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From: David Steele <david@pgmasters.net>
To: Sawada Masahiko <sawada.mshk@gmail.com>
Cc: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@2ndquadrant.com>
Cc: Abhijit Menon-Sen <ams@2ndquadrant.com>
Cc: Stephen Frost <sfrost@snowman.net>
Cc: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@gmail.com>
Cc: PostgreSQL-development <pgsql-hackers@postgresql.org>
Subject: Re: Auditing extension for PostgreSQL (Take 2)
Date: Wed, 01 Apr 2015 13:46:51 -0400
Message-ID: <551C2F0B.3010305@pgmasters.net> (raw)
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Hi Sawada,

On 3/25/15 9:24 AM, David Steele wrote:
> On 3/25/15 7:46 AM, Sawada Masahiko wrote:
>> 2.
>> I got ERROR when executing function uses cursor.
>>
>> 1) create empty table (hoge table)
>> 2) create test function as follows.
>>
>> create function test() returns int as $$
>> declare
>>     cur1 cursor for select * from hoge;
>>     tmp int;
>> begin
>>     open cur1;
>>     fetch cur1 into tmp;
>>    return tmp;
>> end$$
>> language plpgsql ;
>>
>> 3) execute test function (got ERROR)
>> =# select test();
>> LOG:  AUDIT: SESSION,6,1,READ,SELECT,,,selecT test();
>> LOG:  AUDIT: SESSION,6,2,FUNCTION,EXECUTE,FUNCTION,public.test,selecT test();
>> LOG:  AUDIT: SESSION,6,3,READ,SELECT,,,select * from hoge
>> CONTEXT:  PL/pgSQL function test() line 6 at OPEN
>> ERROR:  pg_audit stack is already empty
>> STATEMENT:  selecT test();
>>
>> It seems like that the item in stack is already freed by deleting
>> pg_audit memory context (in MemoryContextDelete()),
>> before calling stack_pop in dropping of top-level Portal.

This has been fixed and I have attached a new patch.  I've seen this
with cursors before where the parent MemoryContext is freed before
control is returned to ProcessUtility.  I think that's strange behavior
but there's not a lot I can do about it.

The code I put in to deal with this situation was not quite robust
enough so I had to harden it a bit more.

Let me know if you see any other issues.

Thanks,
-- 
- David Steele
david@pgmasters.net

Attachments:

pg_audit-v6.patch (text/plain, 101.9K) download
diff --git a/contrib/Makefile b/contrib/Makefile
index 195d447..d8e75f4 100644
--- a/contrib/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/Makefile
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ SUBDIRS = \
 		pageinspect	\
 		passwordcheck	\
 		pg_archivecleanup \
+		pg_audit	\
 		pg_buffercache	\
 		pg_freespacemap \
 		pg_prewarm	\
diff --git a/contrib/pg_audit/Makefile b/contrib/pg_audit/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32bc6d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/pg_audit/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# pg_audit/Makefile
+
+MODULE = pg_audit
+MODULE_big = pg_audit
+OBJS = pg_audit.o
+
+EXTENSION = pg_audit
+
+DATA = pg_audit--1.0.0.sql
+
+ifdef USE_PGXS
+PG_CONFIG = pg_config
+PGXS := $(shell $(PG_CONFIG) --pgxs)
+include $(PGXS)
+else
+subdir = contrib/pg_audit
+top_builddir = ../..
+include $(top_builddir)/src/Makefile.global
+include $(top_srcdir)/contrib/contrib-global.mk
+endif
diff --git a/contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit--1.0.0.sql b/contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit--1.0.0.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d9ee83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit--1.0.0.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/* pg_audit/pg_audit--1.0.0.sql */
+
+-- complain if script is sourced in psql, rather than via CREATE EXTENSION
+\echo Use "CREATE EXTENSION pg_audit" to load this file.\quit
+
+CREATE FUNCTION pg_audit_ddl_command_end()
+	RETURNS event_trigger
+	LANGUAGE C
+	AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME', 'pg_audit_ddl_command_end';
+
+CREATE EVENT TRIGGER pg_audit_ddl_command_end
+	ON ddl_command_end
+	EXECUTE PROCEDURE pg_audit_ddl_command_end();
+
+CREATE FUNCTION pg_audit_sql_drop()
+	RETURNS event_trigger
+	LANGUAGE C
+	AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME', 'pg_audit_sql_drop';
+
+CREATE EVENT TRIGGER pg_audit_sql_drop
+	ON sql_drop
+	EXECUTE PROCEDURE pg_audit_sql_drop();
diff --git a/contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit.c b/contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b34df5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1688 @@
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * pg_audit.c
+ *
+ * An auditing extension for PostgreSQL. Improves on standard statement logging
+ * by adding more logging classes, object level logging, and providing
+ * fully-qualified object names for all DML and many DDL statements (See
+ * pg_audit.sgml for details).
