (dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending)
+		&& !have_slrustats
+		&& !walstats_pending())
+	{
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-	 * msec since we last sent one, or the backend is about to exit.
+	 * There should never be stats to report once stats are shut down. Can't
+	 * assert that before the checks above, as there is an unconditional
+	 * pgstat_report_stat() call in pgstat_shutdown_hook() - which at least
+	 * the process that ran pgstat_before_server_shutdown() will still call.
 	 */
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
+
 	now = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
-	if (!disconnect &&
-		!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(last_report, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-		return;
 
-	last_report = now;
+	if (!force)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Don't flush stats too frequently.  Return the time to the next
+		 * flush.
+		 */
+		if (now < next_flush)
+		{
+			/* Record the epoch time if retrying. */
+			if (pending_since == 0)
+				pending_since = now;
 
-	if (disconnect)
-		pgstat_report_disconnect(MyDatabaseId);
+			return (next_flush - now) / 1000;
+		}
 
-	/* First, send relation statistics */
-	pgstat_send_tabstats(now, disconnect);
+		/* But, don't keep pending updates longer than PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL. */
 
-	/* Now, send function statistics */
-	pgstat_send_funcstats();
+		if (pending_since > 0 &&
+			TimestampDifferenceExceeds(pending_since, now, PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL))
+			force = true;
+	}
 
-	/* Send WAL statistics */
-	pgstat_send_wal(true);
+	pgstat_update_dbstats(now);
 
-	/* Finally send SLRU statistics */
-	pgstat_send_slru();
+	/* don't wait for lock acquisition when !force */
+	nowait = !force;
+
+	partial_flush = false;
+
+	/* flush database / relation / function / ... stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_pending_flush_stats(nowait);
+
+	/* flush wal stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_wal(nowait);
+
+	/* flush SLRU stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_slru(nowait);
+
+	/*
+	 * Some of the pending stats may have not been flushed due to lock
+	 * contention.  If we have such pending stats here, let the caller know
+	 * the retry interval.
+	 */
+	if (partial_flush)
+	{
+		/* Retain the epoch time */
+		if (pending_since == 0)
+			pending_since = now;
+
+		/* The interval is doubled at every retry. */
+		if (retry_interval == 0)
+			retry_interval = PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL * 1000;
+		else
+			retry_interval = retry_interval * 2;
+
+		/*
+		 * Determine the next retry interval so as not to get shorter than the
+		 * previous interval.
+		 */
+		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(pending_since,
+										now + 2 * retry_interval,
+										PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL))
+			next_flush = now + retry_interval;
+		else
+		{
+			next_flush = pending_since + PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL * 1000;
+			retry_interval = next_flush - now;
+		}
+
+		return retry_interval / 1000;
+	}
+
+	/* Set the next time to update stats */
+	next_flush = now + PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL * 1000;
+	retry_interval = 0;
+	pending_since = 0;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_vacuum_stat() -
- *
- *	Will tell the collector about objects he can get rid of.
- * ----------
+/*
+ * Force locally pending stats to be flushed during the next
+ * pgstat_report_stat() call. This is useful for writing tests.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_force_next_flush(void)
+{
+	pgStatForceNextFlush = true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * AFIXME: Function stats can escape function drops in some rare
+ * situations. It's probably not worth closing that window, but if we wanted,
+ * we'd do it here.
  */
 void
 pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
 {
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge f_msg;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			len;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Read pg_database and make a list of OIDs of all existing databases
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(DatabaseRelationId, Anum_pg_database_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search the database hash table for dead databases and tell the
-	 * collector to drop them.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		/* the DB entry for shared tables (with InvalidOid) is never dropped */
-		if (OidIsValid(dbid) &&
-			hash_search(htab, (void *) &dbid, HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
-			pgstat_drop_database(dbid);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search for all the dead replication slots in stats hashtable and tell
-	 * the stats collector to drop them.
-	 */
-	if (replSlotStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotentry;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotentry = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (SearchNamedReplicationSlot(NameStr(slotentry->slotname), true) == NULL)
-				pgstat_report_replslot_drop(NameStr(slotentry->slotname));
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Repeat the above steps for subscriptions, if subscription stats are
-	 * being collected.
-	 */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-		/*
-		 * Read pg_subscription and make a list of OIDs of all existing
-		 * subscriptions.
-		 */
-		htab = pgstat_collect_oids(SubscriptionRelationId, Anum_pg_subscription_oid);
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &(subentry->subid), HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
-				pgstat_report_subscription_drop(subentry->subid);
-		}
-
-		hash_destroy(htab);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our own database entry; if not found, nothing more to do.
-	 */
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &MyDatabaseId,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry == NULL || dbentry->tables == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Similarly to above, make a list of all known relations in this DB.
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(RelationRelationId, Anum_pg_class_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Initialize our messages table counter to zero
-	 */
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check for all tables listed in stats hashtable if they still exist.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			tabid = tabentry->tableid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &tabid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-			continue;
-
-		/*
-		 * Not there, so add this table's Oid to the message
-		 */
-		msg.m_tableid[msg.m_nentries++] = tabid;
-
-		/*
-		 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-		 */
-		if (msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-				+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-			msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-			pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Send the rest
-	 */
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-	{
-		len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-			+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-		msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now repeat the above steps for functions.  However, we needn't bother
-	 * in the common case where no function stats are being collected.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL &&
-		hash_get_num_entries(dbentry->functions) > 0)
-	{
-		htab = pgstat_collect_oids(ProcedureRelationId, Anum_pg_proc_oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&f_msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE);
-		f_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->functions);
-		while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			Oid			funcid = funcentry->functionid;
-
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &funcid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * Not there, so add this function's Oid to the message
-			 */
-			f_msg.m_functionid[f_msg.m_nentries++] = funcid;
-
-			/*
-			 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-			 */
-			if (f_msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE)
-			{
-				len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-					+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-				pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-
-				f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Send the rest
-		 */
-		if (f_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-				+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-		}
-
-		hash_destroy(htab);
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_collect_oids() -
- *
- *	Collect the OIDs of all objects listed in the specified system catalog
- *	into a temporary hash table.  Caller should hash_destroy the result
- *	when done with it.  (However, we make the table in CurrentMemoryContext
- *	so that it will be freed properly in event of an error.)
- * ----------
- */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
-{
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	Relation	rel;
-	TableScanDesc scan;
-	HeapTuple	tup;
-	Snapshot	snapshot;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = CurrentMemoryContext;
-	htab = hash_create("Temporary table of OIDs",
-					   PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-					   &hash_ctl,
-					   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	rel = table_open(catalogid, AccessShareLock);
-	snapshot = RegisterSnapshot(GetLatestSnapshot());
-	scan = table_beginscan(rel, snapshot, 0, NULL);
-	while ((tup = heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			thisoid;
-		bool		isnull;
-
-		thisoid = heap_getattr(tup, anum_oid, RelationGetDescr(rel), &isnull);
-		Assert(!isnull);
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		(void) hash_search(htab, (void *) &thisoid, HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-	}
-	table_endscan(scan);
-	UnregisterSnapshot(snapshot);
-	table_close(rel, AccessShareLock);
-
-	return htab;
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_reset_counters() -
  *
- *	Tell the statistics collector to reset counters for our database.
+ *	Reset counters for our database.
  *
  *	Permission checking for this function is managed through the normal
  *	GRANT system.
@@ -1263,20 +1161,46 @@ pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
 void
 pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg;
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *p;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	/* dshash entry is not modified, take shared lock */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatSharedHash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *header;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+		if (p->key.dboid != MyDatabaseId)
+			continue;
+
+		header = dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, p->body);
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		LWLockAcquire(&p->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+		memset(shared_stat_entry_data(p->key.kind, header), 0,
+			   shared_stat_entry_len(p->key.kind));
+
+		/*
+		 * FIXME: call into a dedicated function instead. Including creating
+		 * the stats entry if it doesn't eyt exist.
+		 */
+		if (p->key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_DB)
+		{
+			PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *dbstat = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) header;
+
+			dbstat->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		}
+		LWLockRelease(&p->lock);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_reset_single_counter() -
  *
- *	Tell the statistics collector to reset a single counter.
+ *	Reset a single counter.
  *
  *	Permission checking for this function is managed through the normal
  *	GRANT system.
@@ -1285,315 +1209,134 @@ pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_single_counter(Oid objoid, PgStat_Single_Reset_Type type)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *db_ref;
+	PgStatSharedRef *counter_ref;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *header;
+	PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
+	PgStatKind kind;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/* FIXME: move into a dedicated function */
+	db_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, MyDatabaseId, InvalidOid,
+								   false);
+	if (db_ref == NULL)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_resettype = type;
-	msg.m_objectid = objoid;
+	dbentry = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) db_ref->shared_stats;
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* XXX: isn't this pretty grotty behaviour? */
+	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
+	pgstat_shared_stat_lock(db_ref, false);
+	dbentry->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(db_ref);
+
+	/* Remove object if it exists, ignore if not */
+	switch (type)
+	{
+		case RESET_TABLE:
+			kind = PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE;
+			break;
+		case RESET_FUNCTION:
+			kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return;
+	}
+
+	counter_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(kind, MyDatabaseId, objoid, false);
+	if (!counter_ref || counter_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_lock(counter_ref, false);
+
+	header = counter_ref->shared_stats;
+	memset(shared_stat_entry_data(kind, header), 0,
+		   shared_stat_entry_len(kind));
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(counter_ref);
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_ping() -
+ * pgstat_reset_subscription_counter() -
  *
- *	Send some junk data to the collector to increase traffic.
+ *	Tell the statistics collector to reset a single subscription
+ *	counter, or all subscription counters (when subid is InvalidOid).
+ *
+ *	Permission checking for this function is managed through the normal
+ *	GRANT system.
+ *
+ * AFIXME: move to pgstat_subscription.c - right now it uses
+ * shared_stat_entry_len(), which isn't exported.
+ *
+ * AFIXME: this doesn't yet support the behaviour of subid = InvalidOid =>
+ * drop all subscription stats.
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_ping(void)
+pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *counter_ref;
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *header;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
+	counter_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION, subid, InvalidOid, false);
+	if (!counter_ref || counter_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
+	pgstat_shared_stat_lock(counter_ref, false);
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_send_inquiry() -
- *
- *	Notify collector that we need fresh data.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_inquiry(TimestampTz clock_time, TimestampTz cutoff_time, Oid databaseid)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg;
+	header = counter_ref->shared_stats;
+	memset(shared_stat_entry_data(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION, header), 0,
+		   shared_stat_entry_len(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION));
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY);
-	msg.clock_time = clock_time;
-	msg.cutoff_time = cutoff_time;
-	msg.databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	the collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- *	that the database doesn't exist, it is just not yet known by the
- *	collector, so the caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- * ----------
- */
-PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid)
-{
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the requested database; return NULL if not found
-	 */
-	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-											  (void *) &dbid,
-											  HASH_FIND, NULL);
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(counter_ref);
 }
 
 /*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_global() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the global statistics struct.
- * ---------
+ * If a stats snapshot has been taken, return the timestamp at which that was
+ * done, and set *have_snapshot to true. Otherwise *have_snapshot is set to
+ * false.
  */
-PgStat_GlobalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_global(void)
+TimestampTz
+pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &globalStats;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	the collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- *	that the table doesn't exist, it is just not yet known by the
- *	collector, so the caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- * ----------
- */
-PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
-{
-	Oid			dbid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our database, then look in its table hash table.
-	 */
-	dbid = MyDatabaseId;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
+	if (stats_snapshot.mode == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
 	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
+		*have_snapshot = true;
+		return stats_snapshot.snapshot_timestamp;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
-	 */
-	dbid = InvalidOid;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
-	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
-	}
+	*have_snapshot = false;
 
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
- * ----------
- */
-PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry = NULL;
-
-	/* load the stats file if needed */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/* Lookup our database, then find the requested function.  */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->functions != NULL)
-	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &func_id,
-														 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	}
-
-	return funcentry;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the archiver statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_ArchiverStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &archiverStats;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the bgwriter statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_BgWriterStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &globalStats.bgwriter;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the checkpointer statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &globalStats.checkpointer;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_wal() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the WAL statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_WalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return &walStats;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_slru() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the slru statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_SLRUStats *
-pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return slruStats;
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_replslot() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	a pointer to the replication slot statistics struct.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return pgstat_get_replslot_entry(slotname, false);
-}
-
-/*
- * ---------
- * pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription() -
- *
- *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- *	the collected statistics for one subscription or NULL.
- * ---------
- */
-PgStat_StatSubEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
-{
-	/* Load the stats file if needed */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	return pgstat_get_subscription_entry(subid, false);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Helper / infrastructure functions
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Helper functions
+ *------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_setup_memcxt() -
  *
- *	Create pgStatLocalContext, if not already done.
+ *	Create pgStatSnapshotContext if not already done.
  * ----------
  */
 static void
 pgstat_setup_memcxt(void)
 {
-	if (!pgStatLocalContext)
-		pgStatLocalContext = AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
-												   "Statistics snapshot",
-												   ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatSharedRefContext))
+		pgStatSharedRefContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "Backend statistics data",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatSnapshotContext))
+		pgStatSnapshotContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
+								  "Backend statistics snapshot",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1609,521 +1352,25 @@ pgstat_assert_is_up(void)
 }
 #endif
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_setheader() -
- *
- *		Set common header fields in a statistics message
- * ----------
- */
-void
-pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype)
-{
-	hdr->m_type = mtype;
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_send() -
- *
- *		Send out one statistics message to the collector
- * ----------
- */
-void
-pgstat_send(void *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			rc;
-
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	((PgStat_MsgHdr *) msg)->m_size = len;
-
-	/* We'll retry after EINTR, but ignore all other failures */
-	do
-	{
-		rc = send(pgStatSock, msg, len, 0);
-	} while (rc < 0 && errno == EINTR);
-
-#ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
-	/* In debug builds, log send failures ... */
-	if (rc < 0)
-		elog(LOG, "could not send to statistics collector: %m");
-#endif
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * PgstatCollectorMain() -
- *
- *	Start up the statistics collector process.  This is the body of the
- *	postmaster child process.
- *
- *	The argc/argv parameters are valid only in EXEC_BACKEND case.
- * ----------
- */
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void
-PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	int			len;
-	PgStat_Msg	msg;
-	int			wr;
-	WaitEvent	event;
-	WaitEventSet *wes;
-
-	/*
-	 * Ignore all signals usually bound to some action in the postmaster,
-	 * except SIGHUP and SIGQUIT.  Note we don't need a SIGUSR1 handler to
-	 * support latch operations, because we only use a local latch.
-	 */
-	pqsignal(SIGHUP, SignalHandlerForConfigReload);
-	pqsignal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGQUIT, SignalHandlerForShutdownRequest);
-	pqsignal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN);
-	/* Reset some signals that are accepted by postmaster but not here */
-	pqsignal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
-	PG_SETMASK(&UnBlockSig);
-
-	MyBackendType = B_STATS_COLLECTOR;
-	init_ps_display(NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Read in existing stats files or initialize the stats to zero.
-	 */
-	pgStatRunningInCollector = true;
-	pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, true, true);
-
-	/* Prepare to wait for our latch or data in our socket. */
-	wes = CreateWaitEventSet(CurrentMemoryContext, 3);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_LATCH_SET, PGINVALID_SOCKET, MyLatch, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH, PGINVALID_SOCKET, NULL, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_SOCKET_READABLE, pgStatSock, NULL, NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop to process messages until we get SIGQUIT or detect ungraceful
-	 * death of our parent postmaster.
-	 *
-	 * For performance reasons, we don't want to do ResetLatch/WaitLatch after
-	 * every message; instead, do that only after a recv() fails to obtain a
-	 * message.  (This effectively means that if backends are sending us stuff
-	 * like mad, we won't notice postmaster death until things slack off a
-	 * bit; which seems fine.)	To do that, we have an inner loop that
-	 * iterates as long as recv() succeeds.  We do check ConfigReloadPending
-	 * inside the inner loop, which means that such interrupts will get
-	 * serviced but the latch won't get cleared until next time there is a
-	 * break in the action.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		/* Clear any already-pending wakeups */
-		ResetLatch(MyLatch);
-
-		/*
-		 * Quit if we get SIGQUIT from the postmaster.
-		 */
-		if (ShutdownRequestPending)
-			break;
-
-		/*
-		 * Inner loop iterates as long as we keep getting messages, or until
-		 * ShutdownRequestPending becomes set.
-		 */
-		while (!ShutdownRequestPending)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Reload configuration if we got SIGHUP from the postmaster.
-			 */
-			if (ConfigReloadPending)
-			{
-				ConfigReloadPending = false;
-				ProcessConfigFile(PGC_SIGHUP);
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * Write the stats file(s) if a new request has arrived that is
-			 * not satisfied by existing file(s).
-			 */
-			if (pgstat_write_statsfile_needed())
-				pgstat_write_statsfiles(false, false);
-
-			/*
-			 * Try to receive and process a message.  This will not block,
-			 * since the socket is set to non-blocking mode.
-			 *
-			 * XXX On Windows, we have to force pgwin32_recv to cooperate,
-			 * despite the previous use of pg_set_noblock() on the socket.
-			 * This is extremely broken and should be fixed someday.
-			 */
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 1;
-#endif
-
-			len = recv(pgStatSock, (char *) &msg,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_Msg), 0);
-
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 0;
-#endif
-
-			if (len < 0)
-			{
-				if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EINTR)
-					break;		/* out of inner loop */
-				ereport(ERROR,
-						(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-						 errmsg("could not read statistics message: %m")));
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * We ignore messages that are smaller than our common header
-			 */
-			if (len < sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * The received length must match the length in the header
-			 */
-			if (msg.msg_hdr.m_size != len)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * O.K. - we accept this message.  Process it.
-			 */
-			switch (msg.msg_hdr.m_type)
-			{
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY:
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY:
-					pgstat_recv_inquiry(&msg.msg_inquiry, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_tabstat(&msg.msg_tabstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_tabpurge(&msg.msg_tabpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB:
-					pgstat_recv_dropdb(&msg.msg_dropdb, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetcounter(&msg.msg_resetcounter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(&msg.msg_resetsharedcounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(&msg.msg_resetsinglecounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(&msg.msg_resetslrucounter,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(&msg.msg_resetreplslotcounter,
-													 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(&msg.msg_resetsubcounter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START:
-					pgstat_recv_autovac(&msg.msg_autovacuum_start, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM:
-					pgstat_recv_vacuum(&msg.msg_vacuum, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE:
-					pgstat_recv_analyze(&msg.msg_analyze, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER:
-					pgstat_recv_archiver(&msg.msg_archiver, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER:
-					pgstat_recv_bgwriter(&msg.msg_bgwriter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER:
-					pgstat_recv_checkpointer(&msg.msg_checkpointer, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL:
-					pgstat_recv_wal(&msg.msg_wal, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU:
-					pgstat_recv_slru(&msg.msg_slru, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_funcstat(&msg.msg_funcstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_funcpurge(&msg.msg_funcpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT:
-					pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(&msg.msg_recoveryconflict,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK:
-					pgstat_recv_deadlock(&msg.msg_deadlock, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE:
-					pgstat_recv_tempfile(&msg.msg_tempfile, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE:
-					pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(&msg.msg_checksumfailure,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT:
-					pgstat_recv_replslot(&msg.msg_replslot, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT:
-					pgstat_recv_connect(&msg.msg_connect, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT:
-					pgstat_recv_disconnect(&msg.msg_disconnect, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP:
-					pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(&msg.msg_subscriptiondrop, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR:
-					pgstat_recv_subscription_error(&msg.msg_subscriptionerror, len);
-					break;
-
-				default:
-					break;
-			}
-		}						/* end of inner message-processing loop */
-
-		/* Sleep until there's something to do */
-#ifndef WIN32
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, -1L, &event, 1, WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#else
-
-		/*
-		 * Windows, at least in its Windows Server 2003 R2 incarnation,
-		 * sometimes loses FD_READ events.  Waking up and retrying the recv()
-		 * fixes that, so don't sleep indefinitely.  This is a crock of the
-		 * first water, but until somebody wants to debug exactly what's
-		 * happening there, this is the best we can do.  The two-second
-		 * timeout matches our pre-9.2 behavior, and needs to be short enough
-		 * to not provoke "using stale statistics" complaints from
-		 * backend_read_statsfile.
-		 */
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, 2 * 1000L /* msec */ , &event, 1,
-							  WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#endif
-
-		/*
-		 * Emergency bailout if postmaster has died.  This is to avoid the
-		 * necessity for manual cleanup of all postmaster children.
-		 */
-		if (wr == 1 && event.events == WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH)
-			break;
-	}							/* end of outer loop */
-
-	/*
-	 * Save the final stats to reuse at next startup.
-	 */
-	pgstat_write_statsfiles(true, true);
-
-	FreeWaitEventSet(wes);
-
-	exit(0);
-}
-
-/*
- * Subroutine to clear stats in a database entry
- *
- * Tables and functions hashes are initialized to empty.
- */
-static void
-reset_dbentry_counters(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_hit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_returned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_updated = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted = 0;
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_lock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes = 0;
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks = 0;
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures = 0;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions = 0;
-	dbentry->total_session_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_active_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_fatal = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_killed = 0;
-
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-	dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-								  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-								  &hash_ctl,
-								  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-	dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-									 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									 &hash_ctl,
-									 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-}
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified database. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this database */
-	result = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												&databaseid,
-												action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not found, initialize the new one.  This creates empty hash tables
-	 * for tables and functions, too.
-	 */
-	if (!found)
-		reset_dbentry_counters(result);
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified table. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, Oid tableoid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this table */
-	result = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-												 &tableoid,
-												 action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* If not found, initialize the new one. */
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		result->numscans = 0;
-		result->tuples_returned = 0;
-		result->tuples_fetched = 0;
-		result->tuples_inserted = 0;
-		result->tuples_updated = 0;
-		result->tuples_deleted = 0;
-		result->tuples_hot_updated = 0;
-		result->n_live_tuples = 0;
-		result->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-		result->changes_since_analyze = 0;
-		result->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-		result->blocks_fetched = 0;
-		result->blocks_hit = 0;
-		result->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->analyze_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-	}
-
-	return result;
-}
-
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_write_statsfiles() -
- *		Write the global statistics file, as well as requested DB files.
  *
- *	'permanent' specifies writing to the permanent files not temporary ones.
- *	When true (happens only when the collector is shutting down), also remove
- *	the temporary files so that backends starting up under a new postmaster
- *	can't read old data before the new collector is ready.
- *
- *	When 'allDbs' is false, only the requested databases (listed in
- *	pending_write_requests) will be written; otherwise, all databases
- *	will be written.
+ * This function is called in the last process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  * ----------
  */
 static void
-pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
+pgstat_write_statsfile(void)
 {
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	FILE	   *fpout;
 	int32		format_id;
-	const char *tmpfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE : pgstat_stat_tmpname;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
+	const char *tmpfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
 	int			rc;
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *ps;
+
+	Assert(pgStatDSA);
 
 	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
 
@@ -2140,11 +1387,6 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Set the timestamp of the stats file.
-	 */
-	globalStats.stats_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
 	/*
 	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
 	 */
@@ -2153,220 +1395,86 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
-	 * Write global stats struct
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&globalStats, sizeof(globalStats), 1, fpout);
+
+	/*
+	 * Write bgwriter global stats struct
+	 */
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats), 1, fpout);
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
-	 * Write archiver stats struct
+	 * Write checkpointer global stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&archiverStats, sizeof(archiverStats), 1, fpout);
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats, sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats), 1, fpout);
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
-	 * Write WAL stats struct
+	 * Write archiver global stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&walStats, sizeof(walStats), 1, fpout);
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats, sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats), 1,
+				fpout);
+	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+
+	/*
+	 * Write WAL global stats struct
+	 */
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->wal.stats, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats), 1, fpout);
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
 	 * Write SLRU stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(slruStats, sizeof(slruStats), 1, fpout);
+	rc = fwrite(&pgStatShmem->slru.stats,
+				sizeof(PgStat_SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS]),
+				1, fpout);
 	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
-	 * Walk through the database table.
+	 * Walk through the stats entries
 	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatSharedHash, false);
+	while ((ps = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Write out the table and function stats for this DB into the
-		 * appropriate per-DB stat file, if required.
-		 */
-		if (allDbs || pgstat_db_requested(dbentry->databaseid))
-		{
-			/* Make DB's timestamp consistent with the global stats */
-			dbentry->stats_timestamp = globalStats.stats_timestamp;
+		PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *shstats;
+		size_t		len;
 
-			pgstat_write_db_statsfile(dbentry, permanent);
-		}
+		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-		/*
-		 * Write out the DB entry. We don't write the tables or functions
-		 * pointers, since they're of no use to any other process.
-		 */
-		fputc('D', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(dbentry, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables), 1, fpout);
+		/* we may have some "dropped" entries not yet removed, skip them */
+		if (ps->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		shstats = (PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *) dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, ps->body);
+
+		/* if not dropped the valid-entry refcount should exist */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&ps->refcount) > 0);
+
+		fputc('S', fpout);
+		rc = fwrite(&ps->key, sizeof(PgStatHashKey), 1, fpout);
+
+		/* Write except the header part of the etnry */
+		len = shared_stat_entry_len(ps->key.kind);
+		rc = fwrite(shared_stat_entry_data(ps->key.kind, shstats), len, 1, fpout);
 		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
 
 	/*
 	 * Write replication slot stats struct
 	 */
-	if (replSlotStatHash)
+	for (int i = 0; i < max_replication_slots; i++)
 	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
+		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i];
 
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			fputc('R', fpout);
-			rc = fwrite(slotent, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), 1, fpout);
-			(void) rc;			/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-		}
-	}
+		if (statent->index == -1)
+			continue;
 
-	/*
-	 * Write subscription stats struct
-	 */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			fputc('S', fpout);
-			rc = fwrite(subentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), 1, fpout);
-			(void) rc;			/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
-	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
-	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite above.
-	 */
-	fputc('E', fpout);
-
-	if (ferror(fpout))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpout);
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile, statfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-		unlink(pgstat_stat_filename);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now throw away the list of requests.  Note that requests sent after we
-	 * started the write are still waiting on the network socket.
-	 */
-	list_free(pending_write_requests);
-	pending_write_requests = NIL;
-}
-
-/*
- * return the filename for a DB stat file; filename is the output buffer,
- * of length len.
- */
-static void
-get_dbstat_filename(bool permanent, bool tempname, Oid databaseid,
-					char *filename, int len)
-{
-	int			printed;
-
-	/* NB -- pgstat_reset_remove_files knows about the pattern this uses */
-	printed = snprintf(filename, len, "%s/db_%u.%s",
-					   permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY :
-					   pgstat_stat_directory,
-					   databaseid,
-					   tempname ? "tmp" : "stat");
-	if (printed >= len)
-		elog(ERROR, "overlength pgstat path");
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_write_db_statsfile() -
- *		Write the stat file for a single database.
- *
- *	If writing to the permanent file (happens when the collector is
- *	shutting down only), remove the temporary file so that backends
- *	starting up under a new postmaster can't read the old data before
- *	the new collector is ready.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
-{
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS tstat;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpout;
-	int32		format_id;
-	Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-	int			rc;
-	char		tmpfile[MAXPGPATH];
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, true, dbid, tmpfile, MAXPGPATH);
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-
-	/*
-	 * Open the statistics temp file to write out the current values.
-	 */
-	fpout = AllocateFile(tmpfile, PG_BINARY_W);
-	if (fpout == NULL)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not open temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
-	 */
-	format_id = PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID;
-	rc = fwrite(&format_id, sizeof(format_id), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's access stats per table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&tstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&tstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('T', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(tabentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's function stats table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, dbentry->functions);
-	while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('F', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(funcentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry), 1, fpout);
+		fputc('R', fpout);
+		rc = fwrite(statent, sizeof(*statent), 1, fpout);
 		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 	}
 
@@ -2402,406 +1510,53 @@ pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
 						tmpfile, statfile)));
 		unlink(tmpfile);
 	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing temporary stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_read_statsfiles() -
+ * pgstat_read_statsfile() -
  *
- *	Reads in some existing statistics collector files and returns the
- *	databases hash table that is the top level of the data.
+ *	Reads in existing activity statistics file into the shared stats hash.
  *
- *	If 'onlydb' is not InvalidOid, it means we only want data for that DB
- *	plus the shared catalogs ("DB 0").  We'll still populate the DB hash
- *	table for all databases, but we don't bother even creating table/function
- *	hash tables for other databases.
- *
- *	'permanent' specifies reading from the permanent files not temporary ones.
- *	When true (happens only when the collector is starting up), remove the
- *	files after reading; the in-memory status is now authoritative, and the
- *	files would be out of date in case somebody else reads them.
- *
- *	If a 'deep' read is requested, table/function stats are read, otherwise
- *	the table/function hash tables remain empty.
+ * This function is called in the only process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  * ----------
  */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
+static void
+pgstat_read_statsfile(void)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbbuf;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	HTAB	   *dbhash;
 	FILE	   *fpin;
 	int32		format_id;
 	bool		found;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-	int			i;
-	TimestampTz	ts;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
 
-	/*
-	 * The tables will live in pgStatLocalContext.
-	 */
-	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
+	/* shouldn't be called from postmaster */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
 
-	/*
-	 * Create the DB hashtable
-	 */
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-	dbhash = hash_create("Databases hash", PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE, &hash_ctl,
-						 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	/*
-	 * Clear out global, archiver, WAL and SLRU statistics so they start from
-	 * zero in case we can't load an existing statsfile.
-	 */
-	memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-	memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-	memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-	memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
+	elog(DEBUG2, "reading stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
 
 	/*
 	 * Set the current timestamp (will be kept only in case we can't load an
 	 * existing statsfile).
 	 */
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the same reset timestamp for all SLRU items too.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-		slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+	pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.stat_reset_timestamp =
+		pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats.stat_reset_timestamp;
+	pgStatShmem->wal.stats.stat_reset_timestamp =
+		pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats.stat_reset_timestamp;
 
 	/*
 	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
+	 * returns zero for anything and the activity statistics simply starts
+	 * from scratch with empty counters.
 	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
+	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the activity statistics is not running or
+	 * has not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
 	 * condition is suspicious.
 	 */
 	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
 	{
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return dbhash;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&globalStats, 1, sizeof(globalStats), fpin) != sizeof(globalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the permanent
-	 * stats file; we should be willing to write a temp stats file immediately
-	 * upon the first request from any backend.  This only matters if the old
-	 * file's timestamp is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL ago, but that's not
-	 * an unusual scenario.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-		globalStats.stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&archiverStats, 1, sizeof(archiverStats), fpin) != sizeof(archiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&walStats, 1, sizeof(walStats), fpin) != sizeof(walStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(slruStats, 1, sizeof(slruStats), fpin) != sizeof(slruStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbbuf, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Add to the DB hash
-				 */
-				dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(dbhash,
-															 (void *) &dbbuf.databaseid,
-															 HASH_ENTER,
-															 &found);
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(dbentry, &dbbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry));
-				dbentry->tables = NULL;
-				dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-				/*
-				 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the
-				 * permanent stats file; we should be willing to write a temp
-				 * stats file immediately upon the first request from any
-				 * backend.
-				 */
-				if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-					dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-				/*
-				 * Don't create tables/functions hashtables for uninteresting
-				 * databases.
-				 */
-				if (onlydb != InvalidOid)
-				{
-					if (dbbuf.databaseid != onlydb &&
-						dbbuf.databaseid != InvalidOid)
-						break;
-				}
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-											  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-											  &hash_ctl,
-											  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-												 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-												 &hash_ctl,
-												 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				/*
-				 * If requested, read the data from the database-specific
-				 * file.  Otherwise we just leave the hashtables empty.
-				 */
-				if (deep)
-					pgstat_read_db_statsfile(dbentry->databaseid,
-											 dbentry->tables,
-											 dbentry->functions,
-											 permanent);
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry struct describing a
-				 * replication slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				{
-					PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry slotbuf;
-					PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-					if (fread(&slotbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), fpin)
-						!= sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry))
-					{
-						ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-										statfile)));
-						goto done;
-					}
-
-					/* Create hash table if we don't have it already. */
-					if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
-					{
-						HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-						hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(NameData);
-						hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry);
-						hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-						replSlotStatHash = hash_create("Replication slots hash",
-													   PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE,
-													   &hash_ctl,
-													   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-					}
-
-					slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-																	   (void *) &slotbuf.slotname,
-																	   HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-					memcpy(slotent, &slotbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry));
-					break;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * 'S'	A PgStat_StatSubEntry struct describing subscription
-				 * statistics.
-				 */
-			case 'S':
-				{
-					PgStat_StatSubEntry subbuf;
-					PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-					if (fread(&subbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), fpin)
-							!= sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry))
-					{
-						ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-										statfile)));
-						goto done;
-					}
-
-					if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-					{
-						HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-						hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-						hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry);
-						hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-						subscriptionStatHash = hash_create("Subscription hash",
-														   PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE,
-														   &hash_ctl,
-														   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-					}
-
-					subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash,
-																   (void *) &subbuf.subid,
-																   HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-
-					memcpy(subentry, &subbuf, sizeof(subbuf));
-					break;
-				}
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-								statfile)));
-				goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-
-	/* If requested to read the permanent file, also get rid of it. */
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-
-	return dbhash;
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_read_db_statsfile() -
- *
- *	Reads in the existing statistics collector file for the given database,
- *	filling the passed-in tables and functions hash tables.
- *
- *	As in pgstat_read_statsfiles, if the permanent file is requested, it is
- *	removed after reading.
- *
- *	Note: this code has the ability to skip storing per-table or per-function
- *	data, if NULL is passed for the corresponding hashtable.  That's not used
- *	at the moment though.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-						 bool permanent)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry tabbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry funcbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	bool		found;
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, databaseid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
-	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
-	 * condition is suspicious.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
+			ereport(LOG,
 					(errcode_for_file_access(),
 					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
 							statfile)));
@@ -2814,95 +1569,163 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
 	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
 		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
 	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
+		ereport(LOG,
 				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
 		goto done;
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * Read bgwiter stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats), fpin) !=
+		sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats))
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		MemSet(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Read checkpointer stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats), fpin) !=
+		sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats))
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		MemSet(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Read archiver stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats),
+			  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats))
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		MemSet(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Read WAL stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->wal.stats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats), fpin)
+		!= sizeof(PgStat_WalStats))
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		MemSet(&pgStatShmem->wal.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Read SLRU stats struct
+	 */
+	if (fread(&pgStatShmem->slru.stats, 1, SizeOfSlruStats, fpin) != SizeOfSlruStats)
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We found an existing activity statistics file. Read it and put all the
+	 * hash table entries into place.
 	 */
 	for (;;)
 	{
 		switch (fgetc(fpin))
 		{
-				/*
-				 * 'T'	A PgStat_StatTabEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'T':
-				if (fread(&tabbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry))
+			case 'S':
 				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
+					PgStatHashKey key;
+					PgStatShmHashEntry *p;
+					PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *header;
+					size_t		len;
+
+					CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+					if (fread(&key, 1, sizeof(key), fpin) != sizeof(key))
+					{
+						ereport(LOG,
+								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+						goto done;
+					}
+
+					/*
+					 * This intentionally doesn't use pgstat_shared_ref_get()
+					 * - putting all stats into checkpointer's
+					 * pgStatSharedRefHash would be wasted effort and memory.
+					 */
+					p = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatSharedHash, &key, &found);
+
+					/* don't allow duplicate entries */
+					if (found)
+					{
+						dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, p);
+						ereport(LOG,
+								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
+										statfile)));
+						goto done;
+					}
+
+					header = pgstat_shared_stat_entry_init(key.kind, p, 1);
+					dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, p);
+
+					/* Avoid overwriting header part */
+					len = shared_stat_entry_len(key.kind);
+
+					if (fread(shared_stat_entry_data(key.kind, header), 1, len, fpin) != len)
+					{
+						ereport(LOG,
+								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+						goto done;
+					}
 
-				/*
-				 * Skip if table data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (tabhash == NULL)
 					break;
-
-				tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(tabhash,
-															   (void *) &tabbuf.tableid,
-															   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
 				}
 
-				memcpy(tabentry, &tabbuf, sizeof(tabbuf));
+				/*
+				 * 'R'	A PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry struct describing a
+				 * replication slot follows.
+				 */
+			case 'R':
+				{
+					PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry tmp;
+
+					if (fread(&tmp, 1, sizeof(tmp), fpin) != sizeof(tmp))
+					{
+						ereport(LOG,
+								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+						goto done;
+					}
+
+					/*
+					 * AFIXME: ask slot.c for the proper index - it may be
+					 * different from before. Then we can remove
+					 * PgStat_ReplSlotStats.index.
+					 */
+
+					if (tmp.index < max_replication_slots)
+						pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[tmp.index] = tmp;
+				}
 				break;
 
-				/*
-				 * 'F'	A PgStat_StatFuncEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'F':
-				if (fread(&funcbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Skip if function data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (funchash == NULL)
-					break;
-
-				funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(funchash,
-																 (void *) &funcbuf.functionid,
-																 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(funcentry, &funcbuf, sizeof(funcbuf));
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'E'	The EOF marker of a complete stats file.
-				 */
 			case 'E':
 				goto done;
 
 			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
+				ereport(LOG,
 						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
 								statfile)));
 				goto done;
@@ -2912,1533 +1735,958 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
 done:
 	FreeFile(fpin);
 
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
+	elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+	unlink(statfile);
+
+	return;
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp() -
- *
- *	Attempt to determine the timestamp of the last db statfile write.
- *	Returns true if successful; the timestamp is stored in *ts. The caller must
- *	rely on timestamp stored in *ts iff the function returns true.
- *
- *	This needs to be careful about handling databases for which no stats file
- *	exists, such as databases without a stat entry or those not yet written:
- *
- *	- if there's a database entry in the global file, return the corresponding
- *	stats_timestamp value.
- *
- *	- if there's no db stat entry (e.g. for a new or inactive database),
- *	there's no stats_timestamp value, but also nothing to write so we return
- *	the timestamp of the global statfile.
- * ----------
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(Oid databaseid, bool permanent,
-								   TimestampTz *ts)
+static PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *
+pgstat_shared_stat_entry_init(PgStatKind kind,
+							  PgStatShmHashEntry *shhashent,
+							  int init_refcount)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbentry;
-	PgStat_GlobalStats myGlobalStats;
-	PgStat_ArchiverStats myArchiverStats;
-	PgStat_WalStats myWalStats;
-	PgStat_SLRUStats mySLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry myReplSlotStats;
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry mySubStats;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
+	/* Create new stats entry. */
+	dsa_pointer chunk;
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *shheader;
 
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file.  As above, anything but ENOENT is worthy of
-	 * complaining about.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return false;
-	}
+	LWLockInitialize(&shhashent->lock, LWTRANCHE_STATS);
+	pg_atomic_init_u32(&shhashent->refcount, init_refcount);
+	shhashent->dropped = false;
 
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
+	chunk = dsa_allocate0(pgStatDSA, pgstat_kind_infos[kind].shared_size);
+	shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, chunk);
+	shheader->magic = 0xdeadbeef;
 
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myGlobalStats, 1, sizeof(myGlobalStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myGlobalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
+	/* Link the new entry from the hash entry. */
+	shhashent->body = chunk;
 
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myArchiverStats, 1, sizeof(myArchiverStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myArchiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myWalStats, 1, sizeof(myWalStats), fpin) != sizeof(myWalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(mySLRUStats, 1, sizeof(mySLRUStats), fpin) != sizeof(mySLRUStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/* By default, we're going to return the timestamp of the global file. */
-	*ts = myGlobalStats.stats_timestamp;
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file.  Read it and look for a
-	 * record for the requested database.  If found, use its timestamp.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbentry, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * If this is the DB we're looking for, save its timestamp and
-				 * we're done.
-				 */
-				if (dbentry.databaseid == databaseid)
-				{
-					*ts = dbentry.stats_timestamp;
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry struct describing a
-				 * replication slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				if (fread(&myReplSlotStats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'S'	A PgStat_StatSubEntry struct describing subscription
-				 * statistics follows.
-				 */
-			case 'S':
-				if (fread(&mySubStats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-				break;
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-	return true;
+	return shheader;
 }
 
 /*
- * If not already done, read the statistics collector stats file into
- * some hash tables.  The results will be kept until pgstat_clear_snapshot()
- * is called (typically, at end of transaction).
+ * Helper function for pgstat_shared_ref_get().
  */
-static void
-backend_read_statsfile(void)
+static bool
+pgstat_shared_ref_get_cached(PgStatHashKey key, PgStatSharedRef **shared_ref_p)
 {
-	TimestampTz min_ts = 0;
-	TimestampTz ref_ts = 0;
-	Oid			inquiry_db;
-	int			count;
+	bool found;
+	PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *cache_entry;
 
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
-	/* already read it? */
-	if (pgStatDBHash)
-		return;
-	Assert(!pgStatRunningInCollector);
+	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
 
-	/*
-	 * In a normal backend, we check staleness of the data for our own DB, and
-	 * so we send MyDatabaseId in inquiry messages.  In the autovac launcher,
-	 * check staleness of the shared-catalog data, and send InvalidOid in
-	 * inquiry messages so as not to force writing unnecessary data.
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		inquiry_db = InvalidOid;
-	else
-		inquiry_db = MyDatabaseId;
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop until fresh enough stats file is available or we ran out of time.
-	 * The stats inquiry message is sent repeatedly in case collector drops
-	 * it; but not every single time, as that just swamps the collector.
-	 */
-	for (count = 0; count < PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT; count++)
+	if (!pgStatSharedRefHash)
 	{
-		bool		ok;
-		TimestampTz file_ts = 0;
-		TimestampTz cur_ts;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		ok = pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(inquiry_db, false, &file_ts);
-
-		cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-		/* Calculate min acceptable timestamp, if we didn't already */
-		if (count == 0 || cur_ts < ref_ts)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * We set the minimum acceptable timestamp to PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-			 * msec before now.  This indirectly ensures that the collector
-			 * needn't write the file more often than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL. In
-			 * an autovacuum worker, however, we want a lower delay to avoid
-			 * using stale data, so we use PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY (since the
-			 * number of workers is low, this shouldn't be a problem).
-			 *
-			 * We don't recompute min_ts after sleeping, except in the
-			 * unlikely case that cur_ts went backwards.  So we might end up
-			 * accepting a file a bit older than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.  In
-			 * practice that shouldn't happen, though, as long as the sleep
-			 * time is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL; and we don't want to
-			 * tell the collector that our cutoff time is less than what we'd
-			 * actually accept.
-			 */
-			ref_ts = cur_ts;
-			if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY);
-			else
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL);
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * If the file timestamp is actually newer than cur_ts, we must have
-		 * had a clock glitch (system time went backwards) or there is clock
-		 * skew between our processor and the stats collector's processor.
-		 * Accept the file, but send an inquiry message anyway to make
-		 * pgstat_recv_inquiry do a sanity check on the collector's time.
-		 */
-		if (ok && file_ts > cur_ts)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * A small amount of clock skew between processors isn't terribly
-			 * surprising, but a large difference is worth logging.  We
-			 * arbitrarily define "large" as 1000 msec.
-			 */
-			if (file_ts >= TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(cur_ts, 1000))
-			{
-				char	   *filetime;
-				char	   *mytime;
-
-				/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-				filetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(file_ts));
-				mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("statistics collector's time %s is later than backend local time %s",
-								filetime, mytime)));
-				pfree(filetime);
-				pfree(mytime);
-			}
-
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-			break;
-		}
-
-		/* Normal acceptance case: file is not older than cutoff time */
-		if (ok && file_ts >= min_ts)
-			break;
-
-		/* Not there or too old, so kick the collector and wait a bit */
-		if ((count % PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT) == 0)
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-
-		pg_usleep(PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY * 1000L);
+		pgStatSharedRefHash =
+			pgstat_shared_ref_hash_create(pgStatSharedRefContext,
+										  PGSTAT_TABLE_HASH_SIZE, NULL);
+		pgStatSharedRefAge =
+			pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count);
 	}
 
-	if (count >= PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT)
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("using stale statistics instead of current ones "
-						"because stats collector is not responding")));
-
 	/*
-	 * Autovacuum launcher wants stats about all databases, but a shallow read
-	 * is sufficient.  Regular backends want a deep read for just the tables
-	 * they can see (MyDatabaseId + shared catalogs).
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, false, false);
-	else
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(MyDatabaseId, false, true);
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_inquiry() -
- *
- *	Process stat inquiry requests.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "received inquiry for database %u", msg->databaseid);
-
-	/*
-	 * If there's already a write request for this DB, there's nothing to do.
+	 * pgStatSharedRefAge increments quite slowly than the time the
+	 * following loop takes so this is expected to iterate no more than
+	 * twice.
 	 *
-	 * Note that if a request is found, we return early and skip the below
-	 * check for clock skew.  This is okay, since the only way for a DB
-	 * request to be present in the list is that we have been here since the
-	 * last write round.  It seems sufficient to check for clock skew once per
-	 * write round.
+	 * XXX: Why is this a good place to do this?
 	 */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, msg->databaseid))
-		return;
+	while (pgstat_shared_refs_need_gc())
+		pgstat_shared_refs_gc();
 
 	/*
-	 * Check to see if we last wrote this database at a time >= the requested
-	 * cutoff time.  If so, this is a stale request that was generated before
-	 * we updated the DB file, and we don't need to do so again.
-	 *
-	 * If the requestor's local clock time is older than stats_timestamp, we
-	 * should suspect a clock glitch, ie system time going backwards; though
-	 * the more likely explanation is just delayed message receipt.  It is
-	 * worth expending a GetCurrentTimestamp call to be sure, since a large
-	 * retreat in the system clock reading could otherwise cause us to neglect
-	 * to update the stats file for a long time.
+	 * We immediately insert a cache entry, because it avoids 1) multiple
+	 * hashtable lookups in case of a cache miss 2) having to deal with
+	 * out-of-memory errors after incrementing
+	 * PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader->refcount.
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->databaseid, false);
-	if (dbentry == NULL)
+
+	cache_entry = pgstat_shared_ref_hash_insert(pgStatSharedRefHash, key, &found);
+
+	if (!found || !cache_entry->shared_ref)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+		cache_entry->shared_ref = shared_ref =
+			MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatSharedRefContext,
+							   sizeof(PgStatSharedRef));
+		shared_ref->shared_stats = NULL;
+		shared_ref->shared_entry = NULL;
+		shared_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else if (cache_entry->shared_ref->shared_stats == NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(cache_entry->shared_ref->shared_entry == NULL);
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
+
+		shared_ref = cache_entry->shared_ref;
+		Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry != NULL);
+		Assert(shared_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
+
+		Assert(shared_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		/* should have at least our reference */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&shared_ref->shared_entry->refcount) > 0);
+	}
+
+	*shared_ref_p = cache_entry->shared_ref;
+	return found;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get a shared stats reference. If create is true, the shared stats object is
+ * created if it does not exist.
+ */
+PgStatSharedRef *
+pgstat_shared_ref_get(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool create)
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *shhashent;
+	PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *shheader = NULL;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	bool		shfound;
+
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+
+	key.kind = type;
+	key.dboid = dboid;
+	key.objoid = objoid;
+
+	Assert(pgStatSharedHash != NULL);
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	/*
+	 * First check the lookup cache hashtable in local memory. If we find a
+	 * match here we can avoid taking locks / contention.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_shared_ref_get_cached(key, &shared_ref))
+		return shared_ref;
+
+	Assert(shared_ref != NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Do a lookup in the hash table first - it's quite likely that the entry
+	 * already exists, and that way we only need a shared lock.
+	 */
+	shhashent = dshash_find(pgStatSharedHash, &key, false);
+
+	if (shhashent)
+		shfound = true;
+	else if (create)
 	{
 		/*
-		 * We have no data for this DB.  Enter a write request anyway so that
-		 * the global stats will get updated.  This is needed to prevent
-		 * backend_read_statsfile from waiting for data that we cannot supply,
-		 * in the case of a new DB that nobody has yet reported any stats for.
-		 * See the behavior of pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp.
+		 * It's possible that somebody created the entry since the above
+		 * lookup, fall through to the same path as before if so.
 		 */
-	}
-	else if (msg->clock_time < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-	{
-		TimestampTz cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		if (cur_ts < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
+		shhashent = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatSharedHash, &key, &shfound);
+		if (!shfound)
 		{
 			/*
-			 * Sure enough, time went backwards.  Force a new stats file write
-			 * to get back in sync; but first, log a complaint.
+			 * Initialize refcount to 2, (1 marking it as valid, one for the
+			 * local reference). That prevents another backend from freeing
+			 * the entry once we release the lock below. The entry can't be
+			 * freed before the initialization because it can't be found as
+			 * long as we hold the dshash partition lock.
 			 */
-			char	   *writetime;
-			char	   *mytime;
+			shheader = pgstat_shared_stat_entry_init(type, shhashent, 2);
 
-			/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-			writetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(dbentry->stats_timestamp));
-			mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("stats_timestamp %s is later than collector's time %s for database %u",
-							writetime, mytime, dbentry->databaseid)));
-			pfree(writetime);
-			pfree(mytime);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Nope, it's just an old request.  Assuming msg's clock_time is
-			 * >= its cutoff_time, it must be stale, so we can ignore it.
-			 */
-			return;
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, shhashent);
+
+			shared_ref->shared_stats = shheader;
+			shared_ref->shared_entry = shhashent;
 		}
 	}
-	else if (msg->cutoff_time <= dbentry->stats_timestamp)
+	else
 	{
-		/* Stale request, ignore it */
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We need to write this DB, so create a request.
-	 */
-	pending_write_requests = lappend_oid(pending_write_requests,
-										 msg->databaseid);
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_tabstat() -
- *
- *	Count what the backend has done.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	int			i;
-	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Update database-wide stats.
-	 */
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_commit);
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_rollback);
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time += msg->m_block_read_time;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time += msg->m_block_write_time;
-
-	dbentry->total_session_time += msg->m_session_time;
-	dbentry->total_active_time += msg->m_active_time;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += msg->m_idle_in_xact_time;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		PgStat_TableEntry *tabmsg = &(msg->m_entry[i]);
-
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &(tabmsg->t_id),
-													   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new table entry, initialize counters to the values we
-			 * just got.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans = tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze = tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-
-			tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans += tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-			/*
-			 * If table was truncated/dropped, first reset the live/dead
-			 * counters.
-			 */
-			if (tabmsg->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
-			{
-				tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-			}
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze += tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-		}
-
-		/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
-		/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
+		shfound = false;
 
 		/*
-		 * Add per-table stats to the per-database entry, too.
+		 * If we're not creating, delete the reference again. In all
+		 * likelihood it's just a stats lookup - no point wasting memory for a
+		 * shared ref to nothing...
 		 */
-		dbentry->n_tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-	}
-}
+		pgstat_shared_ref_release(key, shared_ref);
 
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_tabpurge() -
- *
- *	Arrange for dead table removal.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->tables)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_tableid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_dropdb() -
- *
- *	Arrange for dead database removal
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len)
-{
-	Oid			dbid = msg->m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(dbid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * If found, remove it (along with the db statfile).
-	 */
-	if (dbentry)
-	{
-		char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-
-		if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-		if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-		if (hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-						(void *) &dbid,
-						HASH_REMOVE, NULL) == NULL)
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errmsg("database hash table corrupted during cleanup --- abort")));
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetcounter() -
- *
- *	Reset the statistics for the specified database.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.  Nothing to do if not there.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * We simply throw away all the database's table entries by recreating a
-	 * new hash table for them.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-	dbentry->tables = NULL;
-	dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * Reset database-level stats, too.  This creates empty hash tables for
-	 * tables and functions.
-	 */
-	reset_dbentry_counters(dbentry);
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter() -
- *
- *	Reset some shared statistics of the cluster.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_resettarget == RESET_BGWRITER)
-	{
-		/* Reset the global, bgwriter and checkpointer statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == RESET_ARCHIVER)
-	{
-		/* Reset the archiver statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == RESET_WAL)
-	{
-		/* Reset the WAL statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Presumably the sender of this message validated the target, don't
-	 * complain here if it's not valid
-	 */
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter() -
- *
- *	Reset a statistics for a single object, which may be of current
- *	database or shared across all databases in the cluster.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	if (IsSharedRelation(msg->m_objectid))
-		dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(InvalidOid, false);
-	else
-		dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-	/* Remove object if it exists, ignore it if not */
-	if (msg->m_resettype == RESET_TABLE)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	else if (msg->m_resettype == RESET_FUNCTION)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter() -
- *
- *	Reset some SLRU statistics of the cluster.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			i;
-	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-	{
-		/* reset entry with the given index, or all entries (index is -1) */
-		if ((msg->m_index == -1) || (msg->m_index == i))
-		{
-			memset(&slruStats[i], 0, sizeof(slruStats[i]));
-			slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter() -
- *
- *	Reset some replication slot statistics of the cluster.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg,
-								 int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/* Return if we don't have replication slot statistics */
-	if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	if (msg->clearall)
-	{
-		HASH_SEQ_STATUS sstat;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&sstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&sstat)) != NULL)
-			pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, ts);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Get the slot statistics to reset */
-		slotent = pgstat_get_replslot_entry(msg->m_slotname, false);
-
-		/*
-		 * Nothing to do if the given slot entry is not found.  This could
-		 * happen when the slot with the given name is removed and the
-		 * corresponding statistics entry is also removed before receiving the
-		 * reset message.
-		 */
-		if (!slotent)
-			return;
-
-		/* Reset the stats for the requested replication slot */
-		pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, ts);
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter() -
- *
- *	Reset some subscription statistics of the cluster.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/* Return if we don't have replication subscription statistics */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	if (!OidIsValid(msg->m_subid))
-	{
-		HASH_SEQ_STATUS sstat;
-
-		/* Clear all subscription counters */
-		hash_seq_init(&sstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&sstat)) != NULL)
-			pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, ts);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Get the subscription statistics to reset */
-		subentry = pgstat_get_subscription_entry(msg->m_subid, false);
-
-		/*
-		 * Nothing to do if the given subscription entry is not found.  This
-		 * could happen when the subscription with the subid is removed and
-		 * the corresponding statistics entry is also removed before receiving
-		 * the reset message.
-		 */
-		if (!subentry)
-			return;
-
-		/* Reset the stats for the requested subscription */
-		pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, ts);
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_autovac() -
- *
- *	Process an autovacuum signaling message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Store the last autovacuum time in the database's hashtable entry.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = msg->m_start_time;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_vacuum() -
- *
- *	Process a VACUUM message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
-
-	/*
-	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
-	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
-	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
-	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
-	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
-	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
-	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
-	 * stragglers.
-	 */
-	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
-	{
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_analyze() -
- *
- *	Process an ANALYZE message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
-
-	/*
-	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
-	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
-	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
-	 */
-	if (msg->m_resetcounter)
-		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
-
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
-	{
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->analyze_count++;
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_archiver() -
- *
- *	Process a ARCHIVER message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_failed)
-	{
-		/* Failed archival attempt */
-		++archiverStats.failed_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_failed_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_failed_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_failed_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Successful archival operation */
-		++archiverStats.archived_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_archived_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_archived_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_archived_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_bgwriter() -
- *
- *	Process a BGWRITER message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_written_clean += msg->m_buf_written_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.maxwritten_clean += msg->m_maxwritten_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_alloc += msg->m_buf_alloc;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_checkpointer() -
- *
- *	Process a CHECKPOINTER message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.checkpointer.timed_checkpoints += msg->m_timed_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.requested_checkpoints += msg->m_requested_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_write_time += msg->m_checkpoint_write_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_sync_time += msg->m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_checkpoints += msg->m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_backend += msg->m_buf_written_backend;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_fsync_backend += msg->m_buf_fsync_backend;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_wal() -
- *
- *	Process a WAL message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len)
-{
-	walStats.wal_records += msg->m_wal_records;
-	walStats.wal_fpi += msg->m_wal_fpi;
-	walStats.wal_bytes += msg->m_wal_bytes;
-	walStats.wal_buffers_full += msg->m_wal_buffers_full;
-	walStats.wal_write += msg->m_wal_write;
-	walStats.wal_sync += msg->m_wal_sync;
-	walStats.wal_write_time += msg->m_wal_write_time;
-	walStats.wal_sync_time += msg->m_wal_sync_time;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_slru() -
- *
- *	Process a SLRU message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len)
-{
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_zeroed += msg->m_blocks_zeroed;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_hit += msg->m_blocks_hit;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_read += msg->m_blocks_read;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_written += msg->m_blocks_written;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_exists += msg->m_blocks_exists;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].flush += msg->m_flush;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].truncate += msg->m_truncate;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict() -
- *
- *	Process a RECOVERYCONFLICT message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	switch (msg->m_reason)
-	{
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
-
-			/*
-			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
-			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
-			 */
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
-			break;
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_deadlock() -
- *
- *	Process a DEADLOCK message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks++;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_checksum_failure() -
- *
- *	Process a CHECKSUMFAILURE message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures += msg->m_failurecount;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = msg->m_failure_time;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_replslot() -
- *
- *	Process a REPLSLOT message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_drop)
-	{
-		Assert(!msg->m_create);
-
-		/* Remove the replication slot statistics with the given name */
-		if (replSlotStatHash != NULL)
-			(void) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-							   (void *) &(msg->m_slotname),
-							   HASH_REMOVE,
-							   NULL);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-		slotent = pgstat_get_replslot_entry(msg->m_slotname, true);
-		Assert(slotent);
-
-		if (msg->m_create)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If the message for dropping the slot with the same name gets
-			 * lost, slotent has stats for the old slot. So we initialize all
-			 * counters at slot creation.
-			 */
-			pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, 0);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/* Update the replication slot statistics */
-			slotent->spill_txns += msg->m_spill_txns;
-			slotent->spill_count += msg->m_spill_count;
-			slotent->spill_bytes += msg->m_spill_bytes;
-			slotent->stream_txns += msg->m_stream_txns;
-			slotent->stream_count += msg->m_stream_count;
-			slotent->stream_bytes += msg->m_stream_bytes;
-			slotent->total_txns += msg->m_total_txns;
-			slotent->total_bytes += msg->m_total_bytes;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_connect() -
- *
- *	Process a CONNECT message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_connect(PgStat_MsgConnect *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-	dbentry->n_sessions++;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_disconnect() -
- *
- *	Process a DISCONNECT message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_disconnect(PgStat_MsgDisconnect *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	switch (msg->m_cause)
-	{
-		case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
-		case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
-			/* we don't collect these */
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
-			break;
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_tempfile() -
- *
- *	Process a TEMPFILE message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes += msg->m_filesize;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files += 1;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_funcstat() -
- *
- *	Count what the backend has done.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry *funcmsg = &(msg->m_entry[0]);
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			i;
-	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++, funcmsg++)
-	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &(funcmsg->f_id),
-														 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new function entry, initialize counters to the values
-			 * we just got.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls = funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time = funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time = funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls += funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time += funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time += funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_funcpurge() -
- *
- *	Arrange for dead function removal.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->functions)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_functionid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_subscription_drop() -
- *
- *	Process a SUBSCRIPTIONDROP message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop *msg, int len)
-{
-	/* Return if we don't have replication subscription statistics */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not */
-	(void) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash, (void *) &(msg->m_subid),
-					   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_subscription_error() -
- *
- *	Process a SUBSCRIPTIONERROR message.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-	/* Get the subscription stats */
-	subentry = pgstat_get_subscription_entry(msg->m_subid, true);
-	Assert(subentry);
-
-	if (msg->m_is_apply_error)
-		subentry->apply_error_count++;
-	else
-		subentry->sync_error_count++;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_write_statsfile_needed() -
- *
- *	Do we need to write out any stats files?
- * ----------
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void)
-{
-	if (pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
-
-	/* Everything was written recently */
-	return false;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_db_requested() -
- *
- *	Checks whether stats for a particular DB need to be written to a file.
- * ----------
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid)
-{
-	/*
-	 * If any requests are outstanding at all, we should write the stats for
-	 * shared catalogs (the "database" with OID 0).  This ensures that
-	 * backends will see up-to-date stats for shared catalogs, even though
-	 * they send inquiry messages mentioning only their own DB.
-	 */
-	if (databaseid == InvalidOid && pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
-
-	/* Search to see if there's an open request to write this database. */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, databaseid))
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_replslot_entry
- *
- * Return the entry of replication slot stats with the given name. Return
- * NULL if not found and the caller didn't request to create it.
- *
- * create tells whether to create the new slot entry if it is not found.
- * ----------
- */
-static PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
-pgstat_get_replslot_entry(NameData name, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-	bool		found;
-
-	if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-		/*
-		 * Quick return NULL if the hash table is empty and the caller didn't
-		 * request to create the entry.
-		 */
-		if (!create)
-			return NULL;
-
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(NameData);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry);
-		replSlotStatHash = hash_create("Replication slots hash",
-									   PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE,
-									   &hash_ctl,
-									   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-													   (void *) &name,
-													   create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND,
-													   &found);
-
-	if (!slotent)
-	{
-		/* not found */
-		Assert(!create && !found);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	/* initialize the entry */
-	if (create && !found)
+	if (shfound)
 	{
-		namestrcpy(&(slotent->slotname), NameStr(name));
-		pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, 0);
+		shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, shhashent->body);
+
+		Assert(shheader->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		Assert(shhashent->dropped || pg_atomic_read_u32(&shhashent->refcount) > 0);
+
+		pg_atomic_fetch_add_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+
+		dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, shhashent);
+
+		shared_ref->shared_stats = shheader;
+		shared_ref->shared_entry = shhashent;
 	}
 
-	return slotent;
+	return shared_ref;
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_reset_replslot
- *
- * Reset the given replication slot stats.
- * ----------
- */
 static void
-pgstat_reset_replslot(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent, TimestampTz ts)
+pgstat_shared_ref_release(PgStatHashKey key, PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref)
 {
-	/* reset only counters. Don't clear slot name */
-	slotent->spill_txns = 0;
-	slotent->spill_count = 0;
-	slotent->spill_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->stream_txns = 0;
-	slotent->stream_count = 0;
-	slotent->stream_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->total_txns = 0;
-	slotent->total_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-}
+	Assert(shared_ref == NULL || shared_ref->pending == NULL);
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_get_subscription_entry
- *
- * Return the subscription statistics entry with the given subscription OID.
- * If no subscription entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is
- * true.  Else, return NULL.
- * ----------
- */
-static PgStat_StatSubEntry *
-pgstat_get_subscription_entry(Oid subid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
+	if (shared_ref && shared_ref->shared_stats)
 	{
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
+		Assert(shared_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		Assert(shared_ref->pending == NULL);
 
 		/*
-		 * Quick return NULL if the hash table is empty and the caller didn't
-		 * request to create the entry.
+		 * AFIXME: this probably is racy. Another backend could look up the
+		 * stat, bump the refcount, as we free it.
 		 */
-		if (!create)
-			return NULL;
+		if (pg_atomic_fetch_sub_u32(&shared_ref->shared_entry->refcount, 1) == 1)
+		{
+			PgStatShmHashEntry *shent;
+			dsa_pointer dsap;
 
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry);
-		subscriptionStatHash = hash_create("Subscription hash",
-										   PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE,
-										   &hash_ctl,
-										   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
+			/*
+			 * We're the last referrer to this entry, try to drop the shared
+			 * entry.
+			 */
+
+			/* only dropped entries can reach a 0 refcount */
+			Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry->dropped);
+
+			shent = dshash_find(pgStatSharedHash,
+								&shared_ref->shared_entry->key,
+								true);
+			if (!shent)
+				elog(PANIC, "could not find just referenced shared stats entry");
+
+			if (pg_atomic_read_u32(&shared_ref->shared_entry->refcount) != 0)
+				elog(PANIC, "concurrent access to stats entry during deletion");
+
+			Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry == shent);
+
+			/*
+			 * Fetch dsa pointer before deleting entry - that way we can free the
+			 * memory after releasing the lock.
+			 */
+			dsap = shent->body;
+
+			dshash_delete_entry(pgStatSharedHash, shent);
+
+			dsa_free(pgStatDSA, dsap);
+			shared_ref->shared_stats = NULL;
+		}
 	}
 
-	subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash,
-												   (void *) &subid,
-												   action, &found);
+	if (!pgstat_shared_ref_hash_delete(pgStatSharedRefHash, key))
+		elog(PANIC, "something has gone wrong");
 
-	if (!create && !found)
+	if (shared_ref)
+		pfree(shared_ref);
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_shared_stat_lock(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	LWLock *lock = &shared_ref->shared_entry->lock;
+
+	if (nowait)
+		return LWLockConditionalAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref)
+{
+	LWLockRelease(&shared_ref->shared_entry->lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function to fetch and lock shared stats.
+ */
+PgStatSharedRef *
+pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	/* find shared table stats entry corresponding to the local entry */
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(type, dboid, objoid, true);
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, nowait))
 		return NULL;
 
-	/* If not found, initialize the new one */
-	if (!found)
-		pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, 0);
-
-	return subentry;
+	return shared_ref;
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_reset_subscription
+/*
+ * The length of the data portion of a shared memory stats entry (i.e. without
+ * transient data such as refcoutns, lwlocks, ...).
+ */
+static inline size_t
+shared_stat_entry_len(PgStatKind kind)
+{
+	size_t		sz = pgstat_kind_infos[kind].shared_data_len;
+
+	AssertArg(kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST);
+	Assert(sz != 0 && sz < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return sz;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a pointer to the data portion of a shared memory stats entry.
+ */
+static inline void*
+shared_stat_entry_data(PgStatKind kind, PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *entry)
+{
+	size_t		off = pgstat_kind_infos[kind].shared_data_off;
+
+	AssertArg(kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST);
+	Assert(off != 0 && off < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return ((char *)(entry)) + off;
+}
+
+static bool
+pgstat_shared_refs_need_gc(void)
+{
+	uint64		currage;
+
+	if (!pgStatSharedRefHash)
+		return false;
+
+	currage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count);
+
+	return pgStatSharedRefAge != currage;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_shared_refs_gc(void)
+{
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *ent;
+	uint64		currage;
+
+	currage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count);
+
+	/*
+	 * Some entries have been dropped. Invalidate cache pointer to
+	 * them.
+	 */
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatSharedRefHash, &i);
+	while ((ent = pgstat_shared_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatSharedRefHash, &i)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref = ent->shared_ref;
+
+		Assert(!shared_ref->shared_stats || shared_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+
+		/* cannot gc shared ref that has pending data */
+		if (shared_ref->pending != NULL)
+			continue;
+
+		if (shared_ref->shared_stats && shared_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+			pgstat_shared_ref_release(ent->key, shared_ref);
+	}
+
+	pgStatSharedRefAge = currage;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Release all local references to shared stats entries.
  *
- * Reset the given subscription stats.
- * ----------
+ * When a process exits it cannot do so while still holding references onto
+ * stats entries, otherwise the shared stats entries could never be freed.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_reset_subscription(PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry, TimestampTz ts)
+pgstat_shared_refs_release_all(void)
 {
-	subentry->apply_error_count = 0;
-	subentry->sync_error_count = 0;
-	subentry->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *ent;
+
+	if (pgStatSharedRefHash == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatSharedRefHash, &i);
+
+	while ((ent = pgstat_shared_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatSharedRefHash, &i))
+		   != NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(ent->shared_ref != NULL);
+
+		pgstat_shared_ref_release(ent->key, ent->shared_ref);
+	}
+
+	Assert(pgStatSharedRefHash->members == 0);
+	pgstat_shared_ref_hash_destroy(pgStatSharedRefHash);
+	pgStatSharedRefHash = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the appropriate PgStatSharedRef, preparing it to receive pending
+ * stats if not already done.
+ */
+PgStatSharedRef*
+pgstat_pending_prepare(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(type, dboid, objoid, true);
+
+	if (shared_ref->pending == NULL)
+	{
+		size_t entrysize = pgstat_kind_infos[type].pending_size;
+
+		Assert(entrysize != (size_t)-1);
+
+		shared_ref->pending = MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext, entrysize);
+		dlist_push_tail(&pgStatPending, &shared_ref->pending_node);
+	}
+
+	return shared_ref;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return an existing stats entry, or NULL.
+ *
+ * This should only be used for helper function for pgstatfuncs.c - outside of
+ * that it shouldn't be needed.
+ */
+PgStatSharedRef*
+pgstat_pending_fetch(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(type, dboid, objoid, false);
+
+	if (shared_ref == NULL || shared_ref->pending == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return shared_ref;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_pending_delete(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref)
+{
+	void *pending_data = shared_ref->pending;
+	PgStatKind kind;
+
+	Assert(pending_data != NULL);
+
+	/* FIXME: Move into a pgstat_kind_info callback */
+	kind = shared_ref->shared_entry->key.kind;
+	switch (kind)
+	{
+		case PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE:
+			pgstat_relation_delink(((PgStat_TableStatus *) pending_data)->relation);
+			break;
+		case PGSTAT_KIND_DB:
+		case PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION:
+		case PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION:
+			break;
+		default:
+			/* non-global stats should be explicitly handled */
+			Assert(pgstat_kind_infos[kind].is_global);
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected");
+			break;
+	}
+
+	pfree(pending_data);
+	shared_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+	dlist_delete(&shared_ref->pending_node);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush out pending stats for database objects (databases, relations,
+ * functions).
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_pending_flush_stats(bool nowait)
+{
+	bool		have_pending = false;
+	dlist_node *cur = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Need to be a bit careful iterating over the list of pending
+	 * entries. Processing a pending entry may queue further pending entries
+	 * to the end of the list that we want to process, so a simple iteration
+	 * won't do. Further complicating matter is that we want to delete the
+	 * current entry in each iteration from the list if we flushed
+	 * successfully.
+	 *
+	 * So we just keep track of the next pointer in each loop iteration.
+	 */
+	if (!dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending))
+		cur = dlist_head_node(&pgStatPending);
+
+	while (cur)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref
+			= dlist_container(PgStatSharedRef, pending_node, cur);
+		PgStatHashKey key;
+		bool		remove;
+		dlist_node *next;
+
+		key = shared_ref->shared_entry->key;
+
+		Assert(!pgstat_kind_infos[key.kind].is_global);
+		Assert(pgstat_kind_infos[key.kind].flush_pending_cb != NULL);
+
+		/* flush the stats, if possible */
+		remove = pgstat_kind_infos[key.kind].flush_pending_cb(shared_ref, nowait);
+
+		Assert(remove || nowait);
+
+		/* determine next entry, before deleting the pending entry */
+		if (dlist_has_next(&pgStatPending, cur))
+			next = dlist_next_node(&pgStatPending, cur);
+		else
+			next = NULL;
+
+		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
+		if (remove)
+			pgstat_pending_delete(shared_ref);
+		else
+			have_pending = true;
+
+		cur = next;
+	}
+
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending) == !have_pending);
+
+	return have_pending;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_schedule_create(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	int			nest_level = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
+	PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state;
+	PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *drop = (PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *)
+		MemoryContextAlloc(TopTransactionContext, sizeof(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem));
+
+	xact_state = pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(nest_level);
+
+	drop->is_create = true;
+	drop->item.kind = kind;
+	drop->item.dboid = dboid;
+	drop->item.objoid = objoid;
+
+	dlist_push_tail(&xact_state->pending_drops, &drop->node);
+	xact_state->pending_drops_count++;
+
+	/*
+	 * AFIXME: It would be a good idea to check if an object with that key
+	 * already exists. WARN if so, and reset the stats to 0.
+	 */
+}
+
+/*
+ * AFIXME: deduplicate with pgstat_schedule_create
+ * AFIXME: comment
+ * AFIXME: see notes about race conditions for functions in
+ *         pgstat_drop_function().
+ */
+void
+pgstat_schedule_drop(PgStatKind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	int			nest_level = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
+	PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state;
+	PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *drop = (PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *)
+		MemoryContextAlloc(TopTransactionContext, sizeof(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem));
+
+	xact_state = pgstat_xact_stack_level_get(nest_level);
+
+	drop->is_create = false;
+	drop->item.kind = kind;
+	drop->item.dboid = dboid;
+	drop->item.objoid = objoid;
+
+	dlist_push_tail(&xact_state->pending_drops, &drop->node);
+	xact_state->pending_drops_count++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Drop stats for the database and all the objects inside that database.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *p;
+	uint64		not_freed_count = 0;
+
+	Assert(OidIsValid(dboid));
+
+	Assert(pgStatSharedHash != NULL);
+
+	/* some of the dshash entries are to be removed, take exclusive lock. */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatSharedHash, true);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->key.dboid == dboid)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Even statistics for a dropped database might currently be
+			 * accessed (consider e.g. database stats for pg_stat_database).
+			 */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_stats_entry(&hstat))
+				not_freed_count++;
+		}
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * If some of the stats data could not be freed, signal the reference
+	 * holders to run garbage collection of their cached pgStatShmLookupCache.
+	 */
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pg_atomic_fetch_add_u64(&pgStatShmem->gc_count, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Drop a shared stats entry. The entry must be exclusively locked.
+ *
+ * This marks the shared entry as dropped. However, the shared hash table
+ * entry and the stats entry are only deleted if there are no remaining
+ * references.
+ *
+ * Returns whether the stats data could be freed or not.
+ *
+ * AFIXME: This needs to be deduplicated with pgstat_shared_ref_release(). But
+ * it's not entirely trivial, because we can't use plain dshash_delete_entry()
+ * (but have to use dshash_delete_current()).
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_drop_stats_entry(dshash_seq_status *hstat)
+{
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *ent;
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+	dsa_pointer pdsa;
+	bool		did_free;
+
+	ent = dshash_get_current(hstat);
+	key = ent->key;
+	pdsa = ent->body;
+
+	/*
+	 * Signal that the entry is dropped - this will eventually cause other
+	 * backends to release their references.
+	 */
+	Assert(!ent->dropped);
+	ent->dropped = true;
+
+	/*
+	 * This backend might very well be the only backend holding a
+	 * reference. Ensure that we're not preventing it from being cleaned up
+	 * till later.
+	 *
+	 * XXX: don't do this while holding the dshash lock.
+	 */
+	if (pgStatSharedRefHash)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *shared_ref_entry;
+
+		shared_ref_entry =
+			pgstat_shared_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatSharedRefHash, key);
+
+		if (shared_ref_entry && shared_ref_entry->shared_ref)
+		{
+			Assert(shared_ref_entry->shared_ref->shared_entry == ent);
+			pgstat_shared_ref_release(shared_ref_entry->key,
+									  shared_ref_entry->shared_ref);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now that the entry isn't needed anymore, remove the refcount
+	 * representing a valid entry. If that causes the refcount to reach 0 no
+	 * other backend can have a reference, so we can free.
+	 */
+	if (pg_atomic_fetch_sub_u32(&ent->refcount, 1) == 1)
+	{
+		dshash_delete_current(hstat);
+		dsa_free(pgStatDSA, pdsa);
+		did_free = true;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		did_free = false;
+	}
+
+	return did_free;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_perform_drop(PgStat_DroppedStatsItem *drop)
+{
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *shent;
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+
+	key.kind = drop->kind;
+	key.dboid = drop->dboid;
+	key.objoid = drop->objoid;
+
+	if (pgStatSharedRefHash)
+	{
+		PgStatSharedRefHashEntry *lohashent;
+
+		lohashent = pgstat_shared_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatSharedRefHash, key);
+
+		if (lohashent)
+		{
+			if (lohashent->shared_ref && lohashent->shared_ref->pending)
+				pgstat_pending_delete(lohashent->shared_ref);
+
+			pgstat_shared_ref_release(lohashent->key, lohashent->shared_ref);
+		}
+	}
+
+	shent = dshash_find(pgStatSharedHash, &key, true);
+	if (shent)
+	{
+		dsa_pointer pdsa;
+
+		Assert(shent->body != InvalidDsaPointer);
+		pdsa = shent->body;
+
+		/*
+		 * Signal that the entry is dropped - this will eventually cause other
+		 * backends to release their references.
+		 */
+
+		if (shent->dropped)
+			elog(ERROR, "can only drop stats once");
+		shent->dropped = true;
+
+		if (pg_atomic_fetch_sub_u32(&shent->refcount, 1) == 1)
+		{
+			dshash_delete_entry(pgStatSharedHash, shent);
+			dsa_free(pgStatDSA, pdsa);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatSharedHash, shent);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Fetching of stats
+ *------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+static void
+pgstat_fetch_prepare(void)
+{
+	if (stats_snapshot.stats == NULL)
+	{
+		pgstat_setup_memcxt();
+
+		stats_snapshot.stats = pgstat_snapshot_create(pgStatSnapshotContext,
+													  PGSTAT_TABLE_HASH_SIZE,
+													  NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_fetch_snapshot_build(void)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShmHashEntry *p;
+
+	pgstat_fetch_prepare();
+
+	Assert(stats_snapshot.stats->members == 0);
+
+	stats_snapshot.snapshot_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/*
+	 * Build snapshot all variable stats.
+	 */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatSharedHash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		bool found;
+		PgStatSnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+		size_t entry_len;
+		PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader *stats_data;
+
+		/*
+		 * Check if the stats object should be included in the
+		 * snapshot. Unless the stats kind can be accessed from all databases
+		 * (e.g. database stats themselves), we only include stats for the
+		 * current database or objects not associated with a database
+		 * (e.g. shared relations).
+		 */
+		if (p->key.dboid != MyDatabaseId &&
+			p->key.dboid != InvalidOid &&
+			!pgstat_kind_infos[p->key.kind].accessed_across_databases)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&p->refcount) > 0);
+
+		stats_data = dsa_get_address(pgStatDSA, p->body);
+		Assert(stats_data);
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(stats_snapshot.stats, p->key, &found);
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		entry_len = pgstat_kind_infos[p->key.kind].shared_size;
+		entry->data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatSnapshotContext, entry_len);
+		memcpy(entry->data,
+			   shared_stat_entry_data(p->key.kind, stats_data),
+			   entry_len);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * Build snapshot of all global stats.
+	 */
+	for (int kind = 0; kind < PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
+	{
+		if (!pgstat_kind_infos[kind].is_global)
+		{
+			Assert(pgstat_kind_infos[kind].snapshot_cb == NULL);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		Assert(pgstat_kind_infos[kind].snapshot_cb != NULL);
+
+		stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] = false;
+
+		pgstat_kind_infos[kind].snapshot_cb();
+
+		Assert(!stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+		stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] = true;
+	}
+
+	stats_snapshot.mode = STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT;
+}
+
+void*
+pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStatKind type, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStatHashKey key;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	void *stats_data;
+	size_t data_size;
+	size_t data_offset;
+
+	/* should be called from backends */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+
+	pgstat_fetch_prepare();
+
+	AssertArg(type <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST);
+	AssertArg(!pgstat_kind_infos[type].is_global);
+
+	key.kind = type;
+	key.dboid = dboid;
+	key.objoid = objoid;
+
+	/* if we need to build a full snapshot, do so */
+	if (stats_snapshot.mode != STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT &&
+		pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		pgstat_fetch_snapshot_build();
+
+	/* if caching is desired, look up in cache */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+	{
+		PgStatSnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_lookup(stats_snapshot.stats, key);
+
+		if (entry)
+			return entry->data;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * if we built a full snapshot and it's not in stats_snapshot.stats, it
+	 * doesn't exist.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		return NULL;
+
+	stats_snapshot.mode = pgstat_fetch_consistency;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(type, dboid, objoid, false);
+
+	if (shared_ref == NULL || shared_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+	{
+		/* FIXME: need to remember that STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE */
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * FIXME: For STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE, should we instead allocate
+	 * stats in calling context?
+	 */
+
+	data_size = pgstat_kind_infos[type].shared_data_len;
+	data_offset = pgstat_kind_infos[type].shared_data_off;
+	stats_data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatSnapshotContext, data_size);
+	memcpy(stats_data, ((char*) shared_ref->shared_stats) + data_offset, data_size);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+	{
+		PgStatSnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+		bool found;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(stats_snapshot.stats, key, &found);
+		entry->data = stats_data;
+	}
+
+	return stats_data;
+}
+
+/*
+ * AFIXME: consistent naming
+ * AFIXME: deduplicate some of this code with pgstat_fetch_snapshot_build().
+ *
+ * AFIXME: it'd be nicer if we passed .snapshot_cb() the target memory
+ * location, instead of putting PgStatSnapshot into pgstat_internal.h
+ */
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStatKind kind)
+{
+	AssertArg(kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST);
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_infos[kind].is_global);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+	{
+		if (stats_snapshot.mode != STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+			pgstat_fetch_snapshot_build();
+
+		Assert(stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] == true);
+	}
+	else if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE ||
+			 !stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind])
+	{
+		if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+			stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] = false;
+
+		pgstat_kind_infos[kind].snapshot_cb();
+
+		Assert(!stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+		stats_snapshot.global_valid[kind] = true;
+	}
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
index 80bb2695998..33e4bec9f68 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
@@ -255,7 +255,6 @@ static pid_t StartupPID = 0,
 			WalReceiverPID = 0,
 			AutoVacPID = 0,
 			PgArchPID = 0,
-			PgStatPID = 0,
 			SysLoggerPID = 0;
 
 /* Startup process's status */
@@ -517,7 +516,6 @@ typedef struct
 	PGPROC	   *AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PGPROC	   *PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-	InheritableSocket pgStatSock;
 	pid_t		PostmasterPid;
 	TimestampTz PgStartTime;
 	TimestampTz PgReloadTime;
@@ -652,9 +650,8 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 * CAUTION: when changing this list, check for side-effects on the signal
 	 * handling setup of child processes.  See tcop/postgres.c,
 	 * bootstrap/bootstrap.c, postmaster/bgwriter.c, postmaster/walwriter.c,
-	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/pgstat.c,
-	 * postmaster/syslogger.c, postmaster/bgworker.c and
-	 * postmaster/checkpointer.c.
+	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/syslogger.c,
+	 * postmaster/bgworker.c and postmaster/checkpointer.c.
 	 */
 	pqinitmask();
 	PG_SETMASK(&BlockSig);
@@ -1391,12 +1388,6 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 */
 	RemovePgTempFiles();
 
-	/*
-	 * Initialize stats collection subsystem (this does NOT start the
-	 * collector process!)
-	 */
-	pgstat_init();
-
 	/*
 	 * Initialize the autovacuum subsystem (again, no process start yet)
 	 */
@@ -1852,11 +1843,6 @@ ServerLoop(void)
 				start_autovac_launcher = false; /* signal processed */
 		}
 
-		/* If we have lost the stats collector, try to start a new one */
-		if (PgStatPID == 0 &&
-			(pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY))
-			PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		/* If we have lost the archiver, try to start a new one. */
 		if (PgArchPID == 0 && PgArchStartupAllowed())
 			PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
@@ -2791,8 +2777,6 @@ SIGHUP_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGHUP);
 		if (SysLoggerPID != 0)
 			signal_child(SysLoggerPID, SIGHUP);
-		if (PgStatPID != 0)
-			signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGHUP);
 
 		/* Reload authentication config files too */
 		if (!load_hba())
@@ -3121,8 +3105,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				AutoVacPID = StartAutoVacLauncher();
 			if (PgArchStartupAllowed() && PgArchPID == 0)
 				PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
-			if (PgStatPID == 0)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
 
 			/* workers may be scheduled to start now */
 			maybe_start_bgworkers();
@@ -3189,13 +3171,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				SignalChildren(SIGUSR2);
 
 				pmState = PM_SHUTDOWN_2;
-
-				/*
-				 * We can also shut down the stats collector now; there's
-				 * nothing left for it to do.
-				 */
-				if (PgStatPID != 0)
-					signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -3274,22 +3249,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * Was it the statistics collector?  If so, just try to start a new
-		 * one; no need to force reset of the rest of the system.  (If fail,
-		 * we'll try again in future cycles of the main loop.)
-		 */
-		if (pid == PgStatPID)
-		{
-			PgStatPID = 0;
-			if (!EXIT_STATUS_0(exitstatus))
-				LogChildExit(LOG, _("statistics collector process"),
-							 pid, exitstatus);
-			if (pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-			continue;
-		}
-
 		/* Was it the system logger?  If so, try to start a new one */
 		if (pid == SysLoggerPID)
 		{
@@ -3731,22 +3690,6 @@ HandleChildCrash(int pid, int exitstatus, const char *procname)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, (SendStop ? SIGSTOP : SIGQUIT));
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Force a power-cycle of the pgstat process too.  (This isn't absolutely
-	 * necessary, but it seems like a good idea for robustness, and it
-	 * simplifies the state-machine logic in the case where a shutdown request
-	 * arrives during crash processing.)
-	 */
-	if (PgStatPID != 0 && take_action)
-	{
-		ereport(DEBUG2,
-				(errmsg_internal("sending %s to process %d",
-								 "SIGQUIT",
-								 (int) PgStatPID)));
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
-		allow_immediate_pgstat_restart();
-	}
-
 	/* We do NOT restart the syslogger */
 
 	if (Shutdown != ImmediateShutdown)
@@ -3972,8 +3915,6 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 					SignalChildren(SIGQUIT);
 					if (PgArchPID != 0)
 						signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGQUIT);
-					if (PgStatPID != 0)
-						signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -3997,8 +3938,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 	{
 		/*
 		 * PM_WAIT_DEAD_END state ends when the BackendList is entirely empty
-		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiver and stats
-		 * collector are gone too.
+		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiveris gone too.
 		 *
 		 * The reason we wait for those two is to protect them against a new
 		 * postmaster starting conflicting subprocesses; this isn't an
@@ -4008,8 +3948,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 		 * normal state transition leading up to PM_WAIT_DEAD_END, or during
 		 * FatalError processing.
 		 */
-		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) &&
-			PgArchPID == 0 && PgStatPID == 0)
+		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) && PgArchPID == 0)
 		{
 			/* These other guys should be dead already */
 			Assert(StartupPID == 0);
@@ -4229,8 +4168,6 @@ TerminateChildren(int signal)
 		signal_child(AutoVacPID, signal);
 	if (PgArchPID != 0)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, signal);
-	if (PgStatPID != 0)
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, signal);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5162,12 +5099,6 @@ SubPostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 		StartBackgroundWorker();
 	}
-	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forkcol") == 0)
-	{
-		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
-
-		PgstatCollectorMain(argc, argv);	/* does not return */
-	}
 	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forklog") == 0)
 	{
 		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
@@ -5271,12 +5202,6 @@ sigusr1_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 	if (CheckPostmasterSignal(PMSIGNAL_BEGIN_HOT_STANDBY) &&
 		pmState == PM_RECOVERY && Shutdown == NoShutdown)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Likewise, start other special children as needed.
-		 */
-		Assert(PgStatPID == 0);
-		PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		ereport(LOG,
 				(errmsg("database system is ready to accept read-only connections")));
 
@@ -6192,7 +6117,6 @@ extern slock_t *ShmemLock;
 extern slock_t *ProcStructLock;
 extern PGPROC *AuxiliaryProcs;
 extern PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
 extern pg_time_t first_syslogger_file_time;
 
 #ifndef WIN32
@@ -6248,8 +6172,6 @@ save_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port,
 	param->AuxiliaryProcs = AuxiliaryProcs;
 	param->PreparedXactProcs = PreparedXactProcs;
 	param->PMSignalState = PMSignalState;
-	if (!write_inheritable_socket(&param->pgStatSock, pgStatSock, childPid))
-		return false;
 
 	param->PostmasterPid = PostmasterPid;
 	param->PgStartTime = PgStartTime;
@@ -6483,7 +6405,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	AuxiliaryProcs = param->AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PreparedXactProcs = param->PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalState = param->PMSignalState;
-	read_inheritable_socket(&pgStatSock, &param->pgStatSock);
 
 	PostmasterPid = param->PostmasterPid;
 	PgStartTime = param->PgStartTime;
@@ -6522,8 +6443,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	if (postmaster_alive_fds[1] >= 0)
 		ReserveExternalFD();
 #endif
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		ReserveExternalFD();
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c b/src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c
index 102fa2a089f..202ad711e86 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/walwriter.c
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ WalWriterMain(void)
 			left_till_hibernate--;
 
 		/* Send WAL statistics to the stats collector */
-		pgstat_send_wal(false);
+		pgstat_report_wal(false);
 
 		/*
 		 * Sleep until we are signaled or WalWriterDelay has elapsed.  If we
@@ -298,11 +298,11 @@ HandleWalWriterInterrupts(void)
 		 * Force to send remaining WAL statistics to the stats collector at
 		 * process exit.
 		 *
-		 * Since pgstat_send_wal is invoked with 'force' is false in main loop
+		 * Since pgstat_report_wal is invoked with 'force' is false in main loop
 		 * to avoid overloading to the stats collector, there may exist unsent
 		 * stats counters for the WAL writer.
 		 */
-		pgstat_send_wal(true);
+		pgstat_report_wal(true);
 
 		proc_exit(0);
 	}
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c
index 0bf28b55d7f..7fd8463ca29 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c
@@ -1528,8 +1528,8 @@ is_checksummed_file(const char *fullpath, const char *filename)
  *
  * If 'missing_ok' is true, will not throw an error if the file is not found.
  *
- * If dboid is anything other than InvalidOid then any checksum failures detected
- * will get reported to the stats collector.
+ * If dboid is anything other than InvalidOid then any checksum failures
+ * detected will get reported to the activity stats facility.
  *
  * Returns true if the file was successfully sent, false if 'missing_ok',
  * and the file did not exist.
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
index 934aa13f2d3..59e5f9819ce 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
@@ -1919,7 +1919,8 @@ UpdateDecodingStats(LogicalDecodingContext *ctx)
 	repSlotStat.total_txns = rb->totalTxns;
 	repSlotStat.total_bytes = rb->totalBytes;
 
-	pgstat_report_replslot(&repSlotStat);
+	pgstat_report_replslot(ctx->slot - ReplicationSlotCtl->replication_slots,
+						   &repSlotStat);
 
 	rb->spillTxns = 0;
 	rb->spillCount = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/slot.c b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
index caa6b297560..bae1299f0c0 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/slot.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
@@ -354,9 +354,12 @@ ReplicationSlotCreate(const char *name, bool db_specific,
 	 * stats for physical slots, so no need to create an entry for the same.
 	 * See ReplicationSlotDropPtr for why we need to do this before releasing
 	 * ReplicationSlotAllocationLock.
+	 *
+	 * XXX: lock nesting issues, comment update.
 	 */
 	if (SlotIsLogical(slot))
-		pgstat_report_replslot_create(NameStr(slot->data.name));
+		pgstat_report_replslot_create(NameStr(slot->data.name),
+									  slot - ReplicationSlotCtl->replication_slots);
 
 	/*
 	 * Now that the slot has been marked as in_use and active, it's safe to
@@ -721,23 +724,15 @@ ReplicationSlotDropPtr(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 				(errmsg("could not remove directory \"%s\"", tmppath)));
 
 	/*
-	 * Send a message to drop the replication slot to the stats collector.
-	 * Since there is no guarantee of the order of message transfer on a UDP
-	 * connection, it's possible that a message for creating a new slot
-	 * reaches before a message for removing the old slot. We send the drop
-	 * and create messages while holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock to
-	 * reduce that possibility. If the messages reached in reverse, we would
-	 * lose one statistics update message. But the next update message will
-	 * create the statistics for the replication slot.
+	 * Drop the statistics entry for the replication slot.  Do this while
+	 * holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock so that we don't drop a statistics
+	 * entry for another slot with the same name just created on another
+	 * session.
 	 *
-	 * XXX In case, the messages for creation and drop slot of the same name
-	 * get lost and create happens before (auto)vacuum cleans up the dead
-	 * slot, the stats will be accumulated into the old slot. One can imagine
-	 * having OIDs for each slot to avoid the accumulation of stats but that
-	 * doesn't seem worth doing as in practice this won't happen frequently.
+	 * XXX: lock nesting issues, comment update.
 	 */
 	if (SlotIsLogical(slot))
-		pgstat_report_replslot_drop(NameStr(slot->data.name));
+		pgstat_report_replslot_drop(slot - ReplicationSlotCtl->replication_slots);
 
 	/*
 	 * We release this at the very end, so that nobody starts trying to create
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
index f5459c68f89..2b1187140c1 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
@@ -2147,7 +2147,7 @@ BufferSync(int flags)
 			if (SyncOneBuffer(buf_id, false, &wb_context) & BUF_WRITTEN)
 			{
 				TRACE_POSTGRESQL_BUFFER_SYNC_WRITTEN(buf_id);
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_checkpoints++;
 				num_written++;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2257,7 +2257,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 	strategy_buf_id = StrategySyncStart(&strategy_passes, &recent_alloc);
 
 	/* Report buffer alloc counts to pgstat */
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
 
 	/*
 	 * If we're not running the LRU scan, just stop after doing the stats
@@ -2447,7 +2447,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 			if (++num_written >= bgwriter_lru_maxpages)
 			{
-				PendingBgWriterStats.m_maxwritten_clean++;
+				PendingBgWriterStats.maxwritten_clean++;
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2455,7 +2455,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 	}
 
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_written_clean += num_written;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_written_clean += num_written;
 
 #ifdef BGW_DEBUG
 	elog(DEBUG1, "bgwriter: recent_alloc=%u smoothed=%.2f delta=%ld ahead=%d density=%.2f reusable_est=%d upcoming_est=%d scanned=%d wrote=%d reusable=%d",
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
index cd4ebe2fc5e..88ff59c568f 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ CalculateShmemSize(int *num_semaphores)
 	size = add_size(size, BTreeShmemSize());
 	size = add_size(size, SyncScanShmemSize());
 	size = add_size(size, AsyncShmemSize());
+	size = add_size(size, StatsShmemSize());
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 	size = add_size(size, ShmemBackendArraySize());
 #endif
@@ -296,6 +297,7 @@ CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(void)
 	BTreeShmemInit();
 	SyncScanShmemInit();
 	AsyncShmemInit();
+	StatsShmemInit();
 
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
index 8f7f1b2f7c3..26933d00441 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
@@ -176,7 +176,9 @@ static const char *const BuiltinTrancheNames[] = {
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND: */
 	"ParallelAppend",
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST: */
-	"PerXactPredicateList"
+	"PerXactPredicateList",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_STATS: */
+	"ActivityStatistics"
 };
 
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(BuiltinTrancheNames) ==
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt
index 6c7cf6c2956..8edb41c1cf5 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt
+++ b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt
@@ -53,3 +53,4 @@ XactTruncationLock					44
 # 45 was XactTruncationLock until removal of BackendRandomLock
 WrapLimitsVacuumLock				46
 NotifyQueueTailLock					47
+StatsLock							48
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c b/src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c
index d71a557a352..2c7a2b28572 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c
@@ -415,11 +415,6 @@ smgrdounlinkall(SMgrRelation *rels, int nrels, bool isRedo)
 			smgrsw[which].smgr_close(rels[i], forknum);
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * It'd be nice to tell the stats collector to forget them immediately,
-	 * too. But we can't because we don't know the OIDs.
-	 */
-
 	/*
 	 * Send a shared-inval message to force other backends to close any
 	 * dangling smgr references they may have for these rels.  We should do
diff --git a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
index 34c13a11138..a33a072a711 100644
--- a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
+++ b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
@@ -3364,6 +3364,12 @@ ProcessInterrupts(void)
 
 	if (LogMemoryContextPending)
 		ProcessLogMemoryContextInterrupt();
+
+	if (IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending)
+	{
+		IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -4028,6 +4034,7 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 	volatile bool send_ready_for_query = true;
 	bool		idle_in_transaction_timeout_enabled = false;
 	bool		idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
+	bool		idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
 
 	AssertArg(dbname != NULL);
 	AssertArg(username != NULL);
@@ -4353,11 +4360,12 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 		 * Note: this includes fflush()'ing the last of the prior output.
 		 *
 		 * This is also a good time to send collected statistics to the
-		 * collector, and to update the PS stats display.  We avoid doing
-		 * those every time through the message loop because it'd slow down
-		 * processing of batched messages, and because we don't want to report
-		 * uncommitted updates (that confuses autovacuum).  The notification
-		 * processor wants a call too, if we are not in a transaction block.
+		 * activity statistics, and to update the PS stats display.  We avoid
+		 * doing those every time through the message loop because it'd slow
+		 * down processing of batched messages, and because we don't want to
+		 * report uncommitted updates (that confuses autovacuum).  The
+		 * notification processor wants a call too, if we are not in a
+		 * transaction block.
 		 *
 		 * Also, if an idle timeout is enabled, start the timer for that.
 		 */
@@ -4391,6 +4399,8 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 			}
 			else
 			{
+				long stats_timeout;
+
 				/*
 				 * Process incoming notifies (including self-notifies), if
 				 * any, and send relevant messages to the client.  Doing it
@@ -4401,8 +4411,14 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 				if (notifyInterruptPending)
 					ProcessNotifyInterrupt(false);
 
-				pgstat_report_stat(false);
-
+				/* Start the idle-stats-update timer */
+				stats_timeout = pgstat_report_stat(false);
+				if (stats_timeout > 0)
+				{
+					idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = true;
+					enable_timeout_after(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+										 stats_timeout);
+				}
 				set_ps_display("idle");
 				pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
 
@@ -4436,9 +4452,9 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 		firstchar = ReadCommand(&input_message);
 
 		/*
-		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction and idle-session timeouts, if
-		 * active.  We do this before step (5) so that any last-moment timeout
-		 * is certain to be detected in step (5).
+		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction, idle-session and
+		 * idle-state-update timeouts if active.  We do this before step (5) so
+		 * that any last-moment timeout is certain to be detected in step (5).
 		 *
 		 * At most one of these timeouts will be active, so there's no need to
 		 * worry about combining the timeout.c calls into one.
@@ -4453,6 +4469,11 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 			disable_timeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, false);
 			idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
 		}
+		if (idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled)
+		{
+			disable_timeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT, false);
+			idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * (5) disable async signal conditions again.
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index 7850829e36f..566f2f71ffe 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
+#include "storage/procsignal.h"
 
 
 static bool pgstat_should_report_connstat(void);
@@ -39,89 +40,118 @@ static PgStat_Counter pgLastSessionReportTime = 0;
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_drop_database() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector that we just dropped a database.
- *	(If the message gets lost, we will still clean the dead DB eventually
- *	via future invocations of pgstat_vacuum_stat().)
- * ----------
+ * Remove entry for the database being dropped.
+ *
+ * Some entries might be left alone due to lock failure or some stats are
+ * flushed after this but we will still clean the dead DB eventually via
+ * future invocations of pgstat_vacuum_stat().
+ *	----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_drop_database(Oid databaseid)
+pgstat_drop_database(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB);
-	msg.m_databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/*
+	 * FIXME: need to do this using the transactional mechanism. Not so much
+	 * because of rollbacks, but so the stats are removed on a standby
+	 * too. Maybe a dedicated drop type?
+	 */
+	pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(dboid);
 }
 
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_recovery_conflict() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about a Hot Standby recovery conflict.
+ * Report a Hot Standby recovery conflict.
  * --------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_recovery_conflict(int reason)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_reason = reason;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbentry = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	switch (reason)
+	{
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
+
+			/*
+			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
+			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
+			 */
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_deadlock() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about a deadlock detected.
+ * Report a detected deadlock.
  * --------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_deadlock(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbent = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_deadlocks++;
 }
 
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_checksum_failures_in_db() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about one or more checksum failures.
+ * Report one or more checksum failures.
  * --------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_checksum_failures_in_db(Oid dboid, int failurecount)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *sharedent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_failurecount = failurecount;
-	msg.m_failure_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * Update the shared stats directly - checksum failures should never be
+	 * common enough for that to be a problem.
+	 */
+	shared_ref =
+		pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, dboid, InvalidOid, false);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	sharedent = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	sharedent->stats.n_checksum_failures += failurecount;
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
 }
 
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_checksum_failure() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about a checksum failure.
+ * Reports one checksum failure in the current database.
  * --------
  */
 void
@@ -133,75 +163,23 @@ pgstat_report_checksum_failure(void)
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_tempfile() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about a temporary file.
+ * Report a temporary file.
  * --------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_tempfile(size_t filesize)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_filesize = filesize;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
+	if (filesize == 0)			/* Is there a case where filesize is really 0? */
+		return;
 
-/*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_send_tabstat: Handle xact commit/rollback and I/O
- * timings.
- */
-void
-pgstat_update_dbstats(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now)
-{
-	if (OidIsValid(tsmsg->m_databaseid))
-	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = pgStatXactCommit;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = pgStatXactRollback;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = pgStatBlockReadTime;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = pgStatBlockWriteTime;
-
-		if (pgstat_should_report_connstat())
-		{
-			long		secs;
-			int			usecs;
-
-			/*
-			 * pgLastSessionReportTime is initialized to MyStartTimestamp by
-			 * pgstat_report_connect().
-			 */
-			TimestampDifference(pgLastSessionReportTime, now, &secs, &usecs);
-			pgLastSessionReportTime = now;
-			tsmsg->m_session_time = (PgStat_Counter) secs * 1000000 + usecs;
-			tsmsg->m_active_time = pgStatActiveTime;
-			tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			tsmsg->m_session_time = 0;
-			tsmsg->m_active_time = 0;
-			tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-		}
-		pgStatXactCommit = 0;
-		pgStatXactRollback = 0;
-		pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
-		pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
-		pgStatActiveTime = 0;
-		pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_session_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_active_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-	}
+	dbent = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_temp_bytes += filesize; /* needs check overflow */
+	dbent->n_temp_files++;
 }
 
 /* --------
@@ -213,16 +191,13 @@ pgstat_update_dbstats(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now)
 void
 pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgConnect msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	if (!pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 		return;
 
-	pgLastSessionReportTime = MyStartTimestamp;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgConnect));
+	dbentry = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbentry->n_sessions++;
 }
 
 /* --------
@@ -234,15 +209,76 @@ pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid)
 void
 pgstat_report_disconnect(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDisconnect msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	if (!pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_cause = pgStatSessionEndCause;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgDisconnect));
+	dbentry = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+
+    switch (pgStatSessionEndCause)
+    {
+        case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
+        case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
+            /* we don't collect these */
+            break;
+        case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
+            dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
+            break;
+        case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
+            dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
+            break;
+        case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
+            dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_update_connstat() -
+ *
+ * Update pending connection stats.
+ * ----------
+ */
+void
+pgstat_update_dbstats(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
+
+	dbentry = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	/*
+	 * Accumulate xact commit/rollback and I/O timings to stats entry of the
+	 * current database.
+	 */
+	dbentry->n_xact_commit += pgStatXactCommit;
+	dbentry->n_xact_rollback += pgStatXactRollback;
+	dbentry->n_block_read_time += pgStatBlockReadTime;
+	dbentry->n_block_write_time += pgStatBlockWriteTime;
+
+	if (pgstat_should_report_connstat())
+	{
+		long		secs;
+		int			usecs;
+
+		/*
+		 * pgLastSessionReportTime is initialized to MyStartTimestamp by
+		 * pgstat_report_connect().
+		 */
+		TimestampDifference(pgLastSessionReportTime, now, &secs, &usecs);
+		pgLastSessionReportTime = now;
+
+		dbentry->total_session_time += (PgStat_Counter) secs * 1000000 + usecs;
+		dbentry->total_active_time += pgStatActiveTime;
+		dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
+	}
+
+	pgStatXactCommit = 0;
+	pgStatXactRollback = 0;
+	pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
+	pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
+	pgStatActiveTime = 0;
+	pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
 }
 
 /* --------
@@ -261,6 +297,96 @@ pgstat_should_report_connstat(void)
 	return MyBackendType == B_BACKEND;
 }
 
+/*
+ * pgstat_flush_db - flush out a local database stats entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true.
+ *
+ * Returns true if the entry is successfully flushed out.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_database(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *sharedent;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) shared_ref->pending;
+
+	if (shared_ref == NULL)
+		return false;
+
+	if (!pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, nowait))
+		return false;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+
+	sharedent = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+
+#define PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(item)		\
+	(sharedent)->stats.item += (pendingent)->item
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_returned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_inserted);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_updated);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_deleted);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_hit);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_deadlocks);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_bytes);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_files);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_checksum_failures);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_xact_commit);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_xact_rollback);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_block_read_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_block_write_time);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_session_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_active_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_idle_in_xact_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_abandoned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_fatal);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_killed);
+#undef PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
+
+	memset(pendingent, 0, sizeof(*pendingent));
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find or create a local PgStat_StatDBEntry entry for dboid.
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_pending_db_prepare(Oid dboid)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_prepare(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, dboid, InvalidOid);
+
+	return shared_ref->pending;
+
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry() -
+ *
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns the
+ * collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't necessarily
+ * mean that the database doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics,
+ * so the caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ * ----------
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dboid)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, dboid, InvalidOid);
+}
+
 void
 AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel)
 {
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index 728bc20b133..66a7eb0747d 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -28,18 +28,6 @@
 int			pgstat_track_functions = TRACK_FUNC_OFF;
 
 
-/*
- * Indicates if backend has some function stats that it hasn't yet
- * sent to the collector.
- */
-bool have_function_stats = false;
-
-/*
- * Backends store per-function info that's waiting to be sent to the collector
- * in this hash table (indexed by function OID).
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatFunctions = NULL;
-
 /*
  * Total time charged to functions so far in the current backend.
  * We use this to help separate "self" and "other" time charges.
@@ -48,6 +36,43 @@ static HTAB *pgStatFunctions = NULL;
 static instr_time total_func_time;
 
 
+/*
+ * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction aborts.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_create_function(Oid proid)
+{
+	pgstat_schedule_create(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,
+						   MyDatabaseId,
+						   proid);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_drop_function(Oid proid)
+{
+	/*
+	 * AFIXME: This is not bulletproof, because functions are not locked, and
+	 * therefore no sinval processing occurs when calling a function. Which in
+	 * turn means that new stats entries might be created for stats whose
+	 * shared stats entry already has been dropped.
+	 *
+	 * A possible solution is to not allow dropping stats from
+	 * pgStatSharedHash until no transaction is alive that could potentially
+	 * still see the row. E.g. by adding an xid to PgStatShmHashEntry which
+	 * needs to be older than the horizon for the entry to be removed.
+	 *
+	 * Or we could decide not to care, and ensure that we reset stats in
+	 * pgstat_create_function() / pgstat_schedule_create().
+	 */
+
+	pgstat_schedule_drop(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,
+						 MyDatabaseId,
+						 proid);
+}
+
 /*
  * Initialize function call usage data.
  * Called by the executor before invoking a function.
@@ -56,8 +81,8 @@ void
 pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 						   PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu)
 {
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *htabent;
-	bool		found;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *pending;
 
 	if (pgstat_track_functions <= fcinfo->flinfo->fn_stats)
 	{
@@ -66,29 +91,15 @@ pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (!pgStatFunctions)
-	{
-		/* First time through - initialize function stat table */
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_prepare(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,
+											 MyDatabaseId,
+											 fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid);
+	pending = shared_ref->pending;
 
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry);
-		pgStatFunctions = hash_create("Function stat entries",
-									  PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									  &hash_ctl,
-									  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	/* Get the stats entry for this function, create if necessary */
-	htabent = hash_search(pgStatFunctions, &fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid,
-						  HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-		MemSet(&htabent->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
-
-	fcu->fs = &htabent->f_counts;
+	fcu->fs = &pending->f_counts;
 
 	/* save stats for this function, later used to compensate for recursion */
-	fcu->save_f_total_time = htabent->f_counts.f_total_time;
+	fcu->save_f_total_time = pending->f_counts.f_total_time;
 
 	/* save current backend-wide total time */
 	fcu->save_total = total_func_time;
@@ -145,81 +156,75 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
 		fs->f_numcalls++;
 	fs->f_total_time = f_total;
 	INSTR_TIME_ADD(fs->f_self_time, f_self);
-
-	/* indicate that we have something to send */
-	have_function_stats = true;
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: populate and send a function stat message
+ * pgstat_flush_function - flush out a local function stats entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true.
+ *
+ * Returns true if the entry is successfully flushed out.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
+bool
+pgstat_flush_function(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait)
 {
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
-	static const PgStat_FunctionCounts all_zeroes;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *localent;	/* local stats entry */
+	PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry *shfuncent = NULL; /* shared stats entry */
 
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg;
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *entry;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
+	Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry->key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION);
+	localent = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) shared_ref->pending;
 
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return;
+	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
+	if (!pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, nowait))
+		return false;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
 
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, pgStatFunctions);
-	while ((entry = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		PgStat_FunctionEntry *m_ent;
+	shfuncent = (PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
 
-		/* Skip it if no counts accumulated since last time */
-		if (memcmp(&entry->f_counts, &all_zeroes,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts)) == 0)
-			continue;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_numcalls += localent->f_counts.f_numcalls;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_total_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_total_time);
+	shfuncent->stats.f_self_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_self_time);
 
-		/* need to convert format of time accumulators */
-		m_ent = &msg.m_entry[msg.m_nentries];
-		m_ent->f_id = entry->f_id;
-		m_ent->f_numcalls = entry->f_counts.f_numcalls;
-		m_ent->f_total_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_total_time);
-		m_ent->f_self_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_self_time);
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
 
-		if (++msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES)
-		{
-			pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-						msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-
-		/* reset the entry's counts */
-		MemSet(&entry->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
-	}
-
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-					msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-
-	have_function_stats = false;
+	return true;
 }
 
-/*
+/* ----------
  * find_funcstat_entry - find any existing PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry entry
  *		for specified function
  *
  * If no entry, return NULL, don't create a new one
+ * ----------
  */
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *
 find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id)
 {
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
 
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_fetch(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
 
-	return (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_search(pgStatFunctions,
-													   (void *) &func_id,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
+	if (shared_ref)
+		return shared_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry() -
+ *
+ *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ *	the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
+ *
+ *  The returned entry is stored in static memory so the content is valid until
+ *	the next call of the same function for the different function id.
+ * ----------
+ */
+PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c
index 295763d8f3e..8ebef48c51a 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_global.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "executor/instrument.h"
 #include "replication/slot.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
@@ -29,27 +30,25 @@
  * ----------
  */
 
-/*
- * BgWriter and WAL global statistics counters.
- * Stored directly in a stats message structure so they can be sent
- * without needing to copy things around.  We assume these init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
-PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
-PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
+PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats = {0};
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats = {0};
+PgStat_WalStats	WalStats = {0};
+
 
 /*
- * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be sent to the collector.  These are
- * stored directly in stats message format so they can be sent without needing
- * to copy things around.  We assume this variable inits to zeroes.  Entries
- * are one-to-one with slru_names[].
+ * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be written to the shared activity
+ * statistics.  We assume this variable inits to zeroes.  Entries are
+ * one-to-one with slru_names[].
+ * Changes of SLRU counters are reported within critical sections so we use
+ * static memory in order to avoid memory allocation.
  */
-static PgStat_MsgSLRU SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+static PgStat_SLRUStats pending_SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+bool have_slrustats = false;
 
 /*
  * WAL usage counters saved from pgWALUsage at the previous call to
- * pgstat_send_wal(). This is used to calculate how much WAL usage
- * happens between pgstat_send_wal() calls, by subtracting
+ * pgstat_report_wal(). This is used to calculate how much WAL usage
+ * happens between pgstat_report_wal() calls, by subtracting
  * the previous counters from the current ones.
  *
  * FIXME: It'd be better if this weren't global.
@@ -60,85 +59,181 @@ WalUsage prevWalUsage;
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_reset_shared_counters() -
  *
- *	Tell the statistics collector to reset cluster-wide shared counters.
+ *	Reset cluster-wide shared counters.
  *
  *	Permission checking for this function is managed through the normal
  *	GRANT system.
+ *
+ *  We don't scribble on shared stats while resetting to avoid locking on
+ *  shared stats struct. Instead, just record the current counters in another
+ *  shared struct, which is protected by StatsLock. See
+ *  pgstat_fetch_stat_(archiver|bgwriter|checkpointer) for the reader side.
  * ----------
  */
 void
 pgstat_reset_shared_counters(const char *target)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	PgStat_Shared_Reset_Target t;
 
 	if (strcmp(target, "archiver") == 0)
-		msg.m_resettarget = RESET_ARCHIVER;
+		t = RESET_ARCHIVER;
 	else if (strcmp(target, "bgwriter") == 0)
-		msg.m_resettarget = RESET_BGWRITER;
+		t = RESET_BGWRITER;
 	else if (strcmp(target, "wal") == 0)
-		msg.m_resettarget = RESET_WAL;
+		t = RESET_WAL;
 	else
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg("unrecognized reset target: \"%s\"", target),
 				 errhint("Target must be \"archiver\", \"bgwriter\", or \"wal\".")));
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* Reset statistics for the cluster. */
+
+	switch (t)
+	{
+		case RESET_ARCHIVER:
+			LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+			pgstat_copy_global_stats(&pgStatShmem->archiver.reset_offset,
+									 &pgStatShmem->archiver.stats,
+									 sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats),
+									 &pgStatShmem->archiver.changecount);
+			pgStatShmem->archiver.reset_offset.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+			LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+			break;
+
+		case RESET_BGWRITER:
+			LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+			pgstat_copy_global_stats(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.reset_offset,
+									 &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats,
+									 sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats),
+									 &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.changecount);
+			pgstat_copy_global_stats(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.reset_offset,
+									 &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats,
+									 sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats),
+									 &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.changecount);
+			pgStatShmem->bgwriter.reset_offset.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+			LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+			break;
+
+		case RESET_WAL:
+
+			/*
+			 * Differently from the two cases above, WAL statistics has many
+			 * writer processes with the shared stats protected by
+			 * pgStatShmem->wal.lock.
+			 */
+			LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+			MemSet(&pgStatShmem->wal.stats, 0, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats));
+			pgStatShmem->wal.stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+			LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock);
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_send_archiver() -
+ * pgstat_report_archiver() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about the WAL file that we successfully
- *	archived or failed to archive.
+ * Report archiver statistics
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_send_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed)
+pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg;
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER);
-	msg.m_failed = failed;
-	strlcpy(msg.m_xlog, xlog, sizeof(msg.m_xlog));
-	msg.m_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	changecount_before_write(&pgStatShmem->archiver.changecount);
+
+	if (failed)
+	{
+		++pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.failed_count;
+		memcpy(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_failed_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_failed_wal));
+		pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_failed_timestamp = now;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		++pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.archived_count;
+		memcpy(&pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_archived_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_archived_wal));
+		pgStatShmem->archiver.stats.last_archived_timestamp = now;
+	}
+
+	changecount_after_write(&pgStatShmem->archiver.changecount);
+}
+
+PgStat_ArchiverStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER);
+
+	return &stats_snapshot.archiver;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_archiver(void)
+{
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats reset;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats *reset_offset = &pgStatShmem->archiver.reset_offset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_global_stats(&stats_snapshot.archiver,
+							 &pgStatShmem->archiver.stats,
+							 sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats),
+							 &pgStatShmem->archiver.changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats));
+	LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+	if (stats_snapshot.archiver.archived_count == reset.archived_count)
+	{
+		stats_snapshot.archiver.last_archived_wal[0] = 0;
+		stats_snapshot.archiver.last_archived_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stats_snapshot.archiver.archived_count -= reset.archived_count;
+
+	if (stats_snapshot.archiver.failed_count == reset.failed_count)
+	{
+		stats_snapshot.archiver.last_failed_wal[0] = 0;
+		stats_snapshot.archiver.last_failed_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stats_snapshot.archiver.failed_count -= reset.failed_count;
+
+	stats_snapshot.archiver.stat_reset_timestamp = reset.stat_reset_timestamp;
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_send_bgwriter() -
+ * pgstat_report_bgwriter() -
  *
- *		Send bgwriter statistics to the collector
+ * Report bgwriter statistics
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_send_bgwriter(void)
+pgstat_report_bgwriter(void)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgBgWriter all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_BgWriterStats all_zeroes;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats *s = &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats *l = &PendingBgWriterStats;
+
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
 