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2015, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *		  contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit.c
+ *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+#include "postgres.h"
+
+#include "access/htup_details.h"
+#include "access/sysattr.h"
+#include "access/xact.h"
+#include "catalog/catalog.h"
+#include "catalog/objectaccess.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_class.h"
+#include "catalog/namespace.h"
+#include "commands/dbcommands.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
+#include "commands/event_trigger.h"
+#include "executor/executor.h"
+#include "executor/spi.h"
+#include "miscadmin.h"
+#include "libpq/auth.h"
+#include "nodes/nodes.h"
+#include "tcop/utility.h"
+#include "utils/acl.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
+#include "utils/guc.h"
+#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
+#include "utils/rel.h"
+#include "utils/syscache.h"
+#include "utils/timestamp.h"
+
+PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
+
+void _PG_init(void);
+
+/*
+ * Event trigger prototypes
+ */
+Datum pg_audit_ddl_command_end(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
+Datum pg_audit_sql_drop(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
+
+PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(pg_audit_ddl_command_end);
+PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(pg_audit_sql_drop);
+
+/*
+ * auditRole is the string value of the pg_audit.role GUC, which contains the
+ * role for grant-based auditing.
+ */
+char *auditRole = NULL;
+
+/*
+ * auditLog is the string value of the pg_audit.log GUC, e.g. "read, write, ddl"
+ * (it's not used by the module but is required by DefineCustomStringVariable).
+ * Each token corresponds to a flag in enum LogClass below. We convert the list
+ * of tokens into a bitmap in auditLogBitmap for internal use.
+ */
+char *auditLog = NULL;
+static uint64 auditLogBitmap = 0;
+
+/*
+ * String constants for audit types - used when logging to distinguish session
+ * vs. object auditing.
+ */
+#define AUDIT_TYPE_OBJECT	"OBJECT"
+#define AUDIT_TYPE_SESSION	"SESSION"
+
+/*
+ * String constants for log classes - used when processing tokens in the
+ * pg_audit.log GUC.
+ */
+#define CLASS_DDL			"DDL"
+#define CLASS_FUNCTION		"FUNCTION"
+#define CLASS_MISC			"MISC"
+#define CLASS_PARAMETER		"PARAMETER"
+#define CLASS_READ			"READ"
+#define CLASS_WRITE			"WRITE"
+
+#define CLASS_ALL			"ALL"
+#define CLASS_NONE			"NONE"
+
+/* Log class enum used to represent bits in auditLogBitmap */
+enum LogClass
+{
+	LOG_NONE = 0,
+
+	/* DDL: CREATE/DROP/ALTER */
+	LOG_DDL = (1 << 1),
+
+	/* Function execution */
+	LOG_FUNCTION = (1 << 2),
+
+	/* Statements not covered by another class */
+	LOG_MISC = (1 << 3),
+
+	/* Function execution */
+	LOG_PARAMETER = (1 << 4),
+
+	/* SELECT */
+	LOG_READ = (1 << 5),
+
+	/* INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, TRUNCATE */
+	LOG_WRITE = (1 << 6),
+
+	/* Absolutely everything */
+	LOG_ALL = ~(uint64)0
+};
+
+/* String constants for logging commands */
+#define COMMAND_DELETE		"DELETE"
+#define COMMAND_EXECUTE		"EXECUTE"
+#define COMMAND_INSERT		"INSERT"
+#define COMMAND_UPDATE		"UPDATE"
+#define COMMAND_SELECT		"SELECT"
+
+#define COMMAND_UNKNOWN		"UNKNOWN"
+
+/* String constants for logging object types */
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_COMPOSITE_TYPE	"COMPOSITE TYPE"
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_FOREIGN_TABLE	"FOREIGN TABLE"
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_FUNCTION		"FUNCTION"
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_INDEX			"INDEX"
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_TABLE			"TABLE"
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_TOASTVALUE		"TOASTVALUE"
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_MATVIEW			"MATERIALIZED VIEW"
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_SEQUENCE		"SEQUENCE"
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_VIEW			"VIEW"
+
+#define OBJECT_TYPE_UNKNOWN			"UNKNOWN"
+
+/*
+ * An AuditEvent represents an operation that potentially affects a single
+ * object. If a statement affects multiple objects multiple AuditEvents must be
+ * created to represent it.