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid taking lock for a completely empty stats.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgBgWriter)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingBgWriterStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingBgWriterStats, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.changecount);
+
+	s->buf_written_clean += l->buf_written_clean;
+	s->maxwritten_clean += l->maxwritten_clean;
+	s->buf_alloc += l->buf_alloc;
+
+	changecount_after_write(&pgStatShmem->bgwriter.changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
@@ -146,31 +241,69 @@ pgstat_send_bgwriter(void)
 	MemSet(&PendingBgWriterStats, 0, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
 }
 
+PgStat_BgWriterStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER);
+
+	return &stats_snapshot.bgwriter;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_bgwriter(void)
+{
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats reset;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats *reset_offset = &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.reset_offset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_global_stats(&stats_snapshot.bgwriter,
+							 &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.stats,
+							 sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats),
+							 &pgStatShmem->bgwriter.changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(PgStat_BgWriterStats));
+	LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+	stats_snapshot.bgwriter.buf_written_clean -= reset.buf_written_clean;
+	stats_snapshot.bgwriter.maxwritten_clean -= reset.maxwritten_clean;
+	stats_snapshot.bgwriter.buf_alloc -= reset.buf_alloc;
+	stats_snapshot.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = reset.stat_reset_timestamp;
+}
+
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_send_checkpointer() -
+ * pgstat_report_checkpointer() -
  *
- *		Send checkpointer statistics to the collector
+ * Report checkpointer statistics
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_send_checkpointer(void)
+pgstat_report_checkpointer(void)
 {
 	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgCheckpointer all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_CheckpointerStats all_zeroes;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats *s = &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats *l = &PendingCheckpointerStats;
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid taking lock for a completely empty stats.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingCheckpointerStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingCheckpointerStats, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.changecount);
+
+	s->timed_checkpoints += l->timed_checkpoints;
+	s->requested_checkpoints += l->requested_checkpoints;
+	s->checkpoint_write_time += l->checkpoint_write_time;
+	s->checkpoint_sync_time += l->checkpoint_sync_time;
+	s->buf_written_checkpoints += l->buf_written_checkpoints;
+	s->buf_written_backend += l->buf_written_backend;
+	s->buf_fsync_backend += l->buf_fsync_backend;
+
+	changecount_after_write(&pgStatShmem->checkpointer.changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
@@ -178,6 +311,39 @@ pgstat_send_checkpointer(void)
 	MemSet(&PendingCheckpointerStats, 0, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
 }
 
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER);
+
+	return &stats_snapshot.checkpointer;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_checkpointer(void)
+{
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats *reset_offset = &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.reset_offset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_global_stats(&stats_snapshot.checkpointer,
+							 &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.stats,
+							 sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats),
+							 &pgStatShmem->checkpointer.changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(PgStat_CheckpointerStats));
+	LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.timed_checkpoints -= reset.timed_checkpoints;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.requested_checkpoints -= reset.requested_checkpoints;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.buf_written_checkpoints -= reset.buf_written_checkpoints;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.buf_written_backend -= reset.buf_written_backend;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.buf_fsync_backend -= reset.buf_fsync_backend;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.checkpoint_write_time -= reset.checkpoint_write_time;
+	stats_snapshot.checkpointer.checkpoint_sync_time -= reset.checkpoint_sync_time;
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_reset_replslot_counter() -
  *
@@ -191,125 +357,269 @@ pgstat_send_checkpointer(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg;
+	int			startidx;
+	int			endidx;
+	int			i;
+	TimestampTz ts;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	/*
+	 * AFIXME: pgstats has business no looking into slot.c structures at
+	 * this level of detail.
+	 */
 
 	if (name)
 	{
-		namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, name);
-		msg.clearall = false;
+		ReplicationSlot *slot;
+
+		/* Check if the slot exits with the given name. */
+		slot = SearchNamedReplicationSlot(name, LW_SHARED);
+
+		if (!slot)
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("replication slot \"%s\" does not exist",
+							name)));
+
+		/*
+		 * Nothing to do for physical slots as we collect stats only for
+		 * logical slots.
+		 */
+		if (SlotIsPhysical(slot))
+			return;
+
+		/* reset this one entry */
+		startidx = endidx = slot - ReplicationSlotCtl->replication_slots;
 	}
 	else
-		msg.clearall = true;
+	{
+		/* reset all existent entries */
+		startidx = 0;
+		endidx = max_replication_slots - 1;
+	}
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER);
+	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	for (i = startidx; i <= endidx; i++)
+	{
+		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i];
+		size_t off;
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+		off = offsetof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry, slotname) + sizeof(NameData);
+
+		memset(((char *) statent) + off, 0, sizeof(pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i]) - off);
+		statent->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+	}
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock);
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_report_replslot() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about replication slot statistics.
+ * Report replication slot activity.
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_report_replslot(const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat)
+pgstat_report_replslot(uint32 index, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, NameStr(repSlotStat->slotname));
-	msg.m_create = false;
-	msg.m_drop = false;
-	msg.m_spill_txns = repSlotStat->spill_txns;
-	msg.m_spill_count = repSlotStat->spill_count;
-	msg.m_spill_bytes = repSlotStat->spill_bytes;
-	msg.m_stream_txns = repSlotStat->stream_txns;
-	msg.m_stream_count = repSlotStat->stream_count;
-	msg.m_stream_bytes = repSlotStat->stream_bytes;
-	msg.m_total_txns = repSlotStat->total_txns;
-	msg.m_total_bytes = repSlotStat->total_bytes;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	Assert(index < max_replication_slots);
+
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
+		return;
+
+	statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[index];
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	/* clear the counters if not used */
+	if (statent->index == -1)
+	{
+		memset(statent, 0, sizeof(*statent));
+		statent->index = index;
+		namestrcpy(&statent->slotname, NameStr(repSlotStat->slotname));
+	}
+	else if (namestrcmp(&statent->slotname, NameStr(statent->slotname)) != 0)
+	{
+		/* AFIXME: Is there a valid way this can happen? */
+		elog(ERROR, "stats out of sync");
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(statent->index == index);
+	}
+
+	/* Update the replication slot statistics */
+	statent->spill_txns += repSlotStat->spill_txns;
+	statent->spill_count += repSlotStat->spill_count;
+	statent->spill_bytes += repSlotStat->spill_bytes;
+	statent->stream_txns += repSlotStat->stream_txns;
+	statent->stream_count += repSlotStat->stream_count;
+	statent->stream_bytes += repSlotStat->stream_bytes;
+	statent->total_txns += repSlotStat->total_txns;
+	statent->total_bytes += repSlotStat->total_bytes;
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock);
 }
 
+
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_report_replslot_create() -
+ * pgstat_report_replslot_drop() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about creating the replication slot.
+ * Report replication slot drop.
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_report_replslot_create(const char *slotname)
+pgstat_report_replslot_create(const char *name, uint32 index)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, slotname);
-	msg.m_create = true;
-	msg.m_drop = false;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
+		return;
+
+	statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[index];
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	/*
+	 * NB: need to accept that there might be stats from an older slot,
+	 * e.g. if we previously crashed after dropping a slot.
+	 */
+	memset(statent, 0, sizeof(*statent));
+	statent->index = index;
+	namestrcpy(&statent->slotname, name);
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock);
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_report_replslot_drop() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about dropping the replication slot.
+ * Report replication slot drop.
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_report_replslot_drop(const char *slotname)
+pgstat_report_replslot_drop(uint32 index)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, slotname);
-	msg.m_create = false;
-	msg.m_drop = true;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
+		return;
+
+	statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[index];
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	/*
+	 * NB: need to accept that there might not be any stats, e.g. if we threw
+	 * away stats after a crash restart.
+	 */
+	statent->index = -1;
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock);
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_send_slru() -
- *
- *		Send SLRU statistics to the collector
- * ----------
- */
-void
-pgstat_send_slru(void)
+static void
+pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(int index, TimestampTz ts)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgSLRU all_zeroes;
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
 
-	for (int i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+	memset(&pgStatShmem->slru.stats[index], 0, sizeof(PgStat_SLRUStats));
+	pgStatShmem->slru.stats[index].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock);
+}
+
+PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < stats_snapshot.replslot_count; i++)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-		 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-		 * collector.
-		 */
-		if (memcmp(&SLRUStats[i], &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU)) == 0)
-			continue;
+		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statentry = &stats_snapshot.replslot[i];
 
-		/* set the SLRU type before each send */
-		SLRUStats[i].m_index = i;
-
-		/*
-		 * Prepare and send the message
-		 */
-		pgstat_setheader(&SLRUStats[i].m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU);
-		pgstat_send(&SLRUStats[i], sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
-
-		/*
-		 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
-		 */
-		MemSet(&SLRUStats[i], 0, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
+		if (namestrcmp(&statentry->slotname, NameStr(slotname)) == 0)
+		{
+			return statentry;
+		}
 	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_replslot(void)
+{
+	if (stats_snapshot.replslot == NULL)
+	{
+		stats_snapshot.replslot = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *)
+			MemoryContextAlloc(TopMemoryContext,
+							   sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry) * max_replication_slots);
+	}
+
+	stats_snapshot.replslot_count = 0;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < max_replication_slots; i++)
+	{
+		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent = &pgStatShmem->replslot.stats[i];
+
+		if (statent->index != -1)
+		{
+			stats_snapshot.replslot[stats_snapshot.replslot_count++] = *statent;
+		}
+	}
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->replslot.lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_flush_slru - flush out locally pending SLRU stats entries
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true. Writer processes are mutually excluded
+ * using LWLock, but readers are expected to use change-count protocol to avoid
+ * interference with writers.
+ *
+ * Returns true if not all pending stats have been flushed out.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_slru(bool nowait)
+{
+	int			i;
+
+	if (!have_slrustats)
+		return false;
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock,
+									   LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+
+
+	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+	{
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *sharedent = &pgStatShmem->slru.stats[i];
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *pendingent = &pending_SLRUStats[i];
+
+		sharedent->blocks_zeroed += pendingent->blocks_zeroed;
+		sharedent->blocks_hit += pendingent->blocks_hit;
+		sharedent->blocks_read += pendingent->blocks_read;
+		sharedent->blocks_written += pendingent->blocks_written;
+		sharedent->blocks_exists += pendingent->blocks_exists;
+		sharedent->flush += pendingent->flush;
+		sharedent->truncate += pendingent->truncate;
+	}
+
+	/* done, clear the pending entry */
+	MemSet(pending_SLRUStats, 0, SizeOfSlruStats);
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock);
+
+	have_slrustats = false;
+
+	return false;
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -325,15 +635,19 @@ pgstat_send_slru(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_slru_counter(const char *name)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg;
+	int			i;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_index = (name) ? pgstat_slru_index(name) : -1;
-
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	if (name)
+	{
+		i = pgstat_slru_index(name);
+		pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(i, ts);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+			pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(i, ts);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -342,7 +656,7 @@ pgstat_reset_slru_counter(const char *name)
  * Returns pointer to entry with counters for given SLRU (based on the name
  * stored in SlruCtl as lwlock tranche name).
  */
-static inline PgStat_MsgSLRU *
+static inline PgStat_SLRUStats *
 slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 {
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
@@ -355,7 +669,9 @@ slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 
 	Assert((slru_idx >= 0) && (slru_idx < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS));
 
-	return &SLRUStats[slru_idx];
+	have_slrustats = true;
+
+	return &pending_SLRUStats[slru_idx];
 }
 
 /*
@@ -365,43 +681,43 @@ slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_zeroed(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_zeroed += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_zeroed += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_hit(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_hit += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_hit += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_exists(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_exists += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_exists += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_read(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_read += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_read += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_written(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_written += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_written += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_flush(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_flush += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->flush += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_truncate(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_truncate += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->truncate += 1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -442,25 +758,115 @@ pgstat_slru_index(const char *name)
 	return (SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS - 1);
 }
 
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_slru(void)
+{
+	LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock, LW_SHARED);
+
+	memcpy(stats_snapshot.slru, &pgStatShmem->slru.stats, SizeOfSlruStats);
+
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->slru.lock);
+}
+
+PgStat_SLRUStats *
+pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU);
+
+	return stats_snapshot.slru;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased by substracting the
+ * previous counters from the current ones.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns true if the lock could not be
+ * acquired. Otherwise return false.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStat_WalStats *s = &pgStatShmem->wal.stats;
+	PgStat_WalStats *l = &WalStats;
+	WalUsage	all_zeroes PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY = {0};
+
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+	Assert(pgStatShmem != NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * We don't update the WAL usage portion of the local WalStats elsewhere.
+	 * Instead, fill in that portion with the difference of pgWalUsage since
+	 * the previous call.
+	 */
+	Assert(memcmp(&l->wal_usage, &all_zeroes, sizeof(WalUsage)) == 0);
+	WalUsageAccumDiff(&l->wal_usage, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
+
+	/*
+	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. Avoid
+	 * taking lock for nothing in that case.
+	 */
+	if (!walstats_pending())
+		return false;
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock,
+									   LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+	{
+		MemSet(l, 0, sizeof(WalStats));
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+	}
+
+	s->wal_usage.wal_records += l->wal_usage.wal_records;
+	s->wal_usage.wal_fpi += l->wal_usage.wal_fpi;
+	s->wal_usage.wal_bytes += l->wal_usage.wal_bytes;
+	s->wal_buffers_full += l->wal_buffers_full;
+	s->wal_write += l->wal_write;
+	s->wal_write_time += l->wal_write_time;
+	s->wal_sync += l->wal_sync;
+	s->wal_sync_time += l->wal_sync_time;
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatShmem->wal.lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * Save the current counters for the subsequent calculation of WAL usage.
+	 */
+	prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
+
+	/*
+	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
+	 */
+	MemSet(&WalStats, 0, sizeof(WalStats));
+
+	return false;
+}
+
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_send_wal() -
+ * pgstat_report_wal() -
  *
- *	Send WAL statistics to the collector.
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased and update
+ * shared statistics.
  *
- * If 'force' is not set, WAL stats message is only sent if enough time has
- * passed since last one was sent to reach PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.
+ * Must be called by processes that generate WAL.
  * ----------
  */
 void
-pgstat_send_wal(bool force)
+pgstat_report_wal(bool force)
 {
-	static TimestampTz sendTime = 0;
+	Assert(!pgStatShmem->is_shutdown);
 
+	pgstat_flush_wal(force);
+}
+
+/*
+ * XXXX: always try to flush WAL stats. We don't want to manipulate another
+ * counter during XLogInsert so we don't have an effecient short cut to know
+ * whether any counter gets incremented.
+ */
+bool
+walstats_pending(void)
+{
 	/*
-	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
-	 *
 	 * Check wal_records counter to determine whether any WAL activity has
 	 * happened since last time. Note that other WalUsage counters don't need
 	 * to be checked because they are incremented always together with
@@ -477,72 +883,38 @@ pgstat_send_wal(bool force)
 	 * and syncs are also checked.
 	 */
 	if (pgWalUsage.wal_records == prevWalUsage.wal_records &&
-		WalStats.m_wal_write == 0 && WalStats.m_wal_sync == 0)
+		WalStats.wal_write == 0 && WalStats.wal_sync == 0)
 	{
-		Assert(WalStats.m_wal_buffers_full == 0);
-		return;
+		Assert(WalStats.wal_buffers_full == 0);
+		return false;
 	}
 
-	if (!force)
-	{
-		TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		/*
-		 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-		 * msec since we last sent one to avoid overloading the stats
-		 * collector.
-		 */
-		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(sendTime, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-			return;
-		sendTime = now;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the counters related to generated WAL data if the counters were
-	 * updated.
-	 */
-	if (pgWalUsage.wal_records != prevWalUsage.wal_records)
-	{
-		WalUsage	walusage;
-
-		/*
-		 * Calculate how much WAL usage counters were increased by
-		 * subtracting the previous counters from the current ones. Fill the
-		 * results in WAL stats message.
-		 */
-		MemSet(&walusage, 0, sizeof(WalUsage));
-		WalUsageAccumDiff(&walusage, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
-
-		WalStats.m_wal_records = walusage.wal_records;
-		WalStats.m_wal_fpi = walusage.wal_fpi;
-		WalStats.m_wal_bytes = walusage.wal_bytes;
-
-		/*
-		 * Save the current counters for the subsequent calculation of WAL
-		 * usage.
-		 */
-		prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&WalStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL);
-	pgstat_send(&WalStats, sizeof(WalStats));
-
-	/*
-	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
-	 */
-	MemSet(&WalStats, 0, sizeof(WalStats));
+	return true;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_wal_initialize(void)
 {
 	/*
-	 * Initialize prevWalUsage with pgWalUsage so that pgstat_send_wal() can
+	 * Initialize prevWalUsage with pgWalUsage so that pgstat_flush_wal() can
 	 * calculate how much pgWalUsage counters are increased by subtracting
 	 * prevWalUsage from pgWalUsage.
 	 */
 	prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
 }
+
+PgStat_WalStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_WAL);
+
+	return &stats_snapshot.wal;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_wal(void)
+{
+	LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&stats_snapshot.wal, &pgStatShmem->wal.stats, sizeof(PgStat_WalStats));
+	LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index 074c4b8958d..80c5193e644 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -27,38 +27,6 @@
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
-/*
- * Structures in which backends store per-table info that's waiting to be
- * sent to the collector.
- *
- * NOTE: once allocated, TabStatusArray structures are never moved or deleted
- * for the life of the backend.  Also, we zero out the t_id fields of the
- * contained PgStat_TableStatus structs whenever they are not actively in use.
- * This allows relcache pgstat_info pointers to be treated as long-lived data,
- * avoiding repeated searches in pgstat_relation_assoc() when a relation is
- * repeatedly opened during a transaction.
- */
-#define TABSTAT_QUANTUM		100 /* we alloc this many at a time */
-
-
-typedef struct TabStatusArray
-{
-	struct TabStatusArray *tsa_next;	/* link to next array, if any */
-	int			tsa_used;		/* # entries currently used */
-	PgStat_TableStatus tsa_entries[TABSTAT_QUANTUM];	/* per-table data */
-} TabStatusArray;
-
-static TabStatusArray *pgStatTabList = NULL;
-
-/*
- * pgStatTabHash entry: map from relation OID to PgStat_TableStatus pointer
- */
-typedef struct TabStatHashEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *tsa_entry;
-} TabStatHashEntry;
-
 /* Record that's written to 2PC state file when pgstat state is persisted */
 typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 {
@@ -75,27 +43,13 @@ typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 } TwoPhasePgStatRecord;
 
 
-static PgStat_TableStatus *get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
-static void pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now);
+static PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
 static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_level);
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_restore_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
 
 
-/*
- * Indicates if backend has some relation stats that it hasn't yet
- * sent to the collector.
- */
-bool have_relation_stats;
-
-
-/*
- * Hash table for O(1) t_id -> tsa_entry lookup
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatTabHash = NULL;
-
-
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
  * CONCURRENTLY.
@@ -104,48 +58,41 @@ void
 pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dst, Relation src)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *srcstats;
+	PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *dstshstats;
+	PgStatSharedRef *dst_ref;
 
-	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(RelationGetRelid(src));
-
+	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(src->rd_rel->relisshared,
+												   RelationGetRelid(src));
 	if (!srcstats)
 		return;
 
-	if (pgstat_relation_should_count(dst))
-	{
-		/*
-		 * XXX: temporarily this does not actually quite do what the name says,
-		 * and just copy index related fields. A subsequent commit will do more.
-		 */
+	/*
+	 * XXX: Is it actually correct to copy all stats here? Probably fine with
+	 * current uses of stats for indexes, but what we tracked bloat for
+	 * indexes via stats?
+	 */
+	dst_ref = pgstat_shared_ref_get(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,
+									dst->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+									RelationGetRelid(dst),
+									true);
+	pgstat_shared_stat_lock(dst_ref, false);
 
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_numscans = srcstats->numscans;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_returned = srcstats->tuples_returned;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched = srcstats->tuples_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched = srcstats->blocks_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_hit = srcstats->blocks_hit;
+	dstshstats = (PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *) dst_ref->shared_stats;
+	dstshstats->stats = *srcstats;
 
-		/*
-		 * The data will be sent by the next pgstat_report_stat()
-		 * call.
-		 */
-	}
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(dst_ref);
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_relation_init() -
+/*
+ * Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.  Called whenever a
+ * relation is opened.
  *
- *	Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.
- *	Called whenever a relation is opened.
- *
- *	We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by
- *	relcache.c when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived
- *	data.  We can avoid repeated searches of the TabStatus arrays when the
- *	same relation is touched repeatedly within a transaction.
- * ----------
+ * We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by relcache.c
+ * when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived data.
  */
 void
 pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 {
-	Oid			rel_id = rel->rd_id;
 	char		relkind = rel->rd_rel->relkind;
 
 	/*
@@ -158,7 +105,7 @@ pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 	{
 		/* We're not counting at all */
 		rel->pgstat_enabled = false;
@@ -166,60 +113,89 @@ pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * If we already set up this relation in the current transaction, nothing
-	 * to do.
-	 */
-	if (rel->pgstat_info &&
-		rel->pgstat_info->t_id == rel_id)
-		return;
-
 	rel->pgstat_enabled = true;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Prepare for statistics for this relation to be collected. This ensures we
+ * have a reference to the shared stats entry. That is important because a
+ * relation drop in another connection can otherwise lead to the shared stats
+ * entry being dropped, which we then later would re-create when flushing
+ * stats.
+ *
+ * This is separate from pgstat_relation_init() as it is not uncommon for
+ * relcache entries to be opened without ever getting stats reported.
+ */
 void
 pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel)
 {
-	Oid			rel_id = rel->rd_id;
-
 	Assert(rel->pgstat_enabled);
 	Assert(rel->pgstat_info == NULL);
 
-	/* find or make the PgStat_TableStatus entry, and update link */
-	rel->pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rel_id, rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+	/* Else find or make the PgStat_TableStatus entry, and update link */
+	rel->pgstat_info = pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(RelationGetRelid(rel),
+												  rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+	/* mark this relation as the owner */
+
+	/* don't allow link a stats to multiple relcache entries */
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == NULL);
+	rel->pgstat_info->relation = rel;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Break the mutual link between a relcache entry and a local stats entry.
+ * This must be called always when one end of the link is removed.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_relation_delink(Relation rel)
+{
+	/* remove the link to stats info if any */
+	if (rel && rel->pgstat_info)
+	{
+		/* link sanity check */
+		Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == rel);
+		rel->pgstat_info->relation = NULL;
+		rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction aborts.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_create_relation(Relation rel)
+{
+	pgstat_schedule_create(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,
+						   rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+						   RelationGetRelid(rel));
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_drop_relation() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector that we just dropped a relation.
- *	(If the message gets lost, we will still clean the dead entry eventually
- *	via future invocations of pgstat_vacuum_stat().)
- *
- *	Currently not used for lack of any good place to call it; we rely
- *	entirely on pgstat_vacuum_stat() to clean out stats for dead rels.
+ * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits.
  * ----------
  */
-#ifdef NOT_USED
 void
-pgstat_drop_relation(Oid relid)
+pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg;
-	int			len;
+	int			nest_level = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info = rel->pgstat_info;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	pgstat_schedule_drop(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,
+						 rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+						 RelationGetRelid(rel));
 
-	msg.m_tableid[0] = relid;
-	msg.m_nentries = 1;
-
-	len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0]) + sizeof(Oid);
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, len);
+	if (pgstat_info &&
+		pgstat_info->trans != NULL &&
+		pgstat_info->trans->nest_level == nest_level)
+	{
+		pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(pgstat_info->trans, true);
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_inserted = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_updated = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_deleted = 0;
+	}
 }
-#endif							/* NOT_USED */
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_report_autovac() -
@@ -232,47 +208,97 @@ pgstat_drop_relation(Oid relid)
 void
 pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	/* can't get here in single user mode */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_start_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * End-of-vacuum is reported instantly. Report the start the same way for
+	 * consistency. Vacuum doesn't run frequently and is a long-lasting
+	 * operation so it doesn't matter if we get blocked here a little.
+	 */
+	shared_ref =
+		pgstat_shared_ref_get(PGSTAT_KIND_DB, dboid, InvalidOid, true);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, false);
+
+	dbentry = (PgStatShm_StatDBEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	dbentry->stats.last_autovac_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
 }
 
 /* ---------
  * pgstat_report_vacuum() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about the table we just vacuumed.
+ * Report that the table was just vacuumed.
  * ---------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
 					 PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+	TimestampTz ts;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM);
-	msg.m_databaseid = shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = tableoid;
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_vacuumtime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* Store the data in the table's hash table entry. */
+	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/*
+	 * Differently from ordinary operations, maintenance commands take longer
+	 * time and getting blocked at the end of work doesn't matter.
+	 * Furthermore, this can prevent the stats updates made by the
+	 * transactions that ends after this vacuum from being canceled by a
+	 * delayed vacuum report. Update shared stats entry directly for the above
+	 * reasons.
+	 */
+	shared_ref =
+		pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, dboid, tableoid, false);
+
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
+
+	/*
+	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
+	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
+	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
+	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
+	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
+	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
+	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
+	 * stragglers.
+	 */
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
+
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
+	{
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
+	}
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
 }
 
 /* --------
  * pgstat_report_analyze() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about the table we just analyzed.
+ * Report that the table was just analyzed.
  *
  * Caller must provide new live- and dead-tuples estimates, as well as a
  * flag indicating whether to reset the changes_since_analyze counter.
@@ -283,9 +309,12 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 					  PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples,
 					  bool resetcounter)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -293,10 +322,10 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 	 * already inserted and/or deleted rows in the target table. ANALYZE will
 	 * have counted such rows as live or dead respectively. Because we will
 	 * report our counts of such rows at transaction end, we should subtract
-	 * off these counts from what we send to the collector now, else they'll
-	 * be double-counted after commit.  (This approach also ensures that the
-	 * collector ends up with the right numbers if we abort instead of
-	 * committing.)
+	 * off these counts from what is already written to shared stats now, else
+	 * they'll be double-counted after commit.  (This approach also ensures
+	 * that the shared stats ends up with the right numbers if we abort
+	 * instead of committing.)
 	 *
 	 * Waste no time on partitioned tables, though.
 	 */
@@ -317,130 +346,133 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 		deadtuples = Max(deadtuples, 0);
 	}
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_resetcounter = resetcounter;
-	msg.m_analyzetime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
+	/*
+	 * Differently from ordinary operations, maintenance commands take longer
+	 * time and getting blocked at the end of work doesn't matter.
+	 * Furthermore, this can prevent the stats updates made by the
+	 * transactions that ends after this analyze from being canceled by a
+	 * delayed analyze report. Update shared stats entry directly for the
+	 * above reasons.
+	 */
+	shared_ref = pgstat_shared_stat_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, dboid,
+										   RelationGetRelid(rel),
+										   false);
+	/* can't get dropped while accessed */
+	Assert(shared_ref != NULL && shared_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
 
-/*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: Send relation statistics
- */
-void
-pgstat_send_tabstats(TimestampTz now, bool disconnect)
-{
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
-	static const PgStat_TableCounts all_zeroes;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat regular_msg;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat shared_msg;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	int			i;
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
 
 	/*
-	 * Destroy pgStatTabHash before we start invalidating PgStat_TableEntry
-	 * entries it points to.  (Should we fail partway through the loop below,
-	 * it's okay to have removed the hashtable already --- the only
-	 * consequence is we'd get multiple entries for the same table in the
-	 * pgStatTabList, and that's safe.)
+	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
+	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
+	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
 	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash)
-		hash_destroy(pgStatTabHash);
-	pgStatTabHash = NULL;
+	if (resetcounter)
+		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
 
-	/*
-	 * Scan through the TabStatusArray struct(s) to find tables that actually
-	 * have counts, and build messages to send.  We have to separate shared
-	 * relations from regular ones because the databaseid field in the message
-	 * header has to depend on that.
-	 */
-	regular_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	shared_msg.m_databaseid = InvalidOid;
-	regular_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-	shared_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	for (tsa = pgStatTabList; tsa != NULL; tsa = tsa->tsa_next)
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
 	{
-		for (i = 0; i < tsa->tsa_used; i++)
-		{
-			PgStat_TableStatus *entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[i];
-			PgStat_MsgTabstat *this_msg;
-			PgStat_TableEntry *this_ent;
-
-			/* Shouldn't have any pending transaction-dependent counts */
-			Assert(entry->trans == NULL);
-
-			/*
-			 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such
-			 * as indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
-			 */
-			if (memcmp(&entry->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * OK, insert data into the appropriate message, and send if full.
-			 */
-			this_msg = entry->t_shared ? &shared_msg : &regular_msg;
-			this_ent = &this_msg->m_entry[this_msg->m_nentries];
-			this_ent->t_id = entry->t_id;
-			memcpy(&this_ent->t_counts, &entry->t_counts,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts));
-			if (++this_msg->m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES)
-			{
-				pgstat_send_tabstat(this_msg, now);
-				this_msg->m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-		/* zero out PgStat_TableStatus structs after use */
-		MemSet(tsa->tsa_entries, 0,
-			   tsa->tsa_used * sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus));
-		tsa->tsa_used = 0;
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->analyze_count++;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Send partial messages.  Make sure that any pending xact commit/abort
-	 * and connection stats get counted, even if there are no table stats to
-	 * send.
-	 */
-	if (regular_msg.m_nentries > 0 ||
-		pgStatXactCommit > 0 || pgStatXactRollback > 0 || disconnect)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&regular_msg, now);
-	if (shared_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&shared_msg, now);
-
-	have_relation_stats = false;
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_send_tabstats: finish and send one tabstat message
+ * pgstat_flush_relation - flush out a pending rlation stats entry
+ *
+ * Some of the stats numbers are copied to pending database stats entry after
+ * successful flush-out.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true.
+ *
+ * Returns true if the entry is successfully flushed out.
  */
-static void
-pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now)
+bool
+pgstat_flush_relation(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait)
 {
-	int			n;
-	int			len;
+	static const PgStat_TableCounts all_zeroes;
+	Oid			dboid;			/* database OID of the table */
+	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
+	PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *shtabstats;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
 
-	/* It's unlikely we'd get here with no socket, but maybe not impossible */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry->key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE);
+	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) shared_ref->pending;
+	dboid = shared_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
 
 	/*
-	 * Report and reset accumulated xact commit/rollback and I/O timings
-	 * whenever we send a normal tabstat message
+	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
+	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
 	 */
-	pgstat_update_dbstats(tsmsg, now);
+	if (memcmp(&lstats->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
+	{
+		return true;
+	}
 
-	n = tsmsg->m_nentries;
-	len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabstat, m_entry[0]) +
-		n * sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry);
+	if (!pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, nowait))
+		return false;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&tsmsg->m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT);
-	pgstat_send(tsmsg, len);
+	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
+	shtabstats = (PgStatShm_StatTabEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
+	tabentry->numscans += lstats->t_counts.t_numscans;
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
+
+	/*
+	 * If table was truncated or vacuum/analyze has ran, first reset the
+	 * live/dead counters.
+	 */
+	if (lstats->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
+	{
+		tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
+		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
+		/* AFIXME: Why is inserts_since_vacuum not reset anymore? */
+	}
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
+	tabentry->changes_since_analyze += lstats->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
+	/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
+
+	/* The entry is successfully flushed so the same to add to database stats */
+	dbentry = pgstat_pending_db_prepare(dboid);
+	dbentry->n_tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	return true;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -687,7 +719,7 @@ AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state)
 
 	for (trans = xact_state->first; trans != NULL; trans = trans->next)
 	{
-		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat;
+		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
 		TwoPhasePgStatRecord record;
 
 		Assert(trans->nest_level == 1);
@@ -701,8 +733,6 @@ AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state)
 		record.inserted_pre_truncdrop = trans->inserted_pre_truncdrop;
 		record.updated_pre_truncdrop = trans->updated_pre_truncdrop;
 		record.deleted_pre_truncdrop = trans->deleted_pre_truncdrop;
-		record.t_id = tabstat->t_id;
-		record.t_shared = tabstat->t_shared;
 		record.t_truncdropped = trans->truncdropped;
 
 		RegisterTwoPhaseRecord(TWOPHASE_RM_PGSTAT_ID, 0,
@@ -745,7 +775,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, commit case */
 	pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted += rec->tuples_inserted;
@@ -781,7 +811,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, abort case */
 	if (rec->t_truncdropped)
@@ -797,116 +827,81 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 		rec->tuples_inserted + rec->tuples_updated;
 }
 
-/*
- * get_tabstat_entry - find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
- */
-static PgStat_TableStatus *
-get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
-{
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *entry;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	bool		found;
-
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
-
-	have_relation_stats = true;
-
-	/*
-	 * Create hash table if we don't have it already.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		ctl;
-
-		ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		ctl.entrysize = sizeof(TabStatHashEntry);
-
-		pgStatTabHash = hash_create("pgstat TabStatusArray lookup hash table",
-									TABSTAT_QUANTUM,
-									&ctl,
-									HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Find an entry or create a new one.
-	 */
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		/* initialize new entry with null pointer */
-		hash_entry->tsa_entry = NULL;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If entry is already valid, we're done.
-	 */
-	if (hash_entry->tsa_entry)
-		return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Locate the first pgStatTabList entry with free space, making a new list
-	 * entry if needed.  Note that we could get an OOM failure here, but if so
-	 * we have left the hashtable and the list in a consistent state.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabList == NULL)
-	{
-		/* Set up first pgStatTabList entry */
-		pgStatTabList = (TabStatusArray *)
-			MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-								   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-	}
-
-	tsa = pgStatTabList;
-	while (tsa->tsa_used >= TABSTAT_QUANTUM)
-	{
-		if (tsa->tsa_next == NULL)
-			tsa->tsa_next = (TabStatusArray *)
-				MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-									   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-		tsa = tsa->tsa_next;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Allocate a PgStat_TableStatus entry within this list entry.  We assume
-	 * the entry was already zeroed, either at creation or after last use.
-	 */
-	entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[tsa->tsa_used++];
-	entry->t_id = rel_id;
-	entry->t_shared = isshared;
-
-	/*
-	 * Now we can fill the entry in pgStatTabHash.
-	 */
-	hash_entry->tsa_entry = entry;
-
-	return entry;
-}
-
 /*
  * find_tabstat_entry - find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
  *
- * If no entry, return NULL, don't create a new one
+ * Find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel_id in the current
+ * database. If not found, try finding from shared tables.
  *
- * Note: if we got an error in the most recent execution of pgstat_report_stat,
- * it's possible that an entry exists but there's no hashtable entry for it.
- * That's okay, we'll treat this case as "doesn't exist".
+ * If no entry found, return NULL, don't create a new one
+ * ----------
  */
 PgStat_TableStatus *
 find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id)
 {
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
 
-	/* If hashtable doesn't exist, there are no entries at all */
-	if (!pgStatTabHash)
-		return NULL;
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_fetch(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, MyDatabaseId, rel_id);
+	if (!shared_ref)
+		shared_ref = pgstat_pending_fetch(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, InvalidOid, rel_id);
 
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (!hash_entry)
-		return NULL;
+	if (shared_ref)
+		return shared_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
+}
 
-	/* Note that this step could also return NULL, but that's correct */
-	return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry() -
+ *
+ *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns the
+ *	collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't necessarily mean
+ *	that the relation doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
+ *	caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ * ----------
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
+{
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(false, relid);
+	if (tabentry != NULL)
+		return tabentry;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
+	 */
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(true, relid);
+	return tabentry;
+}
+
+/*
+ * More efficient version of pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(), allowing to specify
+ * whether the to-be-accessed table is a shared relation or not.
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_extended(bool shared, Oid reloid)
+{
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+
+	return (PgStat_StatTabEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE, dboid, reloid);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel. New entry is created and
+ * initialized if not exists.
+ */
+static PgStat_TableStatus *
+pgstat_pending_tab_prepare(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
+{
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_prepare(PGSTAT_KIND_TABLE,
+										isshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+										rel_id);
+
+	return shared_ref->pending;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
index 0bfbe814d76..af33814cec4 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
@@ -18,61 +18,88 @@
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
+/*
+ * pgstat_flush_subscription - flush out a local subscription stats entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true.
+ *
+ * Returns true if the entry is successfully flushed out.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_subscription(PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *localent;	/* local stats entry */
+	PgStatShm_StatSubEntry *shsubent = NULL; /* shared stats entry */
+
+	Assert(shared_ref->shared_entry->key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION);
+	localent = (PgStat_BackendSubEntry *) shared_ref->pending;
+
+	/* localent always has non-zero content */
+
+	if (!pgstat_shared_stat_lock(shared_ref, nowait))
+		return false;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+
+	shsubent = (PgStatShm_StatSubEntry *) shared_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	shsubent->stats.apply_error_count += localent->apply_error_count;
+	shsubent->stats.sync_error_count += localent->sync_error_count;
+
+	pgstat_shared_stat_unlock(shared_ref);
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_report_subscription_drop(Oid subid)
+{
+
+	pgstat_schedule_drop(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION,
+						 subid, InvalidOid);
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_report_subscription_error() -
  *
- *	Tell the collector about the subscription error.
+ *	Tell the collector about the subscription worker error.
  * ----------
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_subscription_error(Oid subid, bool is_apply_error)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError msg;
+	PgStatSharedRef *shared_ref;
+	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *pending;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR);
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	msg.m_is_apply_error = is_apply_error;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError));
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_report_subscription_drop() -
- *
- *	Tell the collector about dropping the subscription.
- * ----------
- */
-void
-pgstat_report_subscription_drop(Oid subid)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP);
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop));
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_reset_subscription_counter() -
- *
- *	Tell the statistics collector to reset a single subscription
- *	counter, or all subscription counters (when subid is InvalidOid).
- *
- *	Permission checking for this function is managed through the normal
- *	GRANT system.
- * ----------
- */
-void
-pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER);
+	shared_ref = pgstat_pending_prepare(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION,
+										subid,
+										InvalidOid);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pending = shared_ref->pending;
+	if (is_apply_error)
+		pending->apply_error_count++;
+	else
+		pending->sync_error_count++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ---------
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription() -
+ *
+ *	Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ *	the collected statistics for one subscription or NULL.
+ * ---------
+ */
+PgStat_StatSubEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatSubEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION, subid, InvalidOid);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
index 60972c3a750..5ed26067c6b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
@@ -230,8 +230,8 @@ pgstat_get_wait_activity(WaitEventActivity w)
 		case WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN:
 			event_name = "LogicalLauncherMain";
 			break;
-		case WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN:
-			event_name = "PgStatMain";
+		case WAIT_EVENT_READING_STATS_FILE:
+			event_name = "ReadingStatsFile";
 			break;
 		case WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM:
 			event_name = "RecoveryWalStream";
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
index fd993d0d5fb..dd6bc755607 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  *
  * pgstatfuncs.c
- *	  Functions for accessing the statistics collector data
+ *	  Functions for accessing the activity statistics data
  *
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
@@ -1834,11 +1834,11 @@ pg_stat_get_wal(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	wal_stats = pgstat_fetch_stat_wal();
 
 	/* Fill values and NULLs */
-	values[0] = Int64GetDatum(wal_stats->wal_records);
-	values[1] = Int64GetDatum(wal_stats->wal_fpi);
+	values[0] = Int64GetDatum(wal_stats->wal_usage.wal_records);
+	values[1] = Int64GetDatum(wal_stats->wal_usage.wal_fpi);
 
 	/* Convert to numeric. */
-	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, UINT64_FORMAT, wal_stats->wal_bytes);
+	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, UINT64_FORMAT, wal_stats->wal_usage.wal_bytes);
 	values[2] = DirectFunctionCall3(numeric_in,
 									CStringGetDatum(buf),
 									ObjectIdGetDatum(0),
@@ -2124,7 +2124,15 @@ pg_stat_get_xact_function_self_time(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(pgstat_fetch_global()->stats_timestamp);
+	bool		have_snapshot;
+	TimestampTz ts;
+
+	ts = pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(&have_snapshot);
+
+	if (!have_snapshot)
+		PG_RETURN_NULL();
+
+	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(ts);
 }
 
 /* Discard the active statistics snapshot */
@@ -2136,6 +2144,14 @@ pg_stat_clear_snapshot(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	PG_RETURN_VOID();
 }
 
+/* Force statistics to be reported at the next occasion */
+Datum
+pg_stat_force_next_flush(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	pgstat_force_next_flush();
+
+	PG_RETURN_VOID();
+}
 
 /* Reset all counters for the current database */
 Datum
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
index fccffce5729..4d2b970a40e 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@
 #include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
 #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
 #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
 #include "rewrite/rewriteDefine.h"
 #include "rewrite/rowsecurity.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
@@ -2389,6 +2390,9 @@ RelationDestroyRelation(Relation relation, bool remember_tupdesc)
 	 */
 	RelationCloseSmgr(relation);
 
+	/* break mutual link with stats entry */
+	pgstat_relation_delink(relation);
+
 	/*
 	 * Free all the subsidiary data structures of the relcache entry, then the
 	 * entry itself.
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
index 3419c099b28..1a5d29ac9ba 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t LogMemoryContextPending = false;
+volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile uint32 InterruptHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 QueryCancelHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 CritSectionCount = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
index bdc77af7194..0d3cfe8240b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
@@ -288,9 +288,6 @@ GetBackendTypeDesc(BackendType backendType)
 		case B_ARCHIVER:
 			backendDesc = "archiver";
 			break;
-		case B_STATS_COLLECTOR:
-			backendDesc = "stats collector";
-			break;
 		case B_LOGGER:
 			backendDesc = "logger";
 			break;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
index 86d193c89fc..151a40c5c11 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ static void StatementTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void LockTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
+static void IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void);
 static bool ThereIsAtLeastOneRole(void);
 static void process_startup_options(Port *port, bool am_superuser);
@@ -706,6 +707,8 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 						IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, IdleSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT, ClientCheckTimeoutHandler);
+		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+						IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -733,6 +736,7 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 		 * Use before_shmem_exit() so that ShutdownXLOG() can rely on DSM
 		 * segments etc to work (which in turn is required for pgstats).
 		 */
+		before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
 		before_shmem_exit(ShutdownXLOG, 0);
 	}
 
@@ -1333,6 +1337,14 @@ IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void)
 	SetLatch(MyLatch);
 }
 
+static void
+IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void)
+{
+	IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = true;
+	InterruptPending = true;
+	SetLatch(MyLatch);
+}
+
 static void
 ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index 1e3650184b1..61901a1f479 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -373,6 +373,16 @@ static const struct config_enum_entry track_function_options[] = {
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(track_function_options) == (TRACK_FUNC_ALL + 2),
 				 "array length mismatch");
 
+static const struct config_enum_entry stats_fetch_consistency[] = {
+	{"none", STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE, false},
+	{"cache", STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE, false},
+	{"snapshot", STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT, false},
+	{NULL, 0, false}
+};
+
+StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(stats_fetch_consistency) == (STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT + 2),
+				 "array length mismatch");
+
 static const struct config_enum_entry xmlbinary_options[] = {
 	{"base64", XMLBINARY_BASE64, false},
 	{"hex", XMLBINARY_HEX, false},
@@ -4901,6 +4911,16 @@ static struct config_enum ConfigureNamesEnum[] =
 		NULL, NULL, NULL
 	},
 
+	{
+		{"stats_fetch_consistency", PGC_SUSET, STATS_COLLECTOR,
+			gettext_noop("Stats consistency model XXXX"),
+			NULL
+		},
+		&pgstat_fetch_consistency,
+		STATS_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE, stats_fetch_consistency,
+		NULL, NULL, NULL
+	},
+
 	{
 		{"wal_level", PGC_POSTMASTER, WAL_SETTINGS,
 			gettext_noop("Sets the level of information written to the WAL."),
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
index 4a094bb38be..8c2e4fb048d 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@
 # STATISTICS
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-# - Query and Index Statistics Collector -
+# - Query and Index Activity Statistics -
 
 #track_activities = on
 #track_activity_query_size = 1024	# (change requires restart)
@@ -612,6 +612,7 @@
 #track_wal_io_timing = off
 #track_functions = none			# none, pl, all
 #stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
+#stats_fetch_consistency = none
 
 
 # - Monitoring -
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl
index 8cb8cfe045e..961504d2167 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ is_deeply(
 
 # Contents of these directories should not be copied.
 foreach my $dirname (
-	qw(pg_dynshmem pg_notify pg_replslot pg_serial pg_snapshots pg_stat_tmp pg_subtrans)
+	qw(pg_dynshmem pg_notify pg_replslot pg_serial pg_snapshots pg_subtrans)
   )
 {
 	is_deeply(
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index 9fb62fec8ec..fbf8b983612 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -5129,7 +5129,8 @@ SELECT pid, wait_event_type, wait_event FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE wait_event i
         <returnvalue>timestamp with time zone</returnvalue>
        </para>
        <para>
-        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot.
+        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot, or NULL if
+        no statistics snapshot has been taken.
        </para></entry>
       </row>
 
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
index 3e9ab0915fe..b9821cd8c76 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 -- for the moment, we don't want index-only scans here
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
 declare
@@ -34,6 +37,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- we don't want to wait forever; loop will exit after 30 seconds
   for i in 1 .. 300 loop
 
@@ -160,6 +165,8 @@ SELECT wait_for_stats();
 (1 row)
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -199,6 +206,7 @@ FROM prevstats AS pr;
  t
 (1 row)
 
+COMMIT;
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
 -- test BRIN index doesn't block HOT update - we include this test here, as it
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
index 82e6f24c391..9dfd44748e5 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
 
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
@@ -33,6 +36,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- we don't want to wait forever; loop will exit after 30 seconds
   for i in 1 .. 300 loop
 
@@ -155,6 +160,9 @@ RESET enable_bitmapscan;
 SELECT wait_for_stats();
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -174,6 +182,8 @@ SELECT st.heap_blks_read + st.heap_blks_hit >= pr.heap_blks + cl.relpages,
 SELECT pr.snap_ts < pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp() as snapshot_newer
 FROM prevstats AS pr;
 
+COMMIT;
+
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
 
diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
index eaf3e7a8d44..9749a8fbb05 100644
--- a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
+++ b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
@@ -1913,45 +1913,24 @@ PgFdwPathExtraData
 PgFdwRelationInfo
 PgFdwScanState
 PgIfAddrCallback
+PgStatHashEntry
+PgStatHashKey
+PgStatLocalHashEntry
+PgStatSharedSLRUStats
+PgStatShm_StatDBEntry
+PgStatShm_StatEntryHeader
+PgStatShm_StatFuncEntry
+PgStatShm_StatTabEntry
+PgStatShmemGlobal
+PgStatTypes
 PgStat_ArchiverStats
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
+PgStat_BgWriterStats
+PgStat_CheckPointerStats
 PgStat_Counter
 PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 PgStat_FunctionCounts
-PgStat_FunctionEntry
-PgStat_GlobalStats
-PgStat_Msg
-PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-PgStat_MsgAnlAncestors
-PgStat_MsgArchiver
-PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-PgStat_MsgConnect
-PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-PgStat_MsgDisconnect
-PgStat_MsgDropdb
-PgStat_MsgDummy
-PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-PgStat_MsgHdr
-PgStat_MsgInquiry
-PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter
-PgStat_MsgSLRU
-PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop
-PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError
-PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-PgStat_MsgTabstat
-PgStat_MsgTempFile
-PgStat_MsgVacuum
-PgStat_MsgWal
+PgStat_ReplSlotStats
 PgStat_SLRUStats
 PgStat_Shared_Reset_Target
 PgStat_Single_Reset_Type
@@ -1962,7 +1941,6 @@ PgStat_StatSubEntry
 PgStat_StatTabEntry
 PgStat_SubXactStatus
 PgStat_TableCounts
-PgStat_TableEntry
 PgStat_TableStatus
 PgStat_TableXactStatus
 PgStat_WalStats
@@ -2510,7 +2488,6 @@ StartReplicationCmd
 StartupStatusEnum
 StatEntry
 StatExtEntry
-StatMsgType
 StateFileChunk
 StatisticExtInfo
 Stats
@@ -2624,8 +2601,6 @@ TXNEntryFile
 TYPCATEGORY
 T_Action
 T_WorkerStatus
-TabStatHashEntry
-TabStatusArray
 TableAmRoutine
 TableAttachInfo
 TableDataInfo
-- 
2.35.1.354.g715d08a9e5


--6rwz5pdckqwec52m
Content-Type: text/x-diff; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="v65-0009-pgstat-Extend-pgstat-test-coverage.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v68 13/31] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory.
@ 2022-04-03 19:43 Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2022-04-03 19:43 UTC (permalink / raw)

TODO:
- verify all AFIXMEs
- Tests for stats dropping:
  - think about / document checkpointer race conditions
  - check what needs to be done for index (and matview, ...?) stats
- consistent naming around replacing "stats collector"
  references. Don't like "activity statistics".
- Document stats_fetch_consistency / adjust existing documentation
  around stats fetching

Previously activity statistics is collected via sockets and shared
among backends through files periodically. Such files reaches tens of
megabytes and are created at most every 1 second and such large data
is serialized by stats collector then de-serialized on every backend
periodically. To evade that large cost, this patch places activity
statistics data on shared memory. Each backend accumulates statistics
numbers locally then tries to move them onto the shared statistics at
every transaction end but with intervals not shorter than 10 seconds.
Until 60 second has elapsed since the last flushing to shared stats,
lock failure postpones stats flushing to try to alleviate lock
contention that slows down transactions.  Finally stats flush waits
for locks so that shared statistics doesn't get stale.

FIXME: bump PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID

Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Author: Andres Freund <[email protected]>
Author: Melanie Plageman <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
---
 src/include/miscadmin.h                       |    2 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  680 +--
 src/include/storage/lwlock.h                  |    3 +
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  599 +-
 src/include/utils/rel.h                       |    1 +
 src/include/utils/timeout.h                   |    1 +
 src/include/utils/wait_event.h                |    1 -
 src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c             |   26 +-
 src/backend/commands/vacuum.c                 |    7 -
 src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c         |    2 +
 src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c           |  197 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c         |   20 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c            |    5 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c               | 4845 ++++-------------
 src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c           |   91 +-
 src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c     |    1 -
 src/backend/replication/slot.c                |   28 +-
 src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c           |    8 +-
 src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c                |    2 +
 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c             |    8 +-
 src/backend/tcop/postgres.c                   |   29 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile           |    1 +
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c  |   89 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c  |   81 +-
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c      |   93 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |  327 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |  165 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  626 ++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c  |  189 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c     |  998 ++++
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c      |  160 +-
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c      |   86 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c       |  168 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c      |   39 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c       |    3 -
 src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c           |   10 +-
 src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c            |    5 +
 src/backend/utils/init/globals.c              |    1 +
 src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c             |    3 -
 src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c             |   12 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c                  |   21 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample |    1 +
 contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out      |    1 +
 contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql           |    1 +
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |   19 +-
 src/test/regress/expected/stats.out           |    8 +
 src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql                |   10 +
 src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list              |   63 +-
 48 files changed, 4311 insertions(+), 5425 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c

diff --git a/src/include/miscadmin.h b/src/include/miscadmin.h
index 0abc3ad5405..1d89b2759d2 100644
--- a/src/include/miscadmin.h
+++ b/src/include/miscadmin.h
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t LogMemoryContextPending;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending;
 
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t CheckClientConnectionPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ClientConnectionLost;
@@ -333,7 +334,6 @@ typedef enum BackendType
 	B_WAL_SENDER,
 	B_WAL_WRITER,
 	B_ARCHIVER,
-	B_STATS_COLLECTOR,
 	B_LOGGER,
 } BackendType;
 
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index 26dde96726f..b4d1be8a79d 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -14,10 +14,8 @@
 #include "datatype/timestamp.h"
 #include "portability/instr_time.h"
 #include "postmaster/pgarch.h"	/* for MAX_XFN_CHARS */
-#include "replication/logicalproto.h"
 #include "utils/backend_progress.h" /* for backward compatibility */
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */
-#include "utils/hsearch.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */
 
@@ -27,8 +25,8 @@
  * ----------
  */
 #define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY		"pg_stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/global.stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/global.tmp"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/pgstat.stat"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/pgstat.tmp"
 
 /* Default directory to store temporary statistics data in */
 #define PG_STAT_TMP_DIR		"pg_stat_tmp"
@@ -69,6 +67,13 @@ typedef enum TrackFunctionsLevel
 	TRACK_FUNC_ALL
 }			TrackFunctionsLevel;
 
+typedef enum PgStat_FetchConsistency
+{
+	PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE,
+	PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE,
+	PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT,
+} PgStat_FetchConsistency;
+
 /* Values to track the cause of session termination */
 typedef enum SessionEndType
 {
@@ -95,7 +100,7 @@ typedef int64 PgStat_Counter;
  * PgStat_FunctionCounts	The actual per-function counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any pending stats.
  *
  * Note that the time counters are in instr_time format here.  We convert to
  * microseconds in PgStat_Counter format when flushing out pending statistics.
@@ -109,12 +114,11 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCounts
 } PgStat_FunctionCounts;
 
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry	Entry in backend's per-function hash table
+ * PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry	Non-flushed function stats.
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
 {
-	Oid			f_id;
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts f_counts;
 } PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry;
 
@@ -134,13 +138,22 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 	instr_time	f_start;
 } PgStat_FunctionCallUsage;
 
+/* ----------
+ * PgStat_BackendSubEntry	Non-flushed subscription stats.
+ * ----------
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_BackendSubEntry
+{
+	PgStat_Counter apply_error_count;
+	PgStat_Counter sync_error_count;
+} PgStat_BackendSubEntry;
+
 /* ----------
  * PgStat_TableCounts			The actual per-table counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
- * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state) and
- * PgStat_TableEntry (the transmitted message format).
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any stats updates to apply.
+ * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state).
  *
  * Note: for a table, tuples_returned is the number of tuples successfully
  * fetched by heap_getnext, while tuples_fetched is the number of tuples
@@ -197,6 +210,7 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableStatus
 	bool		t_shared;		/* is it a shared catalog? */
 	struct PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans;	/* lowest subxact's counts */
 	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;	/* event counts to be sent */
+	Relation	relation;		/* rel that is using this entry */
 } PgStat_TableStatus;
 
 /* ----------
@@ -224,562 +238,7 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableXactStatus
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Message formats follow
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
- */
-
-/* ----------
- * The types of backend -> collector messages
- * ----------
- */
-typedef enum StatMsgType
-{
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR,
-} StatMsgType;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgHdr				The common message header
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgHdr
-{
-	StatMsgType m_type;
-	int			m_size;
-} PgStat_MsgHdr;
-
-/* ----------
- * Space available in a message.  This will keep the UDP packets below 1K,
- * which should fit unfragmented into the MTU of the loopback interface.
- * (Larger values of PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would work for that on most
- * platforms, but we're being conservative here.)
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE 1000
-#define PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD	(PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE - sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDummy				A dummy message, ignored by the collector
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDummy
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-} PgStat_MsgDummy;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgInquiry			Sent by a backend to ask the collector
- *								to write the stats file(s).
- *
- * Ordinarily, an inquiry message prompts writing of the global stats file,
- * the stats file for shared catalogs, and the stats file for the specified
- * database.  If databaseid is InvalidOid, only the first two are written.
- *
- * New file(s) will be written only if the existing file has a timestamp
- * older than the specified cutoff_time; this prevents duplicated effort
- * when multiple requests arrive at nearly the same time, assuming that
- * backends send requests with cutoff_times a little bit in the past.
- *
- * clock_time should be the requestor's current local time; the collector
- * uses this to check for the system clock going backward, but it has no
- * effect unless that occurs.  We assume clock_time >= cutoff_time, though.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgInquiry
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	TimestampTz clock_time;		/* observed local clock time */
-	TimestampTz cutoff_time;	/* minimum acceptable file timestamp */
-	Oid			databaseid;		/* requested DB (InvalidOid => shared only) */
-} PgStat_MsgInquiry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_TableEntry			Per-table info in a MsgTabstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_TableEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;
-} PgStat_TableEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabstat			Sent by the backend to report table
- *								and buffer access statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - 3 * sizeof(int) - 5 * sizeof(PgStat_Counter)) \
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	int			m_xact_commit;
-	int			m_xact_rollback;
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_read_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_write_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_session_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_active_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_idle_in_xact_time;
-	PgStat_TableEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgTabstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead tables.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_tableid[PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgTabpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDropdb				Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a dropped database
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDropdb
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDropdb;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetcounter		Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset counters
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a shared counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Kind m_resettarget;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a single counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_Kind m_resettype;
-	Oid			m_objectid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a SLRU counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	int			m_index;
-} PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset replication slot counter(s)
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	NameData	m_slotname;
-	bool		clearall;
-} PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset subscription counter(s)
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_subid;		/* InvalidOid means reset all subscription
-								 * stats */
-} PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAutovacStart		Sent by the autovacuum daemon to signal
- *								that a database is going to be processed
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	TimestampTz m_start_time;
-} PgStat_MsgAutovacStart;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgVacuum				Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after VACUUM
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgVacuum
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	TimestampTz m_vacuumtime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgVacuum;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAnalyze			Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after ANALYZE
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	bool		m_resetcounter;
-	TimestampTz m_analyzetime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgAnalyze;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgArchiver			Sent by the archiver to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgArchiver
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	bool		m_failed;		/* Failed attempt */
-	char		m_xlog[MAX_XFN_CHARS + 1];
-	TimestampTz m_timestamp;
-} PgStat_MsgArchiver;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgBgWriter			Sent by the bgwriter to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_maxwritten_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_alloc;
-} PgStat_MsgBgWriter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgCheckpointer  Sent by the checkpointer to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgCheckpointer
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_timed_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_requested_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_fsync_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_write_time; /* times in milliseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-} PgStat_MsgCheckpointer;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgWal			Sent by backends and background processes to update WAL statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgWal
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_records;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_fpi;
-	uint64		m_wal_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_buffers_full;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write_time;	/* time spent writing wal records in
-										 * microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync_time; /* time spent syncing wal records in
-									 * microseconds */
-} PgStat_MsgWal;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSLRU			Sent by a backend to update SLRU statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSLRU
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_index;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_zeroed;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_hit;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_read;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_written;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_exists;
-	PgStat_Counter m_flush;
-	PgStat_Counter m_truncate;
-} PgStat_MsgSLRU;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgReplSlot	Sent by a backend or a wal sender to update replication
- *						slot statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	NameData	m_slotname;
-	bool		m_create;
-	bool		m_drop;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_total_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_total_bytes;
-} PgStat_MsgReplSlot;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop	Sent by the backend and autovacuum to tell the
- *								collector about the dead subscription.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_subid;
-} PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError	Sent by the apply worker or the table sync
- *								worker to report an error on the subscription.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_subid;
-	bool		m_is_apply_error;
-} PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict	Sent by the backend upon recovery conflict
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_reason;
-} PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTempFile	Sent by the backend upon creating a temp file
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTempFile
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	size_t		m_filesize;
-} PgStat_MsgTempFile;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_FunctionEntry			Per-function info in a MsgFuncstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_FunctionEntry
-{
-	Oid			f_id;
-	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
-	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter f_self_time;
-} PgStat_FunctionEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncstat			Sent by the backend to report function
- *								usage statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES	\
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead functions.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_functionid[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDeadlock			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a deadlock that occurred.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDeadlock;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure	Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about checksum failures noticed.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_failurecount;
-	TimestampTz m_failure_time;
-} PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgConnect			Sent by the backend upon connection
- *								establishment
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgConnect
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgConnect;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDisconnect			Sent by the backend when disconnecting
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDisconnect
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	SessionEndType m_cause;
-} PgStat_MsgDisconnect;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_Msg					Union over all possible messages.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef union PgStat_Msg
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr msg_hdr;
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg_dummy;
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg_inquiry;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat msg_tabstat;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg_tabpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg_dropdb;
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg_resetcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg_resetsharedcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg_resetsinglecounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg_resetslrucounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg_resetreplslotcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg_resetsubcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg_autovacuum_start;
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg_vacuum;
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg_analyze;
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg_archiver;
-	PgStat_MsgBgWriter msg_bgwriter;
-	PgStat_MsgCheckpointer msg_checkpointer;
-	PgStat_MsgWal msg_wal;
-	PgStat_MsgSLRU msg_slru;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg_funcstat;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge msg_funcpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg_recoveryconflict;
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg_deadlock;
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg_tempfile;
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg_checksumfailure;
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg_replslot;
-	PgStat_MsgConnect msg_connect;
-	PgStat_MsgDisconnect msg_disconnect;
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError msg_subscriptionerror;
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop msg_subscriptiondrop;
-} PgStat_Msg;
-
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Statistic collector data structures follow
+ * Data structures on disk and in shared memory follow
  *
  * PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID should be changed whenever any of these
  * data structures change.
@@ -811,7 +270,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_BgWriterStats
 
 typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 {
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
 	PgStat_Counter timed_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter requested_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter checkpoint_write_time;	/* times in milliseconds */
@@ -823,7 +281,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 {
-	Oid			databaseid;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_commit;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_rollback;
 	PgStat_Counter n_blocks_fetched;
@@ -855,34 +312,16 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 	PgStat_Counter n_sessions_killed;
 
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of db stats file update */
-
-	/*
-	 * tables and functions must be last in the struct, because we don't write
-	 * the pointers out to the stats file.
-	 */
-	HTAB	   *tables;
-	HTAB	   *functions;
 } PgStat_StatDBEntry;
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 {
-	Oid			functionid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
 
 	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
 	PgStat_Counter f_self_time;
 } PgStat_StatFuncEntry;
 
-typedef struct PgStat_GlobalStats
-{
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
-
-	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
-	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
-} PgStat_GlobalStats;
-
 typedef struct PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry
 {
 	NameData	slotname;
@@ -911,8 +350,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SLRUStats
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatSubEntry
 {
-	Oid			subid;			/* hash key (must be first) */
-
 	PgStat_Counter apply_error_count;
 	PgStat_Counter sync_error_count;
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
@@ -920,8 +357,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatSubEntry
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatTabEntry
 {
-	Oid			tableid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter numscans;
 
 	PgStat_Counter tuples_returned;
@@ -969,14 +404,13 @@ typedef struct PgStat_WalStats
  */
 
 /* functions called from postmaster */
-extern void pgstat_init(void);
-extern void pgstat_reset_all(void);
-extern int	pgstat_start(void);
-extern void allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void);
+extern Size StatsShmemSize(void);
+extern void StatsShmemInit(void);
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-extern void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
-#endif
+/* Functions called during server startup / shutdown */
+extern void pgstat_restore_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_discard_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg);
 
 /* Functions for backend initialization */
 extern void pgstat_initialize(void);
@@ -992,33 +426,24 @@ extern int	pgstat_get_transactional_drops(bool isCommit, struct xl_xact_stats_it
 extern void pgstat_execute_transactional_drops(int ndrops, struct xl_xact_stats_item *items, bool is_redo);
 
 /* Functions called from backends */
-extern void pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
-extern void pgstat_vacuum_stat(void);
-extern void pgstat_ping(void);
+extern long pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
 
 extern void pgstat_reset_counters(void);
 extern void pgstat_reset_single_counter(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid objectid);
 extern void pgstat_reset_shared_counters(PgStat_Kind kind);
 
 /* stats accessors */
-extern PgStat_ArchiverStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void);
-extern PgStat_BgWriterStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void);
-extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void);
-extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid);
-extern PgStat_StatFuncEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid funcid);
-extern PgStat_GlobalStats *pgstat_fetch_global(void);
-extern PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname);
-extern PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid);
-extern PgStat_SLRUStats *pgstat_fetch_slru(void);
-extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid);
-extern PgStat_WalStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void);
+extern TimestampTz pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot);
 
+/* helpers */
+extern PgStat_Kind pgstat_kind_from_str(char *kind_str);
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_archiver.c
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
+extern PgStat_ArchiverStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1026,6 +451,7 @@ extern void pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_bgwriter(void);
+extern PgStat_BgWriterStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1033,6 +459,7 @@ extern void pgstat_report_bgwriter(void);
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_checkpointer(void);
+extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1055,6 +482,7 @@ extern void pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid);
 #define pgstat_count_conn_txn_idle_time(n)							\
 	(pgStatTransactionIdleTime += (n))
 
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid);
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
@@ -1069,6 +497,7 @@ extern void pgstat_init_function_usage(struct FunctionCallInfoBaseData *fcinfo,
 extern void pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu,
 									  bool finalize);
 
+extern PgStat_StatFuncEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid funcid);
 extern PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id);
 
 
@@ -1081,6 +510,8 @@ extern void pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel);
 extern void pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dstrel, Relation srcrel);
 
 extern void pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_relation_unlink(Relation rel);
 
 extern void pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
@@ -1089,8 +520,14 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 								  PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples,
 								  bool resetcounter);
 
+/*
+ * If stats are hasn't been prepared yet, call pgstat_relation_assoc() to do
+ * so. See its comment for why this is done separately from
+ * pgstat_relation_init().
+ */
 #define pgstat_relation_should_count(rel)                           \
-	(likely((rel)->pgstat_info != NULL))
+	(likely((rel)->pgstat_info != NULL) ? true :                    \
+	 ((rel)->pgstat_enabled ? pgstat_relation_assoc(rel), true : false))
 
 /* nontransactional event counts are simple enough to inline */
 
@@ -1141,6 +578,9 @@ extern void pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 extern void pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 									  void *recdata, uint32 len);
 
+extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid);
+extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(bool shared,
+														   Oid relid);
 extern PgStat_TableStatus *find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id);
 
 
@@ -1153,7 +593,9 @@ extern void pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name);
 struct ReplicationSlot;
 extern void pgstat_report_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat);
 extern void pgstat_create_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot);
-extern void pgstat_drop_replslot(const char *slotname);
+extern void pgstat_acquire_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot);
+extern void pgstat_drop_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot);
+extern PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1170,6 +612,7 @@ extern void pgstat_count_slru_flush(int slru_idx);
 extern void pgstat_count_slru_truncate(int slru_idx);
 extern const char *pgstat_slru_name(int slru_idx);
 extern int	pgstat_slru_index(const char *name);
+extern PgStat_SLRUStats *pgstat_fetch_slru(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1181,6 +624,7 @@ extern void pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid);
 extern void pgstat_report_subscription_error(Oid subid, bool is_apply_error);
 extern void pgstat_create_subscription(Oid subid);
 extern void pgstat_drop_subscription(Oid subid);
+extern PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1188,6 +632,7 @@ extern void pgstat_drop_subscription(Oid subid);
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_wal(bool force);
+extern PgStat_WalStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1197,6 +642,9 @@ extern void pgstat_report_wal(bool force);
 /* GUC parameters */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT bool pgstat_track_counts;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_track_functions;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_fetch_consistency;
+
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 extern char *pgstat_stat_directory;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_tmpname;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_filename;
@@ -1207,7 +655,7 @@ extern char *pgstat_stat_filename;
  */
 
 /* updated directly by bgwriter and bufmgr */
-extern PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
+extern PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats;
 
 
 /*
@@ -1218,7 +666,7 @@ extern PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
  * Checkpointer statistics counters are updated directly by checkpointer and
  * bufmgr.
  */
-extern PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
+extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats;
 
 
 /*
@@ -1245,7 +693,7 @@ extern SessionEndType pgStatSessionEndCause;
  */
 
 /* updated directly by backends and background processes */
-extern PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
+extern PgStat_WalStats PendingWalStats;
 
 
 #endif							/* PGSTAT_H */
diff --git a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
index c3d5889d7b2..33eb4c10339 100644
--- a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
+++ b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
@@ -190,6 +190,9 @@ typedef enum BuiltinTrancheIds
 	LWTRANCHE_SHARED_TIDBITMAP,
 	LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND,
 	LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DSA,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_HASH,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA,
 	LWTRANCHE_FIRST_USER_DEFINED
 }			BuiltinTrancheIds;
 
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index 16e99afa885..7efa9d32a97 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Definitions for the PostgreSQL cumulative statistics system that should
  * only be needed by files implementing statistics support (rather than ones
- * reporting / querying stats).
+ * reporting stats).
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
@@ -14,21 +14,133 @@
 #define PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H
 
 
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
+#include "lib/ilist.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
+#include "utils/dsa.h"
 
 
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL	500 /* Minimum time between stats file
-									 * updates; in milliseconds. */
-
-/* ----------
- * The initial size hints for the hash tables used in the collector.
- * ----------
+/*
+ * Types related to shared memory storage of statistics.
+ *
+ * Per-object statistics are stored in the "shared stats" hashtable. That
+ * table's entries (PgStatShared_HashEntry) contain a pointer to the actual stats
+ * data for the object (the size of the stats data varies depending on the
+ * kind of stats). The table is keyed by PgStat_HashKey.
+ *
+ * Once a backend has a reference to a shared stats entry, it increments the
+ * entry's refcount. Even after stats data is dropped (e.g. due to a DROP
+ * TABLE), the entry itself can only be deleted once all references have been
+ * released.
+ *
+ * These refcounts, in combination with a backend local hashtable
+ * (pgStatEntryRefHash, with entries pointing to PgStat_EntryRef) in front of
+ * the shared hash table, mean that most stats work can happen without
+ * touching the shared hash table, reducing contention.
+ *
+ * Once there are pending stats updates for a table PgStat_EntryRef->pending
+ * is allocated to contain a working space for as-of-yet-unapplied stats
+ * updates. Once the stats are flushed, PgStat_EntryRef->pending is freed.
+ *
+ * Each stat kind in the shared hash table has a fixed member
+ * PgStatShared_Common as the first element.
  */
-#define PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE		16
-#define PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE	512
-#define PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE	512
-#define PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE	32
-#define PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE	32
+
+/* struct for shared statistics hash entry key. */
+typedef struct PgStat_HashKey
+{
+	PgStat_Kind kind;			/* statistics entry kind */
+	Oid			dboid;			/* database ID. InvalidOid for shared objects. */
+	Oid			objoid;			/* object ID, either table or function. */
+} PgStat_HashKey;
+
+/*
+ * Shared statistics hash entry. Doesn't itself contain any stats, but points
+ * to them (with ->body). That allows the stats entries themselves to be of
+ * variable size.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShared_HashEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;			/* hash key */
+
+	/*
+	 * If dropped is set, backends need to release their references so that
+	 * the memory for the entry can be freed. No new references may be made
+	 * once marked as dropped.
+	 */
+	bool		dropped;
+
+	/*
+	 * Refcount managing lifetime of the entry itself (as opposed to the
+	 * dshash entry pointing to it). The stats lifetime has to be separate
+	 * from the hash table entry lifetime because we allow backends to point
+	 * to a stats entry without holding a hash table lock (and some other
+	 * reasons).
+	 *
+	 * As long as the entry is not dropped, 1 is added to the refcount
+	 * representing that the entry should not be dropped. In addition each
+	 * backend that has a reference to the entry needs to increment the
+	 * refcount as long as it does.
+	 *
+	 * May only be incremented / decremented while holding at least a shared
+	 * lock on the dshash partition containing the entry. It needs to be an
+	 * atomic variable because multiple backends can increment the refcount
+	 * with just a shared lock.
+	 *
+	 * When the refcount reaches 0 the entry needs to be freed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint32 refcount;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to shared stats. The stats entry always starts with
+	 * PgStatShared_Common, embedded in a larger struct containing the
+	 * PgStat_Kind specific stats fields.
+	 */
+	dsa_pointer body;
+} PgStatShared_HashEntry;
+
+/*
+ * Common header struct for PgStatShm_Stat*Entry.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Common
+{
+	uint32		magic;			/* just a validity cross-check */
+	/* lock protecting stats contents (i.e. data following the header) */
+	LWLock		lock;
+} PgStatShared_Common;
+
+/*
+ * A backend local reference to a shared stats entry. As long as at least one
+ * such reference exists, the shared stats entry will not be released.
+ *
+ * If there are pending stats update to the shared stats, these are stored in
+ * ->pending.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_EntryRef
+{
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to the PgStatShared_HashEntry entry in the shared stats
+	 * hashtable.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shared_entry;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to the stats data (i.e. PgStatShared_HashEntry->body), resolved
+	 * as a local pointer, to avoid repeated dsa_get_address() calls.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_Common *shared_stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pending statistics data that will need to be flushed to shared memory
+	 * stats eventually. Each stats kind utilizing pending data defines what
+	 * format its pending data has and needs to provide a
+	 * PgStat_KindInfo->flush_pending_cb callback to merge pending into shared
+	 * stats.
+	 */
+	void	   *pending;
+	dlist_node	pending_node;	/* membership in pgStatPending list */
+} PgStat_EntryRef;
 
 
 /*
@@ -64,10 +176,93 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
 } PgStat_SubXactStatus;
 
 
+/*
+ * Metadata for a specific kinds of statistics.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_KindInfo
+{
+	/*
+	 * Does a fixed number of stats object exist for this kind of stats or not
+	 * (e.g. tables).
+	 */
+	bool		fixed_amount:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Can stats of this kind be accessed from another database? Determines
+	 * whether a stats object gets included in stats snapshots.
+	 */
+	bool		accessed_across_databases:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable number stats: Identified on-disk using a name, rather than
+	 * PgStat_HashKey. Probably only needed for replication slot stats.
+	 */
+	bool		named_on_disk:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of an entry in the shared stats hash table (pointed to by
+	 * PgStatShared_HashEntry->body).
+	 */
+	uint32		shared_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The offset/size of the statistics inside the shared stats entry. This
+	 * is used to e.g. avoid touching lwlocks when serializing / restoring
+	 * stats snapshot serialized to / from disk respectively.
+	 */
+	uint32		shared_data_off;
+	uint32		shared_data_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of the pending data for this kind. E.g. how large
+	 * PgStat_EntryRef->pending is. Used for allocations.
+	 *
+	 * -1 signal that an entry of this kind should never have a pending entry.
+	 */
+	uint32		pending_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable number stats: flush pending stats.
+	 */
+	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable number stats: delete pending stats. Optional.
+	 */
+	void		(*delete_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable number stats: reset the reset timestamp. Optional.
+	 */
+	void		(*reset_timestamp_cb) (PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+
+	/*
+	 * For global statistics: Reset All.
+	 */
+	void		(*reset_all_cb) (TimestampTz now);
+
+	/*
+	 * For global statistics: Fetch a snapshot of appropriate global stats.
+	 */
+	void		(*snapshot_cb) (void);
+
+	/*
+	 * For named_on_disk_stats:
+	 */
+	void		(*to_serialized_name) (const PgStatShared_Common *header, NameData *name);
+	bool		(*from_serialized_name) (const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key);
+
+	const char *const name;
+} PgStat_KindInfo;
+
+
 /*
  * List of SLRU names that we keep stats for.  There is no central registry of
  * SLRUs, so we use this fixed list instead.  The "other" entry is used for
  * all SLRUs without an explicit entry (e.g. SLRUs in extensions).
+ *
+ * This is only defined here so that SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS is known for later type
+ * definitions.
  */
 static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 	"CommitTs",
@@ -83,33 +278,265 @@ static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 #define SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS	lengthof(slru_names)
 
 
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of fixed-amount stats.
+ *
+ * Single-writer stats use the changecount mechanism to achieve low-overhead
+ * writes - they're obviously performance critical than reads. Check the
+ * definition of struct PgBackendStatus for some explanation of the
+ * changecount mechanism.
+ *
+ * Because the obvious implementation of resetting single-writer stats isn't
+ * compatible with that (another backend needs to write), we don't scribble on
+ * shared stats while resetting. Instead, just record the current counter
+ * values in a copy of the stats data, which is protected by ->lock. See
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_(archiver|bgwriter|checkpointer) for the reader side.
+ *
+ * The only exception to that is the the stat_reset_timestamp in these
+ * structs, which is protected by ->lock, because it has to be written by
+ * another backend while resetting
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Archiver
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats stats;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_Archiver;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_BgWriter
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats stats;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_BgWriter;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Checkpointer
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats stats;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_Checkpointer;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_SLRU
+{
+	/* lock protects ->stats */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	PgStat_SLRUStats stats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+} PgStatShared_SLRU;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Wal
+{
+	/* lock protects ->stats */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	PgStat_WalStats stats;
+} PgStatShared_Wal;
+
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of variable-amount stats.
+ *
+ * Each struct has to start with PgStatShared_Common, containing information
+ * common across the different types of stats. Afterwards kind-specific data
+ * follows.
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Database
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Database;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Relation
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Relation;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Function
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatFuncEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Function;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Subscription
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatSubEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Subscription;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_ReplSlot
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_ReplSlot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Central shared memory entry for the cumulative stats system.
+ *
+ * Fixed amount stats, the dynamics shared memory hash table for
+ * non-fixed-amount stats, as well as remaining bits and pieces are all
+ * reached from here.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_ShmemControl
+{
+	void	   *raw_dsa_area;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats for objects for which a variable number exists are kept in this
+	 * shared hash table. See comment above PgStat_Kind for details.
+	 */
+	dshash_table_handle hash_handle;	/* shared dbstat hash */
+
+	/* Has the stats system already been shut down? Just a debugging check. */
+	bool		is_shutdown;
+
+	/*
+	 * Whenever the for a dropped stats entry could not be freed (because
+	 * backends still have references), this is incremented, causing backends
+	 * to run pgstat_gc_entry_refs(), allowing that memory to be reclaimed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint64 gc_count;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats data for fixed amount stats.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_Archiver archiver;
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter bgwriter;
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer checkpointer;
+	PgStatShared_SLRU slru;
+	PgStatShared_Wal wal;
+} PgStat_ShmemControl;
+
+
+/*
+ * Cached statistics snapshot
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_Snapshot
+{
+	PgStat_FetchConsistency mode;
+
+	/* time at which snapshot was taken */
+	TimestampTz snapshot_timestamp;
+
+	bool		global_valid[PGSTAT_NUM_KINDS];
+
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats archiver;
+
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
+
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
+
+	PgStat_SLRUStats slru[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+
+	PgStat_WalStats wal;
+
+	/* to free snapshot in bulk */
+	MemoryContext context;
+	struct pgstat_snapshot_hash *stats;
+} PgStat_Snapshot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Collection of backend-local stats state.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_LocalState
+{
+	PgStat_ShmemControl *shmem;
+	dsa_area   *dsa;
+	dshash_table *shared_hash;
+
+	/* the current statistics snapshot */
+	PgStat_Snapshot snapshot;
+} PgStat_LocalState;
+
+
+/*
+ * Inline functions defined further below.
+ */
+
+static inline void changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline void changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline uint32 changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc);
+static inline bool changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 cc_before);
+
+static inline void pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+												   uint32 *cc);
+
+
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype);
-extern void pgstat_send(void *msg, int len);
+const PgStat_KindInfo *pgstat_kind_info_for(PgStat_Kind kind);
+
 #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
 extern void pgstat_assert_is_up(void);
 #else
 #define pgstat_assert_is_up() ((void)true)
 #endif
 
+extern void pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool *created_entry);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+
+extern void *pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_archiver.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_bgwriter.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_checkpointer.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb(void);
+
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_database.c
  */
 
-extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
 extern void pgstat_report_disconnect(Oid dboid);
-extern void pgstat_update_dbstats(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_update_dbstats(TimestampTz now);
+extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
+
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid);
+extern void pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts);
+extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_funcstats(void);
+extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
 
 
 /*
@@ -120,23 +547,70 @@ extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isC
 extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit, int nestDepth);
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
-extern void pgstat_send_tabstats(TimestampTz now, bool disconnect);
+
+extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_replslot.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb(const PgStatShared_Common *tmp, NameData *name);
+extern bool pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb(const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_shmem.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_attach_shmem(void);
+extern void pgstat_detach_shmem(void);
+
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_get_entry_ref(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+											 bool create, bool *found);
+extern bool pgstat_lock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_unlock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+extern bool pgstat_drop_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+													bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_reset_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PgStat_Kind kind);
+extern void pgstat_reset_matching_entries(bool (*do_reset) (PgStatShared_HashEntry *, Datum), Datum match_data);
+
+extern void pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc(void);
+extern PgStatShared_Common *pgstat_init_entry(PgStat_Kind kind,
+											  PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_slru.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_slru(void);
+extern bool pgstat_slru_flush(bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb(void);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_wal.c
  */
 
+extern bool pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait);
 extern void pgstat_wal_initialize(void);
 extern bool pgstat_wal_pending(void);
 
+extern void pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
+ */
+
+extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
 /*
@@ -152,29 +626,100 @@ extern void pgstat_create_transactional(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
  * Variables in pgstat.c
  */
 
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
+extern PgStat_LocalState pgStatLocal;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_database.c
+ * Variables in pgstat_slru.c
  */
 
-extern int	pgStatXactCommit;
-extern int	pgStatXactRollback;
+extern bool have_slrustats;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_functions.c
+ * Implementation of inline functions declared above.
  */
 
-extern bool have_function_stats;
+/*
+ * Helpers for changecount manipulation. See comments around struct
+ * PgBackendStatus for details.
+ */
+
+static inline void
+changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 0);
+
+	START_CRIT_SECTION();
+	(*cc)++;
+	pg_write_barrier();
+}
+
+static inline void
+changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 1);
+
+	pg_write_barrier();
+
+	(*cc)++;
+
+	END_CRIT_SECTION();
+}
+
+static inline uint32
+changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32		before_cc = *cc;
+
+	CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	return before_cc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns true if the read succeeded, false if it needs to be repeated.
+ */
+static inline bool
+changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 before_cc)
+{
+	uint32		after_cc;
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	after_cc = *cc;
+
+	/* was a write in progress when we started? */
+	if (before_cc & 1)
+		return false;
+
+	/* did writes start and complete while we read? */
+	return before_cc == after_cc;
+}
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_relation.c
+ * helper function for PgStat_KindInfo->snapshot_cb
+ * PgStat_KindInfo->reset_all_cb callbacks.
+ *
+ * Copies out the specified memory area following change-count protocol.
  */
+static inline void
+pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+								uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32		cc_before;
 
-extern bool have_relation_stats;
+	do
+	{
+		cc_before = changecount_before_read(cc);
+
+		memcpy(dst, src, len);
+	}
+	while (!changecount_after_read(cc, cc_before));
+}
 
 
 #endif							/* PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/rel.h b/src/include/utils/rel.h
index 121dbbc9a96..eadbd009045 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/rel.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/rel.h
@@ -246,6 +246,7 @@ typedef struct RelationData
 	 */
 	Oid			rd_toastoid;	/* Real TOAST table's OID, or InvalidOid */
 
+	bool		pgstat_enabled;	/* should relation stats be counted */
 	/* use "struct" here to avoid needing to include pgstat.h: */
 	struct PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info; /* statistics collection area */
 } RelationData;
diff --git a/src/include/utils/timeout.h b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
index 099f91c61da..c068986d09a 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/timeout.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ typedef enum TimeoutId
 	STANDBY_LOCK_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_IN_TRANSACTION_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
+	IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
 	CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT,
 	STARTUP_PROGRESS_TIMEOUT,
 	/* First user-definable timeout reason */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
index d870c592632..b578e2ec757 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ typedef enum
 	WAIT_EVENT_CHECKPOINTER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_APPLY_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN,
-	WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM,
 	WAIT_EVENT_SYSLOGGER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_WAL_RECEIVER_MAIN,
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
index 17a56152f17..be2cd1a3ea5 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
@@ -1869,7 +1869,7 @@ AdvanceXLInsertBuffer(XLogRecPtr upto, TimeLineID tli, bool opportunistic)
 					WriteRqst.Flush = 0;
 					XLogWrite(WriteRqst, tli, false);
 					LWLockRelease(WALWriteLock);
-					WalStats.m_wal_buffers_full++;
+					PendingWalStats.wal_buffers_full++;
 					TRACE_POSTGRESQL_WAL_BUFFER_WRITE_DIRTY_DONE();
 				}
 				/* Re-acquire WALBufMappingLock and retry */
@@ -2227,10 +2227,10 @@ XLogWrite(XLogwrtRqst WriteRqst, TimeLineID tli, bool flexible)
 
 					INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 					INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-					WalStats.m_wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+					PendingWalStats.wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 				}
 
-				WalStats.m_wal_write++;
+				PendingWalStats.wal_write++;
 
 				if (written <= 0)
 				{
@@ -5208,9 +5208,12 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * Reset pgstat data, because it may be invalid after recovery.
+		 * Reset pgstat data, because it may be invalid after recovery. It's
+		 * safe to do this here, because postmaster will not yet have started
+		 * any other processes. NB: This basically just skips loading the data
+		 * from disk, see pgstat_restore_stats() call in clean-startup path.
 		 */
-		pgstat_reset_all();
+		pgstat_discard_stats();
 
 		/* Check that the GUCs used to generate the WAL allow recovery */
 		CheckRequiredParameterValues();
@@ -5302,8 +5305,13 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 		performedWalRecovery = true;
 	}
 	else
+	{
 		performedWalRecovery = false;
 
+		/* AFIXME: better location? */
+		pgstat_restore_stats();
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Finish WAL recovery.
 	 */
@@ -6104,8 +6112,8 @@ LogCheckpointEnd(bool restartpoint)
 												 CheckpointStats.ckpt_sync_end_t);
 
 	/* Accumulate checkpoint timing summary data, in milliseconds. */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
 
 	/*
 	 * All of the published timing statistics are accounted for.  Only
@@ -8032,10 +8040,10 @@ issue_xlog_fsync(int fd, XLogSegNo segno, TimeLineID tli)
 
 		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-		WalStats.m_wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+		PendingWalStats.wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 	}
 
-	WalStats.m_wal_sync++;
+	PendingWalStats.wal_sync++;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
index f5c92c3860e..6ae0813cfbe 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
@@ -351,13 +351,6 @@ vacuum(List *relations, VacuumParams *params,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
 				 errmsg("PROCESS_TOAST required with VACUUM FULL")));
 
-	/*
-	 * Send info about dead objects to the cumulative stats system, unless
-	 * we are in autovacuum --- autovacuum.c does this for itself.
-	 */
-	if ((params->options & VACOPT_VACUUM) && !IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
-		pgstat_vacuum_stat();
-
 	/*
 	 * Create special memory context for cross-transaction storage.
 	 *
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
index 974a29e7a96..6b4f742578e 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include "access/amapi.h"
 #include "access/table.h"
+#include "access/xact.h"
 #include "catalog/index.h"
 #include "commands/vacuum.h"
 #include "optimizer/paths.h"
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "storage/bufmgr.h"
 #include "tcop/tcopprot.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
+#include "utils/rel.h"
 
 /*
  * DSM keys for parallel vacuum.  Unlike other parallel execution code, since
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
index c6d30fa5271..f36c40e852f 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
@@ -44,11 +44,12 @@
  * Note that there can be more than one worker in a database concurrently.
  * They will store the table they are currently vacuuming in shared memory, so
  * that other workers avoid being blocked waiting for the vacuum lock for that
- * table.  They will also reload the pgstats data just before vacuuming each
- * table, to avoid vacuuming a table that was just finished being vacuumed by
- * another worker and thus is no longer noted in shared memory.  However,
- * there is a window (caused by pgstat delay) on which a worker may choose a
- * table that was already vacuumed; this is a bug in the current design.
+ * table.  They will also fetch the last time the table was vacuumed from
+ * pgstats just before vacuuming each table, to avoid vacuuming a table that
+ * was just finished being vacuumed by another worker and thus is no longer
+ * noted in shared memory.  However, there is a small window (due to not yet
+ * holding the relation lock) during which a worker may choose a table that was
+ * already vacuumed; this is a bug in the current design.
  *
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
@@ -129,9 +130,6 @@ int			autovacuum_vac_cost_limit;
 
 int			Log_autovacuum_min_duration = 600000;
 
-/* how long to keep pgstat data in the launcher, in milliseconds */
-#define STATS_READ_DELAY 1000
-
 /* the minimum allowed time between two awakenings of the launcher */
 #define MIN_AUTOVAC_SLEEPTIME 100.0 /* milliseconds */
 #define MAX_AUTOVAC_SLEEPTIME 300	/* seconds */
@@ -342,15 +340,11 @@ static void autovacuum_do_vac_analyze(autovac_table *tab,
 									  BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy);
 static AutoVacOpts *extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup,
 										 TupleDesc pg_class_desc);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry);
 static void perform_work_item(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem);
 static void autovac_report_activity(autovac_table *tab);
 static void autovac_report_workitem(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem,
 									const char *nspname, const char *relname);
 static void avl_sigusr2_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS);
-static void autovac_refresh_stats(void);
 
 
 
@@ -555,12 +549,6 @@ AutoVacLauncherMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 		DatabaseListCxt = NULL;
 		dlist_init(&DatabaseList);
 
-		/*
-		 * Make sure pgstat also considers our stat data as gone.  Note: we
-		 * mustn't use autovac_refresh_stats here.
-		 */
-		pgstat_clear_snapshot();
-
 		/* Now we can allow interrupts again */
 		RESUME_INTERRUPTS();
 
@@ -611,6 +599,12 @@ AutoVacLauncherMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	SetConfigOption("default_transaction_isolation", "read committed",
 					PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
 
+	/*
+	 * Even when system is configured to use a different fetch consistency,
+	 * for autovac we always want fresh stats.
+	 */
+	SetConfigOption("stats_fetch_consistency", "none", PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
+
 	/*
 	 * In emergency mode, just start a worker (unless shutdown was requested)
 	 * and go away.
@@ -963,9 +957,6 @@ rebuild_database_list(Oid newdb)
 	HTAB	   *dbhash;
 	dlist_iter	iter;
 
-	/* use fresh stats */
-	autovac_refresh_stats();
-
 	newcxt = AllocSetContextCreate(AutovacMemCxt,
 								   "Autovacuum database list",
 								   ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
@@ -1184,9 +1175,6 @@ do_start_worker(void)
 								   ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 	oldcxt = MemoryContextSwitchTo(tmpcxt);
 
-	/* use fresh stats */
-	autovac_refresh_stats();
-
 	/* Get a list of databases */
 	dblist = get_database_list();
 
@@ -1642,6 +1630,12 @@ AutoVacWorkerMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 		SetConfigOption("synchronous_commit", "local",
 						PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
 
+	/*
+	 * Even when system is configured to use a different fetch consistency,
+	 * for autovac we always want fresh stats.
+	 */
+	SetConfigOption("stats_fetch_consistency", "none", PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
+
 	/*
 	 * Get the info about the database we're going to work on.
 	 */
@@ -1966,8 +1960,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	HASHCTL		ctl;
 	HTAB	   *table_toast_map;
 	ListCell   *volatile cell;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy;
 	ScanKeyData key;
 	TupleDesc	pg_class_desc;
@@ -1986,22 +1978,9 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 										  ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/*
-	 * may be NULL if we couldn't find an entry (only happens if we are
-	 * forcing a vacuum for anti-wrap purposes).
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-
 	/* Start a transaction so our commands have one to play into. */
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/*
-	 * Clean up any dead statistics entries for this DB. We always want to do
-	 * this exactly once per DB-processing cycle, even if we find nothing
-	 * worth vacuuming in the database.
-	 */
-	pgstat_vacuum_stat();
-
 	/*
 	 * Compute the multixact age for which freezing is urgent.  This is
 	 * normally autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age, but may be less if we are
@@ -2039,9 +2018,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	/* StartTransactionCommand changed elsewhere */
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/* The database hash where pgstat keeps shared relations */
-	shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-
 	classRel = table_open(RelationRelationId, AccessShareLock);
 
 	/* create a copy so we can use it after closing pg_class */
@@ -2119,8 +2095,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 
 		/* Fetch reloptions and the pgstat entry for this table */
 		relopts = extract_autovac_opts(tuple, pg_class_desc);
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(classForm->relisshared,
+												  relid);
 
 		/* Check if it needs vacuum or analyze */
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
@@ -2203,8 +2179,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 		}
 
 		/* Fetch the pgstat entry for this table */
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(classForm->relisshared,
+												  relid);
 
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
 								  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -2418,12 +2394,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 		/*
 		 * Check whether pgstat data still says we need to vacuum this table.
 		 * It could have changed if something else processed the table while
-		 * we weren't looking.
-		 *
-		 * Note: we have a special case in pgstat code to ensure that the
-		 * stats we read are as up-to-date as possible, to avoid the problem
-		 * that somebody just finished vacuuming this table.  The window to
-		 * the race condition is not closed but it is very small.
+		 * we weren't looking. This doesn't entirely close the race condition,
+		 * but it is very small.
 		 */
 		MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 		tab = table_recheck_autovac(relid, table_toast_map, pg_class_desc,
@@ -2768,29 +2740,6 @@ extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup, TupleDesc pg_class_desc)
 	return av;
 }
 
-/*
- * get_pgstat_tabentry_relid
- *
- * Fetch the pgstat entry of a table, either local to a database or shared.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared, PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-						  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry = NULL;
-
-	if (isshared)
-	{
-		if (PointerIsValid(shared))
-			tabentry = hash_search(shared->tables, &relid,
-								   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	}
-	else if (PointerIsValid(dbentry))
-		tabentry = hash_search(dbentry->tables, &relid,
-							   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-
-	return tabentry;
-}
 
 /*
  * table_recheck_autovac
@@ -2812,7 +2761,6 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
 	autovac_table *tab = NULL;
 	bool		wraparound;
 	AutoVacOpts *avopts;
-	static bool reuse_stats = false;
 
 	/* fetch the relation's relcache entry */
 	classTup = SearchSysCacheCopy1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(relid));
@@ -2836,35 +2784,6 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
 			avopts = &hentry->ar_reloptions;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Reuse the stats to recheck whether a relation needs to be vacuumed or
-	 * analyzed if it was reloaded before and has not been cleared yet. This
-	 * is necessary to avoid frequent refresh of stats, especially when there
-	 * are very large number of relations and the refresh can cause lots of
-	 * overhead.
-	 *
-	 * If we determined that a relation needs to be vacuumed or analyzed,
-	 * based on the old stats, we refresh stats and recheck the necessity
-	 * again. Because a relation may have already been vacuumed or analyzed by
-	 * someone since the last reload of stats.
-	 */
-	if (reuse_stats)
-	{
-		recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm,
-										  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
-										  &dovacuum, &doanalyze, &wraparound);
-
-		/* Quick exit if a relation doesn't need to be vacuumed or analyzed */
-		if (!doanalyze && !dovacuum)
-		{
-			heap_freetuple(classTup);
-			return NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Use fresh stats and recheck again */
-	autovac_refresh_stats();
-
 	recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm,
 									  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
 									  &dovacuum, &doanalyze, &wraparound);
@@ -2962,21 +2881,6 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
 		tab->at_dobalance =
 			!(avopts && (avopts->vacuum_cost_limit > 0 ||
 						 avopts->vacuum_cost_delay > 0));
-
-		/*
-		 * When we decide to do vacuum or analyze, the existing stats cannot
-		 * be reused in the next cycle because it's cleared at the end of
-		 * vacuum or analyze (by AtEOXact_PgStat()).
-		 */
-		reuse_stats = false;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/*
-		 * If neither vacuum nor analyze is necessary, the existing stats is
-		 * not cleared and can be reused in the next cycle.
-		 */
-		reuse_stats = true;
 	}
 
 	heap_freetuple(classTup);
@@ -3001,17 +2905,10 @@ recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
 								  bool *wraparound)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared = NULL;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry = NULL;
-
-	if (classForm->relisshared)
-		shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-	else
-		dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
 
 	/* fetch the pgstat table entry */
-	tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-										 shared, dbentry);
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(classForm->relisshared,
+											  relid);
 
 	relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm, tabentry,
 							  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -3169,11 +3066,11 @@ relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If we found the table in the stats hash, and autovacuum is currently
-	 * enabled, make a threshold-based decision whether to vacuum and/or
-	 * analyze.  If autovacuum is currently disabled, we must be here for
-	 * anti-wraparound vacuuming only, so don't vacuum (or analyze) anything
-	 * that's not being forced.
+	 * If we found stats for the table, and autovacuum is currently enabled,
+	 * make a threshold-based decision whether to vacuum and/or analyze.  If
+	 * autovacuum is currently disabled, we must be here for anti-wraparound
+	 * vacuuming only, so don't vacuum (or analyze) anything that's not being
+	 * forced.
 	 */
 	if (PointerIsValid(tabentry) && AutoVacuumingActive())
 	{
@@ -3472,35 +3369,3 @@ AutoVacuumShmemInit(void)
 	else
 		Assert(found);
 }
-
-/*
- * autovac_refresh_stats
- *		Refresh pgstats data for an autovacuum process
- *
- * Cause the next pgstats read operation to obtain fresh data, but throttle
- * such refreshing in the autovacuum launcher.  This is mostly to avoid
- * rereading the pgstats files too many times in quick succession when there
- * are many databases.
- *
- * Note: we avoid throttling in the autovac worker, as it would be
- * counterproductive in the recheck logic.
- */
-static void
-autovac_refresh_stats(void)
-{
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-	{
-		static TimestampTz last_read = 0;
-		TimestampTz current_time;
-
-		current_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(last_read, current_time,
-										STATS_READ_DELAY))
-			return;
-
-		last_read = current_time;
-	}
-
-	pgstat_clear_snapshot();
-}
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
index e733c70368a..3cfac82ac09 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
@@ -212,6 +212,16 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 	 */
 	last_checkpoint_time = last_xlog_switch_time = (pg_time_t) time(NULL);
 
+	/*
+	 * Write out stats after shutdown. This needs to be called by exactly one
+	 * process during a normal shutdown, and since checkpointer is shut down
+	 * very late...
+	 *
+	 * XXX: Are there potential issues with walsenders reporting stats at a
+	 * later time?
+	 */
+	before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
+
 	/*
 	 * Create a memory context that we will do all our work in.  We do this so
 	 * that we can reset the context during error recovery and thereby avoid
@@ -358,7 +368,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (((volatile CheckpointerShmemStruct *) CheckpointerShmem)->ckpt_flags)
 		{
 			do_checkpoint = true;
-			PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+			PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -372,7 +382,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (elapsed_secs >= CheckPointTimeout)
 		{
 			if (!do_checkpoint)
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_timed_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.timed_checkpoints++;
 			do_checkpoint = true;
 			flags |= CHECKPOINT_CAUSE_TIME;
 		}
@@ -569,7 +579,7 @@ HandleCheckpointerInterrupts(void)
 		 * updates the statistics, increment the checkpoint request and flush
 		 * out pending statistic.
 		 */
-		PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+		PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		ShutdownXLOG(0, 0);
 		pgstat_report_checkpointer();
 		pgstat_report_wal(true);
@@ -1262,9 +1272,9 @@ AbsorbSyncRequests(void)
 	LWLockAcquire(CheckpointerCommLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
 
 	/* Transfer stats counts into pending pgstats message */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_fsync_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_fsync_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_fsync;
 
 	CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c b/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c
index 3f412dad2e6..1aed2e2e99e 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c
@@ -98,9 +98,8 @@ SignalHandlerForCrashExit(SIGNAL_ARGS)
  * shut down and exit.
  *
  * Typically, this handler would be used for SIGTERM, but some processes use
- * other signals. In particular, the checkpointer exits on SIGUSR2, the
- * stats collector on SIGQUIT, and the WAL writer exits on either SIGINT
- * or SIGTERM.
+ * other signals. In particular, the checkpointer exits on SIGUSR2, and the
+ * WAL writer exits on either SIGINT or SIGTERM.
  *
  * ShutdownRequestPending should be checked at a convenient place within the
  * main loop, or else the main loop should call HandleMainLoopInterrupts.
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
index 6f985145b49..650edc0c8dd 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
@@ -1,74 +1,51 @@
 /* ----------
  * pgstat.c
+ *	  Infrastructure for the cumulative statistics system.
  *
- *	All the statistics collector stuff hacked up in one big, ugly file.
+ * Provides the infrastructure to collect and access cumulative statistics,
+ * e.g. per-table access statistics, of all backends in shared memory.
  *
- *	TODO:	- Separate collector, postmaster and backend stuff
- *			  into different files.
+ * Most statistics updates are first first accumulated locally in each process
+ * as pending entries, then later flushed to shared memory (just after commit,
+ * or by idle-timeout).
  *
- *			- Add some automatic call for pgstat vacuuming.
+ * To avoid congestion on the shared memory, shared stats are updated once per
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL (1000ms). If some pending entries remain unflushed due
+ * to lock contention, an initial retry is done after
+ * PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL (1000ms) and then doubled at every retry. Finally
+ * we perform a blocking stats update after PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL (60000ms).
  *
- *			- Add a pgstat config column to pg_database, so this
- *			  entire thing can be enabled/disabled on a per db basis.
+ * AFIXME: architecture explanation.
  *
- *	Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
- *	src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+ * NB: Code for individual kinds of statistics belongs into pgstat_*.c
+ * whenever possible, not here.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *	  src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
  * ----------
  */
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <netdb.h>
-#include <netinet/in.h>
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
-#include <sys/select.h>
-#endif
 
-#include "access/heapam.h"
-#include "access/htup_details.h"
-#include "access/tableam.h"
 #include "access/transam.h"
 #include "access/xact.h"
-#include "catalog/catalog.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_database.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_subscription.h"
-#include "common/ip.h"
-#include "libpq/libpq.h"
-#include "libpq/pqsignal.h"
-#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
+#include "common/hashfn.h"
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
-#include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
-#include "postmaster/fork_process.h"
-#include "postmaster/interrupt.h"
-#include "postmaster/postmaster.h"
-#include "replication/slot.h"
-#include "replication/walsender.h"
-#include "storage/backendid.h"
-#include "storage/dsm.h"
+#include "port/atomics.h"
 #include "storage/fd.h"
 #include "storage/ipc.h"
-#include "storage/latch.h"
-#include "storage/lmgr.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
 #include "storage/pg_shmem.h"
-#include "storage/proc.h"
-#include "storage/procsignal.h"
-#include "utils/builtins.h"
+#include "storage/shmem.h"
 #include "utils/guc.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
-#include "utils/ps_status.h"
-#include "utils/rel.h"
-#include "utils/snapmgr.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
@@ -77,24 +54,50 @@
  * ----------
  */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY		10	/* How long to wait between checks for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL			1000	/* Minimum interval of stats data
+											 * updates; in milliseconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME	10000	/* Maximum time to wait for a stats
-										 * file update; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL	1000	/* Initial retry interval after
+											 * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL */
 
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL		640 /* How often to ping the collector for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL			60000	/* Longest interval of stats data
+											 * updates */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL 60	/* How often to attempt to restart a
-									 * failed statistics collector; in
-									 * seconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
+/* ----------
+ * Initial size hints for the hash tables used in statistics.
+ * ----------
+ */
 
-/* Minimum receive buffer size for the collector's socket. */
-#define PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF		(100 * 1024)
+#define PGSTAT_SNAPSHOT_HASH_SIZE	512
+
+
+/* hash table for statistics snapshots entry */
+typedef struct PgStat_SnapshotEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	void	   *data;			/* the stats data itself */
+} PgStat_SnapshotEntry;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Backend-local Hash Table Definitions
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/* for stats snapshot entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_snapshot
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStat_SnapshotEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStat_HashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	hash_bytes((unsigned char *)&key, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey))
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey)) == 0)
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -102,63 +105,19 @@
  * ----------
  */
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-static pid_t pgstat_forkexec(void);
-#endif
+static void pgstat_write_statsfile(void);
+static void pgstat_read_statsfile(void);
 
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
+static void pgstat_reset_all_stats(TimestampTz ts);
 
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry,
-												 Oid tableoid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_get_subscription_entry(Oid subid, bool create);
-static void pgstat_reset_subscription(PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry, TimestampTz ts);
-static void pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs);
-static void pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent);
-static HTAB *pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep);
-static void pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-									 bool permanent);
-static void backend_read_statsfile(void);
+static bool pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait);
 
-static bool pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void);
-static bool pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid);
+static void pgstat_prep_snapshot(void);
+static void pgstat_build_snapshot(void);
+static void pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind);
 
-static PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_get_replslot_entry(NameData name, bool create_it);
-static void pgstat_reset_replslot(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotstats, TimestampTz ts);
-
-static HTAB *pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid);
-
-static void pgstat_setup_memcxt(void);
-
-static void pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_connect(PgStat_MsgConnect *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_disconnect(PgStat_MsgDisconnect *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int len);
+static inline bool pgstat_kind_valid(int ikind);
+static inline void *shared_stat_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry);
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -167,6 +126,7 @@ static void pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int
  */
 
 bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
+int			pgstat_fetch_consistency = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -175,53 +135,37 @@ bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
  */
 
 char	   *pgstat_stat_directory = NULL;
+
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 char	   *pgstat_stat_filename = NULL;
 char	   *pgstat_stat_tmpname = NULL;
 
 
-/* ----------
- * state shared with pgstat_*.c
- * ----------
- */
-
-pgsocket	pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-
 
 /* ----------
  * Local data
+ *
+ * NB: There should be only variables related to stats infrastructure here,
+ * not for specific kinds of stats.
  * ----------
  */
 
-static struct sockaddr_storage pgStatAddr;
+/*
+ * Memory contexts containing the pgStatEntryRefHash table, the
+ * pgStatSharedRef entries, and pending data respectively. Mostly to make it
+ * easier to track / attribute memory usage.
+ */
 
-static time_t last_pgstat_start_time;
-
-static bool pgStatRunningInCollector = false;
+static MemoryContext pgStatPendingContext = NULL;
 
 /*
- * Info about current "snapshot" of stats file
+ * List of PgStat_EntryRefs with unflushed pending stats.
+ *
+ * Newly pending entries should only ever be added to the end of the list,
+ * otherwise pgstat_flush_pending_entries() might not see them immediately.
  */
-static MemoryContext pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-static HTAB *pgStatDBHash = NULL;
+static dlist_head pgStatPending = DLIST_STATIC_INIT(pgStatPending);
 
-/*
- * Cluster wide statistics, kept in the stats collector.
- * Contains statistics that are not collected per database
- * or per table.
- */
-static PgStat_ArchiverStats archiverStats;
-static PgStat_GlobalStats globalStats;
-static PgStat_WalStats walStats;
-static PgStat_SLRUStats slruStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-static HTAB *replSlotStatHash = NULL;
-static HTAB *subscriptionStatHash = NULL;
-
-/*
- * List of OIDs of databases we need to write out.  If an entry is InvalidOid,
- * it means to write only the shared-catalog stats ("DB 0"); otherwise, we
- * will write both that DB's data and the shared stats.
- */
-static List *pending_write_requests = NIL;
 
 /*
  * For assertions that check pgstat is not used before initialization / after
@@ -233,455 +177,238 @@ static bool pgstat_is_shutdown = false;
 #endif
 
 
+PgStat_LocalState pgStatLocal;
+
+
+/*
+ * The different kinds of statistics.
+ *
+ * If reasonably possible, handling specific to one kind of stats should go
+ * through this abstraction, rather than making more of pgstat.c aware.
+ *
+ * See comments for struct PgStat_KindInfo for details about the individual
+ * fields.
+ *
+ * XXX: It'd be nicer to define this outside of this file. But there doesn't
+ * seem to be a great way of doing that, given the split across multiple
+ * files.
+ */
+static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_infos[PGSTAT_NUM_KINDS] = {
+
+	/* stats kinds with a variable number of stats */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE] = {
+		.name = "database",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Database),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Database, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Database *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_database_flush_cb,
+		.reset_timestamp_cb = pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION] = {
+		.name = "relation",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Relation),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Relation, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Relation *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_relation_flush_cb,
+		.delete_pending_cb = pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION] = {
+		.name = "function",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Function),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Function, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Function *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_function_flush_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT] = {
+		.name = "replslot",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+		.named_on_disk = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_ReplSlot),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_ReplSlot, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry),
+
+		.reset_timestamp_cb = pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb,
+		.to_serialized_name = pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb,
+		.from_serialized_name = pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION] = {
+		.name = "subscription",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+		/* so pg_stat_subscription_stats entries can be seen in all databases */
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Subscription),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Subscription, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Subscription *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_BackendSubEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_subscription_flush_cb,
+		.reset_timestamp_cb = pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb,
+	},
+
+
+	/* stats we have a fixed amount of (mostly 1) */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER] = {
+		.name = "archiver",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER] = {
+		.name = "bgwriter",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER] = {
+		.name = "checkpointer",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU] = {
+		.name = "slru",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_WAL] = {
+		.name = "wal",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+};
+
+
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Public functions called from postmaster follow
+ * Functions manging the state of the stats system for all backends.
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
 /*
- * Called from postmaster at startup. Create the resources required
- * by the statistics collector process.  If unable to do so, do not
- * fail --- better to let the postmaster start with stats collection
- * disabled.
+ * Read on-disk stats into memory at server start.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
  */
 void
-pgstat_init(void)
+pgstat_restore_stats(void)
+{
+	pgstat_read_statsfile();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove the stats file.  This is currently used only if WAL recovery is
+ * needed after a crash.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_discard_stats(void)
 {
-	socklen_t	alen;
-	struct addrinfo *addrs = NULL,
-			   *addr,
-				hints;
 	int			ret;
-	fd_set		rset;
-	struct timeval tv;
-	char		test_byte;
-	int			sel_res;
-	int			tries = 0;
 
-#define TESTBYTEVAL ((char) 199)
+	/* NB: this needs to be done even in single user mode */
 
-	/*
-	 * This static assertion verifies that we didn't mess up the calculations
-	 * involved in selecting maximum payload sizes for our UDP messages.
-	 * Because the only consequence of overrunning PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would
-	 * be silent performance loss from fragmentation, it seems worth having a
-	 * compile-time cross-check that we didn't.
-	 */
-	StaticAssertStmt(sizeof(PgStat_Msg) <= PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE,
-					 "maximum stats message size exceeds PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE");
-
-	/*
-	 * Create the UDP socket for sending and receiving statistic messages
-	 */
-	hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
-	hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
-	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
-	hints.ai_protocol = 0;
-	hints.ai_addrlen = 0;
-	hints.ai_addr = NULL;
-	hints.ai_canonname = NULL;
-	hints.ai_next = NULL;
-	ret = pg_getaddrinfo_all("localhost", NULL, &hints, &addrs);
-	if (ret || !addrs)
+	ret = unlink(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
+	if (ret != 0)
 	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("could not resolve \"localhost\": %s",
-						gai_strerror(ret))));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * On some platforms, pg_getaddrinfo_all() may return multiple addresses
-	 * only one of which will actually work (eg, both IPv6 and IPv4 addresses
-	 * when kernel will reject IPv6).  Worse, the failure may occur at the
-	 * bind() or perhaps even connect() stage.  So we must loop through the
-	 * results till we find a working combination. We will generate LOG
-	 * messages, but no error, for bogus combinations.
-	 */
-	for (addr = addrs; addr; addr = addr->ai_next)
-	{
-#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
-		/* Ignore AF_UNIX sockets, if any are returned. */
-		if (addr->ai_family == AF_UNIX)
-			continue;
-#endif
-
-		if (++tries > 1)
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("trying another address for the statistics collector")));
-
-		/*
-		 * Create the socket.
-		 */
-		if ((pgStatSock = socket(addr->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not create socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Bind it to a kernel assigned port on localhost and get the assigned
-		 * port via getsockname().
-		 */
-		if (bind(pgStatSock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not bind socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		alen = sizeof(pgStatAddr);
-		if (getsockname(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, &alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not get address of socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Connect the socket to its own address.  This saves a few cycles by
-		 * not having to respecify the target address on every send. This also
-		 * provides a kernel-level check that only packets from this same
-		 * address will be received.
-		 */
-		if (connect(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not connect socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Try to send and receive a one-byte test message on the socket. This
-		 * is to catch situations where the socket can be created but will not
-		 * actually pass data (for instance, because kernel packet filtering
-		 * rules prevent it).
-		 */
-		test_byte = TESTBYTEVAL;
-
-retry1:
-		if (send(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry1;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not send test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * There could possibly be a little delay before the message can be
-		 * received.  We arbitrarily allow up to half a second before deciding
-		 * it's broken.
-		 */
-		for (;;)				/* need a loop to handle EINTR */
-		{
-			FD_ZERO(&rset);
-			FD_SET(pgStatSock, &rset);
-
-			tv.tv_sec = 0;
-			tv.tv_usec = 500000;
-			sel_res = select(pgStatSock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &tv);
-			if (sel_res >= 0 || errno != EINTR)
-				break;
-		}
-		if (sel_res < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("select() failed in statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (sel_res == 0 || !FD_ISSET(pgStatSock, &rset))
-		{
-			/*
-			 * This is the case we actually think is likely, so take pains to
-			 * give a specific message for it.
-			 *
-			 * errno will not be set meaningfully here, so don't use it.
-			 */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONNECTION_FAILURE),
-					 errmsg("test message did not get through on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		test_byte++;			/* just make sure variable is changed */
-
-retry2:
-		if (recv(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry2;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not receive test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (test_byte != TESTBYTEVAL)	/* strictly paranoia ... */
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_INTERNAL_ERROR),
-					 errmsg("incorrect test message transmission on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* If we get here, we have a working socket */
-		break;
-	}
-
-	/* Did we find a working address? */
-	if (!addr || pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		goto startup_failed;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the socket to non-blocking IO.  This ensures that if the collector
-	 * falls behind, statistics messages will be discarded; backends won't
-	 * block waiting to send messages to the collector.
-	 */
-	if (!pg_set_noblock(pgStatSock))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not set statistics collector socket to nonblocking mode: %m")));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to ensure that the socket's receive buffer is at least
-	 * PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF bytes, so that it won't easily overflow and lose
-	 * data.  Use of UDP protocol means that we are willing to lose data under
-	 * heavy load, but we don't want it to happen just because of ridiculously
-	 * small default buffer sizes (such as 8KB on older Windows versions).
-	 */
-	{
-		int			old_rcvbuf;
-		int			new_rcvbuf;
-		socklen_t	rcvbufsize = sizeof(old_rcvbuf);
-
-		if (getsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-					   (char *) &old_rcvbuf, &rcvbufsize) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("%s(%s) failed: %m", "getsockopt", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-			/* if we can't get existing size, always try to set it */
-			old_rcvbuf = 0;
-		}
-
-		new_rcvbuf = PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF;
-		if (old_rcvbuf < new_rcvbuf)
-		{
-			if (setsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-						   (char *) &new_rcvbuf, sizeof(new_rcvbuf)) < 0)
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("%s(%s) failed: %m", "setsockopt", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-		}
-	}
-
-	pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	/* Now that we have a long-lived socket, tell fd.c about it. */
-	ReserveExternalFD();
-
-	return;
-
-startup_failed:
-	ereport(LOG,
-			(errmsg("disabling statistics collector for lack of working socket")));
-
-	if (addrs)
-		pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		closesocket(pgStatSock);
-	pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-
-	/*
-	 * Adjust GUC variables to suppress useless activity, and for debugging
-	 * purposes (seeing track_counts off is a clue that we failed here). We
-	 * use PGC_S_OVERRIDE because there is no point in trying to turn it back
-	 * on from postgresql.conf without a restart.
-	 */
-	SetConfigOption("track_counts", "off", PGC_INTERNAL, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
-}
-
-/*
- * subroutine for pgstat_reset_all
- */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_remove_files(const char *directory)
-{
-	DIR		   *dir;
-	struct dirent *entry;
-	char		fname[MAXPGPATH * 2];
-
-	dir = AllocateDir(directory);
-	while ((entry = ReadDir(dir, directory)) != NULL)
-	{
-		int			nchars;
-		Oid			tmp_oid;
-
-		/*
-		 * Skip directory entries that don't match the file names we write.
-		 * See get_dbstat_filename for the database-specific pattern.
-		 */
-		if (strncmp(entry->d_name, "global.", 7) == 0)
-			nchars = 7;
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			elog(DEBUG2,
+				 "didn't need to unlink permanent stats file \"%s\" - didn't exist",
+				 PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
 		else
-		{
-			nchars = 0;
-			(void) sscanf(entry->d_name, "db_%u.%n",
-						  &tmp_oid, &nchars);
-			if (nchars <= 0)
-				continue;
-			/* %u allows leading whitespace, so reject that */
-			if (strchr("0123456789", entry->d_name[3]) == NULL)
-				continue;
-		}
-
-		if (strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "tmp") != 0 &&
-			strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "stat") != 0)
-			continue;
-
-		snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "%s/%s", directory,
-				 entry->d_name);
-		unlink(fname);
-	}
-	FreeDir(dir);
-}
-
-/*
- * Remove the stats files.  This is currently used only if WAL
- * recovery is needed after a crash.
- */
-void
-pgstat_reset_all(void)
-{
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(pgstat_stat_directory);
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY);
-}
-
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-
-/*
- * Format up the arglist for, then fork and exec, statistics collector process
- */
-static pid_t
-pgstat_forkexec(void)
-{
-	char	   *av[10];
-	int			ac = 0;
-
-	av[ac++] = "postgres";
-	av[ac++] = "--forkcol";
-	av[ac++] = NULL;			/* filled in by postmaster_forkexec */
-
-	av[ac] = NULL;
-	Assert(ac < lengthof(av));
-
-	return postmaster_forkexec(ac, av);
-}
-#endif							/* EXEC_BACKEND */
-
-
-/*
- * Called from postmaster at startup or after an existing collector
- * died.  Attempt to fire up a fresh statistics collector.
- *
- * Returns PID of child process, or 0 if fail.
- *
- * Note: if fail, we will be called again from the postmaster main loop.
- */
-int
-pgstat_start(void)
-{
-	time_t		curtime;
-	pid_t		pgStatPid;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check that the socket is there, else pgstat_init failed and we can do
-	 * nothing useful.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do nothing if too soon since last collector start.  This is a safety
-	 * valve to protect against continuous respawn attempts if the collector
-	 * is dying immediately at launch.  Note that since we will be re-called
-	 * from the postmaster main loop, we will get another chance later.
-	 */
-	curtime = time(NULL);
-	if ((unsigned int) (curtime - last_pgstat_start_time) <
-		(unsigned int) PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL)
-		return 0;
-	last_pgstat_start_time = curtime;
-
-	/*
-	 * Okay, fork off the collector.
-	 */
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-	switch ((pgStatPid = pgstat_forkexec()))
-#else
-	switch ((pgStatPid = fork_process()))
-#endif
-	{
-		case -1:
 			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("could not fork statistics collector: %m")));
-			return 0;
-
-#ifndef EXEC_BACKEND
-		case 0:
-			/* in postmaster child ... */
-			InitPostmasterChild();
-
-			/* Close the postmaster's sockets */
-			ClosePostmasterPorts(false);
-
-			/* Drop our connection to postmaster's shared memory, as well */
-			dsm_detach_all();
-			PGSharedMemoryDetach();
-
-			PgstatCollectorMain(0, NULL);
-			break;
-#endif
-
-		default:
-			return (int) pgStatPid;
+					(errcode_for_file_access(),
+					 errmsg("could not unlink permanent statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+							PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		ereport(DEBUG2,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("unlinked permanent statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+						PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
 	}
-
-	/* shouldn't get here */
-	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * pgstat_before_server_shutdown() needs to be called by exactly one process
+ * during regular server shutdowns. Otherwise all stats will be lost.
+ *
+ * We currently only write out stats for proc_exit(0). We might want to change
+ * that at some point... But right now pgstat_discard_stats() would be called
+ * during the start after a disorderly shutdown, anyway.
+ */
 void
-allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void)
+pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg)
 {
-	last_pgstat_start_time = 0;
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shmem != NULL);
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats should only be reported after pgstat_initialize() and before
+	 * pgstat_shutdown(). This is a convenient point to catch most violations
+	 * of this rule.
+	 */
+	Assert(pgstat_is_initialized && !pgstat_is_shutdown);
+
+	/* flush out our own pending changes before writing out */
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Only write out file during normal shutdown. Don't even signal that
+	 * we've shutdown during irregular shutdowns, because the shutdown
+	 * sequence isn't coordinated to ensure this backend shuts down last.
+	 */
+	if (code == 0)
+	{
+		pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown = true;
+		pgstat_write_statsfile();
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -701,6 +428,7 @@ static void
 pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 {
 	Assert(!pgstat_is_shutdown);
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
 
 	/*
 	 * If we got as far as discovering our own database ID, we can flush out
@@ -709,7 +437,15 @@ pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 	 * failed backend starts might never get counted.)
 	 */
 	if (OidIsValid(MyDatabaseId))
-		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+		pgstat_report_disconnect(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	/* there shouldn't be any pending changes left */
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending));
+	dlist_init(&pgStatPending);
+
+	pgstat_detach_shmem();
 
 #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
 	pgstat_is_shutdown = true;
@@ -727,6 +463,8 @@ pgstat_initialize(void)
 {
 	Assert(!pgstat_is_initialized);
 
+	pgstat_attach_shmem();
+
 	pgstat_wal_initialize();
 
 	/* Set up a process-exit hook to clean up */
@@ -745,323 +483,139 @@ pgstat_initialize(void)
 
 /*
  * Must be called by processes that performs DML: tcop/postgres.c, logical
- * receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to send the so far collected
- * per-table and function usage statistics to the collector.  Note that this
- * is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair to use
- * transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
+ * receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to apply the so far collected
+ * per-table and function usage statistics to the shared statistics hashes.
  *
- * "disconnect" is "true" only for the last call before the backend
- * exits.  This makes sure that no data is lost and that interrupted
- * sessions are reported correctly.
+ * Updates are applied not more frequent than the interval of
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL milliseconds. They are also postponed on lock
+ * failure if force is false and there's no pending updates longer than
+ * PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL milliseconds. Postponed updates are retried in
+ * succeeding calls of this function.
+ *
+ * Returns the time until the next timing when updates are applied in
+ * milliseconds if there are no updates held for more than
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL milliseconds.
+ *
+ * Note that this is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair
+ * to use transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
  */
-void
-pgstat_report_stat(bool disconnect)
+long
+pgstat_report_stat(bool force)
 {
-	static TimestampTz last_report = 0;
-
+	static TimestampTz next_flush = 0;
+	static TimestampTz pending_since = 0;
+	static long retry_interval = 0;
+	bool		partial_flush;
 	TimestampTz now;
+	bool		nowait;
 
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
-	/*
-	 * Don't expend a clock check if nothing to do.
-	 */
-	if (!have_relation_stats &&
-		pgStatXactCommit == 0 && pgStatXactRollback == 0 &&
-		!pgstat_wal_pending() &&
-		!have_function_stats && !disconnect)
-		return;
+	/* Don't expend a clock check if nothing to do */
+	if (dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending) &&
+		!have_slrustats &&
+		!pgstat_wal_pending())
+	{
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-	 * msec since we last sent one, or the backend is about to exit.
+	 * There should never be stats to report once stats are shut down. Can't
+	 * assert that before the checks above, as there is an unconditional
+	 * pgstat_report_stat() call in pgstat_shutdown_hook() - which at least
+	 * the process that ran pgstat_before_server_shutdown() will still call.
 	 */
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+
 	now = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
-	if (!disconnect &&
-		!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(last_report, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-		return;
 
-	last_report = now;
+	if (!force)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Don't flush stats too frequently.  Return the time to the next
+		 * flush.
+		 */
+		if (now < next_flush)
+		{
+			/* Record the epoch time if retrying. */
+			if (pending_since == 0)
+				pending_since = now;
 
-	if (disconnect)
-		pgstat_report_disconnect(MyDatabaseId);
+			return (next_flush - now) / 1000;
+		}
 
-	/* First, send relation statistics */
-	pgstat_send_tabstats(now, disconnect);
+		/* But, don't keep pending updates longer than PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL. */
 
-	/* Now, send function statistics */
-	pgstat_send_funcstats();
+		if (pending_since > 0 &&
+			TimestampDifferenceExceeds(pending_since, now, PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL))
+			force = true;
+	}
 
-	/* Send WAL statistics */
-	pgstat_report_wal(true);
+	pgstat_update_dbstats(now);
 
-	/* Finally send SLRU statistics */
-	pgstat_send_slru();
+	/* don't wait for lock acquisition when !force */
+	nowait = !force;
+
+	partial_flush = false;
+
+	/* flush database / relation / function / ... stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_pending_entries(nowait);
+
+	/* flush wal stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_wal(nowait);
+
+	/* flush SLRU stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_slru_flush(nowait);
+
+	/*
+	 * Some of the pending stats may have not been flushed due to lock
+	 * contention.  If we have such pending stats here, let the caller know
+	 * the retry interval.
+	 */
+	if (partial_flush)
+	{
+		/* Retain the epoch time */
+		if (pending_since == 0)
+			pending_since = now;
+
+		/* The interval is doubled at every retry. */
+		if (retry_interval == 0)
+			retry_interval = PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL * 1000;
+		else
+			retry_interval = retry_interval * 2;
+
+		/*
+		 * Determine the next retry interval so as not to get shorter than the
+		 * previous interval.
+		 */
+		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(pending_since,
+										now + 2 * retry_interval,
+										PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL))
+			next_flush = now + retry_interval;
+		else
+		{
+			next_flush = pending_since + PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL * 1000;
+			retry_interval = next_flush - now;
+		}
+
+		return retry_interval / 1000;
+	}
+
+	/* Set the next time to update stats */
+	next_flush = now + PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL * 1000;
+	retry_interval = 0;
+	pending_since = 0;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Will tell the collector about objects he can get rid of.
+ * Only for use by pgstat_reset_counters()
  */
-void
-pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
+static bool
+match_db_entries(PgStatShared_HashEntry *entry, Datum match_data)
 {
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge f_msg;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			len;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Read pg_database and make a list of OIDs of all existing databases
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(DatabaseRelationId, Anum_pg_database_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search the database hash table for dead databases and tell the
-	 * collector to drop them.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		/* the DB entry for shared tables (with InvalidOid) is never dropped */
-		if (OidIsValid(dbid) &&
-			hash_search(htab, (void *) &dbid, HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
-			pgstat_drop_database(dbid);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search for all the dead replication slots in stats hashtable and tell
-	 * the stats collector to drop them.
-	 */
-	if (replSlotStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotentry;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotentry = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (SearchNamedReplicationSlot(NameStr(slotentry->slotname), true) == NULL)
-				pgstat_drop_replslot(NameStr(slotentry->slotname));
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Repeat the above steps for subscriptions, if subscription stats are
-	 * being collected.
-	 */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-		/*
-		 * Read pg_subscription and make a list of OIDs of all existing
-		 * subscriptions.
-		 */
-		htab = pgstat_collect_oids(SubscriptionRelationId, Anum_pg_subscription_oid);
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &(subentry->subid), HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
-				pgstat_drop_subscription(subentry->subid);
-		}
-
-		hash_destroy(htab);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our own database entry; if not found, nothing more to do.
-	 */
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &MyDatabaseId,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry == NULL || dbentry->tables == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Similarly to above, make a list of all known relations in this DB.
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(RelationRelationId, Anum_pg_class_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Initialize our messages table counter to zero
-	 */
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check for all tables listed in stats hashtable if they still exist.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			tabid = tabentry->tableid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &tabid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-			continue;
-
-		/*
-		 * Not there, so add this table's Oid to the message
-		 */
-		msg.m_tableid[msg.m_nentries++] = tabid;
-
-		/*
-		 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-		 */
-		if (msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-				+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-			msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-			pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Send the rest
-	 */
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-	{
-		len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-			+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-		msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now repeat the above steps for functions.  However, we needn't bother
-	 * in the common case where no function stats are being collected.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL &&
-		hash_get_num_entries(dbentry->functions) > 0)
-	{
-		htab = pgstat_collect_oids(ProcedureRelationId, Anum_pg_proc_oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&f_msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE);
-		f_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->functions);
-		while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			Oid			funcid = funcentry->functionid;
-
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &funcid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * Not there, so add this function's Oid to the message
-			 */
-			f_msg.m_functionid[f_msg.m_nentries++] = funcid;
-
-			/*
-			 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-			 */
-			if (f_msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE)
-			{
-				len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-					+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-				pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-
-				f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Send the rest
-		 */
-		if (f_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-				+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-		}
-
-		hash_destroy(htab);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Collect the OIDs of all objects listed in the specified system catalog
- * into a temporary hash table.  Caller should hash_destroy the result
- * when done with it.  (However, we make the table in CurrentMemoryContext
- * so that it will be freed properly in event of an error.)
- */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
-{
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	Relation	rel;
-	TableScanDesc scan;
-	HeapTuple	tup;
-	Snapshot	snapshot;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = CurrentMemoryContext;
-	htab = hash_create("Temporary table of OIDs",
-					   PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-					   &hash_ctl,
-					   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	rel = table_open(catalogid, AccessShareLock);
-	snapshot = RegisterSnapshot(GetLatestSnapshot());
-	scan = table_beginscan(rel, snapshot, 0, NULL);
-	while ((tup = heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			thisoid;
-		bool		isnull;
-
-		thisoid = heap_getattr(tup, anum_oid, RelationGetDescr(rel), &isnull);
-		Assert(!isnull);
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		(void) hash_search(htab, (void *) &thisoid, HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-	}
-	table_endscan(scan);
-	UnregisterSnapshot(snapshot);
-	table_close(rel, AccessShareLock);
-
-	return htab;
+	return entry->key.dboid == DatumGetObjectId(MyDatabaseId);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1073,14 +627,8 @@ pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
 void
 pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_matching_entries(match_db_entries,
+								  ObjectIdGetDatum(MyDatabaseId));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1092,17 +640,15 @@ pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_single_counter(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid objoid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_resettype = kind;
-	msg.m_objectid = objoid;
+	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
+	pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(MyDatabaseId, ts);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* reset the "single counter" */
+	pgstat_reset_entry(kind, MyDatabaseId, objoid);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1114,45 +660,19 @@ pgstat_reset_single_counter(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid objoid)
 void
 pgstat_reset_shared_counters(PgStat_Kind kind)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg;
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	Assert(kind_info->fixed_amount);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_resettarget = kind;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	kind_info->reset_all_cb(now);
 }
 
-/*
- * Send some junk data to the collector to increase traffic.
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Fetching of stats
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
-void
-pgstat_ping(void)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
-
-/*
- * Notify collector that we need fresh data.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_inquiry(TimestampTz clock_time, TimestampTz cutoff_time, Oid databaseid)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY);
-	msg.clock_time = clock_time;
-	msg.cutoff_time = cutoff_time;
-	msg.databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
 
 /*
  * Discard any data collected in the current transaction.  Any subsequent
@@ -1166,15 +686,19 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 {
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
-	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
-	if (pgStatLocalContext)
-		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatLocalContext);
+	memset(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid, 0,
+		   sizeof(pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid));
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats = NULL;
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
-	/* Reset variables */
-	pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-	pgStatDBHash = NULL;
-	replSlotStatHash = NULL;
-	subscriptionStatHash = NULL;
+	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
+	if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.context)
+	{
+		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context);
+
+		/* Reset variables */
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.context = NULL;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Historically the backend_status.c facilities lived in this file, and
@@ -1184,204 +708,396 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 	pgstat_clear_backend_activity_snapshot();
 }
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- * that the database doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
- * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- */
-PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid)
+void *
+pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
 {
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	PgStat_HashKey key;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	void	   *stats_data;
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
 
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the requested database; return NULL if not found
-	 */
-	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-											  (void *) &dbid,
-											  HASH_FIND, NULL);
-}
+	/* should be called from backends */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+	AssertArg(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the global statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_GlobalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_global(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	pgstat_prep_snapshot();
 
-	return &globalStats;
-}
+	key.kind = kind;
+	key.dboid = dboid;
+	key.objoid = objoid;
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- * that the table doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
- * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- */
-PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
-{
-	Oid			dbid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	/* if we need to build a full snapshot, do so */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		pgstat_build_snapshot();
 
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our database, then look in its table hash table.
-	 */
-	dbid = MyDatabaseId;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
+	/* if caching is desired, look up in cache */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
 	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
+		PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_lookup(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, key);
+
+		if (entry)
+			return entry->data;
+
+		/*
+		 * If we built a full snapshot and the key is not in
+		 * pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, there are no matching stats.
+		 */
+		if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+			return NULL;
+	}
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode = pgstat_fetch_consistency;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL);
+
+	if (entry_ref == NULL || entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+	{
+		/* create empty entry when using PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE */
+		if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE)
+		{
+			PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+			bool		found;
+
+			entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, key, &found);
+			Assert(!found);
+			entry->data = NULL;
+		}
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
+	 * Allocate in caller's context for PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE,
+	 * otherwise we could quickly end up with a fair bit of memory used due to
+	 * repeated accesses.
 	 */
-	dbid = InvalidOid;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+		stats_data = palloc(kind_info->shared_data_len);
+	else
+		stats_data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context,
+										kind_info->shared_data_len);
+	memcpy(stats_data,
+		   shared_stat_entry_data(kind, entry_ref->shared_stats),
+		   kind_info->shared_data_len);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
 	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
+		PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+		bool		found;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, key, &found);
+		entry->data = stats_data;
 	}
 
-	return NULL;
+	return stats_data;
 }
 
-
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
+ * If a stats snapshot has been taken, return the timestamp at which that was
+ * done, and set *have_snapshot to true. Otherwise *have_snapshot is set to
+ * false.
  */
-PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
+TimestampTz
+pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry = NULL;
-
-	/* load the stats file if needed */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/* Lookup our database, then find the requested function.  */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->functions != NULL)
+	if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
 	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &func_id,
-														 HASH_FIND, NULL);
+		*have_snapshot = true;
+		return pgStatLocal.snapshot.snapshot_timestamp;
 	}
 
-	return funcentry;
+	*have_snapshot = false;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the archiver statistics struct.
+ * Ensure snapshot for a kind of global stats exist.
+ *
+ * Typically used by the pgstat_fetch_* functions for a kind of stats, before
+ * massaging the data into the desired format.
  */
-PgStat_ArchiverStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_valid(kind));
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
 
-	return &archiverStats;
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		pgstat_build_snapshot();
+	else
+		pgstat_build_snapshot_global(kind);
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_prep_snapshot(void)
+{
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE ||
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats != NULL)
+		return;
+
+	if (!pgStatLocal.snapshot.context)
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.context = AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
+															 "PgStat Snapshot",
+															 ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats =
+		pgstat_snapshot_create(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context,
+							   PGSTAT_SNAPSHOT_HASH_SIZE,
+							   NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_build_snapshot(void)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+
+	/* should only be called when we need a snapshot */
+	Assert(pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT);
+
+	/* snapshot already built */
+	if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_prep_snapshot();
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats->members == 0);
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.snapshot_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/*
+	 * Snapshot all variable stats.
+	 */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStat_Kind kind = p->key.kind;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+		bool		found;
+		PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry;
+		PgStatShared_Common *stats_data;
+
+		/*
+		 * Check if the stats object should be included in the snapshot.
+		 * Unless the stats kind can be accessed from all databases (e.g.
+		 * database stats themselves), we only include stats for the current
+		 * database or objects not associated with a database (e.g. shared
+		 * relations).
+		 */
+		if (p->key.dboid != MyDatabaseId &&
+			p->key.dboid != InvalidOid &&
+			!kind_info->accessed_across_databases)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&p->refcount) > 0);
+
+		stats_data = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, p->body);
+		Assert(stats_data);
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, p->key, &found);
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		entry->data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context,
+										 kind_info->shared_size);
+		memcpy(entry->data,
+			   shared_stat_entry_data(kind, stats_data),
+			   kind_info->shared_size);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * Build snapshot of all global stats.
+	 */
+	for (int kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST; kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
+	{
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+		if (!kind_info->fixed_amount)
+		{
+			Assert(kind_info->snapshot_cb == NULL);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		pgstat_build_snapshot_global(kind);
+	}
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+	Assert(kind_info->fixed_amount);
+	Assert(kind_info->snapshot_cb != NULL);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+	{
+		/* rebuild every time */
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind] = false;
+	}
+	else if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind])
+	{
+		/* in snapshot mode we shouldn't get called again */
+		Assert(pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+
+	kind_info->snapshot_cb();
+
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind] = true;
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Backend-local pending stats infrastructure
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Returns the appropriate PgStat_EntryRef, preparing it to receive pending
+ * stats if not already done.
+ */
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool *created_entry)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	/* need to be able to flush out */
+	Assert(pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->flush_pending_cb != NULL);
+
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatPendingContext))
+	{
+		pgStatPendingContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "PgStat Pending",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	}
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid,
+									 true, created_entry);
+
+	if (entry_ref->pending == NULL)
+	{
+		size_t		entrysize = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->pending_size;
+
+		Assert(entrysize != (size_t) -1);
+
+		entry_ref->pending = MemoryContextAllocZero(pgStatPendingContext, entrysize);
+		dlist_push_tail(&pgStatPending, &entry_ref->pending_node);
+	}
+
+	return entry_ref;
 }
 
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the bgwriter statistics struct.
+ * Return an existing stats entry, or NULL.
+ *
+ * This should only be used for helper function for pgstatfuncs.c - outside of
+ * that it shouldn't be needed.
  */
-PgStat_BgWriterStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
 
-	return &globalStats.bgwriter;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL);
+
+	if (entry_ref == NULL || entry_ref->pending == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return entry_ref;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
+{
+	PgStat_Kind kind = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.kind;
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+	void	   *pending_data = entry_ref->pending;
+
+	Assert(pending_data != NULL);
+	/* !fixed_amount stats should be handled explicitly */
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
+
+	if (kind_info->delete_pending_cb)
+		kind_info->delete_pending_cb(entry_ref);
+
+	pfree(pending_data);
+	entry_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+	dlist_delete(&entry_ref->pending_node);
 }
 
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the checkpointer statistics struct.
+ * Flush out pending stats for database objects (databases, relations,
+ * functions).
  */
-PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
+static bool
+pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	bool		have_pending = false;
+	dlist_node *cur = NULL;
 
-	return &globalStats.checkpointer;
-}
+	/*
+	 * Need to be a bit careful iterating over the list of pending entries.
+	 * Processing a pending entry may queue further pending entries to the end
+	 * of the list that we want to process, so a simple iteration won't do.
+	 * Further complicating matters is that we want to delete the current
+	 * entry in each iteration from the list if we flushed successfully.
+	 *
+	 * So we just keep track of the next pointer in each loop iteration.
+	 */
+	if (!dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending))
+		cur = dlist_head_node(&pgStatPending);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the WAL statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_WalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	while (cur)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref =
+		dlist_container(PgStat_EntryRef, pending_node, cur);
+		PgStat_HashKey key = entry_ref->shared_entry->key;
+		PgStat_Kind kind = key.kind;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+		bool		did_flush;
+		dlist_node *next;
 
-	return &walStats;
-}
+		Assert(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
+		Assert(kind_info->flush_pending_cb != NULL);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the slru statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_SLRUStats *
-pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+		/* flush the stats, if possible */
+		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait);
 
-	return slruStats;
-}
+		Assert(did_flush || nowait);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the replication slot statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+		/* determine next entry, before deleting the pending entry */
+		if (dlist_has_next(&pgStatPending, cur))
+			next = dlist_next_node(&pgStatPending, cur);
+		else
+			next = NULL;
 
-	return pgstat_get_replslot_entry(slotname, false);
-}
+		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
+		if (did_flush)
+			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
+		else
+			have_pending = true;
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one subscription or NULL.
- */
-PgStat_StatSubEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
-{
-	/* Load the stats file if needed */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+		cur = next;
+	}
 
-	return pgstat_get_subscription_entry(subid, false);
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending) == !have_pending);
+
+	return have_pending;
 }
 
 
@@ -1390,16 +1106,56 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
-/*
- * Create pgStatLocalContext, if not already done.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_setup_memcxt(void)
+PgStat_Kind
+pgstat_kind_from_str(char *kind_str)
 {
-	if (!pgStatLocalContext)
-		pgStatLocalContext = AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
-												   "Statistics snapshot",
-												   ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	for (int kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST; kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
+	{
+		if (pg_strcasecmp(kind_str, pgstat_kind_infos[kind].name) == 0)
+			return kind;
+	}
+
+	ereport(ERROR,
+			(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+			 errmsg("invalid statistic kind: \"%s\"", kind_str)));
+	return PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE;	/* avoid compiler warnings */
+}
+
+static inline bool
+pgstat_kind_valid(int ikind)
+{
+	return ikind >= PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST && ikind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST;
+}
+
+const PgStat_KindInfo *
+pgstat_kind_info_for(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_valid(kind));
+
+	return &pgstat_kind_infos[kind];
+}
+
+/*
+ * The length of the data portion of a shared memory stats entry (i.e. without
+ * transient data such as refcoutns, lwlocks, ...).
+ */
+static inline size_t
+shared_stat_entry_len(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	return pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a pointer to the data portion of a shared memory stats entry.
+ */
+static inline void *
+shared_stat_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry)
+{
+	size_t		off = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_off;
+
+	Assert(off != 0 && off < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return ((char *) (entry)) + off;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1415,642 +1171,44 @@ pgstat_assert_is_up(void)
 }
 #endif
 
-/*
- * Set common header fields in a statistics message
- */
-void
-pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype)
-{
-	hdr->m_type = mtype;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Send out one statistics message to the collector
- */
-void
-pgstat_send(void *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			rc;
-
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	((PgStat_MsgHdr *) msg)->m_size = len;
-
-	/* We'll retry after EINTR, but ignore all other failures */
-	do
-	{
-		rc = send(pgStatSock, msg, len, 0);
-	} while (rc < 0 && errno == EINTR);
-
-#ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
-	/* In debug builds, log send failures ... */
-	if (rc < 0)
-		elog(LOG, "could not send to statistics collector: %m");
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * Start up the statistics collector process.  This is the body of the
- * postmaster child process.
- *
- * The argc/argv parameters are valid only in EXEC_BACKEND case.
- */
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void
-PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	int			len;
-	PgStat_Msg	msg;
-	int			wr;
-	WaitEvent	event;
-	WaitEventSet *wes;
-
-	/*
-	 * Ignore all signals usually bound to some action in the postmaster,
-	 * except SIGHUP and SIGQUIT.  Note we don't need a SIGUSR1 handler to
-	 * support latch operations, because we only use a local latch.
-	 */
-	pqsignal(SIGHUP, SignalHandlerForConfigReload);
-	pqsignal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGQUIT, SignalHandlerForShutdownRequest);
-	pqsignal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN);
-	/* Reset some signals that are accepted by postmaster but not here */
-	pqsignal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
-	PG_SETMASK(&UnBlockSig);
-
-	MyBackendType = B_STATS_COLLECTOR;
-	init_ps_display(NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Read in existing stats files or initialize the stats to zero.
-	 */
-	pgStatRunningInCollector = true;
-	pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, true, true);
-
-	/* Prepare to wait for our latch or data in our socket. */
-	wes = CreateWaitEventSet(CurrentMemoryContext, 3);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_LATCH_SET, PGINVALID_SOCKET, MyLatch, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH, PGINVALID_SOCKET, NULL, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_SOCKET_READABLE, pgStatSock, NULL, NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop to process messages until we get SIGQUIT or detect ungraceful
-	 * death of our parent postmaster.
-	 *
-	 * For performance reasons, we don't want to do ResetLatch/WaitLatch after
-	 * every message; instead, do that only after a recv() fails to obtain a
-	 * message.  (This effectively means that if backends are sending us stuff
-	 * like mad, we won't notice postmaster death until things slack off a
-	 * bit; which seems fine.)	To do that, we have an inner loop that
-	 * iterates as long as recv() succeeds.  We do check ConfigReloadPending
-	 * inside the inner loop, which means that such interrupts will get
-	 * serviced but the latch won't get cleared until next time there is a
-	 * break in the action.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		/* Clear any already-pending wakeups */
-		ResetLatch(MyLatch);
-
-		/*
-		 * Quit if we get SIGQUIT from the postmaster.
-		 */
-		if (ShutdownRequestPending)
-			break;
-
-		/*
-		 * Inner loop iterates as long as we keep getting messages, or until
-		 * ShutdownRequestPending becomes set.
-		 */
-		while (!ShutdownRequestPending)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Reload configuration if we got SIGHUP from the postmaster.
-			 */
-			if (ConfigReloadPending)
-			{
-				ConfigReloadPending = false;
-				ProcessConfigFile(PGC_SIGHUP);
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * Write the stats file(s) if a new request has arrived that is
-			 * not satisfied by existing file(s).
-			 */
-			if (pgstat_write_statsfile_needed())
-				pgstat_write_statsfiles(false, false);
-
-			/*
-			 * Try to receive and process a message.  This will not block,
-			 * since the socket is set to non-blocking mode.
-			 *
-			 * XXX On Windows, we have to force pgwin32_recv to cooperate,
-			 * despite the previous use of pg_set_noblock() on the socket.
-			 * This is extremely broken and should be fixed someday.
-			 */
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 1;
-#endif
-
-			len = recv(pgStatSock, (char *) &msg,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_Msg), 0);
-
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 0;
-#endif
-
-			if (len < 0)
-			{
-				if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EINTR)
-					break;		/* out of inner loop */
-				ereport(ERROR,
-						(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-						 errmsg("could not read statistics message: %m")));
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * We ignore messages that are smaller than our common header
-			 */
-			if (len < sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * The received length must match the length in the header
-			 */
-			if (msg.msg_hdr.m_size != len)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * O.K. - we accept this message.  Process it.
-			 */
-			switch (msg.msg_hdr.m_type)
-			{
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY:
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY:
-					pgstat_recv_inquiry(&msg.msg_inquiry, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_tabstat(&msg.msg_tabstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_tabpurge(&msg.msg_tabpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB:
-					pgstat_recv_dropdb(&msg.msg_dropdb, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetcounter(&msg.msg_resetcounter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(&msg.msg_resetsharedcounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(&msg.msg_resetsinglecounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(&msg.msg_resetslrucounter,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(&msg.msg_resetreplslotcounter,
-													 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(&msg.msg_resetsubcounter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START:
-					pgstat_recv_autovac(&msg.msg_autovacuum_start, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM:
-					pgstat_recv_vacuum(&msg.msg_vacuum, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE:
-					pgstat_recv_analyze(&msg.msg_analyze, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER:
-					pgstat_recv_archiver(&msg.msg_archiver, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER:
-					pgstat_recv_bgwriter(&msg.msg_bgwriter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER:
-					pgstat_recv_checkpointer(&msg.msg_checkpointer, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL:
-					pgstat_recv_wal(&msg.msg_wal, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU:
-					pgstat_recv_slru(&msg.msg_slru, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_funcstat(&msg.msg_funcstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_funcpurge(&msg.msg_funcpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT:
-					pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(&msg.msg_recoveryconflict,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK:
-					pgstat_recv_deadlock(&msg.msg_deadlock, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE:
-					pgstat_recv_tempfile(&msg.msg_tempfile, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE:
-					pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(&msg.msg_checksumfailure,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT:
-					pgstat_recv_replslot(&msg.msg_replslot, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT:
-					pgstat_recv_connect(&msg.msg_connect, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT:
-					pgstat_recv_disconnect(&msg.msg_disconnect, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP:
-					pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(&msg.msg_subscriptiondrop, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR:
-					pgstat_recv_subscription_error(&msg.msg_subscriptionerror, len);
-					break;
-
-				default:
-					break;
-			}
-		}						/* end of inner message-processing loop */
-
-		/* Sleep until there's something to do */
-#ifndef WIN32
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, -1L, &event, 1, WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#else
-
-		/*
-		 * Windows, at least in its Windows Server 2003 R2 incarnation,
-		 * sometimes loses FD_READ events.  Waking up and retrying the recv()
-		 * fixes that, so don't sleep indefinitely.  This is a crock of the
-		 * first water, but until somebody wants to debug exactly what's
-		 * happening there, this is the best we can do.  The two-second
-		 * timeout matches our pre-9.2 behavior, and needs to be short enough
-		 * to not provoke "using stale statistics" complaints from
-		 * backend_read_statsfile.
-		 */
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, 2 * 1000L /* msec */ , &event, 1,
-							  WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#endif
-
-		/*
-		 * Emergency bailout if postmaster has died.  This is to avoid the
-		 * necessity for manual cleanup of all postmaster children.
-		 */
-		if (wr == 1 && event.events == WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH)
-			break;
-	}							/* end of outer loop */
-
-	/*
-	 * Save the final stats to reuse at next startup.
-	 */
-	pgstat_write_statsfiles(true, true);
-
-	FreeWaitEventSet(wes);
-
-	exit(0);
-}
-
-/*
- * Subroutine to clear stats in a database entry
- *
- * Tables and functions hashes are initialized to empty.
- */
-static void
-reset_dbentry_counters(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_hit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_returned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_updated = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted = 0;
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_lock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes = 0;
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks = 0;
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures = 0;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions = 0;
-	dbentry->total_session_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_active_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_fatal = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_killed = 0;
-
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-	dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-								  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-								  &hash_ctl,
-								  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-	dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-									 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									 &hash_ctl,
-									 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-}
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified database. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this database */
-	result = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												&databaseid,
-												action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not found, initialize the new one.  This creates empty hash tables
-	 * for tables and functions, too.
-	 */
-	if (!found)
-		reset_dbentry_counters(result);
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified table. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, Oid tableoid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this table */
-	result = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-												 &tableoid,
-												 action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* If not found, initialize the new one. */
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		result->numscans = 0;
-		result->tuples_returned = 0;
-		result->tuples_fetched = 0;
-		result->tuples_inserted = 0;
-		result->tuples_updated = 0;
-		result->tuples_deleted = 0;
-		result->tuples_hot_updated = 0;
-		result->n_live_tuples = 0;
-		result->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-		result->changes_since_analyze = 0;
-		result->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-		result->blocks_fetched = 0;
-		result->blocks_hit = 0;
-		result->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->analyze_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-	}
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the entry of replication slot stats with the given name. Return
- * NULL if not found and the caller didn't request to create it.
- *
- * create tells whether to create the new slot entry if it is not found.
- */
-static PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
-pgstat_get_replslot_entry(NameData name, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-	bool		found;
-
-	if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-		/*
-		 * Quick return NULL if the hash table is empty and the caller didn't
-		 * request to create the entry.
-		 */
-		if (!create)
-			return NULL;
-
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(NameData);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry);
-		replSlotStatHash = hash_create("Replication slots hash",
-									   PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE,
-									   &hash_ctl,
-									   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-													   (void *) &name,
-													   create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND,
-													   &found);
-
-	if (!slotent)
-	{
-		/* not found */
-		Assert(!create && !found);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	/* initialize the entry */
-	if (create && !found)
-	{
-		namestrcpy(&(slotent->slotname), NameStr(name));
-		pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, 0);
-	}
-
-	return slotent;
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset the given replication slot stats.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_replslot(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent, TimestampTz ts)
-{
-	/* reset only counters. Don't clear slot name */
-	slotent->spill_txns = 0;
-	slotent->spill_count = 0;
-	slotent->spill_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->stream_txns = 0;
-	slotent->stream_count = 0;
-	slotent->stream_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->total_txns = 0;
-	slotent->total_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the subscription statistics entry with the given subscription OID.
- * If no subscription entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is
- * true.  Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatSubEntry *
-pgstat_get_subscription_entry(Oid subid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-		/*
-		 * Quick return NULL if the hash table is empty and the caller didn't
-		 * request to create the entry.
-		 */
-		if (!create)
-			return NULL;
-
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry);
-		subscriptionStatHash = hash_create("Subscription hash",
-										   PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE,
-										   &hash_ctl,
-										   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash,
-												   (void *) &subid,
-												   action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* If not found, initialize the new one */
-	if (!found)
-		pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, 0);
-
-	return subentry;
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset the given subscription stats.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_subscription(PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry, TimestampTz ts)
-{
-	subentry->apply_error_count = 0;
-	subentry->sync_error_count = 0;
-	subentry->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-}
-
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
  * reading and writing of on-disk stats file
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
+/* helpers for pgstat_write_statsfile() */
+static void
+write_chunk(FILE *fpout, void *ptr, size_t len)
+{
+	int			rc;
+
+	rc = fwrite(ptr, len, 1, fpout);
+
+	/* we'll check for errors with ferror once at the end */
+	(void) rc;
+}
+
+#define write_chunk_s(fpout, ptr) write_chunk(fpout, ptr, sizeof(*ptr))
+
 /*
- * Write the global statistics file, as well as requested DB files.
- *
- * 'permanent' specifies writing to the permanent files not temporary ones.
- * When true (happens only when the collector is shutting down), also remove
- * the temporary files so that backends starting up under a new postmaster
- * can't read old data before the new collector is ready.
- *
- * When 'allDbs' is false, only the requested databases (listed in
- * pending_write_requests) will be written; otherwise, all databases
- * will be written.
+ * This function is called in the last process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
+pgstat_write_statsfile(void)
 {
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	FILE	   *fpout;
 	int32		format_id;
-	const char *tmpfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE : pgstat_stat_tmpname;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-	int			rc;
+	const char *tmpfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *ps;
+
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+
+	/* we're shutting down, so it's ok to just override this */
+	pgstat_fetch_consistency = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
 	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
 
@@ -2067,2077 +1225,350 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Set the timestamp of the stats file.
-	 */
-	globalStats.stats_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
 	/*
 	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
 	 */
 	format_id = PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID;
-	rc = fwrite(&format_id, sizeof(format_id), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &format_id);
 
 	/*
-	 * Write global stats struct
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&globalStats, sizeof(globalStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
 	 * Write archiver stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&archiverStats, sizeof(archiverStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.archiver);
 
 	/*
-	 * Write WAL stats struct
+	 * Write bgwriter stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&walStats, sizeof(walStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter);
+
+	/*
+	 * Write checkpointer stats struct
+	 */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer);
 
 	/*
 	 * Write SLRU stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(slruStats, sizeof(slruStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.slru);
 
 	/*
-	 * Walk through the database table.
+	 * Write WAL stats struct
 	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_WAL);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal);
+
+	/*
+	 * Walk through the stats entries
+	 */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((ps = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Write out the table and function stats for this DB into the
-		 * appropriate per-DB stat file, if required.
-		 */
-		if (allDbs || pgstat_db_requested(dbentry->databaseid))
-		{
-			/* Make DB's timestamp consistent with the global stats */
-			dbentry->stats_timestamp = globalStats.stats_timestamp;
-
-			pgstat_write_db_statsfile(dbentry, permanent);
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Write out the DB entry. We don't write the tables or functions
-		 * pointers, since they're of no use to any other process.
-		 */
-		fputc('D', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(dbentry, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write replication slot stats struct
-	 */
-	if (replSlotStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			fputc('R', fpout);
-			rc = fwrite(slotent, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), 1, fpout);
-			(void) rc;			/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write subscription stats struct
-	 */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			fputc('S', fpout);
-			rc = fwrite(subentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), 1, fpout);
-			(void) rc;			/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
-	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
-	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite above.
-	 */
-	fputc('E', fpout);
-
-	if (ferror(fpout))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpout);
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile, statfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-		unlink(pgstat_stat_filename);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now throw away the list of requests.  Note that requests sent after we
-	 * started the write are still waiting on the network socket.
-	 */
-	list_free(pending_write_requests);
-	pending_write_requests = NIL;
-}
-
-/*
- * return the filename for a DB stat file; filename is the output buffer,
- * of length len.
- */
-static void
-get_dbstat_filename(bool permanent, bool tempname, Oid databaseid,
-					char *filename, int len)
-{
-	int			printed;
-
-	/* NB -- pgstat_reset_remove_files knows about the pattern this uses */
-	printed = snprintf(filename, len, "%s/db_%u.%s",
-					   permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY :
-					   pgstat_stat_directory,
-					   databaseid,
-					   tempname ? "tmp" : "stat");
-	if (printed >= len)
-		elog(ERROR, "overlength pgstat path");
-}
-
-/*
- * Write the stat file for a single database.
- *
- * If writing to the permanent file (happens when the collector is
- * shutting down only), remove the temporary file so that backends
- * starting up under a new postmaster can't read the old data before
- * the new collector is ready.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
-{
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS tstat;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpout;
-	int32		format_id;
-	Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-	int			rc;
-	char		tmpfile[MAXPGPATH];
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, true, dbid, tmpfile, MAXPGPATH);
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-
-	/*
-	 * Open the statistics temp file to write out the current values.
-	 */
-	fpout = AllocateFile(tmpfile, PG_BINARY_W);
-	if (fpout == NULL)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not open temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
-	 */
-	format_id = PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID;
-	rc = fwrite(&format_id, sizeof(format_id), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's access stats per table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&tstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&tstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('T', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(tabentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's function stats table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, dbentry->functions);
-	while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('F', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(funcentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
-	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
-	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite above.
-	 */
-	fputc('E', fpout);
-
-	if (ferror(fpout))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpout);
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile, statfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing temporary stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reads in some existing statistics collector files and returns the
- * databases hash table that is the top level of the data.
- *
- * If 'onlydb' is not InvalidOid, it means we only want data for that DB
- * plus the shared catalogs ("DB 0").  We'll still populate the DB hash
- * table for all databases, but we don't bother even creating table/function
- * hash tables for other databases.
- *
- * 'permanent' specifies reading from the permanent files not temporary ones.
- * When true (happens only when the collector is starting up), remove the
- * files after reading; the in-memory status is now authoritative, and the
- * files would be out of date in case somebody else reads them.
- *
- * If a 'deep' read is requested, table/function stats are read, otherwise
- * the table/function hash tables remain empty.
- */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbbuf;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	HTAB	   *dbhash;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	bool		found;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-	int			i;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * The tables will live in pgStatLocalContext.
-	 */
-	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
-
-	/*
-	 * Create the DB hashtable
-	 */
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-	dbhash = hash_create("Databases hash", PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE, &hash_ctl,
-						 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	/*
-	 * Clear out global, archiver, WAL and SLRU statistics so they start from
-	 * zero in case we can't load an existing statsfile.
-	 */
-	memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-	memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-	memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-	memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the current timestamp (will be kept only in case we can't load an
-	 * existing statsfile).
-	 */
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the same reset timestamp for all SLRU items too.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-		slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
-	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
-	 * condition is suspicious.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return dbhash;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&globalStats, 1, sizeof(globalStats), fpin) != sizeof(globalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the permanent
-	 * stats file; we should be willing to write a temp stats file immediately
-	 * upon the first request from any backend.  This only matters if the old
-	 * file's timestamp is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL ago, but that's not
-	 * an unusual scenario.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-		globalStats.stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&archiverStats, 1, sizeof(archiverStats), fpin) != sizeof(archiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&walStats, 1, sizeof(walStats), fpin) != sizeof(walStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(slruStats, 1, sizeof(slruStats), fpin) != sizeof(slruStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbbuf, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Add to the DB hash
-				 */
-				dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(dbhash,
-															 (void *) &dbbuf.databaseid,
-															 HASH_ENTER,
-															 &found);
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(dbentry, &dbbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry));
-				dbentry->tables = NULL;
-				dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-				/*
-				 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the
-				 * permanent stats file; we should be willing to write a temp
-				 * stats file immediately upon the first request from any
-				 * backend.
-				 */
-				if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-					dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-				/*
-				 * Don't create tables/functions hashtables for uninteresting
-				 * databases.
-				 */
-				if (onlydb != InvalidOid)
-				{
-					if (dbbuf.databaseid != onlydb &&
-						dbbuf.databaseid != InvalidOid)
-						break;
-				}
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-											  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-											  &hash_ctl,
-											  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-												 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-												 &hash_ctl,
-												 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				/*
-				 * If requested, read the data from the database-specific
-				 * file.  Otherwise we just leave the hashtables empty.
-				 */
-				if (deep)
-					pgstat_read_db_statsfile(dbentry->databaseid,
-											 dbentry->tables,
-											 dbentry->functions,
-											 permanent);
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry struct describing a
-				 * replication slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				{
-					PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry slotbuf;
-					PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-					if (fread(&slotbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), fpin)
-						!= sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry))
-					{
-						ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-										statfile)));
-						goto done;
-					}
-
-					/* Create hash table if we don't have it already. */
-					if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
-					{
-						HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-						hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(NameData);
-						hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry);
-						hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-						replSlotStatHash = hash_create("Replication slots hash",
-													   PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE,
-													   &hash_ctl,
-													   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-					}
-
-					slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-																	   (void *) &slotbuf.slotname,
-																	   HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-					memcpy(slotent, &slotbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry));
-					break;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * 'S'	A PgStat_StatSubEntry struct describing subscription
-				 * statistics.
-				 */
-			case 'S':
-				{
-					PgStat_StatSubEntry subbuf;
-					PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-					if (fread(&subbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), fpin)
-						!= sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry))
-					{
-						ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-										statfile)));
-						goto done;
-					}
-
-					if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-					{
-						HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-						hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-						hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry);
-						hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-						subscriptionStatHash = hash_create("Subscription hash",
-														   PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE,
-														   &hash_ctl,
-														   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-					}
-
-					subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash,
-																   (void *) &subbuf.subid,
-																   HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-
-					memcpy(subentry, &subbuf, sizeof(subbuf));
-					break;
-				}
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-								statfile)));
-				goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-
-	/* If requested to read the permanent file, also get rid of it. */
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-
-	return dbhash;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Reads in the existing statistics collector file for the given database,
- * filling the passed-in tables and functions hash tables.
- *
- * As in pgstat_read_statsfiles, if the permanent file is requested, it is
- * removed after reading.
- *
- * Note: this code has the ability to skip storing per-table or per-function
- * data, if NULL is passed for the corresponding hashtable.  That's not used
- * at the moment though.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-						 bool permanent)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry tabbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry funcbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	bool		found;
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, databaseid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
-	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
-	 * condition is suspicious.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'T'	A PgStat_StatTabEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'T':
-				if (fread(&tabbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Skip if table data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (tabhash == NULL)
-					break;
-
-				tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(tabhash,
-															   (void *) &tabbuf.tableid,
-															   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(tabentry, &tabbuf, sizeof(tabbuf));
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'F'	A PgStat_StatFuncEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'F':
-				if (fread(&funcbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Skip if function data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (funchash == NULL)
-					break;
-
-				funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(funchash,
-																 (void *) &funcbuf.functionid,
-																 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(funcentry, &funcbuf, sizeof(funcbuf));
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'E'	The EOF marker of a complete stats file.
-				 */
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-								statfile)));
-				goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Attempt to determine the timestamp of the last db statfile write.
- * Returns true if successful; the timestamp is stored in *ts. The caller must
- * rely on timestamp stored in *ts iff the function returns true.
- *
- * This needs to be careful about handling databases for which no stats file
- * exists, such as databases without a stat entry or those not yet written:
- *
- * - if there's a database entry in the global file, return the corresponding
- * stats_timestamp value.
- *
- * - if there's no db stat entry (e.g. for a new or inactive database),
- * there's no stats_timestamp value, but also nothing to write so we return
- * the timestamp of the global statfile.
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(Oid databaseid, bool permanent,
-								   TimestampTz *ts)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbentry;
-	PgStat_GlobalStats myGlobalStats;
-	PgStat_ArchiverStats myArchiverStats;
-	PgStat_WalStats myWalStats;
-	PgStat_SLRUStats mySLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry myReplSlotStats;
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry mySubStats;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file.  As above, anything but ENOENT is worthy of
-	 * complaining about.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myGlobalStats, 1, sizeof(myGlobalStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myGlobalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myArchiverStats, 1, sizeof(myArchiverStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myArchiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myWalStats, 1, sizeof(myWalStats), fpin) != sizeof(myWalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(mySLRUStats, 1, sizeof(mySLRUStats), fpin) != sizeof(mySLRUStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/* By default, we're going to return the timestamp of the global file. */
-	*ts = myGlobalStats.stats_timestamp;
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file.  Read it and look for a
-	 * record for the requested database.  If found, use its timestamp.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbentry, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * If this is the DB we're looking for, save its timestamp and
-				 * we're done.
-				 */
-				if (dbentry.databaseid == databaseid)
-				{
-					*ts = dbentry.stats_timestamp;
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry struct describing a
-				 * replication slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				if (fread(&myReplSlotStats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'S'	A PgStat_StatSubEntry struct describing subscription
-				 * statistics follows.
-				 */
-			case 'S':
-				if (fread(&mySubStats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-				break;
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-	return true;
-}
-
-/*
- * If not already done, read the statistics collector stats file into
- * some hash tables.  The results will be kept until pgstat_clear_snapshot()
- * is called (typically, at end of transaction).
- */
-static void
-backend_read_statsfile(void)
-{
-	TimestampTz min_ts = 0;
-	TimestampTz ref_ts = 0;
-	Oid			inquiry_db;
-	int			count;
-
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
-
-	/* already read it? */
-	if (pgStatDBHash)
-		return;
-	Assert(!pgStatRunningInCollector);
-
-	/*
-	 * In a normal backend, we check staleness of the data for our own DB, and
-	 * so we send MyDatabaseId in inquiry messages.  In the autovac launcher,
-	 * check staleness of the shared-catalog data, and send InvalidOid in
-	 * inquiry messages so as not to force writing unnecessary data.
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		inquiry_db = InvalidOid;
-	else
-		inquiry_db = MyDatabaseId;
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop until fresh enough stats file is available or we ran out of time.
-	 * The stats inquiry message is sent repeatedly in case collector drops
-	 * it; but not every single time, as that just swamps the collector.
-	 */
-	for (count = 0; count < PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT; count++)
-	{
-		bool		ok;
-		TimestampTz file_ts = 0;
-		TimestampTz cur_ts;
+		PgStatShared_Common *shstats;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = NULL;
 
 		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-		ok = pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(inquiry_db, false, &file_ts);
+		/* we may have some "dropped" entries not yet removed, skip them */
+		Assert(!ps->dropped);
+		if (ps->dropped)
+			continue;
 
-		cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-		/* Calculate min acceptable timestamp, if we didn't already */
-		if (count == 0 || cur_ts < ref_ts)
+		shstats = (PgStatShared_Common *) dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, ps->body);
+
+		kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(ps->key.kind);
+
+		/* if not dropped the valid-entry refcount should exist */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&ps->refcount) > 0);
+
+		if (!kind_info->to_serialized_name)
 		{
-			/*
-			 * We set the minimum acceptable timestamp to PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-			 * msec before now.  This indirectly ensures that the collector
-			 * needn't write the file more often than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL. In
-			 * an autovacuum worker, however, we want a lower delay to avoid
-			 * using stale data, so we use PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY (since the
-			 * number of workers is low, this shouldn't be a problem).
-			 *
-			 * We don't recompute min_ts after sleeping, except in the
-			 * unlikely case that cur_ts went backwards.  So we might end up
-			 * accepting a file a bit older than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.  In
-			 * practice that shouldn't happen, though, as long as the sleep
-			 * time is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL; and we don't want to
-			 * tell the collector that our cutoff time is less than what we'd
-			 * actually accept.
-			 */
-			ref_ts = cur_ts;
-			if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY);
-			else
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL);
+			/* normal stats entry, identified by PgStat_HashKey */
+			fputc('S', fpout);
+			write_chunk_s(fpout, &ps->key);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			/* stats entry identified by name on disk (e.g. slots) */
+			NameData	name;
+
+			kind_info->to_serialized_name(shstats, &name);
+
+			fputc('N', fpout);
+			write_chunk_s(fpout, &ps->key.kind);
+			write_chunk_s(fpout, &name);
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * If the file timestamp is actually newer than cur_ts, we must have
-		 * had a clock glitch (system time went backwards) or there is clock
-		 * skew between our processor and the stats collector's processor.
-		 * Accept the file, but send an inquiry message anyway to make
-		 * pgstat_recv_inquiry do a sanity check on the collector's time.
-		 */
-		if (ok && file_ts > cur_ts)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * A small amount of clock skew between processors isn't terribly
-			 * surprising, but a large difference is worth logging.  We
-			 * arbitrarily define "large" as 1000 msec.
-			 */
-			if (file_ts >= TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(cur_ts, 1000))
-			{
-				char	   *filetime;
-				char	   *mytime;
-
-				/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-				filetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(file_ts));
-				mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("statistics collector's time %s is later than backend local time %s",
-								filetime, mytime)));
-				pfree(filetime);
-				pfree(mytime);
-			}
-
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-			break;
-		}
-
-		/* Normal acceptance case: file is not older than cutoff time */
-		if (ok && file_ts >= min_ts)
-			break;
-
-		/* Not there or too old, so kick the collector and wait a bit */
-		if ((count % PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT) == 0)
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-
-		pg_usleep(PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY * 1000L);
+		/* Write except the header part of the entry */
+		write_chunk(fpout,
+					shared_stat_entry_data(ps->key.kind, shstats),
+					shared_stat_entry_len(ps->key.kind));
 	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
 
-	if (count >= PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT)
+	/*
+	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
+	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
+	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite (in write_chunk()) above.
+	 */
+	fputc('E', fpout);
+
+	if (ferror(fpout))
+	{
 		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("using stale statistics instead of current ones "
-						"because stats collector is not responding")));
-
-	/*
-	 * Autovacuum launcher wants stats about all databases, but a shallow read
-	 * is sufficient.  Regular backends want a deep read for just the tables
-	 * they can see (MyDatabaseId + shared catalogs).
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, false, false);
-	else
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(MyDatabaseId, false, true);
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+						tmpfile)));
+		FreeFile(fpout);
+		unlink(tmpfile);
+	}
+	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+						tmpfile)));
+		unlink(tmpfile);
+	}
+	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
+						tmpfile, statfile)));
+		unlink(tmpfile);
+	}
 }
 
-/*
- * Do we need to write out any stats files?
- */
+/* helpers for pgstat_read_statsfile() */
 static bool
-pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void)
+read_chunk(FILE *fpin, void *ptr, size_t len)
 {
-	if (pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
-
-	/* Everything was written recently */
-	return false;
+	return fread(ptr, 1, len, fpin) == len;
 }
 
-/*
- * Checks whether stats for a particular DB need to be written to a file.
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid)
-{
-	/*
-	 * If any requests are outstanding at all, we should write the stats for
-	 * shared catalogs (the "database" with OID 0).  This ensures that
-	 * backends will see up-to-date stats for shared catalogs, even though
-	 * they send inquiry messages mentioning only their own DB.
-	 */
-	if (databaseid == InvalidOid && pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
-
-	/* Search to see if there's an open request to write this database. */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, databaseid))
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * stats collector message processing functions
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
- */
+#define read_chunk_s(fpin, ptr) read_chunk(fpin, ptr, sizeof(*ptr))
 
 /*
- * Process stat inquiry requests.
+ * Reads in existing statistics file into the shared stats hash.
+ *
+ * This function is called in the only process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len)
+pgstat_read_statsfile(void)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "received inquiry for database %u", msg->databaseid);
-
-	/*
-	 * If there's already a write request for this DB, there's nothing to do.
-	 *
-	 * Note that if a request is found, we return early and skip the below
-	 * check for clock skew.  This is okay, since the only way for a DB
-	 * request to be present in the list is that we have been here since the
-	 * last write round.  It seems sufficient to check for clock skew once per
-	 * write round.
-	 */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, msg->databaseid))
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check to see if we last wrote this database at a time >= the requested
-	 * cutoff time.  If so, this is a stale request that was generated before
-	 * we updated the DB file, and we don't need to do so again.
-	 *
-	 * If the requestor's local clock time is older than stats_timestamp, we
-	 * should suspect a clock glitch, ie system time going backwards; though
-	 * the more likely explanation is just delayed message receipt.  It is
-	 * worth expending a GetCurrentTimestamp call to be sure, since a large
-	 * retreat in the system clock reading could otherwise cause us to neglect
-	 * to update the stats file for a long time.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->databaseid, false);
-	if (dbentry == NULL)
-	{
-		/*
-		 * We have no data for this DB.  Enter a write request anyway so that
-		 * the global stats will get updated.  This is needed to prevent
-		 * backend_read_statsfile from waiting for data that we cannot supply,
-		 * in the case of a new DB that nobody has yet reported any stats for.
-		 * See the behavior of pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp.
-		 */
-	}
-	else if (msg->clock_time < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-	{
-		TimestampTz cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		if (cur_ts < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Sure enough, time went backwards.  Force a new stats file write
-			 * to get back in sync; but first, log a complaint.
-			 */
-			char	   *writetime;
-			char	   *mytime;
-
-			/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-			writetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(dbentry->stats_timestamp));
-			mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("stats_timestamp %s is later than collector's time %s for database %u",
-							writetime, mytime, dbentry->databaseid)));
-			pfree(writetime);
-			pfree(mytime);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Nope, it's just an old request.  Assuming msg's clock_time is
-			 * >= its cutoff_time, it must be stale, so we can ignore it.
-			 */
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-	else if (msg->cutoff_time <= dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-	{
-		/* Stale request, ignore it */
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We need to write this DB, so create a request.
-	 */
-	pending_write_requests = lappend_oid(pending_write_requests,
-										 msg->databaseid);
-}
-
-/*
- * Count what the backend has done.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	int			i;
+	FILE	   *fpin;
+	int32		format_id;
 	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Update database-wide stats.
-	 */
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_commit);
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_rollback);
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time += msg->m_block_read_time;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time += msg->m_block_write_time;
-
-	dbentry->total_session_time += msg->m_session_time;
-	dbentry->total_active_time += msg->m_active_time;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += msg->m_idle_in_xact_time;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		PgStat_TableEntry *tabmsg = &(msg->m_entry[i]);
-
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &(tabmsg->t_id),
-													   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new table entry, initialize counters to the values we
-			 * just got.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans = tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze = tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-
-			tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans += tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-
-			/*
-			 * If table was truncated/dropped, first reset the live/dead
-			 * counters.
-			 */
-			if (tabmsg->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
-			{
-				tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-			}
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze += tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-		}
-
-		/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
-		/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
-
-		/*
-		 * Add per-table stats to the per-database entry, too.
-		 */
-		dbentry->n_tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Arrange for dead table removal.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->tables)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_tableid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Arrange for dead database removal
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len)
-{
-	Oid			dbid = msg->m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(dbid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * If found, remove it (along with the db statfile).
-	 */
-	if (dbentry)
-	{
-		char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-
-		if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-		if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-		if (hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-						(void *) &dbid,
-						HASH_REMOVE, NULL) == NULL)
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errmsg("database hash table corrupted during cleanup --- abort")));
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset the statistics for the specified database.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.  Nothing to do if not there.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * We simply throw away all the database's table entries by recreating a
-	 * new hash table for them.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-	dbentry->tables = NULL;
-	dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * Reset database-level stats, too.  This creates empty hash tables for
-	 * tables and functions.
-	 */
-	reset_dbentry_counters(dbentry);
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some shared statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER ||
-		msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER)
-	{
-		/*
-		 * Reset the global, bgwriter and checkpointer statistics for the
-		 * cluster.
-		 */
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER)
-	{
-		/* Reset the archiver statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU)
-	{
-		int			i;
-		TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-		{
-			memset(&slruStats[i], 0, sizeof(slruStats[i]));
-			slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-		}
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_WAL)
-	{
-		/* Reset the WAL statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Presumably the sender of this message validated the target, don't
-	 * complain here if it's not valid
-	 */
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset a statistics for a single object, which may be of current
- * database or shared across all databases in the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	if (IsSharedRelation(msg->m_objectid))
-		dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(InvalidOid, false);
-	else
-		dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-	/* Remove object if it exists, ignore it if not */
-	if (msg->m_resettype == PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	else if (msg->m_resettype == PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some SLRU statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			i;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
+	PgStat_ShmemControl *shmem = pgStatLocal.shmem;
 	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+	/* shouldn't be called from postmaster */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+
+	elog(DEBUG2, "reading stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+
+	/*
+	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
+	 * returns zero for anything and statistics simply starts from scratch
+	 * with empty counters.
+	 *
+	 * ENOENT is a possibility if stats collection was previously disabled or
+	 * has not yet written the stats file for the first time.  Any other
+	 * failure condition is suspicious.
+	 */
+	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
 	{
-		/* reset entry with the given index */
-		if (msg->m_index == i)
-		{
-			memset(&slruStats[i], 0, sizeof(slruStats[i]));
-			slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some replication slot statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg,
-								 int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/* Return if we don't have replication slot statistics */
-	if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			ereport(LOG,
+					(errcode_for_file_access(),
+					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+							statfile)));
+		pgstat_reset_all_stats(ts);
 		return;
-
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	if (msg->clearall)
-	{
-		HASH_SEQ_STATUS sstat;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&sstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&sstat)) != NULL)
-			pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, ts);
 	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Get the slot statistics to reset */
-		slotent = pgstat_get_replslot_entry(msg->m_slotname, false);
-
-		/*
-		 * Nothing to do if the given slot entry is not found.  This could
-		 * happen when the slot with the given name is removed and the
-		 * corresponding statistics entry is also removed before receiving the
-		 * reset message.
-		 */
-		if (!slotent)
-			return;
-
-		/* Reset the stats for the requested replication slot */
-		pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, ts);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some subscription statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/* Return if we don't have replication subscription statistics */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	if (!OidIsValid(msg->m_subid))
-	{
-		HASH_SEQ_STATUS sstat;
-
-		/* Clear all subscription counters */
-		hash_seq_init(&sstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&sstat)) != NULL)
-			pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, ts);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Get the subscription statistics to reset */
-		subentry = pgstat_get_subscription_entry(msg->m_subid, false);
-
-		/*
-		 * Nothing to do if the given subscription entry is not found.  This
-		 * could happen when the subscription with the subid is removed and
-		 * the corresponding statistics entry is also removed before receiving
-		 * the reset message.
-		 */
-		if (!subentry)
-			return;
-
-		/* Reset the stats for the requested subscription */
-		pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, ts);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process an autovacuum signaling message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	/*
-	 * Store the last autovacuum time in the database's hashtable entry.
+	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = msg->m_start_time;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a VACUUM message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &format_id) ||
+		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
+		goto error;
 
 	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
 
 	/*
-	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
-	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
-	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
-	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
-	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
-	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
-	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
-	 * stragglers.
+	 * Read archiver stats struct
 	 */
-	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
-	{
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process an ANALYZE message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->archiver.stats))
+		goto error;
 
 	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
+	 * Read bgwriter stats struct
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->bgwriter.stats))
+		goto error;
 
 	/*
-	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
-	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
-	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
+	 * Read checkpointer stats struct
 	 */
-	if (msg->m_resetcounter)
-		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->checkpointer.stats))
+		goto error;
 
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
+	/*
+	 * Read SLRU stats struct
+	 */
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->slru.stats))
+		goto error;
+
+	/*
+	 * Read WAL stats struct
+	 */
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->wal.stats))
+		goto error;
+
+	/*
+	 * We found an existing statistics file. Read it and put all the hash
+	 * table entries into place.
+	 */
+	for (;;)
 	{
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->analyze_count++;
-	}
-}
+		char		t = fgetc(fpin);
 
-/*
- * Process a ARCHIVER message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_failed)
-	{
-		/* Failed archival attempt */
-		++archiverStats.failed_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_failed_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_failed_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_failed_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Successful archival operation */
-		++archiverStats.archived_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_archived_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_archived_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_archived_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a BGWRITER message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_written_clean += msg->m_buf_written_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.maxwritten_clean += msg->m_maxwritten_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_alloc += msg->m_buf_alloc;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a CHECKPOINTER message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.checkpointer.timed_checkpoints += msg->m_timed_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.requested_checkpoints += msg->m_requested_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_write_time += msg->m_checkpoint_write_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_sync_time += msg->m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_checkpoints += msg->m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_backend += msg->m_buf_written_backend;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_fsync_backend += msg->m_buf_fsync_backend;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a WAL message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len)
-{
-	walStats.wal_records += msg->m_wal_records;
-	walStats.wal_fpi += msg->m_wal_fpi;
-	walStats.wal_bytes += msg->m_wal_bytes;
-	walStats.wal_buffers_full += msg->m_wal_buffers_full;
-	walStats.wal_write += msg->m_wal_write;
-	walStats.wal_sync += msg->m_wal_sync;
-	walStats.wal_write_time += msg->m_wal_write_time;
-	walStats.wal_sync_time += msg->m_wal_sync_time;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a SLRU message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len)
-{
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_zeroed += msg->m_blocks_zeroed;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_hit += msg->m_blocks_hit;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_read += msg->m_blocks_read;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_written += msg->m_blocks_written;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_exists += msg->m_blocks_exists;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].flush += msg->m_flush;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].truncate += msg->m_truncate;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a RECOVERYCONFLICT message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	switch (msg->m_reason)
-	{
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
-
-			/*
-			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
-			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
-			 */
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
-			break;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a DEADLOCK message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks++;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a CHECKSUMFAILURE message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures += msg->m_failurecount;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = msg->m_failure_time;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a REPLSLOT message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_drop)
-	{
-		Assert(!msg->m_create);
-
-		/* Remove the replication slot statistics with the given name */
-		if (replSlotStatHash != NULL)
-			(void) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-							   (void *) &(msg->m_slotname),
-							   HASH_REMOVE,
-							   NULL);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-		slotent = pgstat_get_replslot_entry(msg->m_slotname, true);
-		Assert(slotent);
-
-		if (msg->m_create)
+		switch (t)
 		{
-			/*
-			 * If the message for dropping the slot with the same name gets
-			 * lost, slotent has stats for the old slot. So we initialize all
-			 * counters at slot creation.
-			 */
-			pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, 0);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/* Update the replication slot statistics */
-			slotent->spill_txns += msg->m_spill_txns;
-			slotent->spill_count += msg->m_spill_count;
-			slotent->spill_bytes += msg->m_spill_bytes;
-			slotent->stream_txns += msg->m_stream_txns;
-			slotent->stream_count += msg->m_stream_count;
-			slotent->stream_bytes += msg->m_stream_bytes;
-			slotent->total_txns += msg->m_total_txns;
-			slotent->total_bytes += msg->m_total_bytes;
+			case 'S':
+			case 'N':
+				{
+					PgStat_HashKey key;
+					PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+					PgStatShared_Common *header;
+
+					CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+					if (t == 'S')
+					{
+						/* normal stats entry, identified by PgStat_HashKey */
+						if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &key))
+							goto error;
+
+						if (!pgstat_kind_valid(key.kind))
+							goto error;
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						/* stats entry identified by name on disk (e.g. slots) */
+						const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = NULL;
+						PgStat_Kind kind;
+						NameData	name;
+
+						if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &kind))
+							goto error;
+						if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &name))
+							goto error;
+						if (!pgstat_kind_valid(kind))
+							goto error;
+
+						kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+						if (!kind_info->from_serialized_name)
+							goto error;
+
+						if (!kind_info->from_serialized_name(&name, &key))
+						{
+							/* skip over data for entry we don't care about */
+							if (fseek(fpin, shared_stat_entry_len(kind), SEEK_CUR) != 0)
+							{
+								elog(LOG, "couldn't seek");
+								goto error;
+							}
+
+							continue;
+						}
+
+						Assert(key.kind == kind);
+					}
+
+					/*
+					 * This intentionally doesn't use pgstat_get_entry_ref() -
+					 * putting all stats into checkpointer's
+					 * pgStatEntryRefHash would be wasted effort and memory.
+					 */
+					p = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, &found);
+
+					/* don't allow duplicate entries */
+					if (found)
+					{
+						dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, p);
+						elog(WARNING, "found duplicate stats entry %d/%u/%u",
+							 key.kind, key.dboid, key.objoid);
+						goto error;
+					}
+
+					header = pgstat_init_entry(key.kind, p);
+					dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, p);
+
+					if (!read_chunk(fpin,
+									shared_stat_entry_data(key.kind, header),
+									shared_stat_entry_len(key.kind)))
+						goto error;
+
+					break;
+				}
+			case 'E':
+				goto done;
+
+			default:
+				goto error;
 		}
 	}
+
+done:
+	FreeFile(fpin);
+
+	elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+	unlink(statfile);
+
+	return;
+
+error:
+	ereport(LOG,
+			(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+
+	/* Set the current timestamp as reset timestamp */
+	pgstat_reset_all_stats(ts);
+
+	goto done;
 }
 
 /*
- * Process a CONNECT message.
+ * Helper to initially reset all stats
  */
 static void
-pgstat_recv_connect(PgStat_MsgConnect *msg, int len)
+pgstat_reset_all_stats(TimestampTz ts)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-	dbentry->n_sessions++;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a DISCONNECT message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_disconnect(PgStat_MsgDisconnect *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	switch (msg->m_cause)
+	for (int kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST; kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
 	{
-		case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
-		case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
-			/* we don't collect these */
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
-			break;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+		if (!kind_info->fixed_amount)
+			continue;
+
+		kind_info->reset_all_cb(ts);
 	}
 }
-
-/*
- * Process a TEMPFILE message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes += msg->m_filesize;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files += 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Count what the backend has done.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry *funcmsg = &(msg->m_entry[0]);
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			i;
-	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++, funcmsg++)
-	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &(funcmsg->f_id),
-														 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new function entry, initialize counters to the values
-			 * we just got.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls = funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time = funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time = funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls += funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time += funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time += funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Arrange for dead function removal.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->functions)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_functionid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a SUBSCRIPTIONDROP message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop *msg, int len)
-{
-	/* Return if we don't have replication subscription statistics */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not */
-	(void) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash, (void *) &(msg->m_subid),
-					   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a SUBSCRIPTIONERROR message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-	/* Get the subscription stats */
-	subentry = pgstat_get_subscription_entry(msg->m_subid, true);
-	Assert(subentry);
-
-	if (msg->m_is_apply_error)
-		subentry->apply_error_count++;
-	else
-		subentry->sync_error_count++;
-}
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
index 80bb2695998..4dc1a5f1db3 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
@@ -255,7 +255,6 @@ static pid_t StartupPID = 0,
 			WalReceiverPID = 0,
 			AutoVacPID = 0,
 			PgArchPID = 0,
-			PgStatPID = 0,
 			SysLoggerPID = 0;
 
 /* Startup process's status */
@@ -517,7 +516,6 @@ typedef struct
 	PGPROC	   *AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PGPROC	   *PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-	InheritableSocket pgStatSock;
 	pid_t		PostmasterPid;
 	TimestampTz PgStartTime;
 	TimestampTz PgReloadTime;
@@ -652,9 +650,8 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 * CAUTION: when changing this list, check for side-effects on the signal
 	 * handling setup of child processes.  See tcop/postgres.c,
 	 * bootstrap/bootstrap.c, postmaster/bgwriter.c, postmaster/walwriter.c,
-	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/pgstat.c,
-	 * postmaster/syslogger.c, postmaster/bgworker.c and
-	 * postmaster/checkpointer.c.
+	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/syslogger.c,
+	 * postmaster/bgworker.c and postmaster/checkpointer.c.
 	 */
 	pqinitmask();
 	PG_SETMASK(&BlockSig);
@@ -1391,12 +1388,6 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 */
 	RemovePgTempFiles();
 
-	/*
-	 * Initialize stats collection subsystem (this does NOT start the
-	 * collector process!)
-	 */
-	pgstat_init();
-
 	/*
 	 * Initialize the autovacuum subsystem (again, no process start yet)
 	 */
@@ -1852,11 +1843,6 @@ ServerLoop(void)
 				start_autovac_launcher = false; /* signal processed */
 		}
 
-		/* If we have lost the stats collector, try to start a new one */
-		if (PgStatPID == 0 &&
-			(pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY))
-			PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		/* If we have lost the archiver, try to start a new one. */
 		if (PgArchPID == 0 && PgArchStartupAllowed())
 			PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
@@ -2791,8 +2777,6 @@ SIGHUP_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGHUP);
 		if (SysLoggerPID != 0)
 			signal_child(SysLoggerPID, SIGHUP);
-		if (PgStatPID != 0)
-			signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGHUP);
 
 		/* Reload authentication config files too */
 		if (!load_hba())
@@ -3121,8 +3105,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				AutoVacPID = StartAutoVacLauncher();
 			if (PgArchStartupAllowed() && PgArchPID == 0)
 				PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
-			if (PgStatPID == 0)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
 
 			/* workers may be scheduled to start now */
 			maybe_start_bgworkers();
@@ -3189,13 +3171,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				SignalChildren(SIGUSR2);
 
 				pmState = PM_SHUTDOWN_2;
-
-				/*
-				 * We can also shut down the stats collector now; there's
-				 * nothing left for it to do.
-				 */
-				if (PgStatPID != 0)
-					signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -3274,22 +3249,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * Was it the statistics collector?  If so, just try to start a new
-		 * one; no need to force reset of the rest of the system.  (If fail,
-		 * we'll try again in future cycles of the main loop.)
-		 */
-		if (pid == PgStatPID)
-		{
-			PgStatPID = 0;
-			if (!EXIT_STATUS_0(exitstatus))
-				LogChildExit(LOG, _("statistics collector process"),
-							 pid, exitstatus);
-			if (pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-			continue;
-		}
-
 		/* Was it the system logger?  If so, try to start a new one */
 		if (pid == SysLoggerPID)
 		{
@@ -3731,22 +3690,6 @@ HandleChildCrash(int pid, int exitstatus, const char *procname)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, (SendStop ? SIGSTOP : SIGQUIT));
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Force a power-cycle of the pgstat process too.  (This isn't absolutely
-	 * necessary, but it seems like a good idea for robustness, and it
-	 * simplifies the state-machine logic in the case where a shutdown request
-	 * arrives during crash processing.)
-	 */
-	if (PgStatPID != 0 && take_action)
-	{
-		ereport(DEBUG2,
-				(errmsg_internal("sending %s to process %d",
-								 "SIGQUIT",
-								 (int) PgStatPID)));
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
-		allow_immediate_pgstat_restart();
-	}
-
 	/* We do NOT restart the syslogger */
 
 	if (Shutdown != ImmediateShutdown)
@@ -3968,12 +3911,10 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 					FatalError = true;
 					pmState = PM_WAIT_DEAD_END;
 
-					/* Kill the walsenders, archiver and stats collector too */
+					/* Kill the walsenders and archiver too */
 					SignalChildren(SIGQUIT);
 					if (PgArchPID != 0)
 						signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGQUIT);
-					if (PgStatPID != 0)
-						signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -3997,8 +3938,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 	{
 		/*
 		 * PM_WAIT_DEAD_END state ends when the BackendList is entirely empty
-		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiver and stats
-		 * collector are gone too.
+		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiver is gone too.
 		 *
 		 * The reason we wait for those two is to protect them against a new
 		 * postmaster starting conflicting subprocesses; this isn't an
@@ -4008,8 +3948,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 		 * normal state transition leading up to PM_WAIT_DEAD_END, or during
 		 * FatalError processing.
 		 */
-		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) &&
-			PgArchPID == 0 && PgStatPID == 0)
+		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) && PgArchPID == 0)
 		{
 			/* These other guys should be dead already */
 			Assert(StartupPID == 0);
@@ -4229,8 +4168,6 @@ TerminateChildren(int signal)
 		signal_child(AutoVacPID, signal);
 	if (PgArchPID != 0)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, signal);
-	if (PgStatPID != 0)
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, signal);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5162,12 +5099,6 @@ SubPostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 		StartBackgroundWorker();
 	}
-	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forkcol") == 0)
-	{
-		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
-
-		PgstatCollectorMain(argc, argv);	/* does not return */
-	}
 	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forklog") == 0)
 	{
 		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
@@ -5271,12 +5202,6 @@ sigusr1_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 	if (CheckPostmasterSignal(PMSIGNAL_BEGIN_HOT_STANDBY) &&
 		pmState == PM_RECOVERY && Shutdown == NoShutdown)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Likewise, start other special children as needed.
-		 */
-		Assert(PgStatPID == 0);
-		PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		ereport(LOG,
 				(errmsg("database system is ready to accept read-only connections")));
 
@@ -6192,7 +6117,6 @@ extern slock_t *ShmemLock;
 extern slock_t *ProcStructLock;
 extern PGPROC *AuxiliaryProcs;
 extern PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
 extern pg_time_t first_syslogger_file_time;
 
 #ifndef WIN32
@@ -6248,8 +6172,6 @@ save_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port,
 	param->AuxiliaryProcs = AuxiliaryProcs;
 	param->PreparedXactProcs = PreparedXactProcs;
 	param->PMSignalState = PMSignalState;
-	if (!write_inheritable_socket(&param->pgStatSock, pgStatSock, childPid))
-		return false;
 
 	param->PostmasterPid = PostmasterPid;
 	param->PgStartTime = PgStartTime;
@@ -6483,7 +6405,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	AuxiliaryProcs = param->AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PreparedXactProcs = param->PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalState = param->PMSignalState;
-	read_inheritable_socket(&pgStatSock, &param->pgStatSock);
 
 	PostmasterPid = param->PostmasterPid;
 	PgStartTime = param->PgStartTime;
@@ -6522,8 +6443,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	if (postmaster_alive_fds[1] >= 0)
 		ReserveExternalFD();
 #endif
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		ReserveExternalFD();
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
index 656ec8f5555..30e33dace33 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
@@ -1911,7 +1911,6 @@ UpdateDecodingStats(LogicalDecodingContext *ctx)
 		 (long long) rb->totalTxns,
 		 (long long) rb->totalBytes);
 
-	namestrcpy(&repSlotStat.slotname, NameStr(ctx->slot->data.name));
 	repSlotStat.spill_txns = rb->spillTxns;
 	repSlotStat.spill_count = rb->spillCount;
 	repSlotStat.spill_bytes = rb->spillBytes;
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/slot.c b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
index 5d3b3fe6db6..9979173953e 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/slot.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
@@ -499,6 +499,14 @@ retry:
 
 	/* We made this slot active, so it's ours now. */
 	MyReplicationSlot = s;
+
+	/*
+	 * The call to pgstat_acquire_replslot() protects against stats for
+	 * a different slot, from before a restart or such, being present during
+	 * pgstat_report_replslot().
+	 */
+	if (SlotIsLogical(s))
+		pgstat_acquire_replslot(s);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -743,23 +751,13 @@ ReplicationSlotDropPtr(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 	elog(DEBUG3, "replication slot drop: %s: removed directory", NameStr(slot->data.name));
 
 	/*
-	 * Send a message to drop the replication slot to the stats collector.
-	 * Since there is no guarantee of the order of message transfer on a UDP
-	 * connection, it's possible that a message for creating a new slot
-	 * reaches before a message for removing the old slot. We send the drop
-	 * and create messages while holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock to
-	 * reduce that possibility. If the messages reached in reverse, we would
-	 * lose one statistics update message. But the next update message will
-	 * create the statistics for the replication slot.
-	 *
-	 * XXX In case, the messages for creation and drop slot of the same name
-	 * get lost and create happens before (auto)vacuum cleans up the dead
-	 * slot, the stats will be accumulated into the old slot. One can imagine
-	 * having OIDs for each slot to avoid the accumulation of stats but that
-	 * doesn't seem worth doing as in practice this won't happen frequently.
+	 * Drop the statistics entry for the replication slot.  Do this while
+	 * holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock so that we don't drop a
+	 * statistics entry for another slot with the same name just created in
+	 * another session.
 	 */
 	if (SlotIsLogical(slot))
-		pgstat_drop_replslot(NameStr(slot->data.name));
+		pgstat_drop_replslot(slot);
 
 	/*
 	 * We release this at the very end, so that nobody starts trying to create
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
index d73a40c1bc6..f80f90ac3cc 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
@@ -2151,7 +2151,7 @@ BufferSync(int flags)
 			if (SyncOneBuffer(buf_id, false, &wb_context) & BUF_WRITTEN)
 			{
 				TRACE_POSTGRESQL_BUFFER_SYNC_WRITTEN(buf_id);
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_checkpoints++;
 				num_written++;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2261,7 +2261,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 	strategy_buf_id = StrategySyncStart(&strategy_passes, &recent_alloc);
 
 	/* Report buffer alloc counts to pgstat */
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
 
 	/*
 	 * If we're not running the LRU scan, just stop after doing the stats
@@ -2451,7 +2451,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 			if (++num_written >= bgwriter_lru_maxpages)
 			{
-				PendingBgWriterStats.m_maxwritten_clean++;
+				PendingBgWriterStats.maxwritten_clean++;
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2459,7 +2459,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 	}
 
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_written_clean += num_written;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_written_clean += num_written;
 
 #ifdef BGW_DEBUG
 	elog(DEBUG1, "bgwriter: recent_alloc=%u smoothed=%.2f delta=%ld ahead=%d density=%.2f reusable_est=%d upcoming_est=%d scanned=%d wrote=%d reusable=%d",
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
index cd4ebe2fc5e..88ff59c568f 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ CalculateShmemSize(int *num_semaphores)
 	size = add_size(size, BTreeShmemSize());
 	size = add_size(size, SyncScanShmemSize());
 	size = add_size(size, AsyncShmemSize());
+	size = add_size(size, StatsShmemSize());
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 	size = add_size(size, ShmemBackendArraySize());
 #endif
@@ -296,6 +297,7 @@ CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(void)
 	BTreeShmemInit();
 	SyncScanShmemInit();
 	AsyncShmemInit();
+	StatsShmemInit();
 
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
index 8f7f1b2f7c3..c24779d0bbd 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
@@ -176,7 +176,13 @@ static const char *const BuiltinTrancheNames[] = {
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND: */
 	"ParallelAppend",
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST: */
-	"PerXactPredicateList"
+	"PerXactPredicateList",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DSA: */
+	"PgStatsDSA",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_HASH: */
+	"PgStatsHash",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA: */
+	"PgStatsData",
 };
 
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(BuiltinTrancheNames) ==
diff --git a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
index 260b650f15f..2689d0962cf 100644
--- a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
+++ b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
@@ -3380,6 +3380,12 @@ ProcessInterrupts(void)
 
 	if (LogMemoryContextPending)
 		ProcessLogMemoryContextInterrupt();
+
+	if (IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending)
+	{
+		IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -4044,6 +4050,7 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 	volatile bool send_ready_for_query = true;
 	bool		idle_in_transaction_timeout_enabled = false;
 	bool		idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
+	bool		idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
 
 	AssertArg(dbname != NULL);
 	AssertArg(username != NULL);
@@ -4407,6 +4414,8 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 			}
 			else
 			{
+				long stats_timeout;
+
 				/*
 				 * Process incoming notifies (including self-notifies), if
 				 * any, and send relevant messages to the client.  Doing it
@@ -4417,7 +4426,14 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 				if (notifyInterruptPending)
 					ProcessNotifyInterrupt(false);
 
-				pgstat_report_stat(false);
+				/* Start the idle-stats-update timer */
+				stats_timeout = pgstat_report_stat(false);
+				if (stats_timeout > 0)
+				{
+					idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = true;
+					enable_timeout_after(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+										 stats_timeout);
+				}
 
 				set_ps_display("idle");
 				pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
@@ -4452,9 +4468,9 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 		firstchar = ReadCommand(&input_message);
 
 		/*
-		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction and idle-session timeouts, if
-		 * active.  We do this before step (5) so that any last-moment timeout
-		 * is certain to be detected in step (5).
+		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction, idle-session and
+		 * idle-state-update timeouts if active.  We do this before step (5) so
+		 * that any last-moment timeout is certain to be detected in step (5).
 		 *
 		 * At most one of these timeouts will be active, so there's no need to
 		 * worry about combining the timeout.c calls into one.
@@ -4469,6 +4485,11 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 			disable_timeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, false);
 			idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
 		}
+		if (idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled)
+		{
+			disable_timeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT, false);
+			idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * (5) disable async signal conditions again.
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile b/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile
index 791ba68e7e3..690312308f5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ OBJS = \
 	pgstat_function.o \
 	pgstat_relation.o \
 	pgstat_replslot.o \
+	pgstat_shmem.o \
 	pgstat_slru.o \
 	pgstat_subscription.o \
 	pgstat_wal.o \
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c
index 09bc12070da..65f66dd9b31 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c
@@ -27,14 +27,85 @@
 void
 pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg;
+	PgStatShared_Archiver *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver;
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER);
-	msg.m_failed = failed;
-	strlcpy(msg.m_xlog, xlog, sizeof(msg.m_xlog));
-	msg.m_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	changecount_before_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	if (failed)
+	{
+		++stats_shmem->stats.failed_count;
+		memcpy(&stats_shmem->stats.last_failed_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(stats_shmem->stats.last_failed_wal));
+		stats_shmem->stats.last_failed_timestamp = now;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		++stats_shmem->stats.archived_count;
+		memcpy(&stats_shmem->stats.last_archived_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(stats_shmem->stats.last_archived_wal));
+		stats_shmem->stats.last_archived_timestamp = now;
+	}
+
+	changecount_after_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the archiver statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_ArchiverStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.archiver;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Archiver *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver;
+
+	/* see explanation above PgStatShared_Archiver for the reset protocol */
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&stats_shmem->reset_offset,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+	stats_shmem->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Archiver *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats *stat_snap = &pgStatLocal.snapshot.archiver;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats *reset_offset = &stats_shmem->reset_offset;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats reset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(stat_snap,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+	if (stat_snap->archived_count == reset.archived_count)
+	{
+		stat_snap->last_archived_wal[0] = 0;
+		stat_snap->last_archived_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stat_snap->archived_count -= reset.archived_count;
+
+	if (stat_snap->failed_count == reset.failed_count)
+	{
+		stat_snap->last_failed_wal[0] = 0;
+		stat_snap->last_failed_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stat_snap->failed_count -= reset.failed_count;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c
index dfea88eca10..614acda1a05 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c
@@ -20,12 +20,7 @@
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 
 
-/*
- * BgWriter global statistics counters.  Stored directly in a stats
- * message structure so they can be sent without needing to copy things
- * around.  We assume this init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
+PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats = {0};
 
 
 /*
@@ -34,27 +29,81 @@ PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
 void
 pgstat_report_bgwriter(void)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgBgWriter all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_BgWriterStats all_zeroes;
 
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid unnecessarily modifying the stats entry.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgBgWriter)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(all_zeroes)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingBgWriterStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingBgWriterStats, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.changecount);
+
+#define BGWRITER_ACC(fld) pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.stats.fld += PendingBgWriterStats.fld
+	BGWRITER_ACC(buf_written_clean);
+	BGWRITER_ACC(maxwritten_clean);
+	BGWRITER_ACC(buf_alloc);
+#undef BGWRITER_ACC
+
+	changecount_after_write(&pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
 	MemSet(&PendingBgWriterStats, 0, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
 }
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the bgwriter statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_BgWriterStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter;
+
+	/* see explanation above PgStatShared_BgWriter for the reset protocol */
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&stats_shmem->reset_offset,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+	stats_shmem->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats *reset_offset = &stats_shmem->reset_offset;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats reset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+#define BGWRITER_COMP(fld) pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter.fld -= reset.fld;
+	BGWRITER_COMP(buf_written_clean);
+	BGWRITER_COMP(maxwritten_clean);
+	BGWRITER_COMP(buf_alloc);
+#undef BGWRITER_COMP
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c
index 3f4e2054f55..411dbf8c374 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c
@@ -20,12 +20,7 @@
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 
 
-/*
- * Checkpointer global statistics counters.  Stored directly in a stats
- * message structure so they can be sent without needing to copy things
- * around.  We assume this init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats = {0};
 
 
 /*
@@ -35,24 +30,92 @@ void
 pgstat_report_checkpointer(void)
 {
 	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgCheckpointer all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_CheckpointerStats all_zeroes;
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer;
+
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid unnecessarily modifying the stats entry.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(all_zeroes)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingCheckpointerStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingCheckpointerStats, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+#define CHECKPOINTER_ACC(fld) stats_shmem->stats.fld += PendingCheckpointerStats.fld
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(timed_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(requested_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(checkpoint_write_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(checkpoint_sync_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(buf_written_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(buf_written_backend);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(buf_fsync_backend);
+#undef CHECKPOINTER_ACC
+
+	changecount_after_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
 	MemSet(&PendingCheckpointerStats, 0, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
 }
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer() -
+ *
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the checkpointer statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer;
+
+	/* see explanation above PgStatShared_Checkpointer for the reset protocol */
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&stats_shmem->reset_offset,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats *reset_offset = &stats_shmem->reset_offset;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+#define CHECKPOINTER_COMP(fld) pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer.fld -= reset.fld;
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(timed_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(requested_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(checkpoint_write_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(checkpoint_sync_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(buf_written_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(buf_written_backend);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(buf_fsync_backend);
+#undef CHECKPOINTER_COMP
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index 0f2dd956d36..2d1b4b401e1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -19,39 +19,30 @@
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
+#include "storage/procsignal.h"
 
 
 static bool pgstat_should_report_connstat(void);
 
 
-int			pgStatXactCommit = 0;
-int			pgStatXactRollback = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatActiveTime = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
 SessionEndType pgStatSessionEndCause = DISCONNECT_NORMAL;
 
-
+static int	pgStatXactCommit = 0;
+static int	pgStatXactRollback = 0;
 static PgStat_Counter pgLastSessionReportTime = 0;
 
 
 /*
- * Tell the collector that we just dropped a database.
- * (If the message gets lost, we will still clean the dead DB eventually
- * via future invocations of pgstat_vacuum_stat().)
+ * Remove entry for the database being dropped.
  */
 void
 pgstat_drop_database(Oid databaseid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB);
-	msg.m_databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_drop_transactional(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, databaseid, InvalidOid);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -60,15 +51,39 @@ pgstat_drop_database(Oid databaseid)
 void
 pgstat_report_recovery_conflict(int reason)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_reason = reason;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	switch (reason)
+	{
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
+
+			/*
+			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
+			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
+			 */
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -77,14 +92,13 @@ pgstat_report_recovery_conflict(int reason)
 void
 pgstat_report_deadlock(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbent = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_deadlocks++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -93,17 +107,24 @@ pgstat_report_deadlock(void)
 void
 pgstat_report_checksum_failures_in_db(Oid dboid, int failurecount)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_failurecount = failurecount;
-	msg.m_failure_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * Update the shared stats directly - checksum failures should never be
+	 * common enough for that to be a problem.
+	 */
+	entry_ref =
+		pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, dboid, InvalidOid, false);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	sharedent->stats.n_checksum_failures += failurecount;
+	sharedent->stats.last_checksum_failure = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -121,15 +142,17 @@ pgstat_report_checksum_failure(void)
 void
 pgstat_report_tempfile(size_t filesize)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_filesize = filesize;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	if (filesize == 0)			/* Is there a case where filesize is really 0? */
+		return;
+
+	dbent = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_temp_bytes += filesize;	/* needs check overflow */
+	dbent->n_temp_files++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -138,16 +161,15 @@ pgstat_report_tempfile(size_t filesize)
 void
 pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgConnect msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	if (!pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 		return;
 
 	pgLastSessionReportTime = MyStartTimestamp;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgConnect));
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbentry->n_sessions++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -156,15 +178,42 @@ pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid)
 void
 pgstat_report_disconnect(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDisconnect msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	if (!pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_cause = pgStatSessionEndCause;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgDisconnect));
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	switch (pgStatSessionEndCause)
+	{
+		case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
+		case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
+			/* we don't collect these */
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
+ * that the database doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
+ * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dboid)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, dboid, InvalidOid);
 }
 
 void
@@ -185,57 +234,47 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel)
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_send_tabstat: Handle xact commit/rollback and I/O
+ * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat(): Handle xact commit/rollback and I/O
  * timings.
  */
 void
-pgstat_update_dbstats(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now)
+pgstat_update_dbstats(TimestampTz now)
 {
-	if (OidIsValid(tsmsg->m_databaseid))
-	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = pgStatXactCommit;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = pgStatXactRollback;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = pgStatBlockReadTime;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = pgStatBlockWriteTime;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-		if (pgstat_should_report_connstat())
-		{
-			long		secs;
-			int			usecs;
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
 
-			/*
-			 * pgLastSessionReportTime is initialized to MyStartTimestamp by
-			 * pgstat_report_connect().
-			 */
-			TimestampDifference(pgLastSessionReportTime, now, &secs, &usecs);
-			pgLastSessionReportTime = now;
-			tsmsg->m_session_time = (PgStat_Counter) secs * 1000000 + usecs;
-			tsmsg->m_active_time = pgStatActiveTime;
-			tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			tsmsg->m_session_time = 0;
-			tsmsg->m_active_time = 0;
-			tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-		}
-		pgStatXactCommit = 0;
-		pgStatXactRollback = 0;
-		pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
-		pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
-		pgStatActiveTime = 0;
-		pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
-	}
-	else
+	/*
+	 * Accumulate xact commit/rollback and I/O timings to stats entry of the
+	 * current database.
+	 */
+	dbentry->n_xact_commit += pgStatXactCommit;
+	dbentry->n_xact_rollback += pgStatXactRollback;
+	dbentry->n_block_read_time += pgStatBlockReadTime;
+	dbentry->n_block_write_time += pgStatBlockWriteTime;
+
+	if (pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_session_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_active_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
+		long		secs;
+		int			usecs;
+
+		/*
+		 * pgLastSessionReportTime is initialized to MyStartTimestamp by
+		 * pgstat_report_connect().
+		 */
+		TimestampDifference(pgLastSessionReportTime, now, &secs, &usecs);
+		pgLastSessionReportTime = now;
+		dbentry->total_session_time += (PgStat_Counter) secs * 1000000 + usecs;
+		dbentry->total_active_time += pgStatActiveTime;
+		dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
 	}
+
+	pgStatXactCommit = 0;
+	pgStatXactRollback = 0;
+	pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
+	pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
+	pgStatActiveTime = 0;
+	pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -250,3 +289,111 @@ pgstat_should_report_connstat(void)
 {
 	return MyBackendType == B_BACKEND;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Find or create a local PgStat_StatDBEntry entry for dboid.
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, dboid, InvalidOid,
+										  NULL);
+
+	return entry_ref->pending;
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reset the database's reset timestamp, without resetting the contents of the
+ * database stats.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *dbref;
+	PgStatShared_Database *dbentry;
+
+	dbref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, MyDatabaseId, InvalidOid,
+										false);
+
+	dbentry = (PgStatShared_Database *) dbref->shared_stats;
+	dbentry->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(dbref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent;
+
+	pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
+	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
+
+#define PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(item)		\
+	(sharedent)->stats.item += (pendingent)->item
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_xact_commit);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_xact_rollback);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_hit);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_returned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_inserted);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_updated);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_deleted);
+
+	/* last_autovac_time is reported immediately */
+	Assert(pendingent->last_autovac_time == 0);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_tablespace);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_lock);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_snapshot);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_bufferpin);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_startup_deadlock);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_bytes);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_files);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_deadlocks);
+
+	/* checksum failures are reported immediately */
+	Assert(pendingent->n_checksum_failures == 0);
+	Assert(pendingent->last_checksum_failure == 0);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_block_read_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_block_write_time);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_session_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_active_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_idle_in_xact_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_abandoned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_fatal);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_killed);
+#undef PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+	memset(pendingent, 0, sizeof(*pendingent));
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	((PgStatShared_Database *) header)->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index ad9879afb2a..81d2d18b1f6 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -17,7 +17,9 @@
 
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "utils/inval.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/syscache.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
@@ -28,18 +30,6 @@
 int			pgstat_track_functions = TRACK_FUNC_OFF;
 
 
-/*
- * Indicates if backend has some function stats that it hasn't yet
- * sent to the collector.
- */
-bool		have_function_stats = false;
-
-/*
- * Backends store per-function info that's waiting to be sent to the collector
- * in this hash table (indexed by function OID).
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatFunctions = NULL;
-
 /*
  * Total time charged to functions so far in the current backend.
  * We use this to help separate "self" and "other" time charges.
@@ -61,6 +51,10 @@ pgstat_create_function(Oid proid)
 
 /*
  * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits.
+ *
+ * NB: This is only reliable because pgstat_init_function_usage() does some
+ * extra work. If other places start emitting function stats they likely need
+ * similar logic.
  */
 void
 pgstat_drop_function(Oid proid)
@@ -78,8 +72,9 @@ void
 pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 						   PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu)
 {
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *htabent;
-	bool		found;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *pending;
+	bool		created_entry;
 
 	if (pgstat_track_functions <= fcinfo->flinfo->fn_stats)
 	{
@@ -88,29 +83,48 @@ pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (!pgStatFunctions)
-	{
-		/* First time through - initialize function stat table */
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,
+										  MyDatabaseId,
+										  fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid,
+										  &created_entry);
 
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry);
-		pgStatFunctions = hash_create("Function stat entries",
-									  PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									  &hash_ctl,
-									  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
+	/*
+	 * If no shared entry already exists, check if the function has been
+	 * deleted concurrently. This can go unnoticed until here because
+	 * executing a statement that just calls a function, does not trigger
+	 * cache invalidation processing. The reason we care about this case is
+	 * that otherwise we could create a new stats entry for an already dropped
+	 * function (for relations etc this is not possible because emitting stats
+	 * requires a lock for the relation to already have been acquired).
+	 *
+	 * It's somewhat ugly to have a behavioural difference based on
+	 * track_functions being enabled/disabled. But it seems acceptable, given
+	 * that there's already behavioural differences depending on whether the
+	 * function is the caches etc.
+	 *
+	 * For correctness it'd be sufficient to set ->dropped to true. However,
+	 * the accepted invalidation will commonly cause "low level" failures in
+	 * PL code, with an OID in the error message. Making this harder to
+	 * test...
+	 */
+	if (created_entry)
+	{
+		AcceptInvalidationMessages();
+		if (!SearchSysCacheExists1(PROCOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid)))
+		{
+			pgstat_drop_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId,
+							  fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid);
+			ereport(ERROR, errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
+					errmsg("function call to dropped function"));
+		}
 	}
 
-	/* Get the stats entry for this function, create if necessary */
-	htabent = hash_search(pgStatFunctions, &fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid,
-						  HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-		MemSet(&htabent->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
+	pending = entry_ref->pending;
 
-	fcu->fs = &htabent->f_counts;
+	fcu->fs = &pending->f_counts;
 
 	/* save stats for this function, later used to compensate for recursion */
-	fcu->save_f_total_time = htabent->f_counts.f_total_time;
+	fcu->save_f_total_time = pending->f_counts.f_total_time;
 
 	/* save current backend-wide total time */
 	fcu->save_total = total_func_time;
@@ -167,64 +181,37 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
 		fs->f_numcalls++;
 	fs->f_total_time = f_total;
 	INSTR_TIME_ADD(fs->f_self_time, f_self);
-
-	/* indicate that we have something to send */
-	have_function_stats = true;
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: populate and send a function stat message
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
+bool
+pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
 {
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
-	static const PgStat_FunctionCounts all_zeroes;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *localent;
+	PgStatShared_Function *shfuncent;
 
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg;
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *entry;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
+	localent = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
+	shfuncent = (PgStatShared_Function *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return;
+	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
 
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, pgStatFunctions);
-	while ((entry = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		PgStat_FunctionEntry *m_ent;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_numcalls += localent->f_counts.f_numcalls;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_total_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_total_time);
+	shfuncent->stats.f_self_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_self_time);
 
-		/* Skip it if no counts accumulated since last time */
-		if (memcmp(&entry->f_counts, &all_zeroes,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts)) == 0)
-			continue;
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 
-		/* need to convert format of time accumulators */
-		m_ent = &msg.m_entry[msg.m_nentries];
-		m_ent->f_id = entry->f_id;
-		m_ent->f_numcalls = entry->f_counts.f_numcalls;
-		m_ent->f_total_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_total_time);
-		m_ent->f_self_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_self_time);
-
-		if (++msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES)
-		{
-			pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-						msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-
-		/* reset the entry's counts */
-		MemSet(&entry->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
-	}
-
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-					msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-
-	have_function_stats = false;
+	return true;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -235,12 +222,22 @@ pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *
 find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id)
 {
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
 
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
 
-	return (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_search(pgStatFunctions,
-													   (void *) &func_id,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
+	if (entry_ref)
+		return entry_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
+ */
+PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index 53080eadb89..039206e303b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 #include "access/twophase_rmgr.h"
 #include "access/xact.h"
+#include "catalog/partition.h"
 #include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
@@ -26,38 +27,6 @@
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
-/*
- * Structures in which backends store per-table info that's waiting to be
- * sent to the collector.
- *
- * NOTE: once allocated, TabStatusArray structures are never moved or deleted
- * for the life of the backend.  Also, we zero out the t_id fields of the
- * contained PgStat_TableStatus structs whenever they are not actively in use.
- * This allows relcache pgstat_info pointers to be treated as long-lived data,
- * avoiding repeated searches in pgstat_relation_init() when a relation is
- * repeatedly opened during a transaction.
- */
-#define TABSTAT_QUANTUM		100 /* we alloc this many at a time */
-
-
-typedef struct TabStatusArray
-{
-	struct TabStatusArray *tsa_next;	/* link to next array, if any */
-	int			tsa_used;		/* # entries currently used */
-	PgStat_TableStatus tsa_entries[TABSTAT_QUANTUM];	/* per-table data */
-} TabStatusArray;
-
-static TabStatusArray *pgStatTabList = NULL;
-
-/*
- * pgStatTabHash entry: map from relation OID to PgStat_TableStatus pointer
- */
-typedef struct TabStatHashEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *tsa_entry;
-} TabStatHashEntry;
-
 /* Record that's written to 2PC state file when pgstat state is persisted */
 typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 {
@@ -74,27 +43,13 @@ typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 } TwoPhasePgStatRecord;
 
 
-static PgStat_TableStatus *get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
-static void pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now);
+static PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_prep_relation_pending(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
 static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_level);
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_restore_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
 
 
-/*
- * Indicates if backend has some relation stats that it hasn't yet
- * sent to the collector.
- */
-bool		have_relation_stats;
-
-
-/*
- * Hash table for O(1) t_id -> tsa_entry lookup
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatTabHash = NULL;
-
-
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
  * CONCURRENTLY.
@@ -103,43 +58,44 @@ void
 pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dst, Relation src)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *srcstats;
+	PgStatShared_Relation *dstshstats;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *dst_ref;
 
-	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(RelationGetRelid(src));
-
+	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(src->rd_rel->relisshared,
+											  RelationGetRelid(src));
 	if (!srcstats)
 		return;
 
-	if (pgstat_relation_should_count(dst))
-	{
-		/*
-		 * XXX: temporarily this does not actually quite do what the name
-		 * says, and just copy index related fields. A subsequent commit will
-		 * do more.
-		 */
+	/*
+	 * XXX: Is it actually correct to copy all stats here? Probably fine with
+	 * current uses of stats for indexes, but what if we tracked bloat for
+	 * indexes via stats?
+	 */
+	dst_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
+										  dst->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+										  RelationGetRelid(dst),
+										  false);
 
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_numscans = srcstats->numscans;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_returned = srcstats->tuples_returned;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched = srcstats->tuples_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched = srcstats->blocks_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_hit = srcstats->blocks_hit;
+	dstshstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) dst_ref->shared_stats;
+	dstshstats->stats = *srcstats;
 
-		/* the data will be sent by the next pgstat_report_stat() call */
-	}
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(dst_ref);
 }
 
 /*
- * Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.
- * Called whenever a relation is opened.
+ * Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.  Called whenever a
+ * relation is opened.
  *
- * We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by
- * relcache.c when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived
- * data.  We can avoid repeated searches of the TabStatus arrays when the
- * same relation is touched repeatedly within a transaction.
+ * We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by relcache.c
+ * when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived data.
+ *
+ * This does not create a reference to a stats entry in shared memory, nor
+ * allocate memory for the pending stats. That happens in
+ * pgstat_relation_assoc().
  */
 void
 pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 {
-	Oid			rel_id = rel->rd_id;
 	char		relkind = rel->rd_rel->relkind;
 
 	/*
@@ -147,27 +103,68 @@ pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 	 */
 	if (!RELKIND_HAS_STORAGE(relkind) && relkind != RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE)
 	{
+		rel->pgstat_enabled = false;
 		rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 	{
+		if (rel->pgstat_info)
+			pgstat_relation_unlink(rel);
+
 		/* We're not counting at all */
+		rel->pgstat_enabled = false;
 		rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * If we already set up this relation in the current transaction, nothing
-	 * to do.
-	 */
-	if (rel->pgstat_info != NULL &&
-		rel->pgstat_info->t_id == rel_id)
-		return;
+	rel->pgstat_enabled = true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare for statistics for this relation to be collected.
+ *
+ * This ensures we have a reference to the stats entry before stats can be
+ * generated. That is important because a relation drop in another connection
+ * could otherwise lead to the stats entry being dropped, which then later
+ * would get recreated when flushing stats.
+ *
+ * This is separate from pgstat_relation_init() as it is not uncommon for
+ * relcache entries to be opened without ever getting stats reported.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel)
+{
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_enabled);
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info == NULL);
 
 	/* Else find or make the PgStat_TableStatus entry, and update link */
-	rel->pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rel_id, rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+	rel->pgstat_info = pgstat_prep_relation_pending(RelationGetRelid(rel),
+													rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+
+	/* don't allow link a stats to multiple relcache entries */
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == NULL);
+
+	/* mark this relation as the owner */
+	rel->pgstat_info->relation = rel;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Break the mutual link between a relcache entry and pending stats entry.
+ * This must be called whenever one end of the link is removed.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_relation_unlink(Relation rel)
+{
+	/* remove the link to stats info if any */
+	if (rel->pgstat_info == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	/* link sanity check */
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == rel);
+	rel->pgstat_info->relation = NULL;
+	rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -187,9 +184,26 @@ pgstat_create_relation(Relation rel)
 void
 pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel)
 {
+	int			nest_level = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info = rel->pgstat_info;
+
 	pgstat_drop_transactional(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
 							  rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
 							  RelationGetRelid(rel));
+
+	/*
+	 * Transactionally set counters to 0. That ensures that accesses to
+	 * pg_stat_xact_all_tables inside the transaction show 0.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_info &&
+		pgstat_info->trans != NULL &&
+		pgstat_info->trans->nest_level == nest_level)
+	{
+		pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(pgstat_info->trans, true);
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_inserted = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_updated = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_deleted = 0;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -200,16 +214,24 @@ pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel)
 void
 pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Database *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	/* can't get here in single user mode */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_start_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * End-of-vacuum is reported instantly. Report the start the same way for
+	 * consistency. Vacuum doesn't run frequently and is a long-lasting
+	 * operation so it doesn't matter if we get blocked here a little.
+	 */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE,
+											dboid, InvalidOid, false);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbentry = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	dbentry->stats.last_autovac_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -219,19 +241,52 @@ void
 pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
 					 PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Relation *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+	TimestampTz ts;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM);
-	msg.m_databaseid = shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = tableoid;
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_vacuumtime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* Store the data in the table's hash table entry. */
+	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/* block acquiring lock for the same reason as pgstat_report_autovac() */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
+											dboid, tableoid, false);
+
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
+
+	/*
+	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
+	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
+	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
+	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
+	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
+	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
+	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
+	 * stragglers.
+	 */
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
+
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
+	{
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
+	}
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -245,9 +300,12 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 					  PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples,
 					  bool resetcounter)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Relation *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -279,15 +337,39 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 		deadtuples = Max(deadtuples, 0);
 	}
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_resetcounter = resetcounter;
-	msg.m_analyzetime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* block acquiring lock for the same reason as pgstat_report_autovac() */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, dboid,
+											RelationGetRelid(rel),
+											false);
+	/* can't get dropped while accessed */
+	Assert(entry_ref != NULL && entry_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
+
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
+
+	/*
+	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
+	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
+	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
+	 */
+	if (resetcounter)
+		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
+
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
+	{
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->analyze_count++;
+	}
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -376,30 +458,61 @@ pgstat_update_heap_dead_tuples(Relation rel, int delta)
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
+ * that the table doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
+ * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
+{
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(false, relid);
+	if (tabentry != NULL)
+		return tabentry;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
+	 */
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(true, relid);
+	return tabentry;
+}
+
+/*
+ * More efficient version of pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(), allowing to specify
+ * whether the to-be-accessed table is a shared relation or not.
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(bool shared, Oid reloid)
+{
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+
+	return (PgStat_StatTabEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, dboid, reloid);
+}
+
 /*
  * find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
  *
- * If no entry, return NULL, don't create a new one
+ * Find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel_id in the current
+ * database. If not found, try finding from shared tables.
  *
- * Note: if we got an error in the most recent execution of pgstat_report_stat,
- * it's possible that an entry exists but there's no hashtable entry for it.
- * That's okay, we'll treat this case as "doesn't exist".
+ * If no entry found, return NULL, don't create a new one
  */
 PgStat_TableStatus *
 find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id)
 {
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
 
-	/* If hashtable doesn't exist, there are no entries at all */
-	if (!pgStatTabHash)
-		return NULL;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, MyDatabaseId, rel_id);
+	if (!entry_ref)
+		entry_ref = pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, InvalidOid, rel_id);
 
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (!hash_entry)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* Note that this step could also return NULL, but that's correct */
-	return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
+	if (entry_ref)
+		return entry_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -556,7 +669,7 @@ AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state)
 
 	for (trans = xact_state->first; trans != NULL; trans = trans->next)
 	{
-		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat;
+		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
 		TwoPhasePgStatRecord record;
 
 		Assert(trans->nest_level == 1);
@@ -614,7 +727,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_prep_relation_pending(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, commit case */
 	pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted += rec->tuples_inserted;
@@ -650,7 +763,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_prep_relation_pending(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, abort case */
 	if (rec->t_truncdropped)
@@ -667,204 +780,117 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: Send relation statistics
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
+ *
+ * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
+ * entry when successfully flushing.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_tabstats(TimestampTz now, bool disconnect)
+bool
+pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
 {
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
 	static const PgStat_TableCounts all_zeroes;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat regular_msg;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat shared_msg;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	int			i;
+	Oid			dboid;
+	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
+	PgStatShared_Relation *shtabstats;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
+
+	dboid = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
+	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
+	shtabstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
 	/*
-	 * Destroy pgStatTabHash before we start invalidating PgStat_TableEntry
-	 * entries it points to.  (Should we fail partway through the loop below,
-	 * it's okay to have removed the hashtable already --- the only
-	 * consequence is we'd get multiple entries for the same table in the
-	 * pgStatTabList, and that's safe.)
+	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
+	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
 	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash)
-		hash_destroy(pgStatTabHash);
-	pgStatTabHash = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * Scan through the TabStatusArray struct(s) to find tables that actually
-	 * have counts, and build messages to send.  We have to separate shared
-	 * relations from regular ones because the databaseid field in the message
-	 * header has to depend on that.
-	 */
-	regular_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	shared_msg.m_databaseid = InvalidOid;
-	regular_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-	shared_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	for (tsa = pgStatTabList; tsa != NULL; tsa = tsa->tsa_next)
+	if (memcmp(&lstats->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
 	{
-		for (i = 0; i < tsa->tsa_used; i++)
-		{
-			PgStat_TableStatus *entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[i];
-			PgStat_MsgTabstat *this_msg;
-			PgStat_TableEntry *this_ent;
-
-			/* Shouldn't have any pending transaction-dependent counts */
-			Assert(entry->trans == NULL);
-
-			/*
-			 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such
-			 * as indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
-			 */
-			if (memcmp(&entry->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * OK, insert data into the appropriate message, and send if full.
-			 */
-			this_msg = entry->t_shared ? &shared_msg : &regular_msg;
-			this_ent = &this_msg->m_entry[this_msg->m_nentries];
-			this_ent->t_id = entry->t_id;
-			memcpy(&this_ent->t_counts, &entry->t_counts,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts));
-			if (++this_msg->m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES)
-			{
-				pgstat_send_tabstat(this_msg, now);
-				this_msg->m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-		/* zero out PgStat_TableStatus structs after use */
-		MemSet(tsa->tsa_entries, 0,
-			   tsa->tsa_used * sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus));
-		tsa->tsa_used = 0;
+		return true;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Send partial messages.  Make sure that any pending xact commit/abort
-	 * and connection stats get counted, even if there are no table stats to
-	 * send.
-	 */
-	if (regular_msg.m_nentries > 0 ||
-		pgStatXactCommit > 0 || pgStatXactRollback > 0 || disconnect)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&regular_msg, now);
-	if (shared_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&shared_msg, now);
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
 
-	have_relation_stats = false;
+	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
+	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
+
+	tabentry->numscans += lstats->t_counts.t_numscans;
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
+
+	/*
+	 * If table was truncated or vacuum/analyze has ran, first reset the
+	 * live/dead counters.
+	 */
+	if (lstats->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
+	{
+		tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
+		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
+		tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
+	}
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
+	tabentry->changes_since_analyze += lstats->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
+	/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+	/* The entry is successfully flushed so the same to add to database stats */
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
+	dbentry->n_tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	return true;
 }
 