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+	int64 statementId;
+	int64 substatementId;
+
+	LogStmtLevel logStmtLevel;
+	NodeTag commandTag;
+	const char *command;
+	const char *objectType;
+	char *objectName;
+	const char *commandText;
+	ParamListInfo paramList;
+
+	bool granted;
+	bool logged;
+} AuditEvent;
+
+/*
+ * A simple FIFO queue to keep track of the current stack of audit events.
+ */
+typedef struct AuditEventStackItem
+{
+	struct AuditEventStackItem *next;
+
+	AuditEvent auditEvent;
+
+	int64 stackId;
+
+	MemoryContext contextAudit;
+	MemoryContextCallback contextCallback;
+} AuditEventStackItem;
+
+AuditEventStackItem *auditEventStack = NULL;
+
+/*
+ * Track when an internal statement is running so it is not logged
+ */
+static bool internalStatement = false;
+
+/*
+ * Track running total for statements and substatements and whether or not
+ * anything has been logged since this statement began.
+ */
+static int64 statementTotal = 0;
+static int64 substatementTotal = 0;
+static int64 stackTotal = 0;
+
+static bool statementLogged = false;
+
+/*
+ * Stack functions
+ *
+ * Audit events can go down to multiple levels so a stack is maintained to keep
+ * track of them.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Respond to callbacks registered with MemoryContextRegisterResetCallback().
+ * Removes the event(s) off the stack that have become obsolete once the
+ * MemoryContext has been freed.  The callback should always be freeing the top
+ * of the stack, but the code is tolerant of out-of-order callbacks.
+ */
+static void
+stack_free(void *stackFree)
+{
+	AuditEventStackItem *nextItem = auditEventStack;
+
+	/* Only process if the stack contains items */
+	while (nextItem != NULL)
+	{
+		/* Check if this item matches the item to be freed */
+		if (nextItem == (AuditEventStackItem *)stackFree)
+		{
+			/* Move top of stack to the item after the freed item */
+			auditEventStack = nextItem->next;
+
+			/* If the stack is not empty */
+			if (auditEventStack == NULL)
+			{
+				/* Reset internal statement in case of error */
+				internalStatement = false;
+
+				/* Reset sub statement total */
+				substatementTotal = 0;
+
+				/* Reset statement logged flag total */
+				statementLogged = false;
+			}
+
+			return;
+		}
+
+		/* Still looking, test the next item */
+		nextItem = nextItem->next;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Push a new audit event onto the stack and create a new memory context to
+ * store it.
+ */
+static AuditEventStackItem *
+stack_push()
+{
+	MemoryContext contextAudit;
+	MemoryContext contextOld;
+	AuditEventStackItem *stackItem;
+
+	/* Create a new memory context */
+	contextAudit = AllocSetContextCreate(CurrentMemoryContext,
+										 "pg_audit stack context",
+										 ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MINSIZE,
+										 ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_INITSIZE,
+										 ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE);
+	contextOld = MemoryContextSwitchTo(contextAudit);
+
+	/* Allocate the stack item */
+	stackItem = palloc0(sizeof(AuditEventStackItem));
+
+	/* Store memory contexts */
+	stackItem->contextAudit = contextAudit;
+
+	/* If item already on stack then push it down */
+	if (auditEventStack != NULL)
+		stackItem->next = auditEventStack;
+	else
+		stackItem->next = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the unique stackId - used to keep the stack sane when memory
+	 * contexts are freed unexpectedly.
+	 */
+	stackItem->stackId = ++stackTotal;
+
+	/*
+	 * Setup a callback in case an error happens.  stack_free() will truncate
+	 * the stack at this item.
+	 */
+	stackItem->contextCallback.func = stack_free;
+	stackItem->contextCallback.arg = (void *)stackItem;
+	MemoryContextRegisterResetCallback(contextAudit,
+									   &stackItem->contextCallback);
+
+	/* Push item on the stack */
+	auditEventStack = stackItem;
+
+	/* Return to the old memory context */
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(contextOld);
+
+	/* Return the stack item */
+	return stackItem;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Pop an audit event from the stack by deleting the memory context that
+ * contains it.  The callback to stack_free() does the actual pop.