-/*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_send_tabstats: finish and send one tabstat message
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now)
+void
+pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
 {
-	int			n;
-	int			len;
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pending = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
 
-	/* It's unlikely we'd get here with no socket, but maybe not impossible */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Report and reset accumulated xact commit/rollback and I/O timings
-	 * whenever we send a normal tabstat message
-	 */
-	pgstat_update_dbstats(tsmsg, now);
-
-	n = tsmsg->m_nentries;
-	len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabstat, m_entry[0]) +
-		n * sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry);
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&tsmsg->m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT);
-	pgstat_send(tsmsg, len);
+	if (pending->relation)
+		pgstat_relation_unlink(pending->relation);
 }
 
 /*
- * find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
+ * Find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel. New entry is created and
+ * initialized if not exists.
  */
 static PgStat_TableStatus *
-get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
+pgstat_prep_relation_pending(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
 {
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *entry;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	bool		found;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pending;
 
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
+										  isshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+										  rel_id, NULL);
+	pending = entry_ref->pending;
+	pending->t_id = rel_id;
+	pending->t_shared = isshared;
 
-	have_relation_stats = true;
-
-	/*
-	 * Create hash table if we don't have it already.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		ctl;
-
-		ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		ctl.entrysize = sizeof(TabStatHashEntry);
-
-		pgStatTabHash = hash_create("pgstat TabStatusArray lookup hash table",
-									TABSTAT_QUANTUM,
-									&ctl,
-									HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Find an entry or create a new one.
-	 */
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		/* initialize new entry with null pointer */
-		hash_entry->tsa_entry = NULL;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If entry is already valid, we're done.
-	 */
-	if (hash_entry->tsa_entry)
-		return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Locate the first pgStatTabList entry with free space, making a new list
-	 * entry if needed.  Note that we could get an OOM failure here, but if so
-	 * we have left the hashtable and the list in a consistent state.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabList == NULL)
-	{
-		/* Set up first pgStatTabList entry */
-		pgStatTabList = (TabStatusArray *)
-			MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-								   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-	}
-
-	tsa = pgStatTabList;
-	while (tsa->tsa_used >= TABSTAT_QUANTUM)
-	{
-		if (tsa->tsa_next == NULL)
-			tsa->tsa_next = (TabStatusArray *)
-				MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-									   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-		tsa = tsa->tsa_next;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Allocate a PgStat_TableStatus entry within this list entry.  We assume
-	 * the entry was already zeroed, either at creation or after last use.
-	 */
-	entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[tsa->tsa_used++];
-	entry->t_id = rel_id;
-	entry->t_shared = isshared;
-
-	/*
-	 * Now we can fill the entry in pgStatTabHash.
-	 */
-	hash_entry->tsa_entry = entry;
-
-	return entry;
+	return pending;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c
index b1e894f2b21..c8c2aaadaa5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c
@@ -19,23 +19,20 @@
 
 #include "replication/slot.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"		/* for namestrcpy() */
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 
 
+static int	replslot_index(const char *name);
+
+
 /*
  * Reset counters for all replication slots.
  */
 void
 pgstat_reset_replslot_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER);
-	msg.clearall = true;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -48,18 +45,10 @@ void
 pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 {
 	ReplicationSlot *slot;
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg;
 
 	AssertArg(name != NULL);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check if the slot exists with the given name. It is possible that by
-	 * the time this message is executed the slot is dropped but at least this
-	 * check will ensure that the given name is for a valid slot.
-	 */
+	/* Check if the slot exits with the given name. */
 	slot = SearchNamedReplicationSlot(name, true);
 
 	if (!slot)
@@ -75,10 +64,9 @@ pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 	if (SlotIsPhysical(slot))
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, name);
-	msg.clearall = false;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* reset this one entry */
+	pgstat_reset_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+					   ReplicationSlotIndex(slot));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -87,24 +75,34 @@ pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 void
 pgstat_report_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_ReplSlot *shstatent;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+											ReplicationSlotIndex(slot), false);
+	shstatent = (PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	statent = &shstatent->stats;
 
 	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
+	 * Any mismatch should have been fixed in pgstat_create_replslot() or
+	 * pgstat_acquire_replslot().
 	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, NameStr(repSlotStat->slotname));
-	msg.m_create = false;
-	msg.m_drop = false;
-	msg.m_spill_txns = repSlotStat->spill_txns;
-	msg.m_spill_count = repSlotStat->spill_count;
-	msg.m_spill_bytes = repSlotStat->spill_bytes;
-	msg.m_stream_txns = repSlotStat->stream_txns;
-	msg.m_stream_count = repSlotStat->stream_count;
-	msg.m_stream_bytes = repSlotStat->stream_bytes;
-	msg.m_total_txns = repSlotStat->total_txns;
-	msg.m_total_bytes = repSlotStat->total_bytes;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	Assert(namestrcmp(&statent->slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name)) == 0);
+
+	/* Update the replication slot statistics */
+#define REPLSLOT_ACC(fld) statent->fld += repSlotStat->fld
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(spill_txns);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(spill_count);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(spill_bytes);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(stream_txns);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(stream_count);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(stream_bytes);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(total_txns);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(total_bytes);
+#undef REPLSLOT_ACC
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -116,26 +114,117 @@ pgstat_report_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *re
 void
 pgstat_create_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_ReplSlot *shstatent;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name));
-	msg.m_create = true;
-	msg.m_drop = false;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+											ReplicationSlotIndex(slot), false);
+	shstatent = (PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * NB: need to accept that there might be stats from an older slot, e.g.
+	 * if we previously crashed after dropping a slot.
+	 */
+	memset(&shstatent->stats, 0, sizeof(shstatent->stats));
+	namestrcpy(&shstatent->stats.slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name));
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Report replication slot has been acquired.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_acquire_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_ReplSlot *shstatent;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+											ReplicationSlotIndex(slot), false);
+	shstatent = (PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	statent = &shstatent->stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * NB: need to accept that there might be stats from an older slot, e.g.
+	 * if we previously crashed after dropping a slot.
+	 */
+	if (NameStr(statent->slotname)[0] == 0 ||
+		namestrcmp(&statent->slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name)) != 0)
+	{
+		memset(statent, 0, sizeof(*statent));
+		namestrcpy(&statent->slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name));
+	}
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
  * Report replication slot drop.
  */
 void
-pgstat_drop_replslot(const char *slotname)
+pgstat_drop_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, slotname);
-	msg.m_create = false;
-	msg.m_drop = true;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	pgstat_drop_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+					  ReplicationSlotIndex(slot));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the replication slot statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname)
+{
+	int			idx = replslot_index(NameStr(slotname));
+
+	if (idx == -1)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid, idx);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb(const PgStatShared_Common *header, NameData *name)
+{
+	namestrcpy(name, NameStr(((PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) header)->stats.slotname));
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb(const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key)
+{
+	int			idx = replslot_index(NameStr(*name));
+
+	/* slot might have been deleted */
+	if (idx == -1)
+		return false;
+
+	key->kind = PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT;
+	key->dboid = InvalidOid;
+	key->objoid = idx;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	((PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) header)->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+}
+
+static int
+replslot_index(const char *name)
+{
+	ReplicationSlot *slot;
+
+	AssertArg(name != NULL);
+
+	slot = SearchNamedReplicationSlot(name, true);
+
+	if (!slot)
+		return -1;
+
+	return ReplicationSlotIndex(slot);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d11b628710f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c
@@ -0,0 +1,998 @@
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ * pgstat_shmem.c
+ *	  Storage of stats entries in shared memory
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *	  src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c
+ * -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+#include "postgres.h"
+
+#include "access/transam.h"
+#include "access/xact.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
+#include "storage/shmem.h"
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
+#include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
+#include "common/hashfn.h"
+
+
+#define PGSTAT_ENTRY_REF_HASH_SIZE	128
+
+/* hash table entry for finding the PgStat_EntryRef for a key */
+typedef struct PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;			/* hash key */
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+} PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry;
+
+
+/* for references to shared statistics entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_entry_ref_hash
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStat_HashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	hash_bytes((unsigned char *)&key, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey))
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey)) == 0)
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
+
+
+static void pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid);
+
+static void pgstat_free_entry(PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent, dshash_seq_status *hstat);
+
+static void pgstat_release_entry_ref(PgStat_HashKey key, PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool discard_pending);
+static bool pgstat_need_entry_refs_gc(void);
+static void pgstat_gc_entry_refs(void);
+static void pgstat_release_all_entry_refs(bool discard_pending);
+typedef bool (*ReleaseMatchCB) (PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *, Datum data);
+static void pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs(bool discard_pending, ReleaseMatchCB match, Datum match_data);
+
+
+static void pgstat_setup_memcxt(void);
+
+
+/* parameter for the shared hash */
+static const dshash_parameters dsh_params = {
+	sizeof(PgStat_HashKey),
+	sizeof(PgStatShared_HashEntry),
+	dshash_memcmp,
+	dshash_memhash,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_HASH
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * Backend local references to shared stats entries. If there are pending
+ * updates to a stats entry, the PgStat_EntryRef is added to the pgStatPending
+ * list.
+ *
+ * When a stats entry is dropped each backend needs to release its reference
+ * to it before the memory can be released. To trigger that
+ * pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_count is incremented - which each backend compares to
+ * their copy of pgStatSharedRefAge on a regular basis.
+ */
+static pgstat_entry_ref_hash_hash *pgStatEntryRefHash = NULL;
+static int	pgStatSharedRefAge = 0; /* cache age of pgStatShmLookupCache */
+
+/*
+ * Memory contexts containing the pgStatEntryRefHash table and the
+ * pgStatSharedRef entries respectively. Kept separate to make it easier to
+ * track / attribute memory usage.
+ */
+static MemoryContext pgStatSharedRefContext = NULL;
+static MemoryContext pgStatEntryRefHashContext = NULL;
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Public functions called from postmaster follow
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The size of the shared memory allocation for stats stored in the shared
+ * stats hash table. This allocation will be done as part of the main shared
+ * memory, rather than dynamic shared memory, allowing it to be initialized in
+ * postmaster.
+ */
+static Size
+pgstat_dsa_init_size(void)
+{
+	Size		sz;
+
+	/*
+	 * The dshash header / initial buckets array needs to fit into "plain"
+	 * shared memory, but it's beneficial to not need dsm segments
+	 * immediately. A size of 256kB seems works well and is not
+	 * disproportional compared to other constant sized shared memory
+	 * allocations. NB: To avoid DSMs further, the user can configure
+	 * min_dynamic_shared_memory.
+	 */
+	sz = 256 * 1024;
+	Assert(dsa_minimum_size() <= sz);
+	return MAXALIGN(sz);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compute shared memory space needed for cumulative statistics
+ */
+Size
+StatsShmemSize(void)
+{
+	Size		sz;
+
+	sz = MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStat_ShmemControl));
+	sz = add_size(sz, pgstat_dsa_init_size());
+
+	return sz;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize cumulative statistics system during startup
+ */
+void
+StatsShmemInit(void)
+{
+	bool		found;
+	Size		sz;
+
+	sz = StatsShmemSize();
+	pgStatLocal.shmem = (PgStat_ShmemControl *)
+		ShmemInitStruct("Shared Memory Stats", sz, &found);
+
+	if (!IsUnderPostmaster)
+	{
+		dsa_area   *dsa;
+		dshash_table *dsh;
+		char	   *p = (char *) pgStatLocal.shmem;
+
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		/* the allocation of pgStatLocal.shmem itself */
+		p += MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStat_ShmemControl));
+
+		/*
+		 * Create a small dsa allocation in plain shared memory. Doing so
+		 * initially makes it easier to manage server startup, and it also is
+		 * a small efficiency win.
+		 */
+		pgStatLocal.shmem->raw_dsa_area = p;
+		p += MAXALIGN(pgstat_dsa_init_size());
+		dsa = dsa_create_in_place(pgStatLocal.shmem->raw_dsa_area,
+								  pgstat_dsa_init_size(),
+								  LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DSA, 0);
+		dsa_pin(dsa);
+
+		/*
+		 * To ensure dshash is created in "plain" shared memory, temporarily
+		 * limit size of dsa to the initial size of the dsa.
+		 */
+		dsa_set_size_limit(dsa, pgstat_dsa_init_size());
+
+		/*
+		 * With the limit in place, create the dshash table. XXX: It'd be nice
+		 * if there were dshash_create_in_place().
+		 */
+		dsh = dshash_create(dsa, &dsh_params, 0);
+		pgStatLocal.shmem->hash_handle = dshash_get_hash_table_handle(dsh);
+
+		/* lift limit set above */
+		dsa_set_size_limit(dsa, -1);
+
+		/*
+		 * Postmaster will never access these again, thus free the local
+		 * dsa/dshash references.
+		 */
+		dshash_detach(dsh);
+		dsa_detach(dsa);
+
+		pg_atomic_init_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_count, 1);
+
+
+		/*
+		 * Initialize global statistics.
+		 */
+
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->slru.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(found);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_attach_shmem(void)
+{
+	MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.dsa == NULL);
+
+	/* stats shared memory persists for the backend lifetime */
+	oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
+
+	pgStatLocal.dsa = dsa_attach_in_place(pgStatLocal.shmem->raw_dsa_area, NULL);
+	dsa_pin_mapping(pgStatLocal.dsa);
+
+	pgStatLocal.shared_hash = dshash_attach(pgStatLocal.dsa, &dsh_params,
+											pgStatLocal.shmem->hash_handle, 0);
+
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_detach_shmem(void)
+{
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.dsa);
+
+	/* we shouldn't leave references to shared stats */
+	pgstat_release_all_entry_refs(false);
+
+	dshash_detach(pgStatLocal.shared_hash);
+	pgStatLocal.shared_hash = NULL;
+
+	dsa_detach(pgStatLocal.dsa);
+	pgStatLocal.dsa = NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Maintenance of shared memory stats entries
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+PgStatShared_Common *
+pgstat_init_entry(PgStat_Kind kind,
+				  PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent)
+{
+	/* Create new stats entry. */
+	dsa_pointer chunk;
+	PgStatShared_Common *shheader;
+
+	/*
+	 * Initialize refcount to 1, marking it as valid / not tdroped. The entry
+	 * can't be freed before the initialization because it can't be found as
+	 * long as we hold the dshash partition lock. Caller needs to increase
+	 * further if a longer lived references is needed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_init_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+	shhashent->dropped = false;
+
+	chunk = dsa_allocate0(pgStatLocal.dsa, pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_size);
+	shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, chunk);
+	shheader->magic = 0xdeadbeef;
+
+	/* Link the new entry from the hash entry. */
+	shhashent->body = chunk;
+
+	LWLockInitialize(&shheader->lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+
+	return shheader;
+}
+
+/*
+ * There are legitimate cases where the old stats entry might not yet
+ * have been dropped by the time it's reused. The easiest case are
+ * replication slot stats. But oid wraparound can lead to other cases
+ * as well. We just reset the stats to their plain state.
+ */
+static PgStatShared_Common *
+pgstat_reinit_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common *shheader;
+
+	shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, shhashent->body);
+
+	/* mark as not dropped anymore */
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+	shhashent->dropped = false;
+
+	/* reinitialize content */
+	Assert(shheader->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+	memset(shheader, 0, pgstat_kind_info_for(shhashent->key.kind)->shared_size);
+	shheader->magic = 0xdeadbeef;
+
+	return shheader;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_setup_shared_refs(void)
+{
+	if (likely(pgStatEntryRefHash != NULL))
+		return;
+
+	pgStatEntryRefHash =
+		pgstat_entry_ref_hash_create(pgStatEntryRefHashContext,
+									 PGSTAT_ENTRY_REF_HASH_SIZE, NULL);
+	pgStatSharedRefAge = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_count);
+	Assert(pgStatSharedRefAge != 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function for pgstat_get_entry_ref().
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref,
+						 PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent,
+						 PgStatShared_Common *shheader)
+{
+	Assert(shheader->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+	Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&shhashent->refcount) > 0);
+
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+
+	dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shhashent);
+
+	entry_ref->shared_stats = shheader;
+	entry_ref->shared_entry = shhashent;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function for pgstat_get_entry_ref().
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_get_entry_ref_cached(PgStat_HashKey key, PgStat_EntryRef **entry_ref_p)
+{
+	bool		found;
+	PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *cache_entry;
+
+	/*
+	 * We immediately insert a cache entry, because it avoids 1) multiple
+	 * hashtable lookups in case of a cache miss 2) having to deal with
+	 * out-of-memory errors after incrementing PgStatShared_Common->refcount.
+	 */
+
+	cache_entry = pgstat_entry_ref_hash_insert(pgStatEntryRefHash, key, &found);
+
+	if (!found || !cache_entry->entry_ref)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+		cache_entry->entry_ref = entry_ref =
+			MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatSharedRefContext,
+							   sizeof(PgStat_EntryRef));
+		entry_ref->shared_stats = NULL;
+		entry_ref->shared_entry = NULL;
+		entry_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else if (cache_entry->entry_ref->shared_stats == NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(cache_entry->entry_ref->pending == NULL);
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
+
+		entry_ref = cache_entry->entry_ref;
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_entry != NULL);
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
+
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		/* should have at least our reference */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&entry_ref->shared_entry->refcount) > 0);
+	}
+
+	*entry_ref_p = cache_entry->entry_ref;
+	return found;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get a shared stats reference. If create is true, the shared stats object is
+ * created if it does not exist.
+ *
+ * When create is true, and created_entry is non-NULL, it'll be set to true
+ * if the entry is newly created, false otherwise.
+ */
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_get_entry_ref(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool create,
+					 bool *created_entry)
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key = {.kind = kind,.dboid = dboid,.objoid = objoid};
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent;
+	PgStatShared_Common *shheader = NULL;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	/*
+	 * passing in created_entry only makes sense if we possibly could create
+	 * entry.
+	 */
+	AssertArg(create || created_entry == NULL);
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash != NULL);
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
+	pgstat_setup_shared_refs();
+
+	if (created_entry != NULL)
+		*created_entry = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check if other backends dropped stats that could not be deleted because
+	 * somebody held references to it. If so, check this backend's references.
+	 * This is not expected to happen often. The location of the check is a
+	 * bit random, but this is a relatively frequently called path, so better
+	 * than most.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_need_entry_refs_gc())
+		pgstat_gc_entry_refs();
+
+	/*
+	 * First check the lookup cache hashtable in local memory. If we find a
+	 * match here we can avoid taking locks / causing contention.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_get_entry_ref_cached(key, &entry_ref))
+		return entry_ref;
+
+	Assert(entry_ref != NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Do a lookup in the hash table first - it's quite likely that the entry
+	 * already exists, and that way we only need a shared lock.
+	 */
+	shhashent = dshash_find(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, false);
+
+	if (create && !shhashent)
+	{
+		bool		shfound;
+
+		/*
+		 * It's possible that somebody created the entry since the above
+		 * lookup. If so, fall through to the same path as if we'd have if it
+		 * already had been created before the dshash_find() calls.
+		 */
+		shhashent = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, &shfound);
+		if (!shfound)
+		{
+			shheader = pgstat_init_entry(kind, shhashent);
+			pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(entry_ref, shhashent, shheader);
+
+			if (created_entry != NULL)
+				*created_entry = true;
+
+			return entry_ref;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!shhashent)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * If we're not creating, delete the reference again. In all
+		 * likelihood it's just a stats lookup - no point wasting memory for a
+		 * shared ref to nothing...
+		 */
+		pgstat_release_entry_ref(key, entry_ref, false);
+
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Can get here either because dshash_find() found a match, or if
+		 * dshash_find_or_insert() found a concurrently inserted entry.
+		 */
+
+		if (shhashent->dropped && create)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * There are legitimate cases where the old stats entry might not
+			 * yet have been dropped by the time it's reused. The easiest case
+			 * are replication slot stats. But oid wraparound can lead to
+			 * other cases as well. We just reset the stats to their plain
+			 * state.
+			 */
+			shheader = pgstat_reinit_entry(kind, shhashent);
+			pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(entry_ref, shhashent, shheader);
+
+			if (created_entry != NULL)
+				*created_entry = true;
+
+			return entry_ref;
+		}
+		else if (shhashent->dropped)
+		{
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shhashent);
+			pgstat_release_entry_ref(key, entry_ref, false);
+
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, shhashent->body);
+			pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(entry_ref, shhashent, shheader);
+
+			return entry_ref;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_release_entry_ref(PgStat_HashKey key, PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool discard_pending)
+{
+	if (entry_ref && entry_ref->pending)
+	{
+		if (discard_pending)
+			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
+		else
+			elog(ERROR, "releasing ref with pending data");
+	}
+
+	if (entry_ref && entry_ref->shared_stats)
+	{
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		Assert(entry_ref->pending == NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * This can't race with another backend looking up the stats entry and
+		 * increasing the refcount because it is not "legal" to create
+		 * additional references to dropped entries.
+		 */
+		if (pg_atomic_fetch_sub_u32(&entry_ref->shared_entry->refcount, 1) == 1)
+		{
+			PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent;
+
+			/*
+			 * We're the last referrer to this entry, try to drop the shared
+			 * entry.
+			 */
+
+			/* only dropped entries can reach a 0 refcount */
+			Assert(entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped);
+
+			shent = dshash_find(pgStatLocal.shared_hash,
+								&entry_ref->shared_entry->key,
+								true);
+			if (!shent)
+				elog(PANIC, "could not find just referenced shared stats entry");
+
+			/* ATODO: convert to assertion before commit */
+			if (pg_atomic_read_u32(&entry_ref->shared_entry->refcount) != 0)
+				elog(PANIC, "concurrent access to stats entry during deletion");
+
+			Assert(entry_ref->shared_entry == shent);
+
+			pgstat_free_entry(shent, NULL);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!pgstat_entry_ref_hash_delete(pgStatEntryRefHash, key))
+		elog(PANIC, "something has gone wrong");
+
+	if (entry_ref)
+		pfree(entry_ref);
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_lock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	LWLock	   *lock = &entry_ref->shared_stats->lock;
+
+	if (nowait)
+		return LWLockConditionalAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_unlock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
+{
+	LWLockRelease(&entry_ref->shared_stats->lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function to fetch and lock shared stats.
+ */
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	/* find shared table stats entry corresponding to the local entry */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, true, NULL);
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return entry_ref;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc(void)
+{
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_count, 1);
+}
+
+static bool
+pgstat_need_entry_refs_gc(void)
+{
+	uint64		curage;
+
+	if (!pgStatEntryRefHash)
+		return false;
+
+	/* should have been initialized when creating pgStatEntryRefHash */
+	Assert(pgStatSharedRefAge != 0);
+
+	curage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_count);
+
+	return pgStatSharedRefAge != curage;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_gc_entry_refs(void)
+{
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *ent;
+	uint64		curage;
+
+	curage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_count);
+	Assert(curage != 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Some entries have been dropped. Invalidate cache pointer to them.
+	 */
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i);
+	while ((ent = pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref = ent->entry_ref;
+
+		Assert(!entry_ref->shared_stats || entry_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+
+		if (!entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		/* cannot gc shared ref that has pending data */
+		if (entry_ref->pending != NULL)
+			continue;
+
+		pgstat_release_entry_ref(ent->key, entry_ref, false);
+	}
+
+	pgStatSharedRefAge = curage;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs(bool discard_pending, ReleaseMatchCB match, Datum match_data)
+{
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *ent;
+
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i);
+
+	while ((ent = pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i))
+		   != NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(ent->entry_ref != NULL);
+
+		if (match && !match(ent, match_data))
+			continue;
+
+		pgstat_release_entry_ref(ent->key, ent->entry_ref, discard_pending);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Release all local references to shared stats entries.
+ *
+ * When a process exits it cannot do so while still holding references onto
+ * stats entries, otherwise the shared stats entries could never be freed.
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_release_all_entry_refs(bool discard_pending)
+{
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs(discard_pending, NULL, 0);
+	Assert(pgStatEntryRefHash->members == 0);
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_destroy(pgStatEntryRefHash);
+	pgStatEntryRefHash = NULL;
+}
+
+static bool
+match_db(PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *ent, Datum match_data)
+{
+	Oid			dboid = DatumGetObjectId(match_data);
+
+	return ent->key.dboid == dboid;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_release_db_entry_refs(Oid dboid)
+{
+	pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs( /* discard pending = */ true,
+									   match_db,
+									   ObjectIdGetDatum(dboid));
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Dropping and resetting of stats entries
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+static void
+pgstat_free_entry(PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent, dshash_seq_status *hstat)
+{
+	dsa_pointer pdsa;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fetch dsa pointer before deleting entry - that way we can free the
+	 * memory after releasing the lock.
+	 */
+	pdsa = shent->body;
+
+	if (!hstat)
+		dshash_delete_entry(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shent);
+	else
+		dshash_delete_current(hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * XXX: Might be worth adding some frobbing of the allocation before
+	 * freeing, to make it easier to detect use-after-free style bugs.
+	 */
+	dsa_free(pgStatLocal.dsa, pdsa);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper for both pgstat_drop_database_and_contents() and
+ * pgstat_drop_entry(). If hstat is non-null delete the shared entry using
+ * dshash_delete_current(), otherwise use dshash_delete_entry(). In either
+ * case the entry needs to be already locked.
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_drop_entry_internal(PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent, dshash_seq_status *hstat)
+{
+	Assert(shent->body != InvalidDsaPointer);
+
+	/* should already have released local reference */
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash)
+		Assert(!pgstat_entry_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatEntryRefHash, shent->key));
+
+	/*
+	 * Signal that the entry is dropped - this will eventually cause other
+	 * backends to release their references.
+	 */
+	if (shent->dropped)
+		elog(ERROR, "can only drop stats once");
+	shent->dropped = true;
+
+	/* release refcount marking entry as not dropped */
+	if (pg_atomic_sub_fetch_u32(&shent->refcount, 1) == 0)
+	{
+		pgstat_free_entry(shent, hstat);
+		return true;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (!hstat)
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shent);
+		return false;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Drop stats for the database and all the objects inside that database.
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+	uint64		not_freed_count = 0;
+
+	Assert(OidIsValid(dboid));
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash != NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * This backend might very well be the only backend holding a reference to
+	 * about-to-be-dropped entries. Ensure that we're not preventing it from
+	 * being cleaned up till later.
+	 *
+	 * Doing this separately from the dshash iteration below avoids having to
+	 * do so while holding a partition lock on the shared hashtable.
+	 */
+	pgstat_release_db_entry_refs(dboid);
+
+	/* some of the dshash entries are to be removed, take exclusive lock. */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, true);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->key.dboid != dboid)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!pgstat_drop_entry_internal(p, &hstat))
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Even statistics for a dropped database might currently be
+			 * accessed (consider e.g. database stats for pg_stat_database).
+			 */
+			not_freed_count++;
+		}
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * If some of the stats data could not be freed, signal the reference
+	 * holders to run garbage collection of their cached pgStatShmLookupCache.
+	 */
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_drop_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key = {.kind = kind,.dboid = dboid,.objoid = objoid};
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent;
+	bool		freed = true;
+
+	/* delete local reference */
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *lohashent =
+		pgstat_entry_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatEntryRefHash, key);
+
+		if (lohashent)
+			pgstat_release_entry_ref(lohashent->key, lohashent->entry_ref, true);
+	}
+
+	/* mark entry in shared hashtable as deleted, drop if possible */
+	shent = dshash_find(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, true);
+	if (shent)
+	{
+		freed = pgstat_drop_entry_internal(shent, NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * Database stats contain other stats. Drop those as well when
+		 * dropping the database. XXX: Perhaps this should be done in a
+		 * slightly more principled way? But not obvious what that'd look
+		 * like, and so far this is the only case...
+		 */
+		if (key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE)
+			pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(key.dboid);
+	}
+
+	return freed;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The length of the data portion of a shared memory stats entry (i.e. without
+ * transient data such as refcoutns, lwlocks, ...).
+ */
+static inline size_t
+shared_stat_entry_len(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	return pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a pointer to the data portion of a shared memory stats entry.
+ */
+static inline void *
+shared_stat_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry)
+{
+	size_t		off = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_off;
+
+	Assert(off != 0 && off < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return ((char *) (entry)) + off;
+}
+
+static void
+shared_stat_reset_contents(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *header)
+{
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	memset(shared_stat_entry_data(kind, header), 0,
+		   shared_stat_entry_len(kind));
+
+	if (kind_info->reset_timestamp_cb)
+		kind_info->reset_timestamp_cb(header, ts);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reset one non-global shared stat entry.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_reset_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL);
+	if (!entry_ref || entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, false);
+	shared_stat_reset_contents(kind, entry_ref->shared_stats);
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Scan through the shared hashtable of stats, resetting statistics if
+ * approved by the provided do_reset() function.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_reset_matching_entries(bool (*do_reset) (PgStatShared_HashEntry *, Datum), Datum match_data)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+
+	/* dshash entry is not modified, take shared lock */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStatShared_Common *header;
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!do_reset(p, match_data))
+			continue;
+
+		header = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, p->body);
+
+		LWLockAcquire(&header->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+		shared_stat_reset_contents(p->key.kind, header);
+
+		LWLockRelease(&header->lock);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+}
+
+static bool
+match_kind(PgStatShared_HashEntry *p, Datum match_data)
+{
+	return p->key.kind == DatumGetInt32(match_data);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	pgstat_reset_matching_entries(match_kind, Int32GetDatum(kind));
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_setup_memcxt(void)
+{
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatSharedRefContext))
+		pgStatSharedRefContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "PgStat Shared Ref",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatEntryRefHashContext))
+		pgStatEntryRefHashContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "PgStat Shared Ref Hash",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c
index 9cb9aeb890d..63810ec2db7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c
@@ -18,18 +18,21 @@
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
-static inline PgStat_MsgSLRU *slru_entry(int slru_idx);
+static inline PgStat_SLRUStats *slru_entry(int slru_idx);
+static void pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(int index, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
 /*
- * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be sent to the collector.  These are
- * stored directly in stats message format so they can be sent without needing
- * to copy things around.  We assume this variable inits to zeroes.  Entries
- * are one-to-one with slru_names[].
+ * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be flushed out.  We assume this variable
+ * inits to zeroes.  Entries are one-to-one with slru_names[].  Changes of
+ * SLRU counters are reported within critical sections so we use static memory
+ * in order to avoid memory allocation.
  */
-static PgStat_MsgSLRU SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+static PgStat_SLRUStats pending_SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+bool		have_slrustats = false;
 
 
 /*
@@ -41,17 +44,11 @@ static PgStat_MsgSLRU SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
 void
 pgstat_reset_slru_counter(const char *name)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
 	AssertArg(name != NULL);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_index = pgstat_slru_index(name);
-
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(pgstat_slru_index(name), ts);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -61,43 +58,55 @@ pgstat_reset_slru_counter(const char *name)
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_zeroed(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_zeroed += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_zeroed += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_hit(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_hit += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_hit += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_exists(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_exists += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_exists += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_read(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_read += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_read += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_written(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_written += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_written += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_flush(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_flush += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->flush += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_truncate(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_truncate += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->truncate += 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the slru statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_SLRUStats *
+pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU);
+
+	return pgStatLocal.snapshot.slru;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -135,45 +144,83 @@ pgstat_slru_index(const char *name)
 }
 
 /*
- * Send SLRU statistics to the collector
+ * Flush out locally pending SLRU stats entries
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true. Writer processes are mutually excluded
+ * using LWLock, but readers are expected to use change-count protocol to avoid
+ * interference with writers.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns true if the lock could not be
+ * acquired. Otherwise return false.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_slru(void)
+bool
+pgstat_slru_flush(bool nowait)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgSLRU all_zeroes;
+	PgStatShared_SLRU *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->slru;
+	int			i;
 
-	for (int i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+	if (!have_slrustats)
+		return false;
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+
+
+	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-		 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-		 * collector.
-		 */
-		if (memcmp(&SLRUStats[i], &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU)) == 0)
-			continue;
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *sharedent = &stats_shmem->stats[i];
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *pendingent = &pending_SLRUStats[i];
 
-		/* set the SLRU type before each send */
-		SLRUStats[i].m_index = i;
-
-		/*
-		 * Prepare and send the message
-		 */
-		pgstat_setheader(&SLRUStats[i].m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU);
-		pgstat_send(&SLRUStats[i], sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
-
-		/*
-		 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
-		 */
-		MemSet(&SLRUStats[i], 0, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
+#define SLRU_ACC(fld) sharedent->fld += pendingent->fld
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_zeroed);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_hit);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_read);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_written);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_exists);
+		SLRU_ACC(flush);
+		SLRU_ACC(truncate);
+#undef SLRU_ACC
 	}
+
+	/* done, clear the pending entry */
+	MemSet(pending_SLRUStats, 0, sizeof(pending_SLRUStats));
+
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	have_slrustats = false;
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	for (int i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+		pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(i, now);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_SLRU *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->slru;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+
+	memcpy(pgStatLocal.snapshot.slru, &stats_shmem->stats,
+		   sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
 }
 
 /*
  * Returns pointer to entry with counters for given SLRU (based on the name
  * stored in SlruCtl as lwlock tranche name).
  */
-static inline PgStat_MsgSLRU *
+static inline PgStat_SLRUStats *
 slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 {
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
@@ -186,5 +233,20 @@ slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 
 	Assert((slru_idx >= 0) && (slru_idx < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS));
 
-	return &SLRUStats[slru_idx];
+	have_slrustats = true;
+
+	return &pending_SLRUStats[slru_idx];
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(int index, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	PgStatShared_SLRU *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->slru;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	memset(&stats_shmem->stats[index], 0, sizeof(PgStat_SLRUStats));
+	stats_shmem->stats[index].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
index d1d8c0ecfd2..ec47ab26455 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -26,14 +27,7 @@
 void
 pgstat_reset_subscription_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	msg.m_subid = InvalidOid;
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -45,14 +39,7 @@ pgstat_reset_subscription_counters(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION, InvalidOid, subid);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -61,12 +48,17 @@ pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid)
 void
 pgstat_report_subscription_error(Oid subid, bool is_apply_error)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *pending;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR);
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	msg.m_is_apply_error = is_apply_error;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError));
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION,
+										  InvalidOid, subid, NULL);
+	pending = entry_ref->pending;
+
+	if (is_apply_error)
+		pending->apply_error_count++;
+	else
+		pending->sync_error_count++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -89,12 +81,52 @@ pgstat_create_subscription(Oid subid)
 void
 pgstat_drop_subscription(Oid subid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP);
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop));
-
 	pgstat_drop_transactional(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION,
 							  InvalidOid, subid);
 }
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one subscription or NULL.
+ */
+PgStat_StatSubEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatSubEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION, InvalidOid, subid);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *localent;
+	PgStatShared_Subscription *shsubent;
+
+	localent = (PgStat_BackendSubEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
+	shsubent = (PgStatShared_Subscription *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	/* localent always has non-zero content */
+
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
+
+#define SUB_ACC(fld) shsubent->stats.fld += localent->fld
+	SUB_ACC(apply_error_count);
+	SUB_ACC(sync_error_count);
+#undef SUB_ACC
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	((PgStatShared_Subscription *) header)->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c
index 8680809deef..ceb6709aada 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c
@@ -21,13 +21,7 @@
 #include "executor/instrument.h"
 
 
-/*
- * WAL global statistics counters.  Stored directly in a stats message
- * structure so they can be sent without needing to copy things around.  We
- * assume these init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
-
+PgStat_WalStats PendingWalStats = {0};
 
 /*
  * WAL usage counters saved from pgWALUsage at the previous call to
@@ -39,101 +33,99 @@ static WalUsage prevWalUsage;
 
 
 /*
- * Send WAL statistics to the collector.
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased and update
+ * shared statistics.
  *
- * If 'force' is not set, WAL stats message is only sent if enough time has
- * passed since last one was sent to reach PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.
+ * Must be called by processes that generate WAL.
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_wal(bool force)
 {
-	static TimestampTz sendTime = 0;
+	pgstat_flush_wal(force);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the WAL statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_WalStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_WAL);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased by substracting the
+ * previous counters from the current ones.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns true if the lock could not be
+ * acquired. Otherwise return false.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait)
+{
+	WalUsage	diff = {0};
+
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shmem != NULL &&
+		   !pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
 
 	/*
-	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
-	 *
-	 * Check wal_records counter to determine whether any WAL activity has
-	 * happened since last time. Note that other WalUsage counters don't need
-	 * to be checked because they are incremented always together with
-	 * wal_records counter.
-	 *
-	 * m_wal_buffers_full also doesn't need to be checked because it's
-	 * incremented only when at least one WAL record is generated (i.e.,
-	 * wal_records counter is incremented). But for safely, we assert that
-	 * m_wal_buffers_full is always zero when no WAL record is generated
-	 *
-	 * This function can be called by a process like walwriter that normally
-	 * generates no WAL records. To determine whether any WAL activity has
-	 * happened at that process since the last time, the numbers of WAL writes
-	 * and syncs are also checked.
+	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. Avoid
+	 * taking lock for nothing in that case.
 	 */
-	if (pgWalUsage.wal_records == prevWalUsage.wal_records &&
-		WalStats.m_wal_write == 0 && WalStats.m_wal_sync == 0)
-	{
-		Assert(WalStats.m_wal_buffers_full == 0);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (!force)
-	{
-		TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		/*
-		 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-		 * msec since we last sent one to avoid overloading the stats
-		 * collector.
-		 */
-		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(sendTime, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-			return;
-		sendTime = now;
-	}
+	if (!pgstat_wal_pending())
+		return false;
 
 	/*
-	 * Set the counters related to generated WAL data if the counters were
-	 * updated.
+	 * We don't update the WAL usage portion of the local WalStats elsewhere.
+	 * Calculate how much WAL usage counters were increased by subtracting the
+	 * previous counters from the current ones.
 	 */
-	if (pgWalUsage.wal_records != prevWalUsage.wal_records)
-	{
-		WalUsage	walusage;
+	WalUsageAccumDiff(&diff, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
+	PendingWalStats.wal_records = diff.wal_records;
+	PendingWalStats.wal_fpi = diff.wal_fpi;
+	PendingWalStats.wal_bytes = diff.wal_bytes;
 
-		/*
-		 * Calculate how much WAL usage counters were increased by subtracting
-		 * the previous counters from the current ones. Fill the results in
-		 * WAL stats message.
-		 */
-		MemSet(&walusage, 0, sizeof(WalUsage));
-		WalUsageAccumDiff(&walusage, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
 
-		WalStats.m_wal_records = walusage.wal_records;
-		WalStats.m_wal_fpi = walusage.wal_fpi;
-		WalStats.m_wal_bytes = walusage.wal_bytes;
+#define WALSTAT_ACC(fld) pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.stats.fld += PendingWalStats.fld
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_records);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_fpi);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_bytes);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_buffers_full);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_write);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_sync);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_write_time);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_sync_time);
+#undef WALSTAT_ACC
 
-		/*
-		 * Save the current counters for the subsequent calculation of WAL
-		 * usage.
-		 */
-		prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
-	}
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock);
 
 	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
+	 * Save the current counters for the subsequent calculation of WAL usage.
 	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&WalStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL);
-	pgstat_send(&WalStats, sizeof(WalStats));
+	prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
-	MemSet(&WalStats, 0, sizeof(WalStats));
+	MemSet(&PendingWalStats, 0, sizeof(PendingWalStats));
+
+	return false;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_wal_initialize(void)
 {
 	/*
-	 * Initialize prevWalUsage with pgWalUsage so that pgstat_report_wal() can
+	 * Initialize prevWalUsage with pgWalUsage so that pgstat_flush_wal() can
 	 * calculate how much pgWalUsage counters are increased by subtracting
 	 * prevWalUsage from pgWalUsage.
 	 */
@@ -151,6 +143,28 @@ bool
 pgstat_wal_pending(void)
 {
 	return pgWalUsage.wal_records != prevWalUsage.wal_records ||
-		WalStats.m_wal_write != 0 ||
-		WalStats.m_wal_sync != 0;
+		PendingWalStats.wal_write != 0 ||
+		PendingWalStats.wal_sync != 0;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Wal *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->wal;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	memset(&stats_shmem->stats, 0, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	stats_shmem->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Wal *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->wal;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal, &stats_shmem->stats,
+		   sizeof(pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c
index 5d3c184efb2..a1697ff8b37 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ static void
 AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 {
 	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+	int			not_freed_count = 0;
 
 	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
 	{
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 	{
 		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
 		dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+		xl_xact_stats_item *it = &pending->item;
 
 		if (isCommit && !pending->is_create)
 		{
@@ -86,7 +88,8 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 			 * Transaction that dropped an object committed. Drop the stats
 			 * too.
 			 */
-			/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+				not_freed_count++;
 		}
 		else if (!isCommit && pending->is_create)
 		{
@@ -94,13 +97,17 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 			 * Transaction that created an object aborted. Drop the stats
 			 * associated with the object.
 			 */
-			/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+				not_freed_count++;
 		}
 
 		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
 		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
 		pfree(pending);
 	}
+
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -135,6 +142,7 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 {
 	PgStat_SubXactStatus *parent_xact_state;
 	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+	int			not_freed_count = 0;
 
 	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
 		return;
@@ -145,6 +153,7 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 	{
 		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
 		dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+		xl_xact_stats_item *it = &pending->item;
 
 		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
 		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
@@ -155,7 +164,8 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 			 * Subtransaction creating a new stats object aborted. Drop the
 			 * stats object.
 			 */
-			/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+				not_freed_count++;
 			pfree(pending);
 		}
 		else if (isCommit)
@@ -175,6 +185,8 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 	}
 
 	Assert(xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0);
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -304,13 +316,21 @@ pgstat_get_transactional_drops(bool isCommit, xl_xact_stats_item **items)
 void
 pgstat_execute_transactional_drops(int ndrops, struct xl_xact_stats_item *items, bool is_redo)
 {
+	int			not_freed_count = 0;
+
 	if (ndrops == 0)
 		return;
 
 	for (int i = 0; i < ndrops; i++)
 	{
-		/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+		xl_xact_stats_item *it = &items[i];
+
+		if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+			not_freed_count++;
 	}
+
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
 }
 
 static void
@@ -342,6 +362,17 @@ create_drop_transactional_internal(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool
 void
 pgstat_create_transactional(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
 {
+	if (pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL))
+	{
+		Oid			msg_oid = (kind == PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE) ? dboid : objoid;
+
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errmsg("Resetting existing stats for %s with OID %d.",
+					   (pgstat_kind_info_for(kind))->name, msg_oid));
+
+		pgstat_reset_entry(kind, dboid, objoid);
+	}
+
 	create_drop_transactional_internal(kind, dboid, objoid, /* create */ true);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
index 1c8aba49259..87c15b9c6f3 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
@@ -230,9 +230,6 @@ pgstat_get_wait_activity(WaitEventActivity w)
 		case WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN:
 			event_name = "LogicalLauncherMain";
 			break;
-		case WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN:
-			event_name = "PgStatMain";
-			break;
 		case WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM:
 			event_name = "RecoveryWalStream";
 			break;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
index 02676bf01dc..848f410c96b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
@@ -2047,7 +2047,15 @@ pg_stat_get_xact_function_self_time(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(pgstat_fetch_global()->stats_timestamp);
+	bool		have_snapshot;
+	TimestampTz ts;
+
+	ts = pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(&have_snapshot);
+
+	if (!have_snapshot)
+		PG_RETURN_NULL();
+
+	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(ts);
 }
 
 /* Discard the active statistics snapshot */
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
index a15ce9edb13..294395058e0 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
 #include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
 #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
 #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
 #include "rewrite/rewriteDefine.h"
 #include "rewrite/rowsecurity.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
@@ -2409,6 +2410,9 @@ RelationDestroyRelation(Relation relation, bool remember_tupdesc)
 	 */
 	RelationCloseSmgr(relation);
 
+	/* break mutual link with stats entry */
+	pgstat_relation_unlink(relation);
+
 	/*
 	 * Free all the subsidiary data structures of the relcache entry, then the
 	 * entry itself.
@@ -2718,6 +2722,7 @@ RelationClearRelation(Relation relation, bool rebuild)
 		SWAPFIELD(Oid, rd_toastoid);
 		/* pgstat_info must be preserved */
 		SWAPFIELD(struct PgStat_TableStatus *, pgstat_info);
+		SWAPFIELD(bool, pgstat_enabled);
 		/* preserve old partition key if we have one */
 		if (keep_partkey)
 		{
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
index 3419c099b28..1a5d29ac9ba 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t LogMemoryContextPending = false;
+volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile uint32 InterruptHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 QueryCancelHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 CritSectionCount = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
index bdc77af7194..0d3cfe8240b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
@@ -288,9 +288,6 @@ GetBackendTypeDesc(BackendType backendType)
 		case B_ARCHIVER:
 			backendDesc = "archiver";
 			break;
-		case B_STATS_COLLECTOR:
-			backendDesc = "stats collector";
-			break;
 		case B_LOGGER:
 			backendDesc = "logger";
 			break;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
index 6452b42dbff..824bc97b031 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ static void StatementTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void LockTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
+static void IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void);
 static bool ThereIsAtLeastOneRole(void);
 static void process_startup_options(Port *port, bool am_superuser);
@@ -725,6 +726,8 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 						IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, IdleSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT, ClientCheckTimeoutHandler);
+		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+						IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -752,6 +755,7 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 		 * Use before_shmem_exit() so that ShutdownXLOG() can rely on DSM
 		 * segments etc to work (which in turn is required for pgstats).
 		 */
+		before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
 		before_shmem_exit(ShutdownXLOG, 0);
 	}
 
@@ -1352,6 +1356,14 @@ IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void)
 	SetLatch(MyLatch);
 }
 
+static void
+IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void)
+{
+	IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = true;
+	InterruptPending = true;
+	SetLatch(MyLatch);
+}
+
 static void
 ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index 9e8ab1420d9..bbb156e0dfe 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -374,6 +374,16 @@ static const struct config_enum_entry track_function_options[] = {
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(track_function_options) == (TRACK_FUNC_ALL + 2),
 				 "array length mismatch");
 
+static const struct config_enum_entry stats_fetch_consistency[] = {
+	{"none", PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE, false},
+	{"cache", PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE, false},
+	{"snapshot", PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT, false},
+	{NULL, 0, false}
+};
+
+StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(stats_fetch_consistency) == (PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT + 2),
+				 "array length mismatch");
+
 static const struct config_enum_entry xmlbinary_options[] = {
 	{"base64", XMLBINARY_BASE64, false},
 	{"hex", XMLBINARY_HEX, false},
@@ -4917,6 +4927,17 @@ static struct config_enum ConfigureNamesEnum[] =
 		NULL, NULL, NULL
 	},
 
+
+	{
+		{"stats_fetch_consistency", PGC_USERSET, STATS_COLLECTOR,
+			gettext_noop("Sets the consistency of accesses to statistics data"),
+			NULL
+		},
+		&pgstat_fetch_consistency,
+		PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE, stats_fetch_consistency,
+		NULL, NULL, NULL
+	},
+
 	{
 		{"wal_compression", PGC_SUSET, WAL_SETTINGS,
 			gettext_noop("Compresses full-page writes written in WAL file with specified method."),
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
index 93d221a37b1..5f9a37bed3b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
@@ -614,6 +614,7 @@
 #track_wal_io_timing = off
 #track_functions = none			# none, pl, all
 #stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
+#stats_fetch_consistency = none
 
 
 # - Monitoring -
diff --git a/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out b/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out
index 206c0a126e5..a10f8214ce2 100644
--- a/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out
+++ b/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ SELECT slot_name, spill_txns > 0 AS spill_txns, spill_count > 0 AS spill_count F
 -- Ensure stats can be repeatedly accessed using the same stats snapshot. See
 -- https://postgr.es/m/20210317230447.c7uc4g3vbs4wi32i%40alap3.anarazel.de
 BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT slot_name FROM pg_stat_replication_slots;
        slot_name       
 -----------------------
diff --git a/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql b/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql
index 67462ca27f7..08616a2f965 100644
--- a/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql
+++ b/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ SELECT slot_name, spill_txns > 0 AS spill_txns, spill_count > 0 AS spill_count F
 -- Ensure stats can be repeatedly accessed using the same stats snapshot. See
 -- https://postgr.es/m/20210317230447.c7uc4g3vbs4wi32i%40alap3.anarazel.de
 BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT slot_name FROM pg_stat_replication_slots;
 SELECT slot_name FROM pg_stat_replication_slots;
 COMMIT;
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index 3b9172f65bd..7c9469fb447 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -1110,10 +1110,6 @@ postgres   27093  0.0  0.0  30096  2752 ?        Ss   11:34   0:00 postgres: ser
       <entry><literal>LogicalLauncherMain</literal></entry>
       <entry>Waiting in main loop of logical replication launcher process.</entry>
      </row>
-     <row>
-      <entry><literal>PgStatMain</literal></entry>
-      <entry>Waiting in main loop of statistics collector process.</entry>
-     </row>
      <row>
       <entry><literal>RecoveryWalStream</literal></entry>
       <entry>Waiting in main loop of startup process for WAL to arrive, during
@@ -2115,6 +2111,18 @@ postgres   27093  0.0  0.0  30096  2752 ?        Ss   11:34   0:00 postgres: ser
       <entry>Waiting to access the list of predicate locks held by
        serializable transactions.</entry>
      </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>PgStatsDSA</literal></entry>
+      <entry>Waiting for stats dynamic shared memory allocator access</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>PgStatsHash</literal></entry>
+      <entry>Waiting for stats shared memory hash table access</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>PgStatsData</literal></entry>
+      <entry>Waiting fo shared memory stats data access</entry>
+     </row>
      <row>
       <entry><literal>SerializableXactHash</literal></entry>
       <entry>Waiting to read or update information about serializable
@@ -5142,7 +5150,8 @@ SELECT pid, wait_event_type, wait_event FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE wait_event i
         <returnvalue>timestamp with time zone</returnvalue>
        </para>
        <para>
-        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot.
+        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot, or NULL if
+        no statistics snapshot has been taken.
        </para></entry>
       </row>
 
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
index 57550d49e77..2f824258cd6 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 -- for the moment, we don't want index-only scans here
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
 declare
@@ -34,6 +37,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- We don't want to wait forever.  No timeout suffices if the OS drops our
   -- stats traffic because an earlier test file left a full UDP buffer.
   -- Hence, don't use PG_TEST_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, which may be large for
@@ -163,6 +168,8 @@ SELECT wait_for_stats();
 (1 row)
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -202,6 +209,7 @@ FROM prevstats AS pr;
  t
 (1 row)
 
+COMMIT;
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
 -- test BRIN index doesn't block HOT update - we include this test here, as it
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
index 7e746dca3b7..4f33ea6a7c8 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
 
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
@@ -33,6 +36,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- We don't want to wait forever.  No timeout suffices if the OS drops our
   -- stats traffic because an earlier test file left a full UDP buffer.
   -- Hence, don't use PG_TEST_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, which may be large for
@@ -158,6 +163,9 @@ RESET enable_bitmapscan;
 SELECT wait_for_stats();
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -177,6 +185,8 @@ SELECT st.heap_blks_read + st.heap_blks_hit >= pr.heap_blks + cl.relpages,
 SELECT pr.snap_ts < pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp() as snapshot_newer
 FROM prevstats AS pr;
 
+COMMIT;
+
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
 
diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
index efb30600e0d..14d9e299652 100644
--- a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
+++ b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
@@ -1922,51 +1922,39 @@ PgFdwPathExtraData
 PgFdwRelationInfo
 PgFdwScanState
 PgIfAddrCallback
+PgStatShared_Archiver
+PgStatShared_BgWriter
+PgStatShared_Checkpointer
+PgStatShared_Common
+PgStatShared_Database
+PgStatShared_Function
+PgStatShared_HashEntry
+PgStatShared_Relation
+PgStatShared_ReplSlot
+PgStatShared_SLRU
+PgStatShared_Subscription
+PgStatShared_Wal
 PgStat_ArchiverStats
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
+PgStat_BackendSubEntry
 PgStat_BgWriterStats
 PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 PgStat_Counter
+PgStat_EntryRef
+PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry
+PgStat_FetchConsistency
 PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 PgStat_FunctionCounts
-PgStat_FunctionEntry
-PgStat_GlobalStats
+PgStat_HashKey
 PgStat_Kind
-PgStat_Msg
-PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-PgStat_MsgAnlAncestors
-PgStat_MsgArchiver
-PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-PgStat_MsgCheckpointer
-PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-PgStat_MsgConnect
-PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-PgStat_MsgDisconnect
-PgStat_MsgDropdb
-PgStat_MsgDummy
-PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-PgStat_MsgHdr
-PgStat_MsgInquiry
-PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter
-PgStat_MsgSLRU
-PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop
-PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError
-PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-PgStat_MsgTabstat
-PgStat_MsgTempFile
-PgStat_MsgVacuum
-PgStat_MsgWal
+PgStat_KindInfo
+PgStat_LocalState
 PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem
+PgStat_ReplSlotStats
 PgStat_SLRUStats
+PgStat_ShmemControl
+PgStat_Snapshot
+PgStat_SnapshotEntry
 PgStat_StatDBEntry
 PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry
@@ -1974,7 +1962,6 @@ PgStat_StatSubEntry
 PgStat_StatTabEntry
 PgStat_SubXactStatus
 PgStat_TableCounts
-PgStat_TableEntry
 PgStat_TableStatus
 PgStat_TableXactStatus
 PgStat_WalStats
@@ -2522,7 +2509,6 @@ StartReplicationCmd
 StartupStatusEnum
 StatEntry
 StatExtEntry
-StatMsgType
 StateFileChunk
 StatisticExtInfo
 Stats
@@ -2636,8 +2622,6 @@ TXNEntryFile
 TYPCATEGORY
 T_Action
 T_WorkerStatus
-TabStatHashEntry
-TabStatusArray
 TableAmRoutine
 TableAttachInfo
 TableDataInfo
@@ -3421,6 +3405,7 @@ pgssHashKey
 pgssSharedState
 pgssStoreKind
 pgssVersion
+pgstat_entry_ref_hash_hash
 pgstat_page
 pgstattuple_type
 pgthreadlock_t
-- 
2.35.1.677.gabf474a5dd


--c4n45bccvxafocvc
Content-Type: text/x-diff; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="v68-0014-pgstat-add-pg_stat_force_next_flush.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v70 10/27] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory.
@ 2022-04-04 23:53 Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2022-04-04 23:53 UTC (permalink / raw)

Previously the statistics collector received statistics updates via UDP and
shared statistics data by writing them out to temporary files regularly. These
files can reach tens of megabytes and are created around once a second.

Now statistics are stored in shared memory. Statistics for variable-numbered
objects are stored in a dshash hashtable (backed by dynamic shared
memory). Fixed-numbered stats are stored in normal shared memory.

To avoid contention on the shared statistics data, each backend continues to
collect pending status updates and only flushes them out periodically.

To avoid contention on the shared hashtable, each backend has a backend-local
hashtable in front of the shared hashtable, containing references to the
shared hashtable entries. The shared hashtable only needs to be accessed when
no prior reference to the shared hashtable exists.

The stats collector is not needed anymore, remove it.

Subsequent commits will perform some further code cleanup, adapt docs and add
tests.

ATODO: bump PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID

Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Author: Andres Freund <[email protected]>
Author: Melanie Plageman <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Andres Freund <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Thomas Munro <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Justin Pryzby <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: "David G. Johnston" <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]> (in a much earlier version)
Reviewed-By: Arthur Zakirov <[email protected]> (in a much earlier version)
Reviewed-By: Antonin Houska <[email protected]> (in a much earlier version)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
---
 src/include/miscadmin.h                       |    2 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  680 +--
 src/include/storage/lwlock.h                  |    3 +
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  663 ++-
 src/include/utils/rel.h                       |    1 +
 src/include/utils/timeout.h                   |    1 +
 src/include/utils/wait_event.h                |    1 -
 src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c             |   41 +-
 src/backend/commands/vacuum.c                 |    7 -
 src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c         |    2 +
 src/backend/lib/dshash.c                      |    4 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c           |  197 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c         |   20 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c            |    5 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c               | 4858 ++++-------------
 src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c           |   91 +-
 src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c     |    1 -
 src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c   |    8 +-
 src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c      |    6 +
 src/backend/replication/slot.c                |   28 +-
 src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c           |    8 +-
 src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c                |    2 +
 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c             |    8 +-
 src/backend/tcop/postgres.c                   |   31 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile           |    1 +
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c  |   89 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c  |   81 +-
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c      |   93 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |  327 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |  165 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  626 ++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c  |  189 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c     |  987 ++++
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c      |  160 +-
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c      |   86 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c       |  168 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c      |   39 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c       |    3 -
 src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c           |   10 +-
 src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c            |    5 +
 src/backend/utils/init/globals.c              |    1 +
 src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c             |    3 -
 src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c             |   12 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c                  |   21 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample |    1 +
 contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out      |    1 +
 contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql           |    1 +
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |   19 +-
 src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c      |    2 +-
 src/test/regress/expected/stats.out           |    8 +
 src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql                |   10 +
 src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list              |   63 +-
 52 files changed, 4405 insertions(+), 5434 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c

diff --git a/src/include/miscadmin.h b/src/include/miscadmin.h
index 0abc3ad5405..1d89b2759d2 100644
--- a/src/include/miscadmin.h
+++ b/src/include/miscadmin.h
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t LogMemoryContextPending;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending;
 
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t CheckClientConnectionPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ClientConnectionLost;
@@ -333,7 +334,6 @@ typedef enum BackendType
 	B_WAL_SENDER,
 	B_WAL_WRITER,
 	B_ARCHIVER,
-	B_STATS_COLLECTOR,
 	B_LOGGER,
 } BackendType;
 
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index 6443148999a..666ffcb405d 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -14,10 +14,8 @@
 #include "datatype/timestamp.h"
 #include "portability/instr_time.h"
 #include "postmaster/pgarch.h"	/* for MAX_XFN_CHARS */
-#include "replication/logicalproto.h"
 #include "utils/backend_progress.h" /* for backward compatibility */
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */
-#include "utils/hsearch.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */
 
@@ -27,8 +25,8 @@
  * ----------
  */
 #define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY		"pg_stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/global.stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/global.tmp"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/pgstat.stat"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/pgstat.tmp"
 
 /* Default directory to store temporary statistics data in */
 #define PG_STAT_TMP_DIR		"pg_stat_tmp"
@@ -69,6 +67,13 @@ typedef enum TrackFunctionsLevel
 	TRACK_FUNC_ALL
 }			TrackFunctionsLevel;
 
+typedef enum PgStat_FetchConsistency
+{
+	PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE,
+	PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE,
+	PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT,
+} PgStat_FetchConsistency;
+
 /* Values to track the cause of session termination */
 typedef enum SessionEndType
 {
@@ -95,7 +100,7 @@ typedef int64 PgStat_Counter;
  * PgStat_FunctionCounts	The actual per-function counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any pending stats.
  *
  * Note that the time counters are in instr_time format here.  We convert to
  * microseconds in PgStat_Counter format when flushing out pending statistics.
@@ -109,12 +114,11 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCounts
 } PgStat_FunctionCounts;
 
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry	Entry in backend's per-function hash table
+ * PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry	Non-flushed function stats.
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
 {
-	Oid			f_id;
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts f_counts;
 } PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry;
 
@@ -134,13 +138,22 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 	instr_time	f_start;
 } PgStat_FunctionCallUsage;
 
+/* ----------
+ * PgStat_BackendSubEntry	Non-flushed subscription stats.
+ * ----------
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_BackendSubEntry
+{
+	PgStat_Counter apply_error_count;
+	PgStat_Counter sync_error_count;
+} PgStat_BackendSubEntry;
+
 /* ----------
  * PgStat_TableCounts			The actual per-table counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
- * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state) and
- * PgStat_TableEntry (the transmitted message format).
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any stats updates to apply.
+ * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state).
  *
  * Note: for a table, tuples_returned is the number of tuples successfully
  * fetched by heap_getnext, while tuples_fetched is the number of tuples
@@ -197,6 +210,7 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableStatus
 	bool		t_shared;		/* is it a shared catalog? */
 	struct PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans;	/* lowest subxact's counts */
 	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;	/* event counts to be sent */
+	Relation	relation;		/* rel that is using this entry */
 } PgStat_TableStatus;
 
 /* ----------
@@ -224,562 +238,7 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableXactStatus
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Message formats follow
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
- */
-
-/* ----------
- * The types of backend -> collector messages
- * ----------
- */
-typedef enum StatMsgType
-{
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR,
-} StatMsgType;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgHdr				The common message header
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgHdr
-{
-	StatMsgType m_type;
-	int			m_size;
-} PgStat_MsgHdr;
-
-/* ----------
- * Space available in a message.  This will keep the UDP packets below 1K,
- * which should fit unfragmented into the MTU of the loopback interface.
- * (Larger values of PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would work for that on most
- * platforms, but we're being conservative here.)
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE 1000
-#define PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD	(PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE - sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDummy				A dummy message, ignored by the collector
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDummy
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-} PgStat_MsgDummy;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgInquiry			Sent by a backend to ask the collector
- *								to write the stats file(s).
- *
- * Ordinarily, an inquiry message prompts writing of the global stats file,
- * the stats file for shared catalogs, and the stats file for the specified
- * database.  If databaseid is InvalidOid, only the first two are written.
- *
- * New file(s) will be written only if the existing file has a timestamp
- * older than the specified cutoff_time; this prevents duplicated effort
- * when multiple requests arrive at nearly the same time, assuming that
- * backends send requests with cutoff_times a little bit in the past.
- *
- * clock_time should be the requestor's current local time; the collector
- * uses this to check for the system clock going backward, but it has no
- * effect unless that occurs.  We assume clock_time >= cutoff_time, though.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgInquiry
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	TimestampTz clock_time;		/* observed local clock time */
-	TimestampTz cutoff_time;	/* minimum acceptable file timestamp */
-	Oid			databaseid;		/* requested DB (InvalidOid => shared only) */
-} PgStat_MsgInquiry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_TableEntry			Per-table info in a MsgTabstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_TableEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;
-} PgStat_TableEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabstat			Sent by the backend to report table
- *								and buffer access statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - 3 * sizeof(int) - 5 * sizeof(PgStat_Counter)) \
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	int			m_xact_commit;
-	int			m_xact_rollback;
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_read_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_write_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_session_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_active_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_idle_in_xact_time;
-	PgStat_TableEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgTabstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead tables.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_tableid[PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgTabpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDropdb				Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a dropped database
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDropdb
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDropdb;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetcounter		Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset counters
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a shared counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Kind m_resettarget;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a single counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_Kind m_resettype;
-	Oid			m_objectid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a SLRU counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	int			m_index;
-} PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset replication slot counter(s)
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	NameData	m_slotname;
-	bool		clearall;
-} PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset subscription counter(s)
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_subid;		/* InvalidOid means reset all subscription
-								 * stats */
-} PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAutovacStart		Sent by the autovacuum daemon to signal
- *								that a database is going to be processed
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	TimestampTz m_start_time;
-} PgStat_MsgAutovacStart;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgVacuum				Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after VACUUM
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgVacuum
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	TimestampTz m_vacuumtime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgVacuum;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAnalyze			Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after ANALYZE
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	bool		m_resetcounter;
-	TimestampTz m_analyzetime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgAnalyze;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgArchiver			Sent by the archiver to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgArchiver
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	bool		m_failed;		/* Failed attempt */
-	char		m_xlog[MAX_XFN_CHARS + 1];
-	TimestampTz m_timestamp;
-} PgStat_MsgArchiver;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgBgWriter			Sent by the bgwriter to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_maxwritten_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_alloc;
-} PgStat_MsgBgWriter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgCheckpointer  Sent by the checkpointer to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgCheckpointer
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_timed_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_requested_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_fsync_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_write_time; /* times in milliseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-} PgStat_MsgCheckpointer;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgWal			Sent by backends and background processes to update WAL statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgWal
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_records;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_fpi;
-	uint64		m_wal_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_buffers_full;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write_time;	/* time spent writing wal records in
-										 * microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync_time; /* time spent syncing wal records in
-									 * microseconds */
-} PgStat_MsgWal;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSLRU			Sent by a backend to update SLRU statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSLRU
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_index;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_zeroed;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_hit;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_read;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_written;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_exists;
-	PgStat_Counter m_flush;
-	PgStat_Counter m_truncate;
-} PgStat_MsgSLRU;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgReplSlot	Sent by a backend or a wal sender to update replication
- *						slot statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	NameData	m_slotname;
-	bool		m_create;
-	bool		m_drop;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_total_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_total_bytes;
-} PgStat_MsgReplSlot;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop	Sent by the backend and autovacuum to tell the
- *								collector about the dead subscription.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_subid;
-} PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError	Sent by the apply worker or the table sync
- *								worker to report an error on the subscription.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_subid;
-	bool		m_is_apply_error;
-} PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict	Sent by the backend upon recovery conflict
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_reason;
-} PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTempFile	Sent by the backend upon creating a temp file
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTempFile
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	size_t		m_filesize;
-} PgStat_MsgTempFile;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_FunctionEntry			Per-function info in a MsgFuncstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_FunctionEntry
-{
-	Oid			f_id;
-	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
-	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter f_self_time;
-} PgStat_FunctionEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncstat			Sent by the backend to report function
- *								usage statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES	\
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead functions.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_functionid[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDeadlock			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a deadlock that occurred.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDeadlock;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure	Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about checksum failures noticed.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_failurecount;
-	TimestampTz m_failure_time;
-} PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgConnect			Sent by the backend upon connection
- *								establishment
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgConnect
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgConnect;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDisconnect			Sent by the backend when disconnecting
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDisconnect
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	SessionEndType m_cause;
-} PgStat_MsgDisconnect;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_Msg					Union over all possible messages.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef union PgStat_Msg
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr msg_hdr;
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg_dummy;
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg_inquiry;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat msg_tabstat;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg_tabpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg_dropdb;
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg_resetcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg_resetsharedcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg_resetsinglecounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg_resetslrucounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg_resetreplslotcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg_resetsubcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg_autovacuum_start;
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg_vacuum;
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg_analyze;
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg_archiver;
-	PgStat_MsgBgWriter msg_bgwriter;
-	PgStat_MsgCheckpointer msg_checkpointer;
-	PgStat_MsgWal msg_wal;
-	PgStat_MsgSLRU msg_slru;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg_funcstat;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge msg_funcpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg_recoveryconflict;
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg_deadlock;
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg_tempfile;
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg_checksumfailure;
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg_replslot;
-	PgStat_MsgConnect msg_connect;
-	PgStat_MsgDisconnect msg_disconnect;
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError msg_subscriptionerror;
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop msg_subscriptiondrop;
-} PgStat_Msg;
-
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Statistic collector data structures follow
+ * Data structures on disk and in shared memory follow
  *
  * PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID should be changed whenever any of these
  * data structures change.
@@ -811,7 +270,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_BgWriterStats
 
 typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 {
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
 	PgStat_Counter timed_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter requested_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter checkpoint_write_time;	/* times in milliseconds */
@@ -823,7 +281,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 {
-	Oid			databaseid;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_commit;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_rollback;
 	PgStat_Counter n_blocks_fetched;
@@ -855,34 +312,16 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 	PgStat_Counter n_sessions_killed;
 
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of db stats file update */
-
-	/*
-	 * tables and functions must be last in the struct, because we don't write
-	 * the pointers out to the stats file.
-	 */
-	HTAB	   *tables;
-	HTAB	   *functions;
 } PgStat_StatDBEntry;
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 {
-	Oid			functionid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
 
 	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
 	PgStat_Counter f_self_time;
 } PgStat_StatFuncEntry;
 
-typedef struct PgStat_GlobalStats
-{
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
-
-	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
-	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
-} PgStat_GlobalStats;
-
 typedef struct PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry
 {
 	NameData	slotname;
@@ -911,8 +350,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SLRUStats
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatSubEntry
 {
-	Oid			subid;			/* hash key (must be first) */
-
 	PgStat_Counter apply_error_count;
 	PgStat_Counter sync_error_count;
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
@@ -920,8 +357,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatSubEntry
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatTabEntry
 {
-	Oid			tableid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter numscans;
 
 	PgStat_Counter tuples_returned;
@@ -969,14 +404,13 @@ typedef struct PgStat_WalStats
  */
 
 /* functions called from postmaster */
-extern void pgstat_init(void);
-extern void pgstat_reset_all(void);
-extern int	pgstat_start(void);
-extern void allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void);
+extern Size StatsShmemSize(void);
+extern void StatsShmemInit(void);
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-extern void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
-#endif
+/* Functions called during server startup / shutdown */
+extern void pgstat_restore_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_discard_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg);
 
 /* Functions for backend initialization */
 extern void pgstat_initialize(void);
@@ -992,33 +426,24 @@ extern int	pgstat_get_transactional_drops(bool isCommit, struct xl_xact_stats_it
 extern void pgstat_execute_transactional_drops(int ndrops, struct xl_xact_stats_item *items, bool is_redo);
 
 /* Functions called from backends */
-extern void pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
-extern void pgstat_vacuum_stat(void);
-extern void pgstat_ping(void);
+extern long pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
 
 extern void pgstat_reset_counters(void);
 extern void pgstat_reset_single_counter(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid objectid);
 extern void pgstat_reset_shared_counters(PgStat_Kind kind);
 
 /* stats accessors */
-extern PgStat_ArchiverStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void);
-extern PgStat_BgWriterStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void);
-extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void);
-extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid);
-extern PgStat_StatFuncEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid funcid);
-extern PgStat_GlobalStats *pgstat_fetch_global(void);
-extern PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname);
-extern PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid);
-extern PgStat_SLRUStats *pgstat_fetch_slru(void);
-extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid);
-extern PgStat_WalStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void);
+extern TimestampTz pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot);
 
+/* helpers */
+extern PgStat_Kind pgstat_kind_from_str(char *kind_str);
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_archiver.c
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
+extern PgStat_ArchiverStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1026,6 +451,7 @@ extern void pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_bgwriter(void);
+extern PgStat_BgWriterStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1033,6 +459,7 @@ extern void pgstat_report_bgwriter(void);
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_checkpointer(void);
+extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1055,6 +482,7 @@ extern void pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid);
 #define pgstat_count_conn_txn_idle_time(n)							\
 	(pgStatTransactionIdleTime += (n))
 
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid);
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
@@ -1069,6 +497,7 @@ extern void pgstat_init_function_usage(struct FunctionCallInfoBaseData *fcinfo,
 extern void pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu,
 									  bool finalize);
 
+extern PgStat_StatFuncEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid funcid);
 extern PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id);
 
 
@@ -1081,6 +510,8 @@ extern void pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel);
 extern void pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dstrel, Relation srcrel);
 
 extern void pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_relation_unlink(Relation rel);
 
 extern void pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
@@ -1089,8 +520,14 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 								  PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples,
 								  bool resetcounter);
 
+/*
+ * If stats are hasn't been prepared yet, call pgstat_relation_assoc() to do
+ * so. See its comment for why this is done separately from
+ * pgstat_relation_init().
+ */
 #define pgstat_relation_should_count(rel)                           \
-	(likely((rel)->pgstat_info != NULL))
+	(likely((rel)->pgstat_info != NULL) ? true :                    \
+	 ((rel)->pgstat_enabled ? pgstat_relation_assoc(rel), true : false))
 
 /* nontransactional event counts are simple enough to inline */
 
@@ -1141,6 +578,9 @@ extern void pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 extern void pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 									  void *recdata, uint32 len);
 
+extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid);
+extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(bool shared,
+														   Oid relid);
 extern PgStat_TableStatus *find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id);
 
 
@@ -1153,7 +593,9 @@ extern void pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name);
 struct ReplicationSlot;
 extern void pgstat_report_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat);
 extern void pgstat_create_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot);
-extern void pgstat_drop_replslot(const char *slotname);
+extern void pgstat_acquire_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot);
+extern void pgstat_drop_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot);
+extern PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1170,6 +612,7 @@ extern void pgstat_count_slru_flush(int slru_idx);
 extern void pgstat_count_slru_truncate(int slru_idx);
 extern const char *pgstat_slru_name(int slru_idx);
 extern int	pgstat_slru_index(const char *name);
+extern PgStat_SLRUStats *pgstat_fetch_slru(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1181,6 +624,7 @@ extern void pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid);
 extern void pgstat_report_subscription_error(Oid subid, bool is_apply_error);
 extern void pgstat_create_subscription(Oid subid);
 extern void pgstat_drop_subscription(Oid subid);
+extern PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1188,6 +632,7 @@ extern void pgstat_drop_subscription(Oid subid);
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_wal(bool force);
+extern PgStat_WalStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1197,6 +642,9 @@ extern void pgstat_report_wal(bool force);
 /* GUC parameters */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT bool pgstat_track_counts;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_track_functions;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_fetch_consistency;
+
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 extern char *pgstat_stat_directory;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_tmpname;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_filename;
@@ -1207,7 +655,7 @@ extern char *pgstat_stat_filename;
  */
 
 /* updated directly by bgwriter and bufmgr */
-extern PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
+extern PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats;
 
 
 /*
@@ -1218,7 +666,7 @@ extern PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
  * Checkpointer statistics counters are updated directly by checkpointer and
  * bufmgr.
  */
-extern PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
+extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats;
 
 
 /*
@@ -1245,7 +693,7 @@ extern SessionEndType pgStatSessionEndCause;
  */
 
 /* updated directly by backends and background processes */
-extern PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
+extern PgStat_WalStats PendingWalStats;
 
 
 #endif							/* PGSTAT_H */
diff --git a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
index c3d5889d7b2..33eb4c10339 100644
--- a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
+++ b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
@@ -190,6 +190,9 @@ typedef enum BuiltinTrancheIds
 	LWTRANCHE_SHARED_TIDBITMAP,
 	LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND,
 	LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DSA,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_HASH,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA,
 	LWTRANCHE_FIRST_USER_DEFINED
 }			BuiltinTrancheIds;
 
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index 16e99afa885..c49aca00196 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Definitions for the PostgreSQL cumulative statistics system that should
  * only be needed by files implementing statistics support (rather than ones
- * reporting / querying stats).
+ * reporting stats).
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
@@ -14,21 +14,134 @@
 #define PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H
 
 
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
+#include "lib/ilist.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
+#include "utils/dsa.h"
+#include "common/hashfn.h"
 
 
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL	500 /* Minimum time between stats file
-									 * updates; in milliseconds. */
-
-/* ----------
- * The initial size hints for the hash tables used in the collector.
- * ----------
+/*
+ * Types related to shared memory storage of statistics.
+ *
+ * Per-object statistics are stored in the "shared stats" hashtable. That
+ * table's entries (PgStatShared_HashEntry) contain a pointer to the actual stats
+ * data for the object (the size of the stats data varies depending on the
+ * kind of stats). The table is keyed by PgStat_HashKey.
+ *
+ * Once a backend has a reference to a shared stats entry, it increments the
+ * entry's refcount. Even after stats data is dropped (e.g., due to a DROP
+ * TABLE), the entry itself can only be deleted once all references have been
+ * released.
+ *
+ * These refcounts, in combination with a backend local hashtable
+ * (pgStatEntryRefHash, with entries pointing to PgStat_EntryRef) in front of
+ * the shared hash table, mean that most stats work can happen without
+ * touching the shared hash table, reducing contention.
+ *
+ * Once there are pending stats updates for a table PgStat_EntryRef->pending
+ * is allocated to contain a working space for as-of-yet-unapplied stats
+ * updates. Once the stats are flushed, PgStat_EntryRef->pending is freed.
+ *
+ * Each stat kind in the shared hash table has a fixed member
+ * PgStatShared_Common as the first element.
  */
-#define PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE		16
-#define PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE	512
-#define PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE	512
-#define PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE	32
-#define PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE	32
+
+/* struct for shared statistics hash entry key. */
+typedef struct PgStat_HashKey
+{
+	PgStat_Kind kind;			/* statistics entry kind */
+	Oid			dboid;			/* database ID. InvalidOid for shared objects. */
+	Oid			objoid;			/* object ID, either table or function. */
+} PgStat_HashKey;
+
+/*
+ * Shared statistics hash entry. Doesn't itself contain any stats, but points
+ * to them (with ->body). That allows the stats entries themselves to be of
+ * variable size.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShared_HashEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;			/* hash key */
+
+	/*
+	 * If dropped is set, backends need to release their references so that
+	 * the memory for the entry can be freed. No new references may be made
+	 * once marked as dropped.
+	 */
+	bool		dropped;
+
+	/*
+	 * Refcount managing lifetime of the entry itself (as opposed to the
+	 * dshash entry pointing to it). The stats lifetime has to be separate
+	 * from the hash table entry lifetime because we allow backends to point
+	 * to a stats entry without holding a hash table lock (and some other
+	 * reasons).
+	 *
+	 * As long as the entry is not dropped, 1 is added to the refcount
+	 * representing that the entry should not be dropped. In addition each
+	 * backend that has a reference to the entry needs to increment the
+	 * refcount as long as it does.
+	 *
+	 * May only be incremented / decremented while holding at least a shared
+	 * lock on the dshash partition containing the entry. It needs to be an
+	 * atomic variable because multiple backends can increment the refcount
+	 * with just a shared lock.
+	 *
+	 * When the refcount reaches 0 the entry needs to be freed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint32 refcount;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to shared stats. The stats entry always starts with
+	 * PgStatShared_Common, embedded in a larger struct containing the
+	 * PgStat_Kind specific stats fields.
+	 */
+	dsa_pointer body;
+} PgStatShared_HashEntry;
+
+/*
+ * Common header struct for PgStatShm_Stat*Entry.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Common
+{
+	uint32		magic;			/* just a validity cross-check */
+	/* lock protecting stats contents (i.e. data following the header) */
+	LWLock		lock;
+} PgStatShared_Common;
+
+/*
+ * A backend local reference to a shared stats entry. As long as at least one
+ * such reference exists, the shared stats entry will not be released.
+ *
+ * If there are pending stats update to the shared stats, these are stored in
+ * ->pending.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_EntryRef
+{
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to the PgStatShared_HashEntry entry in the shared stats
+	 * hashtable.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shared_entry;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to the stats data (i.e. PgStatShared_HashEntry->body), resolved
+	 * as a local pointer, to avoid repeated dsa_get_address() calls.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_Common *shared_stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pending statistics data that will need to be flushed to shared memory
+	 * stats eventually. Each stats kind utilizing pending data defines what
+	 * format its pending data has and needs to provide a
+	 * PgStat_KindInfo->flush_pending_cb callback to merge pending into shared
+	 * stats.
+	 */
+	void	   *pending;
+	dlist_node	pending_node;	/* membership in pgStatPending list */
+} PgStat_EntryRef;
 
 
 /*
@@ -43,11 +156,11 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
 	struct PgStat_SubXactStatus *prev;	/* higher-level subxact if any */
 
 	/*
-	 * Dropping the statistics for objects that dropped transactionally itself
-	 * needs to be transactional. Therefore we collect the stats dropped in
-	 * the current (sub-)transaction and only execute the stats drop when we
-	 * know if the transaction commits/aborts. To handle replicas and crashes,
-	 * stats drops are included in commit records.
+	 * Statistics for transactionally dropped objects need to be
+	 * transactionally dropped as well. Collect the stats dropped in the
+	 * current (sub-)transaction and only execute the stats drop when we know
+	 * if the transaction commits/aborts. To handle replicas and crashes,
+	 * stats drops are included in commit / abort records.
 	 */
 	dlist_head	pending_drops;
 	int			pending_drops_count;
@@ -64,10 +177,95 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
 } PgStat_SubXactStatus;
 
 
+/*
+ * Metadata for a specific kind of statistics.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_KindInfo
+{
+	/*
+	 * Do a fixed number of stats objects exist for this kind of stats (e.g.
+	 * bgwriter stats) or not (e.g. tables).
+	 */
+	bool		fixed_amount:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Can stats of this kind be accessed from another database? Determines
+	 * whether a stats object gets included in stats snapshots.
+	 */
+	bool		accessed_across_databases:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: Identified on-disk using a name, rather
+	 * than PgStat_HashKey. Probably only needed for replication slot stats.
+	 */
+	bool		named_on_disk:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of an entry in the shared stats hash table (pointed to by
+	 * PgStatShared_HashEntry->body).
+	 */
+	uint32		shared_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The offset/size of statistics inside the shared stats entry. Used when
+	 * [de-]serializing statistics to / from disk respectively. Separate from
+	 * shared_size because [de-]serialization may not include in-memory state
+	 * like lwlocks.
+	 */
+	uint32		shared_data_off;
+	uint32		shared_data_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of the pending data for this kind. E.g. how large
+	 * PgStat_EntryRef->pending is. Used for allocations.
+	 *
+	 * 0 signals that an entry of this kind should never have a pending entry.
+	 */
+	uint32		pending_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: flush pending stats.
+	 */
+	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: delete pending stats. Optional.
+	 */
+	void		(*delete_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: reset the reset timestamp. Optional.
+	 */
+	void		(*reset_timestamp_cb) (PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+
+	/*
+	 * For global statistics: Reset All.
+	 */
+	void		(*reset_all_cb) (TimestampTz now);
+
+	/*
+	 * For global statistics: Fetch a snapshot of appropriate global stats.
+	 */
+	void		(*snapshot_cb) (void);
+
+	/*
+	 * For named_on_disk_stats:
+	 */
+	void		(*to_serialized_name) (const PgStatShared_Common *header, NameData *name);
+	bool		(*from_serialized_name) (const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key);
+
+	/* name of the kind of stats */
+	const char *const name;
+} PgStat_KindInfo;
+
+
 /*
  * List of SLRU names that we keep stats for.  There is no central registry of
  * SLRUs, so we use this fixed list instead.  The "other" entry is used for
  * all SLRUs without an explicit entry (e.g. SLRUs in extensions).
+ *
+ * This is only defined here so that SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS is known for later type
+ * definitions.
  */
 static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 	"CommitTs",
@@ -83,33 +281,270 @@ static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 #define SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS	lengthof(slru_names)
 
 
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of fixed-amount stats.
+ *
+ * Single-writer stats use the changecount mechanism to achieve low-overhead
+ * writes - they're obviously more performance critical than reads. Check the
+ * definition of struct PgBackendStatus for some explanation of the
+ * changecount mechanism.
+ *
+ * Because the obvious implementation of resetting single-writer stats isn't
+ * compatible with that (another backend needs to write), we don't scribble on
+ * shared stats while resetting. Instead, just record the current counter
+ * values in a copy of the stats data, which is protected by ->lock. See
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_(archiver|bgwriter|checkpointer) for the reader side.
+ *
+ * The only exception to that is the the stat_reset_timestamp in these
+ * structs, which is protected by ->lock, because it has to be written by
+ * another backend while resetting
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Archiver
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats stats;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_Archiver;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_BgWriter
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats stats;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_BgWriter;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Checkpointer
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats stats;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_Checkpointer;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_SLRU
+{
+	/* lock protects ->stats */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	PgStat_SLRUStats stats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+} PgStatShared_SLRU;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Wal
+{
+	/* lock protects ->stats */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	PgStat_WalStats stats;
+} PgStatShared_Wal;
+
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of variable-amount stats.
+ *
+ * Each struct has to start with PgStatShared_Common, containing information
+ * common across the different types of stats. Kind-specific data follows.
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Database
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Database;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Relation
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Relation;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Function
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatFuncEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Function;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Subscription
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatSubEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Subscription;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_ReplSlot
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_ReplSlot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Central shared memory entry for the cumulative stats system.
+ *
+ * Fixed amount stats, the dynamic shared memory hash table for
+ * non-fixed-amount stats, as well as remaining bits and pieces are all
+ * reached from here.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_ShmemControl
+{
+	void	   *raw_dsa_area;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats for variable-numbered objects are kept in this shared hash table.
+	 * See comment above PgStat_Kind for details.
+	 */
+	dshash_table_handle hash_handle;	/* shared dbstat hash */
+
+	/* Has the stats system already been shut down? Just a debugging check. */
+	bool		is_shutdown;
+
+	/*
+	 * Whenever statistics for dropped objects could not be freed - because
+	 * backends still have references - the dropping backend calls
+	 * pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc() incrementing this counter. Eventually
+	 * that causes backends to run pgstat_gc_entry_refs(), allowing memory to
+	 * be reclaimed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint64 gc_request_count;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats data for fixed-numbered objects.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_Archiver archiver;
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter bgwriter;
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer checkpointer;
+	PgStatShared_SLRU slru;
+	PgStatShared_Wal wal;
+} PgStat_ShmemControl;
+
+
+/*
+ * Cached statistics snapshot
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_Snapshot
+{
+	PgStat_FetchConsistency mode;
+
+	/* time at which snapshot was taken */
+	TimestampTz snapshot_timestamp;
+
+	bool		global_valid[PGSTAT_NUM_KINDS];
+
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats archiver;
+
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
+
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
+
+	PgStat_SLRUStats slru[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+
+	PgStat_WalStats wal;
+
+	/* to free snapshot in bulk */
+	MemoryContext context;
+	struct pgstat_snapshot_hash *stats;
+} PgStat_Snapshot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Collection of backend-local stats state.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_LocalState
+{
+	PgStat_ShmemControl *shmem;
+	dsa_area   *dsa;
+	dshash_table *shared_hash;
+
+	/* the current statistics snapshot */
+	PgStat_Snapshot snapshot;
+} PgStat_LocalState;
+
+
+/*
+ * Inline functions defined further below.
+ */
+
+static inline void changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline void changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline uint32 changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc);
+static inline bool changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 cc_before);
+
+static inline void pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+												   uint32 *cc);
+static inline int pgstat_hash_key_cmp(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size, void *arg);
+static inline uint32 pgstat_hash_key_hash(const void *d, size_t size, void *arg);
+static inline size_t pgstat_get_entry_len(PgStat_Kind kind);
+static inline void *pgstat_get_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry);
+
+
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype);
-extern void pgstat_send(void *msg, int len);
+const PgStat_KindInfo *pgstat_kind_info_for(PgStat_Kind kind);
+
 #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
 extern void pgstat_assert_is_up(void);
 #else
 #define pgstat_assert_is_up() ((void)true)
 #endif
 
+extern void pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool *created_entry);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+
+extern void *pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_archiver.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_bgwriter.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_checkpointer.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb(void);
+
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_database.c
  */
 
-extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
 extern void pgstat_report_disconnect(Oid dboid);
-extern void pgstat_update_dbstats(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_update_dbstats(TimestampTz now);
+extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
+
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid);
+extern void pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts);
+extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_funcstats(void);
+extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
 
 
 /*
@@ -120,23 +555,71 @@ extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isC
 extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit, int nestDepth);
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
-extern void pgstat_send_tabstats(TimestampTz now, bool disconnect);
+
+extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_replslot.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb(const PgStatShared_Common *tmp, NameData *name);
+extern bool pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb(const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_shmem.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_attach_shmem(void);
+extern void pgstat_detach_shmem(void);
+
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_get_entry_ref(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+											 bool create, bool *found);
+extern bool pgstat_lock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_unlock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+extern bool pgstat_drop_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_drop_all_entries(void);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+													bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_reset_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PgStat_Kind kind);
+extern void pgstat_reset_matching_entries(bool (*do_reset) (PgStatShared_HashEntry *, Datum), Datum match_data);
+
+extern void pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc(void);
+extern PgStatShared_Common *pgstat_init_entry(PgStat_Kind kind,
+											  PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_slru.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_slru(void);
+extern bool pgstat_slru_flush(bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb(void);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_wal.c
  */
 
+extern bool pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait);
 extern void pgstat_wal_initialize(void);
 extern bool pgstat_wal_pending(void);
 
+extern void pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
+ */
+
+extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
 /*
@@ -152,29 +635,145 @@ extern void pgstat_create_transactional(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
  * Variables in pgstat.c
  */
 
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
+extern PgStat_LocalState pgStatLocal;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_database.c
+ * Variables in pgstat_slru.c
  */
 
-extern int	pgStatXactCommit;
-extern int	pgStatXactRollback;
+extern bool have_slrustats;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_functions.c
+ * Implementation of inline functions declared above.
  */
 
-extern bool have_function_stats;
+/*
+ * Helpers for changecount manipulation. See comments around struct
+ * PgBackendStatus for details.
+ */
+
+static inline void
+changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 0);
+
+	START_CRIT_SECTION();
+	(*cc)++;
+	pg_write_barrier();
+}
+
+static inline void
+changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 1);
+
+	pg_write_barrier();
+
+	(*cc)++;
+
+	END_CRIT_SECTION();
+}
+
+static inline uint32
+changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32		before_cc = *cc;
+
+	CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	return before_cc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns true if the read succeeded, false if it needs to be repeated.
+ */
+static inline bool
+changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 before_cc)
+{
+	uint32		after_cc;
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	after_cc = *cc;
+
+	/* was a write in progress when we started? */
+	if (before_cc & 1)
+		return false;
+
+	/* did writes start and complete while we read? */
+	return before_cc == after_cc;
+}
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_relation.c
+ * helper function for PgStat_KindInfo->snapshot_cb
+ * PgStat_KindInfo->reset_all_cb callbacks.
+ *
+ * Copies out the specified memory area following change-count protocol.
  */
+static inline void
+pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+								uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32		cc_before;
 
-extern bool have_relation_stats;
+	do
+	{
+		cc_before = changecount_before_read(cc);
 
+		memcpy(dst, src, len);
+	}
+	while (!changecount_after_read(cc, cc_before));
+}
+
+/* helpers for dshash / simplehash hashtables */
+static inline int
+pgstat_hash_key_cmp(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size, void *arg)
+{
+	AssertArg(size == sizeof(PgStat_HashKey) && arg == NULL);
+	return memcmp(a, b, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey));
+}
+
+static inline uint32
+pgstat_hash_key_hash(const void *d, size_t size, void *arg)
+{
+	const PgStat_HashKey *key = (PgStat_HashKey *) d;
+	uint32		hash;
+
+	AssertArg(size == sizeof(PgStat_HashKey) && arg == NULL);
+
+	hash = murmurhash32(key->kind);
+	hash = hash_combine(hash, murmurhash32(key->dboid));
+	hash = hash_combine(hash, murmurhash32(key->objoid));
+
+	return hash;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The length of the data portion of a shared memory stats entry (i.e. without
+ * transient data such as refcounts, lwlocks, ...).
+ */
+static inline size_t
+pgstat_get_entry_len(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	return pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a pointer to the data portion of a shared memory stats entry.
+ */
+static inline void *
+pgstat_get_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry)
+{
+	size_t		off = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_off;
+
+	Assert(off != 0 && off < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return ((char *) (entry)) + off;
+}
 
 #endif							/* PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/rel.h b/src/include/utils/rel.h
index 121dbbc9a96..eadbd009045 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/rel.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/rel.h
@@ -246,6 +246,7 @@ typedef struct RelationData
 	 */
 	Oid			rd_toastoid;	/* Real TOAST table's OID, or InvalidOid */
 
+	bool		pgstat_enabled;	/* should relation stats be counted */
 	/* use "struct" here to avoid needing to include pgstat.h: */
 	struct PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info; /* statistics collection area */
 } RelationData;
diff --git a/src/include/utils/timeout.h b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
index 099f91c61da..c068986d09a 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/timeout.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ typedef enum TimeoutId
 	STANDBY_LOCK_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_IN_TRANSACTION_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
+	IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
 	CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT,
 	STARTUP_PROGRESS_TIMEOUT,
 	/* First user-definable timeout reason */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
index d870c592632..b578e2ec757 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ typedef enum
 	WAIT_EVENT_CHECKPOINTER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_APPLY_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN,
-	WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM,
 	WAIT_EVENT_SYSLOGGER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_WAL_RECEIVER_MAIN,
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
index 17a56152f17..150fb8e64fa 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
@@ -1869,7 +1869,7 @@ AdvanceXLInsertBuffer(XLogRecPtr upto, TimeLineID tli, bool opportunistic)
 					WriteRqst.Flush = 0;
 					XLogWrite(WriteRqst, tli, false);
 					LWLockRelease(WALWriteLock);
-					WalStats.m_wal_buffers_full++;
+					PendingWalStats.wal_buffers_full++;
 					TRACE_POSTGRESQL_WAL_BUFFER_WRITE_DIRTY_DONE();
 				}
 				/* Re-acquire WALBufMappingLock and retry */
@@ -2227,10 +2227,10 @@ XLogWrite(XLogwrtRqst WriteRqst, TimeLineID tli, bool flexible)
 
 					INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 					INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-					WalStats.m_wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+					PendingWalStats.wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 				}
 
-				WalStats.m_wal_write++;
+				PendingWalStats.wal_write++;
 
 				if (written <= 0)
 				{
@@ -4904,6 +4904,7 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 	XLogCtlInsert *Insert;
 	CheckPoint	checkPoint;
 	bool		wasShutdown;
+	bool		didCrash;
 	bool		haveTblspcMap;
 	bool		haveBackupLabel;
 	XLogRecPtr	EndOfLog;
@@ -5021,7 +5022,10 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 	{
 		RemoveTempXlogFiles();
 		SyncDataDirectory();
+		didCrash = true;
 	}
+	else
+		didCrash = false;
 
 	/*
 	 * Prepare for WAL recovery if needed.
@@ -5133,6 +5137,22 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 	 */
 	restoreTwoPhaseData();
 
+	/*
+	 * When starting with crash recovery, reset pgstat data - it might not be
+	 * valid. Otherwise restore pgstat data. It's safe to do this here,
+	 * because postmaster will not yet have started any other processes.
+	 *
+	 * NB: Restoring replication slot stats relies on slot state to have
+	 * already been restored from disk.
+	 *
+	 * TODO: With a bit of extra work we could just start with a pgstat file
+	 * associated with the checkpoint redo location we're starting from.
+	 */
+	if (didCrash)
+		pgstat_discard_stats();
+	else
+		pgstat_restore_stats();
+
 	lastFullPageWrites = checkPoint.fullPageWrites;
 
 	RedoRecPtr = XLogCtl->RedoRecPtr = XLogCtl->Insert.RedoRecPtr = checkPoint.redo;
@@ -5207,11 +5227,6 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 			LocalMinRecoveryPointTLI = 0;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * Reset pgstat data, because it may be invalid after recovery.
-		 */
-		pgstat_reset_all();
-
 		/* Check that the GUCs used to generate the WAL allow recovery */
 		CheckRequiredParameterValues();
 
@@ -5302,7 +5317,9 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 		performedWalRecovery = true;
 	}
 	else
+	{
 		performedWalRecovery = false;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Finish WAL recovery.
@@ -6104,8 +6121,8 @@ LogCheckpointEnd(bool restartpoint)
 												 CheckpointStats.ckpt_sync_end_t);
 
 	/* Accumulate checkpoint timing summary data, in milliseconds. */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
 
 	/*
 	 * All of the published timing statistics are accounted for.  Only
@@ -8032,10 +8049,10 @@ issue_xlog_fsync(int fd, XLogSegNo segno, TimeLineID tli)
 
 		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-		WalStats.m_wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+		PendingWalStats.wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 	}
 
-	WalStats.m_wal_sync++;
+	PendingWalStats.wal_sync++;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
index 04dbbe5530a..e0fc7e8d794 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
@@ -351,13 +351,6 @@ vacuum(List *relations, VacuumParams *params,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
 				 errmsg("PROCESS_TOAST required with VACUUM FULL")));
 
-	/*
-	 * Send info about dead objects to the cumulative stats system, unless
-	 * we are in autovacuum --- autovacuum.c does this for itself.
-	 */
-	if ((params->options & VACOPT_VACUUM) && !IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
-		pgstat_vacuum_stat();
-
 	/*
 	 * Create special memory context for cross-transaction storage.
 	 *
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
index 974a29e7a96..6b4f742578e 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include "access/amapi.h"
 #include "access/table.h"
+#include "access/xact.h"
 #include "catalog/index.h"
 #include "commands/vacuum.h"
 #include "optimizer/paths.h"
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "storage/bufmgr.h"
 #include "tcop/tcopprot.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
+#include "utils/rel.h"
 
 /*
  * DSM keys for parallel vacuum.  Unlike other parallel execution code, since
diff --git a/src/backend/lib/dshash.c b/src/backend/lib/dshash.c
index 1b94a76e43e..e543b8e6f84 100644
--- a/src/backend/lib/dshash.c
+++ b/src/backend/lib/dshash.c
@@ -604,8 +604,8 @@ dshash_memhash(const void *v, size_t size, void *arg)
  * Sequentially scan through dshash table and return all the elements one by
  * one, return NULL when all elements have been returned.
  *
- * dshash_seq_term needs to be called when a scan finished.  The caller may
- * delete returned elements midst of a scan by using dshash_delete_current()
+ * dshash_seq_term needs to be called when a scan is finished.  The caller may
+ * delete returned elements middle of a scan by using dshash_delete_current()
  * if exclusive = true.
  */
 void
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
index c6d30fa5271..f36c40e852f 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
@@ -44,11 +44,12 @@
  * Note that there can be more than one worker in a database concurrently.
  * They will store the table they are currently vacuuming in shared memory, so
  * that other workers avoid being blocked waiting for the vacuum lock for that
- * table.  They will also reload the pgstats data just before vacuuming each
- * table, to avoid vacuuming a table that was just finished being vacuumed by
- * another worker and thus is no longer noted in shared memory.  However,
- * there is a window (caused by pgstat delay) on which a worker may choose a
- * table that was already vacuumed; this is a bug in the current design.
+ * table.  They will also fetch the last time the table was vacuumed from
+ * pgstats just before vacuuming each table, to avoid vacuuming a table that
+ * was just finished being vacuumed by another worker and thus is no longer
+ * noted in shared memory.  However, there is a small window (due to not yet
+ * holding the relation lock) during which a worker may choose a table that was
+ * already vacuumed; this is a bug in the current design.
  *
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
@@ -129,9 +130,6 @@ int			autovacuum_vac_cost_limit;
 
 int			Log_autovacuum_min_duration = 600000;
 
-/* how long to keep pgstat data in the launcher, in milliseconds */
-#define STATS_READ_DELAY 1000
-
 /* the minimum allowed time between two awakenings of the launcher */
 #define MIN_AUTOVAC_SLEEPTIME 100.0 /* milliseconds */
 #define MAX_AUTOVAC_SLEEPTIME 300	/* seconds */
@@ -342,15 +340,11 @@ static void autovacuum_do_vac_analyze(autovac_table *tab,
 									  BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy);
 static AutoVacOpts *extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup,
 										 TupleDesc pg_class_desc);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry);
 static void perform_work_item(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem);
 static void autovac_report_activity(autovac_table *tab);
 static void autovac_report_workitem(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem,
 									const char *nspname, const char *relname);
 static void avl_sigusr2_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS);
-static void autovac_refresh_stats(void);
 
 
 
@@ -555,12 +549,6 @@ AutoVacLauncherMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 		DatabaseListCxt = NULL;
 		dlist_init(&DatabaseList);
 
-		/*
-		 * Make sure pgstat also considers our stat data as gone.  Note: we
-		 * mustn't use autovac_refresh_stats here.
-		 */
-		pgstat_clear_snapshot();
-
 		/* Now we can allow interrupts again */
 		RESUME_INTERRUPTS();
 
@@ -611,6 +599,12 @@ AutoVacLauncherMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	SetConfigOption("default_transaction_isolation", "read committed",
 					PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
 
+	/*
+	 * Even when system is configured to use a different fetch consistency,
+	 * for autovac we always want fresh stats.
+	 */
+	SetConfigOption("stats_fetch_consistency", "none", PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
+
 	/*
 	 * In emergency mode, just start a worker (unless shutdown was requested)
 	 * and go away.
@@ -963,9 +957,6 @@ rebuild_database_list(Oid newdb)
 	HTAB	   *dbhash;
 	dlist_iter	iter;
 
-	/* use fresh stats */
-	autovac_refresh_stats();
-
 	newcxt = AllocSetContextCreate(AutovacMemCxt,
 								   "Autovacuum database list",
 								   ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
@@ -1184,9 +1175,6 @@ do_start_worker(void)
 								   ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 	oldcxt = MemoryContextSwitchTo(tmpcxt);
 
-	/* use fresh stats */
-	autovac_refresh_stats();
-
 	/* Get a list of databases */
 	dblist = get_database_list();
 
@@ -1642,6 +1630,12 @@ AutoVacWorkerMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 		SetConfigOption("synchronous_commit", "local",
 						PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
 
+	/*
+	 * Even when system is configured to use a different fetch consistency,
+	 * for autovac we always want fresh stats.
+	 */
+	SetConfigOption("stats_fetch_consistency", "none", PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
+
 	/*
 	 * Get the info about the database we're going to work on.
 	 */
@@ -1966,8 +1960,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	HASHCTL		ctl;
 	HTAB	   *table_toast_map;
 	ListCell   *volatile cell;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy;
 	ScanKeyData key;
 	TupleDesc	pg_class_desc;
@@ -1986,22 +1978,9 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 										  ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/*
-	 * may be NULL if we couldn't find an entry (only happens if we are
-	 * forcing a vacuum for anti-wrap purposes).
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-
 	/* Start a transaction so our commands have one to play into. */
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/*
-	 * Clean up any dead statistics entries for this DB. We always want to do
-	 * this exactly once per DB-processing cycle, even if we find nothing
-	 * worth vacuuming in the database.
-	 */
-	pgstat_vacuum_stat();
-
 	/*
 	 * Compute the multixact age for which freezing is urgent.  This is
 	 * normally autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age, but may be less if we are
@@ -2039,9 +2018,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	/* StartTransactionCommand changed elsewhere */
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/* The database hash where pgstat keeps shared relations */
-	shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-
 	classRel = table_open(RelationRelationId, AccessShareLock);
 
 	/* create a copy so we can use it after closing pg_class */
@@ -2119,8 +2095,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 
 		/* Fetch reloptions and the pgstat entry for this table */
 		relopts = extract_autovac_opts(tuple, pg_class_desc);
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(classForm->relisshared,
+												  relid);
 
 		/* Check if it needs vacuum or analyze */
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
@@ -2203,8 +2179,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 		}
 
 		/* Fetch the pgstat entry for this table */
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(classForm->relisshared,
+												  relid);
 
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
 								  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -2418,12 +2394,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 		/*
 		 * Check whether pgstat data still says we need to vacuum this table.
 		 * It could have changed if something else processed the table while
-		 * we weren't looking.
-		 *
-		 * Note: we have a special case in pgstat code to ensure that the
-		 * stats we read are as up-to-date as possible, to avoid the problem
-		 * that somebody just finished vacuuming this table.  The window to
-		 * the race condition is not closed but it is very small.
+		 * we weren't looking. This doesn't entirely close the race condition,
+		 * but it is very small.
 		 */
 		MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 		tab = table_recheck_autovac(relid, table_toast_map, pg_class_desc,
@@ -2768,29 +2740,6 @@ extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup, TupleDesc pg_class_desc)
 	return av;
 }
 
-/*
- * get_pgstat_tabentry_relid
- *
- * Fetch the pgstat entry of a table, either local to a database or shared.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared, PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-						  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry = NULL;
-
-	if (isshared)
-	{
-		if (PointerIsValid(shared))
-			tabentry = hash_search(shared->tables, &relid,
-								   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	}
-	else if (PointerIsValid(dbentry))
-		tabentry = hash_search(dbentry->tables, &relid,
-							   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-
-	return tabentry;
-}
 
 /*
  * table_recheck_autovac
@@ -2812,7 +2761,6 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
 	autovac_table *tab = NULL;
 	bool		wraparound;
 	AutoVacOpts *avopts;
-	static bool reuse_stats = false;
 
 	/* fetch the relation's relcache entry */
 	classTup = SearchSysCacheCopy1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(relid));
@@ -2836,35 +2784,6 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
 			avopts = &hentry->ar_reloptions;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Reuse the stats to recheck whether a relation needs to be vacuumed or
-	 * analyzed if it was reloaded before and has not been cleared yet. This
-	 * is necessary to avoid frequent refresh of stats, especially when there
-	 * are very large number of relations and the refresh can cause lots of
-	 * overhead.
-	 *
-	 * If we determined that a relation needs to be vacuumed or analyzed,
-	 * based on the old stats, we refresh stats and recheck the necessity
-	 * again. Because a relation may have already been vacuumed or analyzed by
-	 * someone since the last reload of stats.
-	 */
-	if (reuse_stats)
-	{
-		recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm,
-										  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
-										  &dovacuum, &doanalyze, &wraparound);
-
-		/* Quick exit if a relation doesn't need to be vacuumed or analyzed */
-		if (!doanalyze && !dovacuum)
-		{
-			heap_freetuple(classTup);
-			return NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Use fresh stats and recheck again */
-	autovac_refresh_stats();
-
 	recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm,
 									  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
 									  &dovacuum, &doanalyze, &wraparound);
@@ -2962,21 +2881,6 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
 		tab->at_dobalance =
 			!(avopts && (avopts->vacuum_cost_limit > 0 ||
 						 avopts->vacuum_cost_delay > 0));
-
-		/*
-		 * When we decide to do vacuum or analyze, the existing stats cannot
-		 * be reused in the next cycle because it's cleared at the end of
-		 * vacuum or analyze (by AtEOXact_PgStat()).
-		 */
-		reuse_stats = false;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/*
-		 * If neither vacuum nor analyze is necessary, the existing stats is
-		 * not cleared and can be reused in the next cycle.
-		 */
-		reuse_stats = true;
 	}
 
 	heap_freetuple(classTup);
@@ -3001,17 +2905,10 @@ recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
 								  bool *wraparound)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared = NULL;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry = NULL;
-
-	if (classForm->relisshared)
-		shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-	else
-		dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
 
 	/* fetch the pgstat table entry */
-	tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-										 shared, dbentry);
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(classForm->relisshared,
+											  relid);
 
 	relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm, tabentry,
 							  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -3169,11 +3066,11 @@ relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If we found the table in the stats hash, and autovacuum is currently
-	 * enabled, make a threshold-based decision whether to vacuum and/or
-	 * analyze.  If autovacuum is currently disabled, we must be here for
-	 * anti-wraparound vacuuming only, so don't vacuum (or analyze) anything
-	 * that's not being forced.
+	 * If we found stats for the table, and autovacuum is currently enabled,
+	 * make a threshold-based decision whether to vacuum and/or analyze.  If
+	 * autovacuum is currently disabled, we must be here for anti-wraparound
+	 * vacuuming only, so don't vacuum (or analyze) anything that's not being
+	 * forced.
 	 */
 	if (PointerIsValid(tabentry) && AutoVacuumingActive())
 	{
@@ -3472,35 +3369,3 @@ AutoVacuumShmemInit(void)
 	else
 		Assert(found);
 }
-
-/*
- * autovac_refresh_stats
- *		Refresh pgstats data for an autovacuum process
- *
- * Cause the next pgstats read operation to obtain fresh data, but throttle
- * such refreshing in the autovacuum launcher.  This is mostly to avoid
- * rereading the pgstats files too many times in quick succession when there
- * are many databases.
- *
- * Note: we avoid throttling in the autovac worker, as it would be
- * counterproductive in the recheck logic.
- */
-static void
-autovac_refresh_stats(void)
-{
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-	{
-		static TimestampTz last_read = 0;
-		TimestampTz current_time;
-
-		current_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(last_read, current_time,
-										STATS_READ_DELAY))
-			return;
-
-		last_read = current_time;
-	}
-
-	pgstat_clear_snapshot();
-}
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
index e733c70368a..3cfac82ac09 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
@@ -212,6 +212,16 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 	 */
 	last_checkpoint_time = last_xlog_switch_time = (pg_time_t) time(NULL);
 
+	/*
+	 * Write out stats after shutdown. This needs to be called by exactly one
+	 * process during a normal shutdown, and since checkpointer is shut down
+	 * very late...
+	 *
+	 * XXX: Are there potential issues with walsenders reporting stats at a
+	 * later time?
+	 */
+	before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
+
 	/*
 	 * Create a memory context that we will do all our work in.  We do this so
 	 * that we can reset the context during error recovery and thereby avoid
@@ -358,7 +368,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (((volatile CheckpointerShmemStruct *) CheckpointerShmem)->ckpt_flags)
 		{
 			do_checkpoint = true;
-			PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+			PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -372,7 +382,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (elapsed_secs >= CheckPointTimeout)
 		{
 			if (!do_checkpoint)
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_timed_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.timed_checkpoints++;
 			do_checkpoint = true;
 			flags |= CHECKPOINT_CAUSE_TIME;
 		}
@@ -569,7 +579,7 @@ HandleCheckpointerInterrupts(void)
 		 * updates the statistics, increment the checkpoint request and flush
 		 * out pending statistic.
 		 */
-		PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+		PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		ShutdownXLOG(0, 0);
 		pgstat_report_checkpointer();
 		pgstat_report_wal(true);
@@ -1262,9 +1272,9 @@ AbsorbSyncRequests(void)
 	LWLockAcquire(CheckpointerCommLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
 
 	/* Transfer stats counts into pending pgstats message */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_fsync_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_fsync_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_fsync;
 
 	CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c b/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c
index 3f412dad2e6..1aed2e2e99e 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c
@@ -98,9 +98,8 @@ SignalHandlerForCrashExit(SIGNAL_ARGS)
  * shut down and exit.
  *
  * Typically, this handler would be used for SIGTERM, but some processes use
- * other signals. In particular, the checkpointer exits on SIGUSR2, the
- * stats collector on SIGQUIT, and the WAL writer exits on either SIGINT
- * or SIGTERM.
+ * other signals. In particular, the checkpointer exits on SIGUSR2, and the
+ * WAL writer exits on either SIGINT or SIGTERM.
  *
  * ShutdownRequestPending should be checked at a convenient place within the
  * main loop, or else the main loop should call HandleMainLoopInterrupts.
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
index f44c6e4038e..e5d77d53186 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
@@ -1,100 +1,163 @@
 /* ----------
  * pgstat.c
+ *	  Infrastructure for the cumulative statistics system.
  *
- *	All the statistics collector stuff hacked up in one big, ugly file.
+ * The cumulative statistics system accumulates statistics for different kinds
+ * of objects. Some kinds of statistics are collected for a fixed number of
+ * objects (most commonly 1), e.g., checkpointer statistics. Other kinds of
+ * statistics are collected for a varying number of objects
+ * (e.g. relations). See PgStat_KindInfo for a list of currently handled
+ * statistics.
  *
- *	TODO:	- Separate collector, postmaster and backend stuff
- *			  into different files.
+ * Statistics are loaded from the filesystem during startup (by the startup
+ * process), unless preceded by a crash, in which case all stats are
+ * discarded. They are written out by the checkpointer process just before
+ * shutting down, except when shutting down in immediate mode.
  *
- *			- Add some automatic call for pgstat vacuuming.
+ * Fixed-numbered stats are stored in plain (non-dynamic) shared memory.
  *
- *			- Add a pgstat config column to pg_database, so this
- *			  entire thing can be enabled/disabled on a per db basis.
+ * Statistics for variable-numbered objects are stored in dynamic shared
+ * memory and can be found via a dshash hashtable. The statistics counters are
+ * not part of the dshash entry (PgStatShared_HashEntry) directly, but are
+ * separately allocated (PgStatShared_HashEntry->body). The separate
+ * allocation allows different kinds of statistics to be stored in the same
+ * hashtable without wasting space in PgStatShared_HashEntry.
  *
- *	Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * Variable-numbered stats are addressed by PgStat_HashKey while running.  It
+ * is not possible to have statistics for an object that cannot be addressed
+ * that way at runtime. A wider identifier can be used when serializing to
+ * disk (used for replication slot stats).
  *
- *	src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+ * To avoid contention on the shared hashtable, each backend has a
+ * backend-local hashtable (pgStatEntryRefHash) in front of the shared
+ * hashtable, containing references (PgStat_EntryRef) to shared hashtable
+ * entries. The shared hashtable only needs to be accessed when no prior
+ * reference is found in the local hashtable. Besides pointing to the the
+ * shared hashtable entry (PgStatShared_HashEntry) PgStat_EntryRef also
+ * contains a pointer to the the shared statistics data, as a process-local
+ * address, to reduce access costs.
+ *
+ * The names for structs stored in shared memory are prefixed with
+ * PgStatShared instead of PgStat. Each stats entry in shared memory is
+ * protected by a dedicated lwlock.
+ *
+ * Most stats updates are first accumulated locally in each process as pending
+ * entries, then later flushed to shared memory (just after commit, or by
+ * idle-timeout). This practically eliminates contention on individual stats
+ * entries. For most kinds of variable-numbered pending stats data is stored
+ * in PgStat_EntryRef->pending. All entries with pending data are in the
+ * pgStatPending list. Pending statistics updates are flushed out by
+ * pgstat_report_stat().
+ *
+ * The behavior of different kinds of statistics is determined by the kind's
+ * entry in pgstat_kind_infos, see PgStat_KindInfo for details.
+ *
+ * The consistency of read accesses to statistics can be configured using the
+ * stats_fetch_consistency GUC (see config.sgml and monitoring.sgml for the
+ * settings). When using PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE or
+ * PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT statistics are stored in
+ * pgStatLocal.snapshot.
+ *
+ * To keep things manageable, stats handling is split across several
+ * files. Infrastructure pieces are in:
+ * - pgstat.c - this file, to tie it all together
+ * - pgstat_shmem.c - nearly everything dealing with shared memory, including
+ *   the maintenance of hashtable entries
+ * - pgstat_xact.c - transactional integration, including the transactional
+ *   creation and dropping of stats entries
+ *
+ * Each statistics kind is handled in a dedicated file:
+ * - pgstat_archiver.c
+ * - pgstat_bgwriter.c
+ * - pgstat_checkpointer.c
+ * - pgstat_database.c
+ * - pgstat_function.c
+ * - pgstat_relation.c
+ * - pgstat_slru.c
+ * - pgstat_subscription.c
+ * - pgstat_wal.c
+ *
+ * Whenever possible infrastructure files should not contain code related to
+ * specific kinds of stats.
+ *
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *	  src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
  * ----------
  */
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <netdb.h>
-#include <netinet/in.h>
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
-#include <sys/select.h>
-#endif
 
-#include "access/heapam.h"
-#include "access/htup_details.h"
-#include "access/tableam.h"
 #include "access/transam.h"
 #include "access/xact.h"
-#include "catalog/catalog.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_database.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_subscription.h"
-#include "common/ip.h"
-#include "libpq/libpq.h"
-#include "libpq/pqsignal.h"
-#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
+#include "common/hashfn.h"
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
-#include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
-#include "postmaster/fork_process.h"
-#include "postmaster/interrupt.h"
-#include "postmaster/postmaster.h"
-#include "replication/slot.h"
-#include "replication/walsender.h"
-#include "storage/backendid.h"
-#include "storage/dsm.h"
+#include "port/atomics.h"
 #include "storage/fd.h"
 #include "storage/ipc.h"
-#include "storage/latch.h"
-#include "storage/lmgr.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
 #include "storage/pg_shmem.h"
-#include "storage/proc.h"
-#include "storage/procsignal.h"
-#include "utils/builtins.h"
+#include "storage/shmem.h"
 #include "utils/guc.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
-#include "utils/ps_status.h"
-#include "utils/rel.h"
-#include "utils/snapmgr.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
 /* ----------
  * Timer definitions.
+ *
+ * In milliseconds.
  * ----------
  */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY		10	/* How long to wait between checks for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
+/* minimum interval non-forced stats flushes.*/
+#define PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL			1000
+/* how long until to block flushing pending stats updates */
+#define PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL			60000
+/* when to call pgstat_report_stat() again, even when idle */
+#define PGSTAT_IDLE_INTERVAL		10000
 
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME	10000	/* Maximum time to wait for a stats
-										 * file update; in milliseconds. */
+/* ----------
+ * Initial size hints for the hash tables used in statistics.
+ * ----------
+ */
 
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL		640 /* How often to ping the collector for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_SNAPSHOT_HASH_SIZE	512
 
-#define PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL 60	/* How often to attempt to restart a
-									 * failed statistics collector; in
-									 * seconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
+/* hash table for statistics snapshots entry */
+typedef struct PgStat_SnapshotEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	void	   *data;			/* the stats data itself */
+} PgStat_SnapshotEntry;
 
-/* Minimum receive buffer size for the collector's socket. */
-#define PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF		(100 * 1024)
+
+/* ----------
+ * Backend-local Hash Table Definitions
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/* for stats snapshot entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_snapshot
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStat_SnapshotEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStat_HashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	pgstat_hash_key_hash(&key, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey), NULL)
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) \
+	pgstat_hash_key_cmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey), NULL) == 0
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -102,63 +165,18 @@
  * ----------
  */
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-static pid_t pgstat_forkexec(void);
-#endif
+static void pgstat_write_statsfile(void);
+static void pgstat_read_statsfile(void);
 
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
+static void pgstat_reset_after_failure(TimestampTz ts);
 
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry,
-												 Oid tableoid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_get_subscription_entry(Oid subid, bool create);
-static void pgstat_reset_subscription(PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry, TimestampTz ts);
-static void pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs);
-static void pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent);
-static HTAB *pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep);
-static void pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-									 bool permanent);
-static void backend_read_statsfile(void);
+static bool pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait);
 
-static bool pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void);
-static bool pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid);
+static void pgstat_prep_snapshot(void);
+static void pgstat_build_snapshot(void);
+static void pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind);
 
-static PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_get_replslot_entry(NameData name, bool create_it);
-static void pgstat_reset_replslot(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotstats, TimestampTz ts);
-
-static HTAB *pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid);
-
-static void pgstat_setup_memcxt(void);
-
-static void pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_connect(PgStat_MsgConnect *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_disconnect(PgStat_MsgDisconnect *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int len);
+static inline bool pgstat_kind_valid(int ikind);
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -167,6 +185,7 @@ static void pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int
  */
 
 bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
+int			pgstat_fetch_consistency = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -175,6 +194,8 @@ bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
  */
 
 char	   *pgstat_stat_directory = NULL;
+
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 char	   *pgstat_stat_filename = NULL;
 char	   *pgstat_stat_tmpname = NULL;
 
@@ -184,44 +205,33 @@ char	   *pgstat_stat_tmpname = NULL;
  * ----------
  */
 
-pgsocket	pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
+PgStat_LocalState pgStatLocal;
 
 
 /* ----------
  * Local data
+ *
+ * NB: There should be only variables related to stats infrastructure here,
+ * not for specific kinds of stats.
  * ----------
  */
 
-static struct sockaddr_storage pgStatAddr;
+/*
+ * Memory contexts containing the pgStatEntryRefHash table, the
+ * pgStatSharedRef entries, and pending data respectively. Mostly to make it
+ * easier to track / attribute memory usage.
+ */
 
-static time_t last_pgstat_start_time;
-
-static bool pgStatRunningInCollector = false;
+static MemoryContext pgStatPendingContext = NULL;
 
 /*
- * Info about current "snapshot" of stats file
+ * Backend local list of PgStat_EntryRef with unflushed pending stats.
+ *
+ * Newly pending entries should only ever be added to the end of the list,
+ * otherwise pgstat_flush_pending_entries() might not see them immediately.
  */
-static MemoryContext pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-static HTAB *pgStatDBHash = NULL;
+static dlist_head pgStatPending = DLIST_STATIC_INIT(pgStatPending);
 
-/*
- * Cluster wide statistics, kept in the stats collector.
- * Contains statistics that are not collected per database
- * or per table.
- */
-static PgStat_ArchiverStats archiverStats;
-static PgStat_GlobalStats globalStats;
-static PgStat_WalStats walStats;
-static PgStat_SLRUStats slruStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-static HTAB *replSlotStatHash = NULL;
-static HTAB *subscriptionStatHash = NULL;
-
-/*
- * List of OIDs of databases we need to write out.  If an entry is InvalidOid,
- * it means to write only the shared-catalog stats ("DB 0"); otherwise, we
- * will write both that DB's data and the shared stats.
- */
-static List *pending_write_requests = NIL;
 
 /*
  * For assertions that check pgstat is not used before initialization / after
@@ -233,455 +243,234 @@ static bool pgstat_is_shutdown = false;
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+ * The different kinds of statistics.
+ *
+ * If reasonably possible, handling specific to one kind of stats should go
+ * through this abstraction, rather than making more of pgstat.c aware.
+ *
+ * See comments for struct PgStat_KindInfo for details about the individual
+ * fields.
+ *
+ * XXX: It'd be nicer to define this outside of this file. But there doesn't
+ * seem to be a great way of doing that, given the split across multiple
+ * files.
+ */
+static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_infos[PGSTAT_NUM_KINDS] = {
+
+	/* stats kinds for variable-numbered objects */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE] = {
+		.name = "database",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Database),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Database, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Database *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_database_flush_cb,
+		.reset_timestamp_cb = pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION] = {
+		.name = "relation",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Relation),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Relation, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Relation *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_relation_flush_cb,
+		.delete_pending_cb = pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION] = {
+		.name = "function",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Function),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Function, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Function *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_function_flush_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT] = {
+		.name = "replslot",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+		.named_on_disk = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_ReplSlot),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_ReplSlot, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) 0)->stats),
+
+		.reset_timestamp_cb = pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb,
+		.to_serialized_name = pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb,
+		.from_serialized_name = pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION] = {
+		.name = "subscription",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+		/* so pg_stat_subscription_stats entries can be seen in all databases */
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Subscription),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Subscription, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Subscription *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_BackendSubEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_subscription_flush_cb,
+		.reset_timestamp_cb = pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb,
+	},
+
+
+	/* stats for fixed-numbered (mostly 1) objects */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER] = {
+		.name = "archiver",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER] = {
+		.name = "bgwriter",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER] = {
+		.name = "checkpointer",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU] = {
+		.name = "slru",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_WAL] = {
+		.name = "wal",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+};
+
+
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Public functions called from postmaster follow
+ * Functions manging the state of the stats system for all backends.
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
 /*
- * Called from postmaster at startup. Create the resources required
- * by the statistics collector process.  If unable to do so, do not
- * fail --- better to let the postmaster start with stats collection
- * disabled.
+ * Read on-disk stats into memory at server start.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
  */
 void
-pgstat_init(void)
+pgstat_restore_stats(void)
+{
+	pgstat_read_statsfile();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove the stats file.  This is currently used only if WAL recovery is
+ * needed after a crash.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_discard_stats(void)
 {
-	socklen_t	alen;
-	struct addrinfo *addrs = NULL,
-			   *addr,
-				hints;
 	int			ret;
-	fd_set		rset;
-	struct timeval tv;
-	char		test_byte;
-	int			sel_res;
-	int			tries = 0;
 
-#define TESTBYTEVAL ((char) 199)
+	/* NB: this needs to be done even in single user mode */
 
-	/*
-	 * This static assertion verifies that we didn't mess up the calculations
-	 * involved in selecting maximum payload sizes for our UDP messages.
-	 * Because the only consequence of overrunning PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would
-	 * be silent performance loss from fragmentation, it seems worth having a
-	 * compile-time cross-check that we didn't.
-	 */
-	StaticAssertStmt(sizeof(PgStat_Msg) <= PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE,
-					 "maximum stats message size exceeds PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE");
-
-	/*
-	 * Create the UDP socket for sending and receiving statistic messages
-	 */
-	hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
-	hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
-	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
-	hints.ai_protocol = 0;
-	hints.ai_addrlen = 0;
-	hints.ai_addr = NULL;
-	hints.ai_canonname = NULL;
-	hints.ai_next = NULL;
-	ret = pg_getaddrinfo_all("localhost", NULL, &hints, &addrs);
-	if (ret || !addrs)
+	ret = unlink(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
+	if (ret != 0)
 	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("could not resolve \"localhost\": %s",
-						gai_strerror(ret))));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * On some platforms, pg_getaddrinfo_all() may return multiple addresses
-	 * only one of which will actually work (eg, both IPv6 and IPv4 addresses
-	 * when kernel will reject IPv6).  Worse, the failure may occur at the
-	 * bind() or perhaps even connect() stage.  So we must loop through the
-	 * results till we find a working combination. We will generate LOG
-	 * messages, but no error, for bogus combinations.
-	 */
-	for (addr = addrs; addr; addr = addr->ai_next)
-	{
-#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
-		/* Ignore AF_UNIX sockets, if any are returned. */
-		if (addr->ai_family == AF_UNIX)
-			continue;
-#endif
-
-		if (++tries > 1)
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("trying another address for the statistics collector")));
-
-		/*
-		 * Create the socket.
-		 */
-		if ((pgStatSock = socket(addr->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not create socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Bind it to a kernel assigned port on localhost and get the assigned
-		 * port via getsockname().
-		 */
-		if (bind(pgStatSock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not bind socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		alen = sizeof(pgStatAddr);
-		if (getsockname(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, &alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not get address of socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Connect the socket to its own address.  This saves a few cycles by
-		 * not having to respecify the target address on every send. This also
-		 * provides a kernel-level check that only packets from this same
-		 * address will be received.
-		 */
-		if (connect(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not connect socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Try to send and receive a one-byte test message on the socket. This
-		 * is to catch situations where the socket can be created but will not
-		 * actually pass data (for instance, because kernel packet filtering
-		 * rules prevent it).
-		 */
-		test_byte = TESTBYTEVAL;
-
-retry1:
-		if (send(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry1;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not send test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * There could possibly be a little delay before the message can be
-		 * received.  We arbitrarily allow up to half a second before deciding
-		 * it's broken.
-		 */
-		for (;;)				/* need a loop to handle EINTR */
-		{
-			FD_ZERO(&rset);
-			FD_SET(pgStatSock, &rset);
-
-			tv.tv_sec = 0;
-			tv.tv_usec = 500000;
-			sel_res = select(pgStatSock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &tv);
-			if (sel_res >= 0 || errno != EINTR)
-				break;
-		}
-		if (sel_res < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("select() failed in statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (sel_res == 0 || !FD_ISSET(pgStatSock, &rset))
-		{
-			/*
-			 * This is the case we actually think is likely, so take pains to
-			 * give a specific message for it.
-			 *
-			 * errno will not be set meaningfully here, so don't use it.
-			 */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONNECTION_FAILURE),
-					 errmsg("test message did not get through on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		test_byte++;			/* just make sure variable is changed */
-
-retry2:
-		if (recv(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry2;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not receive test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (test_byte != TESTBYTEVAL)	/* strictly paranoia ... */
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_INTERNAL_ERROR),
-					 errmsg("incorrect test message transmission on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* If we get here, we have a working socket */
-		break;
-	}
-
-	/* Did we find a working address? */
-	if (!addr || pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		goto startup_failed;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the socket to non-blocking IO.  This ensures that if the collector
-	 * falls behind, statistics messages will be discarded; backends won't
-	 * block waiting to send messages to the collector.
-	 */
-	if (!pg_set_noblock(pgStatSock))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not set statistics collector socket to nonblocking mode: %m")));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to ensure that the socket's receive buffer is at least
-	 * PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF bytes, so that it won't easily overflow and lose
-	 * data.  Use of UDP protocol means that we are willing to lose data under
-	 * heavy load, but we don't want it to happen just because of ridiculously
-	 * small default buffer sizes (such as 8KB on older Windows versions).
-	 */
-	{
-		int			old_rcvbuf;
-		int			new_rcvbuf;
-		socklen_t	rcvbufsize = sizeof(old_rcvbuf);
-
-		if (getsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-					   (char *) &old_rcvbuf, &rcvbufsize) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("%s(%s) failed: %m", "getsockopt", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-			/* if we can't get existing size, always try to set it */
-			old_rcvbuf = 0;
-		}
-
-		new_rcvbuf = PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF;
-		if (old_rcvbuf < new_rcvbuf)
-		{
-			if (setsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-						   (char *) &new_rcvbuf, sizeof(new_rcvbuf)) < 0)
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("%s(%s) failed: %m", "setsockopt", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-		}
-	}
-
-	pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	/* Now that we have a long-lived socket, tell fd.c about it. */
-	ReserveExternalFD();
-
-	return;
-
-startup_failed:
-	ereport(LOG,
-			(errmsg("disabling statistics collector for lack of working socket")));
-
-	if (addrs)
-		pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		closesocket(pgStatSock);
-	pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-
-	/*
-	 * Adjust GUC variables to suppress useless activity, and for debugging
-	 * purposes (seeing track_counts off is a clue that we failed here). We
-	 * use PGC_S_OVERRIDE because there is no point in trying to turn it back
-	 * on from postgresql.conf without a restart.
-	 */
-	SetConfigOption("track_counts", "off", PGC_INTERNAL, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
-}
-
-/*
- * subroutine for pgstat_reset_all
- */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_remove_files(const char *directory)
-{
-	DIR		   *dir;
-	struct dirent *entry;
-	char		fname[MAXPGPATH * 2];
-
-	dir = AllocateDir(directory);
-	while ((entry = ReadDir(dir, directory)) != NULL)
-	{
-		int			nchars;
-		Oid			tmp_oid;
-
-		/*
-		 * Skip directory entries that don't match the file names we write.
-		 * See get_dbstat_filename for the database-specific pattern.
-		 */
-		if (strncmp(entry->d_name, "global.", 7) == 0)
-			nchars = 7;
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			elog(DEBUG2,
+				 "didn't need to unlink permanent stats file \"%s\" - didn't exist",
+				 PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
 		else
-		{
-			nchars = 0;
-			(void) sscanf(entry->d_name, "db_%u.%n",
-						  &tmp_oid, &nchars);
-			if (nchars <= 0)
-				continue;
-			/* %u allows leading whitespace, so reject that */
-			if (strchr("0123456789", entry->d_name[3]) == NULL)
-				continue;
-		}
-
-		if (strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "tmp") != 0 &&
-			strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "stat") != 0)
-			continue;
-
-		snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "%s/%s", directory,
-				 entry->d_name);
-		unlink(fname);
-	}
-	FreeDir(dir);
-}
-
-/*
- * Remove the stats files.  This is currently used only if WAL
- * recovery is needed after a crash.
- */
-void
-pgstat_reset_all(void)
-{
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(pgstat_stat_directory);
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY);
-}
-
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-
-/*
- * Format up the arglist for, then fork and exec, statistics collector process
- */
-static pid_t
-pgstat_forkexec(void)
-{
-	char	   *av[10];
-	int			ac = 0;
-
-	av[ac++] = "postgres";
-	av[ac++] = "--forkcol";
-	av[ac++] = NULL;			/* filled in by postmaster_forkexec */
-
-	av[ac] = NULL;
-	Assert(ac < lengthof(av));
-
-	return postmaster_forkexec(ac, av);
-}
-#endif							/* EXEC_BACKEND */
-
-
-/*
- * Called from postmaster at startup or after an existing collector
- * died.  Attempt to fire up a fresh statistics collector.
- *
- * Returns PID of child process, or 0 if fail.
- *
- * Note: if fail, we will be called again from the postmaster main loop.
- */
-int
-pgstat_start(void)
-{
-	time_t		curtime;
-	pid_t		pgStatPid;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check that the socket is there, else pgstat_init failed and we can do
-	 * nothing useful.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do nothing if too soon since last collector start.  This is a safety
-	 * valve to protect against continuous respawn attempts if the collector
-	 * is dying immediately at launch.  Note that since we will be re-called
-	 * from the postmaster main loop, we will get another chance later.
-	 */
-	curtime = time(NULL);
-	if ((unsigned int) (curtime - last_pgstat_start_time) <
-		(unsigned int) PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL)
-		return 0;
-	last_pgstat_start_time = curtime;
-
-	/*
-	 * Okay, fork off the collector.
-	 */
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-	switch ((pgStatPid = pgstat_forkexec()))
-#else
-	switch ((pgStatPid = fork_process()))
-#endif
-	{
-		case -1:
 			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("could not fork statistics collector: %m")));
-			return 0;
-
-#ifndef EXEC_BACKEND
-		case 0:
-			/* in postmaster child ... */
-			InitPostmasterChild();
-
-			/* Close the postmaster's sockets */
-			ClosePostmasterPorts(false);
-
-			/* Drop our connection to postmaster's shared memory, as well */
-			dsm_detach_all();
-			PGSharedMemoryDetach();
-
-			PgstatCollectorMain(0, NULL);
-			break;
-#endif
-
-		default:
-			return (int) pgStatPid;
+					(errcode_for_file_access(),
+					 errmsg("could not unlink permanent statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+							PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		ereport(DEBUG2,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("unlinked permanent statistics file \"%s\"",
+						PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
 	}
-
-	/* shouldn't get here */
-	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * pgstat_before_server_shutdown() needs to be called by exactly one process
+ * during regular server shutdowns. Otherwise all stats will be lost.
+ *
+ * We currently only write out stats for proc_exit(0). We might want to change
+ * that at some point... But right now pgstat_discard_stats() would be called
+ * during the start after a disorderly shutdown, anyway.
+ */
 void
-allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void)
+pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg)
 {
-	last_pgstat_start_time = 0;
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shmem != NULL);
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats should only be reported after pgstat_initialize() and before
+	 * pgstat_shutdown(). This is a convenient point to catch most violations
+	 * of this rule.
+	 */
+	Assert(pgstat_is_initialized && !pgstat_is_shutdown);
+
+	/* flush out our own pending changes before writing out */
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Only write out file during normal shutdown. Don't even signal that
+	 * we've shutdown during irregular shutdowns, because the shutdown
+	 * sequence isn't coordinated to ensure this backend shuts down last.
+	 */
+	if (code == 0)
+	{
+		pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown = true;
+		pgstat_write_statsfile();
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -701,6 +490,7 @@ static void
 pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 {
 	Assert(!pgstat_is_shutdown);
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
 
 	/*
 	 * If we got as far as discovering our own database ID, we can flush out
@@ -709,7 +499,15 @@ pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 	 * failed backend starts might never get counted.)
 	 */
 	if (OidIsValid(MyDatabaseId))
-		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+		pgstat_report_disconnect(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	/* there shouldn't be any pending changes left */
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending));
+	dlist_init(&pgStatPending);
+
+	pgstat_detach_shmem();
 
 #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
 	pgstat_is_shutdown = true;
@@ -727,6 +525,8 @@ pgstat_initialize(void)
 {
 	Assert(!pgstat_is_initialized);
 
+	pgstat_attach_shmem();
+
 	pgstat_wal_initialize();
 
 	/* Set up a process-exit hook to clean up */
@@ -745,323 +545,119 @@ pgstat_initialize(void)
 
 /*
  * Must be called by processes that performs DML: tcop/postgres.c, logical
- * receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to send the so far collected
- * per-table and function usage statistics to the collector.  Note that this
- * is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair to use
- * transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
+ * receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to flush pending statistics updates to
+ * shared memory.
  *
- * "disconnect" is "true" only for the last call before the backend
- * exits.  This makes sure that no data is lost and that interrupted
- * sessions are reported correctly.
+ * Unless called with 'force', pending stats updates are flushed happen once
+ * per PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL (1000ms). When not forced, stats flushes do not
+ * block on lock acquisition, except if stats updates have been pending for
+ * longer than PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL (60000ms).
+ *
+ * Whenever pending stats updates remain at the end of pgstat_report_stat() a
+ * suggested idle timeout is returned. Currently this is always
+ * PGSTAT_IDLE_INTERVAL (10000ms). Callers can use the returned time to set up
+ * a timeout after which to call pgstat_report_stat(true), but are not
+ * required to to do so.
+ *
+ * Note that this is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair
+ * to use transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
  */
-void
-pgstat_report_stat(bool disconnect)
+long
+pgstat_report_stat(bool force)
 {
-	static TimestampTz last_report = 0;
-
+	static TimestampTz pending_since = 0;
+	static TimestampTz last_flush = 0;
+	bool		partial_flush;
 	TimestampTz now;
+	bool		nowait;
 
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	Assert(!IsTransactionBlock());
+
+	/* Don't expend a clock check if nothing to do */
+	if (dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending) &&
+		!have_slrustats &&
+		!pgstat_wal_pending())
+	{
+		Assert(pending_since == 0);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Don't expend a clock check if nothing to do.
+	 * There should never be stats to report once stats are shut down. Can't
+	 * assert that before the checks above, as there is an unconditional
+	 * pgstat_report_stat() call in pgstat_shutdown_hook() - which at least
+	 * the process that ran pgstat_before_server_shutdown() will still call.
 	 */
-	if (!have_relation_stats &&
-		pgStatXactCommit == 0 && pgStatXactRollback == 0 &&
-		!pgstat_wal_pending() &&
-		!have_function_stats && !disconnect)
-		return;
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
 
-	/*
-	 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-	 * msec since we last sent one, or the backend is about to exit.
-	 */
 	now = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
-	if (!disconnect &&
-		!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(last_report, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-		return;
 
-	last_report = now;
+	if (!force)
+	{
+		if (pending_since > 0 &&
+			TimestampDifferenceExceeds(pending_since, now, PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL))
+		{
+			/* don't keep pending updates longer than PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL */
+			force = true;
+		}
+		else if (last_flush > 0 &&
+				 !TimestampDifferenceExceeds(last_flush, now, PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL))
+		{
+			/* don't flush too frequently */
+			if (pending_since == 0)
+				pending_since = now;
 
-	if (disconnect)
-		pgstat_report_disconnect(MyDatabaseId);
+			return PGSTAT_IDLE_INTERVAL;
+		}
+	}
 
-	/* First, send relation statistics */
-	pgstat_send_tabstats(now, disconnect);
+	pgstat_update_dbstats(now);
 
-	/* Now, send function statistics */
-	pgstat_send_funcstats();
+	/* don't wait for lock acquisition when !force */
+	nowait = !force;
 
-	/* Send WAL statistics */
-	pgstat_report_wal(true);
+	partial_flush = false;
 
-	/* Finally send SLRU statistics */
-	pgstat_send_slru();
+	/* flush database / relation / function / ... stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_pending_entries(nowait);
+
+	/* flush wal stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_wal(nowait);
+
+	/* flush SLRU stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_slru_flush(nowait);
+
+	last_flush = now;
+
+	/*
+	 * If some of the pending stats could not be flushed due to lock
+	 * contention, let the caller know when to retry.
+	 */
+	if (partial_flush)
+	{
+		/* force should have prevented us from getting here */
+		Assert(!force);
+
+		/* remember since when stats have been pending */
+		if (pending_since == 0)
+			pending_since = now;
+
+		return PGSTAT_IDLE_INTERVAL;
+	}
+
+	pending_since = 0;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Will tell the collector about objects he can get rid of.
+ * Only for use by pgstat_reset_counters()
  */
-void
-pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
+static bool
+match_db_entries(PgStatShared_HashEntry *entry, Datum match_data)
 {
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge f_msg;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			len;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Read pg_database and make a list of OIDs of all existing databases
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(DatabaseRelationId, Anum_pg_database_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search the database hash table for dead databases and tell the
-	 * collector to drop them.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		/* the DB entry for shared tables (with InvalidOid) is never dropped */
-		if (OidIsValid(dbid) &&
-			hash_search(htab, (void *) &dbid, HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
-			pgstat_drop_database(dbid);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search for all the dead replication slots in stats hashtable and tell
-	 * the stats collector to drop them.
-	 */
-	if (replSlotStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotentry;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotentry = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (SearchNamedReplicationSlot(NameStr(slotentry->slotname), true) == NULL)
-				pgstat_drop_replslot(NameStr(slotentry->slotname));
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Repeat the above steps for subscriptions, if subscription stats are
-	 * being collected.
-	 */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-		/*
-		 * Read pg_subscription and make a list of OIDs of all existing
-		 * subscriptions.
-		 */
-		htab = pgstat_collect_oids(SubscriptionRelationId, Anum_pg_subscription_oid);
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &(subentry->subid), HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
-				pgstat_drop_subscription(subentry->subid);
-		}
-
-		hash_destroy(htab);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our own database entry; if not found, nothing more to do.
-	 */
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &MyDatabaseId,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry == NULL || dbentry->tables == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Similarly to above, make a list of all known relations in this DB.
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(RelationRelationId, Anum_pg_class_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Initialize our messages table counter to zero
-	 */
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check for all tables listed in stats hashtable if they still exist.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			tabid = tabentry->tableid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &tabid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-			continue;
-
-		/*
-		 * Not there, so add this table's Oid to the message
-		 */
-		msg.m_tableid[msg.m_nentries++] = tabid;
-
-		/*
-		 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-		 */
-		if (msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-				+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-			msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-			pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Send the rest
-	 */
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-	{
-		len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-			+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-		msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now repeat the above steps for functions.  However, we needn't bother
-	 * in the common case where no function stats are being collected.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL &&
-		hash_get_num_entries(dbentry->functions) > 0)
-	{
-		htab = pgstat_collect_oids(ProcedureRelationId, Anum_pg_proc_oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&f_msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE);
-		f_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->functions);
-		while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			Oid			funcid = funcentry->functionid;
-
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &funcid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * Not there, so add this function's Oid to the message
-			 */
-			f_msg.m_functionid[f_msg.m_nentries++] = funcid;
-
-			/*
-			 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-			 */
-			if (f_msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE)
-			{
-				len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-					+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-				pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-
-				f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Send the rest
-		 */
-		if (f_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-				+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-		}
-
-		hash_destroy(htab);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Collect the OIDs of all objects listed in the specified system catalog
- * into a temporary hash table.  Caller should hash_destroy the result
- * when done with it.  (However, we make the table in CurrentMemoryContext
- * so that it will be freed properly in event of an error.)
- */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
-{
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	Relation	rel;
-	TableScanDesc scan;
-	HeapTuple	tup;
-	Snapshot	snapshot;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = CurrentMemoryContext;
-	htab = hash_create("Temporary table of OIDs",
-					   PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-					   &hash_ctl,
-					   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	rel = table_open(catalogid, AccessShareLock);
-	snapshot = RegisterSnapshot(GetLatestSnapshot());
-	scan = table_beginscan(rel, snapshot, 0, NULL);
-	while ((tup = heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			thisoid;
-		bool		isnull;
-
-		thisoid = heap_getattr(tup, anum_oid, RelationGetDescr(rel), &isnull);
-		Assert(!isnull);
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		(void) hash_search(htab, (void *) &thisoid, HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-	}
-	table_endscan(scan);
-	UnregisterSnapshot(snapshot);
-	table_close(rel, AccessShareLock);
-
-	return htab;
+	return entry->key.dboid == DatumGetObjectId(MyDatabaseId);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1073,14 +669,8 @@ pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
 void
 pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_matching_entries(match_db_entries,
+								  ObjectIdGetDatum(MyDatabaseId));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1094,17 +684,16 @@ pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_single_counter(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid objoid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->accessed_across_databases);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_resettype = kind;
-	msg.m_objectid = objoid;
+	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
+	pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(MyDatabaseId, ts);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* reset the "single counter" */
+	pgstat_reset_entry(kind, MyDatabaseId, objoid);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1116,45 +705,19 @@ pgstat_reset_single_counter(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid objoid)
 void
 pgstat_reset_shared_counters(PgStat_Kind kind)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg;
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	Assert(kind_info->fixed_amount);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_resettarget = kind;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	kind_info->reset_all_cb(now);
 }
 
-/*
- * Send some junk data to the collector to increase traffic.
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Fetching of stats
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
-void
-pgstat_ping(void)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
-
-/*
- * Notify collector that we need fresh data.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_inquiry(TimestampTz clock_time, TimestampTz cutoff_time, Oid databaseid)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY);
-	msg.clock_time = clock_time;
-	msg.cutoff_time = cutoff_time;
-	msg.databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
 
 /*
  * Discard any data collected in the current transaction.  Any subsequent
@@ -1168,15 +731,19 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 {
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
-	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
-	if (pgStatLocalContext)
-		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatLocalContext);
+	memset(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid, 0,
+		   sizeof(pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid));
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats = NULL;
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
-	/* Reset variables */
-	pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-	pgStatDBHash = NULL;
-	replSlotStatHash = NULL;
-	subscriptionStatHash = NULL;
+	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
+	if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.context)
+	{
+		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context);
+
+		/* Reset variables */
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.context = NULL;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Historically the backend_status.c facilities lived in this file, and
@@ -1186,204 +753,396 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 	pgstat_clear_backend_activity_snapshot();
 }
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- * that the database doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
- * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- */
-PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid)
+void *
+pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
 {
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	PgStat_HashKey key;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	void	   *stats_data;
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
 
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the requested database; return NULL if not found
-	 */
-	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-											  (void *) &dbid,
-											  HASH_FIND, NULL);
-}
+	/* should be called from backends */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+	AssertArg(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the global statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_GlobalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_global(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	pgstat_prep_snapshot();
 
-	return &globalStats;
-}
+	key.kind = kind;
+	key.dboid = dboid;
+	key.objoid = objoid;
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- * that the table doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
- * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- */
-PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
-{
-	Oid			dbid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	/* if we need to build a full snapshot, do so */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		pgstat_build_snapshot();
 
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our database, then look in its table hash table.
-	 */
-	dbid = MyDatabaseId;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
+	/* if caching is desired, look up in cache */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
 	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
+		PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_lookup(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, key);
+
+		if (entry)
+			return entry->data;
+
+		/*
+		 * If we built a full snapshot and the key is not in
+		 * pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, there are no matching stats.
+		 */
+		if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+			return NULL;
+	}
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode = pgstat_fetch_consistency;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL);
+
+	if (entry_ref == NULL || entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+	{
+		/* create empty entry when using PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE */
+		if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE)
+		{
+			PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+			bool		found;
+
+			entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, key, &found);
+			Assert(!found);
+			entry->data = NULL;
+		}
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
+	 * Allocate in caller's context for PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE,
+	 * otherwise we could quickly end up with a fair bit of memory used due to
+	 * repeated accesses.
 	 */
-	dbid = InvalidOid;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+		stats_data = palloc(kind_info->shared_data_len);
+	else
+		stats_data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context,
+										kind_info->shared_data_len);
+	memcpy(stats_data,
+		   pgstat_get_entry_data(kind, entry_ref->shared_stats),
+		   kind_info->shared_data_len);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
 	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
+		PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+		bool		found;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, key, &found);
+		entry->data = stats_data;
 	}
 
-	return NULL;
+	return stats_data;
 }
 
-
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
+ * If a stats snapshot has been taken, return the timestamp at which that was
+ * done, and set *have_snapshot to true. Otherwise *have_snapshot is set to
+ * false.
  */
-PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
+TimestampTz
+pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry = NULL;
-
-	/* load the stats file if needed */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/* Lookup our database, then find the requested function.  */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->functions != NULL)
+	if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
 	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &func_id,
-														 HASH_FIND, NULL);
+		*have_snapshot = true;
+		return pgStatLocal.snapshot.snapshot_timestamp;
 	}
 
-	return funcentry;
+	*have_snapshot = false;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the archiver statistics struct.
+ * Ensure snapshot for a kind of global stats exist.
+ *
+ * Typically used by the pgstat_fetch_* functions for a kind of stats, before
+ * massaging the data into the desired format.
  */
-PgStat_ArchiverStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_valid(kind));
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
 
-	return &archiverStats;
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		pgstat_build_snapshot();
+	else
+		pgstat_build_snapshot_global(kind);
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_prep_snapshot(void)
+{
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE ||
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats != NULL)
+		return;
+
+	if (!pgStatLocal.snapshot.context)
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.context = AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
+															 "PgStat Snapshot",
+															 ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats =
+		pgstat_snapshot_create(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context,
+							   PGSTAT_SNAPSHOT_HASH_SIZE,
+							   NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_build_snapshot(void)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+
+	/* should only be called when we need a snapshot */
+	Assert(pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT);
+
+	/* snapshot already built */
+	if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_prep_snapshot();
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats->members == 0);
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.snapshot_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/*
+	 * Snapshot all variable stats.
+	 */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStat_Kind kind = p->key.kind;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+		bool		found;
+		PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry;
+		PgStatShared_Common *stats_data;
+
+		/*
+		 * Check if the stats object should be included in the snapshot.
+		 * Unless the stats kind can be accessed from all databases (e.g.,
+		 * database stats themselves), we only include stats for the current
+		 * database or objects not associated with a database (e.g. shared
+		 * relations).
+		 */
+		if (p->key.dboid != MyDatabaseId &&
+			p->key.dboid != InvalidOid &&
+			!kind_info->accessed_across_databases)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&p->refcount) > 0);
+
+		stats_data = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, p->body);
+		Assert(stats_data);
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, p->key, &found);
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		entry->data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context,
+										 kind_info->shared_size);
+		memcpy(entry->data,
+			   pgstat_get_entry_data(kind, stats_data),
+			   kind_info->shared_size);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * Build snapshot of all global stats.
+	 */
+	for (int kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST; kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
+	{
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+		if (!kind_info->fixed_amount)
+		{
+			Assert(kind_info->snapshot_cb == NULL);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		pgstat_build_snapshot_global(kind);
+	}
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+	Assert(kind_info->fixed_amount);
+	Assert(kind_info->snapshot_cb != NULL);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+	{
+		/* rebuild every time */
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind] = false;
+	}
+	else if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind])
+	{
+		/* in snapshot mode we shouldn't get called again */
+		Assert(pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+
+	kind_info->snapshot_cb();
+
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind] = true;
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Backend-local pending stats infrastructure
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Returns the appropriate PgStat_EntryRef, preparing it to receive pending
+ * stats if not already done.
+ */
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool *created_entry)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	/* need to be able to flush out */
+	Assert(pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->flush_pending_cb != NULL);
+
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatPendingContext))
+	{
+		pgStatPendingContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "PgStat Pending",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	}
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid,
+									 true, created_entry);
+
+	if (entry_ref->pending == NULL)
+	{
+		size_t		entrysize = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->pending_size;
+
+		Assert(entrysize != (size_t) -1);
+
+		entry_ref->pending = MemoryContextAllocZero(pgStatPendingContext, entrysize);
+		dlist_push_tail(&pgStatPending, &entry_ref->pending_node);
+	}
+
+	return entry_ref;
 }
 
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the bgwriter statistics struct.
+ * Return an existing stats entry, or NULL.
+ *
+ * This should only be used for helper function for pgstatfuncs.c - outside of
+ * that it shouldn't be needed.
  */
-PgStat_BgWriterStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
 
-	return &globalStats.bgwriter;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL);
+
+	if (entry_ref == NULL || entry_ref->pending == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return entry_ref;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
+{
+	PgStat_Kind kind = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.kind;
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+	void	   *pending_data = entry_ref->pending;
+
+	Assert(pending_data != NULL);
+	/* !fixed_amount stats should be handled explicitly */
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
+
+	if (kind_info->delete_pending_cb)
+		kind_info->delete_pending_cb(entry_ref);
+
+	pfree(pending_data);
+	entry_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+	dlist_delete(&entry_ref->pending_node);
 }
 
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the checkpointer statistics struct.
+ * Flush out pending stats for database objects (databases, relations,
+ * functions).
  */
-PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
+static bool
+pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	bool		have_pending = false;
+	dlist_node *cur = NULL;
 
-	return &globalStats.checkpointer;
-}
+	/*
+	 * Need to be a bit careful iterating over the list of pending entries.
+	 * Processing a pending entry may queue further pending entries to the end
+	 * of the list that we want to process, so a simple iteration won't do.
+	 * Further complicating matters is that we want to delete the current
+	 * entry in each iteration from the list if we flushed successfully.
+	 *
+	 * So we just keep track of the next pointer in each loop iteration.
+	 */
+	if (!dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending))
+		cur = dlist_head_node(&pgStatPending);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the WAL statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_WalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	while (cur)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref =
+		dlist_container(PgStat_EntryRef, pending_node, cur);
+		PgStat_HashKey key = entry_ref->shared_entry->key;
+		PgStat_Kind kind = key.kind;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+		bool		did_flush;
+		dlist_node *next;
 
-	return &walStats;
-}
+		Assert(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
+		Assert(kind_info->flush_pending_cb != NULL);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the slru statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_SLRUStats *
-pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+		/* flush the stats, if possible */
+		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait);
 
-	return slruStats;
-}
+		Assert(did_flush || nowait);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the replication slot statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+		/* determine next entry, before deleting the pending entry */
+		if (dlist_has_next(&pgStatPending, cur))
+			next = dlist_next_node(&pgStatPending, cur);
+		else
+			next = NULL;
 
-	return pgstat_get_replslot_entry(slotname, false);
-}
+		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
+		if (did_flush)
+			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
+		else
+			have_pending = true;
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one subscription or NULL.
- */
-PgStat_StatSubEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
-{
-	/* Load the stats file if needed */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+		cur = next;
+	}
 
-	return pgstat_get_subscription_entry(subid, false);
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending) == !have_pending);
+
+	return have_pending;
 }
 
 
@@ -1392,16 +1151,33 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
-/*
- * Create pgStatLocalContext, if not already done.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_setup_memcxt(void)
+PgStat_Kind
+pgstat_kind_from_str(char *kind_str)
 {
-	if (!pgStatLocalContext)
-		pgStatLocalContext = AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
-												   "Statistics snapshot",
-												   ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	for (int kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST; kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
+	{
+		if (pg_strcasecmp(kind_str, pgstat_kind_infos[kind].name) == 0)
+			return kind;
+	}
+
+	ereport(ERROR,
+			(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+			 errmsg("invalid statistics kind: \"%s\"", kind_str)));
+	return PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE;	/* avoid compiler warnings */
+}
+
+static inline bool
+pgstat_kind_valid(int ikind)
+{
+	return ikind >= PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST && ikind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST;
+}
+
+const PgStat_KindInfo *
+pgstat_kind_info_for(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_valid(kind));
+
+	return &pgstat_kind_infos[kind];
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1417,642 +1193,44 @@ pgstat_assert_is_up(void)
 }
 #endif
 
-/*
- * Set common header fields in a statistics message
- */
-void
-pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype)
-{
-	hdr->m_type = mtype;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Send out one statistics message to the collector
- */
-void
-pgstat_send(void *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			rc;
-
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	((PgStat_MsgHdr *) msg)->m_size = len;
-
-	/* We'll retry after EINTR, but ignore all other failures */
-	do
-	{
-		rc = send(pgStatSock, msg, len, 0);
-	} while (rc < 0 && errno == EINTR);
-
-#ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
-	/* In debug builds, log send failures ... */
-	if (rc < 0)
-		elog(LOG, "could not send to statistics collector: %m");
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * Start up the statistics collector process.  This is the body of the
- * postmaster child process.
- *
- * The argc/argv parameters are valid only in EXEC_BACKEND case.
- */
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void
-PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	int			len;
-	PgStat_Msg	msg;
-	int			wr;
-	WaitEvent	event;
-	WaitEventSet *wes;
-
-	/*
-	 * Ignore all signals usually bound to some action in the postmaster,
-	 * except SIGHUP and SIGQUIT.  Note we don't need a SIGUSR1 handler to
-	 * support latch operations, because we only use a local latch.
-	 */
-	pqsignal(SIGHUP, SignalHandlerForConfigReload);
-	pqsignal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGQUIT, SignalHandlerForShutdownRequest);
-	pqsignal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN);
-	/* Reset some signals that are accepted by postmaster but not here */
-	pqsignal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
-	PG_SETMASK(&UnBlockSig);
-
-	MyBackendType = B_STATS_COLLECTOR;
-	init_ps_display(NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Read in existing stats files or initialize the stats to zero.
-	 */
-	pgStatRunningInCollector = true;
-	pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, true, true);
-
-	/* Prepare to wait for our latch or data in our socket. */
-	wes = CreateWaitEventSet(CurrentMemoryContext, 3);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_LATCH_SET, PGINVALID_SOCKET, MyLatch, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH, PGINVALID_SOCKET, NULL, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_SOCKET_READABLE, pgStatSock, NULL, NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop to process messages until we get SIGQUIT or detect ungraceful
-	 * death of our parent postmaster.
-	 *
-	 * For performance reasons, we don't want to do ResetLatch/WaitLatch after
-	 * every message; instead, do that only after a recv() fails to obtain a
-	 * message.  (This effectively means that if backends are sending us stuff
-	 * like mad, we won't notice postmaster death until things slack off a
-	 * bit; which seems fine.)	To do that, we have an inner loop that
-	 * iterates as long as recv() succeeds.  We do check ConfigReloadPending
-	 * inside the inner loop, which means that such interrupts will get
-	 * serviced but the latch won't get cleared until next time there is a
-	 * break in the action.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		/* Clear any already-pending wakeups */
-		ResetLatch(MyLatch);
-
-		/*
-		 * Quit if we get SIGQUIT from the postmaster.
-		 */
-		if (ShutdownRequestPending)
-			break;
-
-		/*
-		 * Inner loop iterates as long as we keep getting messages, or until
-		 * ShutdownRequestPending becomes set.
-		 */
-		while (!ShutdownRequestPending)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Reload configuration if we got SIGHUP from the postmaster.
-			 */
-			if (ConfigReloadPending)
-			{
-				ConfigReloadPending = false;
-				ProcessConfigFile(PGC_SIGHUP);
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * Write the stats file(s) if a new request has arrived that is
-			 * not satisfied by existing file(s).
-			 */
-			if (pgstat_write_statsfile_needed())
-				pgstat_write_statsfiles(false, false);
-
-			/*
-			 * Try to receive and process a message.  This will not block,
-			 * since the socket is set to non-blocking mode.
-			 *
-			 * XXX On Windows, we have to force pgwin32_recv to cooperate,
-			 * despite the previous use of pg_set_noblock() on the socket.
-			 * This is extremely broken and should be fixed someday.
-			 */
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 1;
-#endif
-
-			len = recv(pgStatSock, (char *) &msg,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_Msg), 0);
-
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 0;
-#endif
-
-			if (len < 0)
-			{
-				if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EINTR)
-					break;		/* out of inner loop */
-				ereport(ERROR,
-						(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-						 errmsg("could not read statistics message: %m")));
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * We ignore messages that are smaller than our common header
-			 */
-			if (len < sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * The received length must match the length in the header
-			 */
-			if (msg.msg_hdr.m_size != len)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * O.K. - we accept this message.  Process it.
-			 */
-			switch (msg.msg_hdr.m_type)
-			{
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY:
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY:
-					pgstat_recv_inquiry(&msg.msg_inquiry, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_tabstat(&msg.msg_tabstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_tabpurge(&msg.msg_tabpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB:
-					pgstat_recv_dropdb(&msg.msg_dropdb, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetcounter(&msg.msg_resetcounter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(&msg.msg_resetsharedcounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(&msg.msg_resetsinglecounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(&msg.msg_resetslrucounter,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(&msg.msg_resetreplslotcounter,
-													 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(&msg.msg_resetsubcounter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START:
-					pgstat_recv_autovac(&msg.msg_autovacuum_start, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM:
-					pgstat_recv_vacuum(&msg.msg_vacuum, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE:
-					pgstat_recv_analyze(&msg.msg_analyze, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER:
-					pgstat_recv_archiver(&msg.msg_archiver, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER:
-					pgstat_recv_bgwriter(&msg.msg_bgwriter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER:
-					pgstat_recv_checkpointer(&msg.msg_checkpointer, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL:
-					pgstat_recv_wal(&msg.msg_wal, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU:
-					pgstat_recv_slru(&msg.msg_slru, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_funcstat(&msg.msg_funcstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_funcpurge(&msg.msg_funcpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT:
-					pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(&msg.msg_recoveryconflict,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK:
-					pgstat_recv_deadlock(&msg.msg_deadlock, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE:
-					pgstat_recv_tempfile(&msg.msg_tempfile, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE:
-					pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(&msg.msg_checksumfailure,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT:
-					pgstat_recv_replslot(&msg.msg_replslot, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT:
-					pgstat_recv_connect(&msg.msg_connect, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT:
-					pgstat_recv_disconnect(&msg.msg_disconnect, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP:
-					pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(&msg.msg_subscriptiondrop, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR:
-					pgstat_recv_subscription_error(&msg.msg_subscriptionerror, len);
-					break;
-
-				default:
-					break;
-			}
-		}						/* end of inner message-processing loop */
-
-		/* Sleep until there's something to do */
-#ifndef WIN32
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, -1L, &event, 1, WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#else
-
-		/*
-		 * Windows, at least in its Windows Server 2003 R2 incarnation,
-		 * sometimes loses FD_READ events.  Waking up and retrying the recv()
-		 * fixes that, so don't sleep indefinitely.  This is a crock of the
-		 * first water, but until somebody wants to debug exactly what's
-		 * happening there, this is the best we can do.  The two-second
-		 * timeout matches our pre-9.2 behavior, and needs to be short enough
-		 * to not provoke "using stale statistics" complaints from
-		 * backend_read_statsfile.
-		 */
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, 2 * 1000L /* msec */ , &event, 1,
-							  WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#endif
-
-		/*
-		 * Emergency bailout if postmaster has died.  This is to avoid the
-		 * necessity for manual cleanup of all postmaster children.
-		 */
-		if (wr == 1 && event.events == WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH)
-			break;
-	}							/* end of outer loop */
-
-	/*
-	 * Save the final stats to reuse at next startup.
-	 */
-	pgstat_write_statsfiles(true, true);
-
-	FreeWaitEventSet(wes);
-
-	exit(0);
-}
-
-/*
- * Subroutine to clear stats in a database entry
- *
- * Tables and functions hashes are initialized to empty.
- */
-static void
-reset_dbentry_counters(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_hit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_returned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_updated = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted = 0;
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_lock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes = 0;
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks = 0;
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures = 0;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions = 0;
-	dbentry->total_session_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_active_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_fatal = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_killed = 0;
-
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-	dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-								  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-								  &hash_ctl,
-								  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-	dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-									 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									 &hash_ctl,
-									 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-}
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified database. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this database */
-	result = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												&databaseid,
-												action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not found, initialize the new one.  This creates empty hash tables
-	 * for tables and functions, too.
-	 */
-	if (!found)
-		reset_dbentry_counters(result);
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified table. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, Oid tableoid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this table */
-	result = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-												 &tableoid,
-												 action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* If not found, initialize the new one. */
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		result->numscans = 0;
-		result->tuples_returned = 0;
-		result->tuples_fetched = 0;
-		result->tuples_inserted = 0;
-		result->tuples_updated = 0;
-		result->tuples_deleted = 0;
-		result->tuples_hot_updated = 0;
-		result->n_live_tuples = 0;
-		result->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-		result->changes_since_analyze = 0;
-		result->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-		result->blocks_fetched = 0;
-		result->blocks_hit = 0;
-		result->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->analyze_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-	}
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the entry of replication slot stats with the given name. Return
- * NULL if not found and the caller didn't request to create it.
- *
- * create tells whether to create the new slot entry if it is not found.
- */
-static PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
-pgstat_get_replslot_entry(NameData name, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-	bool		found;
-
-	if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-		/*
-		 * Quick return NULL if the hash table is empty and the caller didn't
-		 * request to create the entry.
-		 */
-		if (!create)
-			return NULL;
-
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(NameData);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry);
-		replSlotStatHash = hash_create("Replication slots hash",
-									   PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE,
-									   &hash_ctl,
-									   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-													   (void *) &name,
-													   create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND,
-													   &found);
-
-	if (!slotent)
-	{
-		/* not found */
-		Assert(!create && !found);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	/* initialize the entry */
-	if (create && !found)
-	{
-		namestrcpy(&(slotent->slotname), NameStr(name));
-		pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, 0);
-	}
-
-	return slotent;
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset the given replication slot stats.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_replslot(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent, TimestampTz ts)
-{
-	/* reset only counters. Don't clear slot name */
-	slotent->spill_txns = 0;
-	slotent->spill_count = 0;
-	slotent->spill_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->stream_txns = 0;
-	slotent->stream_count = 0;
-	slotent->stream_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->total_txns = 0;
-	slotent->total_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the subscription statistics entry with the given subscription OID.
- * If no subscription entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is
- * true.  Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatSubEntry *
-pgstat_get_subscription_entry(Oid subid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-		/*
-		 * Quick return NULL if the hash table is empty and the caller didn't
-		 * request to create the entry.
-		 */
-		if (!create)
-			return NULL;
-
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry);
-		subscriptionStatHash = hash_create("Subscription hash",
-										   PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE,
-										   &hash_ctl,
-										   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash,
-												   (void *) &subid,
-												   action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* If not found, initialize the new one */
-	if (!found)
-		pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, 0);
-
-	return subentry;
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset the given subscription stats.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_subscription(PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry, TimestampTz ts)
-{
-	subentry->apply_error_count = 0;
-	subentry->sync_error_count = 0;
-	subentry->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-}
-
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
  * reading and writing of on-disk stats file
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
+/* helpers for pgstat_write_statsfile() */
+static void
+write_chunk(FILE *fpout, void *ptr, size_t len)
+{
+	int			rc;
+
+	rc = fwrite(ptr, len, 1, fpout);
+
+	/* we'll check for errors with ferror once at the end */
+	(void) rc;
+}
+
+#define write_chunk_s(fpout, ptr) write_chunk(fpout, ptr, sizeof(*ptr))
+
 /*
- * Write the global statistics file, as well as requested DB files.
- *
- * 'permanent' specifies writing to the permanent files not temporary ones.
- * When true (happens only when the collector is shutting down), also remove
- * the temporary files so that backends starting up under a new postmaster
- * can't read old data before the new collector is ready.
- *
- * When 'allDbs' is false, only the requested databases (listed in
- * pending_write_requests) will be written; otherwise, all databases
- * will be written.
+ * This function is called in the last process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
+pgstat_write_statsfile(void)
 {
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	FILE	   *fpout;
 	int32		format_id;
-	const char *tmpfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE : pgstat_stat_tmpname;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-	int			rc;
+	const char *tmpfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *ps;
+
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+
+	/* we're shutting down, so it's ok to just override this */
+	pgstat_fetch_consistency = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
 	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
 
@@ -2069,2077 +1247,355 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Set the timestamp of the stats file.
-	 */
-	globalStats.stats_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
 	/*
 	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
 	 */
 	format_id = PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID;
-	rc = fwrite(&format_id, sizeof(format_id), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &format_id);
 
 	/*
-	 * Write global stats struct
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&globalStats, sizeof(globalStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
 	 * Write archiver stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&archiverStats, sizeof(archiverStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.archiver);
 
 	/*
-	 * Write WAL stats struct
+	 * Write bgwriter stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&walStats, sizeof(walStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter);
+
+	/*
+	 * Write checkpointer stats struct
+	 */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer);
 
 	/*
 	 * Write SLRU stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(slruStats, sizeof(slruStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.slru);
 
 	/*
-	 * Walk through the database table.
+	 * Write WAL stats struct
 	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_WAL);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal);
+
+	/*
+	 * Walk through the stats entries
+	 */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((ps = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Write out the table and function stats for this DB into the
-		 * appropriate per-DB stat file, if required.
-		 */
-		if (allDbs || pgstat_db_requested(dbentry->databaseid))
-		{
-			/* Make DB's timestamp consistent with the global stats */
-			dbentry->stats_timestamp = globalStats.stats_timestamp;
-
-			pgstat_write_db_statsfile(dbentry, permanent);
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Write out the DB entry. We don't write the tables or functions
-		 * pointers, since they're of no use to any other process.
-		 */
-		fputc('D', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(dbentry, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write replication slot stats struct
-	 */
-	if (replSlotStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			fputc('R', fpout);
-			rc = fwrite(slotent, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), 1, fpout);
-			(void) rc;			/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write subscription stats struct
-	 */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			fputc('S', fpout);
-			rc = fwrite(subentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), 1, fpout);
-			(void) rc;			/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
-	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
-	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite above.
-	 */
-	fputc('E', fpout);
-
-	if (ferror(fpout))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpout);
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile, statfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-		unlink(pgstat_stat_filename);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now throw away the list of requests.  Note that requests sent after we
-	 * started the write are still waiting on the network socket.
-	 */
-	list_free(pending_write_requests);
-	pending_write_requests = NIL;
-}
-
-/*
- * return the filename for a DB stat file; filename is the output buffer,
- * of length len.
- */
-static void
-get_dbstat_filename(bool permanent, bool tempname, Oid databaseid,
-					char *filename, int len)
-{
-	int			printed;
-
-	/* NB -- pgstat_reset_remove_files knows about the pattern this uses */
-	printed = snprintf(filename, len, "%s/db_%u.%s",
-					   permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY :
-					   pgstat_stat_directory,
-					   databaseid,
-					   tempname ? "tmp" : "stat");
-	if (printed >= len)
-		elog(ERROR, "overlength pgstat path");
-}
-
-/*
- * Write the stat file for a single database.
- *
- * If writing to the permanent file (happens when the collector is
- * shutting down only), remove the temporary file so that backends
- * starting up under a new postmaster can't read the old data before
- * the new collector is ready.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
-{
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS tstat;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpout;
-	int32		format_id;
-	Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-	int			rc;
-	char		tmpfile[MAXPGPATH];
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, true, dbid, tmpfile, MAXPGPATH);
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-
-	/*
-	 * Open the statistics temp file to write out the current values.
-	 */
-	fpout = AllocateFile(tmpfile, PG_BINARY_W);
-	if (fpout == NULL)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not open temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
-	 */
-	format_id = PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID;
-	rc = fwrite(&format_id, sizeof(format_id), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's access stats per table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&tstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&tstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('T', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(tabentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's function stats table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, dbentry->functions);
-	while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('F', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(funcentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
-	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
-	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite above.
-	 */
-	fputc('E', fpout);
-
-	if (ferror(fpout))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpout);
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile, statfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing temporary stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reads in some existing statistics collector files and returns the
- * databases hash table that is the top level of the data.
- *
- * If 'onlydb' is not InvalidOid, it means we only want data for that DB
- * plus the shared catalogs ("DB 0").  We'll still populate the DB hash
- * table for all databases, but we don't bother even creating table/function
- * hash tables for other databases.
- *
- * 'permanent' specifies reading from the permanent files not temporary ones.
- * When true (happens only when the collector is starting up), remove the
- * files after reading; the in-memory status is now authoritative, and the
- * files would be out of date in case somebody else reads them.
- *
- * If a 'deep' read is requested, table/function stats are read, otherwise
- * the table/function hash tables remain empty.
- */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbbuf;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	HTAB	   *dbhash;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	bool		found;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-	int			i;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * The tables will live in pgStatLocalContext.
-	 */
-	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
-
-	/*
-	 * Create the DB hashtable
-	 */
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-	dbhash = hash_create("Databases hash", PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE, &hash_ctl,
-						 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	/*
-	 * Clear out global, archiver, WAL and SLRU statistics so they start from
-	 * zero in case we can't load an existing statsfile.
-	 */
-	memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-	memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-	memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-	memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the current timestamp (will be kept only in case we can't load an
-	 * existing statsfile).
-	 */
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the same reset timestamp for all SLRU items too.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-		slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
-	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
-	 * condition is suspicious.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return dbhash;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&globalStats, 1, sizeof(globalStats), fpin) != sizeof(globalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the permanent
-	 * stats file; we should be willing to write a temp stats file immediately
-	 * upon the first request from any backend.  This only matters if the old
-	 * file's timestamp is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL ago, but that's not
-	 * an unusual scenario.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-		globalStats.stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&archiverStats, 1, sizeof(archiverStats), fpin) != sizeof(archiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&walStats, 1, sizeof(walStats), fpin) != sizeof(walStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(slruStats, 1, sizeof(slruStats), fpin) != sizeof(slruStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbbuf, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Add to the DB hash
-				 */
-				dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(dbhash,
-															 (void *) &dbbuf.databaseid,
-															 HASH_ENTER,
-															 &found);
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(dbentry, &dbbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry));
-				dbentry->tables = NULL;
-				dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-				/*
-				 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the
-				 * permanent stats file; we should be willing to write a temp
-				 * stats file immediately upon the first request from any
-				 * backend.
-				 */
-				if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-					dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-				/*
-				 * Don't create tables/functions hashtables for uninteresting
-				 * databases.
-				 */
-				if (onlydb != InvalidOid)
-				{
-					if (dbbuf.databaseid != onlydb &&
-						dbbuf.databaseid != InvalidOid)
-						break;
-				}
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-											  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-											  &hash_ctl,
-											  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-												 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-												 &hash_ctl,
-												 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				/*
-				 * If requested, read the data from the database-specific
-				 * file.  Otherwise we just leave the hashtables empty.
-				 */
-				if (deep)
-					pgstat_read_db_statsfile(dbentry->databaseid,
-											 dbentry->tables,
-											 dbentry->functions,
-											 permanent);
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry struct describing a
-				 * replication slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				{
-					PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry slotbuf;
-					PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-					if (fread(&slotbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), fpin)
-						!= sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry))
-					{
-						ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-										statfile)));
-						goto done;
-					}
-
-					/* Create hash table if we don't have it already. */
-					if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
-					{
-						HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-						hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(NameData);
-						hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry);
-						hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-						replSlotStatHash = hash_create("Replication slots hash",
-													   PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE,
-													   &hash_ctl,
-													   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-					}
-
-					slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-																	   (void *) &slotbuf.slotname,
-																	   HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-					memcpy(slotent, &slotbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry));
-					break;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * 'S'	A PgStat_StatSubEntry struct describing subscription
-				 * statistics.
-				 */
-			case 'S':
-				{
-					PgStat_StatSubEntry subbuf;
-					PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-					if (fread(&subbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), fpin)
-						!= sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry))
-					{
-						ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-										statfile)));
-						goto done;
-					}
-
-					if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-					{
-						HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-						hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-						hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry);
-						hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-						subscriptionStatHash = hash_create("Subscription hash",
-														   PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE,
-														   &hash_ctl,
-														   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-					}
-
-					subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash,
-																   (void *) &subbuf.subid,
-																   HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-
-					memcpy(subentry, &subbuf, sizeof(subbuf));
-					break;
-				}
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-								statfile)));
-				goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-
-	/* If requested to read the permanent file, also get rid of it. */
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-
-	return dbhash;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Reads in the existing statistics collector file for the given database,
- * filling the passed-in tables and functions hash tables.
- *
- * As in pgstat_read_statsfiles, if the permanent file is requested, it is
- * removed after reading.
- *
- * Note: this code has the ability to skip storing per-table or per-function
- * data, if NULL is passed for the corresponding hashtable.  That's not used
- * at the moment though.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-						 bool permanent)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry tabbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry funcbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	bool		found;
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, databaseid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
-	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
-	 * condition is suspicious.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'T'	A PgStat_StatTabEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'T':
-				if (fread(&tabbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Skip if table data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (tabhash == NULL)
-					break;
-
-				tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(tabhash,
-															   (void *) &tabbuf.tableid,
-															   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(tabentry, &tabbuf, sizeof(tabbuf));
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'F'	A PgStat_StatFuncEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'F':
-				if (fread(&funcbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Skip if function data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (funchash == NULL)
-					break;
-
-				funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(funchash,
-																 (void *) &funcbuf.functionid,
-																 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(funcentry, &funcbuf, sizeof(funcbuf));
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'E'	The EOF marker of a complete stats file.
-				 */
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-								statfile)));
-				goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Attempt to determine the timestamp of the last db statfile write.
- * Returns true if successful; the timestamp is stored in *ts. The caller must
- * rely on timestamp stored in *ts iff the function returns true.
- *
- * This needs to be careful about handling databases for which no stats file
- * exists, such as databases without a stat entry or those not yet written:
- *
- * - if there's a database entry in the global file, return the corresponding
- * stats_timestamp value.
- *
- * - if there's no db stat entry (e.g. for a new or inactive database),
- * there's no stats_timestamp value, but also nothing to write so we return
- * the timestamp of the global statfile.
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(Oid databaseid, bool permanent,
-								   TimestampTz *ts)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbentry;
-	PgStat_GlobalStats myGlobalStats;
-	PgStat_ArchiverStats myArchiverStats;
-	PgStat_WalStats myWalStats;
-	PgStat_SLRUStats mySLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry myReplSlotStats;
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry mySubStats;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file.  As above, anything but ENOENT is worthy of
-	 * complaining about.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myGlobalStats, 1, sizeof(myGlobalStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myGlobalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myArchiverStats, 1, sizeof(myArchiverStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myArchiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myWalStats, 1, sizeof(myWalStats), fpin) != sizeof(myWalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(mySLRUStats, 1, sizeof(mySLRUStats), fpin) != sizeof(mySLRUStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/* By default, we're going to return the timestamp of the global file. */
-	*ts = myGlobalStats.stats_timestamp;
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file.  Read it and look for a
-	 * record for the requested database.  If found, use its timestamp.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbentry, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * If this is the DB we're looking for, save its timestamp and
-				 * we're done.
-				 */
-				if (dbentry.databaseid == databaseid)
-				{
-					*ts = dbentry.stats_timestamp;
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry struct describing a
-				 * replication slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				if (fread(&myReplSlotStats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'S'	A PgStat_StatSubEntry struct describing subscription
-				 * statistics follows.
-				 */
-			case 'S':
-				if (fread(&mySubStats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-				break;
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-	return true;
-}
-
-/*
- * If not already done, read the statistics collector stats file into
- * some hash tables.  The results will be kept until pgstat_clear_snapshot()
- * is called (typically, at end of transaction).
- */
-static void
-backend_read_statsfile(void)
-{
-	TimestampTz min_ts = 0;
-	TimestampTz ref_ts = 0;
-	Oid			inquiry_db;
-	int			count;
-
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
-
-	/* already read it? */
-	if (pgStatDBHash)
-		return;
-	Assert(!pgStatRunningInCollector);
-
-	/*
-	 * In a normal backend, we check staleness of the data for our own DB, and
-	 * so we send MyDatabaseId in inquiry messages.  In the autovac launcher,
-	 * check staleness of the shared-catalog data, and send InvalidOid in
-	 * inquiry messages so as not to force writing unnecessary data.
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		inquiry_db = InvalidOid;
-	else
-		inquiry_db = MyDatabaseId;
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop until fresh enough stats file is available or we ran out of time.
-	 * The stats inquiry message is sent repeatedly in case collector drops
-	 * it; but not every single time, as that just swamps the collector.
-	 */
-	for (count = 0; count < PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT; count++)
-	{
-		bool		ok;
-		TimestampTz file_ts = 0;
-		TimestampTz cur_ts;
+		PgStatShared_Common *shstats;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = NULL;
 
 		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-		ok = pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(inquiry_db, false, &file_ts);
+		/* we may have some "dropped" entries not yet removed, skip them */
+		Assert(!ps->dropped);
+		if (ps->dropped)
+			continue;
 
-		cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-		/* Calculate min acceptable timestamp, if we didn't already */
-		if (count == 0 || cur_ts < ref_ts)
+		shstats = (PgStatShared_Common *) dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, ps->body);
+
+		kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(ps->key.kind);
+
+		/* if not dropped the valid-entry refcount should exist */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&ps->refcount) > 0);
+
+		if (!kind_info->to_serialized_name)
 		{
-			/*
-			 * We set the minimum acceptable timestamp to PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-			 * msec before now.  This indirectly ensures that the collector
-			 * needn't write the file more often than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL. In
-			 * an autovacuum worker, however, we want a lower delay to avoid
-			 * using stale data, so we use PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY (since the
-			 * number of workers is low, this shouldn't be a problem).
-			 *
-			 * We don't recompute min_ts after sleeping, except in the
-			 * unlikely case that cur_ts went backwards.  So we might end up
-			 * accepting a file a bit older than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.  In
-			 * practice that shouldn't happen, though, as long as the sleep
-			 * time is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL; and we don't want to
-			 * tell the collector that our cutoff time is less than what we'd
-			 * actually accept.
-			 */
-			ref_ts = cur_ts;
-			if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY);
-			else
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL);
+			/* normal stats entry, identified by PgStat_HashKey */
+			fputc('S', fpout);
+			write_chunk_s(fpout, &ps->key);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			/* stats entry identified by name on disk (e.g. slots) */
+			NameData	name;
+
+			kind_info->to_serialized_name(shstats, &name);
+
+			fputc('N', fpout);
+			write_chunk_s(fpout, &ps->key.kind);
+			write_chunk_s(fpout, &name);
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * If the file timestamp is actually newer than cur_ts, we must have
-		 * had a clock glitch (system time went backwards) or there is clock
-		 * skew between our processor and the stats collector's processor.
-		 * Accept the file, but send an inquiry message anyway to make
-		 * pgstat_recv_inquiry do a sanity check on the collector's time.
-		 */
-		if (ok && file_ts > cur_ts)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * A small amount of clock skew between processors isn't terribly
-			 * surprising, but a large difference is worth logging.  We
-			 * arbitrarily define "large" as 1000 msec.
-			 */
-			if (file_ts >= TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(cur_ts, 1000))
-			{
-				char	   *filetime;
-				char	   *mytime;
-
-				/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-				filetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(file_ts));
-				mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("statistics collector's time %s is later than backend local time %s",
-								filetime, mytime)));
-				pfree(filetime);
-				pfree(mytime);
-			}
-
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-			break;
-		}
-
-		/* Normal acceptance case: file is not older than cutoff time */
-		if (ok && file_ts >= min_ts)
-			break;
-
-		/* Not there or too old, so kick the collector and wait a bit */
-		if ((count % PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT) == 0)
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-
-		pg_usleep(PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY * 1000L);
+		/* Write except the header part of the entry */
+		write_chunk(fpout,
+					pgstat_get_entry_data(ps->key.kind, shstats),
+					pgstat_get_entry_len(ps->key.kind));
 	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
 
-	if (count >= PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT)
+	/*
+	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
+	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
+	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite (in write_chunk()) above.
+	 */
+	fputc('E', fpout);
+
+	if (ferror(fpout))
+	{
 		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("using stale statistics instead of current ones "
-						"because stats collector is not responding")));
-
-	/*
-	 * Autovacuum launcher wants stats about all databases, but a shallow read
-	 * is sufficient.  Regular backends want a deep read for just the tables
-	 * they can see (MyDatabaseId + shared catalogs).
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, false, false);
-	else
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(MyDatabaseId, false, true);
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+						tmpfile)));
+		FreeFile(fpout);
+		unlink(tmpfile);
+	}
+	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+						tmpfile)));
+		unlink(tmpfile);
+	}
+	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
+						tmpfile, statfile)));
+		unlink(tmpfile);
+	}
 }
 
-/*
- * Do we need to write out any stats files?
- */
+/* helpers for pgstat_read_statsfile() */
 static bool
-pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void)
+read_chunk(FILE *fpin, void *ptr, size_t len)
 {
-	if (pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
-
-	/* Everything was written recently */
-	return false;
+	return fread(ptr, 1, len, fpin) == len;
 }
 
-/*
- * Checks whether stats for a particular DB need to be written to a file.
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid)
-{
-	/*
-	 * If any requests are outstanding at all, we should write the stats for
-	 * shared catalogs (the "database" with OID 0).  This ensures that
-	 * backends will see up-to-date stats for shared catalogs, even though
-	 * they send inquiry messages mentioning only their own DB.
-	 */
-	if (databaseid == InvalidOid && pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
-
-	/* Search to see if there's an open request to write this database. */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, databaseid))
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * stats collector message processing functions
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
- */
+#define read_chunk_s(fpin, ptr) read_chunk(fpin, ptr, sizeof(*ptr))
 
 /*
- * Process stat inquiry requests.
+ * Reads in existing statistics file into the shared stats hash.
+ *
+ * This function is called in the only process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len)
+pgstat_read_statsfile(void)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "received inquiry for database %u", msg->databaseid);
-
-	/*
-	 * If there's already a write request for this DB, there's nothing to do.
-	 *
-	 * Note that if a request is found, we return early and skip the below
-	 * check for clock skew.  This is okay, since the only way for a DB
-	 * request to be present in the list is that we have been here since the
-	 * last write round.  It seems sufficient to check for clock skew once per
-	 * write round.
-	 */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, msg->databaseid))
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check to see if we last wrote this database at a time >= the requested
-	 * cutoff time.  If so, this is a stale request that was generated before
-	 * we updated the DB file, and we don't need to do so again.
-	 *
-	 * If the requestor's local clock time is older than stats_timestamp, we
-	 * should suspect a clock glitch, ie system time going backwards; though
-	 * the more likely explanation is just delayed message receipt.  It is
-	 * worth expending a GetCurrentTimestamp call to be sure, since a large
-	 * retreat in the system clock reading could otherwise cause us to neglect
-	 * to update the stats file for a long time.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->databaseid, false);
-	if (dbentry == NULL)
-	{
-		/*
-		 * We have no data for this DB.  Enter a write request anyway so that
-		 * the global stats will get updated.  This is needed to prevent
-		 * backend_read_statsfile from waiting for data that we cannot supply,
-		 * in the case of a new DB that nobody has yet reported any stats for.
-		 * See the behavior of pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp.
-		 */
-	}
-	else if (msg->clock_time < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-	{
-		TimestampTz cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		if (cur_ts < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Sure enough, time went backwards.  Force a new stats file write
-			 * to get back in sync; but first, log a complaint.
-			 */
-			char	   *writetime;
-			char	   *mytime;
-
-			/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-			writetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(dbentry->stats_timestamp));
-			mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("stats_timestamp %s is later than collector's time %s for database %u",
-							writetime, mytime, dbentry->databaseid)));
-			pfree(writetime);
-			pfree(mytime);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Nope, it's just an old request.  Assuming msg's clock_time is
-			 * >= its cutoff_time, it must be stale, so we can ignore it.
-			 */
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-	else if (msg->cutoff_time <= dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-	{
-		/* Stale request, ignore it */
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We need to write this DB, so create a request.
-	 */
-	pending_write_requests = lappend_oid(pending_write_requests,
-										 msg->databaseid);
-}
-
-/*
- * Count what the backend has done.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	int			i;
+	FILE	   *fpin;
+	int32		format_id;
 	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Update database-wide stats.
-	 */
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_commit);
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_rollback);
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time += msg->m_block_read_time;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time += msg->m_block_write_time;
-
-	dbentry->total_session_time += msg->m_session_time;
-	dbentry->total_active_time += msg->m_active_time;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += msg->m_idle_in_xact_time;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		PgStat_TableEntry *tabmsg = &(msg->m_entry[i]);
-
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &(tabmsg->t_id),
-													   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new table entry, initialize counters to the values we
-			 * just got.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans = tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze = tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-
-			tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans += tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-
-			/*
-			 * If table was truncated/dropped, first reset the live/dead
-			 * counters.
-			 */
-			if (tabmsg->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
-			{
-				tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-			}
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze += tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-		}
-
-		/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
-		/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
-
-		/*
-		 * Add per-table stats to the per-database entry, too.
-		 */
-		dbentry->n_tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Arrange for dead table removal.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->tables)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_tableid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Arrange for dead database removal
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len)
-{
-	Oid			dbid = msg->m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(dbid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * If found, remove it (along with the db statfile).
-	 */
-	if (dbentry)
-	{
-		char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-
-		if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-		if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-		if (hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-						(void *) &dbid,
-						HASH_REMOVE, NULL) == NULL)
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errmsg("database hash table corrupted during cleanup --- abort")));
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset the statistics for the specified database.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.  Nothing to do if not there.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * We simply throw away all the database's table entries by recreating a
-	 * new hash table for them.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-	dbentry->tables = NULL;
-	dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * Reset database-level stats, too.  This creates empty hash tables for
-	 * tables and functions.
-	 */
-	reset_dbentry_counters(dbentry);
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some shared statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER ||
-		msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER)
-	{
-		/*
-		 * Reset the global, bgwriter and checkpointer statistics for the
-		 * cluster.
-		 */
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER)
-	{
-		/* Reset the archiver statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU)
-	{
-		int			i;
-		TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-		{
-			memset(&slruStats[i], 0, sizeof(slruStats[i]));
-			slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-		}
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_WAL)
-	{
-		/* Reset the WAL statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Presumably the sender of this message validated the target, don't
-	 * complain here if it's not valid
-	 */
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset a statistics for a single object, which may be of current
- * database or shared across all databases in the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	if (IsSharedRelation(msg->m_objectid))
-		dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(InvalidOid, false);
-	else
-		dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-	/* Remove object if it exists, ignore it if not */
-	if (msg->m_resettype == PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	else if (msg->m_resettype == PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some SLRU statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			i;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
+	PgStat_ShmemControl *shmem = pgStatLocal.shmem;
 	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+	/* shouldn't be called from postmaster */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+
+	elog(DEBUG2, "reading stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+
+	/*
+	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
+	 * returns zero for anything and statistics simply starts from scratch
+	 * with empty counters.
+	 *
+	 * ENOENT is a possibility if stats collection was previously disabled or
+	 * has not yet written the stats file for the first time.  Any other
+	 * failure condition is suspicious.
+	 */
+	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
 	{
-		/* reset entry with the given index */
-		if (msg->m_index == i)
-		{
-			memset(&slruStats[i], 0, sizeof(slruStats[i]));
-			slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some replication slot statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg,
-								 int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/* Return if we don't have replication slot statistics */
-	if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			ereport(LOG,
+					(errcode_for_file_access(),
+					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+							statfile)));
+		pgstat_reset_after_failure(ts);
 		return;
-
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	if (msg->clearall)
-	{
-		HASH_SEQ_STATUS sstat;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&sstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&sstat)) != NULL)
-			pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, ts);
 	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Get the slot statistics to reset */
-		slotent = pgstat_get_replslot_entry(msg->m_slotname, false);
-
-		/*
-		 * Nothing to do if the given slot entry is not found.  This could
-		 * happen when the slot with the given name is removed and the
-		 * corresponding statistics entry is also removed before receiving the
-		 * reset message.
-		 */
-		if (!slotent)
-			return;
-
-		/* Reset the stats for the requested replication slot */
-		pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, ts);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some subscription statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/* Return if we don't have replication subscription statistics */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	if (!OidIsValid(msg->m_subid))
-	{
-		HASH_SEQ_STATUS sstat;
-
-		/* Clear all subscription counters */
-		hash_seq_init(&sstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&sstat)) != NULL)
-			pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, ts);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Get the subscription statistics to reset */
-		subentry = pgstat_get_subscription_entry(msg->m_subid, false);
-
-		/*
-		 * Nothing to do if the given subscription entry is not found.  This
-		 * could happen when the subscription with the subid is removed and
-		 * the corresponding statistics entry is also removed before receiving
-		 * the reset message.
-		 */
-		if (!subentry)
-			return;
-
-		/* Reset the stats for the requested subscription */
-		pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, ts);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process an autovacuum signaling message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	/*
-	 * Store the last autovacuum time in the database's hashtable entry.
+	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = msg->m_start_time;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a VACUUM message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &format_id) ||
+		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
+		goto error;
 
 	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
 
 	/*
-	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
-	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
-	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
-	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
-	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
-	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
-	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
-	 * stragglers.
+	 * Read archiver stats struct
 	 */
-	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
-	{
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process an ANALYZE message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->archiver.stats))
+		goto error;
 
 	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
+	 * Read bgwriter stats struct
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->bgwriter.stats))
+		goto error;
 
 	/*
-	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
-	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
-	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
+	 * Read checkpointer stats struct
 	 */
-	if (msg->m_resetcounter)
-		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->checkpointer.stats))
+		goto error;
 
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
+	/*
+	 * Read SLRU stats struct
+	 */
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->slru.stats))
+		goto error;
+
+	/*
+	 * Read WAL stats struct
+	 */
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->wal.stats))
+		goto error;
+
+	/*
+	 * We found an existing statistics file. Read it and put all the hash
+	 * table entries into place.
+	 */
+	for (;;)
 	{
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->analyze_count++;
-	}
-}
+		char		t = fgetc(fpin);
 
-/*
- * Process a ARCHIVER message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_failed)
-	{
-		/* Failed archival attempt */
-		++archiverStats.failed_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_failed_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_failed_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_failed_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Successful archival operation */
-		++archiverStats.archived_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_archived_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_archived_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_archived_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a BGWRITER message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_written_clean += msg->m_buf_written_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.maxwritten_clean += msg->m_maxwritten_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_alloc += msg->m_buf_alloc;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a CHECKPOINTER message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.checkpointer.timed_checkpoints += msg->m_timed_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.requested_checkpoints += msg->m_requested_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_write_time += msg->m_checkpoint_write_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_sync_time += msg->m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_checkpoints += msg->m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_backend += msg->m_buf_written_backend;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_fsync_backend += msg->m_buf_fsync_backend;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a WAL message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len)
-{
-	walStats.wal_records += msg->m_wal_records;
-	walStats.wal_fpi += msg->m_wal_fpi;
-	walStats.wal_bytes += msg->m_wal_bytes;
-	walStats.wal_buffers_full += msg->m_wal_buffers_full;
-	walStats.wal_write += msg->m_wal_write;
-	walStats.wal_sync += msg->m_wal_sync;
-	walStats.wal_write_time += msg->m_wal_write_time;
-	walStats.wal_sync_time += msg->m_wal_sync_time;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a SLRU message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len)
-{
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_zeroed += msg->m_blocks_zeroed;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_hit += msg->m_blocks_hit;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_read += msg->m_blocks_read;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_written += msg->m_blocks_written;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_exists += msg->m_blocks_exists;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].flush += msg->m_flush;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].truncate += msg->m_truncate;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a RECOVERYCONFLICT message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	switch (msg->m_reason)
-	{
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
-
-			/*
-			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
-			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
-			 */
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
-			break;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a DEADLOCK message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks++;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a CHECKSUMFAILURE message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures += msg->m_failurecount;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = msg->m_failure_time;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a REPLSLOT message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_drop)
-	{
-		Assert(!msg->m_create);
-
-		/* Remove the replication slot statistics with the given name */
-		if (replSlotStatHash != NULL)
-			(void) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-							   (void *) &(msg->m_slotname),
-							   HASH_REMOVE,
-							   NULL);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-		slotent = pgstat_get_replslot_entry(msg->m_slotname, true);
-		Assert(slotent);
-
-		if (msg->m_create)
+		switch (t)
 		{
-			/*
-			 * If the message for dropping the slot with the same name gets
-			 * lost, slotent has stats for the old slot. So we initialize all
-			 * counters at slot creation.
-			 */
-			pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, 0);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/* Update the replication slot statistics */
-			slotent->spill_txns += msg->m_spill_txns;
-			slotent->spill_count += msg->m_spill_count;
-			slotent->spill_bytes += msg->m_spill_bytes;
-			slotent->stream_txns += msg->m_stream_txns;
-			slotent->stream_count += msg->m_stream_count;
-			slotent->stream_bytes += msg->m_stream_bytes;
-			slotent->total_txns += msg->m_total_txns;
-			slotent->total_bytes += msg->m_total_bytes;
+			case 'S':
+			case 'N':
+				{
+					PgStat_HashKey key;
+					PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+					PgStatShared_Common *header;
+
+					CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+					if (t == 'S')
+					{
+						/* normal stats entry, identified by PgStat_HashKey */
+						if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &key))
+							goto error;
+
+						if (!pgstat_kind_valid(key.kind))
+							goto error;
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						/* stats entry identified by name on disk (e.g. slots) */
+						const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = NULL;
+						PgStat_Kind kind;
+						NameData	name;
+
+						if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &kind))
+							goto error;
+						if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &name))
+							goto error;
+						if (!pgstat_kind_valid(kind))
+							goto error;
+
+						kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+						if (!kind_info->from_serialized_name)
+							goto error;
+
+						if (!kind_info->from_serialized_name(&name, &key))
+						{
+							/* skip over data for entry we don't care about */
+							if (fseek(fpin, pgstat_get_entry_len(kind), SEEK_CUR) != 0)
+							{
+								elog(LOG, "couldn't seek");
+								goto error;
+							}
+
+							continue;
+						}
+
+						Assert(key.kind == kind);
+					}
+
+					/*
+					 * This intentionally doesn't use pgstat_get_entry_ref() -
+					 * putting all stats into checkpointer's
+					 * pgStatEntryRefHash would be wasted effort and memory.
+					 */
+					p = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, &found);
+
+					/* don't allow duplicate entries */
+					if (found)
+					{
+						dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, p);
+						elog(WARNING, "found duplicate stats entry %d/%u/%u",
+							 key.kind, key.dboid, key.objoid);
+						goto error;
+					}
+
+					header = pgstat_init_entry(key.kind, p);
+					dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, p);
+
+					if (!read_chunk(fpin,
+									pgstat_get_entry_data(key.kind, header),
+									pgstat_get_entry_len(key.kind)))
+						goto error;
+
+					break;
+				}
+			case 'E':
+				goto done;
+
+			default:
+				goto error;
 		}
 	}
+
+done:
+	FreeFile(fpin);
+
+	elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+	unlink(statfile);
+
+	return;
+
+error:
+	ereport(LOG,
+			(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+
+	/* Set the current timestamp as reset timestamp */
+	pgstat_reset_after_failure(ts);
+
+	goto done;
 }
 
 /*
- * Process a CONNECT message.
+ * Helper to reset / drop stats after restoring stats from disk failed,
+ * potentially after already loading parts.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_recv_connect(PgStat_MsgConnect *msg, int len)
+pgstat_reset_after_failure(TimestampTz ts)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-	dbentry->n_sessions++;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a DISCONNECT message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_disconnect(PgStat_MsgDisconnect *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	switch (msg->m_cause)
+	/* reset fixed-numbered stats */
+	for (int kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST; kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
 	{
-		case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
-		case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
-			/* we don't collect these */
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
-			break;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+		if (!kind_info->fixed_amount)
+			continue;
+
+		kind_info->reset_all_cb(ts);
 	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a TEMPFILE message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes += msg->m_filesize;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files += 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Count what the backend has done.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry *funcmsg = &(msg->m_entry[0]);
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			i;
-	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++, funcmsg++)
-	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &(funcmsg->f_id),
-														 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new function entry, initialize counters to the values
-			 * we just got.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls = funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time = funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time = funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls += funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time += funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time += funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Arrange for dead function removal.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->functions)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_functionid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a SUBSCRIPTIONDROP message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop *msg, int len)
-{
-	/* Return if we don't have replication subscription statistics */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not */
-	(void) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash, (void *) &(msg->m_subid),
-					   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a SUBSCRIPTIONERROR message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-	/* Get the subscription stats */
-	subentry = pgstat_get_subscription_entry(msg->m_subid, true);
-	Assert(subentry);
-
-	if (msg->m_is_apply_error)
-		subentry->apply_error_count++;
-	else
-		subentry->sync_error_count++;
+
+	/* and drop variable-numbered ones */
+	pgstat_drop_all_entries();
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
index 80bb2695998..4dc1a5f1db3 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
@@ -255,7 +255,6 @@ static pid_t StartupPID = 0,
 			WalReceiverPID = 0,
 			AutoVacPID = 0,
 			PgArchPID = 0,
-			PgStatPID = 0,
 			SysLoggerPID = 0;
 
 /* Startup process's status */
@@ -517,7 +516,6 @@ typedef struct
 	PGPROC	   *AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PGPROC	   *PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-	InheritableSocket pgStatSock;
 	pid_t		PostmasterPid;
 	TimestampTz PgStartTime;
 	TimestampTz PgReloadTime;
@@ -652,9 +650,8 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 * CAUTION: when changing this list, check for side-effects on the signal
 	 * handling setup of child processes.  See tcop/postgres.c,
 	 * bootstrap/bootstrap.c, postmaster/bgwriter.c, postmaster/walwriter.c,
-	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/pgstat.c,
-	 * postmaster/syslogger.c, postmaster/bgworker.c and
-	 * postmaster/checkpointer.c.
+	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/syslogger.c,
+	 * postmaster/bgworker.c and postmaster/checkpointer.c.
 	 */
 	pqinitmask();
 	PG_SETMASK(&BlockSig);
@@ -1391,12 +1388,6 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 */
 	RemovePgTempFiles();
 
-	/*
-	 * Initialize stats collection subsystem (this does NOT start the
-	 * collector process!)
-	 */
-	pgstat_init();
-
 	/*
 	 * Initialize the autovacuum subsystem (again, no process start yet)
 	 */
@@ -1852,11 +1843,6 @@ ServerLoop(void)
 				start_autovac_launcher = false; /* signal processed */
 		}
 
-		/* If we have lost the stats collector, try to start a new one */
-		if (PgStatPID == 0 &&
-			(pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY))
-			PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		/* If we have lost the archiver, try to start a new one. */
 		if (PgArchPID == 0 && PgArchStartupAllowed())
 			PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
@@ -2791,8 +2777,6 @@ SIGHUP_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGHUP);
 		if (SysLoggerPID != 0)
 			signal_child(SysLoggerPID, SIGHUP);
-		if (PgStatPID != 0)
-			signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGHUP);
 
 		/* Reload authentication config files too */
 		if (!load_hba())
@@ -3121,8 +3105,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				AutoVacPID = StartAutoVacLauncher();
 			if (PgArchStartupAllowed() && PgArchPID == 0)
 				PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
-			if (PgStatPID == 0)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
 
 			/* workers may be scheduled to start now */
 			maybe_start_bgworkers();
@@ -3189,13 +3171,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				SignalChildren(SIGUSR2);
 
 				pmState = PM_SHUTDOWN_2;
-
-				/*
-				 * We can also shut down the stats collector now; there's
-				 * nothing left for it to do.
-				 */
-				if (PgStatPID != 0)
-					signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -3274,22 +3249,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * Was it the statistics collector?  If so, just try to start a new
-		 * one; no need to force reset of the rest of the system.  (If fail,
-		 * we'll try again in future cycles of the main loop.)
-		 */
-		if (pid == PgStatPID)
-		{
-			PgStatPID = 0;
-			if (!EXIT_STATUS_0(exitstatus))
-				LogChildExit(LOG, _("statistics collector process"),
-							 pid, exitstatus);
-			if (pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-			continue;
-		}
-
 		/* Was it the system logger?  If so, try to start a new one */
 		if (pid == SysLoggerPID)
 		{
@@ -3731,22 +3690,6 @@ HandleChildCrash(int pid, int exitstatus, const char *procname)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, (SendStop ? SIGSTOP : SIGQUIT));
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Force a power-cycle of the pgstat process too.  (This isn't absolutely
-	 * necessary, but it seems like a good idea for robustness, and it
-	 * simplifies the state-machine logic in the case where a shutdown request
-	 * arrives during crash processing.)
-	 */
-	if (PgStatPID != 0 && take_action)
-	{
-		ereport(DEBUG2,
-				(errmsg_internal("sending %s to process %d",
-								 "SIGQUIT",
-								 (int) PgStatPID)));
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
-		allow_immediate_pgstat_restart();
-	}
-
 	/* We do NOT restart the syslogger */
 
 	if (Shutdown != ImmediateShutdown)
@@ -3968,12 +3911,10 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 					FatalError = true;
 					pmState = PM_WAIT_DEAD_END;
 
-					/* Kill the walsenders, archiver and stats collector too */
+					/* Kill the walsenders and archiver too */
 					SignalChildren(SIGQUIT);
 					if (PgArchPID != 0)
 						signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGQUIT);
-					if (PgStatPID != 0)
-						signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -3997,8 +3938,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 	{
 		/*
 		 * PM_WAIT_DEAD_END state ends when the BackendList is entirely empty
-		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiver and stats
-		 * collector are gone too.
+		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiver is gone too.
 		 *
 		 * The reason we wait for those two is to protect them against a new
 		 * postmaster starting conflicting subprocesses; this isn't an
@@ -4008,8 +3948,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 		 * normal state transition leading up to PM_WAIT_DEAD_END, or during
 		 * FatalError processing.
 		 */
-		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) &&
-			PgArchPID == 0 && PgStatPID == 0)
+		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) && PgArchPID == 0)
 		{
 			/* These other guys should be dead already */
 			Assert(StartupPID == 0);
@@ -4229,8 +4168,6 @@ TerminateChildren(int signal)
 		signal_child(AutoVacPID, signal);
 	if (PgArchPID != 0)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, signal);
-	if (PgStatPID != 0)
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, signal);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5162,12 +5099,6 @@ SubPostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 		StartBackgroundWorker();
 	}
-	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forkcol") == 0)
-	{
-		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
-
-		PgstatCollectorMain(argc, argv);	/* does not return */
-	}
 	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forklog") == 0)
 	{
 		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
@@ -5271,12 +5202,6 @@ sigusr1_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 	if (CheckPostmasterSignal(PMSIGNAL_BEGIN_HOT_STANDBY) &&
 		pmState == PM_RECOVERY && Shutdown == NoShutdown)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Likewise, start other special children as needed.
-		 */
-		Assert(PgStatPID == 0);
-		PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		ereport(LOG,
 				(errmsg("database system is ready to accept read-only connections")));
 
@@ -6192,7 +6117,6 @@ extern slock_t *ShmemLock;
 extern slock_t *ProcStructLock;
 extern PGPROC *AuxiliaryProcs;
 extern PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
 extern pg_time_t first_syslogger_file_time;
 
 #ifndef WIN32
@@ -6248,8 +6172,6 @@ save_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port,
 	param->AuxiliaryProcs = AuxiliaryProcs;
 	param->PreparedXactProcs = PreparedXactProcs;
 	param->PMSignalState = PMSignalState;
-	if (!write_inheritable_socket(&param->pgStatSock, pgStatSock, childPid))
-		return false;
 
 	param->PostmasterPid = PostmasterPid;
 	param->PgStartTime = PgStartTime;
@@ -6483,7 +6405,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	AuxiliaryProcs = param->AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PreparedXactProcs = param->PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalState = param->PMSignalState;
-	read_inheritable_socket(&pgStatSock, &param->pgStatSock);
 
 	PostmasterPid = param->PostmasterPid;
 	PgStartTime = param->PgStartTime;
@@ -6522,8 +6443,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	if (postmaster_alive_fds[1] >= 0)
 		ReserveExternalFD();
 #endif
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		ReserveExternalFD();
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
index 656ec8f5555..30e33dace33 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
@@ -1911,7 +1911,6 @@ UpdateDecodingStats(LogicalDecodingContext *ctx)
 		 (long long) rb->totalTxns,
 		 (long long) rb->totalBytes);
 
-	namestrcpy(&repSlotStat.slotname, NameStr(ctx->slot->data.name));
 	repSlotStat.spill_txns = rb->spillTxns;
 	repSlotStat.spill_count = rb->spillCount;
 	repSlotStat.spill_bytes = rb->spillBytes;
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c
index 697fb23634c..b2cb31eaad7 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ finish_sync_worker(void)
 	if (IsTransactionState())
 	{
 		CommitTransactionCommand();
-		pgstat_report_stat(false);
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
 	}
 
 	/* And flush all writes. */
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ process_syncing_tables_for_apply(XLogRecPtr current_lsn)
 	if (started_tx)
 	{
 		CommitTransactionCommand();
-		pgstat_report_stat(false);
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1386,7 +1386,7 @@ LogicalRepSyncTableStart(XLogRecPtr *origin_startpos)
 							   MyLogicalRepWorker->relstate,
 							   MyLogicalRepWorker->relstate_lsn);
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
-	pgstat_report_stat(false);
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
 
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
@@ -1630,7 +1630,7 @@ AllTablesyncsReady(void)
 	if (started_tx)
 	{
 		CommitTransactionCommand();
-		pgstat_report_stat(false);
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
 	}
 
 	/*
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
index f3868b3e1f8..7ade49652e7 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
@@ -2937,6 +2937,12 @@ LogicalRepApplyLoop(XLogRecPtr last_received)
 			}
 
 			send_feedback(last_received, requestReply, requestReply);
+
+			/*
+			 * Force reporting to ensure long idle periods don't lead to
+			 * arbitrarily delayed stats.
+			 */
+			pgstat_report_stat(true);
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/slot.c b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
index 5d3b3fe6db6..9979173953e 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/slot.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
@@ -499,6 +499,14 @@ retry:
 
 	/* We made this slot active, so it's ours now. */
 	MyReplicationSlot = s;
+
+	/*
+	 * The call to pgstat_acquire_replslot() protects against stats for
+	 * a different slot, from before a restart or such, being present during
+	 * pgstat_report_replslot().
+	 */
+	if (SlotIsLogical(s))
+		pgstat_acquire_replslot(s);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -743,23 +751,13 @@ ReplicationSlotDropPtr(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 	elog(DEBUG3, "replication slot drop: %s: removed directory", NameStr(slot->data.name));
 
 	/*
-	 * Send a message to drop the replication slot to the stats collector.
-	 * Since there is no guarantee of the order of message transfer on a UDP
-	 * connection, it's possible that a message for creating a new slot
-	 * reaches before a message for removing the old slot. We send the drop
-	 * and create messages while holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock to
-	 * reduce that possibility. If the messages reached in reverse, we would
-	 * lose one statistics update message. But the next update message will
-	 * create the statistics for the replication slot.
-	 *
-	 * XXX In case, the messages for creation and drop slot of the same name
-	 * get lost and create happens before (auto)vacuum cleans up the dead
-	 * slot, the stats will be accumulated into the old slot. One can imagine
-	 * having OIDs for each slot to avoid the accumulation of stats but that
-	 * doesn't seem worth doing as in practice this won't happen frequently.
+	 * Drop the statistics entry for the replication slot.  Do this while
+	 * holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock so that we don't drop a
+	 * statistics entry for another slot with the same name just created in
+	 * another session.
 	 */
 	if (SlotIsLogical(slot))
-		pgstat_drop_replslot(NameStr(slot->data.name));
+		pgstat_drop_replslot(slot);
 
 	/*
 	 * We release this at the very end, so that nobody starts trying to create
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
index d73a40c1bc6..f80f90ac3cc 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
@@ -2151,7 +2151,7 @@ BufferSync(int flags)
 			if (SyncOneBuffer(buf_id, false, &wb_context) & BUF_WRITTEN)
 			{
 				TRACE_POSTGRESQL_BUFFER_SYNC_WRITTEN(buf_id);
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_checkpoints++;
 				num_written++;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2261,7 +2261,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 	strategy_buf_id = StrategySyncStart(&strategy_passes, &recent_alloc);
 
 	/* Report buffer alloc counts to pgstat */
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
 
 	/*
 	 * If we're not running the LRU scan, just stop after doing the stats
@@ -2451,7 +2451,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 			if (++num_written >= bgwriter_lru_maxpages)
 			{
-				PendingBgWriterStats.m_maxwritten_clean++;
+				PendingBgWriterStats.maxwritten_clean++;
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2459,7 +2459,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 	}
 
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_written_clean += num_written;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_written_clean += num_written;
 
 #ifdef BGW_DEBUG
 	elog(DEBUG1, "bgwriter: recent_alloc=%u smoothed=%.2f delta=%ld ahead=%d density=%.2f reusable_est=%d upcoming_est=%d scanned=%d wrote=%d reusable=%d",
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
index cd4ebe2fc5e..88ff59c568f 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ CalculateShmemSize(int *num_semaphores)
 	size = add_size(size, BTreeShmemSize());
 	size = add_size(size, SyncScanShmemSize());
 	size = add_size(size, AsyncShmemSize());
+	size = add_size(size, StatsShmemSize());
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 	size = add_size(size, ShmemBackendArraySize());
 #endif
@@ -296,6 +297,7 @@ CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(void)
 	BTreeShmemInit();
 	SyncScanShmemInit();
 	AsyncShmemInit();
+	StatsShmemInit();
 
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
index 8f7f1b2f7c3..c24779d0bbd 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
@@ -176,7 +176,13 @@ static const char *const BuiltinTrancheNames[] = {
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND: */
 	"ParallelAppend",
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST: */
-	"PerXactPredicateList"
+	"PerXactPredicateList",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DSA: */
+	"PgStatsDSA",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_HASH: */
+	"PgStatsHash",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA: */
+	"PgStatsData",
 };
 
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(BuiltinTrancheNames) ==
diff --git a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
index 260b650f15f..95dc2e2c835 100644
--- a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
+++ b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
@@ -3372,6 +3372,14 @@ ProcessInterrupts(void)
 			IdleSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 	}
 
+	if (IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending)
+	{
+		/* timer should have been disarmed */
+		Assert(!IsTransactionBlock());
+		IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+	}
+
 	if (ProcSignalBarrierPending)
 		ProcessProcSignalBarrier();
 
@@ -4044,6 +4052,7 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 	volatile bool send_ready_for_query = true;
 	bool		idle_in_transaction_timeout_enabled = false;
 	bool		idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
+	bool		idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
 
 	AssertArg(dbname != NULL);
 	AssertArg(username != NULL);
@@ -4407,6 +4416,8 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 			}
 			else
 			{
+				long stats_timeout;
+
 				/*
 				 * Process incoming notifies (including self-notifies), if
 				 * any, and send relevant messages to the client.  Doing it
@@ -4417,7 +4428,14 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 				if (notifyInterruptPending)
 					ProcessNotifyInterrupt(false);
 
-				pgstat_report_stat(false);
+				/* Start the idle-stats-update timer */
+				stats_timeout = pgstat_report_stat(false);
+				if (stats_timeout > 0)
+				{
+					idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = true;
+					enable_timeout_after(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+										 stats_timeout);
+				}
 
 				set_ps_display("idle");
 				pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
@@ -4452,9 +4470,9 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 		firstchar = ReadCommand(&input_message);
 
 		/*
-		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction and idle-session timeouts, if
-		 * active.  We do this before step (5) so that any last-moment timeout
-		 * is certain to be detected in step (5).
+		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction, idle-session and
+		 * idle-stats-update timeouts if active.  We do this before step (5) so
+		 * that any last-moment timeout is certain to be detected in step (5).
 		 *
 		 * At most one of these timeouts will be active, so there's no need to
 		 * worry about combining the timeout.c calls into one.
@@ -4469,6 +4487,11 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 			disable_timeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, false);
 			idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
 		}
+		if (idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled)
+		{
+			disable_timeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT, false);
+			idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * (5) disable async signal conditions again.
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile b/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile
index 791ba68e7e3..690312308f5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ OBJS = \
 	pgstat_function.o \
 	pgstat_relation.o \
 	pgstat_replslot.o \
+	pgstat_shmem.o \
 	pgstat_slru.o \
 	pgstat_subscription.o \
 	pgstat_wal.o \
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c
index 09bc12070da..65f66dd9b31 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c
@@ -27,14 +27,85 @@
 void
 pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg;
+	PgStatShared_Archiver *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver;
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER);
-	msg.m_failed = failed;
-	strlcpy(msg.m_xlog, xlog, sizeof(msg.m_xlog));
-	msg.m_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	changecount_before_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	if (failed)
+	{
+		++stats_shmem->stats.failed_count;
+		memcpy(&stats_shmem->stats.last_failed_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(stats_shmem->stats.last_failed_wal));
+		stats_shmem->stats.last_failed_timestamp = now;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		++stats_shmem->stats.archived_count;
+		memcpy(&stats_shmem->stats.last_archived_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(stats_shmem->stats.last_archived_wal));
+		stats_shmem->stats.last_archived_timestamp = now;
+	}
+
+	changecount_after_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the archiver statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_ArchiverStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.archiver;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Archiver *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver;
+
+	/* see explanation above PgStatShared_Archiver for the reset protocol */
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&stats_shmem->reset_offset,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+	stats_shmem->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Archiver *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats *stat_snap = &pgStatLocal.snapshot.archiver;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats *reset_offset = &stats_shmem->reset_offset;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats reset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(stat_snap,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+	if (stat_snap->archived_count == reset.archived_count)
+	{
+		stat_snap->last_archived_wal[0] = 0;
+		stat_snap->last_archived_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stat_snap->archived_count -= reset.archived_count;
+
+	if (stat_snap->failed_count == reset.failed_count)
+	{
+		stat_snap->last_failed_wal[0] = 0;
+		stat_snap->last_failed_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stat_snap->failed_count -= reset.failed_count;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c
index dfea88eca10..614acda1a05 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c
@@ -20,12 +20,7 @@
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 
 
-/*
- * BgWriter global statistics counters.  Stored directly in a stats
- * message structure so they can be sent without needing to copy things
- * around.  We assume this init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
+PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats = {0};
 
 
 /*
@@ -34,27 +29,81 @@ PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
 void
 pgstat_report_bgwriter(void)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgBgWriter all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_BgWriterStats all_zeroes;
 
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid unnecessarily modifying the stats entry.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgBgWriter)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(all_zeroes)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingBgWriterStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingBgWriterStats, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.changecount);
+
+#define BGWRITER_ACC(fld) pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.stats.fld += PendingBgWriterStats.fld
+	BGWRITER_ACC(buf_written_clean);
+	BGWRITER_ACC(maxwritten_clean);
+	BGWRITER_ACC(buf_alloc);
+#undef BGWRITER_ACC
+
+	changecount_after_write(&pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
 	MemSet(&PendingBgWriterStats, 0, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
 }
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the bgwriter statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_BgWriterStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter;
+
+	/* see explanation above PgStatShared_BgWriter for the reset protocol */
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&stats_shmem->reset_offset,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+	stats_shmem->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats *reset_offset = &stats_shmem->reset_offset;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats reset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+#define BGWRITER_COMP(fld) pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter.fld -= reset.fld;
+	BGWRITER_COMP(buf_written_clean);
+	BGWRITER_COMP(maxwritten_clean);
+	BGWRITER_COMP(buf_alloc);
+#undef BGWRITER_COMP
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c
index 3f4e2054f55..411dbf8c374 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c
@@ -20,12 +20,7 @@
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 
 
-/*
- * Checkpointer global statistics counters.  Stored directly in a stats
- * message structure so they can be sent without needing to copy things
- * around.  We assume this init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats = {0};
 
 
 /*
@@ -35,24 +30,92 @@ void
 pgstat_report_checkpointer(void)
 {
 	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgCheckpointer all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_CheckpointerStats all_zeroes;
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer;
+
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid unnecessarily modifying the stats entry.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(all_zeroes)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingCheckpointerStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingCheckpointerStats, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+#define CHECKPOINTER_ACC(fld) stats_shmem->stats.fld += PendingCheckpointerStats.fld
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(timed_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(requested_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(checkpoint_write_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(checkpoint_sync_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(buf_written_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(buf_written_backend);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(buf_fsync_backend);
+#undef CHECKPOINTER_ACC
+
+	changecount_after_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
 	MemSet(&PendingCheckpointerStats, 0, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
 }
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer() -
+ *
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the checkpointer statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer;
+
+	/* see explanation above PgStatShared_Checkpointer for the reset protocol */
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&stats_shmem->reset_offset,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats *reset_offset = &stats_shmem->reset_offset;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+#define CHECKPOINTER_COMP(fld) pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer.fld -= reset.fld;
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(timed_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(requested_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(checkpoint_write_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(checkpoint_sync_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(buf_written_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(buf_written_backend);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(buf_fsync_backend);
+#undef CHECKPOINTER_COMP
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index 0f2dd956d36..2d1b4b401e1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -19,39 +19,30 @@
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
+#include "storage/procsignal.h"
 
 
 static bool pgstat_should_report_connstat(void);
 
 
-int			pgStatXactCommit = 0;
-int			pgStatXactRollback = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatActiveTime = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
 SessionEndType pgStatSessionEndCause = DISCONNECT_NORMAL;
 
-
+static int	pgStatXactCommit = 0;
+static int	pgStatXactRollback = 0;
 static PgStat_Counter pgLastSessionReportTime = 0;
 
 
 /*
- * Tell the collector that we just dropped a database.
- * (If the message gets lost, we will still clean the dead DB eventually
- * via future invocations of pgstat_vacuum_stat().)
+ * Remove entry for the database being dropped.
  */
 void
 pgstat_drop_database(Oid databaseid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB);
-	msg.m_databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_drop_transactional(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, databaseid, InvalidOid);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -60,15 +51,39 @@ pgstat_drop_database(Oid databaseid)
 void
 pgstat_report_recovery_conflict(int reason)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_reason = reason;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	switch (reason)
+	{
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
+
+			/*
+			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
+			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
+			 */
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -77,14 +92,13 @@ pgstat_report_recovery_conflict(int reason)
 void
 pgstat_report_deadlock(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbent = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_deadlocks++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -93,17 +107,24 @@ pgstat_report_deadlock(void)
 void
 pgstat_report_checksum_failures_in_db(Oid dboid, int failurecount)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_failurecount = failurecount;
-	msg.m_failure_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * Update the shared stats directly - checksum failures should never be
+	 * common enough for that to be a problem.
+	 */
+	entry_ref =
+		pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, dboid, InvalidOid, false);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	sharedent->stats.n_checksum_failures += failurecount;
+	sharedent->stats.last_checksum_failure = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -121,15 +142,17 @@ pgstat_report_checksum_failure(void)
 void
 pgstat_report_tempfile(size_t filesize)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_filesize = filesize;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	if (filesize == 0)			/* Is there a case where filesize is really 0? */
+		return;
+
+	dbent = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_temp_bytes += filesize;	/* needs check overflow */
+	dbent->n_temp_files++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -138,16 +161,15 @@ pgstat_report_tempfile(size_t filesize)
 void
 pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgConnect msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	if (!pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 		return;
 
 	pgLastSessionReportTime = MyStartTimestamp;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgConnect));
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbentry->n_sessions++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -156,15 +178,42 @@ pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid)
 void
 pgstat_report_disconnect(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDisconnect msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	if (!pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_cause = pgStatSessionEndCause;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgDisconnect));
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	switch (pgStatSessionEndCause)
+	{
+		case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
+		case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
+			/* we don't collect these */
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
+ * that the database doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
+ * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dboid)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, dboid, InvalidOid);
 }
 
 void
@@ -185,57 +234,47 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel)
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_send_tabstat: Handle xact commit/rollback and I/O
+ * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat(): Handle xact commit/rollback and I/O
  * timings.
  */
 void
-pgstat_update_dbstats(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now)
+pgstat_update_dbstats(TimestampTz now)
 {
-	if (OidIsValid(tsmsg->m_databaseid))
-	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = pgStatXactCommit;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = pgStatXactRollback;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = pgStatBlockReadTime;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = pgStatBlockWriteTime;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-		if (pgstat_should_report_connstat())
-		{
-			long		secs;
-			int			usecs;
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
 
-			/*
-			 * pgLastSessionReportTime is initialized to MyStartTimestamp by
-			 * pgstat_report_connect().
-			 */
-			TimestampDifference(pgLastSessionReportTime, now, &secs, &usecs);
-			pgLastSessionReportTime = now;
-			tsmsg->m_session_time = (PgStat_Counter) secs * 1000000 + usecs;
-			tsmsg->m_active_time = pgStatActiveTime;
-			tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			tsmsg->m_session_time = 0;
-			tsmsg->m_active_time = 0;
-			tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-		}
-		pgStatXactCommit = 0;
-		pgStatXactRollback = 0;
-		pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
-		pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
-		pgStatActiveTime = 0;
-		pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
-	}
-	else
+	/*
+	 * Accumulate xact commit/rollback and I/O timings to stats entry of the
+	 * current database.
+	 */
+	dbentry->n_xact_commit += pgStatXactCommit;
+	dbentry->n_xact_rollback += pgStatXactRollback;
+	dbentry->n_block_read_time += pgStatBlockReadTime;
+	dbentry->n_block_write_time += pgStatBlockWriteTime;
+
+	if (pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_session_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_active_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
+		long		secs;
+		int			usecs;
+
+		/*
+		 * pgLastSessionReportTime is initialized to MyStartTimestamp by
+		 * pgstat_report_connect().
+		 */
+		TimestampDifference(pgLastSessionReportTime, now, &secs, &usecs);
+		pgLastSessionReportTime = now;
+		dbentry->total_session_time += (PgStat_Counter) secs * 1000000 + usecs;
+		dbentry->total_active_time += pgStatActiveTime;
+		dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
 	}
+
+	pgStatXactCommit = 0;
+	pgStatXactRollback = 0;
+	pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
+	pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
+	pgStatActiveTime = 0;
+	pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -250,3 +289,111 @@ pgstat_should_report_connstat(void)
 {
 	return MyBackendType == B_BACKEND;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Find or create a local PgStat_StatDBEntry entry for dboid.
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, dboid, InvalidOid,
+										  NULL);
+
+	return entry_ref->pending;
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reset the database's reset timestamp, without resetting the contents of the
+ * database stats.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *dbref;
+	PgStatShared_Database *dbentry;
+
+	dbref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, MyDatabaseId, InvalidOid,
+										false);
+
+	dbentry = (PgStatShared_Database *) dbref->shared_stats;
+	dbentry->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(dbref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent;
+
+	pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
+	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
+
+#define PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(item)		\
+	(sharedent)->stats.item += (pendingent)->item
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_xact_commit);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_xact_rollback);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_hit);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_returned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_inserted);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_updated);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_deleted);
+
+	/* last_autovac_time is reported immediately */
+	Assert(pendingent->last_autovac_time == 0);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_tablespace);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_lock);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_snapshot);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_bufferpin);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_startup_deadlock);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_bytes);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_files);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_deadlocks);
+
+	/* checksum failures are reported immediately */
+	Assert(pendingent->n_checksum_failures == 0);
+	Assert(pendingent->last_checksum_failure == 0);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_block_read_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_block_write_time);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_session_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_active_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_idle_in_xact_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_abandoned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_fatal);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_killed);
+#undef PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+	memset(pendingent, 0, sizeof(*pendingent));
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	((PgStatShared_Database *) header)->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index ad9879afb2a..070d04a4592 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -17,7 +17,9 @@
 
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "utils/inval.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/syscache.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
@@ -28,18 +30,6 @@
 int			pgstat_track_functions = TRACK_FUNC_OFF;
 
 
-/*
- * Indicates if backend has some function stats that it hasn't yet
- * sent to the collector.
- */
-bool		have_function_stats = false;
-
-/*
- * Backends store per-function info that's waiting to be sent to the collector
- * in this hash table (indexed by function OID).
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatFunctions = NULL;
-
 /*
  * Total time charged to functions so far in the current backend.
  * We use this to help separate "self" and "other" time charges.
@@ -61,6 +51,10 @@ pgstat_create_function(Oid proid)
 
 /*
  * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits.
+ *
+ * NB: This is only reliable because pgstat_init_function_usage() does some
+ * extra work. If other places start emitting function stats they likely need
+ * similar logic.
  */
 void
 pgstat_drop_function(Oid proid)
@@ -78,8 +72,9 @@ void
 pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 						   PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu)
 {
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *htabent;
-	bool		found;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *pending;
+	bool		created_entry;
 
 	if (pgstat_track_functions <= fcinfo->flinfo->fn_stats)
 	{
@@ -88,29 +83,48 @@ pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (!pgStatFunctions)
-	{
-		/* First time through - initialize function stat table */
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,
+										  MyDatabaseId,
+										  fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid,
+										  &created_entry);
 
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry);
-		pgStatFunctions = hash_create("Function stat entries",
-									  PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									  &hash_ctl,
-									  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
+	/*
+	 * If no shared entry already exists, check if the function has been
+	 * deleted concurrently. This can go unnoticed until here because
+	 * executing a statement that just calls a function, does not trigger
+	 * cache invalidation processing. The reason we care about this case is
+	 * that otherwise we could create a new stats entry for an already dropped
+	 * function (for relations etc this is not possible because emitting stats
+	 * requires a lock for the relation to already have been acquired).
+	 *
+	 * It's somewhat ugly to have a behavioral difference based on
+	 * track_functions being enabled/disabled. But it seems acceptable, given
+	 * that there's already behavioral differences depending on whether the
+	 * function is the caches etc.
+	 *
+	 * For correctness it'd be sufficient to set ->dropped to true. However,
+	 * the accepted invalidation will commonly cause "low level" failures in
+	 * PL code, with an OID in the error message. Making this harder to
+	 * test...
+	 */
+	if (created_entry)
+	{
+		AcceptInvalidationMessages();
+		if (!SearchSysCacheExists1(PROCOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid)))
+		{
+			pgstat_drop_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId,
+							  fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid);
+			ereport(ERROR, errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
+					errmsg("function call to dropped function"));
+		}
 	}
 
-	/* Get the stats entry for this function, create if necessary */
-	htabent = hash_search(pgStatFunctions, &fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid,
-						  HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-		MemSet(&htabent->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
+	pending = entry_ref->pending;
 
-	fcu->fs = &htabent->f_counts;
+	fcu->fs = &pending->f_counts;
 
 	/* save stats for this function, later used to compensate for recursion */
-	fcu->save_f_total_time = htabent->f_counts.f_total_time;
+	fcu->save_f_total_time = pending->f_counts.f_total_time;
 
 	/* save current backend-wide total time */
 	fcu->save_total = total_func_time;
@@ -167,64 +181,37 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
 		fs->f_numcalls++;
 	fs->f_total_time = f_total;
 	INSTR_TIME_ADD(fs->f_self_time, f_self);
-
-	/* indicate that we have something to send */
-	have_function_stats = true;
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: populate and send a function stat message
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
+bool
+pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
 {
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
-	static const PgStat_FunctionCounts all_zeroes;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *localent;
+	PgStatShared_Function *shfuncent;
 
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg;
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *entry;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
+	localent = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
+	shfuncent = (PgStatShared_Function *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return;
+	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
 
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, pgStatFunctions);
-	while ((entry = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		PgStat_FunctionEntry *m_ent;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_numcalls += localent->f_counts.f_numcalls;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_total_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_total_time);
+	shfuncent->stats.f_self_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_self_time);
 