+ */
+static void
+stack_pop(int64 stackId)
+{
+	/* Make sure what we want to delete is at the top of the stack */
+	if (auditEventStack != NULL && auditEventStack->stackId == stackId)
+	{
+		MemoryContextDelete(auditEventStack->contextAudit);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Appends a properly quoted CSV field to StringInfo.
+ */
+static void
+append_valid_csv(StringInfoData *buffer, const char *appendStr)
+{
+	const char *pChar;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the append string is null then return.  NULL fields are not quoted
+	 * in CSV
+	 */
+	if (appendStr == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	/* Only format for CSV if appendStr contains: ", comma, \n, \r */
+	if (strstr(appendStr, ",") || strstr(appendStr, "\"") ||
+		strstr(appendStr, "\n") || strstr(appendStr, "\r"))
+	{
+		appendStringInfoCharMacro(buffer, '"');
+
+		for (pChar = appendStr; *pChar; pChar++)
+		{
+			if (*pChar == '"') /* double single quotes */
+				appendStringInfoCharMacro(buffer, *pChar);
+
+			appendStringInfoCharMacro(buffer, *pChar);
+		}
+
+		appendStringInfoCharMacro(buffer, '"');
+	}
+	/* Else just append */
+	else
+	{
+		appendStringInfoString(buffer, appendStr);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Takes an AuditEvent, classifies it, then logs it if permissions were granted
+ * via roles or if the statement belongs in a class that is being logged.
+ */
+static void
+log_audit_event(AuditEventStackItem *stackItem)
+{
+	MemoryContext contextOld;
+	StringInfoData auditStr;
+
+	/* By default put everything in the MISC class. */
+	enum LogClass class = LOG_MISC;
+	const char *className = CLASS_MISC;
+
+	/* Classify the statement using log stmt level and the command tag */
+	switch (stackItem->auditEvent.logStmtLevel)
+	{
+		case LOGSTMT_MOD:
+			className = CLASS_WRITE;
+			class = LOG_WRITE;
+			break;
+
+		case LOGSTMT_DDL:
+			className = CLASS_DDL;
+			class = LOG_DDL;
+
+		case LOGSTMT_ALL:
+			switch (stackItem->auditEvent.commandTag)
+			{
+				case T_CopyStmt:
+				case T_SelectStmt:
+				case T_PrepareStmt:
+				case T_PlannedStmt:
+				case T_ExecuteStmt:
+					className = CLASS_READ;
+					class = LOG_READ;
+					break;
+
+				case T_VacuumStmt:
+				case T_ReindexStmt:
+					className = CLASS_DDL;
+					class = LOG_DDL;
+					break;
+
+				case T_DoStmt:
+					className = CLASS_FUNCTION;
+					class = LOG_FUNCTION;
+					break;
+
+				default:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case LOGSTMT_NONE:
+			break;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Only log the statement if:
+	 *
+	 * 1. If permissions were granted via roles
+	 * 2. The statement belongs to a class that is being logged
+	 */
+	if (!stackItem->auditEvent.granted && !(auditLogBitmap & class))
+		return;
+
+	/* Use audit memory context in case something is not freed */
+	contextOld = MemoryContextSwitchTo(stackItem->contextAudit);
+
+	/* Set statement and substatement Ids */
+	if (stackItem->auditEvent.statementId == 0)
+	{
+		/* If nothing has been logged yet then create a new statement Id */
+		if (!statementLogged)
+		{
+			statementTotal++;
+			statementLogged = true;
+		}
+
+		stackItem->auditEvent.statementId = statementTotal;
+		stackItem->auditEvent.substatementId = ++substatementTotal;
+	}
+
+	/* Create the audit string */
+	initStringInfo(&auditStr);
+
+	append_valid_csv(&auditStr, stackItem->auditEvent.command);
+	appendStringInfoCharMacro(&auditStr, ',');
+
+	append_valid_csv(&auditStr, stackItem->auditEvent.objectType);
+	appendStringInfoCharMacro(&auditStr, ',');
+
+	append_valid_csv(&auditStr, stackItem->auditEvent.objectName);
+	appendStringInfoCharMacro(&auditStr, ',');
+
+	append_valid_csv(&auditStr, stackItem->auditEvent.commandText);
+
+	/* If parameter logging is turned on and there are parameters to log */
+	if (auditLogBitmap & LOG_PARAMETER &&
+		stackItem->auditEvent.paramList != NULL &&
+		stackItem->auditEvent.paramList->numParams > 0 &&
+		!IsAbortedTransactionBlockState())
+	{
+		ParamListInfo paramList = stackItem->auditEvent.paramList;
+		int paramIdx;
+
+		/* Iterate through all params */
+		for (paramIdx = 0; paramIdx < paramList->numParams; paramIdx++)
+		{
+			ParamExternData *prm = &paramList->params[paramIdx];
+			Oid 			 typeOutput;
+			bool 			 typeIsVarLena;
+			char 			*paramStr;
+
+			/* Add a comma for each param */
+			appendStringInfoCharMacro(&auditStr, ',');
+
+			/* Skip this param if null or if oid is invalid */
+			if (prm->isnull || !OidIsValid(prm->ptype))
+			{
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/* Output the string */
+			getTypeOutputInfo(prm->ptype, &typeOutput, &typeIsVarLena);
+			paramStr = OidOutputFunctionCall(typeOutput, prm->value);
+
+			append_valid_csv(&auditStr, paramStr);
+			pfree(paramStr);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Log the audit string */
+	ereport(LOG,
+		(errmsg("AUDIT: %s,%ld,%ld,%s,%s",
+			stackItem->auditEvent.granted ?