-		/* Skip it if no counts accumulated since last time */
-		if (memcmp(&entry->f_counts, &all_zeroes,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts)) == 0)
-			continue;
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 
-		/* need to convert format of time accumulators */
-		m_ent = &msg.m_entry[msg.m_nentries];
-		m_ent->f_id = entry->f_id;
-		m_ent->f_numcalls = entry->f_counts.f_numcalls;
-		m_ent->f_total_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_total_time);
-		m_ent->f_self_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_self_time);
-
-		if (++msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES)
-		{
-			pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-						msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-
-		/* reset the entry's counts */
-		MemSet(&entry->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
-	}
-
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-					msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-
-	have_function_stats = false;
+	return true;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -235,12 +222,22 @@ pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *
 find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id)
 {
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
 
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
 
-	return (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_search(pgStatFunctions,
-													   (void *) &func_id,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
+	if (entry_ref)
+		return entry_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
+ */
+PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index 53080eadb89..039206e303b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 #include "access/twophase_rmgr.h"
 #include "access/xact.h"
+#include "catalog/partition.h"
 #include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
@@ -26,38 +27,6 @@
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
-/*
- * Structures in which backends store per-table info that's waiting to be
- * sent to the collector.
- *
- * NOTE: once allocated, TabStatusArray structures are never moved or deleted
- * for the life of the backend.  Also, we zero out the t_id fields of the
- * contained PgStat_TableStatus structs whenever they are not actively in use.
- * This allows relcache pgstat_info pointers to be treated as long-lived data,
- * avoiding repeated searches in pgstat_relation_init() when a relation is
- * repeatedly opened during a transaction.
- */
-#define TABSTAT_QUANTUM		100 /* we alloc this many at a time */
-
-
-typedef struct TabStatusArray
-{
-	struct TabStatusArray *tsa_next;	/* link to next array, if any */
-	int			tsa_used;		/* # entries currently used */
-	PgStat_TableStatus tsa_entries[TABSTAT_QUANTUM];	/* per-table data */
-} TabStatusArray;
-
-static TabStatusArray *pgStatTabList = NULL;
-
-/*
- * pgStatTabHash entry: map from relation OID to PgStat_TableStatus pointer
- */
-typedef struct TabStatHashEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *tsa_entry;
-} TabStatHashEntry;
-
 /* Record that's written to 2PC state file when pgstat state is persisted */
 typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 {
@@ -74,27 +43,13 @@ typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 } TwoPhasePgStatRecord;
 
 
-static PgStat_TableStatus *get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
-static void pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now);
+static PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_prep_relation_pending(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
 static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_level);
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_restore_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
 
 
-/*
- * Indicates if backend has some relation stats that it hasn't yet
- * sent to the collector.
- */
-bool		have_relation_stats;
-
-
-/*
- * Hash table for O(1) t_id -> tsa_entry lookup
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatTabHash = NULL;
-
-
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
  * CONCURRENTLY.
@@ -103,43 +58,44 @@ void
 pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dst, Relation src)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *srcstats;
+	PgStatShared_Relation *dstshstats;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *dst_ref;
 
-	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(RelationGetRelid(src));
-
+	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(src->rd_rel->relisshared,
+											  RelationGetRelid(src));
 	if (!srcstats)
 		return;
 
-	if (pgstat_relation_should_count(dst))
-	{
-		/*
-		 * XXX: temporarily this does not actually quite do what the name
-		 * says, and just copy index related fields. A subsequent commit will
-		 * do more.
-		 */
+	/*
+	 * XXX: Is it actually correct to copy all stats here? Probably fine with
+	 * current uses of stats for indexes, but what if we tracked bloat for
+	 * indexes via stats?
+	 */
+	dst_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
+										  dst->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+										  RelationGetRelid(dst),
+										  false);
 
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_numscans = srcstats->numscans;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_returned = srcstats->tuples_returned;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched = srcstats->tuples_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched = srcstats->blocks_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_hit = srcstats->blocks_hit;
+	dstshstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) dst_ref->shared_stats;
+	dstshstats->stats = *srcstats;
 
-		/* the data will be sent by the next pgstat_report_stat() call */
-	}
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(dst_ref);
 }
 
 /*
- * Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.
- * Called whenever a relation is opened.
+ * Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.  Called whenever a
+ * relation is opened.
  *
- * We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by
- * relcache.c when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived
- * data.  We can avoid repeated searches of the TabStatus arrays when the
- * same relation is touched repeatedly within a transaction.
+ * We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by relcache.c
+ * when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived data.
+ *
+ * This does not create a reference to a stats entry in shared memory, nor
+ * allocate memory for the pending stats. That happens in
+ * pgstat_relation_assoc().
  */
 void
 pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 {
-	Oid			rel_id = rel->rd_id;
 	char		relkind = rel->rd_rel->relkind;
 
 	/*
@@ -147,27 +103,68 @@ pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 	 */
 	if (!RELKIND_HAS_STORAGE(relkind) && relkind != RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE)
 	{
+		rel->pgstat_enabled = false;
 		rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 	{
+		if (rel->pgstat_info)
+			pgstat_relation_unlink(rel);
+
 		/* We're not counting at all */
+		rel->pgstat_enabled = false;
 		rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * If we already set up this relation in the current transaction, nothing
-	 * to do.
-	 */
-	if (rel->pgstat_info != NULL &&
-		rel->pgstat_info->t_id == rel_id)
-		return;
+	rel->pgstat_enabled = true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare for statistics for this relation to be collected.
+ *
+ * This ensures we have a reference to the stats entry before stats can be
+ * generated. That is important because a relation drop in another connection
+ * could otherwise lead to the stats entry being dropped, which then later
+ * would get recreated when flushing stats.
+ *
+ * This is separate from pgstat_relation_init() as it is not uncommon for
+ * relcache entries to be opened without ever getting stats reported.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel)
+{
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_enabled);
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info == NULL);
 
 	/* Else find or make the PgStat_TableStatus entry, and update link */
-	rel->pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rel_id, rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+	rel->pgstat_info = pgstat_prep_relation_pending(RelationGetRelid(rel),
+													rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+
+	/* don't allow link a stats to multiple relcache entries */
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == NULL);
+
+	/* mark this relation as the owner */
+	rel->pgstat_info->relation = rel;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Break the mutual link between a relcache entry and pending stats entry.
+ * This must be called whenever one end of the link is removed.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_relation_unlink(Relation rel)
+{
+	/* remove the link to stats info if any */
+	if (rel->pgstat_info == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	/* link sanity check */
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == rel);
+	rel->pgstat_info->relation = NULL;
+	rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -187,9 +184,26 @@ pgstat_create_relation(Relation rel)
 void
 pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel)
 {
+	int			nest_level = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info = rel->pgstat_info;
+
 	pgstat_drop_transactional(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
 							  rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
 							  RelationGetRelid(rel));
+
+	/*
+	 * Transactionally set counters to 0. That ensures that accesses to
+	 * pg_stat_xact_all_tables inside the transaction show 0.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_info &&
+		pgstat_info->trans != NULL &&
+		pgstat_info->trans->nest_level == nest_level)
+	{
+		pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(pgstat_info->trans, true);
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_inserted = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_updated = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_deleted = 0;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -200,16 +214,24 @@ pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel)
 void
 pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Database *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	/* can't get here in single user mode */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_start_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * End-of-vacuum is reported instantly. Report the start the same way for
+	 * consistency. Vacuum doesn't run frequently and is a long-lasting
+	 * operation so it doesn't matter if we get blocked here a little.
+	 */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE,
+											dboid, InvalidOid, false);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbentry = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	dbentry->stats.last_autovac_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -219,19 +241,52 @@ void
 pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
 					 PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Relation *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+	TimestampTz ts;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM);
-	msg.m_databaseid = shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = tableoid;
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_vacuumtime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* Store the data in the table's hash table entry. */
+	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/* block acquiring lock for the same reason as pgstat_report_autovac() */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
+											dboid, tableoid, false);
+
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
+
+	/*
+	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
+	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
+	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
+	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
+	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
+	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
+	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
+	 * stragglers.
+	 */
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
+
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
+	{
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
+	}
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -245,9 +300,12 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 					  PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples,
 					  bool resetcounter)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Relation *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -279,15 +337,39 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 		deadtuples = Max(deadtuples, 0);
 	}
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_resetcounter = resetcounter;
-	msg.m_analyzetime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* block acquiring lock for the same reason as pgstat_report_autovac() */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, dboid,
+											RelationGetRelid(rel),
+											false);
+	/* can't get dropped while accessed */
+	Assert(entry_ref != NULL && entry_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
+
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
+
+	/*
+	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
+	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
+	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
+	 */
+	if (resetcounter)
+		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
+
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
+	{
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->analyze_count++;
+	}
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -376,30 +458,61 @@ pgstat_update_heap_dead_tuples(Relation rel, int delta)
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
+ * that the table doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
+ * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
+{
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(false, relid);
+	if (tabentry != NULL)
+		return tabentry;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
+	 */
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(true, relid);
+	return tabentry;
+}
+
+/*
+ * More efficient version of pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(), allowing to specify
+ * whether the to-be-accessed table is a shared relation or not.
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(bool shared, Oid reloid)
+{
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+
+	return (PgStat_StatTabEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, dboid, reloid);
+}
+
 /*
  * find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
  *
- * If no entry, return NULL, don't create a new one
+ * Find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel_id in the current
+ * database. If not found, try finding from shared tables.
  *
- * Note: if we got an error in the most recent execution of pgstat_report_stat,
- * it's possible that an entry exists but there's no hashtable entry for it.
- * That's okay, we'll treat this case as "doesn't exist".
+ * If no entry found, return NULL, don't create a new one
  */
 PgStat_TableStatus *
 find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id)
 {
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
 
-	/* If hashtable doesn't exist, there are no entries at all */
-	if (!pgStatTabHash)
-		return NULL;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, MyDatabaseId, rel_id);
+	if (!entry_ref)
+		entry_ref = pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, InvalidOid, rel_id);
 
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (!hash_entry)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* Note that this step could also return NULL, but that's correct */
-	return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
+	if (entry_ref)
+		return entry_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -556,7 +669,7 @@ AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state)
 
 	for (trans = xact_state->first; trans != NULL; trans = trans->next)
 	{
-		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat;
+		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
 		TwoPhasePgStatRecord record;
 
 		Assert(trans->nest_level == 1);
@@ -614,7 +727,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_prep_relation_pending(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, commit case */
 	pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted += rec->tuples_inserted;
@@ -650,7 +763,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_prep_relation_pending(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, abort case */
 	if (rec->t_truncdropped)
@@ -667,204 +780,117 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: Send relation statistics
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
+ *
+ * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
+ * entry when successfully flushing.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_tabstats(TimestampTz now, bool disconnect)
+bool
+pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
 {
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
 	static const PgStat_TableCounts all_zeroes;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat regular_msg;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat shared_msg;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	int			i;
+	Oid			dboid;
+	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
+	PgStatShared_Relation *shtabstats;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
+
+	dboid = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
+	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
+	shtabstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
 	/*
-	 * Destroy pgStatTabHash before we start invalidating PgStat_TableEntry
-	 * entries it points to.  (Should we fail partway through the loop below,
-	 * it's okay to have removed the hashtable already --- the only
-	 * consequence is we'd get multiple entries for the same table in the
-	 * pgStatTabList, and that's safe.)
+	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
+	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
 	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash)
-		hash_destroy(pgStatTabHash);
-	pgStatTabHash = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * Scan through the TabStatusArray struct(s) to find tables that actually
-	 * have counts, and build messages to send.  We have to separate shared
-	 * relations from regular ones because the databaseid field in the message
-	 * header has to depend on that.
-	 */
-	regular_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	shared_msg.m_databaseid = InvalidOid;
-	regular_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-	shared_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	for (tsa = pgStatTabList; tsa != NULL; tsa = tsa->tsa_next)
+	if (memcmp(&lstats->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
 	{
-		for (i = 0; i < tsa->tsa_used; i++)
-		{
-			PgStat_TableStatus *entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[i];
-			PgStat_MsgTabstat *this_msg;
-			PgStat_TableEntry *this_ent;
-
-			/* Shouldn't have any pending transaction-dependent counts */
-			Assert(entry->trans == NULL);
-
-			/*
-			 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such
-			 * as indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
-			 */
-			if (memcmp(&entry->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * OK, insert data into the appropriate message, and send if full.
-			 */
-			this_msg = entry->t_shared ? &shared_msg : &regular_msg;
-			this_ent = &this_msg->m_entry[this_msg->m_nentries];
-			this_ent->t_id = entry->t_id;
-			memcpy(&this_ent->t_counts, &entry->t_counts,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts));
-			if (++this_msg->m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES)
-			{
-				pgstat_send_tabstat(this_msg, now);
-				this_msg->m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-		/* zero out PgStat_TableStatus structs after use */
-		MemSet(tsa->tsa_entries, 0,
-			   tsa->tsa_used * sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus));
-		tsa->tsa_used = 0;
+		return true;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Send partial messages.  Make sure that any pending xact commit/abort
-	 * and connection stats get counted, even if there are no table stats to
-	 * send.
-	 */
-	if (regular_msg.m_nentries > 0 ||
-		pgStatXactCommit > 0 || pgStatXactRollback > 0 || disconnect)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&regular_msg, now);
-	if (shared_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&shared_msg, now);
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
 
-	have_relation_stats = false;
+	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
+	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
+
+	tabentry->numscans += lstats->t_counts.t_numscans;
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
+
+	/*
+	 * If table was truncated or vacuum/analyze has ran, first reset the
+	 * live/dead counters.
+	 */
+	if (lstats->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
+	{
+		tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
+		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
+		tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
+	}
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
+	tabentry->changes_since_analyze += lstats->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
+	/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+	/* The entry is successfully flushed so the same to add to database stats */
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
+	dbentry->n_tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	return true;
 }
 
-/*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_send_tabstats: finish and send one tabstat message
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now)
+void
+pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
 {
-	int			n;
-	int			len;
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pending = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
 
-	/* It's unlikely we'd get here with no socket, but maybe not impossible */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Report and reset accumulated xact commit/rollback and I/O timings
-	 * whenever we send a normal tabstat message
-	 */
-	pgstat_update_dbstats(tsmsg, now);
-
-	n = tsmsg->m_nentries;
-	len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabstat, m_entry[0]) +
-		n * sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry);
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&tsmsg->m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT);
-	pgstat_send(tsmsg, len);
+	if (pending->relation)
+		pgstat_relation_unlink(pending->relation);
 }
 
 /*
- * find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
+ * Find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel. New entry is created and
+ * initialized if not exists.
  */
 static PgStat_TableStatus *
-get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
+pgstat_prep_relation_pending(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
 {
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *entry;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	bool		found;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pending;
 
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
+										  isshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+										  rel_id, NULL);
+	pending = entry_ref->pending;
+	pending->t_id = rel_id;
+	pending->t_shared = isshared;
 
-	have_relation_stats = true;
-
-	/*
-	 * Create hash table if we don't have it already.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		ctl;
-
-		ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		ctl.entrysize = sizeof(TabStatHashEntry);
-
-		pgStatTabHash = hash_create("pgstat TabStatusArray lookup hash table",
-									TABSTAT_QUANTUM,
-									&ctl,
-									HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Find an entry or create a new one.
-	 */
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		/* initialize new entry with null pointer */
-		hash_entry->tsa_entry = NULL;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If entry is already valid, we're done.
-	 */
-	if (hash_entry->tsa_entry)
-		return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Locate the first pgStatTabList entry with free space, making a new list
-	 * entry if needed.  Note that we could get an OOM failure here, but if so
-	 * we have left the hashtable and the list in a consistent state.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabList == NULL)
-	{
-		/* Set up first pgStatTabList entry */
-		pgStatTabList = (TabStatusArray *)
-			MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-								   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-	}
-
-	tsa = pgStatTabList;
-	while (tsa->tsa_used >= TABSTAT_QUANTUM)
-	{
-		if (tsa->tsa_next == NULL)
-			tsa->tsa_next = (TabStatusArray *)
-				MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-									   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-		tsa = tsa->tsa_next;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Allocate a PgStat_TableStatus entry within this list entry.  We assume
-	 * the entry was already zeroed, either at creation or after last use.
-	 */
-	entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[tsa->tsa_used++];
-	entry->t_id = rel_id;
-	entry->t_shared = isshared;
-
-	/*
-	 * Now we can fill the entry in pgStatTabHash.
-	 */
-	hash_entry->tsa_entry = entry;
-
-	return entry;
+	return pending;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c
index b1e894f2b21..c8c2aaadaa5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c
@@ -19,23 +19,20 @@
 
 #include "replication/slot.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"		/* for namestrcpy() */
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 
 
+static int	replslot_index(const char *name);
+
+
 /*
  * Reset counters for all replication slots.
  */
 void
 pgstat_reset_replslot_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER);
-	msg.clearall = true;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -48,18 +45,10 @@ void
 pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 {
 	ReplicationSlot *slot;
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg;
 
 	AssertArg(name != NULL);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check if the slot exists with the given name. It is possible that by
-	 * the time this message is executed the slot is dropped but at least this
-	 * check will ensure that the given name is for a valid slot.
-	 */
+	/* Check if the slot exits with the given name. */
 	slot = SearchNamedReplicationSlot(name, true);
 
 	if (!slot)
@@ -75,10 +64,9 @@ pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 	if (SlotIsPhysical(slot))
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, name);
-	msg.clearall = false;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* reset this one entry */
+	pgstat_reset_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+					   ReplicationSlotIndex(slot));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -87,24 +75,34 @@ pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 void
 pgstat_report_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_ReplSlot *shstatent;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+											ReplicationSlotIndex(slot), false);
+	shstatent = (PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	statent = &shstatent->stats;
 
 	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
+	 * Any mismatch should have been fixed in pgstat_create_replslot() or
+	 * pgstat_acquire_replslot().
 	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, NameStr(repSlotStat->slotname));
-	msg.m_create = false;
-	msg.m_drop = false;
-	msg.m_spill_txns = repSlotStat->spill_txns;
-	msg.m_spill_count = repSlotStat->spill_count;
-	msg.m_spill_bytes = repSlotStat->spill_bytes;
-	msg.m_stream_txns = repSlotStat->stream_txns;
-	msg.m_stream_count = repSlotStat->stream_count;
-	msg.m_stream_bytes = repSlotStat->stream_bytes;
-	msg.m_total_txns = repSlotStat->total_txns;
-	msg.m_total_bytes = repSlotStat->total_bytes;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	Assert(namestrcmp(&statent->slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name)) == 0);
+
+	/* Update the replication slot statistics */
+#define REPLSLOT_ACC(fld) statent->fld += repSlotStat->fld
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(spill_txns);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(spill_count);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(spill_bytes);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(stream_txns);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(stream_count);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(stream_bytes);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(total_txns);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(total_bytes);
+#undef REPLSLOT_ACC
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -116,26 +114,117 @@ pgstat_report_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *re
 void
 pgstat_create_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_ReplSlot *shstatent;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name));
-	msg.m_create = true;
-	msg.m_drop = false;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+											ReplicationSlotIndex(slot), false);
+	shstatent = (PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * NB: need to accept that there might be stats from an older slot, e.g.
+	 * if we previously crashed after dropping a slot.
+	 */
+	memset(&shstatent->stats, 0, sizeof(shstatent->stats));
+	namestrcpy(&shstatent->stats.slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name));
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Report replication slot has been acquired.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_acquire_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_ReplSlot *shstatent;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+											ReplicationSlotIndex(slot), false);
+	shstatent = (PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	statent = &shstatent->stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * NB: need to accept that there might be stats from an older slot, e.g.
+	 * if we previously crashed after dropping a slot.
+	 */
+	if (NameStr(statent->slotname)[0] == 0 ||
+		namestrcmp(&statent->slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name)) != 0)
+	{
+		memset(statent, 0, sizeof(*statent));
+		namestrcpy(&statent->slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name));
+	}
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
  * Report replication slot drop.
  */
 void
-pgstat_drop_replslot(const char *slotname)
+pgstat_drop_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, slotname);
-	msg.m_create = false;
-	msg.m_drop = true;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	pgstat_drop_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+					  ReplicationSlotIndex(slot));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the replication slot statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname)
+{
+	int			idx = replslot_index(NameStr(slotname));
+
+	if (idx == -1)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid, idx);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb(const PgStatShared_Common *header, NameData *name)
+{
+	namestrcpy(name, NameStr(((PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) header)->stats.slotname));
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb(const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key)
+{
+	int			idx = replslot_index(NameStr(*name));
+
+	/* slot might have been deleted */
+	if (idx == -1)
+		return false;
+
+	key->kind = PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT;
+	key->dboid = InvalidOid;
+	key->objoid = idx;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	((PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) header)->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+}
+
+static int
+replslot_index(const char *name)
+{
+	ReplicationSlot *slot;
+
+	AssertArg(name != NULL);
+
+	slot = SearchNamedReplicationSlot(name, true);
+
+	if (!slot)
+		return -1;
+
+	return ReplicationSlotIndex(slot);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a8254906650
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c
@@ -0,0 +1,987 @@
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ * pgstat_shmem.c
+ *	  Storage of stats entries in shared memory
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *	  src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c
+ * -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+#include "postgres.h"
+
+#include "access/transam.h"
+#include "access/xact.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
+#include "storage/shmem.h"
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
+#include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
+
+
+#define PGSTAT_ENTRY_REF_HASH_SIZE	128
+
+/* hash table entry for finding the PgStat_EntryRef for a key */
+typedef struct PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;			/* hash key */
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+} PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry;
+
+
+/* for references to shared statistics entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_entry_ref_hash
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStat_HashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	pgstat_hash_key_hash(&key, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey), NULL)
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) \
+	pgstat_hash_key_cmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey), NULL) == 0
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
+
+
+static void pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid);
+
+static void pgstat_free_entry(PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent, dshash_seq_status *hstat);
+
+static void pgstat_release_entry_ref(PgStat_HashKey key, PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool discard_pending);
+static bool pgstat_need_entry_refs_gc(void);
+static void pgstat_gc_entry_refs(void);
+static void pgstat_release_all_entry_refs(bool discard_pending);
+typedef bool (*ReleaseMatchCB) (PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *, Datum data);
+static void pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs(bool discard_pending, ReleaseMatchCB match, Datum match_data);
+
+static void pgstat_setup_memcxt(void);
+
+
+/* parameter for the shared hash */
+static const dshash_parameters dsh_params = {
+	sizeof(PgStat_HashKey),
+	sizeof(PgStatShared_HashEntry),
+	pgstat_hash_key_cmp,
+	pgstat_hash_key_hash,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_HASH
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * Backend local references to shared stats entries. If there are pending
+ * updates to a stats entry, the PgStat_EntryRef is added to the pgStatPending
+ * list.
+ *
+ * When a stats entry is dropped each backend needs to release its reference
+ * to it before the memory can be released. To trigger that
+ * pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count is incremented - which each backend
+ * compares to their copy of pgStatSharedRefAge on a regular basis.
+ */
+static pgstat_entry_ref_hash_hash *pgStatEntryRefHash = NULL;
+static int	pgStatSharedRefAge = 0; /* cache age of pgStatShmLookupCache */
+
+/*
+ * Memory contexts containing the pgStatEntryRefHash table and the
+ * pgStatSharedRef entries respectively. Kept separate to make it easier to
+ * track / attribute memory usage.
+ */
+static MemoryContext pgStatSharedRefContext = NULL;
+static MemoryContext pgStatEntryRefHashContext = NULL;
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Public functions called from postmaster follow
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The size of the shared memory allocation for stats stored in the shared
+ * stats hash table. This allocation will be done as part of the main shared
+ * memory, rather than dynamic shared memory, allowing it to be initialized in
+ * postmaster.
+ */
+static Size
+pgstat_dsa_init_size(void)
+{
+	Size		sz;
+
+	/*
+	 * The dshash header / initial buckets array needs to fit into "plain"
+	 * shared memory, but it's beneficial to not need dsm segments
+	 * immediately. A size of 256kB seems works well and is not
+	 * disproportional compared to other constant sized shared memory
+	 * allocations. NB: To avoid DSMs further, the user can configure
+	 * min_dynamic_shared_memory.
+	 */
+	sz = 256 * 1024;
+	Assert(dsa_minimum_size() <= sz);
+	return MAXALIGN(sz);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compute shared memory space needed for cumulative statistics
+ */
+Size
+StatsShmemSize(void)
+{
+	Size		sz;
+
+	sz = MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStat_ShmemControl));
+	sz = add_size(sz, pgstat_dsa_init_size());
+
+	return sz;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize cumulative statistics system during startup
+ */
+void
+StatsShmemInit(void)
+{
+	bool		found;
+	Size		sz;
+
+	sz = StatsShmemSize();
+	pgStatLocal.shmem = (PgStat_ShmemControl *)
+		ShmemInitStruct("Shared Memory Stats", sz, &found);
+
+	if (!IsUnderPostmaster)
+	{
+		dsa_area   *dsa;
+		dshash_table *dsh;
+		char	   *p = (char *) pgStatLocal.shmem;
+
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		/* the allocation of pgStatLocal.shmem itself */
+		p += MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStat_ShmemControl));
+
+		/*
+		 * Create a small dsa allocation in plain shared memory. Doing so
+		 * initially makes it easier to manage server startup, and it also is
+		 * a small efficiency win.
+		 */
+		pgStatLocal.shmem->raw_dsa_area = p;
+		p += MAXALIGN(pgstat_dsa_init_size());
+		dsa = dsa_create_in_place(pgStatLocal.shmem->raw_dsa_area,
+								  pgstat_dsa_init_size(),
+								  LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DSA, 0);
+		dsa_pin(dsa);
+
+		/*
+		 * To ensure dshash is created in "plain" shared memory, temporarily
+		 * limit size of dsa to the initial size of the dsa.
+		 */
+		dsa_set_size_limit(dsa, pgstat_dsa_init_size());
+
+		/*
+		 * With the limit in place, create the dshash table. XXX: It'd be nice
+		 * if there were dshash_create_in_place().
+		 */
+		dsh = dshash_create(dsa, &dsh_params, 0);
+		pgStatLocal.shmem->hash_handle = dshash_get_hash_table_handle(dsh);
+
+		/* lift limit set above */
+		dsa_set_size_limit(dsa, -1);
+
+		/*
+		 * Postmaster will never access these again, thus free the local
+		 * dsa/dshash references.
+		 */
+		dshash_detach(dsh);
+		dsa_detach(dsa);
+
+		pg_atomic_init_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count, 1);
+
+
+		/*
+		 * Initialize global statistics.
+		 */
+
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->slru.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(found);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_attach_shmem(void)
+{
+	MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.dsa == NULL);
+
+	/* stats shared memory persists for the backend lifetime */
+	oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
+
+	pgStatLocal.dsa = dsa_attach_in_place(pgStatLocal.shmem->raw_dsa_area, NULL);
+	dsa_pin_mapping(pgStatLocal.dsa);
+
+	pgStatLocal.shared_hash = dshash_attach(pgStatLocal.dsa, &dsh_params,
+											pgStatLocal.shmem->hash_handle, 0);
+
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_detach_shmem(void)
+{
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.dsa);
+
+	/* we shouldn't leave references to shared stats */
+	pgstat_release_all_entry_refs(false);
+
+	dshash_detach(pgStatLocal.shared_hash);
+	pgStatLocal.shared_hash = NULL;
+
+	dsa_detach(pgStatLocal.dsa);
+	pgStatLocal.dsa = NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Maintenance of shared memory stats entries
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+PgStatShared_Common *
+pgstat_init_entry(PgStat_Kind kind,
+				  PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent)
+{
+	/* Create new stats entry. */
+	dsa_pointer chunk;
+	PgStatShared_Common *shheader;
+
+	/*
+	 * Initialize refcount to 1, marking it as valid / not dropped. The entry
+	 * can't be freed before the initialization because it can't be found as
+	 * long as we hold the dshash partition lock. Caller needs to increase
+	 * further if a longer lived reference is needed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_init_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+	shhashent->dropped = false;
+
+	chunk = dsa_allocate0(pgStatLocal.dsa, pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_size);
+	shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, chunk);
+	shheader->magic = 0xdeadbeef;
+
+	/* Link the new entry from the hash entry. */
+	shhashent->body = chunk;
+
+	LWLockInitialize(&shheader->lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+
+	return shheader;
+}
+
+static PgStatShared_Common *
+pgstat_reinit_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common *shheader;
+
+	shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, shhashent->body);
+
+	/* mark as not dropped anymore */
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+	shhashent->dropped = false;
+
+	/* reinitialize content */
+	Assert(shheader->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+	memset(shheader, 0, pgstat_kind_info_for(shhashent->key.kind)->shared_size);
+	shheader->magic = 0xdeadbeef;
+
+	return shheader;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_setup_shared_refs(void)
+{
+	if (likely(pgStatEntryRefHash != NULL))
+		return;
+
+	pgStatEntryRefHash =
+		pgstat_entry_ref_hash_create(pgStatEntryRefHashContext,
+									 PGSTAT_ENTRY_REF_HASH_SIZE, NULL);
+	pgStatSharedRefAge = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count);
+	Assert(pgStatSharedRefAge != 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function for pgstat_get_entry_ref().
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref,
+						 PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent,
+						 PgStatShared_Common *shheader)
+{
+	Assert(shheader->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+	Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&shhashent->refcount) > 0);
+
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+
+	dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shhashent);
+
+	entry_ref->shared_stats = shheader;
+	entry_ref->shared_entry = shhashent;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function for pgstat_get_entry_ref().
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_get_entry_ref_cached(PgStat_HashKey key, PgStat_EntryRef **entry_ref_p)
+{
+	bool		found;
+	PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *cache_entry;
+
+	/*
+	 * We immediately insert a cache entry, because it avoids 1) multiple
+	 * hashtable lookups in case of a cache miss 2) having to deal with
+	 * out-of-memory errors after incrementing PgStatShared_Common->refcount.
+	 */
+
+	cache_entry = pgstat_entry_ref_hash_insert(pgStatEntryRefHash, key, &found);
+
+	if (!found || !cache_entry->entry_ref)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+		cache_entry->entry_ref = entry_ref =
+			MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatSharedRefContext,
+							   sizeof(PgStat_EntryRef));
+		entry_ref->shared_stats = NULL;
+		entry_ref->shared_entry = NULL;
+		entry_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else if (cache_entry->entry_ref->shared_stats == NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(cache_entry->entry_ref->pending == NULL);
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
+
+		entry_ref = cache_entry->entry_ref;
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_entry != NULL);
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
+
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		/* should have at least our reference */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&entry_ref->shared_entry->refcount) > 0);
+	}
+
+	*entry_ref_p = cache_entry->entry_ref;
+	return found;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get a shared stats reference. If create is true, the shared stats object is
+ * created if it does not exist.
+ *
+ * When create is true, and created_entry is non-NULL, it'll be set to true
+ * if the entry is newly created, false otherwise.
+ */
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_get_entry_ref(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool create,
+					 bool *created_entry)
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key = {.kind = kind,.dboid = dboid,.objoid = objoid};
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent;
+	PgStatShared_Common *shheader = NULL;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	/*
+	 * passing in created_entry only makes sense if we possibly could create
+	 * entry.
+	 */
+	AssertArg(create || created_entry == NULL);
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash != NULL);
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
+	pgstat_setup_shared_refs();
+
+	if (created_entry != NULL)
+		*created_entry = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check if other backends dropped stats that could not be deleted because
+	 * somebody held references to it. If so, check this backend's references.
+	 * This is not expected to happen often. The location of the check is a
+	 * bit random, but this is a relatively frequently called path, so better
+	 * than most.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_need_entry_refs_gc())
+		pgstat_gc_entry_refs();
+
+	/*
+	 * First check the lookup cache hashtable in local memory. If we find a
+	 * match here we can avoid taking locks / causing contention.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_get_entry_ref_cached(key, &entry_ref))
+		return entry_ref;
+
+	Assert(entry_ref != NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Do a lookup in the hash table first - it's quite likely that the entry
+	 * already exists, and that way we only need a shared lock.
+	 */
+	shhashent = dshash_find(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, false);
+
+	if (create && !shhashent)
+	{
+		bool		shfound;
+
+		/*
+		 * It's possible that somebody created the entry since the above
+		 * lookup. If so, fall through to the same path as if we'd have if it
+		 * already had been created before the dshash_find() calls.
+		 */
+		shhashent = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, &shfound);
+		if (!shfound)
+		{
+			shheader = pgstat_init_entry(kind, shhashent);
+			pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(entry_ref, shhashent, shheader);
+
+			if (created_entry != NULL)
+				*created_entry = true;
+
+			return entry_ref;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!shhashent)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * If we're not creating, delete the reference again. In all
+		 * likelihood it's just a stats lookup - no point wasting memory for a
+		 * shared ref to nothing...
+		 */
+		pgstat_release_entry_ref(key, entry_ref, false);
+
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Can get here either because dshash_find() found a match, or if
+		 * dshash_find_or_insert() found a concurrently inserted entry.
+		 */
+
+		if (shhashent->dropped && create)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * There are legitimate cases where the old stats entry might not
+			 * yet have been dropped by the time it's reused. The most obvious
+			 * case are replication slot stats, where a new slot can be
+			 * created with the same index just after dropping. But oid
+			 * wraparound can lead to other cases as well. We just reset the
+			 * stats to their plain state.
+			 */
+			shheader = pgstat_reinit_entry(kind, shhashent);
+			pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(entry_ref, shhashent, shheader);
+
+			if (created_entry != NULL)
+				*created_entry = true;
+
+			return entry_ref;
+		}
+		else if (shhashent->dropped)
+		{
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shhashent);
+			pgstat_release_entry_ref(key, entry_ref, false);
+
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, shhashent->body);
+			pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(entry_ref, shhashent, shheader);
+
+			return entry_ref;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_release_entry_ref(PgStat_HashKey key, PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool discard_pending)
+{
+	if (entry_ref && entry_ref->pending)
+	{
+		if (discard_pending)
+			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
+		else
+			elog(ERROR, "releasing ref with pending data");
+	}
+
+	if (entry_ref && entry_ref->shared_stats)
+	{
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		Assert(entry_ref->pending == NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * This can't race with another backend looking up the stats entry and
+		 * increasing the refcount because it is not "legal" to create
+		 * additional references to dropped entries.
+		 */
+		if (pg_atomic_fetch_sub_u32(&entry_ref->shared_entry->refcount, 1) == 1)
+		{
+			PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent;
+
+			/*
+			 * We're the last referrer to this entry, try to drop the shared
+			 * entry.
+			 */
+
+			/* only dropped entries can reach a 0 refcount */
+			Assert(entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped);
+
+			shent = dshash_find(pgStatLocal.shared_hash,
+								&entry_ref->shared_entry->key,
+								true);
+			if (!shent)
+				elog(PANIC, "could not find just referenced shared stats entry");
+
+			/* ATODO: convert to assertion before commit */
+			if (pg_atomic_read_u32(&entry_ref->shared_entry->refcount) != 0)
+				elog(PANIC, "concurrent access to stats entry during deletion");
+
+			Assert(entry_ref->shared_entry == shent);
+
+			pgstat_free_entry(shent, NULL);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!pgstat_entry_ref_hash_delete(pgStatEntryRefHash, key))
+		elog(PANIC, "something has gone wrong");
+
+	if (entry_ref)
+		pfree(entry_ref);
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_lock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	LWLock	   *lock = &entry_ref->shared_stats->lock;
+
+	if (nowait)
+		return LWLockConditionalAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_unlock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
+{
+	LWLockRelease(&entry_ref->shared_stats->lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function to fetch and lock shared stats.
+ */
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	/* find shared table stats entry corresponding to the local entry */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, true, NULL);
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return entry_ref;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc(void)
+{
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count, 1);
+}
+
+static bool
+pgstat_need_entry_refs_gc(void)
+{
+	uint64		curage;
+
+	if (!pgStatEntryRefHash)
+		return false;
+
+	/* should have been initialized when creating pgStatEntryRefHash */
+	Assert(pgStatSharedRefAge != 0);
+
+	curage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count);
+
+	return pgStatSharedRefAge != curage;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_gc_entry_refs(void)
+{
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *ent;
+	uint64		curage;
+
+	curage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count);
+	Assert(curage != 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Some entries have been dropped. Invalidate cache pointer to them.
+	 */
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i);
+	while ((ent = pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref = ent->entry_ref;
+
+		Assert(!entry_ref->shared_stats || entry_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+
+		if (!entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		/* cannot gc shared ref that has pending data */
+		if (entry_ref->pending != NULL)
+			continue;
+
+		pgstat_release_entry_ref(ent->key, entry_ref, false);
+	}
+
+	pgStatSharedRefAge = curage;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs(bool discard_pending, ReleaseMatchCB match, Datum match_data)
+{
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *ent;
+
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i);
+
+	while ((ent = pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i))
+		   != NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(ent->entry_ref != NULL);
+
+		if (match && !match(ent, match_data))
+			continue;
+
+		pgstat_release_entry_ref(ent->key, ent->entry_ref, discard_pending);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Release all local references to shared stats entries.
+ *
+ * When a process exits it cannot do so while still holding references onto
+ * stats entries, otherwise the shared stats entries could never be freed.
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_release_all_entry_refs(bool discard_pending)
+{
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs(discard_pending, NULL, 0);
+	Assert(pgStatEntryRefHash->members == 0);
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_destroy(pgStatEntryRefHash);
+	pgStatEntryRefHash = NULL;
+}
+
+static bool
+match_db(PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *ent, Datum match_data)
+{
+	Oid			dboid = DatumGetObjectId(match_data);
+
+	return ent->key.dboid == dboid;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_release_db_entry_refs(Oid dboid)
+{
+	pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs( /* discard pending = */ true,
+									   match_db,
+									   ObjectIdGetDatum(dboid));
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Dropping and resetting of stats entries
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+static void
+pgstat_free_entry(PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent, dshash_seq_status *hstat)
+{
+	dsa_pointer pdsa;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fetch dsa pointer before deleting entry - that way we can free the
+	 * memory after releasing the lock.
+	 */
+	pdsa = shent->body;
+
+	if (!hstat)
+		dshash_delete_entry(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shent);
+	else
+		dshash_delete_current(hstat);
+
+	dsa_free(pgStatLocal.dsa, pdsa);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper for both pgstat_drop_database_and_contents() and
+ * pgstat_drop_entry(). If hstat is non-null delete the shared entry using
+ * dshash_delete_current(), otherwise use dshash_delete_entry(). In either
+ * case the entry needs to be already locked.
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_drop_entry_internal(PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent, dshash_seq_status *hstat)
+{
+	Assert(shent->body != InvalidDsaPointer);
+
+	/* should already have released local reference */
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash)
+		Assert(!pgstat_entry_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatEntryRefHash, shent->key));
+
+	/*
+	 * Signal that the entry is dropped - this will eventually cause other
+	 * backends to release their references.
+	 */
+	if (shent->dropped)
+		elog(ERROR, "can only drop stats once");
+	shent->dropped = true;
+
+	/* release refcount marking entry as not dropped */
+	if (pg_atomic_sub_fetch_u32(&shent->refcount, 1) == 0)
+	{
+		pgstat_free_entry(shent, hstat);
+		return true;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (!hstat)
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shent);
+		return false;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Drop stats for the database and all the objects inside that database.
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+	uint64		not_freed_count = 0;
+
+	Assert(OidIsValid(dboid));
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash != NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * This backend might very well be the only backend holding a reference to
+	 * about-to-be-dropped entries. Ensure that we're not preventing it from
+	 * being cleaned up till later.
+	 *
+	 * Doing this separately from the dshash iteration below avoids having to
+	 * do so while holding a partition lock on the shared hashtable.
+	 */
+	pgstat_release_db_entry_refs(dboid);
+
+	/* some of the dshash entries are to be removed, take exclusive lock. */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, true);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->key.dboid != dboid)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!pgstat_drop_entry_internal(p, &hstat))
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Even statistics for a dropped database might currently be
+			 * accessed (consider e.g. database stats for pg_stat_database).
+			 */
+			not_freed_count++;
+		}
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * If some of the stats data could not be freed, signal the reference
+	 * holders to run garbage collection of their cached pgStatShmLookupCache.
+	 */
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_drop_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key = {.kind = kind,.dboid = dboid,.objoid = objoid};
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent;
+	bool		freed = true;
+
+	/* delete local reference */
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *lohashent =
+		pgstat_entry_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatEntryRefHash, key);
+
+		if (lohashent)
+			pgstat_release_entry_ref(lohashent->key, lohashent->entry_ref, true);
+	}
+
+	/* mark entry in shared hashtable as deleted, drop if possible */
+	shent = dshash_find(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, true);
+	if (shent)
+	{
+		freed = pgstat_drop_entry_internal(shent, NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * Database stats contain other stats. Drop those as well when
+		 * dropping the database. XXX: Perhaps this should be done in a
+		 * slightly more principled way? But not obvious what that'd look
+		 * like, and so far this is the only case...
+		 */
+		if (key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE)
+			pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(key.dboid);
+	}
+
+	return freed;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_drop_all_entries(void)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *ps;
+	uint64		not_freed_count = 0;
+
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((ps = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		if (ps->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!pgstat_drop_entry_internal(ps, &hstat))
+			not_freed_count++;
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
+}
+
+static void
+shared_stat_reset_contents(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *header)
+{
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	memset(pgstat_get_entry_data(kind, header), 0,
+		   pgstat_get_entry_len(kind));
+
+	if (kind_info->reset_timestamp_cb)
+		kind_info->reset_timestamp_cb(header, ts);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reset one non-global shared stat entry.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_reset_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL);
+	if (!entry_ref || entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, false);
+	shared_stat_reset_contents(kind, entry_ref->shared_stats);
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Scan through the shared hashtable of stats, resetting statistics if
+ * approved by the provided do_reset() function.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_reset_matching_entries(bool (*do_reset) (PgStatShared_HashEntry *, Datum), Datum match_data)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+
+	/* dshash entry is not modified, take shared lock */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStatShared_Common *header;
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!do_reset(p, match_data))
+			continue;
+
+		header = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, p->body);
+
+		LWLockAcquire(&header->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+		shared_stat_reset_contents(p->key.kind, header);
+
+		LWLockRelease(&header->lock);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+}
+
+static bool
+match_kind(PgStatShared_HashEntry *p, Datum match_data)
+{
+	return p->key.kind == DatumGetInt32(match_data);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	pgstat_reset_matching_entries(match_kind, Int32GetDatum(kind));
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_setup_memcxt(void)
+{
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatSharedRefContext))
+		pgStatSharedRefContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "PgStat Shared Ref",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatEntryRefHashContext))
+		pgStatEntryRefHashContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "PgStat Shared Ref Hash",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c
index 9cb9aeb890d..63810ec2db7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c
@@ -18,18 +18,21 @@
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
-static inline PgStat_MsgSLRU *slru_entry(int slru_idx);
+static inline PgStat_SLRUStats *slru_entry(int slru_idx);
+static void pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(int index, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
 /*
- * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be sent to the collector.  These are
- * stored directly in stats message format so they can be sent without needing
- * to copy things around.  We assume this variable inits to zeroes.  Entries
- * are one-to-one with slru_names[].
+ * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be flushed out.  We assume this variable
+ * inits to zeroes.  Entries are one-to-one with slru_names[].  Changes of
+ * SLRU counters are reported within critical sections so we use static memory
+ * in order to avoid memory allocation.
  */
-static PgStat_MsgSLRU SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+static PgStat_SLRUStats pending_SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+bool		have_slrustats = false;
 
 
 /*
@@ -41,17 +44,11 @@ static PgStat_MsgSLRU SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
 void
 pgstat_reset_slru_counter(const char *name)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
 	AssertArg(name != NULL);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_index = pgstat_slru_index(name);
-
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(pgstat_slru_index(name), ts);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -61,43 +58,55 @@ pgstat_reset_slru_counter(const char *name)
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_zeroed(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_zeroed += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_zeroed += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_hit(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_hit += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_hit += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_exists(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_exists += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_exists += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_read(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_read += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_read += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_written(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_written += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_written += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_flush(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_flush += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->flush += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_truncate(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_truncate += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->truncate += 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the slru statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_SLRUStats *
+pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU);
+
+	return pgStatLocal.snapshot.slru;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -135,45 +144,83 @@ pgstat_slru_index(const char *name)
 }
 
 /*
- * Send SLRU statistics to the collector
+ * Flush out locally pending SLRU stats entries
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true. Writer processes are mutually excluded
+ * using LWLock, but readers are expected to use change-count protocol to avoid
+ * interference with writers.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns true if the lock could not be
+ * acquired. Otherwise return false.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_slru(void)
+bool
+pgstat_slru_flush(bool nowait)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgSLRU all_zeroes;
+	PgStatShared_SLRU *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->slru;
+	int			i;
 
-	for (int i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+	if (!have_slrustats)
+		return false;
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+
+
+	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-		 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-		 * collector.
-		 */
-		if (memcmp(&SLRUStats[i], &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU)) == 0)
-			continue;
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *sharedent = &stats_shmem->stats[i];
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *pendingent = &pending_SLRUStats[i];
 
-		/* set the SLRU type before each send */
-		SLRUStats[i].m_index = i;
-
-		/*
-		 * Prepare and send the message
-		 */
-		pgstat_setheader(&SLRUStats[i].m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU);
-		pgstat_send(&SLRUStats[i], sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
-
-		/*
-		 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
-		 */
-		MemSet(&SLRUStats[i], 0, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
+#define SLRU_ACC(fld) sharedent->fld += pendingent->fld
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_zeroed);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_hit);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_read);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_written);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_exists);
+		SLRU_ACC(flush);
+		SLRU_ACC(truncate);
+#undef SLRU_ACC
 	}
+
+	/* done, clear the pending entry */
+	MemSet(pending_SLRUStats, 0, sizeof(pending_SLRUStats));
+
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	have_slrustats = false;
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	for (int i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+		pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(i, now);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_SLRU *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->slru;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+
+	memcpy(pgStatLocal.snapshot.slru, &stats_shmem->stats,
+		   sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
 }
 
 /*
  * Returns pointer to entry with counters for given SLRU (based on the name
  * stored in SlruCtl as lwlock tranche name).
  */
-static inline PgStat_MsgSLRU *
+static inline PgStat_SLRUStats *
 slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 {
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
@@ -186,5 +233,20 @@ slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 
 	Assert((slru_idx >= 0) && (slru_idx < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS));
 
-	return &SLRUStats[slru_idx];
+	have_slrustats = true;
+
+	return &pending_SLRUStats[slru_idx];
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(int index, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	PgStatShared_SLRU *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->slru;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	memset(&stats_shmem->stats[index], 0, sizeof(PgStat_SLRUStats));
+	stats_shmem->stats[index].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
index d1d8c0ecfd2..ec47ab26455 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -26,14 +27,7 @@
 void
 pgstat_reset_subscription_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	msg.m_subid = InvalidOid;
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -45,14 +39,7 @@ pgstat_reset_subscription_counters(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION, InvalidOid, subid);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -61,12 +48,17 @@ pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid)
 void
 pgstat_report_subscription_error(Oid subid, bool is_apply_error)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *pending;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR);
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	msg.m_is_apply_error = is_apply_error;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError));
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION,
+										  InvalidOid, subid, NULL);
+	pending = entry_ref->pending;
+
+	if (is_apply_error)
+		pending->apply_error_count++;
+	else
+		pending->sync_error_count++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -89,12 +81,52 @@ pgstat_create_subscription(Oid subid)
 void
 pgstat_drop_subscription(Oid subid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP);
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop));
-
 	pgstat_drop_transactional(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION,
 							  InvalidOid, subid);
 }
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one subscription or NULL.
+ */
+PgStat_StatSubEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatSubEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION, InvalidOid, subid);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *localent;
+	PgStatShared_Subscription *shsubent;
+
+	localent = (PgStat_BackendSubEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
+	shsubent = (PgStatShared_Subscription *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	/* localent always has non-zero content */
+
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
+
+#define SUB_ACC(fld) shsubent->stats.fld += localent->fld
+	SUB_ACC(apply_error_count);
+	SUB_ACC(sync_error_count);
+#undef SUB_ACC
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	((PgStatShared_Subscription *) header)->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c
index 8680809deef..ceb6709aada 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c
@@ -21,13 +21,7 @@
 #include "executor/instrument.h"
 
 
-/*
- * WAL global statistics counters.  Stored directly in a stats message
- * structure so they can be sent without needing to copy things around.  We
- * assume these init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
-
+PgStat_WalStats PendingWalStats = {0};
 
 /*
  * WAL usage counters saved from pgWALUsage at the previous call to
@@ -39,101 +33,99 @@ static WalUsage prevWalUsage;
 
 
 /*
- * Send WAL statistics to the collector.
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased and update
+ * shared statistics.
  *
- * If 'force' is not set, WAL stats message is only sent if enough time has
- * passed since last one was sent to reach PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.
+ * Must be called by processes that generate WAL.
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_wal(bool force)
 {
-	static TimestampTz sendTime = 0;
+	pgstat_flush_wal(force);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the WAL statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_WalStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_WAL);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased by substracting the
+ * previous counters from the current ones.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns true if the lock could not be
+ * acquired. Otherwise return false.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait)
+{
+	WalUsage	diff = {0};
+
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shmem != NULL &&
+		   !pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
 
 	/*
-	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
-	 *
-	 * Check wal_records counter to determine whether any WAL activity has
-	 * happened since last time. Note that other WalUsage counters don't need
-	 * to be checked because they are incremented always together with
-	 * wal_records counter.
-	 *
-	 * m_wal_buffers_full also doesn't need to be checked because it's
-	 * incremented only when at least one WAL record is generated (i.e.,
-	 * wal_records counter is incremented). But for safely, we assert that
-	 * m_wal_buffers_full is always zero when no WAL record is generated
-	 *
-	 * This function can be called by a process like walwriter that normally
-	 * generates no WAL records. To determine whether any WAL activity has
-	 * happened at that process since the last time, the numbers of WAL writes
-	 * and syncs are also checked.
+	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. Avoid
+	 * taking lock for nothing in that case.
 	 */
-	if (pgWalUsage.wal_records == prevWalUsage.wal_records &&
-		WalStats.m_wal_write == 0 && WalStats.m_wal_sync == 0)
-	{
-		Assert(WalStats.m_wal_buffers_full == 0);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (!force)
-	{
-		TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		/*
-		 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-		 * msec since we last sent one to avoid overloading the stats
-		 * collector.
-		 */
-		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(sendTime, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-			return;
-		sendTime = now;
-	}
+	if (!pgstat_wal_pending())
+		return false;
 
 	/*
-	 * Set the counters related to generated WAL data if the counters were
-	 * updated.
+	 * We don't update the WAL usage portion of the local WalStats elsewhere.
+	 * Calculate how much WAL usage counters were increased by subtracting the
+	 * previous counters from the current ones.
 	 */
-	if (pgWalUsage.wal_records != prevWalUsage.wal_records)
-	{
-		WalUsage	walusage;
+	WalUsageAccumDiff(&diff, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
+	PendingWalStats.wal_records = diff.wal_records;
+	PendingWalStats.wal_fpi = diff.wal_fpi;
+	PendingWalStats.wal_bytes = diff.wal_bytes;
 
-		/*
-		 * Calculate how much WAL usage counters were increased by subtracting
-		 * the previous counters from the current ones. Fill the results in
-		 * WAL stats message.
-		 */
-		MemSet(&walusage, 0, sizeof(WalUsage));
-		WalUsageAccumDiff(&walusage, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
 
-		WalStats.m_wal_records = walusage.wal_records;
-		WalStats.m_wal_fpi = walusage.wal_fpi;
-		WalStats.m_wal_bytes = walusage.wal_bytes;
+#define WALSTAT_ACC(fld) pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.stats.fld += PendingWalStats.fld
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_records);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_fpi);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_bytes);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_buffers_full);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_write);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_sync);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_write_time);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_sync_time);
+#undef WALSTAT_ACC
 
-		/*
-		 * Save the current counters for the subsequent calculation of WAL
-		 * usage.
-		 */
-		prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
-	}
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock);
 
 	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
+	 * Save the current counters for the subsequent calculation of WAL usage.
 	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&WalStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL);
-	pgstat_send(&WalStats, sizeof(WalStats));
+	prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
-	MemSet(&WalStats, 0, sizeof(WalStats));
+	MemSet(&PendingWalStats, 0, sizeof(PendingWalStats));
+
+	return false;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_wal_initialize(void)
 {
 	/*
-	 * Initialize prevWalUsage with pgWalUsage so that pgstat_report_wal() can
+	 * Initialize prevWalUsage with pgWalUsage so that pgstat_flush_wal() can
 	 * calculate how much pgWalUsage counters are increased by subtracting
 	 * prevWalUsage from pgWalUsage.
 	 */
@@ -151,6 +143,28 @@ bool
 pgstat_wal_pending(void)
 {
 	return pgWalUsage.wal_records != prevWalUsage.wal_records ||
-		WalStats.m_wal_write != 0 ||
-		WalStats.m_wal_sync != 0;
+		PendingWalStats.wal_write != 0 ||
+		PendingWalStats.wal_sync != 0;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Wal *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->wal;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	memset(&stats_shmem->stats, 0, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	stats_shmem->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Wal *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->wal;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal, &stats_shmem->stats,
+		   sizeof(pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c
index 5d3c184efb2..a1697ff8b37 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ static void
 AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 {
 	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+	int			not_freed_count = 0;
 
 	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
 	{
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 	{
 		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
 		dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+		xl_xact_stats_item *it = &pending->item;
 
 		if (isCommit && !pending->is_create)
 		{
@@ -86,7 +88,8 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 			 * Transaction that dropped an object committed. Drop the stats
 			 * too.
 			 */
-			/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+				not_freed_count++;
 		}
 		else if (!isCommit && pending->is_create)
 		{
@@ -94,13 +97,17 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 			 * Transaction that created an object aborted. Drop the stats
 			 * associated with the object.
 			 */
-			/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+				not_freed_count++;
 		}
 
 		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
 		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
 		pfree(pending);
 	}
+
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -135,6 +142,7 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 {
 	PgStat_SubXactStatus *parent_xact_state;
 	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+	int			not_freed_count = 0;
 
 	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
 		return;
@@ -145,6 +153,7 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 	{
 		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
 		dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+		xl_xact_stats_item *it = &pending->item;
 
 		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
 		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
@@ -155,7 +164,8 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 			 * Subtransaction creating a new stats object aborted. Drop the
 			 * stats object.
 			 */
-			/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+				not_freed_count++;
 			pfree(pending);
 		}
 		else if (isCommit)
@@ -175,6 +185,8 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 	}
 
 	Assert(xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0);
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -304,13 +316,21 @@ pgstat_get_transactional_drops(bool isCommit, xl_xact_stats_item **items)
 void
 pgstat_execute_transactional_drops(int ndrops, struct xl_xact_stats_item *items, bool is_redo)
 {
+	int			not_freed_count = 0;
+
 	if (ndrops == 0)
 		return;
 
 	for (int i = 0; i < ndrops; i++)
 	{
-		/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+		xl_xact_stats_item *it = &items[i];
+
+		if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+			not_freed_count++;
 	}
+
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
 }
 
 static void
@@ -342,6 +362,17 @@ create_drop_transactional_internal(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool
 void
 pgstat_create_transactional(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
 {
+	if (pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL))
+	{
+		Oid			msg_oid = (kind == PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE) ? dboid : objoid;
+
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errmsg("Resetting existing stats for %s with OID %d.",
+					   (pgstat_kind_info_for(kind))->name, msg_oid));
+
+		pgstat_reset_entry(kind, dboid, objoid);
+	}
+
 	create_drop_transactional_internal(kind, dboid, objoid, /* create */ true);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
index 1c8aba49259..87c15b9c6f3 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
@@ -230,9 +230,6 @@ pgstat_get_wait_activity(WaitEventActivity w)
 		case WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN:
 			event_name = "LogicalLauncherMain";
 			break;
-		case WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN:
-			event_name = "PgStatMain";
-			break;
 		case WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM:
 			event_name = "RecoveryWalStream";
 			break;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
index 02676bf01dc..848f410c96b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
@@ -2047,7 +2047,15 @@ pg_stat_get_xact_function_self_time(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(pgstat_fetch_global()->stats_timestamp);
+	bool		have_snapshot;
+	TimestampTz ts;
+
+	ts = pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(&have_snapshot);
+
+	if (!have_snapshot)
+		PG_RETURN_NULL();
+
+	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(ts);
 }
 
 /* Discard the active statistics snapshot */
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
index a15ce9edb13..294395058e0 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
 #include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
 #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
 #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
 #include "rewrite/rewriteDefine.h"
 #include "rewrite/rowsecurity.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
@@ -2409,6 +2410,9 @@ RelationDestroyRelation(Relation relation, bool remember_tupdesc)
 	 */
 	RelationCloseSmgr(relation);
 
+	/* break mutual link with stats entry */
+	pgstat_relation_unlink(relation);
+
 	/*
 	 * Free all the subsidiary data structures of the relcache entry, then the
 	 * entry itself.
@@ -2718,6 +2722,7 @@ RelationClearRelation(Relation relation, bool rebuild)
 		SWAPFIELD(Oid, rd_toastoid);
 		/* pgstat_info must be preserved */
 		SWAPFIELD(struct PgStat_TableStatus *, pgstat_info);
+		SWAPFIELD(bool, pgstat_enabled);
 		/* preserve old partition key if we have one */
 		if (keep_partkey)
 		{
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
index 3419c099b28..1a5d29ac9ba 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t LogMemoryContextPending = false;
+volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile uint32 InterruptHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 QueryCancelHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 CritSectionCount = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
index bdc77af7194..0d3cfe8240b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
@@ -288,9 +288,6 @@ GetBackendTypeDesc(BackendType backendType)
 		case B_ARCHIVER:
 			backendDesc = "archiver";
 			break;
-		case B_STATS_COLLECTOR:
-			backendDesc = "stats collector";
-			break;
 		case B_LOGGER:
 			backendDesc = "logger";
 			break;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
index 6452b42dbff..824bc97b031 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ static void StatementTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void LockTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
+static void IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void);
 static bool ThereIsAtLeastOneRole(void);
 static void process_startup_options(Port *port, bool am_superuser);
@@ -725,6 +726,8 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 						IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, IdleSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT, ClientCheckTimeoutHandler);
+		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+						IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -752,6 +755,7 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 		 * Use before_shmem_exit() so that ShutdownXLOG() can rely on DSM
 		 * segments etc to work (which in turn is required for pgstats).
 		 */
+		before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
 		before_shmem_exit(ShutdownXLOG, 0);
 	}
 
@@ -1352,6 +1356,14 @@ IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void)
 	SetLatch(MyLatch);
 }
 
+static void
+IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void)
+{
+	IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = true;
+	InterruptPending = true;
+	SetLatch(MyLatch);
+}
+
 static void
 ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index 9e8ab1420d9..bbb156e0dfe 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -374,6 +374,16 @@ static const struct config_enum_entry track_function_options[] = {
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(track_function_options) == (TRACK_FUNC_ALL + 2),
 				 "array length mismatch");
 
+static const struct config_enum_entry stats_fetch_consistency[] = {
+	{"none", PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE, false},
+	{"cache", PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE, false},
+	{"snapshot", PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT, false},
+	{NULL, 0, false}
+};
+
+StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(stats_fetch_consistency) == (PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT + 2),
+				 "array length mismatch");
+
 static const struct config_enum_entry xmlbinary_options[] = {
 	{"base64", XMLBINARY_BASE64, false},
 	{"hex", XMLBINARY_HEX, false},
@@ -4917,6 +4927,17 @@ static struct config_enum ConfigureNamesEnum[] =
 		NULL, NULL, NULL
 	},
 
+
+	{
+		{"stats_fetch_consistency", PGC_USERSET, STATS_COLLECTOR,
+			gettext_noop("Sets the consistency of accesses to statistics data"),
+			NULL
+		},
+		&pgstat_fetch_consistency,
+		PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE, stats_fetch_consistency,
+		NULL, NULL, NULL
+	},
+
 	{
 		{"wal_compression", PGC_SUSET, WAL_SETTINGS,
 			gettext_noop("Compresses full-page writes written in WAL file with specified method."),
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
index 93d221a37b1..5f9a37bed3b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
@@ -614,6 +614,7 @@
 #track_wal_io_timing = off
 #track_functions = none			# none, pl, all
 #stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
+#stats_fetch_consistency = none
 
 
 # - Monitoring -
diff --git a/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out b/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out
index 206c0a126e5..a10f8214ce2 100644
--- a/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out
+++ b/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ SELECT slot_name, spill_txns > 0 AS spill_txns, spill_count > 0 AS spill_count F
 -- Ensure stats can be repeatedly accessed using the same stats snapshot. See
 -- https://postgr.es/m/20210317230447.c7uc4g3vbs4wi32i%40alap3.anarazel.de
 BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT slot_name FROM pg_stat_replication_slots;
        slot_name       
 -----------------------
diff --git a/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql b/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql
index 67462ca27f7..08616a2f965 100644
--- a/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql
+++ b/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ SELECT slot_name, spill_txns > 0 AS spill_txns, spill_count > 0 AS spill_count F
 -- Ensure stats can be repeatedly accessed using the same stats snapshot. See
 -- https://postgr.es/m/20210317230447.c7uc4g3vbs4wi32i%40alap3.anarazel.de
 BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT slot_name FROM pg_stat_replication_slots;
 SELECT slot_name FROM pg_stat_replication_slots;
 COMMIT;
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index 3b9172f65bd..7c9469fb447 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -1110,10 +1110,6 @@ postgres   27093  0.0  0.0  30096  2752 ?        Ss   11:34   0:00 postgres: ser
       <entry><literal>LogicalLauncherMain</literal></entry>
       <entry>Waiting in main loop of logical replication launcher process.</entry>
      </row>
-     <row>
-      <entry><literal>PgStatMain</literal></entry>
-      <entry>Waiting in main loop of statistics collector process.</entry>
-     </row>
      <row>
       <entry><literal>RecoveryWalStream</literal></entry>
       <entry>Waiting in main loop of startup process for WAL to arrive, during
@@ -2115,6 +2111,18 @@ postgres   27093  0.0  0.0  30096  2752 ?        Ss   11:34   0:00 postgres: ser
       <entry>Waiting to access the list of predicate locks held by
        serializable transactions.</entry>
      </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>PgStatsDSA</literal></entry>
+      <entry>Waiting for stats dynamic shared memory allocator access</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>PgStatsHash</literal></entry>
+      <entry>Waiting for stats shared memory hash table access</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>PgStatsData</literal></entry>
+      <entry>Waiting fo shared memory stats data access</entry>
+     </row>
      <row>
       <entry><literal>SerializableXactHash</literal></entry>
       <entry>Waiting to read or update information about serializable
@@ -5142,7 +5150,8 @@ SELECT pid, wait_event_type, wait_event FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE wait_event i
         <returnvalue>timestamp with time zone</returnvalue>
        </para>
        <para>
-        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot.
+        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot, or NULL if
+        no statistics snapshot has been taken.
        </para></entry>
       </row>
 
diff --git a/src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c b/src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c
index 48829df29c3..5b541ec47f1 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c
+++ b/src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ worker_spi_main(Datum main_arg)
 		PopActiveSnapshot();
 		CommitTransactionCommand();
 		debug_query_string = NULL;
-		pgstat_report_stat(false);
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
 		pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
index 57550d49e77..2f824258cd6 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 -- for the moment, we don't want index-only scans here
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
 declare
@@ -34,6 +37,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- We don't want to wait forever.  No timeout suffices if the OS drops our
   -- stats traffic because an earlier test file left a full UDP buffer.
   -- Hence, don't use PG_TEST_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, which may be large for
@@ -163,6 +168,8 @@ SELECT wait_for_stats();
 (1 row)
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -202,6 +209,7 @@ FROM prevstats AS pr;
  t
 (1 row)
 
+COMMIT;
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
 -- test BRIN index doesn't block HOT update - we include this test here, as it
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
index 7e746dca3b7..4f33ea6a7c8 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
 
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
@@ -33,6 +36,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- We don't want to wait forever.  No timeout suffices if the OS drops our
   -- stats traffic because an earlier test file left a full UDP buffer.
   -- Hence, don't use PG_TEST_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, which may be large for
@@ -158,6 +163,9 @@ RESET enable_bitmapscan;
 SELECT wait_for_stats();
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -177,6 +185,8 @@ SELECT st.heap_blks_read + st.heap_blks_hit >= pr.heap_blks + cl.relpages,
 SELECT pr.snap_ts < pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp() as snapshot_newer
 FROM prevstats AS pr;
 
+COMMIT;
+
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
 
diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
index dc38e16405d..566ecbf0916 100644
--- a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
+++ b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
@@ -1933,51 +1933,39 @@ PgFdwPathExtraData
 PgFdwRelationInfo
 PgFdwScanState
 PgIfAddrCallback
+PgStatShared_Archiver
+PgStatShared_BgWriter
+PgStatShared_Checkpointer
+PgStatShared_Common
+PgStatShared_Database
+PgStatShared_Function
+PgStatShared_HashEntry
+PgStatShared_Relation
+PgStatShared_ReplSlot
+PgStatShared_SLRU
+PgStatShared_Subscription
+PgStatShared_Wal
 PgStat_ArchiverStats
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
+PgStat_BackendSubEntry
 PgStat_BgWriterStats
 PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 PgStat_Counter
+PgStat_EntryRef
+PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry
+PgStat_FetchConsistency
 PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 PgStat_FunctionCounts
-PgStat_FunctionEntry
-PgStat_GlobalStats
+PgStat_HashKey
 PgStat_Kind
-PgStat_Msg
-PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-PgStat_MsgAnlAncestors
-PgStat_MsgArchiver
-PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-PgStat_MsgCheckpointer
-PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-PgStat_MsgConnect
-PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-PgStat_MsgDisconnect
-PgStat_MsgDropdb
-PgStat_MsgDummy
-PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-PgStat_MsgHdr
-PgStat_MsgInquiry
-PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter
-PgStat_MsgSLRU
-PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop
-PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError
-PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-PgStat_MsgTabstat
-PgStat_MsgTempFile
-PgStat_MsgVacuum
-PgStat_MsgWal
+PgStat_KindInfo
+PgStat_LocalState
 PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem
+PgStat_ReplSlotStats
 PgStat_SLRUStats
+PgStat_ShmemControl
+PgStat_Snapshot
+PgStat_SnapshotEntry
 PgStat_StatDBEntry
 PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry
@@ -1985,7 +1973,6 @@ PgStat_StatSubEntry
 PgStat_StatTabEntry
 PgStat_SubXactStatus
 PgStat_TableCounts
-PgStat_TableEntry
 PgStat_TableStatus
 PgStat_TableXactStatus
 PgStat_WalStats
@@ -2533,7 +2520,6 @@ StartReplicationCmd
 StartupStatusEnum
 StatEntry
 StatExtEntry
-StatMsgType
 StateFileChunk
 StatisticExtInfo
 Stats
@@ -2647,8 +2633,6 @@ TXNEntryFile
 TYPCATEGORY
 T_Action
 T_WorkerStatus
-TabStatHashEntry
-TabStatusArray
 TableAmRoutine
 TableAttachInfo
 TableDataInfo
@@ -3433,6 +3417,7 @@ pgssHashKey
 pgssSharedState
 pgssStoreKind
 pgssVersion
+pgstat_entry_ref_hash_hash
 pgstat_page
 pgstattuple_type
 pgthreadlock_t
-- 
2.35.1.677.gabf474a5dd


--vl7on5vfmrsyxmos
Content-Type: text/x-diff; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="v70-0011-pgstat-remove-stats_temp_directory.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v69 10/28] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory.
@ 2022-04-04 23:53 Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 21+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2022-04-04 23:53 UTC (permalink / raw)

Previously the statistics collector received statistics updates via UDP and
shared statistics data by writing them out to temporary files regularly. These
files can reach tens of megabytes and are created around once a second.

Now statistics are stored in shared memory. Statistics for variable-numbered
objects are stored in a dshash hashtable (backed by dynamic shared
memory). Fixed-numbered stats are stored in normal shared memory.

To avoid contention on the shared statistics data, each backend continues to
collect pending status updates and only flushes them out periodically.

To avoid contention on the shared hashtable, each backend has a backend-local
hashtable in front of the shared hashtable, containing references to the
shared hashtable entries. The shared hashtable only needs to be accessed when
no prior reference to the shared hashtable exists.

The stats collector is not needed anymore, remove it.

Subsequent commits contain tests and move pgstat.c to
src/backend/utils/activity.

TODO:
- verify all AFIXMEs

ATODO: bump PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID

Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Author: Andres Freund <[email protected]>
Author: Melanie Plageman <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Andres Freund <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Thomas Munro <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Justin Pryzby <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: "David G. Johnston" <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Tomas Vondra <[email protected]> (in a much earlier version)
Reviewed-By: Arthur Zakirov <[email protected]> (in a much earlier version)
Reviewed-By: Antonin Houska <[email protected]> (in a much earlier version)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
---
 src/include/miscadmin.h                       |    2 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  680 +--
 src/include/storage/lwlock.h                  |    3 +
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  613 ++-
 src/include/utils/rel.h                       |    1 +
 src/include/utils/timeout.h                   |    1 +
 src/include/utils/wait_event.h                |    1 -
 src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c             |   41 +-
 src/backend/commands/vacuum.c                 |    7 -
 src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c         |    2 +
 src/backend/lib/dshash.c                      |    4 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c           |  197 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c         |   20 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c            |    5 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c               | 4904 ++++-------------
 src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c           |   91 +-
 src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c     |    1 -
 src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c   |    8 +-
 src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c      |    6 +
 src/backend/replication/slot.c                |   28 +-
 src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c           |    8 +-
 src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c                |    2 +
 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c             |    8 +-
 src/backend/tcop/postgres.c                   |   29 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile           |    1 +
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c  |   89 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c  |   81 +-
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c      |   93 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |  327 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |  165 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  626 ++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c  |  189 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c     | 1011 ++++
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c      |  160 +-
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c      |   86 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c       |  168 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c      |   39 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c       |    3 -
 src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c           |   10 +-
 src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c            |    5 +
 src/backend/utils/init/globals.c              |    1 +
 src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c             |    3 -
 src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c             |   12 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c                  |   21 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample |    1 +
 contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out      |    1 +
 contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql           |    1 +
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |   19 +-
 src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c      |    2 +-
 src/test/regress/expected/stats.out           |    8 +
 src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql                |   10 +
 src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list              |   63 +-
 52 files changed, 4417 insertions(+), 5440 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c

diff --git a/src/include/miscadmin.h b/src/include/miscadmin.h
index 0abc3ad5405..1d89b2759d2 100644
--- a/src/include/miscadmin.h
+++ b/src/include/miscadmin.h
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t LogMemoryContextPending;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending;
 
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t CheckClientConnectionPending;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT volatile sig_atomic_t ClientConnectionLost;
@@ -333,7 +334,6 @@ typedef enum BackendType
 	B_WAL_SENDER,
 	B_WAL_WRITER,
 	B_ARCHIVER,
-	B_STATS_COLLECTOR,
 	B_LOGGER,
 } BackendType;
 
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index 6443148999a..666ffcb405d 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -14,10 +14,8 @@
 #include "datatype/timestamp.h"
 #include "portability/instr_time.h"
 #include "postmaster/pgarch.h"	/* for MAX_XFN_CHARS */
-#include "replication/logicalproto.h"
 #include "utils/backend_progress.h" /* for backward compatibility */
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */
-#include "utils/hsearch.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */
 
@@ -27,8 +25,8 @@
  * ----------
  */
 #define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY		"pg_stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/global.stat"
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/global.tmp"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME		"pg_stat/pgstat.stat"
+#define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE		"pg_stat/pgstat.tmp"
 
 /* Default directory to store temporary statistics data in */
 #define PG_STAT_TMP_DIR		"pg_stat_tmp"
@@ -69,6 +67,13 @@ typedef enum TrackFunctionsLevel
 	TRACK_FUNC_ALL
 }			TrackFunctionsLevel;
 
+typedef enum PgStat_FetchConsistency
+{
+	PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE,
+	PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE,
+	PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT,
+} PgStat_FetchConsistency;
+
 /* Values to track the cause of session termination */
 typedef enum SessionEndType
 {
@@ -95,7 +100,7 @@ typedef int64 PgStat_Counter;
  * PgStat_FunctionCounts	The actual per-function counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any pending stats.
  *
  * Note that the time counters are in instr_time format here.  We convert to
  * microseconds in PgStat_Counter format when flushing out pending statistics.
@@ -109,12 +114,11 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCounts
 } PgStat_FunctionCounts;
 
 /* ----------
- * PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry	Entry in backend's per-function hash table
+ * PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry	Non-flushed function stats.
  * ----------
  */
 typedef struct PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
 {
-	Oid			f_id;
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts f_counts;
 } PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry;
 
@@ -134,13 +138,22 @@ typedef struct PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 	instr_time	f_start;
 } PgStat_FunctionCallUsage;
 
+/* ----------
+ * PgStat_BackendSubEntry	Non-flushed subscription stats.
+ * ----------
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_BackendSubEntry
+{
+	PgStat_Counter apply_error_count;
+	PgStat_Counter sync_error_count;
+} PgStat_BackendSubEntry;
+
 /* ----------
  * PgStat_TableCounts			The actual per-table counts kept by a backend
  *
  * This struct should contain only actual event counters, because we memcmp
- * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any counts to transmit.
- * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state) and
- * PgStat_TableEntry (the transmitted message format).
+ * it against zeroes to detect whether there are any stats updates to apply.
+ * It is a component of PgStat_TableStatus (within-backend state).
  *
  * Note: for a table, tuples_returned is the number of tuples successfully
  * fetched by heap_getnext, while tuples_fetched is the number of tuples
@@ -197,6 +210,7 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableStatus
 	bool		t_shared;		/* is it a shared catalog? */
 	struct PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans;	/* lowest subxact's counts */
 	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;	/* event counts to be sent */
+	Relation	relation;		/* rel that is using this entry */
 } PgStat_TableStatus;
 
 /* ----------
@@ -224,562 +238,7 @@ typedef struct PgStat_TableXactStatus
 
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Message formats follow
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
- */
-
-/* ----------
- * The types of backend -> collector messages
- * ----------
- */
-typedef enum StatMsgType
-{
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP,
-	PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR,
-} StatMsgType;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgHdr				The common message header
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgHdr
-{
-	StatMsgType m_type;
-	int			m_size;
-} PgStat_MsgHdr;
-
-/* ----------
- * Space available in a message.  This will keep the UDP packets below 1K,
- * which should fit unfragmented into the MTU of the loopback interface.
- * (Larger values of PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would work for that on most
- * platforms, but we're being conservative here.)
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE 1000
-#define PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD	(PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE - sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDummy				A dummy message, ignored by the collector
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDummy
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-} PgStat_MsgDummy;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgInquiry			Sent by a backend to ask the collector
- *								to write the stats file(s).
- *
- * Ordinarily, an inquiry message prompts writing of the global stats file,
- * the stats file for shared catalogs, and the stats file for the specified
- * database.  If databaseid is InvalidOid, only the first two are written.
- *
- * New file(s) will be written only if the existing file has a timestamp
- * older than the specified cutoff_time; this prevents duplicated effort
- * when multiple requests arrive at nearly the same time, assuming that
- * backends send requests with cutoff_times a little bit in the past.
- *
- * clock_time should be the requestor's current local time; the collector
- * uses this to check for the system clock going backward, but it has no
- * effect unless that occurs.  We assume clock_time >= cutoff_time, though.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgInquiry
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	TimestampTz clock_time;		/* observed local clock time */
-	TimestampTz cutoff_time;	/* minimum acceptable file timestamp */
-	Oid			databaseid;		/* requested DB (InvalidOid => shared only) */
-} PgStat_MsgInquiry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_TableEntry			Per-table info in a MsgTabstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_TableEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableCounts t_counts;
-} PgStat_TableEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabstat			Sent by the backend to report table
- *								and buffer access statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - 3 * sizeof(int) - 5 * sizeof(PgStat_Counter)) \
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	int			m_xact_commit;
-	int			m_xact_rollback;
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_read_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_block_write_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_session_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_active_time;
-	PgStat_Counter m_idle_in_xact_time;
-	PgStat_TableEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgTabstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTabpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead tables.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_tableid[PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgTabpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDropdb				Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a dropped database
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDropdb
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDropdb;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetcounter		Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset counters
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a shared counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Kind m_resettarget;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a single counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_Kind m_resettype;
-	Oid			m_objectid;
-} PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset a SLRU counter
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	int			m_index;
-} PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset replication slot counter(s)
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	NameData	m_slotname;
-	bool		clearall;
-} PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								to reset subscription counter(s)
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_subid;		/* InvalidOid means reset all subscription
-								 * stats */
-} PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAutovacStart		Sent by the autovacuum daemon to signal
- *								that a database is going to be processed
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	TimestampTz m_start_time;
-} PgStat_MsgAutovacStart;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgVacuum				Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after VACUUM
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgVacuum
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	TimestampTz m_vacuumtime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgVacuum;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgAnalyze			Sent by the backend or autovacuum daemon
- *								after ANALYZE
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	Oid			m_tableoid;
-	bool		m_autovacuum;
-	bool		m_resetcounter;
-	TimestampTz m_analyzetime;
-	PgStat_Counter m_live_tuples;
-	PgStat_Counter m_dead_tuples;
-} PgStat_MsgAnalyze;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgArchiver			Sent by the archiver to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgArchiver
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	bool		m_failed;		/* Failed attempt */
-	char		m_xlog[MAX_XFN_CHARS + 1];
-	TimestampTz m_timestamp;
-} PgStat_MsgArchiver;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgBgWriter			Sent by the bgwriter to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_maxwritten_clean;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_alloc;
-} PgStat_MsgBgWriter;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgCheckpointer  Sent by the checkpointer to update statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgCheckpointer
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	PgStat_Counter m_timed_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_requested_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_written_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_buf_fsync_backend;
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_write_time; /* times in milliseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-} PgStat_MsgCheckpointer;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgWal			Sent by backends and background processes to update WAL statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgWal
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_records;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_fpi;
-	uint64		m_wal_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_buffers_full;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync;
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_write_time;	/* time spent writing wal records in
-										 * microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter m_wal_sync_time; /* time spent syncing wal records in
-									 * microseconds */
-} PgStat_MsgWal;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSLRU			Sent by a backend to update SLRU statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSLRU
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	PgStat_Counter m_index;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_zeroed;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_hit;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_read;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_written;
-	PgStat_Counter m_blocks_exists;
-	PgStat_Counter m_flush;
-	PgStat_Counter m_truncate;
-} PgStat_MsgSLRU;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgReplSlot	Sent by a backend or a wal sender to update replication
- *						slot statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	NameData	m_slotname;
-	bool		m_create;
-	bool		m_drop;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_spill_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_count;
-	PgStat_Counter m_stream_bytes;
-	PgStat_Counter m_total_txns;
-	PgStat_Counter m_total_bytes;
-} PgStat_MsgReplSlot;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop	Sent by the backend and autovacuum to tell the
- *								collector about the dead subscription.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_subid;
-} PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError	Sent by the apply worker or the table sync
- *								worker to report an error on the subscription.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_subid;
-	bool		m_is_apply_error;
-} PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict	Sent by the backend upon recovery conflict
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_reason;
-} PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgTempFile	Sent by the backend upon creating a temp file
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgTempFile
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	size_t		m_filesize;
-} PgStat_MsgTempFile;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_FunctionEntry			Per-function info in a MsgFuncstat
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_FunctionEntry
-{
-	Oid			f_id;
-	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
-	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
-	PgStat_Counter f_self_time;
-} PgStat_FunctionEntry;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncstat			Sent by the backend to report function
- *								usage statistics.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES	\
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry m_entry[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncstat;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgFuncpurge			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about dead functions.
- * ----------
- */
-#define PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE  \
-	((PGSTAT_MSG_PAYLOAD - sizeof(Oid) - sizeof(int))  \
-	 / sizeof(Oid))
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_nentries;
-	Oid			m_functionid[PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE];
-} PgStat_MsgFuncpurge;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDeadlock			Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about a deadlock that occurred.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgDeadlock;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure	Sent by the backend to tell the collector
- *								about checksum failures noticed.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	int			m_failurecount;
-	TimestampTz m_failure_time;
-} PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgConnect			Sent by the backend upon connection
- *								establishment
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgConnect
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-} PgStat_MsgConnect;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgDisconnect			Sent by the backend when disconnecting
- * ----------
- */
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgDisconnect
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-	Oid			m_databaseid;
-	SessionEndType m_cause;
-} PgStat_MsgDisconnect;
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_Msg					Union over all possible messages.
- * ----------
- */
-typedef union PgStat_Msg
-{
-	PgStat_MsgHdr msg_hdr;
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg_dummy;
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg_inquiry;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat msg_tabstat;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg_tabpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg_dropdb;
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg_resetcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg_resetsharedcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg_resetsinglecounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg_resetslrucounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg_resetreplslotcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg_resetsubcounter;
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg_autovacuum_start;
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg_vacuum;
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg_analyze;
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg_archiver;
-	PgStat_MsgBgWriter msg_bgwriter;
-	PgStat_MsgCheckpointer msg_checkpointer;
-	PgStat_MsgWal msg_wal;
-	PgStat_MsgSLRU msg_slru;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg_funcstat;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge msg_funcpurge;
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg_recoveryconflict;
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg_deadlock;
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg_tempfile;
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg_checksumfailure;
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg_replslot;
-	PgStat_MsgConnect msg_connect;
-	PgStat_MsgDisconnect msg_disconnect;
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError msg_subscriptionerror;
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop msg_subscriptiondrop;
-} PgStat_Msg;
-
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Statistic collector data structures follow
+ * Data structures on disk and in shared memory follow
  *
  * PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID should be changed whenever any of these
  * data structures change.
@@ -811,7 +270,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_BgWriterStats
 
 typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 {
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
 	PgStat_Counter timed_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter requested_checkpoints;
 	PgStat_Counter checkpoint_write_time;	/* times in milliseconds */
@@ -823,7 +281,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 {
-	Oid			databaseid;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_commit;
 	PgStat_Counter n_xact_rollback;
 	PgStat_Counter n_blocks_fetched;
@@ -855,34 +312,16 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 	PgStat_Counter n_sessions_killed;
 
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of db stats file update */
-
-	/*
-	 * tables and functions must be last in the struct, because we don't write
-	 * the pointers out to the stats file.
-	 */
-	HTAB	   *tables;
-	HTAB	   *functions;
 } PgStat_StatDBEntry;
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 {
-	Oid			functionid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter f_numcalls;
 
 	PgStat_Counter f_total_time;	/* times in microseconds */
 	PgStat_Counter f_self_time;
 } PgStat_StatFuncEntry;
 
-typedef struct PgStat_GlobalStats
-{
-	TimestampTz stats_timestamp;	/* time of stats file update */
-
-	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
-	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
-} PgStat_GlobalStats;
-
 typedef struct PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry
 {
 	NameData	slotname;
@@ -911,8 +350,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SLRUStats
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatSubEntry
 {
-	Oid			subid;			/* hash key (must be first) */
-
 	PgStat_Counter apply_error_count;
 	PgStat_Counter sync_error_count;
 	TimestampTz stat_reset_timestamp;
@@ -920,8 +357,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatSubEntry
 
 typedef struct PgStat_StatTabEntry
 {
-	Oid			tableid;
-
 	PgStat_Counter numscans;
 
 	PgStat_Counter tuples_returned;
@@ -969,14 +404,13 @@ typedef struct PgStat_WalStats
  */
 
 /* functions called from postmaster */
-extern void pgstat_init(void);
-extern void pgstat_reset_all(void);
-extern int	pgstat_start(void);
-extern void allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void);
+extern Size StatsShmemSize(void);
+extern void StatsShmemInit(void);
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-extern void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
-#endif
+/* Functions called during server startup / shutdown */
+extern void pgstat_restore_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_discard_stats(void);
+extern void pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg);
 
 /* Functions for backend initialization */
 extern void pgstat_initialize(void);
@@ -992,33 +426,24 @@ extern int	pgstat_get_transactional_drops(bool isCommit, struct xl_xact_stats_it
 extern void pgstat_execute_transactional_drops(int ndrops, struct xl_xact_stats_item *items, bool is_redo);
 
 /* Functions called from backends */
-extern void pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
-extern void pgstat_vacuum_stat(void);
-extern void pgstat_ping(void);
+extern long pgstat_report_stat(bool force);
 
 extern void pgstat_reset_counters(void);
 extern void pgstat_reset_single_counter(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid objectid);
 extern void pgstat_reset_shared_counters(PgStat_Kind kind);
 
 /* stats accessors */
-extern PgStat_ArchiverStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void);
-extern PgStat_BgWriterStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void);
-extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void);
-extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid);
-extern PgStat_StatFuncEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid funcid);
-extern PgStat_GlobalStats *pgstat_fetch_global(void);
-extern PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname);
-extern PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid);
-extern PgStat_SLRUStats *pgstat_fetch_slru(void);
-extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid);
-extern PgStat_WalStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void);
+extern TimestampTz pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot);
 
+/* helpers */
+extern PgStat_Kind pgstat_kind_from_str(char *kind_str);
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_archiver.c
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
+extern PgStat_ArchiverStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1026,6 +451,7 @@ extern void pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed);
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_bgwriter(void);
+extern PgStat_BgWriterStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1033,6 +459,7 @@ extern void pgstat_report_bgwriter(void);
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_checkpointer(void);
+extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1055,6 +482,7 @@ extern void pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid);
 #define pgstat_count_conn_txn_idle_time(n)							\
 	(pgStatTransactionIdleTime += (n))
 
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid);
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
@@ -1069,6 +497,7 @@ extern void pgstat_init_function_usage(struct FunctionCallInfoBaseData *fcinfo,
 extern void pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu,
 									  bool finalize);
 
+extern PgStat_StatFuncEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid funcid);
 extern PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id);
 
 
@@ -1081,6 +510,8 @@ extern void pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel);
 extern void pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dstrel, Relation srcrel);
 
 extern void pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel);
+extern void pgstat_relation_unlink(Relation rel);
 
 extern void pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
@@ -1089,8 +520,14 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 								  PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples,
 								  bool resetcounter);
 
+/*
+ * If stats are hasn't been prepared yet, call pgstat_relation_assoc() to do
+ * so. See its comment for why this is done separately from
+ * pgstat_relation_init().
+ */
 #define pgstat_relation_should_count(rel)                           \
-	(likely((rel)->pgstat_info != NULL))
+	(likely((rel)->pgstat_info != NULL) ? true :                    \
+	 ((rel)->pgstat_enabled ? pgstat_relation_assoc(rel), true : false))
 
 /* nontransactional event counts are simple enough to inline */
 
@@ -1141,6 +578,9 @@ extern void pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 extern void pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 									  void *recdata, uint32 len);
 
+extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid);
+extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(bool shared,
+														   Oid relid);
 extern PgStat_TableStatus *find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id);
 
 
@@ -1153,7 +593,9 @@ extern void pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name);
 struct ReplicationSlot;
 extern void pgstat_report_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat);
 extern void pgstat_create_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot);
-extern void pgstat_drop_replslot(const char *slotname);
+extern void pgstat_acquire_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot);
+extern void pgstat_drop_replslot(struct ReplicationSlot *slot);
+extern PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1170,6 +612,7 @@ extern void pgstat_count_slru_flush(int slru_idx);
 extern void pgstat_count_slru_truncate(int slru_idx);
 extern const char *pgstat_slru_name(int slru_idx);
 extern int	pgstat_slru_index(const char *name);
+extern PgStat_SLRUStats *pgstat_fetch_slru(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1181,6 +624,7 @@ extern void pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid);
 extern void pgstat_report_subscription_error(Oid subid, bool is_apply_error);
 extern void pgstat_create_subscription(Oid subid);
 extern void pgstat_drop_subscription(Oid subid);
+extern PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1188,6 +632,7 @@ extern void pgstat_drop_subscription(Oid subid);
  */
 
 extern void pgstat_report_wal(bool force);
+extern PgStat_WalStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1197,6 +642,9 @@ extern void pgstat_report_wal(bool force);
 /* GUC parameters */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT bool pgstat_track_counts;
 extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_track_functions;
+extern PGDLLIMPORT int pgstat_fetch_consistency;
+
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 extern char *pgstat_stat_directory;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_tmpname;
 extern char *pgstat_stat_filename;
@@ -1207,7 +655,7 @@ extern char *pgstat_stat_filename;
  */
 
 /* updated directly by bgwriter and bufmgr */
-extern PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
+extern PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats;
 
 
 /*
@@ -1218,7 +666,7 @@ extern PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
  * Checkpointer statistics counters are updated directly by checkpointer and
  * bufmgr.
  */
-extern PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
+extern PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats;
 
 
 /*
@@ -1245,7 +693,7 @@ extern SessionEndType pgStatSessionEndCause;
  */
 
 /* updated directly by backends and background processes */
-extern PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
+extern PgStat_WalStats PendingWalStats;
 
 
 #endif							/* PGSTAT_H */
diff --git a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
index c3d5889d7b2..33eb4c10339 100644
--- a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
+++ b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
@@ -190,6 +190,9 @@ typedef enum BuiltinTrancheIds
 	LWTRANCHE_SHARED_TIDBITMAP,
 	LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND,
 	LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DSA,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_HASH,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA,
 	LWTRANCHE_FIRST_USER_DEFINED
 }			BuiltinTrancheIds;
 
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index 16e99afa885..694d1d3b811 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Definitions for the PostgreSQL cumulative statistics system that should
  * only be needed by files implementing statistics support (rather than ones
- * reporting / querying stats).
+ * reporting stats).
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
@@ -14,21 +14,133 @@
 #define PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H
 
 
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
+#include "lib/ilist.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
+#include "utils/dsa.h"
 
 
-#define PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL	500 /* Minimum time between stats file
-									 * updates; in milliseconds. */
-
-/* ----------
- * The initial size hints for the hash tables used in the collector.
- * ----------
+/*
+ * Types related to shared memory storage of statistics.
+ *
+ * Per-object statistics are stored in the "shared stats" hashtable. That
+ * table's entries (PgStatShared_HashEntry) contain a pointer to the actual stats
+ * data for the object (the size of the stats data varies depending on the
+ * kind of stats). The table is keyed by PgStat_HashKey.
+ *
+ * Once a backend has a reference to a shared stats entry, it increments the
+ * entry's refcount. Even after stats data is dropped (e.g. due to a DROP
+ * TABLE), the entry itself can only be deleted once all references have been
+ * released.
+ *
+ * These refcounts, in combination with a backend local hashtable
+ * (pgStatEntryRefHash, with entries pointing to PgStat_EntryRef) in front of
+ * the shared hash table, mean that most stats work can happen without
+ * touching the shared hash table, reducing contention.
+ *
+ * Once there are pending stats updates for a table PgStat_EntryRef->pending
+ * is allocated to contain a working space for as-of-yet-unapplied stats
+ * updates. Once the stats are flushed, PgStat_EntryRef->pending is freed.
+ *
+ * Each stat kind in the shared hash table has a fixed member
+ * PgStatShared_Common as the first element.
  */
-#define PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE		16
-#define PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE	512
-#define PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE	512
-#define PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE	32
-#define PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE	32
+
+/* struct for shared statistics hash entry key. */
+typedef struct PgStat_HashKey
+{
+	PgStat_Kind kind;			/* statistics entry kind */
+	Oid			dboid;			/* database ID. InvalidOid for shared objects. */
+	Oid			objoid;			/* object ID, either table or function. */
+} PgStat_HashKey;
+
+/*
+ * Shared statistics hash entry. Doesn't itself contain any stats, but points
+ * to them (with ->body). That allows the stats entries themselves to be of
+ * variable size.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShared_HashEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;			/* hash key */
+
+	/*
+	 * If dropped is set, backends need to release their references so that
+	 * the memory for the entry can be freed. No new references may be made
+	 * once marked as dropped.
+	 */
+	bool		dropped;
+
+	/*
+	 * Refcount managing lifetime of the entry itself (as opposed to the
+	 * dshash entry pointing to it). The stats lifetime has to be separate
+	 * from the hash table entry lifetime because we allow backends to point
+	 * to a stats entry without holding a hash table lock (and some other
+	 * reasons).
+	 *
+	 * As long as the entry is not dropped, 1 is added to the refcount
+	 * representing that the entry should not be dropped. In addition each
+	 * backend that has a reference to the entry needs to increment the
+	 * refcount as long as it does.
+	 *
+	 * May only be incremented / decremented while holding at least a shared
+	 * lock on the dshash partition containing the entry. It needs to be an
+	 * atomic variable because multiple backends can increment the refcount
+	 * with just a shared lock.
+	 *
+	 * When the refcount reaches 0 the entry needs to be freed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint32 refcount;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to shared stats. The stats entry always starts with
+	 * PgStatShared_Common, embedded in a larger struct containing the
+	 * PgStat_Kind specific stats fields.
+	 */
+	dsa_pointer body;
+} PgStatShared_HashEntry;
+
+/*
+ * Common header struct for PgStatShm_Stat*Entry.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Common
+{
+	uint32		magic;			/* just a validity cross-check */
+	/* lock protecting stats contents (i.e. data following the header) */
+	LWLock		lock;
+} PgStatShared_Common;
+
+/*
+ * A backend local reference to a shared stats entry. As long as at least one
+ * such reference exists, the shared stats entry will not be released.
+ *
+ * If there are pending stats update to the shared stats, these are stored in
+ * ->pending.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_EntryRef
+{
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to the PgStatShared_HashEntry entry in the shared stats
+	 * hashtable.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shared_entry;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to the stats data (i.e. PgStatShared_HashEntry->body), resolved
+	 * as a local pointer, to avoid repeated dsa_get_address() calls.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_Common *shared_stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pending statistics data that will need to be flushed to shared memory
+	 * stats eventually. Each stats kind utilizing pending data defines what
+	 * format its pending data has and needs to provide a
+	 * PgStat_KindInfo->flush_pending_cb callback to merge pending into shared
+	 * stats.
+	 */
+	void	   *pending;
+	dlist_node	pending_node;	/* membership in pgStatPending list */
+} PgStat_EntryRef;
 
 
 /*
@@ -43,11 +155,11 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
 	struct PgStat_SubXactStatus *prev;	/* higher-level subxact if any */
 
 	/*
-	 * Dropping the statistics for objects that dropped transactionally itself
-	 * needs to be transactional. Therefore we collect the stats dropped in
-	 * the current (sub-)transaction and only execute the stats drop when we
-	 * know if the transaction commits/aborts. To handle replicas and crashes,
-	 * stats drops are included in commit records.
+	 * Statistics for transactionally dropped objects need to be
+	 * transactionally dropped as well. Collect the stats dropped in the
+	 * current (sub-)transaction and only execute the stats drop when we know
+	 * if the transaction commits/aborts. To handle replicas and crashes,
+	 * stats drops are included in commit / abort records.
 	 */
 	dlist_head	pending_drops;
 	int			pending_drops_count;
@@ -64,10 +176,95 @@ typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
 } PgStat_SubXactStatus;
 
 
+/*
+ * Metadata for a specific kind of statistics.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_KindInfo
+{
+	/*
+	 * Do a fixed number of stats objects exist for this kind of stats (e.g.
+	 * bgwriter stats) or not (e.g. tables).
+	 */
+	bool		fixed_amount:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Can stats of this kind be accessed from another database? Determines
+	 * whether a stats object gets included in stats snapshots.
+	 */
+	bool		accessed_across_databases:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: Identified on-disk using a name, rather
+	 * than PgStat_HashKey. Probably only needed for replication slot stats.
+	 */
+	bool		named_on_disk:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of an entry in the shared stats hash table (pointed to by
+	 * PgStatShared_HashEntry->body).
+	 */
+	uint32		shared_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The offset/size of statistics inside the shared stats entry. Used when
+	 * [de-]serializing statistics to / from disk respectively. Separate from
+	 * shared_size because [de-]serialization may not include in-memory state
+	 * like lwlocks.
+	 */
+	uint32		shared_data_off;
+	uint32		shared_data_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of the pending data for this kind. E.g. how large
+	 * PgStat_EntryRef->pending is. Used for allocations.
+	 *
+	 * 0 signals that an entry of this kind should never have a pending entry.
+	 */
+	uint32		pending_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: flush pending stats.
+	 */
+	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: delete pending stats. Optional.
+	 */
+	void		(*delete_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: reset the reset timestamp. Optional.
+	 */
+	void		(*reset_timestamp_cb) (PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+
+	/*
+	 * For global statistics: Reset All.
+	 */
+	void		(*reset_all_cb) (TimestampTz now);
+
+	/*
+	 * For global statistics: Fetch a snapshot of appropriate global stats.
+	 */
+	void		(*snapshot_cb) (void);
+
+	/*
+	 * For named_on_disk_stats:
+	 */
+	void		(*to_serialized_name) (const PgStatShared_Common *header, NameData *name);
+	bool		(*from_serialized_name) (const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key);
+
+	/* name of the kind of stats */
+	const char *const name;
+} PgStat_KindInfo;
+
+
 /*
  * List of SLRU names that we keep stats for.  There is no central registry of
  * SLRUs, so we use this fixed list instead.  The "other" entry is used for
  * all SLRUs without an explicit entry (e.g. SLRUs in extensions).
+ *
+ * This is only defined here so that SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS is known for later type
+ * definitions.
  */
 static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 	"CommitTs",
@@ -83,33 +280,266 @@ static const char *const slru_names[] = {
 #define SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS	lengthof(slru_names)
 
 
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of fixed-amount stats.
+ *
+ * Single-writer stats use the changecount mechanism to achieve low-overhead
+ * writes - they're obviously more performance critical than reads. Check the
+ * definition of struct PgBackendStatus for some explanation of the
+ * changecount mechanism.
+ *
+ * Because the obvious implementation of resetting single-writer stats isn't
+ * compatible with that (another backend needs to write), we don't scribble on
+ * shared stats while resetting. Instead, just record the current counter
+ * values in a copy of the stats data, which is protected by ->lock. See
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_(archiver|bgwriter|checkpointer) for the reader side.
+ *
+ * The only exception to that is the the stat_reset_timestamp in these
+ * structs, which is protected by ->lock, because it has to be written by
+ * another backend while resetting
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Archiver
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats stats;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_Archiver;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_BgWriter
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats stats;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_BgWriter;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Checkpointer
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats stats;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_Checkpointer;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_SLRU
+{
+	/* lock protects ->stats */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	PgStat_SLRUStats stats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+} PgStatShared_SLRU;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Wal
+{
+	/* lock protects ->stats */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	PgStat_WalStats stats;
+} PgStatShared_Wal;
+
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of variable-amount stats.
+ *
+ * Each struct has to start with PgStatShared_Common, containing information
+ * common across the different types of stats. Kind-specific data follows.
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Database
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Database;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Relation
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Relation;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Function
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatFuncEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Function;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Subscription
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatSubEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Subscription;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_ReplSlot
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_ReplSlot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Central shared memory entry for the cumulative stats system.
+ *
+ * Fixed amount stats, the dynamic shared memory hash table for
+ * non-fixed-amount stats, as well as remaining bits and pieces are all
+ * reached from here.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_ShmemControl
+{
+	void	   *raw_dsa_area;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats for variable-numbered objects are kept in this shared hash table.
+	 * See comment above PgStat_Kind for details.
+	 */
+	dshash_table_handle hash_handle;	/* shared dbstat hash */
+
+	/* Has the stats system already been shut down? Just a debugging check. */
+	bool		is_shutdown;
+
+	/*
+	 * Whenever statistics for dropped objects could not be freed - because
+	 * backends still have references - the dropping backend calls
+	 * pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc() incrementing this counter. Eventually
+	 * that causes backends to run pgstat_gc_entry_refs(), allowing memory to
+	 * be reclaimed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint64 gc_request_count;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats data for fixed-numbered objects.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_Archiver archiver;
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter bgwriter;
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer checkpointer;
+	PgStatShared_SLRU slru;
+	PgStatShared_Wal wal;
+} PgStat_ShmemControl;
+
+
+/*
+ * Cached statistics snapshot
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_Snapshot
+{
+	PgStat_FetchConsistency mode;
+
+	/* time at which snapshot was taken */
+	TimestampTz snapshot_timestamp;
+
+	bool		global_valid[PGSTAT_NUM_KINDS];
+
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats archiver;
+
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
+
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
+
+	PgStat_SLRUStats slru[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+
+	PgStat_WalStats wal;
+
+	/* to free snapshot in bulk */
+	MemoryContext context;
+	struct pgstat_snapshot_hash *stats;
+} PgStat_Snapshot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Collection of backend-local stats state.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_LocalState
+{
+	PgStat_ShmemControl *shmem;
+	dsa_area   *dsa;
+	dshash_table *shared_hash;
+
+	/* the current statistics snapshot */
+	PgStat_Snapshot snapshot;
+} PgStat_LocalState;
+
+
+/*
+ * Inline functions defined further below.
+ */
+
+static inline void changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline void changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline uint32 changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc);
+static inline bool changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 cc_before);
+
+static inline void pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+												   uint32 *cc);
+
+
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype);
-extern void pgstat_send(void *msg, int len);
+const PgStat_KindInfo *pgstat_kind_info_for(PgStat_Kind kind);
+
 #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
 extern void pgstat_assert_is_up(void);
 #else
 #define pgstat_assert_is_up() ((void)true)
 #endif
 
+extern void pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool *created_entry);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+
+extern void *pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_archiver.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_bgwriter.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_checkpointer.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb(void);
+
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_database.c
  */
 
-extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
 extern void pgstat_report_disconnect(Oid dboid);
-extern void pgstat_update_dbstats(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_update_dbstats(TimestampTz now);
+extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
+
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid);
+extern void pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts);
+extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_funcstats(void);
+extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
 
 
 /*
@@ -120,23 +550,71 @@ extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isC
 extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit, int nestDepth);
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
-extern void pgstat_send_tabstats(TimestampTz now, bool disconnect);
+
+extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_replslot.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb(const PgStatShared_Common *tmp, NameData *name);
+extern bool pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb(const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_shmem.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_attach_shmem(void);
+extern void pgstat_detach_shmem(void);
+
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_get_entry_ref(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+											 bool create, bool *found);
+extern bool pgstat_lock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_unlock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+extern bool pgstat_drop_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_drop_all_entries(void);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+													bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_reset_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PgStat_Kind kind);
+extern void pgstat_reset_matching_entries(bool (*do_reset) (PgStatShared_HashEntry *, Datum), Datum match_data);
+
+extern void pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc(void);
+extern PgStatShared_Common *pgstat_init_entry(PgStat_Kind kind,
+											  PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_slru.c
  */
 
-extern void pgstat_send_slru(void);
+extern bool pgstat_slru_flush(bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb(void);
 
 
 /*
  * Functions in pgstat_wal.c
  */
 
+extern bool pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait);
 extern void pgstat_wal_initialize(void);
 extern bool pgstat_wal_pending(void);
 
+extern void pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now);
+extern void pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
+ */
+
+extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
 /*
@@ -152,29 +630,100 @@ extern void pgstat_create_transactional(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
  * Variables in pgstat.c
  */
 
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
+extern PgStat_LocalState pgStatLocal;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_database.c
+ * Variables in pgstat_slru.c
  */
 
-extern int	pgStatXactCommit;
-extern int	pgStatXactRollback;
+extern bool have_slrustats;
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_functions.c
+ * Implementation of inline functions declared above.
  */
 
-extern bool have_function_stats;
+/*
+ * Helpers for changecount manipulation. See comments around struct
+ * PgBackendStatus for details.
+ */
+
+static inline void
+changecount_before_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 0);
+
+	START_CRIT_SECTION();
+	(*cc)++;
+	pg_write_barrier();
+}
+
+static inline void
+changecount_after_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 1);
+
+	pg_write_barrier();
+
+	(*cc)++;
+
+	END_CRIT_SECTION();
+}
+
+static inline uint32
+changecount_before_read(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32		before_cc = *cc;
+
+	CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	return before_cc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns true if the read succeeded, false if it needs to be repeated.
+ */
+static inline bool
+changecount_after_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 before_cc)
+{
+	uint32		after_cc;
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	after_cc = *cc;
+
+	/* was a write in progress when we started? */
+	if (before_cc & 1)
+		return false;
+
+	/* did writes start and complete while we read? */
+	return before_cc == after_cc;
+}
 
 
 /*
- * Variables in pgstat_relation.c
+ * helper function for PgStat_KindInfo->snapshot_cb
+ * PgStat_KindInfo->reset_all_cb callbacks.
+ *
+ * Copies out the specified memory area following change-count protocol.
  */
+static inline void
+pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+								uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32		cc_before;
 
-extern bool have_relation_stats;
+	do
+	{
+		cc_before = changecount_before_read(cc);
+
+		memcpy(dst, src, len);
+	}
+	while (!changecount_after_read(cc, cc_before));
+}
 
 
 #endif							/* PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/rel.h b/src/include/utils/rel.h
index 121dbbc9a96..eadbd009045 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/rel.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/rel.h
@@ -246,6 +246,7 @@ typedef struct RelationData
 	 */
 	Oid			rd_toastoid;	/* Real TOAST table's OID, or InvalidOid */
 
+	bool		pgstat_enabled;	/* should relation stats be counted */
 	/* use "struct" here to avoid needing to include pgstat.h: */
 	struct PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info; /* statistics collection area */
 } RelationData;
diff --git a/src/include/utils/timeout.h b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
index 099f91c61da..c068986d09a 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/timeout.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/timeout.h
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ typedef enum TimeoutId
 	STANDBY_LOCK_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_IN_TRANSACTION_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
 	IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT,
+	IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
 	CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT,
 	STARTUP_PROGRESS_TIMEOUT,
 	/* First user-definable timeout reason */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
index d870c592632..b578e2ec757 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ typedef enum
 	WAIT_EVENT_CHECKPOINTER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_APPLY_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN,
-	WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM,
 	WAIT_EVENT_SYSLOGGER_MAIN,
 	WAIT_EVENT_WAL_RECEIVER_MAIN,
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
index 17a56152f17..150fb8e64fa 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c
@@ -1869,7 +1869,7 @@ AdvanceXLInsertBuffer(XLogRecPtr upto, TimeLineID tli, bool opportunistic)
 					WriteRqst.Flush = 0;
 					XLogWrite(WriteRqst, tli, false);
 					LWLockRelease(WALWriteLock);
-					WalStats.m_wal_buffers_full++;
+					PendingWalStats.wal_buffers_full++;
 					TRACE_POSTGRESQL_WAL_BUFFER_WRITE_DIRTY_DONE();
 				}
 				/* Re-acquire WALBufMappingLock and retry */
@@ -2227,10 +2227,10 @@ XLogWrite(XLogwrtRqst WriteRqst, TimeLineID tli, bool flexible)
 
 					INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 					INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-					WalStats.m_wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+					PendingWalStats.wal_write_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 				}
 
-				WalStats.m_wal_write++;
+				PendingWalStats.wal_write++;
 
 				if (written <= 0)
 				{
@@ -4904,6 +4904,7 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 	XLogCtlInsert *Insert;
 	CheckPoint	checkPoint;
 	bool		wasShutdown;
+	bool		didCrash;
 	bool		haveTblspcMap;
 	bool		haveBackupLabel;
 	XLogRecPtr	EndOfLog;
@@ -5021,7 +5022,10 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 	{
 		RemoveTempXlogFiles();
 		SyncDataDirectory();
+		didCrash = true;
 	}
+	else
+		didCrash = false;
 
 	/*
 	 * Prepare for WAL recovery if needed.
@@ -5133,6 +5137,22 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 	 */
 	restoreTwoPhaseData();
 
+	/*
+	 * When starting with crash recovery, reset pgstat data - it might not be
+	 * valid. Otherwise restore pgstat data. It's safe to do this here,
+	 * because postmaster will not yet have started any other processes.
+	 *
+	 * NB: Restoring replication slot stats relies on slot state to have
+	 * already been restored from disk.
+	 *
+	 * TODO: With a bit of extra work we could just start with a pgstat file
+	 * associated with the checkpoint redo location we're starting from.
+	 */
+	if (didCrash)
+		pgstat_discard_stats();
+	else
+		pgstat_restore_stats();
+
 	lastFullPageWrites = checkPoint.fullPageWrites;
 
 	RedoRecPtr = XLogCtl->RedoRecPtr = XLogCtl->Insert.RedoRecPtr = checkPoint.redo;
@@ -5207,11 +5227,6 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 			LocalMinRecoveryPointTLI = 0;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * Reset pgstat data, because it may be invalid after recovery.
-		 */
-		pgstat_reset_all();
-
 		/* Check that the GUCs used to generate the WAL allow recovery */
 		CheckRequiredParameterValues();
 
@@ -5302,7 +5317,9 @@ StartupXLOG(void)
 		performedWalRecovery = true;
 	}
 	else
+	{
 		performedWalRecovery = false;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Finish WAL recovery.
@@ -6104,8 +6121,8 @@ LogCheckpointEnd(bool restartpoint)
 												 CheckpointStats.ckpt_sync_end_t);
 
 	/* Accumulate checkpoint timing summary data, in milliseconds. */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_write_time += write_msecs;
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.checkpoint_sync_time += sync_msecs;
 
 	/*
 	 * All of the published timing statistics are accounted for.  Only
@@ -8032,10 +8049,10 @@ issue_xlog_fsync(int fd, XLogSegNo segno, TimeLineID tli)
 
 		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(duration);
 		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(duration, start);
-		WalStats.m_wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
+		PendingWalStats.wal_sync_time += INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(duration);
 	}
 
-	WalStats.m_wal_sync++;
+	PendingWalStats.wal_sync++;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
index f5c92c3860e..6ae0813cfbe 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
@@ -351,13 +351,6 @@ vacuum(List *relations, VacuumParams *params,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
 				 errmsg("PROCESS_TOAST required with VACUUM FULL")));
 
-	/*
-	 * Send info about dead objects to the cumulative stats system, unless
-	 * we are in autovacuum --- autovacuum.c does this for itself.
-	 */
-	if ((params->options & VACOPT_VACUUM) && !IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
-		pgstat_vacuum_stat();
-
 	/*
 	 * Create special memory context for cross-transaction storage.
 	 *
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
index 974a29e7a96..6b4f742578e 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuumparallel.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include "access/amapi.h"
 #include "access/table.h"
+#include "access/xact.h"
 #include "catalog/index.h"
 #include "commands/vacuum.h"
 #include "optimizer/paths.h"
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "storage/bufmgr.h"
 #include "tcop/tcopprot.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
+#include "utils/rel.h"
 
 /*
  * DSM keys for parallel vacuum.  Unlike other parallel execution code, since
diff --git a/src/backend/lib/dshash.c b/src/backend/lib/dshash.c
index 1b94a76e43e..e543b8e6f84 100644
--- a/src/backend/lib/dshash.c
+++ b/src/backend/lib/dshash.c
@@ -604,8 +604,8 @@ dshash_memhash(const void *v, size_t size, void *arg)
  * Sequentially scan through dshash table and return all the elements one by
  * one, return NULL when all elements have been returned.
  *
- * dshash_seq_term needs to be called when a scan finished.  The caller may
- * delete returned elements midst of a scan by using dshash_delete_current()
+ * dshash_seq_term needs to be called when a scan is finished.  The caller may
+ * delete returned elements middle of a scan by using dshash_delete_current()
  * if exclusive = true.
  */
 void
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
index c6d30fa5271..f36c40e852f 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
@@ -44,11 +44,12 @@
  * Note that there can be more than one worker in a database concurrently.
  * They will store the table they are currently vacuuming in shared memory, so
  * that other workers avoid being blocked waiting for the vacuum lock for that
- * table.  They will also reload the pgstats data just before vacuuming each
- * table, to avoid vacuuming a table that was just finished being vacuumed by
- * another worker and thus is no longer noted in shared memory.  However,
- * there is a window (caused by pgstat delay) on which a worker may choose a
- * table that was already vacuumed; this is a bug in the current design.
+ * table.  They will also fetch the last time the table was vacuumed from
+ * pgstats just before vacuuming each table, to avoid vacuuming a table that
+ * was just finished being vacuumed by another worker and thus is no longer
+ * noted in shared memory.  However, there is a small window (due to not yet
+ * holding the relation lock) during which a worker may choose a table that was
+ * already vacuumed; this is a bug in the current design.
  *
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
@@ -129,9 +130,6 @@ int			autovacuum_vac_cost_limit;
 
 int			Log_autovacuum_min_duration = 600000;
 
-/* how long to keep pgstat data in the launcher, in milliseconds */
-#define STATS_READ_DELAY 1000
-
 /* the minimum allowed time between two awakenings of the launcher */
 #define MIN_AUTOVAC_SLEEPTIME 100.0 /* milliseconds */
 #define MAX_AUTOVAC_SLEEPTIME 300	/* seconds */
@@ -342,15 +340,11 @@ static void autovacuum_do_vac_analyze(autovac_table *tab,
 									  BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy);
 static AutoVacOpts *extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup,
 										 TupleDesc pg_class_desc);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-													  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry);
 static void perform_work_item(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem);
 static void autovac_report_activity(autovac_table *tab);
 static void autovac_report_workitem(AutoVacuumWorkItem *workitem,
 									const char *nspname, const char *relname);
 static void avl_sigusr2_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS);
-static void autovac_refresh_stats(void);
 
 
 
@@ -555,12 +549,6 @@ AutoVacLauncherMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 		DatabaseListCxt = NULL;
 		dlist_init(&DatabaseList);
 
-		/*
-		 * Make sure pgstat also considers our stat data as gone.  Note: we
-		 * mustn't use autovac_refresh_stats here.
-		 */
-		pgstat_clear_snapshot();
-
 		/* Now we can allow interrupts again */
 		RESUME_INTERRUPTS();
 
@@ -611,6 +599,12 @@ AutoVacLauncherMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	SetConfigOption("default_transaction_isolation", "read committed",
 					PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
 
+	/*
+	 * Even when system is configured to use a different fetch consistency,
+	 * for autovac we always want fresh stats.
+	 */
+	SetConfigOption("stats_fetch_consistency", "none", PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
+
 	/*
 	 * In emergency mode, just start a worker (unless shutdown was requested)
 	 * and go away.
@@ -963,9 +957,6 @@ rebuild_database_list(Oid newdb)
 	HTAB	   *dbhash;
 	dlist_iter	iter;
 
-	/* use fresh stats */
-	autovac_refresh_stats();
-
 	newcxt = AllocSetContextCreate(AutovacMemCxt,
 								   "Autovacuum database list",
 								   ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
@@ -1184,9 +1175,6 @@ do_start_worker(void)
 								   ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 	oldcxt = MemoryContextSwitchTo(tmpcxt);
 
-	/* use fresh stats */
-	autovac_refresh_stats();
-
 	/* Get a list of databases */
 	dblist = get_database_list();
 
@@ -1642,6 +1630,12 @@ AutoVacWorkerMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 		SetConfigOption("synchronous_commit", "local",
 						PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
 
+	/*
+	 * Even when system is configured to use a different fetch consistency,
+	 * for autovac we always want fresh stats.
+	 */
+	SetConfigOption("stats_fetch_consistency", "none", PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
+
 	/*
 	 * Get the info about the database we're going to work on.
 	 */
@@ -1966,8 +1960,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	HASHCTL		ctl;
 	HTAB	   *table_toast_map;
 	ListCell   *volatile cell;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	BufferAccessStrategy bstrategy;
 	ScanKeyData key;
 	TupleDesc	pg_class_desc;
@@ -1986,22 +1978,9 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 										  ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/*
-	 * may be NULL if we couldn't find an entry (only happens if we are
-	 * forcing a vacuum for anti-wrap purposes).
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-
 	/* Start a transaction so our commands have one to play into. */
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/*
-	 * Clean up any dead statistics entries for this DB. We always want to do
-	 * this exactly once per DB-processing cycle, even if we find nothing
-	 * worth vacuuming in the database.
-	 */
-	pgstat_vacuum_stat();
-
 	/*
 	 * Compute the multixact age for which freezing is urgent.  This is
 	 * normally autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age, but may be less if we are
@@ -2039,9 +2018,6 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 	/* StartTransactionCommand changed elsewhere */
 	MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
-	/* The database hash where pgstat keeps shared relations */
-	shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-
 	classRel = table_open(RelationRelationId, AccessShareLock);
 
 	/* create a copy so we can use it after closing pg_class */
@@ -2119,8 +2095,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 
 		/* Fetch reloptions and the pgstat entry for this table */
 		relopts = extract_autovac_opts(tuple, pg_class_desc);
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(classForm->relisshared,
+												  relid);
 
 		/* Check if it needs vacuum or analyze */
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
@@ -2203,8 +2179,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 		}
 
 		/* Fetch the pgstat entry for this table */
-		tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-											 shared, dbentry);
+		tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(classForm->relisshared,
+												  relid);
 
 		relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
 								  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -2418,12 +2394,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
 		/*
 		 * Check whether pgstat data still says we need to vacuum this table.
 		 * It could have changed if something else processed the table while
-		 * we weren't looking.
-		 *
-		 * Note: we have a special case in pgstat code to ensure that the
-		 * stats we read are as up-to-date as possible, to avoid the problem
-		 * that somebody just finished vacuuming this table.  The window to
-		 * the race condition is not closed but it is very small.
+		 * we weren't looking. This doesn't entirely close the race condition,
+		 * but it is very small.
 		 */
 		MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 		tab = table_recheck_autovac(relid, table_toast_map, pg_class_desc,
@@ -2768,29 +2740,6 @@ extract_autovac_opts(HeapTuple tup, TupleDesc pg_class_desc)
 	return av;
 }
 
-/*
- * get_pgstat_tabentry_relid
- *
- * Fetch the pgstat entry of a table, either local to a database or shared.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared, PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
-						  PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry = NULL;
-
-	if (isshared)
-	{
-		if (PointerIsValid(shared))
-			tabentry = hash_search(shared->tables, &relid,
-								   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	}
-	else if (PointerIsValid(dbentry))
-		tabentry = hash_search(dbentry->tables, &relid,
-							   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-
-	return tabentry;
-}
 
 /*
  * table_recheck_autovac
@@ -2812,7 +2761,6 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
 	autovac_table *tab = NULL;
 	bool		wraparound;
 	AutoVacOpts *avopts;
-	static bool reuse_stats = false;
 
 	/* fetch the relation's relcache entry */
 	classTup = SearchSysCacheCopy1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(relid));
@@ -2836,35 +2784,6 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
 			avopts = &hentry->ar_reloptions;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Reuse the stats to recheck whether a relation needs to be vacuumed or
-	 * analyzed if it was reloaded before and has not been cleared yet. This
-	 * is necessary to avoid frequent refresh of stats, especially when there
-	 * are very large number of relations and the refresh can cause lots of
-	 * overhead.
-	 *
-	 * If we determined that a relation needs to be vacuumed or analyzed,
-	 * based on the old stats, we refresh stats and recheck the necessity
-	 * again. Because a relation may have already been vacuumed or analyzed by
-	 * someone since the last reload of stats.
-	 */
-	if (reuse_stats)
-	{
-		recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm,
-										  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
-										  &dovacuum, &doanalyze, &wraparound);
-
-		/* Quick exit if a relation doesn't need to be vacuumed or analyzed */
-		if (!doanalyze && !dovacuum)
-		{
-			heap_freetuple(classTup);
-			return NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Use fresh stats and recheck again */
-	autovac_refresh_stats();
-
 	recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm,
 									  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
 									  &dovacuum, &doanalyze, &wraparound);
@@ -2962,21 +2881,6 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
 		tab->at_dobalance =
 			!(avopts && (avopts->vacuum_cost_limit > 0 ||
 						 avopts->vacuum_cost_delay > 0));
-
-		/*
-		 * When we decide to do vacuum or analyze, the existing stats cannot
-		 * be reused in the next cycle because it's cleared at the end of
-		 * vacuum or analyze (by AtEOXact_PgStat()).
-		 */
-		reuse_stats = false;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/*
-		 * If neither vacuum nor analyze is necessary, the existing stats is
-		 * not cleared and can be reused in the next cycle.
-		 */
-		reuse_stats = true;
 	}
 
 	heap_freetuple(classTup);
@@ -3001,17 +2905,10 @@ recheck_relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
 								  bool *wraparound)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared = NULL;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry = NULL;
-
-	if (classForm->relisshared)
-		shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-	else
-		dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
 
 	/* fetch the pgstat table entry */
-	tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
-										 shared, dbentry);
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(classForm->relisshared,
+											  relid);
 
 	relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm, tabentry,
 							  effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
@@ -3169,11 +3066,11 @@ relation_needs_vacanalyze(Oid relid,
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If we found the table in the stats hash, and autovacuum is currently
-	 * enabled, make a threshold-based decision whether to vacuum and/or
-	 * analyze.  If autovacuum is currently disabled, we must be here for
-	 * anti-wraparound vacuuming only, so don't vacuum (or analyze) anything
-	 * that's not being forced.
+	 * If we found stats for the table, and autovacuum is currently enabled,
+	 * make a threshold-based decision whether to vacuum and/or analyze.  If
+	 * autovacuum is currently disabled, we must be here for anti-wraparound
+	 * vacuuming only, so don't vacuum (or analyze) anything that's not being
+	 * forced.
 	 */
 	if (PointerIsValid(tabentry) && AutoVacuumingActive())
 	{
@@ -3472,35 +3369,3 @@ AutoVacuumShmemInit(void)
 	else
 		Assert(found);
 }
-
-/*
- * autovac_refresh_stats
- *		Refresh pgstats data for an autovacuum process
- *
- * Cause the next pgstats read operation to obtain fresh data, but throttle
- * such refreshing in the autovacuum launcher.  This is mostly to avoid
- * rereading the pgstats files too many times in quick succession when there
- * are many databases.
- *
- * Note: we avoid throttling in the autovac worker, as it would be
- * counterproductive in the recheck logic.
- */
-static void
-autovac_refresh_stats(void)
-{
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-	{
-		static TimestampTz last_read = 0;
-		TimestampTz current_time;
-
-		current_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(last_read, current_time,
-										STATS_READ_DELAY))
-			return;
-
-		last_read = current_time;
-	}
-
-	pgstat_clear_snapshot();
-}
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
index e733c70368a..3cfac82ac09 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/checkpointer.c
@@ -212,6 +212,16 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 	 */
 	last_checkpoint_time = last_xlog_switch_time = (pg_time_t) time(NULL);
 
+	/*
+	 * Write out stats after shutdown. This needs to be called by exactly one
+	 * process during a normal shutdown, and since checkpointer is shut down
+	 * very late...
+	 *
+	 * XXX: Are there potential issues with walsenders reporting stats at a
+	 * later time?
+	 */
+	before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
+
 	/*
 	 * Create a memory context that we will do all our work in.  We do this so
 	 * that we can reset the context during error recovery and thereby avoid
@@ -358,7 +368,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (((volatile CheckpointerShmemStruct *) CheckpointerShmem)->ckpt_flags)
 		{
 			do_checkpoint = true;
-			PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+			PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -372,7 +382,7 @@ CheckpointerMain(void)
 		if (elapsed_secs >= CheckPointTimeout)
 		{
 			if (!do_checkpoint)
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_timed_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.timed_checkpoints++;
 			do_checkpoint = true;
 			flags |= CHECKPOINT_CAUSE_TIME;
 		}
@@ -569,7 +579,7 @@ HandleCheckpointerInterrupts(void)
 		 * updates the statistics, increment the checkpoint request and flush
 		 * out pending statistic.
 		 */
-		PendingCheckpointerStats.m_requested_checkpoints++;
+		PendingCheckpointerStats.requested_checkpoints++;
 		ShutdownXLOG(0, 0);
 		pgstat_report_checkpointer();
 		pgstat_report_wal(true);
@@ -1262,9 +1272,9 @@ AbsorbSyncRequests(void)
 	LWLockAcquire(CheckpointerCommLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
 
 	/* Transfer stats counts into pending pgstats message */
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes;
-	PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_fsync_backend
+	PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_fsync_backend
 		+= CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_fsync;
 
 	CheckpointerShmem->num_backend_writes = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c b/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c
index 3f412dad2e6..1aed2e2e99e 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/interrupt.c
@@ -98,9 +98,8 @@ SignalHandlerForCrashExit(SIGNAL_ARGS)
  * shut down and exit.
  *
  * Typically, this handler would be used for SIGTERM, but some processes use
- * other signals. In particular, the checkpointer exits on SIGUSR2, the
- * stats collector on SIGQUIT, and the WAL writer exits on either SIGINT
- * or SIGTERM.
+ * other signals. In particular, the checkpointer exits on SIGUSR2, and the
+ * WAL writer exits on either SIGINT or SIGTERM.
  *
  * ShutdownRequestPending should be checked at a convenient place within the
  * main loop, or else the main loop should call HandleMainLoopInterrupts.
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
index f44c6e4038e..bb02d7f365d 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
@@ -1,74 +1,106 @@
 /* ----------
  * pgstat.c
+ *	  Infrastructure for the cumulative statistics system.
  *
- *	All the statistics collector stuff hacked up in one big, ugly file.
  *
- *	TODO:	- Separate collector, postmaster and backend stuff
- *			  into different files.
+ * PgStat_KindInfo describes the different types of statistics handled. Some
+ * kinds of statistics are collected for fixed number of objects
+ * (e.g. checkpointer statistics). Other kinds are statistics are collected
+ * for variable-numbered objects (e.g. relations).
  *
- *			- Add some automatic call for pgstat vacuuming.
+ * Fixed-numbered stats are stored in plain (non-dynamic) shared memory.
  *
- *			- Add a pgstat config column to pg_database, so this
- *			  entire thing can be enabled/disabled on a per db basis.
+ * Statistics for variable-numbered objects are stored in dynamic shared
+ * memory and can be found via a dshash hashtable. The statistics counters are
+ * not part of the dshash entry (PgStatShared_HashEntry) directly, but are
+ * separately allocated (PgStatShared_HashEntry->body). The separate
+ * allocation allows different kinds of statistics to be stored in the same
+ * hashtable without wasting space in PgStatShared_HashEntry.
  *
- *	Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * All variable-numbered stats are addressed by PgStat_HashKey while running.
+ * It is not possible to have statistics for an object that cannot be
+ * addressed that way at runtime. A wider identifier can be used when
+ * serializing to disk (used for replication slot stats).
  *
- *	src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+ * Each stats entry in shared memory is protected by a dedicated lwlock.
+ *
+ * To avoid contention on the shared hashtable, each backend has a
+ * backend-local hashtable (pgStatEntryRefHash) in front of the shared
+ * hashtable, containing references (PgStat_EntryRef) to shared hashtable
+ * entries. The shared hashtable only needs to be accessed when no prior
+ * reference to the shared hashtable exists. Besides pointing to the the
+ * shared hashtable entry (PgStatShared_HashEntry) PgStat_EntryRef also
+ * contains a pointer to the the shared statistics data, as a process-local
+ * address, to reduce access costs.
+ *
+ * The names for structs stored in shared memory are prefixed with
+ * PgStatShared instead of PgStat.
+ *
+ * Most stats updates are first accumulated locally in each process as pending
+ * entries, then later flushed to shared memory (just after commit, or by
+ * idle-timeout). This practically eliminates contention on individual stats
+ * entries. For most kinds of variable-numbered stats pending data is stored
+ * in PgStat_EntryRef->pending.
+ *
+ * Pending statistics updates are flushed out by pgstat_report_stat(). Unless
+ * called with 'force', flushes happen once per PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL
+ * (1000ms). When not forced, stats flushes do not block on lock acquisition.
+ * If pending entries remain unflushed, an initial retry is done after
+ * PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL (1000ms) and then doubled at every retry. Finally
+ * we perform a blocking stats update after PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL (60000ms).
+ *
+ * The behavior of different kinds of statistics is determined by the kind's
+ * entry in pgstat_kind_infos, see PgStat_KindInfo for details.
+ *
+ *
+ * To keep things manageable stats handling is split across several
+ * files. Infrastructure pieces are in:
+ * - pgstat.c - this file, to tie it all together
+ * - pgstat_shmem.c - nearly everything dealing with shared memory, including
+ *   the maintenance of hashtable entries
+ * - pgstat_xact.c - transactional integration, including the transactional
+ *   creation / dropping of stats entries
+ *
+ * Each statistics kind is handled in a dedicated file:
+ * - pgstat_archiver.c
+ * - pgstat_bgwriter.c
+ * - pgstat_checkpointer.c
+ * - pgstat_database.c
+ * - pgstat_function.c
+ * - pgstat_relation.c
+ * - pgstat_slru.c
+ * - pgstat_subscription.c
+ * - pgstat_wal.c
+ *
+ * Whenever possible infrastructure files should not contain code related to
+ * specific kinds of stats.
+ *
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *	  src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
  * ----------
  */
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <netdb.h>
-#include <netinet/in.h>
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
-#include <sys/select.h>
-#endif
 
-#include "access/heapam.h"
-#include "access/htup_details.h"
-#include "access/tableam.h"
 #include "access/transam.h"
 #include "access/xact.h"
-#include "catalog/catalog.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_database.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_subscription.h"
-#include "common/ip.h"
-#include "libpq/libpq.h"
-#include "libpq/pqsignal.h"
-#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
+#include "common/hashfn.h"
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
-#include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
-#include "postmaster/fork_process.h"
-#include "postmaster/interrupt.h"
-#include "postmaster/postmaster.h"
-#include "replication/slot.h"
-#include "replication/walsender.h"
-#include "storage/backendid.h"
-#include "storage/dsm.h"
+#include "port/atomics.h"
 #include "storage/fd.h"
 #include "storage/ipc.h"
-#include "storage/latch.h"
-#include "storage/lmgr.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
 #include "storage/pg_shmem.h"
-#include "storage/proc.h"
-#include "storage/procsignal.h"
-#include "utils/builtins.h"
+#include "storage/shmem.h"
 #include "utils/guc.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
-#include "utils/ps_status.h"
-#include "utils/rel.h"
-#include "utils/snapmgr.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
@@ -77,24 +109,50 @@
  * ----------
  */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY		10	/* How long to wait between checks for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL			1000	/* Minimum interval of stats data
+											 * updates; in milliseconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME	10000	/* Maximum time to wait for a stats
-										 * file update; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL	1000	/* Initial retry interval after
+											 * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL */
 
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL		640 /* How often to ping the collector for a
-									 * new file; in milliseconds. */
+#define PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL			60000	/* Longest interval of stats data
+											 * updates */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL 60	/* How often to attempt to restart a
-									 * failed statistics collector; in
-									 * seconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT	(PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
+/* ----------
+ * Initial size hints for the hash tables used in statistics.
+ * ----------
+ */
 
-/* Minimum receive buffer size for the collector's socket. */
-#define PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF		(100 * 1024)
+#define PGSTAT_SNAPSHOT_HASH_SIZE	512
+
+
+/* hash table for statistics snapshots entry */
+typedef struct PgStat_SnapshotEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	void	   *data;			/* the stats data itself */
+} PgStat_SnapshotEntry;
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Backend-local Hash Table Definitions
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+/* for stats snapshot entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_snapshot
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStat_SnapshotEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStat_HashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	hash_bytes((unsigned char *)&key, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey))
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey)) == 0)
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -102,63 +160,19 @@
  * ----------
  */
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-static pid_t pgstat_forkexec(void);
-#endif
+static void pgstat_write_statsfile(void);
+static void pgstat_read_statsfile(void);
 
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
+static void pgstat_reset_after_failure(TimestampTz ts);
 
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry,
-												 Oid tableoid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatSubEntry *pgstat_get_subscription_entry(Oid subid, bool create);
-static void pgstat_reset_subscription(PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry, TimestampTz ts);
-static void pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs);
-static void pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent);
-static HTAB *pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep);
-static void pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-									 bool permanent);
-static void backend_read_statsfile(void);
+static bool pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait);
 
-static bool pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void);
-static bool pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid);
+static void pgstat_prep_snapshot(void);
+static void pgstat_build_snapshot(void);
+static void pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind);
 
-static PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *pgstat_get_replslot_entry(NameData name, bool create_it);
-static void pgstat_reset_replslot(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotstats, TimestampTz ts);
-
-static HTAB *pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid);
-
-static void pgstat_setup_memcxt(void);
-
-static void pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_connect(PgStat_MsgConnect *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_disconnect(PgStat_MsgDisconnect *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop *msg, int len);
-static void pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int len);
+static inline bool pgstat_kind_valid(int ikind);
+static inline void *shared_stat_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry);
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -167,6 +181,7 @@ static void pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int
  */
 
 bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
+int			pgstat_fetch_consistency = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
 
 /* ----------
@@ -175,53 +190,37 @@ bool		pgstat_track_counts = false;
  */
 
 char	   *pgstat_stat_directory = NULL;
+
+/* No longer used, but will be removed with GUC */
 char	   *pgstat_stat_filename = NULL;
 char	   *pgstat_stat_tmpname = NULL;
 
 
-/* ----------
- * state shared with pgstat_*.c
- * ----------
- */
-
-pgsocket	pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-
 
 /* ----------
  * Local data
+ *
+ * NB: There should be only variables related to stats infrastructure here,
+ * not for specific kinds of stats.
  * ----------
  */
 
-static struct sockaddr_storage pgStatAddr;
+/*
+ * Memory contexts containing the pgStatEntryRefHash table, the
+ * pgStatSharedRef entries, and pending data respectively. Mostly to make it
+ * easier to track / attribute memory usage.
+ */
 
-static time_t last_pgstat_start_time;
-
-static bool pgStatRunningInCollector = false;
+static MemoryContext pgStatPendingContext = NULL;
 
 /*
- * Info about current "snapshot" of stats file
+ * List of PgStat_EntryRefs with unflushed pending stats.
+ *
+ * Newly pending entries should only ever be added to the end of the list,
+ * otherwise pgstat_flush_pending_entries() might not see them immediately.
  */
-static MemoryContext pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-static HTAB *pgStatDBHash = NULL;
+static dlist_head pgStatPending = DLIST_STATIC_INIT(pgStatPending);
 
-/*
- * Cluster wide statistics, kept in the stats collector.
- * Contains statistics that are not collected per database
- * or per table.
- */
-static PgStat_ArchiverStats archiverStats;
-static PgStat_GlobalStats globalStats;
-static PgStat_WalStats walStats;
-static PgStat_SLRUStats slruStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-static HTAB *replSlotStatHash = NULL;
-static HTAB *subscriptionStatHash = NULL;
-
-/*
- * List of OIDs of databases we need to write out.  If an entry is InvalidOid,
- * it means to write only the shared-catalog stats ("DB 0"); otherwise, we
- * will write both that DB's data and the shared stats.
- */
-static List *pending_write_requests = NIL;
 
 /*
  * For assertions that check pgstat is not used before initialization / after
@@ -233,455 +232,237 @@ static bool pgstat_is_shutdown = false;
 #endif
 
 
+PgStat_LocalState pgStatLocal;
+
+
+/*
+ * The different kinds of statistics.
+ *
+ * If reasonably possible, handling specific to one kind of stats should go
+ * through this abstraction, rather than making more of pgstat.c aware.
+ *
+ * See comments for struct PgStat_KindInfo for details about the individual
+ * fields.
+ *
+ * XXX: It'd be nicer to define this outside of this file. But there doesn't
+ * seem to be a great way of doing that, given the split across multiple
+ * files.
+ */
+static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_infos[PGSTAT_NUM_KINDS] = {
+
+	/* stats kinds for variable-numbered objects */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE] = {
+		.name = "database",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Database),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Database, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Database *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_database_flush_cb,
+		.reset_timestamp_cb = pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION] = {
+		.name = "relation",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Relation),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Relation, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Relation *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_relation_flush_cb,
+		.delete_pending_cb = pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION] = {
+		.name = "function",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Function),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Function, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Function *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_function_flush_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT] = {
+		.name = "replslot",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+		.named_on_disk = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_ReplSlot),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_ReplSlot, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) 0)->stats),
+
+		.reset_timestamp_cb = pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb,
+		.to_serialized_name = pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb,
+		.from_serialized_name = pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION] = {
+		.name = "subscription",
+
+		.fixed_amount = false,
+		/* so pg_stat_subscription_stats entries can be seen in all databases */
+		.accessed_across_databases = true,
+
+		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Subscription),
+		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Subscription, stats),
+		.shared_data_len = sizeof(((PgStatShared_Subscription *) 0)->stats),
+		.pending_size = sizeof(PgStat_BackendSubEntry),
+
+		.flush_pending_cb = pgstat_subscription_flush_cb,
+		.reset_timestamp_cb = pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb,
+	},
+
+
+	/* stats for constant-numbered (mostly 1) objects */
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER] = {
+		.name = "archiver",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER] = {
+		.name = "bgwriter",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER] = {
+		.name = "checkpointer",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU] = {
+		.name = "slru",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+
+	[PGSTAT_KIND_WAL] = {
+		.name = "wal",
+
+		.fixed_amount = true,
+
+		.reset_all_cb = pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb,
+		.snapshot_cb = pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb,
+	},
+};
+
+
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * Public functions called from postmaster follow
+ * Functions manging the state of the stats system for all backends.
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
 /*
- * Called from postmaster at startup. Create the resources required
- * by the statistics collector process.  If unable to do so, do not
- * fail --- better to let the postmaster start with stats collection
- * disabled.
+ * Read on-disk stats into memory at server start.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
  */
 void
-pgstat_init(void)
+pgstat_restore_stats(void)
+{
+	pgstat_read_statsfile();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove the stats file.  This is currently used only if WAL recovery is
+ * needed after a crash.
+ *
+ * Should only be called by the startup process or in single user mode.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_discard_stats(void)
 {
-	socklen_t	alen;
-	struct addrinfo *addrs = NULL,
-			   *addr,
-				hints;
 	int			ret;
-	fd_set		rset;
-	struct timeval tv;
-	char		test_byte;
-	int			sel_res;
-	int			tries = 0;
 
-#define TESTBYTEVAL ((char) 199)
+	/* NB: this needs to be done even in single user mode */
 
-	/*
-	 * This static assertion verifies that we didn't mess up the calculations
-	 * involved in selecting maximum payload sizes for our UDP messages.
-	 * Because the only consequence of overrunning PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE would
-	 * be silent performance loss from fragmentation, it seems worth having a
-	 * compile-time cross-check that we didn't.
-	 */
-	StaticAssertStmt(sizeof(PgStat_Msg) <= PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE,
-					 "maximum stats message size exceeds PGSTAT_MAX_MSG_SIZE");
-
-	/*
-	 * Create the UDP socket for sending and receiving statistic messages
-	 */
-	hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
-	hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
-	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
-	hints.ai_protocol = 0;
-	hints.ai_addrlen = 0;
-	hints.ai_addr = NULL;
-	hints.ai_canonname = NULL;
-	hints.ai_next = NULL;
-	ret = pg_getaddrinfo_all("localhost", NULL, &hints, &addrs);
-	if (ret || !addrs)
+	ret = unlink(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
+	if (ret != 0)
 	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("could not resolve \"localhost\": %s",
-						gai_strerror(ret))));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * On some platforms, pg_getaddrinfo_all() may return multiple addresses
-	 * only one of which will actually work (eg, both IPv6 and IPv4 addresses
-	 * when kernel will reject IPv6).  Worse, the failure may occur at the
-	 * bind() or perhaps even connect() stage.  So we must loop through the
-	 * results till we find a working combination. We will generate LOG
-	 * messages, but no error, for bogus combinations.
-	 */
-	for (addr = addrs; addr; addr = addr->ai_next)
-	{
-#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
-		/* Ignore AF_UNIX sockets, if any are returned. */
-		if (addr->ai_family == AF_UNIX)
-			continue;
-#endif
-
-		if (++tries > 1)
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("trying another address for the statistics collector")));
-
-		/*
-		 * Create the socket.
-		 */
-		if ((pgStatSock = socket(addr->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not create socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Bind it to a kernel assigned port on localhost and get the assigned
-		 * port via getsockname().
-		 */
-		if (bind(pgStatSock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not bind socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		alen = sizeof(pgStatAddr);
-		if (getsockname(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, &alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not get address of socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Connect the socket to its own address.  This saves a few cycles by
-		 * not having to respecify the target address on every send. This also
-		 * provides a kernel-level check that only packets from this same
-		 * address will be received.
-		 */
-		if (connect(pgStatSock, (struct sockaddr *) &pgStatAddr, alen) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not connect socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Try to send and receive a one-byte test message on the socket. This
-		 * is to catch situations where the socket can be created but will not
-		 * actually pass data (for instance, because kernel packet filtering
-		 * rules prevent it).
-		 */
-		test_byte = TESTBYTEVAL;
-
-retry1:
-		if (send(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry1;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not send test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * There could possibly be a little delay before the message can be
-		 * received.  We arbitrarily allow up to half a second before deciding
-		 * it's broken.
-		 */
-		for (;;)				/* need a loop to handle EINTR */
-		{
-			FD_ZERO(&rset);
-			FD_SET(pgStatSock, &rset);
-
-			tv.tv_sec = 0;
-			tv.tv_usec = 500000;
-			sel_res = select(pgStatSock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &tv);
-			if (sel_res >= 0 || errno != EINTR)
-				break;
-		}
-		if (sel_res < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("select() failed in statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (sel_res == 0 || !FD_ISSET(pgStatSock, &rset))
-		{
-			/*
-			 * This is the case we actually think is likely, so take pains to
-			 * give a specific message for it.
-			 *
-			 * errno will not be set meaningfully here, so don't use it.
-			 */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONNECTION_FAILURE),
-					 errmsg("test message did not get through on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		test_byte++;			/* just make sure variable is changed */
-
-retry2:
-		if (recv(pgStatSock, &test_byte, 1, 0) != 1)
-		{
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				goto retry2;	/* if interrupted, just retry */
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not receive test message on socket for statistics collector: %m")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (test_byte != TESTBYTEVAL)	/* strictly paranoia ... */
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_INTERNAL_ERROR),
-					 errmsg("incorrect test message transmission on socket for statistics collector")));
-			closesocket(pgStatSock);
-			pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* If we get here, we have a working socket */
-		break;
-	}
-
-	/* Did we find a working address? */
-	if (!addr || pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		goto startup_failed;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the socket to non-blocking IO.  This ensures that if the collector
-	 * falls behind, statistics messages will be discarded; backends won't
-	 * block waiting to send messages to the collector.
-	 */
-	if (!pg_set_noblock(pgStatSock))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not set statistics collector socket to nonblocking mode: %m")));
-		goto startup_failed;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to ensure that the socket's receive buffer is at least
-	 * PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF bytes, so that it won't easily overflow and lose
-	 * data.  Use of UDP protocol means that we are willing to lose data under
-	 * heavy load, but we don't want it to happen just because of ridiculously
-	 * small default buffer sizes (such as 8KB on older Windows versions).
-	 */
-	{
-		int			old_rcvbuf;
-		int			new_rcvbuf;
-		socklen_t	rcvbufsize = sizeof(old_rcvbuf);
-
-		if (getsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-					   (char *) &old_rcvbuf, &rcvbufsize) < 0)
-		{
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("%s(%s) failed: %m", "getsockopt", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-			/* if we can't get existing size, always try to set it */
-			old_rcvbuf = 0;
-		}
-
-		new_rcvbuf = PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF;
-		if (old_rcvbuf < new_rcvbuf)
-		{
-			if (setsockopt(pgStatSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
-						   (char *) &new_rcvbuf, sizeof(new_rcvbuf)) < 0)
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("%s(%s) failed: %m", "setsockopt", "SO_RCVBUF")));
-		}
-	}
-
-	pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	/* Now that we have a long-lived socket, tell fd.c about it. */
-	ReserveExternalFD();
-
-	return;
-
-startup_failed:
-	ereport(LOG,
-			(errmsg("disabling statistics collector for lack of working socket")));
-
-	if (addrs)
-		pg_freeaddrinfo_all(hints.ai_family, addrs);
-
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		closesocket(pgStatSock);
-	pgStatSock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
-
-	/*
-	 * Adjust GUC variables to suppress useless activity, and for debugging
-	 * purposes (seeing track_counts off is a clue that we failed here). We
-	 * use PGC_S_OVERRIDE because there is no point in trying to turn it back
-	 * on from postgresql.conf without a restart.
-	 */
-	SetConfigOption("track_counts", "off", PGC_INTERNAL, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
-}
-
-/*
- * subroutine for pgstat_reset_all
- */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_remove_files(const char *directory)
-{
-	DIR		   *dir;
-	struct dirent *entry;
-	char		fname[MAXPGPATH * 2];
-
-	dir = AllocateDir(directory);
-	while ((entry = ReadDir(dir, directory)) != NULL)
-	{
-		int			nchars;
-		Oid			tmp_oid;
-
-		/*
-		 * Skip directory entries that don't match the file names we write.
-		 * See get_dbstat_filename for the database-specific pattern.
-		 */
-		if (strncmp(entry->d_name, "global.", 7) == 0)
-			nchars = 7;
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			elog(DEBUG2,
+				 "didn't need to unlink permanent stats file \"%s\" - didn't exist",
+				 PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME);
 		else
-		{
-			nchars = 0;
-			(void) sscanf(entry->d_name, "db_%u.%n",
-						  &tmp_oid, &nchars);
-			if (nchars <= 0)
-				continue;
-			/* %u allows leading whitespace, so reject that */
-			if (strchr("0123456789", entry->d_name[3]) == NULL)
-				continue;
-		}
-
-		if (strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "tmp") != 0 &&
-			strcmp(entry->d_name + nchars, "stat") != 0)
-			continue;
-
-		snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "%s/%s", directory,
-				 entry->d_name);
-		unlink(fname);
-	}
-	FreeDir(dir);
-}
-
-/*
- * Remove the stats files.  This is currently used only if WAL
- * recovery is needed after a crash.
- */
-void
-pgstat_reset_all(void)
-{
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(pgstat_stat_directory);
-	pgstat_reset_remove_files(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY);
-}
-
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-
-/*
- * Format up the arglist for, then fork and exec, statistics collector process
- */
-static pid_t
-pgstat_forkexec(void)
-{
-	char	   *av[10];
-	int			ac = 0;
-
-	av[ac++] = "postgres";
-	av[ac++] = "--forkcol";
-	av[ac++] = NULL;			/* filled in by postmaster_forkexec */
-
-	av[ac] = NULL;
-	Assert(ac < lengthof(av));
-
-	return postmaster_forkexec(ac, av);
-}
-#endif							/* EXEC_BACKEND */
-
-
-/*
- * Called from postmaster at startup or after an existing collector
- * died.  Attempt to fire up a fresh statistics collector.
- *
- * Returns PID of child process, or 0 if fail.
- *
- * Note: if fail, we will be called again from the postmaster main loop.
- */
-int
-pgstat_start(void)
-{
-	time_t		curtime;
-	pid_t		pgStatPid;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check that the socket is there, else pgstat_init failed and we can do
-	 * nothing useful.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do nothing if too soon since last collector start.  This is a safety
-	 * valve to protect against continuous respawn attempts if the collector
-	 * is dying immediately at launch.  Note that since we will be re-called
-	 * from the postmaster main loop, we will get another chance later.
-	 */
-	curtime = time(NULL);
-	if ((unsigned int) (curtime - last_pgstat_start_time) <
-		(unsigned int) PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL)
-		return 0;
-	last_pgstat_start_time = curtime;
-
-	/*
-	 * Okay, fork off the collector.
-	 */
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-	switch ((pgStatPid = pgstat_forkexec()))
-#else
-	switch ((pgStatPid = fork_process()))
-#endif
-	{
-		case -1:
 			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("could not fork statistics collector: %m")));
-			return 0;
-
-#ifndef EXEC_BACKEND
-		case 0:
-			/* in postmaster child ... */
-			InitPostmasterChild();
-
-			/* Close the postmaster's sockets */
-			ClosePostmasterPorts(false);
-
-			/* Drop our connection to postmaster's shared memory, as well */
-			dsm_detach_all();
-			PGSharedMemoryDetach();
-
-			PgstatCollectorMain(0, NULL);
-			break;
-#endif
-
-		default:
-			return (int) pgStatPid;
+					(errcode_for_file_access(),
+					 errmsg("could not unlink permanent statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+							PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		ereport(DEBUG2,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("unlinked permanent statistics file \"%s\"",
+						PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME)));
 	}
-
-	/* shouldn't get here */
-	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * pgstat_before_server_shutdown() needs to be called by exactly one process
+ * during regular server shutdowns. Otherwise all stats will be lost.
+ *
+ * We currently only write out stats for proc_exit(0). We might want to change
+ * that at some point... But right now pgstat_discard_stats() would be called
+ * during the start after a disorderly shutdown, anyway.
+ */
 void
-allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void)
+pgstat_before_server_shutdown(int code, Datum arg)
 {
-	last_pgstat_start_time = 0;
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shmem != NULL);
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats should only be reported after pgstat_initialize() and before
+	 * pgstat_shutdown(). This is a convenient point to catch most violations
+	 * of this rule.
+	 */
+	Assert(pgstat_is_initialized && !pgstat_is_shutdown);
+
+	/* flush out our own pending changes before writing out */
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Only write out file during normal shutdown. Don't even signal that
+	 * we've shutdown during irregular shutdowns, because the shutdown
+	 * sequence isn't coordinated to ensure this backend shuts down last.
+	 */
+	if (code == 0)
+	{
+		pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown = true;
+		pgstat_write_statsfile();
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -701,6 +482,7 @@ static void
 pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 {
 	Assert(!pgstat_is_shutdown);
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
 
 	/*
 	 * If we got as far as discovering our own database ID, we can flush out
@@ -709,7 +491,15 @@ pgstat_shutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg)
 	 * failed backend starts might never get counted.)
 	 */
 	if (OidIsValid(MyDatabaseId))
-		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+		pgstat_report_disconnect(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
+
+	/* there shouldn't be any pending changes left */
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending));
+	dlist_init(&pgStatPending);
+
+	pgstat_detach_shmem();
 
 #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
 	pgstat_is_shutdown = true;
@@ -727,6 +517,8 @@ pgstat_initialize(void)
 {
 	Assert(!pgstat_is_initialized);
 
+	pgstat_attach_shmem();
+
 	pgstat_wal_initialize();
 
 	/* Set up a process-exit hook to clean up */
@@ -745,323 +537,138 @@ pgstat_initialize(void)
 
 /*
  * Must be called by processes that performs DML: tcop/postgres.c, logical
- * receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to send the so far collected
- * per-table and function usage statistics to the collector.  Note that this
- * is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair to use
- * transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
+ * receiver processes, SPI worker, etc. to apply the so far collected
+ * per-table and function usage statistics to the shared statistics hashes.
  *
- * "disconnect" is "true" only for the last call before the backend
- * exits.  This makes sure that no data is lost and that interrupted
- * sessions are reported correctly.
+ * Updates are applied not more frequent than the interval of
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL milliseconds. They are also postponed on lock
+ * failure if force is false and there's no pending updates longer than
+ * PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL milliseconds. Postponed updates are retried in
+ * succeeding calls of this function.
+ *
+ * Returns the time until the next timing when updates are applied in
+ * milliseconds if there are no updates held for more than
+ * PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL milliseconds.
+ *
+ * Note that this is called only when not within a transaction, so it is fair
+ * to use transaction stop time as an approximation of current time.
  */
-void
-pgstat_report_stat(bool disconnect)
+long
+pgstat_report_stat(bool force)
 {
-	static TimestampTz last_report = 0;
-
+	static TimestampTz next_flush = 0;
+	static TimestampTz pending_since = 0;
+	static long retry_interval = 0;
+	bool		partial_flush;
 	TimestampTz now;
+	bool		nowait;
 
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
-	/*
-	 * Don't expend a clock check if nothing to do.
-	 */
-	if (!have_relation_stats &&
-		pgStatXactCommit == 0 && pgStatXactRollback == 0 &&
-		!pgstat_wal_pending() &&
-		!have_function_stats && !disconnect)
-		return;
+	/* Don't expend a clock check if nothing to do */
+	if (dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending) &&
+		!have_slrustats &&
+		!pgstat_wal_pending())
+	{
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-	 * msec since we last sent one, or the backend is about to exit.
+	 * There should never be stats to report once stats are shut down. Can't
+	 * assert that before the checks above, as there is an unconditional
+	 * pgstat_report_stat() call in pgstat_shutdown_hook() - which at least
+	 * the process that ran pgstat_before_server_shutdown() will still call.
 	 */
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+
 	now = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
-	if (!disconnect &&
-		!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(last_report, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-		return;
 
-	last_report = now;
+	if (!force)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Don't flush stats too frequently.  Return the time to the next
+		 * flush.
+		 */
+		if (now < next_flush)
+		{
+			/* Record the epoch time if retrying. */
+			if (pending_since == 0)
+				pending_since = now;
 
-	if (disconnect)
-		pgstat_report_disconnect(MyDatabaseId);
+			return (next_flush - now) / 1000;
+		}
 
-	/* First, send relation statistics */
-	pgstat_send_tabstats(now, disconnect);
+		/* But, don't keep pending updates longer than PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL. */
 
-	/* Now, send function statistics */
-	pgstat_send_funcstats();
+		if (pending_since > 0 &&
+			TimestampDifferenceExceeds(pending_since, now, PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL))
+			force = true;
+	}
 
-	/* Send WAL statistics */
-	pgstat_report_wal(true);
+	pgstat_update_dbstats(now);
 
-	/* Finally send SLRU statistics */
-	pgstat_send_slru();
+	/* don't wait for lock acquisition when !force */
+	nowait = !force;
+
+	partial_flush = false;
+
+	/* flush database / relation / function / ... stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_pending_entries(nowait);
+
+	/* flush wal stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_flush_wal(nowait);
+
+	/* flush SLRU stats */
+	partial_flush |= pgstat_slru_flush(nowait);
+
+	/*
+	 * If some of the pending stats could not be flushed due to lock
+	 * contention, let the caller know when to retry.
+	 */
+	if (partial_flush)
+	{
+		/* Retain the epoch time */
+		if (pending_since == 0)
+			pending_since = now;
+
+		/* The interval is doubled at every retry. */
+		if (retry_interval == 0)
+			retry_interval = PGSTAT_RETRY_MIN_INTERVAL * 1000;
+		else
+			retry_interval = retry_interval * 2;
+
+		/*
+		 * Determine the next retry interval so as not to get shorter than the
+		 * previous interval.
+		 */
+		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(pending_since,
+										now + 2 * retry_interval,
+										PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL))
+			next_flush = now + retry_interval;
+		else
+		{
+			next_flush = pending_since + PGSTAT_MAX_INTERVAL * 1000;
+			retry_interval = next_flush - now;
+		}
+
+		return retry_interval / 1000;
+	}
+
+	/* Set the next time to update stats */
+	next_flush = now + PGSTAT_MIN_INTERVAL * 1000;
+	retry_interval = 0;
+	pending_since = 0;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Will tell the collector about objects he can get rid of.
+ * Only for use by pgstat_reset_counters()
  */
-void
-pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
+static bool
+match_db_entries(PgStatShared_HashEntry *entry, Datum match_data)
 {
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg;
-	PgStat_MsgFuncpurge f_msg;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			len;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Read pg_database and make a list of OIDs of all existing databases
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(DatabaseRelationId, Anum_pg_database_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search the database hash table for dead databases and tell the
-	 * collector to drop them.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		/* the DB entry for shared tables (with InvalidOid) is never dropped */
-		if (OidIsValid(dbid) &&
-			hash_search(htab, (void *) &dbid, HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
-			pgstat_drop_database(dbid);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Search for all the dead replication slots in stats hashtable and tell
-	 * the stats collector to drop them.
-	 */
-	if (replSlotStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotentry;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotentry = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (SearchNamedReplicationSlot(NameStr(slotentry->slotname), true) == NULL)
-				pgstat_drop_replslot(NameStr(slotentry->slotname));
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Repeat the above steps for subscriptions, if subscription stats are
-	 * being collected.
-	 */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-		/*
-		 * Read pg_subscription and make a list of OIDs of all existing
-		 * subscriptions.
-		 */
-		htab = pgstat_collect_oids(SubscriptionRelationId, Anum_pg_subscription_oid);
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &(subentry->subid), HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
-				pgstat_drop_subscription(subentry->subid);
-		}
-
-		hash_destroy(htab);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our own database entry; if not found, nothing more to do.
-	 */
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &MyDatabaseId,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry == NULL || dbentry->tables == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Similarly to above, make a list of all known relations in this DB.
-	 */
-	htab = pgstat_collect_oids(RelationRelationId, Anum_pg_class_oid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Initialize our messages table counter to zero
-	 */
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check for all tables listed in stats hashtable if they still exist.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			tabid = tabentry->tableid;
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &tabid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-			continue;
-
-		/*
-		 * Not there, so add this table's Oid to the message
-		 */
-		msg.m_tableid[msg.m_nentries++] = tabid;
-
-		/*
-		 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-		 */
-		if (msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABPURGE)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-				+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-			msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-			pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Send the rest
-	 */
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-	{
-		len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabpurge, m_tableid[0])
-			+ msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE);
-		msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		pgstat_send(&msg, len);
-	}
-
-	/* Clean up */
-	hash_destroy(htab);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now repeat the above steps for functions.  However, we needn't bother
-	 * in the common case where no function stats are being collected.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL &&
-		hash_get_num_entries(dbentry->functions) > 0)
-	{
-		htab = pgstat_collect_oids(ProcedureRelationId, Anum_pg_proc_oid);
-
-		pgstat_setheader(&f_msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE);
-		f_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-		f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->functions);
-		while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			Oid			funcid = funcentry->functionid;
-
-			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-			if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &funcid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * Not there, so add this function's Oid to the message
-			 */
-			f_msg.m_functionid[f_msg.m_nentries++] = funcid;
-
-			/*
-			 * If the message is full, send it out and reinitialize to empty
-			 */
-			if (f_msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCPURGE)
-			{
-				len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-					+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-				pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-
-				f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Send the rest
-		 */
-		if (f_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		{
-			len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge, m_functionid[0])
-				+ f_msg.m_nentries * sizeof(Oid);
-
-			pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
-		}
-
-		hash_destroy(htab);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Collect the OIDs of all objects listed in the specified system catalog
- * into a temporary hash table.  Caller should hash_destroy the result
- * when done with it.  (However, we make the table in CurrentMemoryContext
- * so that it will be freed properly in event of an error.)
- */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
-{
-	HTAB	   *htab;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	Relation	rel;
-	TableScanDesc scan;
-	HeapTuple	tup;
-	Snapshot	snapshot;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = CurrentMemoryContext;
-	htab = hash_create("Temporary table of OIDs",
-					   PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-					   &hash_ctl,
-					   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	rel = table_open(catalogid, AccessShareLock);
-	snapshot = RegisterSnapshot(GetLatestSnapshot());
-	scan = table_beginscan(rel, snapshot, 0, NULL);
-	while ((tup = heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL)
-	{
-		Oid			thisoid;
-		bool		isnull;
-
-		thisoid = heap_getattr(tup, anum_oid, RelationGetDescr(rel), &isnull);
-		Assert(!isnull);
-
-		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-		(void) hash_search(htab, (void *) &thisoid, HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-	}
-	table_endscan(scan);
-	UnregisterSnapshot(snapshot);
-	table_close(rel, AccessShareLock);
-
-	return htab;
+	return entry->key.dboid == DatumGetObjectId(MyDatabaseId);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1073,14 +680,8 @@ pgstat_collect_oids(Oid catalogid, AttrNumber anum_oid)
 void
 pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_matching_entries(match_db_entries,
+								  ObjectIdGetDatum(MyDatabaseId));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1094,17 +695,16 @@ pgstat_reset_counters(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_single_counter(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid objoid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter msg;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->accessed_across_databases);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_resettype = kind;
-	msg.m_objectid = objoid;
+	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
+	pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(MyDatabaseId, ts);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* reset the "single counter" */
+	pgstat_reset_entry(kind, MyDatabaseId, objoid);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1116,45 +716,19 @@ pgstat_reset_single_counter(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid objoid)
 void
 pgstat_reset_shared_counters(PgStat_Kind kind)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter msg;
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	Assert(kind_info->fixed_amount);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_resettarget = kind;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	kind_info->reset_all_cb(now);
 }
 
-/*
- * Send some junk data to the collector to increase traffic.
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Fetching of stats
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
-void
-pgstat_ping(void)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgDummy msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
-
-/*
- * Notify collector that we need fresh data.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_inquiry(TimestampTz clock_time, TimestampTz cutoff_time, Oid databaseid)
-{
-	PgStat_MsgInquiry msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY);
-	msg.clock_time = clock_time;
-	msg.cutoff_time = cutoff_time;
-	msg.databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
 
 /*
  * Discard any data collected in the current transaction.  Any subsequent
@@ -1168,15 +742,19 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 {
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
-	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
-	if (pgStatLocalContext)
-		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatLocalContext);
+	memset(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid, 0,
+		   sizeof(pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid));
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats = NULL;
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
-	/* Reset variables */
-	pgStatLocalContext = NULL;
-	pgStatDBHash = NULL;
-	replSlotStatHash = NULL;
-	subscriptionStatHash = NULL;
+	/* Release memory, if any was allocated */
+	if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.context)
+	{
+		MemoryContextDelete(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context);
+
+		/* Reset variables */
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.context = NULL;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Historically the backend_status.c facilities lived in this file, and
@@ -1186,204 +764,396 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 	pgstat_clear_backend_activity_snapshot();
 }
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- * that the database doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
- * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- */
-PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid)
+void *
+pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
 {
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	PgStat_HashKey key;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	void	   *stats_data;
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
 
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the requested database; return NULL if not found
-	 */
-	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-											  (void *) &dbid,
-											  HASH_FIND, NULL);
-}
+	/* should be called from backends */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+	AssertArg(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the global statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_GlobalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_global(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	pgstat_prep_snapshot();
 
-	return &globalStats;
-}
+	key.kind = kind;
+	key.dboid = dboid;
+	key.objoid = objoid;
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
- * that the table doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
- * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
- */
-PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
-{
-	Oid			dbid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	/* if we need to build a full snapshot, do so */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		pgstat_build_snapshot();
 
-	/*
-	 * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-	 * file into some hash tables.
-	 */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup our database, then look in its table hash table.
-	 */
-	dbid = MyDatabaseId;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
+	/* if caching is desired, look up in cache */
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
 	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
+		PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_lookup(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, key);
+
+		if (entry)
+			return entry->data;
+
+		/*
+		 * If we built a full snapshot and the key is not in
+		 * pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, there are no matching stats.
+		 */
+		if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+			return NULL;
+	}
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode = pgstat_fetch_consistency;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL);
+
+	if (entry_ref == NULL || entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+	{
+		/* create empty entry when using PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE */
+		if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE)
+		{
+			PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+			bool		found;
+
+			entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, key, &found);
+			Assert(!found);
+			entry->data = NULL;
+		}
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
+	 * Allocate in caller's context for PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE,
+	 * otherwise we could quickly end up with a fair bit of memory used due to
+	 * repeated accesses.
 	 */
-	dbid = InvalidOid;
-	dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												 (void *) &dbid,
-												 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+		stats_data = palloc(kind_info->shared_data_len);
+	else
+		stats_data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context,
+										kind_info->shared_data_len);
+	memcpy(stats_data,
+		   shared_stat_entry_data(kind, entry_ref->shared_stats),
+		   kind_info->shared_data_len);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency > PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
 	{
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &relid,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
-		if (tabentry)
-			return tabentry;
+		PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry = NULL;
+		bool		found;
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, key, &found);
+		entry->data = stats_data;
 	}
 
-	return NULL;
+	return stats_data;
 }
 
-
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
+ * If a stats snapshot has been taken, return the timestamp at which that was
+ * done, and set *have_snapshot to true. Otherwise *have_snapshot is set to
+ * false.
  */
-PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
+TimestampTz
+pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(bool *have_snapshot)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry = NULL;
-
-	/* load the stats file if needed */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
-
-	/* Lookup our database, then find the requested function.  */
-	dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-	if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->functions != NULL)
+	if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
 	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &func_id,
-														 HASH_FIND, NULL);
+		*have_snapshot = true;
+		return pgStatLocal.snapshot.snapshot_timestamp;
 	}
 
-	return funcentry;
+	*have_snapshot = false;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the archiver statistics struct.
+ * Ensure snapshot for a kind of global stats exist.
+ *
+ * Typically used by the pgstat_fetch_* functions for a kind of stats, before
+ * massaging the data into the desired format.
  */
-PgStat_ArchiverStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
+void
+pgstat_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_valid(kind));
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
 
-	return &archiverStats;
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		pgstat_build_snapshot();
+	else
+		pgstat_build_snapshot_global(kind);
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_prep_snapshot(void)
+{
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE ||
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats != NULL)
+		return;
+
+	if (!pgStatLocal.snapshot.context)
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.context = AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
+															 "PgStat Snapshot",
+															 ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats =
+		pgstat_snapshot_create(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context,
+							   PGSTAT_SNAPSHOT_HASH_SIZE,
+							   NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_build_snapshot(void)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+
+	/* should only be called when we need a snapshot */
+	Assert(pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT);
+
+	/* snapshot already built */
+	if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_prep_snapshot();
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats->members == 0);
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.snapshot_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/*
+	 * Snapshot all variable stats.
+	 */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStat_Kind kind = p->key.kind;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+		bool		found;
+		PgStat_SnapshotEntry *entry;
+		PgStatShared_Common *stats_data;
+
+		/*
+		 * Check if the stats object should be included in the snapshot.
+		 * Unless the stats kind can be accessed from all databases (e.g.
+		 * database stats themselves), we only include stats for the current
+		 * database or objects not associated with a database (e.g. shared
+		 * relations).
+		 */
+		if (p->key.dboid != MyDatabaseId &&
+			p->key.dboid != InvalidOid &&
+			!kind_info->accessed_across_databases)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&p->refcount) > 0);
+
+		stats_data = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, p->body);
+		Assert(stats_data);
+
+		entry = pgstat_snapshot_insert(pgStatLocal.snapshot.stats, p->key, &found);
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		entry->data = MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatLocal.snapshot.context,
+										 kind_info->shared_size);
+		memcpy(entry->data,
+			   shared_stat_entry_data(kind, stats_data),
+			   kind_info->shared_size);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * Build snapshot of all global stats.
+	 */
+	for (int kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST; kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
+	{
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+		if (!kind_info->fixed_amount)
+		{
+			Assert(kind_info->snapshot_cb == NULL);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		pgstat_build_snapshot_global(kind);
+	}
+
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.mode = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+	Assert(kind_info->fixed_amount);
+	Assert(kind_info->snapshot_cb != NULL);
+
+	if (pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE)
+	{
+		/* rebuild every time */
+		pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind] = false;
+	}
+	else if (pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind])
+	{
+		/* in snapshot mode we shouldn't get called again */
+		Assert(pgstat_fetch_consistency == PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+
+	kind_info->snapshot_cb();
+
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind]);
+	pgStatLocal.snapshot.global_valid[kind] = true;
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Backend-local pending stats infrastructure
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Returns the appropriate PgStat_EntryRef, preparing it to receive pending
+ * stats if not already done.
+ */
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool *created_entry)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	/* need to be able to flush out */
+	Assert(pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->flush_pending_cb != NULL);
+
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatPendingContext))
+	{
+		pgStatPendingContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "PgStat Pending",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	}
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid,
+									 true, created_entry);
+
+	if (entry_ref->pending == NULL)
+	{
+		size_t		entrysize = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->pending_size;
+
+		Assert(entrysize != (size_t) -1);
+
+		entry_ref->pending = MemoryContextAllocZero(pgStatPendingContext, entrysize);
+		dlist_push_tail(&pgStatPending, &entry_ref->pending_node);
+	}
+
+	return entry_ref;
 }
 
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the bgwriter statistics struct.
+ * Return an existing stats entry, or NULL.
+ *
+ * This should only be used for helper function for pgstatfuncs.c - outside of
+ * that it shouldn't be needed.
  */
-PgStat_BgWriterStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
 
-	return &globalStats.bgwriter;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL);
+
+	if (entry_ref == NULL || entry_ref->pending == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return entry_ref;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
+{
+	PgStat_Kind kind = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.kind;
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+	void	   *pending_data = entry_ref->pending;
+
+	Assert(pending_data != NULL);
+	/* !fixed_amount stats should be handled explicitly */
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
+
+	if (kind_info->delete_pending_cb)
+		kind_info->delete_pending_cb(entry_ref);
+
+	pfree(pending_data);
+	entry_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+	dlist_delete(&entry_ref->pending_node);
 }
 
 /*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the checkpointer statistics struct.
+ * Flush out pending stats for database objects (databases, relations,
+ * functions).
  */
-PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
+static bool
+pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait)
 {
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	bool		have_pending = false;
+	dlist_node *cur = NULL;
 
-	return &globalStats.checkpointer;
-}
+	/*
+	 * Need to be a bit careful iterating over the list of pending entries.
+	 * Processing a pending entry may queue further pending entries to the end
+	 * of the list that we want to process, so a simple iteration won't do.
+	 * Further complicating matters is that we want to delete the current
+	 * entry in each iteration from the list if we flushed successfully.
+	 *
+	 * So we just keep track of the next pointer in each loop iteration.
+	 */
+	if (!dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending))
+		cur = dlist_head_node(&pgStatPending);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the WAL statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_WalStats *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+	while (cur)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref =
+		dlist_container(PgStat_EntryRef, pending_node, cur);
+		PgStat_HashKey key = entry_ref->shared_entry->key;
+		PgStat_Kind kind = key.kind;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+		bool		did_flush;
+		dlist_node *next;
 
-	return &walStats;
-}
+		Assert(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
+		Assert(kind_info->flush_pending_cb != NULL);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the slru statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_SLRUStats *
-pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+		/* flush the stats, if possible */
+		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait);
 
-	return slruStats;
-}
+		Assert(did_flush || nowait);
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * a pointer to the replication slot statistics struct.
- */
-PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname)
-{
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+		/* determine next entry, before deleting the pending entry */
+		if (dlist_has_next(&pgStatPending, cur))
+			next = dlist_next_node(&pgStatPending, cur);
+		else
+			next = NULL;
 
-	return pgstat_get_replslot_entry(slotname, false);
-}
+		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
+		if (did_flush)
+			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
+		else
+			have_pending = true;
 
-/*
- * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
- * the collected statistics for one subscription or NULL.
- */
-PgStat_StatSubEntry *
-pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
-{
-	/* Load the stats file if needed */
-	backend_read_statsfile();
+		cur = next;
+	}
 
-	return pgstat_get_subscription_entry(subid, false);
+	Assert(dlist_is_empty(&pgStatPending) == !have_pending);
+
+	return have_pending;
 }
 
 
@@ -1392,16 +1162,56 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
-/*
- * Create pgStatLocalContext, if not already done.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_setup_memcxt(void)
+PgStat_Kind
+pgstat_kind_from_str(char *kind_str)
 {
-	if (!pgStatLocalContext)
-		pgStatLocalContext = AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
-												   "Statistics snapshot",
-												   ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	for (int kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST; kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
+	{
+		if (pg_strcasecmp(kind_str, pgstat_kind_infos[kind].name) == 0)
+			return kind;
+	}
+
+	ereport(ERROR,
+			(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+			 errmsg("invalid statistics kind: \"%s\"", kind_str)));
+	return PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE;	/* avoid compiler warnings */
+}
+
+static inline bool
+pgstat_kind_valid(int ikind)
+{
+	return ikind >= PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST && ikind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST;
+}
+
+const PgStat_KindInfo *
+pgstat_kind_info_for(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	AssertArg(pgstat_kind_valid(kind));
+
+	return &pgstat_kind_infos[kind];
+}
+
+/*
+ * The length of the data portion of a shared memory stats entry (i.e. without
+ * transient data such as refcoutns, lwlocks, ...).
+ */
+static inline size_t
+shared_stat_entry_len(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	return pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a pointer to the data portion of a shared memory stats entry.
+ */
+static inline void *
+shared_stat_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry)
+{
+	size_t		off = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_off;
+
+	Assert(off != 0 && off < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return ((char *) (entry)) + off;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1417,642 +1227,44 @@ pgstat_assert_is_up(void)
 }
 #endif
 
-/*
- * Set common header fields in a statistics message
- */
-void
-pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype)
-{
-	hdr->m_type = mtype;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Send out one statistics message to the collector
- */
-void
-pgstat_send(void *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			rc;
-
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	((PgStat_MsgHdr *) msg)->m_size = len;
-
-	/* We'll retry after EINTR, but ignore all other failures */
-	do
-	{
-		rc = send(pgStatSock, msg, len, 0);
-	} while (rc < 0 && errno == EINTR);
-
-#ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
-	/* In debug builds, log send failures ... */
-	if (rc < 0)
-		elog(LOG, "could not send to statistics collector: %m");
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * Start up the statistics collector process.  This is the body of the
- * postmaster child process.
- *
- * The argc/argv parameters are valid only in EXEC_BACKEND case.
- */
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void
-PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	int			len;
-	PgStat_Msg	msg;
-	int			wr;
-	WaitEvent	event;
-	WaitEventSet *wes;
-
-	/*
-	 * Ignore all signals usually bound to some action in the postmaster,
-	 * except SIGHUP and SIGQUIT.  Note we don't need a SIGUSR1 handler to
-	 * support latch operations, because we only use a local latch.
-	 */
-	pqsignal(SIGHUP, SignalHandlerForConfigReload);
-	pqsignal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGQUIT, SignalHandlerForShutdownRequest);
-	pqsignal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN);
-	pqsignal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN);
-	/* Reset some signals that are accepted by postmaster but not here */
-	pqsignal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
-	PG_SETMASK(&UnBlockSig);
-
-	MyBackendType = B_STATS_COLLECTOR;
-	init_ps_display(NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Read in existing stats files or initialize the stats to zero.
-	 */
-	pgStatRunningInCollector = true;
-	pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, true, true);
-
-	/* Prepare to wait for our latch or data in our socket. */
-	wes = CreateWaitEventSet(CurrentMemoryContext, 3);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_LATCH_SET, PGINVALID_SOCKET, MyLatch, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH, PGINVALID_SOCKET, NULL, NULL);
-	AddWaitEventToSet(wes, WL_SOCKET_READABLE, pgStatSock, NULL, NULL);
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop to process messages until we get SIGQUIT or detect ungraceful
-	 * death of our parent postmaster.
-	 *
-	 * For performance reasons, we don't want to do ResetLatch/WaitLatch after
-	 * every message; instead, do that only after a recv() fails to obtain a
-	 * message.  (This effectively means that if backends are sending us stuff
-	 * like mad, we won't notice postmaster death until things slack off a
-	 * bit; which seems fine.)	To do that, we have an inner loop that
-	 * iterates as long as recv() succeeds.  We do check ConfigReloadPending
-	 * inside the inner loop, which means that such interrupts will get
-	 * serviced but the latch won't get cleared until next time there is a
-	 * break in the action.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		/* Clear any already-pending wakeups */
-		ResetLatch(MyLatch);
-
-		/*
-		 * Quit if we get SIGQUIT from the postmaster.
-		 */
-		if (ShutdownRequestPending)
-			break;
-
-		/*
-		 * Inner loop iterates as long as we keep getting messages, or until
-		 * ShutdownRequestPending becomes set.
-		 */
-		while (!ShutdownRequestPending)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Reload configuration if we got SIGHUP from the postmaster.
-			 */
-			if (ConfigReloadPending)
-			{
-				ConfigReloadPending = false;
-				ProcessConfigFile(PGC_SIGHUP);
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * Write the stats file(s) if a new request has arrived that is
-			 * not satisfied by existing file(s).
-			 */
-			if (pgstat_write_statsfile_needed())
-				pgstat_write_statsfiles(false, false);
-
-			/*
-			 * Try to receive and process a message.  This will not block,
-			 * since the socket is set to non-blocking mode.
-			 *
-			 * XXX On Windows, we have to force pgwin32_recv to cooperate,
-			 * despite the previous use of pg_set_noblock() on the socket.
-			 * This is extremely broken and should be fixed someday.
-			 */
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 1;
-#endif
-
-			len = recv(pgStatSock, (char *) &msg,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_Msg), 0);
-
-#ifdef WIN32
-			pgwin32_noblock = 0;
-#endif
-
-			if (len < 0)
-			{
-				if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EINTR)
-					break;		/* out of inner loop */
-				ereport(ERROR,
-						(errcode_for_socket_access(),
-						 errmsg("could not read statistics message: %m")));
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * We ignore messages that are smaller than our common header
-			 */
-			if (len < sizeof(PgStat_MsgHdr))
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * The received length must match the length in the header
-			 */
-			if (msg.msg_hdr.m_size != len)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * O.K. - we accept this message.  Process it.
-			 */
-			switch (msg.msg_hdr.m_type)
-			{
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY:
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY:
-					pgstat_recv_inquiry(&msg.msg_inquiry, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_tabstat(&msg.msg_tabstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_tabpurge(&msg.msg_tabpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB:
-					pgstat_recv_dropdb(&msg.msg_dropdb, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetcounter(&msg.msg_resetcounter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSHAREDCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(&msg.msg_resetsharedcounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSINGLECOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(&msg.msg_resetsinglecounter,
-												   len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(&msg.msg_resetslrucounter,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(&msg.msg_resetreplslotcounter,
-													 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER:
-					pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(&msg.msg_resetsubcounter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START:
-					pgstat_recv_autovac(&msg.msg_autovacuum_start, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM:
-					pgstat_recv_vacuum(&msg.msg_vacuum, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE:
-					pgstat_recv_analyze(&msg.msg_analyze, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER:
-					pgstat_recv_archiver(&msg.msg_archiver, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER:
-					pgstat_recv_bgwriter(&msg.msg_bgwriter, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER:
-					pgstat_recv_checkpointer(&msg.msg_checkpointer, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL:
-					pgstat_recv_wal(&msg.msg_wal, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU:
-					pgstat_recv_slru(&msg.msg_slru, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT:
-					pgstat_recv_funcstat(&msg.msg_funcstat, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE:
-					pgstat_recv_funcpurge(&msg.msg_funcpurge, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT:
-					pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(&msg.msg_recoveryconflict,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK:
-					pgstat_recv_deadlock(&msg.msg_deadlock, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE:
-					pgstat_recv_tempfile(&msg.msg_tempfile, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE:
-					pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(&msg.msg_checksumfailure,
-												 len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT:
-					pgstat_recv_replslot(&msg.msg_replslot, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT:
-					pgstat_recv_connect(&msg.msg_connect, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT:
-					pgstat_recv_disconnect(&msg.msg_disconnect, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP:
-					pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(&msg.msg_subscriptiondrop, len);
-					break;
-
-				case PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR:
-					pgstat_recv_subscription_error(&msg.msg_subscriptionerror, len);
-					break;
-
-				default:
-					break;
-			}
-		}						/* end of inner message-processing loop */
-
-		/* Sleep until there's something to do */
-#ifndef WIN32
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, -1L, &event, 1, WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#else
-
-		/*
-		 * Windows, at least in its Windows Server 2003 R2 incarnation,
-		 * sometimes loses FD_READ events.  Waking up and retrying the recv()
-		 * fixes that, so don't sleep indefinitely.  This is a crock of the
-		 * first water, but until somebody wants to debug exactly what's
-		 * happening there, this is the best we can do.  The two-second
-		 * timeout matches our pre-9.2 behavior, and needs to be short enough
-		 * to not provoke "using stale statistics" complaints from
-		 * backend_read_statsfile.
-		 */
-		wr = WaitEventSetWait(wes, 2 * 1000L /* msec */ , &event, 1,
-							  WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN);
-#endif
-
-		/*
-		 * Emergency bailout if postmaster has died.  This is to avoid the
-		 * necessity for manual cleanup of all postmaster children.
-		 */
-		if (wr == 1 && event.events == WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH)
-			break;
-	}							/* end of outer loop */
-
-	/*
-	 * Save the final stats to reuse at next startup.
-	 */
-	pgstat_write_statsfiles(true, true);
-
-	FreeWaitEventSet(wes);
-
-	exit(0);
-}
-
-/*
- * Subroutine to clear stats in a database entry
- *
- * Tables and functions hashes are initialized to empty.
- */
-static void
-reset_dbentry_counters(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
-{
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_blocks_hit = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_returned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_updated = 0;
-	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted = 0;
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_lock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin = 0;
-	dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files = 0;
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes = 0;
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks = 0;
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures = 0;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions = 0;
-	dbentry->total_session_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_active_time = 0;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_fatal = 0;
-	dbentry->n_sessions_killed = 0;
-
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-	dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-								  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-								  &hash_ctl,
-								  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-	dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-									 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									 &hash_ctl,
-									 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-}
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified database. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatDBEntry *
-pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this database */
-	result = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-												&databaseid,
-												action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * If not found, initialize the new one.  This creates empty hash tables
-	 * for tables and functions, too.
-	 */
-	if (!found)
-		reset_dbentry_counters(result);
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-/*
- * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified table. If no hash
- * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
- * Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, Oid tableoid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *result;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	/* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this table */
-	result = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-												 &tableoid,
-												 action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* If not found, initialize the new one. */
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		result->numscans = 0;
-		result->tuples_returned = 0;
-		result->tuples_fetched = 0;
-		result->tuples_inserted = 0;
-		result->tuples_updated = 0;
-		result->tuples_deleted = 0;
-		result->tuples_hot_updated = 0;
-		result->n_live_tuples = 0;
-		result->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-		result->changes_since_analyze = 0;
-		result->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-		result->blocks_fetched = 0;
-		result->blocks_hit = 0;
-		result->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-		result->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->analyze_count = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-		result->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-	}
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the entry of replication slot stats with the given name. Return
- * NULL if not found and the caller didn't request to create it.
- *
- * create tells whether to create the new slot entry if it is not found.
- */
-static PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
-pgstat_get_replslot_entry(NameData name, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-	bool		found;
-
-	if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-		/*
-		 * Quick return NULL if the hash table is empty and the caller didn't
-		 * request to create the entry.
-		 */
-		if (!create)
-			return NULL;
-
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(NameData);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry);
-		replSlotStatHash = hash_create("Replication slots hash",
-									   PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE,
-									   &hash_ctl,
-									   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-													   (void *) &name,
-													   create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND,
-													   &found);
-
-	if (!slotent)
-	{
-		/* not found */
-		Assert(!create && !found);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	/* initialize the entry */
-	if (create && !found)
-	{
-		namestrcpy(&(slotent->slotname), NameStr(name));
-		pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, 0);
-	}
-
-	return slotent;
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset the given replication slot stats.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_replslot(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent, TimestampTz ts)
-{
-	/* reset only counters. Don't clear slot name */
-	slotent->spill_txns = 0;
-	slotent->spill_count = 0;
-	slotent->spill_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->stream_txns = 0;
-	slotent->stream_count = 0;
-	slotent->stream_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->total_txns = 0;
-	slotent->total_bytes = 0;
-	slotent->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the subscription statistics entry with the given subscription OID.
- * If no subscription entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is
- * true.  Else, return NULL.
- */
-static PgStat_StatSubEntry *
-pgstat_get_subscription_entry(Oid subid, bool create)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-	bool		found;
-	HASHACTION	action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
-
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-		/*
-		 * Quick return NULL if the hash table is empty and the caller didn't
-		 * request to create the entry.
-		 */
-		if (!create)
-			return NULL;
-
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry);
-		subscriptionStatHash = hash_create("Subscription hash",
-										   PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE,
-										   &hash_ctl,
-										   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash,
-												   (void *) &subid,
-												   action, &found);
-
-	if (!create && !found)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* If not found, initialize the new one */
-	if (!found)
-		pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, 0);
-
-	return subentry;
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset the given subscription stats.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_reset_subscription(PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry, TimestampTz ts)
-{
-	subentry->apply_error_count = 0;
-	subentry->sync_error_count = 0;
-	subentry->stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-}
-
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------
  * reading and writing of on-disk stats file
  * ------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
+/* helpers for pgstat_write_statsfile() */
+static void
+write_chunk(FILE *fpout, void *ptr, size_t len)
+{
+	int			rc;
+
+	rc = fwrite(ptr, len, 1, fpout);
+
+	/* we'll check for errors with ferror once at the end */
+	(void) rc;
+}
+
+#define write_chunk_s(fpout, ptr) write_chunk(fpout, ptr, sizeof(*ptr))
+
 /*
- * Write the global statistics file, as well as requested DB files.
- *
- * 'permanent' specifies writing to the permanent files not temporary ones.
- * When true (happens only when the collector is shutting down), also remove
- * the temporary files so that backends starting up under a new postmaster
- * can't read old data before the new collector is ready.
- *
- * When 'allDbs' is false, only the requested databases (listed in
- * pending_write_requests) will be written; otherwise, all databases
- * will be written.
+ * This function is called in the last process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
+pgstat_write_statsfile(void)
 {
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 	FILE	   *fpout;
 	int32		format_id;
-	const char *tmpfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE : pgstat_stat_tmpname;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-	int			rc;
+	const char *tmpfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *ps;
+
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+
+	/* we're shutting down, so it's ok to just override this */
+	pgstat_fetch_consistency = PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE;
 
 	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
 
@@ -2069,2077 +1281,355 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Set the timestamp of the stats file.
-	 */
-	globalStats.stats_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
 	/*
 	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
 	 */
 	format_id = PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID;
-	rc = fwrite(&format_id, sizeof(format_id), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &format_id);
 
 	/*
-	 * Write global stats struct
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&globalStats, sizeof(globalStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
 	/*
 	 * Write archiver stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&archiverStats, sizeof(archiverStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.archiver);
 
 	/*
-	 * Write WAL stats struct
+	 * Write bgwriter stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(&walStats, sizeof(walStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter);
+
+	/*
+	 * Write checkpointer stats struct
+	 */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer);
 
 	/*
 	 * Write SLRU stats struct
 	 */
-	rc = fwrite(slruStats, sizeof(slruStats), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.slru);
 
 	/*
-	 * Walk through the database table.
+	 * Write WAL stats struct
 	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-	while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	pgstat_build_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_WAL);
+	write_chunk_s(fpout, &pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal);
+
+	/*
+	 * Walk through the stats entries
+	 */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((ps = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Write out the table and function stats for this DB into the
-		 * appropriate per-DB stat file, if required.
-		 */
-		if (allDbs || pgstat_db_requested(dbentry->databaseid))
-		{
-			/* Make DB's timestamp consistent with the global stats */
-			dbentry->stats_timestamp = globalStats.stats_timestamp;
-
-			pgstat_write_db_statsfile(dbentry, permanent);
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Write out the DB entry. We don't write the tables or functions
-		 * pointers, since they're of no use to any other process.
-		 */
-		fputc('D', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(dbentry, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write replication slot stats struct
-	 */
-	if (replSlotStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			fputc('R', fpout);
-			rc = fwrite(slotent, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), 1, fpout);
-			(void) rc;			/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write subscription stats struct
-	 */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash)
-	{
-		PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&hstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
-		{
-			fputc('S', fpout);
-			rc = fwrite(subentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), 1, fpout);
-			(void) rc;			/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
-	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
-	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite above.
-	 */
-	fputc('E', fpout);
-
-	if (ferror(fpout))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpout);
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile, statfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-		unlink(pgstat_stat_filename);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now throw away the list of requests.  Note that requests sent after we
-	 * started the write are still waiting on the network socket.
-	 */
-	list_free(pending_write_requests);
-	pending_write_requests = NIL;
-}
-
-/*
- * return the filename for a DB stat file; filename is the output buffer,
- * of length len.
- */
-static void
-get_dbstat_filename(bool permanent, bool tempname, Oid databaseid,
-					char *filename, int len)
-{
-	int			printed;
-
-	/* NB -- pgstat_reset_remove_files knows about the pattern this uses */
-	printed = snprintf(filename, len, "%s/db_%u.%s",
-					   permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY :
-					   pgstat_stat_directory,
-					   databaseid,
-					   tempname ? "tmp" : "stat");
-	if (printed >= len)
-		elog(ERROR, "overlength pgstat path");
-}
-
-/*
- * Write the stat file for a single database.
- *
- * If writing to the permanent file (happens when the collector is
- * shutting down only), remove the temporary file so that backends
- * starting up under a new postmaster can't read the old data before
- * the new collector is ready.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
-{
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS tstat;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpout;
-	int32		format_id;
-	Oid			dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
-	int			rc;
-	char		tmpfile[MAXPGPATH];
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, true, dbid, tmpfile, MAXPGPATH);
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-
-	/*
-	 * Open the statistics temp file to write out the current values.
-	 */
-	fpout = AllocateFile(tmpfile, PG_BINARY_W);
-	if (fpout == NULL)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not open temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
-	 */
-	format_id = PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID;
-	rc = fwrite(&format_id, sizeof(format_id), 1, fpout);
-	(void) rc;					/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's access stats per table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&tstat, dbentry->tables);
-	while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&tstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('T', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(tabentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Walk through the database's function stats table.
-	 */
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, dbentry->functions);
-	while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		fputc('F', fpout);
-		rc = fwrite(funcentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry), 1, fpout);
-		(void) rc;				/* we'll check for error with ferror */
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
-	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
-	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite above.
-	 */
-	fputc('E', fpout);
-
-	if (ferror(fpout))
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpout);
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
-	{
-		ereport(LOG,
-				(errcode_for_file_access(),
-				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
-						tmpfile, statfile)));
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-	}
-
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing temporary stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reads in some existing statistics collector files and returns the
- * databases hash table that is the top level of the data.
- *
- * If 'onlydb' is not InvalidOid, it means we only want data for that DB
- * plus the shared catalogs ("DB 0").  We'll still populate the DB hash
- * table for all databases, but we don't bother even creating table/function
- * hash tables for other databases.
- *
- * 'permanent' specifies reading from the permanent files not temporary ones.
- * When true (happens only when the collector is starting up), remove the
- * files after reading; the in-memory status is now authoritative, and the
- * files would be out of date in case somebody else reads them.
- *
- * If a 'deep' read is requested, table/function stats are read, otherwise
- * the table/function hash tables remain empty.
- */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbbuf;
-	HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-	HTAB	   *dbhash;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	bool		found;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-	int			i;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * The tables will live in pgStatLocalContext.
-	 */
-	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
-
-	/*
-	 * Create the DB hashtable
-	 */
-	hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-	hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry);
-	hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-	dbhash = hash_create("Databases hash", PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE, &hash_ctl,
-						 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-	/*
-	 * Clear out global, archiver, WAL and SLRU statistics so they start from
-	 * zero in case we can't load an existing statsfile.
-	 */
-	memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-	memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-	memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-	memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the current timestamp (will be kept only in case we can't load an
-	 * existing statsfile).
-	 */
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-	walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the same reset timestamp for all SLRU items too.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-		slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
-	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
-	 * condition is suspicious.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return dbhash;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&globalStats, 1, sizeof(globalStats), fpin) != sizeof(globalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the permanent
-	 * stats file; we should be willing to write a temp stats file immediately
-	 * upon the first request from any backend.  This only matters if the old
-	 * file's timestamp is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL ago, but that's not
-	 * an unusual scenario.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-		globalStats.stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&archiverStats, 1, sizeof(archiverStats), fpin) != sizeof(archiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&walStats, 1, sizeof(walStats), fpin) != sizeof(walStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(slruStats, 1, sizeof(slruStats), fpin) != sizeof(slruStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		memset(&slruStats, 0, sizeof(slruStats));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbbuf, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Add to the DB hash
-				 */
-				dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(dbhash,
-															 (void *) &dbbuf.databaseid,
-															 HASH_ENTER,
-															 &found);
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(dbentry, &dbbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry));
-				dbentry->tables = NULL;
-				dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-				/*
-				 * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the
-				 * permanent stats file; we should be willing to write a temp
-				 * stats file immediately upon the first request from any
-				 * backend.
-				 */
-				if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-					dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-				/*
-				 * Don't create tables/functions hashtables for uninteresting
-				 * databases.
-				 */
-				if (onlydb != InvalidOid)
-				{
-					if (dbbuf.databaseid != onlydb &&
-						dbbuf.databaseid != InvalidOid)
-						break;
-				}
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-											  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-											  &hash_ctl,
-											  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-				hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-				hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-				dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-												 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-												 &hash_ctl,
-												 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-				/*
-				 * If requested, read the data from the database-specific
-				 * file.  Otherwise we just leave the hashtables empty.
-				 */
-				if (deep)
-					pgstat_read_db_statsfile(dbentry->databaseid,
-											 dbentry->tables,
-											 dbentry->functions,
-											 permanent);
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry struct describing a
-				 * replication slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				{
-					PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry slotbuf;
-					PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-					if (fread(&slotbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), fpin)
-						!= sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry))
-					{
-						ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-										statfile)));
-						goto done;
-					}
-
-					/* Create hash table if we don't have it already. */
-					if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
-					{
-						HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-						hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(NameData);
-						hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry);
-						hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-						replSlotStatHash = hash_create("Replication slots hash",
-													   PGSTAT_REPLSLOT_HASH_SIZE,
-													   &hash_ctl,
-													   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-					}
-
-					slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-																	   (void *) &slotbuf.slotname,
-																	   HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-					memcpy(slotent, &slotbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry));
-					break;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * 'S'	A PgStat_StatSubEntry struct describing subscription
-				 * statistics.
-				 */
-			case 'S':
-				{
-					PgStat_StatSubEntry subbuf;
-					PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-					if (fread(&subbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), fpin)
-						!= sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry))
-					{
-						ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-								(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-										statfile)));
-						goto done;
-					}
-
-					if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-					{
-						HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
-
-						hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-						hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry);
-						hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-						subscriptionStatHash = hash_create("Subscription hash",
-														   PGSTAT_SUBSCRIPTION_HASH_SIZE,
-														   &hash_ctl,
-														   HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-					}
-
-					subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash,
-																   (void *) &subbuf.subid,
-																   HASH_ENTER, NULL);
-
-					memcpy(subentry, &subbuf, sizeof(subbuf));
-					break;
-				}
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-								statfile)));
-				goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-
-	/* If requested to read the permanent file, also get rid of it. */
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-
-	return dbhash;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Reads in the existing statistics collector file for the given database,
- * filling the passed-in tables and functions hash tables.
- *
- * As in pgstat_read_statsfiles, if the permanent file is requested, it is
- * removed after reading.
- *
- * Note: this code has the ability to skip storing per-table or per-function
- * data, if NULL is passed for the corresponding hashtable.  That's not used
- * at the moment though.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-						 bool permanent)
-{
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry tabbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry funcbuf;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	bool		found;
-	char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-	get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, databaseid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
-	 * return zero for anything and the collector simply starts from scratch
-	 * with empty counters.
-	 *
-	 * ENOENT is a possibility if the stats collector is not running or has
-	 * not yet written the stats file the first time.  Any other failure
-	 * condition is suspicious.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		goto done;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file. Read it and put all the
-	 * hashtable entries into place.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'T'	A PgStat_StatTabEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'T':
-				if (fread(&tabbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Skip if table data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (tabhash == NULL)
-					break;
-
-				tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(tabhash,
-															   (void *) &tabbuf.tableid,
-															   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(tabentry, &tabbuf, sizeof(tabbuf));
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'F'	A PgStat_StatFuncEntry follows.
-				 */
-			case 'F':
-				if (fread(&funcbuf, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry),
-						  fpin) != sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * Skip if function data not wanted.
-				 */
-				if (funchash == NULL)
-					break;
-
-				funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(funchash,
-																 (void *) &funcbuf.functionid,
-																 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-				if (found)
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				memcpy(funcentry, &funcbuf, sizeof(funcbuf));
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'E'	The EOF marker of a complete stats file.
-				 */
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-						(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-								statfile)));
-				goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-
-	if (permanent)
-	{
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Attempt to determine the timestamp of the last db statfile write.
- * Returns true if successful; the timestamp is stored in *ts. The caller must
- * rely on timestamp stored in *ts iff the function returns true.
- *
- * This needs to be careful about handling databases for which no stats file
- * exists, such as databases without a stat entry or those not yet written:
- *
- * - if there's a database entry in the global file, return the corresponding
- * stats_timestamp value.
- *
- * - if there's no db stat entry (e.g. for a new or inactive database),
- * there's no stats_timestamp value, but also nothing to write so we return
- * the timestamp of the global statfile.
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(Oid databaseid, bool permanent,
-								   TimestampTz *ts)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry dbentry;
-	PgStat_GlobalStats myGlobalStats;
-	PgStat_ArchiverStats myArchiverStats;
-	PgStat_WalStats myWalStats;
-	PgStat_SLRUStats mySLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry myReplSlotStats;
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry mySubStats;
-	FILE	   *fpin;
-	int32		format_id;
-	const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to open the stats file.  As above, anything but ENOENT is worthy of
-	 * complaining about.
-	 */
-	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
-	{
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-					(errcode_for_file_access(),
-					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-							statfile)));
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
-	 */
-	if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read global stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myGlobalStats, 1, sizeof(myGlobalStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myGlobalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read archiver stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myArchiverStats, 1, sizeof(myArchiverStats),
-			  fpin) != sizeof(myArchiverStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read WAL stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(&myWalStats, 1, sizeof(myWalStats), fpin) != sizeof(myWalStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Read SLRU stats struct
-	 */
-	if (fread(mySLRUStats, 1, sizeof(mySLRUStats), fpin) != sizeof(mySLRUStats))
-	{
-		ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-				(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-		FreeFile(fpin);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/* By default, we're going to return the timestamp of the global file. */
-	*ts = myGlobalStats.stats_timestamp;
-
-	/*
-	 * We found an existing collector stats file.  Read it and look for a
-	 * record for the requested database.  If found, use its timestamp.
-	 */
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		switch (fgetc(fpin))
-		{
-				/*
-				 * 'D'	A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-				 * follows.
-				 */
-			case 'D':
-				if (fread(&dbentry, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-						  fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-
-				/*
-				 * If this is the DB we're looking for, save its timestamp and
-				 * we're done.
-				 */
-				if (dbentry.databaseid == databaseid)
-				{
-					*ts = dbentry.stats_timestamp;
-					goto done;
-				}
-
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'R'	A PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry struct describing a
-				 * replication slot follows.
-				 */
-			case 'R':
-				if (fread(&myReplSlotStats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-				break;
-
-				/*
-				 * 'S'	A PgStat_StatSubEntry struct describing subscription
-				 * statistics follows.
-				 */
-			case 'S':
-				if (fread(&mySubStats, 1, sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry), fpin)
-					!= sizeof(PgStat_StatSubEntry))
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-				break;
-
-			case 'E':
-				goto done;
-
-			default:
-				{
-					ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-							(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-									statfile)));
-					FreeFile(fpin);
-					return false;
-				}
-		}
-	}
-
-done:
-	FreeFile(fpin);
-	return true;
-}
-
-/*
- * If not already done, read the statistics collector stats file into
- * some hash tables.  The results will be kept until pgstat_clear_snapshot()
- * is called (typically, at end of transaction).
- */
-static void
-backend_read_statsfile(void)
-{
-	TimestampTz min_ts = 0;
-	TimestampTz ref_ts = 0;
-	Oid			inquiry_db;
-	int			count;
-
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
-
-	/* already read it? */
-	if (pgStatDBHash)
-		return;
-	Assert(!pgStatRunningInCollector);
-
-	/*
-	 * In a normal backend, we check staleness of the data for our own DB, and
-	 * so we send MyDatabaseId in inquiry messages.  In the autovac launcher,
-	 * check staleness of the shared-catalog data, and send InvalidOid in
-	 * inquiry messages so as not to force writing unnecessary data.
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		inquiry_db = InvalidOid;
-	else
-		inquiry_db = MyDatabaseId;
-
-	/*
-	 * Loop until fresh enough stats file is available or we ran out of time.
-	 * The stats inquiry message is sent repeatedly in case collector drops
-	 * it; but not every single time, as that just swamps the collector.
-	 */
-	for (count = 0; count < PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT; count++)
-	{
-		bool		ok;
-		TimestampTz file_ts = 0;
-		TimestampTz cur_ts;
+		PgStatShared_Common *shstats;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = NULL;
 
 		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-		ok = pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(inquiry_db, false, &file_ts);
+		/* we may have some "dropped" entries not yet removed, skip them */
+		Assert(!ps->dropped);
+		if (ps->dropped)
+			continue;
 
-		cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-		/* Calculate min acceptable timestamp, if we didn't already */
-		if (count == 0 || cur_ts < ref_ts)
+		shstats = (PgStatShared_Common *) dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, ps->body);
+
+		kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(ps->key.kind);
+
+		/* if not dropped the valid-entry refcount should exist */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&ps->refcount) > 0);
+
+		if (!kind_info->to_serialized_name)
 		{
-			/*
-			 * We set the minimum acceptable timestamp to PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-			 * msec before now.  This indirectly ensures that the collector
-			 * needn't write the file more often than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL. In
-			 * an autovacuum worker, however, we want a lower delay to avoid
-			 * using stale data, so we use PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY (since the
-			 * number of workers is low, this shouldn't be a problem).
-			 *
-			 * We don't recompute min_ts after sleeping, except in the
-			 * unlikely case that cur_ts went backwards.  So we might end up
-			 * accepting a file a bit older than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.  In
-			 * practice that shouldn't happen, though, as long as the sleep
-			 * time is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL; and we don't want to
-			 * tell the collector that our cutoff time is less than what we'd
-			 * actually accept.
-			 */
-			ref_ts = cur_ts;
-			if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY);
-			else
-				min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-													 -PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL);
+			/* normal stats entry, identified by PgStat_HashKey */
+			fputc('S', fpout);
+			write_chunk_s(fpout, &ps->key);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			/* stats entry identified by name on disk (e.g. slots) */
+			NameData	name;
+
+			kind_info->to_serialized_name(shstats, &name);
+
+			fputc('N', fpout);
+			write_chunk_s(fpout, &ps->key.kind);
+			write_chunk_s(fpout, &name);
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * If the file timestamp is actually newer than cur_ts, we must have
-		 * had a clock glitch (system time went backwards) or there is clock
-		 * skew between our processor and the stats collector's processor.
-		 * Accept the file, but send an inquiry message anyway to make
-		 * pgstat_recv_inquiry do a sanity check on the collector's time.
-		 */
-		if (ok && file_ts > cur_ts)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * A small amount of clock skew between processors isn't terribly
-			 * surprising, but a large difference is worth logging.  We
-			 * arbitrarily define "large" as 1000 msec.
-			 */
-			if (file_ts >= TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(cur_ts, 1000))
-			{
-				char	   *filetime;
-				char	   *mytime;
-
-				/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-				filetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(file_ts));
-				mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-				ereport(LOG,
-						(errmsg("statistics collector's time %s is later than backend local time %s",
-								filetime, mytime)));
-				pfree(filetime);
-				pfree(mytime);
-			}
-
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-			break;
-		}
-
-		/* Normal acceptance case: file is not older than cutoff time */
-		if (ok && file_ts >= min_ts)
-			break;
-
-		/* Not there or too old, so kick the collector and wait a bit */
-		if ((count % PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT) == 0)
-			pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-
-		pg_usleep(PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY * 1000L);
+		/* Write except the header part of the entry */
+		write_chunk(fpout,
+					shared_stat_entry_data(ps->key.kind, shstats),
+					shared_stat_entry_len(ps->key.kind));
 	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
 
-	if (count >= PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT)
+	/*
+	 * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
+	 * pgstat.stat with it.  The ferror() check replaces testing for error
+	 * after each individual fputc or fwrite (in write_chunk()) above.
+	 */
+	fputc('E', fpout);
+
+	if (ferror(fpout))
+	{
 		ereport(LOG,
-				(errmsg("using stale statistics instead of current ones "
-						"because stats collector is not responding")));
-
-	/*
-	 * Autovacuum launcher wants stats about all databases, but a shallow read
-	 * is sufficient.  Regular backends want a deep read for just the tables
-	 * they can see (MyDatabaseId + shared catalogs).
-	 */
-	if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, false, false);
-	else
-		pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(MyDatabaseId, false, true);
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not write temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+						tmpfile)));
+		FreeFile(fpout);
+		unlink(tmpfile);
+	}
+	else if (FreeFile(fpout) < 0)
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not close temporary statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+						tmpfile)));
+		unlink(tmpfile);
+	}
+	else if (rename(tmpfile, statfile) < 0)
+	{
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errcode_for_file_access(),
+				 errmsg("could not rename temporary statistics file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %m",
+						tmpfile, statfile)));
+		unlink(tmpfile);
+	}
 }
 
-/*
- * Do we need to write out any stats files?
- */
+/* helpers for pgstat_read_statsfile() */
 static bool
-pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void)
+read_chunk(FILE *fpin, void *ptr, size_t len)
 {
-	if (pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
-
-	/* Everything was written recently */
-	return false;
+	return fread(ptr, 1, len, fpin) == len;
 }
 
-/*
- * Checks whether stats for a particular DB need to be written to a file.
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid)
-{
-	/*
-	 * If any requests are outstanding at all, we should write the stats for
-	 * shared catalogs (the "database" with OID 0).  This ensures that
-	 * backends will see up-to-date stats for shared catalogs, even though
-	 * they send inquiry messages mentioning only their own DB.
-	 */
-	if (databaseid == InvalidOid && pending_write_requests != NIL)
-		return true;
-
-	/* Search to see if there's an open request to write this database. */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, databaseid))
-		return true;
-
-	return false;
-}
-
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------
- * stats collector message processing functions
- * ------------------------------------------------------------
- */
+#define read_chunk_s(fpin, ptr) read_chunk(fpin, ptr, sizeof(*ptr))
 
 /*
- * Process stat inquiry requests.
+ * Reads in existing statistics file into the shared stats hash.
+ *
+ * This function is called in the only process that is accessing the shared
+ * stats so locking is not required.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len)
+pgstat_read_statsfile(void)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	elog(DEBUG2, "received inquiry for database %u", msg->databaseid);
-
-	/*
-	 * If there's already a write request for this DB, there's nothing to do.
-	 *
-	 * Note that if a request is found, we return early and skip the below
-	 * check for clock skew.  This is okay, since the only way for a DB
-	 * request to be present in the list is that we have been here since the
-	 * last write round.  It seems sufficient to check for clock skew once per
-	 * write round.
-	 */
-	if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, msg->databaseid))
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check to see if we last wrote this database at a time >= the requested
-	 * cutoff time.  If so, this is a stale request that was generated before
-	 * we updated the DB file, and we don't need to do so again.
-	 *
-	 * If the requestor's local clock time is older than stats_timestamp, we
-	 * should suspect a clock glitch, ie system time going backwards; though
-	 * the more likely explanation is just delayed message receipt.  It is
-	 * worth expending a GetCurrentTimestamp call to be sure, since a large
-	 * retreat in the system clock reading could otherwise cause us to neglect
-	 * to update the stats file for a long time.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->databaseid, false);
-	if (dbentry == NULL)
-	{
-		/*
-		 * We have no data for this DB.  Enter a write request anyway so that
-		 * the global stats will get updated.  This is needed to prevent
-		 * backend_read_statsfile from waiting for data that we cannot supply,
-		 * in the case of a new DB that nobody has yet reported any stats for.
-		 * See the behavior of pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp.
-		 */
-	}
-	else if (msg->clock_time < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-	{
-		TimestampTz cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		if (cur_ts < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Sure enough, time went backwards.  Force a new stats file write
-			 * to get back in sync; but first, log a complaint.
-			 */
-			char	   *writetime;
-			char	   *mytime;
-
-			/* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-			writetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(dbentry->stats_timestamp));
-			mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-			ereport(LOG,
-					(errmsg("stats_timestamp %s is later than collector's time %s for database %u",
-							writetime, mytime, dbentry->databaseid)));
-			pfree(writetime);
-			pfree(mytime);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Nope, it's just an old request.  Assuming msg's clock_time is
-			 * >= its cutoff_time, it must be stale, so we can ignore it.
-			 */
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-	else if (msg->cutoff_time <= dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-	{
-		/* Stale request, ignore it */
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We need to write this DB, so create a request.
-	 */
-	pending_write_requests = lappend_oid(pending_write_requests,
-										 msg->databaseid);
-}
-
-/*
- * Count what the backend has done.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-	int			i;
+	FILE	   *fpin;
+	int32		format_id;
 	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Update database-wide stats.
-	 */
-	dbentry->n_xact_commit += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_commit);
-	dbentry->n_xact_rollback += (PgStat_Counter) (msg->m_xact_rollback);
-	dbentry->n_block_read_time += msg->m_block_read_time;
-	dbentry->n_block_write_time += msg->m_block_write_time;
-
-	dbentry->total_session_time += msg->m_session_time;
-	dbentry->total_active_time += msg->m_active_time;
-	dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += msg->m_idle_in_xact_time;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		PgStat_TableEntry *tabmsg = &(msg->m_entry[i]);
-
-		tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-													   (void *) &(tabmsg->t_id),
-													   HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new table entry, initialize counters to the values we
-			 * just got.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans = tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples = tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze = tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit = tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-
-			tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->analyze_count = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = 0;
-			tabentry->autovac_analyze_count = 0;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			tabentry->numscans += tabmsg->t_counts.t_numscans;
-			tabentry->tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-			tabentry->tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-			tabentry->tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-			tabentry->tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-			tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
-
-			/*
-			 * If table was truncated/dropped, first reset the live/dead
-			 * counters.
-			 */
-			if (tabmsg->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
-			{
-				tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
-				tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-			}
-			tabentry->n_live_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
-			tabentry->n_dead_tuples += tabmsg->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
-			tabentry->changes_since_analyze += tabmsg->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
-			tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-			tabentry->blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-			tabentry->blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-		}
-
-		/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
-		/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
-		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
-
-		/*
-		 * Add per-table stats to the per-database entry, too.
-		 */
-		dbentry->n_tuples_returned += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_updated += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
-		dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += tabmsg->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
-		dbentry->n_blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Arrange for dead table removal.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->tables)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all table entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_tableid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Arrange for dead database removal
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len)
-{
-	Oid			dbid = msg->m_databaseid;
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(dbid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * If found, remove it (along with the db statfile).
-	 */
-	if (dbentry)
-	{
-		char		statfile[MAXPGPATH];
-
-		get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-		elog(DEBUG2, "removing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-		unlink(statfile);
-
-		if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-		if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-			hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-		if (hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-						(void *) &dbid,
-						HASH_REMOVE, NULL) == NULL)
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errmsg("database hash table corrupted during cleanup --- abort")));
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset the statistics for the specified database.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Lookup the database in the hashtable.  Nothing to do if not there.
-	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * We simply throw away all the database's table entries by recreating a
-	 * new hash table for them.
-	 */
-	if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-	if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-		hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-	dbentry->tables = NULL;
-	dbentry->functions = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * Reset database-level stats, too.  This creates empty hash tables for
-	 * tables and functions.
-	 */
-	reset_dbentry_counters(dbentry);
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some shared statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER ||
-		msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER)
-	{
-		/*
-		 * Reset the global, bgwriter and checkpointer statistics for the
-		 * cluster.
-		 */
-		memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-		globalStats.bgwriter.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER)
-	{
-		/* Reset the archiver statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-		archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU)
-	{
-		int			i;
-		TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
-		{
-			memset(&slruStats[i], 0, sizeof(slruStats[i]));
-			slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-		}
-	}
-	else if (msg->m_resettarget == PGSTAT_KIND_WAL)
-	{
-		/* Reset the WAL statistics for the cluster. */
-		memset(&walStats, 0, sizeof(walStats));
-		walStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Presumably the sender of this message validated the target, don't
-	 * complain here if it's not valid
-	 */
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset a statistics for a single object, which may be of current
- * database or shared across all databases in the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	if (IsSharedRelation(msg->m_objectid))
-		dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(InvalidOid, false);
-	else
-		dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	if (!dbentry)
-		return;
-
-	/* Set the reset timestamp for the whole database */
-	dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-	/* Remove object if it exists, ignore it if not */
-	if (msg->m_resettype == PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->tables, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	else if (msg->m_resettype == PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION)
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some SLRU statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetslrucounter(PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	int			i;
+	const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
+	PgStat_ShmemControl *shmem = pgStatLocal.shmem;
 	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+	/* shouldn't be called from postmaster */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+
+	elog(DEBUG2, "reading stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+
+	/*
+	 * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
+	 * returns zero for anything and statistics simply starts from scratch
+	 * with empty counters.
+	 *
+	 * ENOENT is a possibility if stats collection was previously disabled or
+	 * has not yet written the stats file for the first time.  Any other
+	 * failure condition is suspicious.
+	 */
+	if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
 	{
-		/* reset entry with the given index */
-		if (msg->m_index == i)
-		{
-			memset(&slruStats[i], 0, sizeof(slruStats[i]));
-			slruStats[i].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some replication slot statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetreplslotcounter(PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter *msg,
-								 int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/* Return if we don't have replication slot statistics */
-	if (replSlotStatHash == NULL)
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			ereport(LOG,
+					(errcode_for_file_access(),
+					 errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
+							statfile)));
+		pgstat_reset_after_failure(ts);
 		return;
-
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	if (msg->clearall)
-	{
-		HASH_SEQ_STATUS sstat;
-
-		hash_seq_init(&sstat, replSlotStatHash);
-		while ((slotent = (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *) hash_seq_search(&sstat)) != NULL)
-			pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, ts);
 	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Get the slot statistics to reset */
-		slotent = pgstat_get_replslot_entry(msg->m_slotname, false);
-
-		/*
-		 * Nothing to do if the given slot entry is not found.  This could
-		 * happen when the slot with the given name is removed and the
-		 * corresponding statistics entry is also removed before receiving the
-		 * reset message.
-		 */
-		if (!slotent)
-			return;
-
-		/* Reset the stats for the requested replication slot */
-		pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, ts);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Reset some subscription statistics of the cluster.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_resetsubcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-	TimestampTz ts;
-
-	/* Return if we don't have replication subscription statistics */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	if (!OidIsValid(msg->m_subid))
-	{
-		HASH_SEQ_STATUS sstat;
-
-		/* Clear all subscription counters */
-		hash_seq_init(&sstat, subscriptionStatHash);
-		while ((subentry = (PgStat_StatSubEntry *) hash_seq_search(&sstat)) != NULL)
-			pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, ts);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Get the subscription statistics to reset */
-		subentry = pgstat_get_subscription_entry(msg->m_subid, false);
-
-		/*
-		 * Nothing to do if the given subscription entry is not found.  This
-		 * could happen when the subscription with the subid is removed and
-		 * the corresponding statistics entry is also removed before receiving
-		 * the reset message.
-		 */
-		if (!subentry)
-			return;
-
-		/* Reset the stats for the requested subscription */
-		pgstat_reset_subscription(subentry, ts);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process an autovacuum signaling message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	/*
-	 * Store the last autovacuum time in the database's hashtable entry.
+	 * Verify it's of the expected format.
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->last_autovac_time = msg->m_start_time;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a VACUUM message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &format_id) ||
+		format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
+		goto error;
 
 	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
+	 * XXX: The following could now be generalized to just iterate over
+	 * pgstat_kind_infos instead of knowing about the different kinds of
+	 * stats.
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
 
 	/*
-	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
-	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
-	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
-	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
-	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
-	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
-	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
-	 * stragglers.
+	 * Read archiver stats struct
 	 */
-	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
-
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
-	{
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
-		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process an ANALYZE message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->archiver.stats))
+		goto error;
 
 	/*
-	 * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
+	 * Read bgwriter stats struct
 	 */
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
-
-	tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
-	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->bgwriter.stats))
+		goto error;
 
 	/*
-	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
-	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
-	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
+	 * Read checkpointer stats struct
 	 */
-	if (msg->m_resetcounter)
-		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->checkpointer.stats))
+		goto error;
 
-	if (msg->m_autovacuum)
+	/*
+	 * Read SLRU stats struct
+	 */
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->slru.stats))
+		goto error;
+
+	/*
+	 * Read WAL stats struct
+	 */
+	if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &shmem->wal.stats))
+		goto error;
+
+	/*
+	 * We found an existing statistics file. Read it and put all the hash
+	 * table entries into place.
+	 */
+	for (;;)
 	{
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
-		tabentry->analyze_count++;
-	}
-}
+		char		t = fgetc(fpin);
 
-/*
- * Process a ARCHIVER message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_failed)
-	{
-		/* Failed archival attempt */
-		++archiverStats.failed_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_failed_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_failed_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_failed_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		/* Successful archival operation */
-		++archiverStats.archived_count;
-		memcpy(archiverStats.last_archived_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-			   sizeof(archiverStats.last_archived_wal));
-		archiverStats.last_archived_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a BGWRITER message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_written_clean += msg->m_buf_written_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.maxwritten_clean += msg->m_maxwritten_clean;
-	globalStats.bgwriter.buf_alloc += msg->m_buf_alloc;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a CHECKPOINTER message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checkpointer(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer *msg, int len)
-{
-	globalStats.checkpointer.timed_checkpoints += msg->m_timed_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.requested_checkpoints += msg->m_requested_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_write_time += msg->m_checkpoint_write_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.checkpoint_sync_time += msg->m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_checkpoints += msg->m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_written_backend += msg->m_buf_written_backend;
-	globalStats.checkpointer.buf_fsync_backend += msg->m_buf_fsync_backend;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a WAL message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_wal(PgStat_MsgWal *msg, int len)
-{
-	walStats.wal_records += msg->m_wal_records;
-	walStats.wal_fpi += msg->m_wal_fpi;
-	walStats.wal_bytes += msg->m_wal_bytes;
-	walStats.wal_buffers_full += msg->m_wal_buffers_full;
-	walStats.wal_write += msg->m_wal_write;
-	walStats.wal_sync += msg->m_wal_sync;
-	walStats.wal_write_time += msg->m_wal_write_time;
-	walStats.wal_sync_time += msg->m_wal_sync_time;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a SLRU message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_slru(PgStat_MsgSLRU *msg, int len)
-{
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_zeroed += msg->m_blocks_zeroed;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_hit += msg->m_blocks_hit;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_read += msg->m_blocks_read;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_written += msg->m_blocks_written;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].blocks_exists += msg->m_blocks_exists;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].flush += msg->m_flush;
-	slruStats[msg->m_index].truncate += msg->m_truncate;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a RECOVERYCONFLICT message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	switch (msg->m_reason)
-	{
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
-
-			/*
-			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
-			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
-			 */
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
-			break;
-		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
-			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
-			break;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a DEADLOCK message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_deadlocks++;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a CHECKSUMFAILURE message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_checksum_failure(PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_checksum_failures += msg->m_failurecount;
-	dbentry->last_checksum_failure = msg->m_failure_time;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a REPLSLOT message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_replslot(PgStat_MsgReplSlot *msg, int len)
-{
-	if (msg->m_drop)
-	{
-		Assert(!msg->m_create);
-
-		/* Remove the replication slot statistics with the given name */
-		if (replSlotStatHash != NULL)
-			(void) hash_search(replSlotStatHash,
-							   (void *) &(msg->m_slotname),
-							   HASH_REMOVE,
-							   NULL);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *slotent;
-
-		slotent = pgstat_get_replslot_entry(msg->m_slotname, true);
-		Assert(slotent);
-
-		if (msg->m_create)
+		switch (t)
 		{
-			/*
-			 * If the message for dropping the slot with the same name gets
-			 * lost, slotent has stats for the old slot. So we initialize all
-			 * counters at slot creation.
-			 */
-			pgstat_reset_replslot(slotent, 0);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/* Update the replication slot statistics */
-			slotent->spill_txns += msg->m_spill_txns;
-			slotent->spill_count += msg->m_spill_count;
-			slotent->spill_bytes += msg->m_spill_bytes;
-			slotent->stream_txns += msg->m_stream_txns;
-			slotent->stream_count += msg->m_stream_count;
-			slotent->stream_bytes += msg->m_stream_bytes;
-			slotent->total_txns += msg->m_total_txns;
-			slotent->total_bytes += msg->m_total_bytes;
+			case 'S':
+			case 'N':
+				{
+					PgStat_HashKey key;
+					PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+					PgStatShared_Common *header;
+
+					CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+					if (t == 'S')
+					{
+						/* normal stats entry, identified by PgStat_HashKey */
+						if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &key))
+							goto error;
+
+						if (!pgstat_kind_valid(key.kind))
+							goto error;
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						/* stats entry identified by name on disk (e.g. slots) */
+						const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = NULL;
+						PgStat_Kind kind;
+						NameData	name;
+
+						if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &kind))
+							goto error;
+						if (!read_chunk_s(fpin, &name))
+							goto error;
+						if (!pgstat_kind_valid(kind))
+							goto error;
+
+						kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+						if (!kind_info->from_serialized_name)
+							goto error;
+
+						if (!kind_info->from_serialized_name(&name, &key))
+						{
+							/* skip over data for entry we don't care about */
+							if (fseek(fpin, shared_stat_entry_len(kind), SEEK_CUR) != 0)
+							{
+								elog(LOG, "couldn't seek");
+								goto error;
+							}
+
+							continue;
+						}
+
+						Assert(key.kind == kind);
+					}
+
+					/*
+					 * This intentionally doesn't use pgstat_get_entry_ref() -
+					 * putting all stats into checkpointer's
+					 * pgStatEntryRefHash would be wasted effort and memory.
+					 */
+					p = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, &found);
+
+					/* don't allow duplicate entries */
+					if (found)
+					{
+						dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, p);
+						elog(WARNING, "found duplicate stats entry %d/%u/%u",
+							 key.kind, key.dboid, key.objoid);
+						goto error;
+					}
+
+					header = pgstat_init_entry(key.kind, p);
+					dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, p);
+
+					if (!read_chunk(fpin,
+									shared_stat_entry_data(key.kind, header),
+									shared_stat_entry_len(key.kind)))
+						goto error;
+
+					break;
+				}
+			case 'E':
+				goto done;
+
+			default:
+				goto error;
 		}
 	}
+
+done:
+	FreeFile(fpin);
+
+	elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+	unlink(statfile);
+
+	return;
+
+error:
+	ereport(LOG,
+			(errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
+
+	/* Set the current timestamp as reset timestamp */
+	pgstat_reset_after_failure(ts);
+
+	goto done;
 }
 
 /*
- * Process a CONNECT message.
+ * Helper to reset / drop stats after restoring stats from disk failed,
+ * potentially after already loading parts.
  */
 static void
-pgstat_recv_connect(PgStat_MsgConnect *msg, int len)
+pgstat_reset_after_failure(TimestampTz ts)
 {
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-	dbentry->n_sessions++;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a DISCONNECT message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_disconnect(PgStat_MsgDisconnect *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	switch (msg->m_cause)
+	/* reset fixed-numbered stats */
+	for (int kind = PGSTAT_KIND_FIRST; kind <= PGSTAT_KIND_LAST; kind++)
 	{
-		case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
-		case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
-			/* we don't collect these */
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
-			break;
-		case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
-			dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
-			break;
+		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+
+		if (!kind_info->fixed_amount)
+			continue;
+
+		kind_info->reset_all_cb(ts);
 	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a TEMPFILE message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	dbentry->n_temp_bytes += msg->m_filesize;
-	dbentry->n_temp_files += 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Count what the backend has done.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_FunctionEntry *funcmsg = &(msg->m_entry[0]);
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
-	int			i;
-	bool		found;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++, funcmsg++)
-	{
-		funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-														 (void *) &(funcmsg->f_id),
-														 HASH_ENTER, &found);
-
-		if (!found)
-		{
-			/*
-			 * If it's a new function entry, initialize counters to the values
-			 * we just got.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls = funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time = funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time = funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise add the values to the existing entry.
-			 */
-			funcentry->f_numcalls += funcmsg->f_numcalls;
-			funcentry->f_total_time += funcmsg->f_total_time;
-			funcentry->f_self_time += funcmsg->f_self_time;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Arrange for dead function removal.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-	int			i;
-
-	dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
-	/*
-	 * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
-	 */
-	if (!dbentry || !dbentry->functions)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Process all function entries in the message.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
-	{
-		/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-		(void) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-						   (void *) &(msg->m_functionid[i]),
-						   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a SUBSCRIPTIONDROP message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_subscription_drop(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop *msg, int len)
-{
-	/* Return if we don't have replication subscription statistics */
-	if (subscriptionStatHash == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not */
-	(void) hash_search(subscriptionStatHash, (void *) &(msg->m_subid),
-					   HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a SUBSCRIPTIONERROR message.
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_subscription_error(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError *msg, int len)
-{
-	PgStat_StatSubEntry *subentry;
-
-	/* Get the subscription stats */
-	subentry = pgstat_get_subscription_entry(msg->m_subid, true);
-	Assert(subentry);
-
-	if (msg->m_is_apply_error)
-		subentry->apply_error_count++;
-	else
-		subentry->sync_error_count++;
+
+	/* and drop variable-numbered ones */
+	pgstat_drop_all_entries();
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
index 80bb2695998..4dc1a5f1db3 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
@@ -255,7 +255,6 @@ static pid_t StartupPID = 0,
 			WalReceiverPID = 0,
 			AutoVacPID = 0,
 			PgArchPID = 0,
-			PgStatPID = 0,
 			SysLoggerPID = 0;
 
 /* Startup process's status */
@@ -517,7 +516,6 @@ typedef struct
 	PGPROC	   *AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PGPROC	   *PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-	InheritableSocket pgStatSock;
 	pid_t		PostmasterPid;
 	TimestampTz PgStartTime;
 	TimestampTz PgReloadTime;
@@ -652,9 +650,8 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 * CAUTION: when changing this list, check for side-effects on the signal
 	 * handling setup of child processes.  See tcop/postgres.c,
 	 * bootstrap/bootstrap.c, postmaster/bgwriter.c, postmaster/walwriter.c,
-	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/pgstat.c,
-	 * postmaster/syslogger.c, postmaster/bgworker.c and
-	 * postmaster/checkpointer.c.
+	 * postmaster/autovacuum.c, postmaster/pgarch.c, postmaster/syslogger.c,
+	 * postmaster/bgworker.c and postmaster/checkpointer.c.
 	 */
 	pqinitmask();
 	PG_SETMASK(&BlockSig);
@@ -1391,12 +1388,6 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 */
 	RemovePgTempFiles();
 
-	/*
-	 * Initialize stats collection subsystem (this does NOT start the
-	 * collector process!)
-	 */
-	pgstat_init();
-
 	/*
 	 * Initialize the autovacuum subsystem (again, no process start yet)
 	 */
@@ -1852,11 +1843,6 @@ ServerLoop(void)
 				start_autovac_launcher = false; /* signal processed */
 		}
 
-		/* If we have lost the stats collector, try to start a new one */
-		if (PgStatPID == 0 &&
-			(pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY))
-			PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		/* If we have lost the archiver, try to start a new one. */
 		if (PgArchPID == 0 && PgArchStartupAllowed())
 			PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
@@ -2791,8 +2777,6 @@ SIGHUP_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGHUP);
 		if (SysLoggerPID != 0)
 			signal_child(SysLoggerPID, SIGHUP);
-		if (PgStatPID != 0)
-			signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGHUP);
 
 		/* Reload authentication config files too */
 		if (!load_hba())
@@ -3121,8 +3105,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				AutoVacPID = StartAutoVacLauncher();
 			if (PgArchStartupAllowed() && PgArchPID == 0)
 				PgArchPID = StartArchiver();
-			if (PgStatPID == 0)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
 
 			/* workers may be scheduled to start now */
 			maybe_start_bgworkers();
@@ -3189,13 +3171,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 				SignalChildren(SIGUSR2);
 
 				pmState = PM_SHUTDOWN_2;
-
-				/*
-				 * We can also shut down the stats collector now; there's
-				 * nothing left for it to do.
-				 */
-				if (PgStatPID != 0)
-					signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -3274,22 +3249,6 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * Was it the statistics collector?  If so, just try to start a new
-		 * one; no need to force reset of the rest of the system.  (If fail,
-		 * we'll try again in future cycles of the main loop.)
-		 */
-		if (pid == PgStatPID)
-		{
-			PgStatPID = 0;
-			if (!EXIT_STATUS_0(exitstatus))
-				LogChildExit(LOG, _("statistics collector process"),
-							 pid, exitstatus);
-			if (pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY)
-				PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-			continue;
-		}
-
 		/* Was it the system logger?  If so, try to start a new one */
 		if (pid == SysLoggerPID)
 		{
@@ -3731,22 +3690,6 @@ HandleChildCrash(int pid, int exitstatus, const char *procname)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, (SendStop ? SIGSTOP : SIGQUIT));
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Force a power-cycle of the pgstat process too.  (This isn't absolutely
-	 * necessary, but it seems like a good idea for robustness, and it
-	 * simplifies the state-machine logic in the case where a shutdown request
-	 * arrives during crash processing.)
-	 */
-	if (PgStatPID != 0 && take_action)
-	{
-		ereport(DEBUG2,
-				(errmsg_internal("sending %s to process %d",
-								 "SIGQUIT",
-								 (int) PgStatPID)));
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
-		allow_immediate_pgstat_restart();
-	}
-
 	/* We do NOT restart the syslogger */
 
 	if (Shutdown != ImmediateShutdown)
@@ -3968,12 +3911,10 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 					FatalError = true;
 					pmState = PM_WAIT_DEAD_END;
 
-					/* Kill the walsenders, archiver and stats collector too */
+					/* Kill the walsenders and archiver too */
 					SignalChildren(SIGQUIT);
 					if (PgArchPID != 0)
 						signal_child(PgArchPID, SIGQUIT);
-					if (PgStatPID != 0)
-						signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -3997,8 +3938,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 	{
 		/*
 		 * PM_WAIT_DEAD_END state ends when the BackendList is entirely empty
-		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiver and stats
-		 * collector are gone too.
+		 * (ie, no dead_end children remain), and the archiver is gone too.
 		 *
 		 * The reason we wait for those two is to protect them against a new
 		 * postmaster starting conflicting subprocesses; this isn't an
@@ -4008,8 +3948,7 @@ PostmasterStateMachine(void)
 		 * normal state transition leading up to PM_WAIT_DEAD_END, or during
 		 * FatalError processing.
 		 */
-		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) &&
-			PgArchPID == 0 && PgStatPID == 0)
+		if (dlist_is_empty(&BackendList) && PgArchPID == 0)
 		{
 			/* These other guys should be dead already */
 			Assert(StartupPID == 0);
@@ -4229,8 +4168,6 @@ TerminateChildren(int signal)
 		signal_child(AutoVacPID, signal);
 	if (PgArchPID != 0)
 		signal_child(PgArchPID, signal);
-	if (PgStatPID != 0)
-		signal_child(PgStatPID, signal);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5162,12 +5099,6 @@ SubPostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 		StartBackgroundWorker();
 	}
-	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forkcol") == 0)
-	{
-		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
-
-		PgstatCollectorMain(argc, argv);	/* does not return */
-	}
 	if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forklog") == 0)
 	{
 		/* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
@@ -5271,12 +5202,6 @@ sigusr1_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 	if (CheckPostmasterSignal(PMSIGNAL_BEGIN_HOT_STANDBY) &&
 		pmState == PM_RECOVERY && Shutdown == NoShutdown)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Likewise, start other special children as needed.
-		 */
-		Assert(PgStatPID == 0);
-		PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
-
 		ereport(LOG,
 				(errmsg("database system is ready to accept read-only connections")));
 
@@ -6192,7 +6117,6 @@ extern slock_t *ShmemLock;
 extern slock_t *ProcStructLock;
 extern PGPROC *AuxiliaryProcs;
 extern PMSignalData *PMSignalState;
-extern pgsocket pgStatSock;
 extern pg_time_t first_syslogger_file_time;
 
 #ifndef WIN32
@@ -6248,8 +6172,6 @@ save_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port,
 	param->AuxiliaryProcs = AuxiliaryProcs;
 	param->PreparedXactProcs = PreparedXactProcs;
 	param->PMSignalState = PMSignalState;
-	if (!write_inheritable_socket(&param->pgStatSock, pgStatSock, childPid))
-		return false;
 
 	param->PostmasterPid = PostmasterPid;
 	param->PgStartTime = PgStartTime;
@@ -6483,7 +6405,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	AuxiliaryProcs = param->AuxiliaryProcs;
 	PreparedXactProcs = param->PreparedXactProcs;
 	PMSignalState = param->PMSignalState;
-	read_inheritable_socket(&pgStatSock, &param->pgStatSock);
 
 	PostmasterPid = param->PostmasterPid;
 	PgStartTime = param->PgStartTime;
@@ -6522,8 +6443,6 @@ restore_backend_variables(BackendParameters *param, Port *port)
 	if (postmaster_alive_fds[1] >= 0)
 		ReserveExternalFD();
 #endif
-	if (pgStatSock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		ReserveExternalFD();
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
index 656ec8f5555..30e33dace33 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/logical.c
@@ -1911,7 +1911,6 @@ UpdateDecodingStats(LogicalDecodingContext *ctx)
 		 (long long) rb->totalTxns,
 		 (long long) rb->totalBytes);
 
-	namestrcpy(&repSlotStat.slotname, NameStr(ctx->slot->data.name));
 	repSlotStat.spill_txns = rb->spillTxns;
 	repSlotStat.spill_count = rb->spillCount;
 	repSlotStat.spill_bytes = rb->spillBytes;
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c
index 697fb23634c..b2cb31eaad7 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/tablesync.c
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ finish_sync_worker(void)
 	if (IsTransactionState())
 	{
 		CommitTransactionCommand();
-		pgstat_report_stat(false);
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
 	}
 
 	/* And flush all writes. */
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ process_syncing_tables_for_apply(XLogRecPtr current_lsn)
 	if (started_tx)
 	{
 		CommitTransactionCommand();
-		pgstat_report_stat(false);
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1386,7 +1386,7 @@ LogicalRepSyncTableStart(XLogRecPtr *origin_startpos)
 							   MyLogicalRepWorker->relstate,
 							   MyLogicalRepWorker->relstate_lsn);
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
-	pgstat_report_stat(false);
+	pgstat_report_stat(true);
 
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
@@ -1630,7 +1630,7 @@ AllTablesyncsReady(void)
 	if (started_tx)
 	{
 		CommitTransactionCommand();
-		pgstat_report_stat(false);
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
 	}
 
 	/*
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
index f3868b3e1f8..7ade49652e7 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
@@ -2937,6 +2937,12 @@ LogicalRepApplyLoop(XLogRecPtr last_received)
 			}
 
 			send_feedback(last_received, requestReply, requestReply);
+
+			/*
+			 * Force reporting to ensure long idle periods don't lead to
+			 * arbitrarily delayed stats.
+			 */
+			pgstat_report_stat(true);
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/slot.c b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
index 5d3b3fe6db6..9979173953e 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/slot.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/slot.c
@@ -499,6 +499,14 @@ retry:
 
 	/* We made this slot active, so it's ours now. */
 	MyReplicationSlot = s;
+
+	/*
+	 * The call to pgstat_acquire_replslot() protects against stats for
+	 * a different slot, from before a restart or such, being present during
+	 * pgstat_report_replslot().
+	 */
+	if (SlotIsLogical(s))
+		pgstat_acquire_replslot(s);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -743,23 +751,13 @@ ReplicationSlotDropPtr(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 	elog(DEBUG3, "replication slot drop: %s: removed directory", NameStr(slot->data.name));
 
 	/*
-	 * Send a message to drop the replication slot to the stats collector.
-	 * Since there is no guarantee of the order of message transfer on a UDP
-	 * connection, it's possible that a message for creating a new slot
-	 * reaches before a message for removing the old slot. We send the drop
-	 * and create messages while holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock to
-	 * reduce that possibility. If the messages reached in reverse, we would
-	 * lose one statistics update message. But the next update message will
-	 * create the statistics for the replication slot.
-	 *
-	 * XXX In case, the messages for creation and drop slot of the same name
-	 * get lost and create happens before (auto)vacuum cleans up the dead
-	 * slot, the stats will be accumulated into the old slot. One can imagine
-	 * having OIDs for each slot to avoid the accumulation of stats but that
-	 * doesn't seem worth doing as in practice this won't happen frequently.
+	 * Drop the statistics entry for the replication slot.  Do this while
+	 * holding ReplicationSlotAllocationLock so that we don't drop a
+	 * statistics entry for another slot with the same name just created in
+	 * another session.
 	 */
 	if (SlotIsLogical(slot))
-		pgstat_drop_replslot(NameStr(slot->data.name));
+		pgstat_drop_replslot(slot);
 
 	/*
 	 * We release this at the very end, so that nobody starts trying to create
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
index d73a40c1bc6..f80f90ac3cc 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c
@@ -2151,7 +2151,7 @@ BufferSync(int flags)
 			if (SyncOneBuffer(buf_id, false, &wb_context) & BUF_WRITTEN)
 			{
 				TRACE_POSTGRESQL_BUFFER_SYNC_WRITTEN(buf_id);
-				PendingCheckpointerStats.m_buf_written_checkpoints++;
+				PendingCheckpointerStats.buf_written_checkpoints++;
 				num_written++;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2261,7 +2261,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 	strategy_buf_id = StrategySyncStart(&strategy_passes, &recent_alloc);
 
 	/* Report buffer alloc counts to pgstat */
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_alloc += recent_alloc;
 
 	/*
 	 * If we're not running the LRU scan, just stop after doing the stats
@@ -2451,7 +2451,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 			if (++num_written >= bgwriter_lru_maxpages)
 			{
-				PendingBgWriterStats.m_maxwritten_clean++;
+				PendingBgWriterStats.maxwritten_clean++;
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2459,7 +2459,7 @@ BgBufferSync(WritebackContext *wb_context)
 			reusable_buffers++;
 	}
 
-	PendingBgWriterStats.m_buf_written_clean += num_written;
+	PendingBgWriterStats.buf_written_clean += num_written;
 
 #ifdef BGW_DEBUG
 	elog(DEBUG1, "bgwriter: recent_alloc=%u smoothed=%.2f delta=%ld ahead=%d density=%.2f reusable_est=%d upcoming_est=%d scanned=%d wrote=%d reusable=%d",
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
index cd4ebe2fc5e..88ff59c568f 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ CalculateShmemSize(int *num_semaphores)
 	size = add_size(size, BTreeShmemSize());
 	size = add_size(size, SyncScanShmemSize());
 	size = add_size(size, AsyncShmemSize());
+	size = add_size(size, StatsShmemSize());
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 	size = add_size(size, ShmemBackendArraySize());
 #endif
@@ -296,6 +297,7 @@ CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(void)
 	BTreeShmemInit();
 	SyncScanShmemInit();
 	AsyncShmemInit();
+	StatsShmemInit();
 
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
index 8f7f1b2f7c3..c24779d0bbd 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
@@ -176,7 +176,13 @@ static const char *const BuiltinTrancheNames[] = {
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND: */
 	"ParallelAppend",
 	/* LWTRANCHE_PER_XACT_PREDICATE_LIST: */
-	"PerXactPredicateList"
+	"PerXactPredicateList",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DSA: */
+	"PgStatsDSA",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_HASH: */
+	"PgStatsHash",
+	/* LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA: */
+	"PgStatsData",
 };
 
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(BuiltinTrancheNames) ==
diff --git a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
index 260b650f15f..bc7bdf8064c 100644
--- a/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
+++ b/src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
@@ -3380,6 +3380,12 @@ ProcessInterrupts(void)
 
 	if (LogMemoryContextPending)
 		ProcessLogMemoryContextInterrupt();
+
+	if (IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending)
+	{
+		IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -4044,6 +4050,7 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 	volatile bool send_ready_for_query = true;
 	bool		idle_in_transaction_timeout_enabled = false;
 	bool		idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
+	bool		idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
 
 	AssertArg(dbname != NULL);
 	AssertArg(username != NULL);
@@ -4407,6 +4414,8 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 			}
 			else
 			{
+				long stats_timeout;
+
 				/*
 				 * Process incoming notifies (including self-notifies), if
 				 * any, and send relevant messages to the client.  Doing it
@@ -4417,7 +4426,14 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 				if (notifyInterruptPending)
 					ProcessNotifyInterrupt(false);
 
-				pgstat_report_stat(false);
+				/* Start the idle-stats-update timer */
+				stats_timeout = pgstat_report_stat(false);
+				if (stats_timeout > 0)
+				{
+					idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = true;
+					enable_timeout_after(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+										 stats_timeout);
+				}
 
 				set_ps_display("idle");
 				pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
@@ -4452,9 +4468,9 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 		firstchar = ReadCommand(&input_message);
 
 		/*
-		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction and idle-session timeouts, if
-		 * active.  We do this before step (5) so that any last-moment timeout
-		 * is certain to be detected in step (5).
+		 * (4) turn off the idle-in-transaction, idle-session and
+		 * idle-stats-update timeouts if active.  We do this before step (5) so
+		 * that any last-moment timeout is certain to be detected in step (5).
 		 *
 		 * At most one of these timeouts will be active, so there's no need to
 		 * worry about combining the timeout.c calls into one.
@@ -4469,6 +4485,11 @@ PostgresMain(const char *dbname, const char *username)
 			disable_timeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, false);
 			idle_session_timeout_enabled = false;
 		}
+		if (idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled)
+		{
+			disable_timeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT, false);
+			idle_stats_update_timeout_enabled = false;
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * (5) disable async signal conditions again.
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile b/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile
index 791ba68e7e3..690312308f5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/Makefile
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ OBJS = \
 	pgstat_function.o \
 	pgstat_relation.o \
 	pgstat_replslot.o \
+	pgstat_shmem.o \
 	pgstat_slru.o \
 	pgstat_subscription.o \
 	pgstat_wal.o \
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c
index 09bc12070da..65f66dd9b31 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_archiver.c
@@ -27,14 +27,85 @@
 void
 pgstat_report_archiver(const char *xlog, bool failed)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgArchiver msg;
+	PgStatShared_Archiver *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver;
+	TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ARCHIVER);
-	msg.m_failed = failed;
-	strlcpy(msg.m_xlog, xlog, sizeof(msg.m_xlog));
-	msg.m_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	changecount_before_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	if (failed)
+	{
+		++stats_shmem->stats.failed_count;
+		memcpy(&stats_shmem->stats.last_failed_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(stats_shmem->stats.last_failed_wal));
+		stats_shmem->stats.last_failed_timestamp = now;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		++stats_shmem->stats.archived_count;
+		memcpy(&stats_shmem->stats.last_archived_wal, xlog,
+			   sizeof(stats_shmem->stats.last_archived_wal));
+		stats_shmem->stats.last_archived_timestamp = now;
+	}
+
+	changecount_after_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the archiver statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_ArchiverStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_ARCHIVER);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.archiver;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Archiver *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver;
+
+	/* see explanation above PgStatShared_Archiver for the reset protocol */
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&stats_shmem->reset_offset,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+	stats_shmem->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Archiver *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats *stat_snap = &pgStatLocal.snapshot.archiver;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats *reset_offset = &stats_shmem->reset_offset;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats reset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(stat_snap,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+	if (stat_snap->archived_count == reset.archived_count)
+	{
+		stat_snap->last_archived_wal[0] = 0;
+		stat_snap->last_archived_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stat_snap->archived_count -= reset.archived_count;
+
+	if (stat_snap->failed_count == reset.failed_count)
+	{
+		stat_snap->last_failed_wal[0] = 0;
+		stat_snap->last_failed_timestamp = 0;
+	}
+	stat_snap->failed_count -= reset.failed_count;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c
index dfea88eca10..614acda1a05 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_bgwriter.c
@@ -20,12 +20,7 @@
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 
 
-/*
- * BgWriter global statistics counters.  Stored directly in a stats
- * message structure so they can be sent without needing to copy things
- * around.  We assume this init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
+PgStat_BgWriterStats PendingBgWriterStats = {0};
 
 
 /*
@@ -34,27 +29,81 @@ PgStat_MsgBgWriter PendingBgWriterStats;
 void
 pgstat_report_bgwriter(void)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgBgWriter all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_BgWriterStats all_zeroes;
 
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid unnecessarily modifying the stats entry.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgBgWriter)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingBgWriterStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(all_zeroes)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingBgWriterStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_BGWRITER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingBgWriterStats, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.changecount);
+
+#define BGWRITER_ACC(fld) pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.stats.fld += PendingBgWriterStats.fld
+	BGWRITER_ACC(buf_written_clean);
+	BGWRITER_ACC(maxwritten_clean);
+	BGWRITER_ACC(buf_alloc);
+#undef BGWRITER_ACC
+
+	changecount_after_write(&pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
 	MemSet(&PendingBgWriterStats, 0, sizeof(PendingBgWriterStats));
 }
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the bgwriter statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_BgWriterStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_bgwriter(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_BGWRITER);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter;
+
+	/* see explanation above PgStatShared_BgWriter for the reset protocol */
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&stats_shmem->reset_offset,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+	stats_shmem->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats *reset_offset = &stats_shmem->reset_offset;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats reset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+#define BGWRITER_COMP(fld) pgStatLocal.snapshot.bgwriter.fld -= reset.fld;
+	BGWRITER_COMP(buf_written_clean);
+	BGWRITER_COMP(maxwritten_clean);
+	BGWRITER_COMP(buf_alloc);
+#undef BGWRITER_COMP
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c
index 3f4e2054f55..411dbf8c374 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_checkpointer.c
@@ -20,12 +20,7 @@
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 
 
-/*
- * Checkpointer global statistics counters.  Stored directly in a stats
- * message structure so they can be sent without needing to copy things
- * around.  We assume this init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgCheckpointer PendingCheckpointerStats;
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats PendingCheckpointerStats = {0};
 
 
 /*
@@ -35,24 +30,92 @@ void
 pgstat_report_checkpointer(void)
 {
 	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgCheckpointer all_zeroes;
+	static const PgStat_CheckpointerStats all_zeroes;
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer;
+
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
 
 	/*
 	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
+	 * this case, avoid unnecessarily modifying the stats entry.
 	 */
-	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgCheckpointer)) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(&PendingCheckpointerStats, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(all_zeroes)) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
-	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&PendingCheckpointerStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKPOINTER);
-	pgstat_send(&PendingCheckpointerStats, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
+	changecount_before_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+#define CHECKPOINTER_ACC(fld) stats_shmem->stats.fld += PendingCheckpointerStats.fld
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(timed_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(requested_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(checkpoint_write_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(checkpoint_sync_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(buf_written_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(buf_written_backend);
+	CHECKPOINTER_ACC(buf_fsync_backend);
+#undef CHECKPOINTER_ACC
+
+	changecount_after_write(&stats_shmem->changecount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
 	MemSet(&PendingCheckpointerStats, 0, sizeof(PendingCheckpointerStats));
 }
+
+/*
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer() -
+ *
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the checkpointer statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_CheckpointerStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_checkpointer(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_CHECKPOINTER);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer;
+
+	/* see explanation above PgStatShared_Checkpointer for the reset protocol */
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&stats_shmem->reset_offset,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats *reset_offset = &stats_shmem->reset_offset;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset;
+
+	pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer,
+									&stats_shmem->stats,
+									sizeof(stats_shmem->stats),
+									&stats_shmem->changecount);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&reset, reset_offset, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	/* compensate by reset offsets */
+#define CHECKPOINTER_COMP(fld) pgStatLocal.snapshot.checkpointer.fld -= reset.fld;
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(timed_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(requested_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(checkpoint_write_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(checkpoint_sync_time);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(buf_written_checkpoints);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(buf_written_backend);
+	CHECKPOINTER_COMP(buf_fsync_backend);
+#undef CHECKPOINTER_COMP
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index 0f2dd956d36..2d1b4b401e1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -19,39 +19,30 @@
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
+#include "storage/procsignal.h"
 
 
 static bool pgstat_should_report_connstat(void);
 
 
-int			pgStatXactCommit = 0;
-int			pgStatXactRollback = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatActiveTime = 0;
 PgStat_Counter pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
 SessionEndType pgStatSessionEndCause = DISCONNECT_NORMAL;
 
-
+static int	pgStatXactCommit = 0;
+static int	pgStatXactRollback = 0;
 static PgStat_Counter pgLastSessionReportTime = 0;
 
 
 /*
- * Tell the collector that we just dropped a database.
- * (If the message gets lost, we will still clean the dead DB eventually
- * via future invocations of pgstat_vacuum_stat().)
+ * Remove entry for the database being dropped.
  */
 void
 pgstat_drop_database(Oid databaseid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDropdb msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB);
-	msg.m_databaseid = databaseid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_drop_transactional(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, databaseid, InvalidOid);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -60,15 +51,39 @@ pgstat_drop_database(Oid databaseid)
 void
 pgstat_report_recovery_conflict(int reason)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RECOVERYCONFLICT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_reason = reason;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	switch (reason)
+	{
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_DATABASE:
+
+			/*
+			 * Since we drop the information about the database as soon as it
+			 * replicates, there is no point in counting these conflicts.
+			 */
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_TABLESPACE:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_tablespace++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_LOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_lock++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_SNAPSHOT:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_snapshot++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_BUFFERPIN:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_bufferpin++;
+			break;
+		case PROCSIG_RECOVERY_CONFLICT_STARTUP_DEADLOCK:
+			dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -77,14 +92,13 @@ pgstat_report_recovery_conflict(int reason)
 void
 pgstat_report_deadlock(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDeadlock msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DEADLOCK);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbent = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_deadlocks++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -93,17 +107,24 @@ pgstat_report_deadlock(void)
 void
 pgstat_report_checksum_failures_in_db(Oid dboid, int failurecount)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CHECKSUMFAILURE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_failurecount = failurecount;
-	msg.m_failure_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * Update the shared stats directly - checksum failures should never be
+	 * common enough for that to be a problem.
+	 */
+	entry_ref =
+		pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, dboid, InvalidOid, false);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	sharedent->stats.n_checksum_failures += failurecount;
+	sharedent->stats.last_checksum_failure = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -121,15 +142,17 @@ pgstat_report_checksum_failure(void)
 void
 pgstat_report_tempfile(size_t filesize)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgTempFile msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TEMPFILE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_filesize = filesize;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	if (filesize == 0)			/* Is there a case where filesize is really 0? */
+		return;
+
+	dbent = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbent->n_temp_bytes += filesize;	/* needs check overflow */
+	dbent->n_temp_files++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -138,16 +161,15 @@ pgstat_report_tempfile(size_t filesize)
 void
 pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgConnect msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	if (!pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 		return;
 
 	pgLastSessionReportTime = MyStartTimestamp;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_CONNECT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgConnect));
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+	dbentry->n_sessions++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -156,15 +178,42 @@ pgstat_report_connect(Oid dboid)
 void
 pgstat_report_disconnect(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgDisconnect msg;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
 	if (!pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_DISCONNECT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_cause = pgStatSessionEndCause;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgDisconnect));
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
+
+	switch (pgStatSessionEndCause)
+	{
+		case DISCONNECT_NOT_YET:
+		case DISCONNECT_NORMAL:
+			/* we don't collect these */
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_CLIENT_EOF:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_abandoned++;
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_FATAL:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_fatal++;
+			break;
+		case DISCONNECT_KILLED:
+			dbentry->n_sessions_killed++;
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one database or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
+ * that the database doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
+ * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dboid)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, dboid, InvalidOid);
 }
 
 void
@@ -185,57 +234,47 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel)
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_send_tabstat: Handle xact commit/rollback and I/O
+ * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat(): Handle xact commit/rollback and I/O
  * timings.
  */
 void
-pgstat_update_dbstats(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now)
+pgstat_update_dbstats(TimestampTz now)
 {
-	if (OidIsValid(tsmsg->m_databaseid))
-	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = pgStatXactCommit;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = pgStatXactRollback;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = pgStatBlockReadTime;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = pgStatBlockWriteTime;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-		if (pgstat_should_report_connstat())
-		{
-			long		secs;
-			int			usecs;
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(MyDatabaseId);
 
-			/*
-			 * pgLastSessionReportTime is initialized to MyStartTimestamp by
-			 * pgstat_report_connect().
-			 */
-			TimestampDifference(pgLastSessionReportTime, now, &secs, &usecs);
-			pgLastSessionReportTime = now;
-			tsmsg->m_session_time = (PgStat_Counter) secs * 1000000 + usecs;
-			tsmsg->m_active_time = pgStatActiveTime;
-			tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			tsmsg->m_session_time = 0;
-			tsmsg->m_active_time = 0;
-			tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
-		}
-		pgStatXactCommit = 0;
-		pgStatXactRollback = 0;
-		pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
-		pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
-		pgStatActiveTime = 0;
-		pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
-	}
-	else
+	/*
+	 * Accumulate xact commit/rollback and I/O timings to stats entry of the
+	 * current database.
+	 */
+	dbentry->n_xact_commit += pgStatXactCommit;
+	dbentry->n_xact_rollback += pgStatXactRollback;
+	dbentry->n_block_read_time += pgStatBlockReadTime;
+	dbentry->n_block_write_time += pgStatBlockWriteTime;
+
+	if (pgstat_should_report_connstat())
 	{
-		tsmsg->m_xact_commit = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_xact_rollback = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_read_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_block_write_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_session_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_active_time = 0;
-		tsmsg->m_idle_in_xact_time = 0;
+		long		secs;
+		int			usecs;
+
+		/*
+		 * pgLastSessionReportTime is initialized to MyStartTimestamp by
+		 * pgstat_report_connect().
+		 */
+		TimestampDifference(pgLastSessionReportTime, now, &secs, &usecs);
+		pgLastSessionReportTime = now;
+		dbentry->total_session_time += (PgStat_Counter) secs * 1000000 + usecs;
+		dbentry->total_active_time += pgStatActiveTime;
+		dbentry->total_idle_in_xact_time += pgStatTransactionIdleTime;
 	}
+
+	pgStatXactCommit = 0;
+	pgStatXactRollback = 0;
+	pgStatBlockReadTime = 0;
+	pgStatBlockWriteTime = 0;
+	pgStatActiveTime = 0;
+	pgStatTransactionIdleTime = 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -250,3 +289,111 @@ pgstat_should_report_connstat(void)
 {
 	return MyBackendType == B_BACKEND;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Find or create a local PgStat_StatDBEntry entry for dboid.
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, dboid, InvalidOid,
+										  NULL);
+
+	return entry_ref->pending;
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reset the database's reset timestamp, without resetting the contents of the
+ * database stats.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *dbref;
+	PgStatShared_Database *dbentry;
+
+	dbref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE, MyDatabaseId, InvalidOid,
+										false);
+
+	dbentry = (PgStatShared_Database *) dbref->shared_stats;
+	dbentry->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(dbref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent;
+
+	pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
+	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
+
+#define PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(item)		\
+	(sharedent)->stats.item += (pendingent)->item
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_xact_commit);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_xact_rollback);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_blocks_hit);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_returned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_fetched);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_inserted);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_updated);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_tuples_deleted);
+
+	/* last_autovac_time is reported immediately */
+	Assert(pendingent->last_autovac_time == 0);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_tablespace);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_lock);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_snapshot);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_bufferpin);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_conflict_startup_deadlock);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_bytes);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_temp_files);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_deadlocks);
+
+	/* checksum failures are reported immediately */
+	Assert(pendingent->n_checksum_failures == 0);
+	Assert(pendingent->last_checksum_failure == 0);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_block_read_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_block_write_time);
+
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_session_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_active_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(total_idle_in_xact_time);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_abandoned);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_fatal);
+	PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT(n_sessions_killed);
+#undef PGSTAT_ACCUM_DBCOUNT
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+	memset(pendingent, 0, sizeof(*pendingent));
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	((PgStatShared_Database *) header)->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index ad9879afb2a..070d04a4592 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -17,7 +17,9 @@
 
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "utils/inval.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/syscache.h"
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
@@ -28,18 +30,6 @@
 int			pgstat_track_functions = TRACK_FUNC_OFF;
 
 
-/*
- * Indicates if backend has some function stats that it hasn't yet
- * sent to the collector.
- */
-bool		have_function_stats = false;
-
-/*
- * Backends store per-function info that's waiting to be sent to the collector
- * in this hash table (indexed by function OID).
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatFunctions = NULL;
-
 /*
  * Total time charged to functions so far in the current backend.
  * We use this to help separate "self" and "other" time charges.
@@ -61,6 +51,10 @@ pgstat_create_function(Oid proid)
 
 /*
  * Ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits.
+ *
+ * NB: This is only reliable because pgstat_init_function_usage() does some
+ * extra work. If other places start emitting function stats they likely need
+ * similar logic.
  */
 void
 pgstat_drop_function(Oid proid)
@@ -78,8 +72,9 @@ void
 pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 						   PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu)
 {
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *htabent;
-	bool		found;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *pending;
+	bool		created_entry;
 
 	if (pgstat_track_functions <= fcinfo->flinfo->fn_stats)
 	{
@@ -88,29 +83,48 @@ pgstat_init_function_usage(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (!pgStatFunctions)
-	{
-		/* First time through - initialize function stat table */
-		HASHCTL		hash_ctl;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION,
+										  MyDatabaseId,
+										  fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid,
+										  &created_entry);
 
-		hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry);
-		pgStatFunctions = hash_create("Function stat entries",
-									  PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-									  &hash_ctl,
-									  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
+	/*
+	 * If no shared entry already exists, check if the function has been
+	 * deleted concurrently. This can go unnoticed until here because
+	 * executing a statement that just calls a function, does not trigger
+	 * cache invalidation processing. The reason we care about this case is
+	 * that otherwise we could create a new stats entry for an already dropped
+	 * function (for relations etc this is not possible because emitting stats
+	 * requires a lock for the relation to already have been acquired).
+	 *
+	 * It's somewhat ugly to have a behavioral difference based on
+	 * track_functions being enabled/disabled. But it seems acceptable, given
+	 * that there's already behavioral differences depending on whether the
+	 * function is the caches etc.
+	 *
+	 * For correctness it'd be sufficient to set ->dropped to true. However,
+	 * the accepted invalidation will commonly cause "low level" failures in
+	 * PL code, with an OID in the error message. Making this harder to
+	 * test...
+	 */
+	if (created_entry)
+	{
+		AcceptInvalidationMessages();
+		if (!SearchSysCacheExists1(PROCOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid)))
+		{
+			pgstat_drop_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId,
+							  fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid);
+			ereport(ERROR, errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
+					errmsg("function call to dropped function"));
+		}
 	}
 
-	/* Get the stats entry for this function, create if necessary */
-	htabent = hash_search(pgStatFunctions, &fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid,
-						  HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-		MemSet(&htabent->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
+	pending = entry_ref->pending;
 
-	fcu->fs = &htabent->f_counts;
+	fcu->fs = &pending->f_counts;
 
 	/* save stats for this function, later used to compensate for recursion */
-	fcu->save_f_total_time = htabent->f_counts.f_total_time;
+	fcu->save_f_total_time = pending->f_counts.f_total_time;
 
 	/* save current backend-wide total time */
 	fcu->save_total = total_func_time;
@@ -167,64 +181,37 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
 		fs->f_numcalls++;
 	fs->f_total_time = f_total;
 	INSTR_TIME_ADD(fs->f_self_time, f_self);
-
-	/* indicate that we have something to send */
-	have_function_stats = true;
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: populate and send a function stat message
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
+bool
+pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
 {
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
-	static const PgStat_FunctionCounts all_zeroes;
+	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *localent;
+	PgStatShared_Function *shfuncent;
 
-	PgStat_MsgFuncstat msg;
-	PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *entry;
-	HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
+	localent = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
+	shfuncent = (PgStatShared_Function *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return;
+	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCSTAT);
-	msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_nentries = 0;
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
 
-	hash_seq_init(&fstat, pgStatFunctions);
-	while ((entry = (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
-	{
-		PgStat_FunctionEntry *m_ent;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_numcalls += localent->f_counts.f_numcalls;
+	shfuncent->stats.f_total_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_total_time);
+	shfuncent->stats.f_self_time +=
+		INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(localent->f_counts.f_self_time);
 
-		/* Skip it if no counts accumulated since last time */
-		if (memcmp(&entry->f_counts, &all_zeroes,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts)) == 0)
-			continue;
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 
-		/* need to convert format of time accumulators */
-		m_ent = &msg.m_entry[msg.m_nentries];
-		m_ent->f_id = entry->f_id;
-		m_ent->f_numcalls = entry->f_counts.f_numcalls;
-		m_ent->f_total_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_total_time);
-		m_ent->f_self_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(entry->f_counts.f_self_time);
-
-		if (++msg.m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_FUNCENTRIES)
-		{
-			pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-						msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-			msg.m_nentries = 0;
-		}
-
-		/* reset the entry's counts */
-		MemSet(&entry->f_counts, 0, sizeof(PgStat_FunctionCounts));
-	}
-
-	if (msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send(&msg, offsetof(PgStat_MsgFuncstat, m_entry[0]) +
-					msg.m_nentries * sizeof(PgStat_FunctionEntry));
-
-	have_function_stats = false;
+	return true;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -235,12 +222,22 @@ pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *
 find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id)
 {
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
 
-	if (pgStatFunctions == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
 
-	return (PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *) hash_search(pgStatFunctions,
-													   (void *) &func_id,
-													   HASH_FIND, NULL);
+	if (entry_ref)
+		return entry_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one function or NULL.
+ */
+PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_FUNCTION, MyDatabaseId, func_id);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index 53080eadb89..039206e303b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 #include "access/twophase_rmgr.h"
 #include "access/xact.h"
+#include "catalog/partition.h"
 #include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
@@ -26,38 +27,6 @@
 #include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
-/*
- * Structures in which backends store per-table info that's waiting to be
- * sent to the collector.
- *
- * NOTE: once allocated, TabStatusArray structures are never moved or deleted
- * for the life of the backend.  Also, we zero out the t_id fields of the
- * contained PgStat_TableStatus structs whenever they are not actively in use.
- * This allows relcache pgstat_info pointers to be treated as long-lived data,
- * avoiding repeated searches in pgstat_relation_init() when a relation is
- * repeatedly opened during a transaction.
- */
-#define TABSTAT_QUANTUM		100 /* we alloc this many at a time */
-
-
-typedef struct TabStatusArray
-{
-	struct TabStatusArray *tsa_next;	/* link to next array, if any */
-	int			tsa_used;		/* # entries currently used */
-	PgStat_TableStatus tsa_entries[TABSTAT_QUANTUM];	/* per-table data */
-} TabStatusArray;
-
-static TabStatusArray *pgStatTabList = NULL;
-
-/*
- * pgStatTabHash entry: map from relation OID to PgStat_TableStatus pointer
- */
-typedef struct TabStatHashEntry
-{
-	Oid			t_id;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *tsa_entry;
-} TabStatHashEntry;
-
 /* Record that's written to 2PC state file when pgstat state is persisted */
 typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 {
@@ -74,27 +43,13 @@ typedef struct TwoPhasePgStatRecord
 } TwoPhasePgStatRecord;
 
 
-static PgStat_TableStatus *get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
-static void pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now);
+static PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_prep_relation_pending(Oid rel_id, bool isshared);
 static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_level);
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void pgstat_truncdrop_restore_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
 
 
-/*
- * Indicates if backend has some relation stats that it hasn't yet
- * sent to the collector.
- */
-bool		have_relation_stats;
-
-
-/*
- * Hash table for O(1) t_id -> tsa_entry lookup
- */
-static HTAB *pgStatTabHash = NULL;
-
-
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
  * CONCURRENTLY.
@@ -103,43 +58,44 @@ void
 pgstat_copy_relation_stats(Relation dst, Relation src)
 {
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *srcstats;
+	PgStatShared_Relation *dstshstats;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *dst_ref;
 
-	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(RelationGetRelid(src));
-
+	srcstats = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(src->rd_rel->relisshared,
+											  RelationGetRelid(src));
 	if (!srcstats)
 		return;
 
-	if (pgstat_relation_should_count(dst))
-	{
-		/*
-		 * XXX: temporarily this does not actually quite do what the name
-		 * says, and just copy index related fields. A subsequent commit will
-		 * do more.
-		 */
+	/*
+	 * XXX: Is it actually correct to copy all stats here? Probably fine with
+	 * current uses of stats for indexes, but what if we tracked bloat for
+	 * indexes via stats?
+	 */
+	dst_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
+										  dst->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+										  RelationGetRelid(dst),
+										  false);
 
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_numscans = srcstats->numscans;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_returned = srcstats->tuples_returned;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched = srcstats->tuples_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched = srcstats->blocks_fetched;
-		dst->pgstat_info->t_counts.t_blocks_hit = srcstats->blocks_hit;
+	dstshstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) dst_ref->shared_stats;
+	dstshstats->stats = *srcstats;
 
-		/* the data will be sent by the next pgstat_report_stat() call */
-	}
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(dst_ref);
 }
 
 /*
- * Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.
- * Called whenever a relation is opened.
+ * Initialize a relcache entry to count access statistics.  Called whenever a
+ * relation is opened.
  *
- * We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by
- * relcache.c when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived
- * data.  We can avoid repeated searches of the TabStatus arrays when the
- * same relation is touched repeatedly within a transaction.
+ * We assume that a relcache entry's pgstat_info field is zeroed by relcache.c
+ * when the relcache entry is made; thereafter it is long-lived data.
+ *
+ * This does not create a reference to a stats entry in shared memory, nor
+ * allocate memory for the pending stats. That happens in
+ * pgstat_relation_assoc().
  */
 void
 pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 {
-	Oid			rel_id = rel->rd_id;
 	char		relkind = rel->rd_rel->relkind;
 
 	/*
@@ -147,27 +103,68 @@ pgstat_relation_init(Relation rel)
 	 */
 	if (!RELKIND_HAS_STORAGE(relkind) && relkind != RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE)
 	{
+		rel->pgstat_enabled = false;
 		rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 	{
+		if (rel->pgstat_info)
+			pgstat_relation_unlink(rel);
+
 		/* We're not counting at all */
+		rel->pgstat_enabled = false;
 		rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
 		return;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * If we already set up this relation in the current transaction, nothing
-	 * to do.
-	 */
-	if (rel->pgstat_info != NULL &&
-		rel->pgstat_info->t_id == rel_id)
-		return;
+	rel->pgstat_enabled = true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare for statistics for this relation to be collected.
+ *
+ * This ensures we have a reference to the stats entry before stats can be
+ * generated. That is important because a relation drop in another connection
+ * could otherwise lead to the stats entry being dropped, which then later
+ * would get recreated when flushing stats.
+ *
+ * This is separate from pgstat_relation_init() as it is not uncommon for
+ * relcache entries to be opened without ever getting stats reported.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_relation_assoc(Relation rel)
+{
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_enabled);
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info == NULL);
 
 	/* Else find or make the PgStat_TableStatus entry, and update link */
-	rel->pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rel_id, rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+	rel->pgstat_info = pgstat_prep_relation_pending(RelationGetRelid(rel),
+													rel->rd_rel->relisshared);
+
+	/* don't allow link a stats to multiple relcache entries */
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == NULL);
+
+	/* mark this relation as the owner */
+	rel->pgstat_info->relation = rel;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Break the mutual link between a relcache entry and pending stats entry.
+ * This must be called whenever one end of the link is removed.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_relation_unlink(Relation rel)
+{
+	/* remove the link to stats info if any */
+	if (rel->pgstat_info == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	/* link sanity check */
+	Assert(rel->pgstat_info->relation == rel);
+	rel->pgstat_info->relation = NULL;
+	rel->pgstat_info = NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -187,9 +184,26 @@ pgstat_create_relation(Relation rel)
 void
 pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel)
 {
+	int			nest_level = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info = rel->pgstat_info;
+
 	pgstat_drop_transactional(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
 							  rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
 							  RelationGetRelid(rel));
+
+	/*
+	 * Transactionally set counters to 0. That ensures that accesses to
+	 * pg_stat_xact_all_tables inside the transaction show 0.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_info &&
+		pgstat_info->trans != NULL &&
+		pgstat_info->trans->nest_level == nest_level)
+	{
+		pgstat_truncdrop_save_counters(pgstat_info->trans, true);
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_inserted = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_updated = 0;
+		pgstat_info->trans->tuples_deleted = 0;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -200,16 +214,24 @@ pgstat_drop_relation(Relation rel)
 void
 pgstat_report_autovac(Oid dboid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAutovacStart msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Database *dbentry;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
+	/* can't get here in single user mode */
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster);
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_AUTOVAC_START);
-	msg.m_databaseid = dboid;
-	msg.m_start_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+	/*
+	 * End-of-vacuum is reported instantly. Report the start the same way for
+	 * consistency. Vacuum doesn't run frequently and is a long-lasting
+	 * operation so it doesn't matter if we get blocked here a little.
+	 */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE,
+											dboid, InvalidOid, false);
 
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	dbentry = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	dbentry->stats.last_autovac_time = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -219,19 +241,52 @@ void
 pgstat_report_vacuum(Oid tableoid, bool shared,
 					 PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgVacuum msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Relation *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+	TimestampTz ts;
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_VACUUM);
-	msg.m_databaseid = shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = tableoid;
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_vacuumtime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* Store the data in the table's hash table entry. */
+	ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	/* block acquiring lock for the same reason as pgstat_report_autovac() */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
+											dboid, tableoid, false);
+
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
+
+	/*
+	 * It is quite possible that a non-aggressive VACUUM ended up skipping
+	 * various pages, however, we'll zero the insert counter here regardless.
+	 * It's currently used only to track when we need to perform an "insert"
+	 * autovacuum, which are mainly intended to freeze newly inserted tuples.
+	 * Zeroing this may just mean we'll not try to vacuum the table again
+	 * until enough tuples have been inserted to trigger another insert
+	 * autovacuum.  An anti-wraparound autovacuum will catch any persistent
+	 * stragglers.
+	 */
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
+
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
+	{
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = ts;
+		tabentry->vacuum_count++;
+	}
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -245,9 +300,12 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 					  PgStat_Counter livetuples, PgStat_Counter deadtuples,
 					  bool resetcounter)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgAnalyze msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_Relation *shtabentry;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+	Oid			dboid = (rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET || !pgstat_track_counts)
+	if (!pgstat_track_counts)
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -279,15 +337,39 @@ pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 		deadtuples = Max(deadtuples, 0);
 	}
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_ANALYZE);
-	msg.m_databaseid = rel->rd_rel->relisshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId;
-	msg.m_tableoid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
-	msg.m_autovacuum = IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess();
-	msg.m_resetcounter = resetcounter;
-	msg.m_analyzetime = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-	msg.m_live_tuples = livetuples;
-	msg.m_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* block acquiring lock for the same reason as pgstat_report_autovac() */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, dboid,
+											RelationGetRelid(rel),
+											false);
+	/* can't get dropped while accessed */
+	Assert(entry_ref != NULL && entry_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
+
+	shtabentry = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	tabentry = &shtabentry->stats;
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = livetuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = deadtuples;
+
+	/*
+	 * If commanded, reset changes_since_analyze to zero.  This forgets any
+	 * changes that were committed while the ANALYZE was in progress, but we
+	 * have no good way to estimate how many of those there were.
+	 */
+	if (resetcounter)
+		tabentry->changes_since_analyze = 0;
+
+	if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
+	{
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->autovac_analyze_count++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		tabentry->analyze_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+		tabentry->analyze_count++;
+	}
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -376,30 +458,61 @@ pgstat_update_heap_dead_tuples(Relation rel, int delta)
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one table or NULL. NULL doesn't mean
+ * that the table doesn't exist, just that there are no statistics, so the
+ * caller is better off to report ZERO instead.
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
+{
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(false, relid);
+	if (tabentry != NULL)
+		return tabentry;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
+	 */
+	tabentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(true, relid);
+	return tabentry;
+}
+
+/*
+ * More efficient version of pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(), allowing to specify
+ * whether the to-be-accessed table is a shared relation or not.
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry_ext(bool shared, Oid reloid)
+{
+	Oid			dboid = (shared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId);
+
+	return (PgStat_StatTabEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, dboid, reloid);
+}
+
 /*
  * find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
  *
- * If no entry, return NULL, don't create a new one
+ * Find any existing PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel_id in the current
+ * database. If not found, try finding from shared tables.
  *
- * Note: if we got an error in the most recent execution of pgstat_report_stat,
- * it's possible that an entry exists but there's no hashtable entry for it.
- * That's okay, we'll treat this case as "doesn't exist".
+ * If no entry found, return NULL, don't create a new one
  */
 PgStat_TableStatus *
 find_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id)
 {
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
 
-	/* If hashtable doesn't exist, there are no entries at all */
-	if (!pgStatTabHash)
-		return NULL;
+	entry_ref = pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, MyDatabaseId, rel_id);
+	if (!entry_ref)
+		entry_ref = pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION, InvalidOid, rel_id);
 
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_FIND, NULL);
-	if (!hash_entry)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* Note that this step could also return NULL, but that's correct */
-	return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
+	if (entry_ref)
+		return entry_ref->pending;
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -556,7 +669,7 @@ AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state)
 
 	for (trans = xact_state->first; trans != NULL; trans = trans->next)
 	{
-		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat;
+		PgStat_TableStatus *tabstat PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
 		TwoPhasePgStatRecord record;
 
 		Assert(trans->nest_level == 1);
@@ -614,7 +727,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postcommit(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_prep_relation_pending(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, commit case */
 	pgstat_info->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted += rec->tuples_inserted;
@@ -650,7 +763,7 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 	PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info;
 
 	/* Find or create a tabstat entry for the rel */
-	pgstat_info = get_tabstat_entry(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
+	pgstat_info = pgstat_prep_relation_pending(rec->t_id, rec->t_shared);
 
 	/* Same math as in AtEOXact_PgStat, abort case */
 	if (rec->t_truncdropped)
@@ -667,204 +780,117 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_report_stat: Send relation statistics
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
+ *
+ * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
+ * entry when successfully flushing.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_tabstats(TimestampTz now, bool disconnect)
+bool
+pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
 {
-	/* we assume this inits to all zeroes: */
 	static const PgStat_TableCounts all_zeroes;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat regular_msg;
-	PgStat_MsgTabstat shared_msg;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	int			i;
+	Oid			dboid;
+	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
+	PgStatShared_Relation *shtabstats;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
+
+	dboid = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
+	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
+	shtabstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
 	/*
-	 * Destroy pgStatTabHash before we start invalidating PgStat_TableEntry
-	 * entries it points to.  (Should we fail partway through the loop below,
-	 * it's okay to have removed the hashtable already --- the only
-	 * consequence is we'd get multiple entries for the same table in the
-	 * pgStatTabList, and that's safe.)
+	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
+	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
 	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash)
-		hash_destroy(pgStatTabHash);
-	pgStatTabHash = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * Scan through the TabStatusArray struct(s) to find tables that actually
-	 * have counts, and build messages to send.  We have to separate shared
-	 * relations from regular ones because the databaseid field in the message
-	 * header has to depend on that.
-	 */
-	regular_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
-	shared_msg.m_databaseid = InvalidOid;
-	regular_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-	shared_msg.m_nentries = 0;
-
-	for (tsa = pgStatTabList; tsa != NULL; tsa = tsa->tsa_next)
+	if (memcmp(&lstats->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
+			   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
 	{
-		for (i = 0; i < tsa->tsa_used; i++)
-		{
-			PgStat_TableStatus *entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[i];
-			PgStat_MsgTabstat *this_msg;
-			PgStat_TableEntry *this_ent;
-
-			/* Shouldn't have any pending transaction-dependent counts */
-			Assert(entry->trans == NULL);
-
-			/*
-			 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such
-			 * as indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
-			 */
-			if (memcmp(&entry->t_counts, &all_zeroes,
-					   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts)) == 0)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * OK, insert data into the appropriate message, and send if full.
-			 */
-			this_msg = entry->t_shared ? &shared_msg : &regular_msg;
-			this_ent = &this_msg->m_entry[this_msg->m_nentries];
-			this_ent->t_id = entry->t_id;
-			memcpy(&this_ent->t_counts, &entry->t_counts,
-				   sizeof(PgStat_TableCounts));
-			if (++this_msg->m_nentries >= PGSTAT_NUM_TABENTRIES)
-			{
-				pgstat_send_tabstat(this_msg, now);
-				this_msg->m_nentries = 0;
-			}
-		}
-		/* zero out PgStat_TableStatus structs after use */
-		MemSet(tsa->tsa_entries, 0,
-			   tsa->tsa_used * sizeof(PgStat_TableStatus));
-		tsa->tsa_used = 0;
+		return true;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Send partial messages.  Make sure that any pending xact commit/abort
-	 * and connection stats get counted, even if there are no table stats to
-	 * send.
-	 */
-	if (regular_msg.m_nentries > 0 ||
-		pgStatXactCommit > 0 || pgStatXactRollback > 0 || disconnect)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&regular_msg, now);
-	if (shared_msg.m_nentries > 0)
-		pgstat_send_tabstat(&shared_msg, now);
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
 
-	have_relation_stats = false;
+	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
+	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
+
+	tabentry->numscans += lstats->t_counts.t_numscans;
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	tabentry->tuples_hot_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_hot_updated;
+
+	/*
+	 * If table was truncated or vacuum/analyze has ran, first reset the
+	 * live/dead counters.
+	 */
+	if (lstats->t_counts.t_truncdropped)
+	{
+		tabentry->n_live_tuples = 0;
+		tabentry->n_dead_tuples = 0;
+		tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum = 0;
+	}
+
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_live_tuples;
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples += lstats->t_counts.t_delta_dead_tuples;
+	tabentry->changes_since_analyze += lstats->t_counts.t_changed_tuples;
+	tabentry->inserts_since_vacuum += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	/* Clamp n_live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
+	/* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
+	tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+	/* The entry is successfully flushed so the same to add to database stats */
+	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
+	dbentry->n_tuples_returned += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_returned;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_inserted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_inserted;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_updated += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_updated;
+	dbentry->n_tuples_deleted += lstats->t_counts.t_tuples_deleted;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
+	dbentry->n_blocks_hit += lstats->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
+
+	return true;
 }
 
-/*
- * Subroutine for pgstat_send_tabstats: finish and send one tabstat message
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg, TimestampTz now)
+void
+pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
 {
-	int			n;
-	int			len;
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pending = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
 
-	/* It's unlikely we'd get here with no socket, but maybe not impossible */
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Report and reset accumulated xact commit/rollback and I/O timings
-	 * whenever we send a normal tabstat message
-	 */
-	pgstat_update_dbstats(tsmsg, now);
-
-	n = tsmsg->m_nentries;
-	len = offsetof(PgStat_MsgTabstat, m_entry[0]) +
-		n * sizeof(PgStat_TableEntry);
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&tsmsg->m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT);
-	pgstat_send(tsmsg, len);
+	if (pending->relation)
+		pgstat_relation_unlink(pending->relation);
 }
 
 /*
- * find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel
+ * Find or create a PgStat_TableStatus entry for rel. New entry is created and
+ * initialized if not exists.
  */
 static PgStat_TableStatus *
-get_tabstat_entry(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
+pgstat_prep_relation_pending(Oid rel_id, bool isshared)
 {
-	TabStatHashEntry *hash_entry;
-	PgStat_TableStatus *entry;
-	TabStatusArray *tsa;
-	bool		found;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStat_TableStatus *pending;
 
-	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_RELATION,
+										  isshared ? InvalidOid : MyDatabaseId,
+										  rel_id, NULL);
+	pending = entry_ref->pending;
+	pending->t_id = rel_id;
+	pending->t_shared = isshared;
 
-	have_relation_stats = true;
-
-	/*
-	 * Create hash table if we don't have it already.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabHash == NULL)
-	{
-		HASHCTL		ctl;
-
-		ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-		ctl.entrysize = sizeof(TabStatHashEntry);
-
-		pgStatTabHash = hash_create("pgstat TabStatusArray lookup hash table",
-									TABSTAT_QUANTUM,
-									&ctl,
-									HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Find an entry or create a new one.
-	 */
-	hash_entry = hash_search(pgStatTabHash, &rel_id, HASH_ENTER, &found);
-	if (!found)
-	{
-		/* initialize new entry with null pointer */
-		hash_entry->tsa_entry = NULL;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If entry is already valid, we're done.
-	 */
-	if (hash_entry->tsa_entry)
-		return hash_entry->tsa_entry;
-
-	/*
-	 * Locate the first pgStatTabList entry with free space, making a new list
-	 * entry if needed.  Note that we could get an OOM failure here, but if so
-	 * we have left the hashtable and the list in a consistent state.
-	 */
-	if (pgStatTabList == NULL)
-	{
-		/* Set up first pgStatTabList entry */
-		pgStatTabList = (TabStatusArray *)
-			MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-								   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-	}
-
-	tsa = pgStatTabList;
-	while (tsa->tsa_used >= TABSTAT_QUANTUM)
-	{
-		if (tsa->tsa_next == NULL)
-			tsa->tsa_next = (TabStatusArray *)
-				MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext,
-									   sizeof(TabStatusArray));
-		tsa = tsa->tsa_next;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Allocate a PgStat_TableStatus entry within this list entry.  We assume
-	 * the entry was already zeroed, either at creation or after last use.
-	 */
-	entry = &tsa->tsa_entries[tsa->tsa_used++];
-	entry->t_id = rel_id;
-	entry->t_shared = isshared;
-
-	/*
-	 * Now we can fill the entry in pgStatTabHash.
-	 */
-	hash_entry->tsa_entry = entry;
-
-	return entry;
+	return pending;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c
index b1e894f2b21..c8c2aaadaa5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_replslot.c
@@ -19,23 +19,20 @@
 
 #include "replication/slot.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"		/* for namestrcpy() */
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
 
 
+static int	replslot_index(const char *name);
+
+
 /*
  * Reset counters for all replication slots.
  */
 void
 pgstat_reset_replslot_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER);
-	msg.clearall = true;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -48,18 +45,10 @@ void
 pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 {
 	ReplicationSlot *slot;
-	PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter msg;
 
 	AssertArg(name != NULL);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Check if the slot exists with the given name. It is possible that by
-	 * the time this message is executed the slot is dropped but at least this
-	 * check will ensure that the given name is for a valid slot.
-	 */
+	/* Check if the slot exits with the given name. */
 	slot = SearchNamedReplicationSlot(name, true);
 
 	if (!slot)
@@ -75,10 +64,9 @@ pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 	if (SlotIsPhysical(slot))
 		return;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETREPLSLOTCOUNTER);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, name);
-	msg.clearall = false;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	/* reset this one entry */
+	pgstat_reset_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+					   ReplicationSlotIndex(slot));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -87,24 +75,34 @@ pgstat_reset_replslot_counter(const char *name)
 void
 pgstat_report_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *repSlotStat)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_ReplSlot *shstatent;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+											ReplicationSlotIndex(slot), false);
+	shstatent = (PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	statent = &shstatent->stats;
 
 	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
+	 * Any mismatch should have been fixed in pgstat_create_replslot() or
+	 * pgstat_acquire_replslot().
 	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, NameStr(repSlotStat->slotname));
-	msg.m_create = false;
-	msg.m_drop = false;
-	msg.m_spill_txns = repSlotStat->spill_txns;
-	msg.m_spill_count = repSlotStat->spill_count;
-	msg.m_spill_bytes = repSlotStat->spill_bytes;
-	msg.m_stream_txns = repSlotStat->stream_txns;
-	msg.m_stream_count = repSlotStat->stream_count;
-	msg.m_stream_bytes = repSlotStat->stream_bytes;
-	msg.m_total_txns = repSlotStat->total_txns;
-	msg.m_total_bytes = repSlotStat->total_bytes;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	Assert(namestrcmp(&statent->slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name)) == 0);
+
+	/* Update the replication slot statistics */
+#define REPLSLOT_ACC(fld) statent->fld += repSlotStat->fld
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(spill_txns);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(spill_count);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(spill_bytes);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(stream_txns);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(stream_count);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(stream_bytes);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(total_txns);
+	REPLSLOT_ACC(total_bytes);
+#undef REPLSLOT_ACC
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -116,26 +114,117 @@ pgstat_report_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot, const PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *re
 void
 pgstat_create_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_ReplSlot *shstatent;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name));
-	msg.m_create = true;
-	msg.m_drop = false;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+											ReplicationSlotIndex(slot), false);
+	shstatent = (PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * NB: need to accept that there might be stats from an older slot, e.g.
+	 * if we previously crashed after dropping a slot.
+	 */
+	memset(&shstatent->stats, 0, sizeof(shstatent->stats));
+	namestrcpy(&shstatent->stats.slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name));
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Report replication slot has been acquired.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_acquire_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStatShared_ReplSlot *shstatent;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *statent;
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+											ReplicationSlotIndex(slot), false);
+	shstatent = (PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+	statent = &shstatent->stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * NB: need to accept that there might be stats from an older slot, e.g.
+	 * if we previously crashed after dropping a slot.
+	 */
+	if (NameStr(statent->slotname)[0] == 0 ||
+		namestrcmp(&statent->slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name)) != 0)
+	{
+		memset(statent, 0, sizeof(*statent));
+		namestrcpy(&statent->slotname, NameStr(slot->data.name));
+	}
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
 }
 
 /*
  * Report replication slot drop.
  */
 void
-pgstat_drop_replslot(const char *slotname)
+pgstat_drop_replslot(ReplicationSlot *slot)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgReplSlot msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_REPLSLOT);
-	namestrcpy(&msg.m_slotname, slotname);
-	msg.m_create = false;
-	msg.m_drop = true;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgReplSlot));
+	pgstat_drop_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid,
+					  ReplicationSlotIndex(slot));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the replication slot statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_replslot(NameData slotname)
+{
+	int			idx = replslot_index(NameStr(slotname));
+
+	if (idx == -1)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return (PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT, InvalidOid, idx);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb(const PgStatShared_Common *header, NameData *name)
+{
+	namestrcpy(name, NameStr(((PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) header)->stats.slotname));
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb(const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key)
+{
+	int			idx = replslot_index(NameStr(*name));
+
+	/* slot might have been deleted */
+	if (idx == -1)
+		return false;
+
+	key->kind = PGSTAT_KIND_REPLSLOT;
+	key->dboid = InvalidOid;
+	key->objoid = idx;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	((PgStatShared_ReplSlot *) header)->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+}
+
+static int
+replslot_index(const char *name)
+{
+	ReplicationSlot *slot;
+
+	AssertArg(name != NULL);
+
+	slot = SearchNamedReplicationSlot(name, true);
+
+	if (!slot)
+		return -1;
+
+	return ReplicationSlotIndex(slot);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..17aa5071471
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1011 @@
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ * pgstat_shmem.c
+ *	  Storage of stats entries in shared memory
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *	  src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_shmem.c
+ * -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+#include "postgres.h"
+
+#include "access/transam.h"
+#include "access/xact.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
+#include "storage/shmem.h"
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
+#include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
+#include "common/hashfn.h"
+
+
+#define PGSTAT_ENTRY_REF_HASH_SIZE	128
+
+/* hash table entry for finding the PgStat_EntryRef for a key */
+typedef struct PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;			/* hash key */
+	char		status;			/* for simplehash use */
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+} PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry;
+
+
+/* for references to shared statistics entries */
+#define SH_PREFIX pgstat_entry_ref_hash
+#define SH_ELEMENT_TYPE PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry
+#define SH_KEY_TYPE PgStat_HashKey
+#define SH_KEY key
+#define SH_HASH_KEY(tb, key) \
+	hash_bytes((unsigned char *)&key, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey))
+#define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey)) == 0)
+#define SH_SCOPE static inline
+#define SH_DEFINE
+#define SH_DECLARE
+#include "lib/simplehash.h"
+
+
+static void pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid);
+
+static void pgstat_free_entry(PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent, dshash_seq_status *hstat);
+
+static void pgstat_release_entry_ref(PgStat_HashKey key, PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool discard_pending);
+static bool pgstat_need_entry_refs_gc(void);
+static void pgstat_gc_entry_refs(void);
+static void pgstat_release_all_entry_refs(bool discard_pending);
+typedef bool (*ReleaseMatchCB) (PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *, Datum data);
+static void pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs(bool discard_pending, ReleaseMatchCB match, Datum match_data);
+
+
+static void pgstat_setup_memcxt(void);
+
+
+/* parameter for the shared hash */
+static const dshash_parameters dsh_params = {
+	sizeof(PgStat_HashKey),
+	sizeof(PgStatShared_HashEntry),
+	dshash_memcmp,
+	dshash_memhash,
+	LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_HASH
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * Backend local references to shared stats entries. If there are pending
+ * updates to a stats entry, the PgStat_EntryRef is added to the pgStatPending
+ * list.
+ *
+ * When a stats entry is dropped each backend needs to release its reference
+ * to it before the memory can be released. To trigger that
+ * pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count is incremented - which each backend
+ * compares to their copy of pgStatSharedRefAge on a regular basis.
+ */
+static pgstat_entry_ref_hash_hash *pgStatEntryRefHash = NULL;
+static int	pgStatSharedRefAge = 0; /* cache age of pgStatShmLookupCache */
+
+/*
+ * Memory contexts containing the pgStatEntryRefHash table and the
+ * pgStatSharedRef entries respectively. Kept separate to make it easier to
+ * track / attribute memory usage.
+ */
+static MemoryContext pgStatSharedRefContext = NULL;
+static MemoryContext pgStatEntryRefHashContext = NULL;
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Public functions called from postmaster follow
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The size of the shared memory allocation for stats stored in the shared
+ * stats hash table. This allocation will be done as part of the main shared
+ * memory, rather than dynamic shared memory, allowing it to be initialized in
+ * postmaster.
+ */
+static Size
+pgstat_dsa_init_size(void)
+{
+	Size		sz;
+
+	/*
+	 * The dshash header / initial buckets array needs to fit into "plain"
+	 * shared memory, but it's beneficial to not need dsm segments
+	 * immediately. A size of 256kB seems works well and is not
+	 * disproportional compared to other constant sized shared memory
+	 * allocations. NB: To avoid DSMs further, the user can configure
+	 * min_dynamic_shared_memory.
+	 */
+	sz = 256 * 1024;
+	Assert(dsa_minimum_size() <= sz);
+	return MAXALIGN(sz);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compute shared memory space needed for cumulative statistics
+ */
+Size
+StatsShmemSize(void)
+{
+	Size		sz;
+
+	sz = MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStat_ShmemControl));
+	sz = add_size(sz, pgstat_dsa_init_size());
+
+	return sz;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize cumulative statistics system during startup
+ */
+void
+StatsShmemInit(void)
+{
+	bool		found;
+	Size		sz;
+
+	sz = StatsShmemSize();
+	pgStatLocal.shmem = (PgStat_ShmemControl *)
+		ShmemInitStruct("Shared Memory Stats", sz, &found);
+
+	if (!IsUnderPostmaster)
+	{
+		dsa_area   *dsa;
+		dshash_table *dsh;
+		char	   *p = (char *) pgStatLocal.shmem;
+
+		Assert(!found);
+
+		/* the allocation of pgStatLocal.shmem itself */
+		p += MAXALIGN(sizeof(PgStat_ShmemControl));
+
+		/*
+		 * Create a small dsa allocation in plain shared memory. Doing so
+		 * initially makes it easier to manage server startup, and it also is
+		 * a small efficiency win.
+		 */
+		pgStatLocal.shmem->raw_dsa_area = p;
+		p += MAXALIGN(pgstat_dsa_init_size());
+		dsa = dsa_create_in_place(pgStatLocal.shmem->raw_dsa_area,
+								  pgstat_dsa_init_size(),
+								  LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DSA, 0);
+		dsa_pin(dsa);
+
+		/*
+		 * To ensure dshash is created in "plain" shared memory, temporarily
+		 * limit size of dsa to the initial size of the dsa.
+		 */
+		dsa_set_size_limit(dsa, pgstat_dsa_init_size());
+
+		/*
+		 * With the limit in place, create the dshash table. XXX: It'd be nice
+		 * if there were dshash_create_in_place().
+		 */
+		dsh = dshash_create(dsa, &dsh_params, 0);
+		pgStatLocal.shmem->hash_handle = dshash_get_hash_table_handle(dsh);
+
+		/* lift limit set above */
+		dsa_set_size_limit(dsa, -1);
+
+		/*
+		 * Postmaster will never access these again, thus free the local
+		 * dsa/dshash references.
+		 */
+		dshash_detach(dsh);
+		dsa_detach(dsa);
+
+		pg_atomic_init_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count, 1);
+
+
+		/*
+		 * Initialize global statistics.
+		 */
+
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->archiver.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->bgwriter.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->checkpointer.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->slru.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+		LWLockInitialize(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(found);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_attach_shmem(void)
+{
+	MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.dsa == NULL);
+
+	/* stats shared memory persists for the backend lifetime */
+	oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
+
+	pgStatLocal.dsa = dsa_attach_in_place(pgStatLocal.shmem->raw_dsa_area, NULL);
+	dsa_pin_mapping(pgStatLocal.dsa);
+
+	pgStatLocal.shared_hash = dshash_attach(pgStatLocal.dsa, &dsh_params,
+											pgStatLocal.shmem->hash_handle, 0);
+
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_detach_shmem(void)
+{
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.dsa);
+
+	/* we shouldn't leave references to shared stats */
+	pgstat_release_all_entry_refs(false);
+
+	dshash_detach(pgStatLocal.shared_hash);
+	pgStatLocal.shared_hash = NULL;
+
+	dsa_detach(pgStatLocal.dsa);
+	pgStatLocal.dsa = NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Maintenance of shared memory stats entries
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+PgStatShared_Common *
+pgstat_init_entry(PgStat_Kind kind,
+				  PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent)
+{
+	/* Create new stats entry. */
+	dsa_pointer chunk;
+	PgStatShared_Common *shheader;
+
+	/*
+	 * Initialize refcount to 1, marking it as valid / not dropped. The entry
+	 * can't be freed before the initialization because it can't be found as
+	 * long as we hold the dshash partition lock. Caller needs to increase
+	 * further if a longer lived reference is needed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_init_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+	shhashent->dropped = false;
+
+	chunk = dsa_allocate0(pgStatLocal.dsa, pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_size);
+	shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, chunk);
+	shheader->magic = 0xdeadbeef;
+
+	/* Link the new entry from the hash entry. */
+	shhashent->body = chunk;
+
+	LWLockInitialize(&shheader->lock, LWTRANCHE_PGSTATS_DATA);
+
+	return shheader;
+}
+
+static PgStatShared_Common *
+pgstat_reinit_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common *shheader;
+
+	shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, shhashent->body);
+
+	/* mark as not dropped anymore */
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+	shhashent->dropped = false;
+
+	/* reinitialize content */
+	Assert(shheader->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+	memset(shheader, 0, pgstat_kind_info_for(shhashent->key.kind)->shared_size);
+	shheader->magic = 0xdeadbeef;
+
+	return shheader;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_setup_shared_refs(void)
+{
+	if (likely(pgStatEntryRefHash != NULL))
+		return;
+
+	pgStatEntryRefHash =
+		pgstat_entry_ref_hash_create(pgStatEntryRefHashContext,
+									 PGSTAT_ENTRY_REF_HASH_SIZE, NULL);
+	pgStatSharedRefAge = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count);
+	Assert(pgStatSharedRefAge != 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function for pgstat_get_entry_ref().
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref,
+						 PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent,
+						 PgStatShared_Common *shheader)
+{
+	Assert(shheader->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+	Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&shhashent->refcount) > 0);
+
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u32(&shhashent->refcount, 1);
+
+	dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shhashent);
+
+	entry_ref->shared_stats = shheader;
+	entry_ref->shared_entry = shhashent;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function for pgstat_get_entry_ref().
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_get_entry_ref_cached(PgStat_HashKey key, PgStat_EntryRef **entry_ref_p)
+{
+	bool		found;
+	PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *cache_entry;
+
+	/*
+	 * We immediately insert a cache entry, because it avoids 1) multiple
+	 * hashtable lookups in case of a cache miss 2) having to deal with
+	 * out-of-memory errors after incrementing PgStatShared_Common->refcount.
+	 */
+
+	cache_entry = pgstat_entry_ref_hash_insert(pgStatEntryRefHash, key, &found);
+
+	if (!found || !cache_entry->entry_ref)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+		cache_entry->entry_ref = entry_ref =
+			MemoryContextAlloc(pgStatSharedRefContext,
+							   sizeof(PgStat_EntryRef));
+		entry_ref->shared_stats = NULL;
+		entry_ref->shared_entry = NULL;
+		entry_ref->pending = NULL;
+
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else if (cache_entry->entry_ref->shared_stats == NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(cache_entry->entry_ref->pending == NULL);
+		found = false;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY;
+
+		entry_ref = cache_entry->entry_ref;
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_entry != NULL);
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_stats != NULL);
+
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		/* should have at least our reference */
+		Assert(pg_atomic_read_u32(&entry_ref->shared_entry->refcount) > 0);
+	}
+
+	*entry_ref_p = cache_entry->entry_ref;
+	return found;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get a shared stats reference. If create is true, the shared stats object is
+ * created if it does not exist.
+ *
+ * When create is true, and created_entry is non-NULL, it'll be set to true
+ * if the entry is newly created, false otherwise.
+ */
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_get_entry_ref(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool create,
+					 bool *created_entry)
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key = {.kind = kind,.dboid = dboid,.objoid = objoid};
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent;
+	PgStatShared_Common *shheader = NULL;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	/*
+	 * passing in created_entry only makes sense if we possibly could create
+	 * entry.
+	 */
+	AssertArg(create || created_entry == NULL);
+	pgstat_assert_is_up();
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash != NULL);
+	Assert(!pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
+
+	pgstat_setup_memcxt();
+	pgstat_setup_shared_refs();
+
+	if (created_entry != NULL)
+		*created_entry = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check if other backends dropped stats that could not be deleted because
+	 * somebody held references to it. If so, check this backend's references.
+	 * This is not expected to happen often. The location of the check is a
+	 * bit random, but this is a relatively frequently called path, so better
+	 * than most.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_need_entry_refs_gc())
+		pgstat_gc_entry_refs();
+
+	/*
+	 * First check the lookup cache hashtable in local memory. If we find a
+	 * match here we can avoid taking locks / causing contention.
+	 */
+	if (pgstat_get_entry_ref_cached(key, &entry_ref))
+		return entry_ref;
+
+	Assert(entry_ref != NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Do a lookup in the hash table first - it's quite likely that the entry
+	 * already exists, and that way we only need a shared lock.
+	 */
+	shhashent = dshash_find(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, false);
+
+	if (create && !shhashent)
+	{
+		bool		shfound;
+
+		/*
+		 * It's possible that somebody created the entry since the above
+		 * lookup. If so, fall through to the same path as if we'd have if it
+		 * already had been created before the dshash_find() calls.
+		 */
+		shhashent = dshash_find_or_insert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, &shfound);
+		if (!shfound)
+		{
+			shheader = pgstat_init_entry(kind, shhashent);
+			pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(entry_ref, shhashent, shheader);
+
+			if (created_entry != NULL)
+				*created_entry = true;
+
+			return entry_ref;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!shhashent)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * If we're not creating, delete the reference again. In all
+		 * likelihood it's just a stats lookup - no point wasting memory for a
+		 * shared ref to nothing...
+		 */
+		pgstat_release_entry_ref(key, entry_ref, false);
+
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Can get here either because dshash_find() found a match, or if
+		 * dshash_find_or_insert() found a concurrently inserted entry.
+		 */
+
+		if (shhashent->dropped && create)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * There are legitimate cases where the old stats entry might not
+			 * yet have been dropped by the time it's reused. The most obvious
+			 * case are replication slot stats, where a new slot can be
+			 * created with the same index just after dropping. But oid
+			 * wraparound can lead to other cases as well. We just reset the
+			 * stats to their plain state.
+			 */
+			shheader = pgstat_reinit_entry(kind, shhashent);
+			pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(entry_ref, shhashent, shheader);
+
+			if (created_entry != NULL)
+				*created_entry = true;
+
+			return entry_ref;
+		}
+		else if (shhashent->dropped)
+		{
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shhashent);
+			pgstat_release_entry_ref(key, entry_ref, false);
+
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			shheader = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, shhashent->body);
+			pgstat_acquire_entry_ref(entry_ref, shhashent, shheader);
+
+			return entry_ref;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_release_entry_ref(PgStat_HashKey key, PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool discard_pending)
+{
+	if (entry_ref && entry_ref->pending)
+	{
+		if (discard_pending)
+			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
+		else
+			elog(ERROR, "releasing ref with pending data");
+	}
+
+	if (entry_ref && entry_ref->shared_stats)
+	{
+		Assert(entry_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+		Assert(entry_ref->pending == NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * This can't race with another backend looking up the stats entry and
+		 * increasing the refcount because it is not "legal" to create
+		 * additional references to dropped entries.
+		 */
+		if (pg_atomic_fetch_sub_u32(&entry_ref->shared_entry->refcount, 1) == 1)
+		{
+			PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent;
+
+			/*
+			 * We're the last referrer to this entry, try to drop the shared
+			 * entry.
+			 */
+
+			/* only dropped entries can reach a 0 refcount */
+			Assert(entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped);
+
+			shent = dshash_find(pgStatLocal.shared_hash,
+								&entry_ref->shared_entry->key,
+								true);
+			if (!shent)
+				elog(PANIC, "could not find just referenced shared stats entry");
+
+			/* ATODO: convert to assertion before commit */
+			if (pg_atomic_read_u32(&entry_ref->shared_entry->refcount) != 0)
+				elog(PANIC, "concurrent access to stats entry during deletion");
+
+			Assert(entry_ref->shared_entry == shent);
+
+			pgstat_free_entry(shent, NULL);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!pgstat_entry_ref_hash_delete(pgStatEntryRefHash, key))
+		elog(PANIC, "something has gone wrong");
+
+	if (entry_ref)
+		pfree(entry_ref);
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_lock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	LWLock	   *lock = &entry_ref->shared_stats->lock;
+
+	if (nowait)
+		return LWLockConditionalAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_unlock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
+{
+	LWLockRelease(&entry_ref->shared_stats->lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function to fetch and lock shared stats.
+ */
+PgStat_EntryRef *
+pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	/* find shared table stats entry corresponding to the local entry */
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, true, NULL);
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return entry_ref;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc(void)
+{
+	pg_atomic_fetch_add_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count, 1);
+}
+
+static bool
+pgstat_need_entry_refs_gc(void)
+{
+	uint64		curage;
+
+	if (!pgStatEntryRefHash)
+		return false;
+
+	/* should have been initialized when creating pgStatEntryRefHash */
+	Assert(pgStatSharedRefAge != 0);
+
+	curage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count);
+
+	return pgStatSharedRefAge != curage;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_gc_entry_refs(void)
+{
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *ent;
+	uint64		curage;
+
+	curage = pg_atomic_read_u64(&pgStatLocal.shmem->gc_request_count);
+	Assert(curage != 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Some entries have been dropped. Invalidate cache pointer to them.
+	 */
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i);
+	while ((ent = pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref = ent->entry_ref;
+
+		Assert(!entry_ref->shared_stats || entry_ref->shared_stats->magic == 0xdeadbeef);
+
+		if (!entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		/* cannot gc shared ref that has pending data */
+		if (entry_ref->pending != NULL)
+			continue;
+
+		pgstat_release_entry_ref(ent->key, entry_ref, false);
+	}
+
+	pgStatSharedRefAge = curage;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs(bool discard_pending, ReleaseMatchCB match, Datum match_data)
+{
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterator i;
+	PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *ent;
+
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_start_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i);
+
+	while ((ent = pgstat_entry_ref_hash_iterate(pgStatEntryRefHash, &i))
+		   != NULL)
+	{
+		Assert(ent->entry_ref != NULL);
+
+		if (match && !match(ent, match_data))
+			continue;
+
+		pgstat_release_entry_ref(ent->key, ent->entry_ref, discard_pending);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Release all local references to shared stats entries.
+ *
+ * When a process exits it cannot do so while still holding references onto
+ * stats entries, otherwise the shared stats entries could never be freed.
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_release_all_entry_refs(bool discard_pending)
+{
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs(discard_pending, NULL, 0);
+	Assert(pgStatEntryRefHash->members == 0);
+	pgstat_entry_ref_hash_destroy(pgStatEntryRefHash);
+	pgStatEntryRefHash = NULL;
+}
+
+static bool
+match_db(PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *ent, Datum match_data)
+{
+	Oid			dboid = DatumGetObjectId(match_data);
+
+	return ent->key.dboid == dboid;
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_release_db_entry_refs(Oid dboid)
+{
+	pgstat_release_matching_entry_refs( /* discard pending = */ true,
+									   match_db,
+									   ObjectIdGetDatum(dboid));
+}
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Dropping and resetting of stats entries
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+static void
+pgstat_free_entry(PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent, dshash_seq_status *hstat)
+{
+	dsa_pointer pdsa;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fetch dsa pointer before deleting entry - that way we can free the
+	 * memory after releasing the lock.
+	 */
+	pdsa = shent->body;
+
+	if (!hstat)
+		dshash_delete_entry(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shent);
+	else
+		dshash_delete_current(hstat);
+
+	dsa_free(pgStatLocal.dsa, pdsa);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper for both pgstat_drop_database_and_contents() and
+ * pgstat_drop_entry(). If hstat is non-null delete the shared entry using
+ * dshash_delete_current(), otherwise use dshash_delete_entry(). In either
+ * case the entry needs to be already locked.
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_drop_entry_internal(PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent, dshash_seq_status *hstat)
+{
+	Assert(shent->body != InvalidDsaPointer);
+
+	/* should already have released local reference */
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash)
+		Assert(!pgstat_entry_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatEntryRefHash, shent->key));
+
+	/*
+	 * Signal that the entry is dropped - this will eventually cause other
+	 * backends to release their references.
+	 */
+	if (shent->dropped)
+		elog(ERROR, "can only drop stats once");
+	shent->dropped = true;
+
+	/* release refcount marking entry as not dropped */
+	if (pg_atomic_sub_fetch_u32(&shent->refcount, 1) == 0)
+	{
+		pgstat_free_entry(shent, hstat);
+		return true;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (!hstat)
+			dshash_release_lock(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, shent);
+		return false;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Drop stats for the database and all the objects inside that database.
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(Oid dboid)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+	uint64		not_freed_count = 0;
+
+	Assert(OidIsValid(dboid));
+
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shared_hash != NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * This backend might very well be the only backend holding a reference to
+	 * about-to-be-dropped entries. Ensure that we're not preventing it from
+	 * being cleaned up till later.
+	 *
+	 * Doing this separately from the dshash iteration below avoids having to
+	 * do so while holding a partition lock on the shared hashtable.
+	 */
+	pgstat_release_db_entry_refs(dboid);
+
+	/* some of the dshash entries are to be removed, take exclusive lock. */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, true);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->key.dboid != dboid)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!pgstat_drop_entry_internal(p, &hstat))
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Even statistics for a dropped database might currently be
+			 * accessed (consider e.g. database stats for pg_stat_database).
+			 */
+			not_freed_count++;
+		}
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	/*
+	 * If some of the stats data could not be freed, signal the reference
+	 * holders to run garbage collection of their cached pgStatShmLookupCache.
+	 */
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
+}
+
+bool
+pgstat_drop_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key = {.kind = kind,.dboid = dboid,.objoid = objoid};
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shent;
+	bool		freed = true;
+
+	/* delete local reference */
+	if (pgStatEntryRefHash)
+	{
+		PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry *lohashent =
+		pgstat_entry_ref_hash_lookup(pgStatEntryRefHash, key);
+
+		if (lohashent)
+			pgstat_release_entry_ref(lohashent->key, lohashent->entry_ref, true);
+	}
+
+	/* mark entry in shared hashtable as deleted, drop if possible */
+	shent = dshash_find(pgStatLocal.shared_hash, &key, true);
+	if (shent)
+	{
+		freed = pgstat_drop_entry_internal(shent, NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * Database stats contain other stats. Drop those as well when
+		 * dropping the database. XXX: Perhaps this should be done in a
+		 * slightly more principled way? But not obvious what that'd look
+		 * like, and so far this is the only case...
+		 */
+		if (key.kind == PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE)
+			pgstat_drop_database_and_contents(key.dboid);
+	}
+
+	return freed;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_drop_all_entries(void)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *ps;
+	uint64		not_freed_count = 0;
+
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((ps = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		if (ps->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!pgstat_drop_entry_internal(ps, &hstat))
+			not_freed_count++;
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
+}
+
+/*
+ * The length of the data portion of a shared memory stats entry (i.e. without
+ * transient data such as refcoutns, lwlocks, ...).
+ */
+static inline size_t
+shared_stat_entry_len(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	return pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a pointer to the data portion of a shared memory stats entry.
+ */
+static inline void *
+shared_stat_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry)
+{
+	size_t		off = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->shared_data_off;
+
+	Assert(off != 0 && off < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return ((char *) (entry)) + off;
+}
+
+static void
+shared_stat_reset_contents(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *header)
+{
+	const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_kind_info_for(kind);
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+	memset(shared_stat_entry_data(kind, header), 0,
+		   shared_stat_entry_len(kind));
+
+	if (kind_info->reset_timestamp_cb)
+		kind_info->reset_timestamp_cb(header, ts);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reset one non-global shared stat entry.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_reset_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
+{
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+
+	Assert(!pgstat_kind_info_for(kind)->fixed_amount);
+
+	entry_ref = pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL);
+	if (!entry_ref || entry_ref->shared_entry->dropped)
+		return;
+
+	pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, false);
+	shared_stat_reset_contents(kind, entry_ref->shared_stats);
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Scan through the shared hashtable of stats, resetting statistics if
+ * approved by the provided do_reset() function.
+ */
+void
+pgstat_reset_matching_entries(bool (*do_reset) (PgStatShared_HashEntry *, Datum), Datum match_data)
+{
+	dshash_seq_status hstat;
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *p;
+
+	/* dshash entry is not modified, take shared lock */
+	dshash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatLocal.shared_hash, false);
+	while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
+	{
+		PgStatShared_Common *header;
+
+		if (p->dropped)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!do_reset(p, match_data))
+			continue;
+
+		header = dsa_get_address(pgStatLocal.dsa, p->body);
+
+		LWLockAcquire(&header->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+		shared_stat_reset_contents(p->key.kind, header);
+
+		LWLockRelease(&header->lock);
+	}
+	dshash_seq_term(&hstat);
+}
+
+static bool
+match_kind(PgStatShared_HashEntry *p, Datum match_data)
+{
+	return p->key.kind == DatumGetInt32(match_data);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	pgstat_reset_matching_entries(match_kind, Int32GetDatum(kind));
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_setup_memcxt(void)
+{
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatSharedRefContext))
+		pgStatSharedRefContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "PgStat Shared Ref",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+	if (unlikely(!pgStatEntryRefHashContext))
+		pgStatEntryRefHashContext =
+			AllocSetContextCreate(CacheMemoryContext,
+								  "PgStat Shared Ref Hash",
+								  ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c
index 9cb9aeb890d..63810ec2db7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_slru.c
@@ -18,18 +18,21 @@
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
-static inline PgStat_MsgSLRU *slru_entry(int slru_idx);
+static inline PgStat_SLRUStats *slru_entry(int slru_idx);
+static void pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(int index, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
 /*
- * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be sent to the collector.  These are
- * stored directly in stats message format so they can be sent without needing
- * to copy things around.  We assume this variable inits to zeroes.  Entries
- * are one-to-one with slru_names[].
+ * SLRU statistics counts waiting to be flushed out.  We assume this variable
+ * inits to zeroes.  Entries are one-to-one with slru_names[].  Changes of
+ * SLRU counters are reported within critical sections so we use static memory
+ * in order to avoid memory allocation.
  */
-static PgStat_MsgSLRU SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+static PgStat_SLRUStats pending_SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+bool		have_slrustats = false;
 
 
 /*
@@ -41,17 +44,11 @@ static PgStat_MsgSLRU SLRUStats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
 void
 pgstat_reset_slru_counter(const char *name)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter msg;
+	TimestampTz ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
 	AssertArg(name != NULL);
 
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSLRUCOUNTER);
-	msg.m_index = pgstat_slru_index(name);
-
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(pgstat_slru_index(name), ts);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -61,43 +58,55 @@ pgstat_reset_slru_counter(const char *name)
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_zeroed(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_zeroed += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_zeroed += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_hit(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_hit += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_hit += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_exists(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_exists += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_exists += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_read(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_read += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_read += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_page_written(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_blocks_written += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->blocks_written += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_flush(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_flush += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->flush += 1;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_count_slru_truncate(int slru_idx)
 {
-	slru_entry(slru_idx)->m_truncate += 1;
+	slru_entry(slru_idx)->truncate += 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the slru statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_SLRUStats *
+pgstat_fetch_slru(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_SLRU);
+
+	return pgStatLocal.snapshot.slru;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -135,45 +144,83 @@ pgstat_slru_index(const char *name)
 }
 
 /*
- * Send SLRU statistics to the collector
+ * Flush out locally pending SLRU stats entries
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false on lock failure. Otherwise
+ * this function always returns true. Writer processes are mutually excluded
+ * using LWLock, but readers are expected to use change-count protocol to avoid
+ * interference with writers.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns true if the lock could not be
+ * acquired. Otherwise return false.
  */
-void
-pgstat_send_slru(void)
+bool
+pgstat_slru_flush(bool nowait)
 {
-	/* We assume this initializes to zeroes */
-	static const PgStat_MsgSLRU all_zeroes;
+	PgStatShared_SLRU *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->slru;
+	int			i;
 
-	for (int i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+	if (!have_slrustats)
+		return false;
+
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
+
+
+	for (i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-		 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-		 * collector.
-		 */
-		if (memcmp(&SLRUStats[i], &all_zeroes, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU)) == 0)
-			continue;
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *sharedent = &stats_shmem->stats[i];
+		PgStat_SLRUStats *pendingent = &pending_SLRUStats[i];
 
-		/* set the SLRU type before each send */
-		SLRUStats[i].m_index = i;
-
-		/*
-		 * Prepare and send the message
-		 */
-		pgstat_setheader(&SLRUStats[i].m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SLRU);
-		pgstat_send(&SLRUStats[i], sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
-
-		/*
-		 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
-		 */
-		MemSet(&SLRUStats[i], 0, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSLRU));
+#define SLRU_ACC(fld) sharedent->fld += pendingent->fld
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_zeroed);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_hit);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_read);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_written);
+		SLRU_ACC(blocks_exists);
+		SLRU_ACC(flush);
+		SLRU_ACC(truncate);
+#undef SLRU_ACC
 	}
+
+	/* done, clear the pending entry */
+	MemSet(pending_SLRUStats, 0, sizeof(pending_SLRUStats));
+
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+
+	have_slrustats = false;
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	for (int i = 0; i < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS; i++)
+		pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(i, now);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_SLRU *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->slru;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+
+	memcpy(pgStatLocal.snapshot.slru, &stats_shmem->stats,
+		   sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
 }
 
 /*
  * Returns pointer to entry with counters for given SLRU (based on the name
  * stored in SlruCtl as lwlock tranche name).
  */
-static inline PgStat_MsgSLRU *
+static inline PgStat_SLRUStats *
 slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 {
 	pgstat_assert_is_up();
@@ -186,5 +233,20 @@ slru_entry(int slru_idx)
 
 	Assert((slru_idx >= 0) && (slru_idx < SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS));
 
-	return &SLRUStats[slru_idx];
+	have_slrustats = true;
+
+	return &pending_SLRUStats[slru_idx];
+}
+
+static void
+pgstat_reset_slru_counter_internal(int index, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	PgStatShared_SLRU *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->slru;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+
+	memset(&stats_shmem->stats[index], 0, sizeof(PgStat_SLRUStats));
+	stats_shmem->stats[index].stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
index d1d8c0ecfd2..ec47ab26455 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include "utils/pgstat_internal.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -26,14 +27,7 @@
 void
 pgstat_reset_subscription_counters(void)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	msg.m_subid = InvalidOid;
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -45,14 +39,7 @@ pgstat_reset_subscription_counters(void)
 void
 pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter msg;
-
-	if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-		return;
-
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_RESETSUBCOUNTER);
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
+	pgstat_reset_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION, InvalidOid, subid);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -61,12 +48,17 @@ pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(Oid subid)
 void
 pgstat_report_subscription_error(Oid subid, bool is_apply_error)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError msg;
+	PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref;
+	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *pending;
 
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONERROR);
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	msg.m_is_apply_error = is_apply_error;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError));
+	entry_ref = pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION,
+										  InvalidOid, subid, NULL);
+	pending = entry_ref->pending;
+
+	if (is_apply_error)
+		pending->apply_error_count++;
+	else
+		pending->sync_error_count++;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -89,12 +81,52 @@ pgstat_create_subscription(Oid subid)
 void
 pgstat_drop_subscription(Oid subid)
 {
-	PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop msg;
-
-	pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_SUBSCRIPTIONDROP);
-	msg.m_subid = subid;
-	pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop));
-
 	pgstat_drop_transactional(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION,
 							  InvalidOid, subid);
 }
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * the collected statistics for one subscription or NULL.
+ */
+PgStat_StatSubEntry *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
+{
+	return (PgStat_StatSubEntry *)
+		pgstat_fetch_entry(PGSTAT_KIND_SUBSCRIPTION, InvalidOid, subid);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush out pending stats for the entry
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns false if lock could not
+ * immediately acquired, otherwise true is returned.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait)
+{
+	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *localent;
+	PgStatShared_Subscription *shsubent;
+
+	localent = (PgStat_BackendSubEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
+	shsubent = (PgStatShared_Subscription *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
+
+	/* localent always has non-zero content */
+
+	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
+		return false;
+
+#define SUB_ACC(fld) shsubent->stats.fld += localent->fld
+	SUB_ACC(apply_error_count);
+	SUB_ACC(sync_error_count);
+#undef SUB_ACC
+
+	pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts)
+{
+	((PgStatShared_Subscription *) header)->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = ts;
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c
index 8680809deef..ceb6709aada 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_wal.c
@@ -21,13 +21,7 @@
 #include "executor/instrument.h"
 
 
-/*
- * WAL global statistics counters.  Stored directly in a stats message
- * structure so they can be sent without needing to copy things around.  We
- * assume these init to zeroes.
- */
-PgStat_MsgWal WalStats;
-
+PgStat_WalStats PendingWalStats = {0};
 
 /*
  * WAL usage counters saved from pgWALUsage at the previous call to
@@ -39,101 +33,99 @@ static WalUsage prevWalUsage;
 
 
 /*
- * Send WAL statistics to the collector.
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased and update
+ * shared statistics.
  *
- * If 'force' is not set, WAL stats message is only sent if enough time has
- * passed since last one was sent to reach PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.
+ * Must be called by processes that generate WAL.
  */
 void
 pgstat_report_wal(bool force)
 {
-	static TimestampTz sendTime = 0;
+	pgstat_flush_wal(force);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Support function for the SQL-callable pgstat* functions. Returns
+ * a pointer to the WAL statistics struct.
+ */
+PgStat_WalStats *
+pgstat_fetch_stat_wal(void)
+{
+	pgstat_snapshot_global(PGSTAT_KIND_WAL);
+
+	return &pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate how much WAL usage counters have increased by substracting the
+ * previous counters from the current ones.
+ *
+ * If nowait is true, this function returns true if the lock could not be
+ * acquired. Otherwise return false.
+ */
+bool
+pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait)
+{
+	WalUsage	diff = {0};
+
+	Assert(IsUnderPostmaster || !IsPostmasterEnvironment);
+	Assert(pgStatLocal.shmem != NULL &&
+		   !pgStatLocal.shmem->is_shutdown);
 
 	/*
-	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. In
-	 * this case, avoid sending a completely empty message to the stats
-	 * collector.
-	 *
-	 * Check wal_records counter to determine whether any WAL activity has
-	 * happened since last time. Note that other WalUsage counters don't need
-	 * to be checked because they are incremented always together with
-	 * wal_records counter.
-	 *
-	 * m_wal_buffers_full also doesn't need to be checked because it's
-	 * incremented only when at least one WAL record is generated (i.e.,
-	 * wal_records counter is incremented). But for safely, we assert that
-	 * m_wal_buffers_full is always zero when no WAL record is generated
-	 *
-	 * This function can be called by a process like walwriter that normally
-	 * generates no WAL records. To determine whether any WAL activity has
-	 * happened at that process since the last time, the numbers of WAL writes
-	 * and syncs are also checked.
+	 * This function can be called even if nothing at all has happened. Avoid
+	 * taking lock for nothing in that case.
 	 */
-	if (pgWalUsage.wal_records == prevWalUsage.wal_records &&
-		WalStats.m_wal_write == 0 && WalStats.m_wal_sync == 0)
-	{
-		Assert(WalStats.m_wal_buffers_full == 0);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (!force)
-	{
-		TimestampTz now = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-		/*
-		 * Don't send a message unless it's been at least PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-		 * msec since we last sent one to avoid overloading the stats
-		 * collector.
-		 */
-		if (!TimestampDifferenceExceeds(sendTime, now, PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL))
-			return;
-		sendTime = now;
-	}
+	if (!pgstat_wal_pending())
+		return false;
 
 	/*
-	 * Set the counters related to generated WAL data if the counters were
-	 * updated.
+	 * We don't update the WAL usage portion of the local WalStats elsewhere.
+	 * Calculate how much WAL usage counters were increased by subtracting the
+	 * previous counters from the current ones.
 	 */
-	if (pgWalUsage.wal_records != prevWalUsage.wal_records)
-	{
-		WalUsage	walusage;
+	WalUsageAccumDiff(&diff, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
+	PendingWalStats.wal_records = diff.wal_records;
+	PendingWalStats.wal_fpi = diff.wal_fpi;
+	PendingWalStats.wal_bytes = diff.wal_bytes;
 
-		/*
-		 * Calculate how much WAL usage counters were increased by subtracting
-		 * the previous counters from the current ones. Fill the results in
-		 * WAL stats message.
-		 */
-		MemSet(&walusage, 0, sizeof(WalUsage));
-		WalUsageAccumDiff(&walusage, &pgWalUsage, &prevWalUsage);
+	/* lock the shared entry to protect the content, skip if failed */
+	if (!nowait)
+		LWLockAcquire(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	else if (!LWLockConditionalAcquire(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE))
+		return true;			/* failed to acquire lock, skip */
 
-		WalStats.m_wal_records = walusage.wal_records;
-		WalStats.m_wal_fpi = walusage.wal_fpi;
-		WalStats.m_wal_bytes = walusage.wal_bytes;
+#define WALSTAT_ACC(fld) pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.stats.fld += PendingWalStats.fld
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_records);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_fpi);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_bytes);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_buffers_full);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_write);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_sync);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_write_time);
+	WALSTAT_ACC(wal_sync_time);
+#undef WALSTAT_ACC
 
-		/*
-		 * Save the current counters for the subsequent calculation of WAL
-		 * usage.
-		 */
-		prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
-	}
+	LWLockRelease(&pgStatLocal.shmem->wal.lock);
 
 	/*
-	 * Prepare and send the message
+	 * Save the current counters for the subsequent calculation of WAL usage.
 	 */
-	pgstat_setheader(&WalStats.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_WAL);
-	pgstat_send(&WalStats, sizeof(WalStats));
+	prevWalUsage = pgWalUsage;
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the statistics buffer, so it can be re-used.
 	 */
-	MemSet(&WalStats, 0, sizeof(WalStats));
+	MemSet(&PendingWalStats, 0, sizeof(PendingWalStats));
+
+	return false;
 }
 
 void
 pgstat_wal_initialize(void)
 {
 	/*
-	 * Initialize prevWalUsage with pgWalUsage so that pgstat_report_wal() can
+	 * Initialize prevWalUsage with pgWalUsage so that pgstat_flush_wal() can
 	 * calculate how much pgWalUsage counters are increased by subtracting
 	 * prevWalUsage from pgWalUsage.
 	 */
@@ -151,6 +143,28 @@ bool
 pgstat_wal_pending(void)
 {
 	return pgWalUsage.wal_records != prevWalUsage.wal_records ||
-		WalStats.m_wal_write != 0 ||
-		WalStats.m_wal_sync != 0;
+		PendingWalStats.wal_write != 0 ||
+		PendingWalStats.wal_sync != 0;
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz now)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Wal *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->wal;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+	memset(&stats_shmem->stats, 0, sizeof(stats_shmem->stats));
+	stats_shmem->stats.stat_reset_timestamp = now;
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
+}
+
+void
+pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void)
+{
+	PgStatShared_Wal *stats_shmem = &pgStatLocal.shmem->wal;
+
+	LWLockAcquire(&stats_shmem->lock, LW_SHARED);
+	memcpy(&pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal, &stats_shmem->stats,
+		   sizeof(pgStatLocal.snapshot.wal));
+	LWLockRelease(&stats_shmem->lock);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c
index 5d3c184efb2..a1697ff8b37 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_xact.c
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ static void
 AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 {
 	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+	int			not_freed_count = 0;
 
 	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
 	{
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 	{
 		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
 		dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+		xl_xact_stats_item *it = &pending->item;
 
 		if (isCommit && !pending->is_create)
 		{
@@ -86,7 +88,8 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 			 * Transaction that dropped an object committed. Drop the stats
 			 * too.
 			 */
-			/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+				not_freed_count++;
 		}
 		else if (!isCommit && pending->is_create)
 		{
@@ -94,13 +97,17 @@ AtEOXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit)
 			 * Transaction that created an object aborted. Drop the stats
 			 * associated with the object.
 			 */
-			/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+				not_freed_count++;
 		}
 
 		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
 		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
 		pfree(pending);
 	}
+
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -135,6 +142,7 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 {
 	PgStat_SubXactStatus *parent_xact_state;
 	dlist_mutable_iter iter;
+	int			not_freed_count = 0;
 
 	if (xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0)
 		return;
@@ -145,6 +153,7 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 	{
 		PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem *pending =
 		dlist_container(PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem, node, iter.cur);
+		xl_xact_stats_item *it = &pending->item;
 
 		dlist_delete(&pending->node);
 		xact_state->pending_drops_count--;
@@ -155,7 +164,8 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 			 * Subtransaction creating a new stats object aborted. Drop the
 			 * stats object.
 			 */
-			/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+			if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+				not_freed_count++;
 			pfree(pending);
 		}
 		else if (isCommit)
@@ -175,6 +185,8 @@ AtEOSubXact_PgStat_DroppedStats(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state,
 	}
 
 	Assert(xact_state->pending_drops_count == 0);
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -304,13 +316,21 @@ pgstat_get_transactional_drops(bool isCommit, xl_xact_stats_item **items)
 void
 pgstat_execute_transactional_drops(int ndrops, struct xl_xact_stats_item *items, bool is_redo)
 {
+	int			not_freed_count = 0;
+
 	if (ndrops == 0)
 		return;
 
 	for (int i = 0; i < ndrops; i++)
 	{
-		/* will do work in subsequent commit */
+		xl_xact_stats_item *it = &items[i];
+
+		if (!pgstat_drop_entry(it->kind, it->dboid, it->objoid))
+			not_freed_count++;
 	}
+
+	if (not_freed_count > 0)
+		pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc();
 }
 
 static void
@@ -342,6 +362,17 @@ create_drop_transactional_internal(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool
 void
 pgstat_create_transactional(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid)
 {
+	if (pgstat_get_entry_ref(kind, dboid, objoid, false, NULL))
+	{
+		Oid			msg_oid = (kind == PGSTAT_KIND_DATABASE) ? dboid : objoid;
+
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errmsg("Resetting existing stats for %s with OID %d.",
+					   (pgstat_kind_info_for(kind))->name, msg_oid));
+
+		pgstat_reset_entry(kind, dboid, objoid);
+	}
+
 	create_drop_transactional_internal(kind, dboid, objoid, /* create */ true);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
index 1c8aba49259..87c15b9c6f3 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
@@ -230,9 +230,6 @@ pgstat_get_wait_activity(WaitEventActivity w)
 		case WAIT_EVENT_LOGICAL_LAUNCHER_MAIN:
 			event_name = "LogicalLauncherMain";
 			break;
-		case WAIT_EVENT_PGSTAT_MAIN:
-			event_name = "PgStatMain";
-			break;
 		case WAIT_EVENT_RECOVERY_WAL_STREAM:
 			event_name = "RecoveryWalStream";
 			break;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
index 02676bf01dc..848f410c96b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pgstatfuncs.c
@@ -2047,7 +2047,15 @@ pg_stat_get_xact_function_self_time(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 Datum
 pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
-	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(pgstat_fetch_global()->stats_timestamp);
+	bool		have_snapshot;
+	TimestampTz ts;
+
+	ts = pgstat_get_stat_snapshot_timestamp(&have_snapshot);
+
+	if (!have_snapshot)
+		PG_RETURN_NULL();
+
+	PG_RETURN_TIMESTAMPTZ(ts);
 }
 
 /* Discard the active statistics snapshot */
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
index a15ce9edb13..294395058e0 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
 #include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
 #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
 #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
 #include "rewrite/rewriteDefine.h"
 #include "rewrite/rowsecurity.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
@@ -2409,6 +2410,9 @@ RelationDestroyRelation(Relation relation, bool remember_tupdesc)
 	 */
 	RelationCloseSmgr(relation);
 
+	/* break mutual link with stats entry */
+	pgstat_relation_unlink(relation);
+
 	/*
 	 * Free all the subsidiary data structures of the relcache entry, then the
 	 * entry itself.
@@ -2718,6 +2722,7 @@ RelationClearRelation(Relation relation, bool rebuild)
 		SWAPFIELD(Oid, rd_toastoid);
 		/* pgstat_info must be preserved */
 		SWAPFIELD(struct PgStat_TableStatus *, pgstat_info);
+		SWAPFIELD(bool, pgstat_enabled);
 		/* preserve old partition key if we have one */
 		if (keep_partkey)
 		{
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
index 3419c099b28..1a5d29ac9ba 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/globals.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ volatile sig_atomic_t IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t IdleSessionTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t ProcSignalBarrierPending = false;
 volatile sig_atomic_t LogMemoryContextPending = false;
+volatile sig_atomic_t IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = false;
 volatile uint32 InterruptHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 QueryCancelHoldoffCount = 0;
 volatile uint32 CritSectionCount = 0;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
index bdc77af7194..0d3cfe8240b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c
@@ -288,9 +288,6 @@ GetBackendTypeDesc(BackendType backendType)
 		case B_ARCHIVER:
 			backendDesc = "archiver";
 			break;
-		case B_STATS_COLLECTOR:
-			backendDesc = "stats collector";
-			break;
 		case B_LOGGER:
 			backendDesc = "logger";
 			break;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
index 6452b42dbff..824bc97b031 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ static void StatementTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void LockTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void);
+static void IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void);
 static void ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void);
 static bool ThereIsAtLeastOneRole(void);
 static void process_startup_options(Port *port, bool am_superuser);
@@ -725,6 +726,8 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 						IdleInTransactionSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_SESSION_TIMEOUT, IdleSessionTimeoutHandler);
 		RegisterTimeout(CLIENT_CONNECTION_CHECK_TIMEOUT, ClientCheckTimeoutHandler);
+		RegisterTimeout(IDLE_STATS_UPDATE_TIMEOUT,
+						IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -752,6 +755,7 @@ InitPostgres(const char *in_dbname, Oid dboid, const char *username,
 		 * Use before_shmem_exit() so that ShutdownXLOG() can rely on DSM
 		 * segments etc to work (which in turn is required for pgstats).
 		 */
+		before_shmem_exit(pgstat_before_server_shutdown, 0);
 		before_shmem_exit(ShutdownXLOG, 0);
 	}
 
@@ -1352,6 +1356,14 @@ IdleSessionTimeoutHandler(void)
 	SetLatch(MyLatch);
 }
 
+static void
+IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutHandler(void)
+{
+	IdleStatsUpdateTimeoutPending = true;
+	InterruptPending = true;
+	SetLatch(MyLatch);
+}
+
 static void
 ClientCheckTimeoutHandler(void)
 {
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index 9e8ab1420d9..bbb156e0dfe 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -374,6 +374,16 @@ static const struct config_enum_entry track_function_options[] = {
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(track_function_options) == (TRACK_FUNC_ALL + 2),
 				 "array length mismatch");
 
+static const struct config_enum_entry stats_fetch_consistency[] = {
+	{"none", PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_NONE, false},
+	{"cache", PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE, false},
+	{"snapshot", PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT, false},
+	{NULL, 0, false}
+};
+
+StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(stats_fetch_consistency) == (PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_SNAPSHOT + 2),
+				 "array length mismatch");
+
 static const struct config_enum_entry xmlbinary_options[] = {
 	{"base64", XMLBINARY_BASE64, false},
 	{"hex", XMLBINARY_HEX, false},
@@ -4917,6 +4927,17 @@ static struct config_enum ConfigureNamesEnum[] =
 		NULL, NULL, NULL
 	},
 
+
+	{
+		{"stats_fetch_consistency", PGC_USERSET, STATS_COLLECTOR,
+			gettext_noop("Sets the consistency of accesses to statistics data"),
+			NULL
+		},
+		&pgstat_fetch_consistency,
+		PGSTAT_FETCH_CONSISTENCY_CACHE, stats_fetch_consistency,
+		NULL, NULL, NULL
+	},
+
 	{
 		{"wal_compression", PGC_SUSET, WAL_SETTINGS,
 			gettext_noop("Compresses full-page writes written in WAL file with specified method."),
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
index 93d221a37b1..5f9a37bed3b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
@@ -614,6 +614,7 @@
 #track_wal_io_timing = off
 #track_functions = none			# none, pl, all
 #stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
+#stats_fetch_consistency = none
 
 
 # - Monitoring -
diff --git a/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out b/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out
index 206c0a126e5..a10f8214ce2 100644
--- a/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out
+++ b/contrib/test_decoding/expected/stats.out
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ SELECT slot_name, spill_txns > 0 AS spill_txns, spill_count > 0 AS spill_count F
 -- Ensure stats can be repeatedly accessed using the same stats snapshot. See
 -- https://postgr.es/m/20210317230447.c7uc4g3vbs4wi32i%40alap3.anarazel.de
 BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT slot_name FROM pg_stat_replication_slots;
        slot_name       
 -----------------------
diff --git a/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql b/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql
index 67462ca27f7..08616a2f965 100644
--- a/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql
+++ b/contrib/test_decoding/sql/stats.sql
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ SELECT slot_name, spill_txns > 0 AS spill_txns, spill_count > 0 AS spill_count F
 -- Ensure stats can be repeatedly accessed using the same stats snapshot. See
 -- https://postgr.es/m/20210317230447.c7uc4g3vbs4wi32i%40alap3.anarazel.de
 BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT slot_name FROM pg_stat_replication_slots;
 SELECT slot_name FROM pg_stat_replication_slots;
 COMMIT;
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index 3b9172f65bd..7c9469fb447 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -1110,10 +1110,6 @@ postgres   27093  0.0  0.0  30096  2752 ?        Ss   11:34   0:00 postgres: ser
       <entry><literal>LogicalLauncherMain</literal></entry>
       <entry>Waiting in main loop of logical replication launcher process.</entry>
      </row>
-     <row>
-      <entry><literal>PgStatMain</literal></entry>
-      <entry>Waiting in main loop of statistics collector process.</entry>
-     </row>
      <row>
       <entry><literal>RecoveryWalStream</literal></entry>
       <entry>Waiting in main loop of startup process for WAL to arrive, during
@@ -2115,6 +2111,18 @@ postgres   27093  0.0  0.0  30096  2752 ?        Ss   11:34   0:00 postgres: ser
       <entry>Waiting to access the list of predicate locks held by
        serializable transactions.</entry>
      </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>PgStatsDSA</literal></entry>
+      <entry>Waiting for stats dynamic shared memory allocator access</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>PgStatsHash</literal></entry>
+      <entry>Waiting for stats shared memory hash table access</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>PgStatsData</literal></entry>
+      <entry>Waiting fo shared memory stats data access</entry>
+     </row>
      <row>
       <entry><literal>SerializableXactHash</literal></entry>
       <entry>Waiting to read or update information about serializable
@@ -5142,7 +5150,8 @@ SELECT pid, wait_event_type, wait_event FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE wait_event i
         <returnvalue>timestamp with time zone</returnvalue>
        </para>
        <para>
-        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot.
+        Returns the timestamp of the current statistics snapshot, or NULL if
+        no statistics snapshot has been taken.
        </para></entry>
       </row>
 
diff --git a/src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c b/src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c
index 48829df29c3..5b541ec47f1 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c
+++ b/src/test/modules/worker_spi/worker_spi.c
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ worker_spi_main(Datum main_arg)
 		PopActiveSnapshot();
 		CommitTransactionCommand();
 		debug_query_string = NULL;
-		pgstat_report_stat(false);
+		pgstat_report_stat(true);
 		pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
index 57550d49e77..2f824258cd6 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/stats.out
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 -- for the moment, we don't want index-only scans here
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
 declare
@@ -34,6 +37,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- We don't want to wait forever.  No timeout suffices if the OS drops our
   -- stats traffic because an earlier test file left a full UDP buffer.
   -- Hence, don't use PG_TEST_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, which may be large for
@@ -163,6 +168,8 @@ SELECT wait_for_stats();
 (1 row)
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -202,6 +209,7 @@ FROM prevstats AS pr;
  t
 (1 row)
 
+COMMIT;
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
 -- test BRIN index doesn't block HOT update - we include this test here, as it
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
index 7e746dca3b7..4f33ea6a7c8 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/stats.sql
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ SET enable_indexscan TO on;
 SET enable_indexonlyscan TO off;
 
 -- save counters
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
 CREATE TABLE prevstats AS
 SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
        (b.heap_blks_read + b.heap_blks_hit) AS heap_blks,
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ SELECT t.seq_scan, t.seq_tup_read, t.idx_scan, t.idx_tup_fetch,
   FROM pg_catalog.pg_stat_user_tables AS t,
        pg_catalog.pg_statio_user_tables AS b
  WHERE t.relname='tenk2' AND b.relname='tenk2';
+COMMIT;
 
 -- function to wait for counters to advance
 create function wait_for_stats() returns void as $$
@@ -33,6 +36,8 @@ declare
   updated3 bool;
   updated4 bool;
 begin
+  SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
   -- We don't want to wait forever.  No timeout suffices if the OS drops our
   -- stats traffic because an earlier test file left a full UDP buffer.
   -- Hence, don't use PG_TEST_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, which may be large for
@@ -158,6 +163,9 @@ RESET enable_bitmapscan;
 SELECT wait_for_stats();
 
 -- check effects
+BEGIN;
+SET LOCAL stats_fetch_consistency = snapshot;
+
 SELECT relname, n_tup_ins, n_tup_upd, n_tup_del, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup
   FROM pg_stat_user_tables
  WHERE relname like 'trunc_stats_test%' order by relname;
@@ -177,6 +185,8 @@ SELECT st.heap_blks_read + st.heap_blks_hit >= pr.heap_blks + cl.relpages,
 SELECT pr.snap_ts < pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp() as snapshot_newer
 FROM prevstats AS pr;
 
+COMMIT;
+
 DROP TABLE trunc_stats_test, trunc_stats_test1, trunc_stats_test2, trunc_stats_test3, trunc_stats_test4;
 DROP TABLE prevstats;
 
diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
index 0f4a2060630..16d68b439d4 100644
--- a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
+++ b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
@@ -1930,51 +1930,39 @@ PgFdwPathExtraData
 PgFdwRelationInfo
 PgFdwScanState
 PgIfAddrCallback
+PgStatShared_Archiver
+PgStatShared_BgWriter
+PgStatShared_Checkpointer
+PgStatShared_Common
+PgStatShared_Database
+PgStatShared_Function
+PgStatShared_HashEntry
+PgStatShared_Relation
+PgStatShared_ReplSlot
+PgStatShared_SLRU
+PgStatShared_Subscription
+PgStatShared_Wal
 PgStat_ArchiverStats
 PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry
+PgStat_BackendSubEntry
 PgStat_BgWriterStats
 PgStat_CheckpointerStats
 PgStat_Counter
+PgStat_EntryRef
+PgStat_EntryRefHashEntry
+PgStat_FetchConsistency
 PgStat_FunctionCallUsage
 PgStat_FunctionCounts
-PgStat_FunctionEntry
-PgStat_GlobalStats
+PgStat_HashKey
 PgStat_Kind
-PgStat_Msg
-PgStat_MsgAnalyze
-PgStat_MsgAnlAncestors
-PgStat_MsgArchiver
-PgStat_MsgAutovacStart
-PgStat_MsgBgWriter
-PgStat_MsgCheckpointer
-PgStat_MsgChecksumFailure
-PgStat_MsgConnect
-PgStat_MsgDeadlock
-PgStat_MsgDisconnect
-PgStat_MsgDropdb
-PgStat_MsgDummy
-PgStat_MsgFuncpurge
-PgStat_MsgFuncstat
-PgStat_MsgHdr
-PgStat_MsgInquiry
-PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict
-PgStat_MsgReplSlot
-PgStat_MsgResetcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetreplslotcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter
-PgStat_MsgResetslrucounter
-PgStat_MsgResetsubcounter
-PgStat_MsgSLRU
-PgStat_MsgSubscriptionDrop
-PgStat_MsgSubscriptionError
-PgStat_MsgTabpurge
-PgStat_MsgTabstat
-PgStat_MsgTempFile
-PgStat_MsgVacuum
-PgStat_MsgWal
+PgStat_KindInfo
+PgStat_LocalState
 PgStat_PendingDroppedStatsItem
+PgStat_ReplSlotStats
 PgStat_SLRUStats
+PgStat_ShmemControl
+PgStat_Snapshot
+PgStat_SnapshotEntry
 PgStat_StatDBEntry
 PgStat_StatFuncEntry
 PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry
@@ -1982,7 +1970,6 @@ PgStat_StatSubEntry
 PgStat_StatTabEntry
 PgStat_SubXactStatus
 PgStat_TableCounts
-PgStat_TableEntry
 PgStat_TableStatus
 PgStat_TableXactStatus
 PgStat_WalStats
@@ -2530,7 +2517,6 @@ StartReplicationCmd
 StartupStatusEnum
 StatEntry
 StatExtEntry
-StatMsgType
 StateFileChunk
 StatisticExtInfo
 Stats
@@ -2644,8 +2630,6 @@ TXNEntryFile
 TYPCATEGORY
 T_Action
 T_WorkerStatus
-TabStatHashEntry
-TabStatusArray
 TableAmRoutine
 TableAttachInfo
 TableDataInfo
@@ -3430,6 +3414,7 @@ pgssHashKey
 pgssSharedState
 pgssStoreKind
 pgssVersion
+pgstat_entry_ref_hash_hash
 pgstat_page
 pgstattuple_type
 pgthreadlock_t
-- 
2.35.1.677.gabf474a5dd


--be3jiks7ge4r32o3
Content-Type: text/x-diff; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename="v69-0011-pgstat-add-pg_stat_force_next_flush.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 21+ messages in thread


end of thread, other threads:[~2022-12-31 17:23 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: 21+ messages (download: mbox mbox.gz follow: Atom feed)
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2021-01-09 02:17 [PATCH 1/2] review Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
2021-04-05 02:35 [PATCH v60 13/17] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory. Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2022-02-11 17:02 postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
2022-02-16 12:56 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Sofia Kopikova <[email protected]>
2022-07-16 21:57 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
2022-07-18 11:36   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
2022-07-18 18:45     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
2022-07-19 19:07       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
2022-07-19 19:27         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
2022-10-07 23:43         ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
2022-12-15 16:34           ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample James Finnerty <[email protected]>
2022-12-15 16:46             ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
2022-12-21 12:08               ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
2022-12-30 23:03                 ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
2022-12-31 04:42                   ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
2022-12-31 14:16                     ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
2022-12-31 17:23                       ` Re: postgres_fdw: using TABLESAMPLE to collect remote sample Tom Lane <[email protected]>
2022-03-03 02:02 [PATCH v65 08/11] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory. Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2022-04-03 19:43 [PATCH v68 13/31] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory. Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2022-04-04 23:53 [PATCH v70 10/27] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory. Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2022-04-04 23:53 [PATCH v69 10/28] pgstat: store statistics in shared memory. Andres Freund <[email protected]>

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