+				AUDIT_TYPE_OBJECT : AUDIT_TYPE_SESSION,
+			stackItem->auditEvent.statementId,
+			stackItem->auditEvent.substatementId,
+			className, auditStr.data),
+		 errhidestmt(true)));
+
+	/* Mark the audit event as logged */
+	stackItem->auditEvent.logged = true;
+
+	/* Switch back to the old memory context */
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(contextOld);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if the role or any inherited role has any permission in the mask.  The
+ * public role is excluded from this check and superuser permissions are not
+ * considered.
+ */
+static bool
+audit_on_acl(Datum aclDatum,
+			 Oid auditOid,
+			 AclMode mask)
+{
+	bool		result = false;
+	Acl		   *acl;
+	AclItem	   *aclItemData;
+	int			aclIndex;
+	int			aclTotal;
+
+	/* Detoast column's ACL if necessary */
+	acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
+
+	/* Get the acl list and total */
+	aclTotal = ACL_NUM(acl);
+	aclItemData = ACL_DAT(acl);
+
+	/* Check privileges granted directly to auditOid */
+	for (aclIndex = 0; aclIndex < aclTotal; aclIndex++)
+	{
+		AclItem *aclItem = &aclItemData[aclIndex];
+
+		if (aclItem->ai_grantee == auditOid &&
+			aclItem->ai_privs & mask)
+		{
+			result = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Check privileges granted indirectly via role memberships. We do this in
+	 * a separate pass to minimize expensive indirect membership tests.  In
+	 * particular, it's worth testing whether a given ACL entry grants any
+	 * privileges still of interest before we perform the has_privs_of_role
+	 * test.
+	 */
+	if (!result)
+	{
+		for (aclIndex = 0; aclIndex < aclTotal; aclIndex++)
+		{
+			AclItem *aclItem = &aclItemData[aclIndex];
+
+			/* Don't test public or auditOid (it has been tested already) */
+			if (aclItem->ai_grantee == ACL_ID_PUBLIC ||
+				aclItem->ai_grantee == auditOid)
+				continue;
+
+			/*
+			 * Check that the role has the required privileges and that it is
+			 * inherited by auditOid.
+			 */
+			if (aclItem->ai_privs & mask &&
+				has_privs_of_role(auditOid, aclItem->ai_grantee))
+			{
+				result = true;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
+	if (acl && (Pointer) acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
+		pfree(acl);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if a role has any of the permissions in the mask on a relation.
+ */
+static bool
+audit_on_relation(Oid relOid,
+				  Oid auditOid,
+				  AclMode mask)
+{
+	bool		result = false;
+	HeapTuple	tuple;
+	Datum		aclDatum;
+	bool		isNull;
+
+	/* Get relation tuple from pg_class */
+	tuple = SearchSysCache1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(relOid));
+
+	/* Return false if tuple is not valid */
+	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
+		return false;
+
+	/* Get the relation's ACL */
+	aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(RELOID, tuple, Anum_pg_class_relacl,
+							   &isNull);
+
+	/* If not null then test */
+	if (!isNull)
+		result = audit_on_acl(aclDatum, auditOid, mask);
+
+	/* Free the relation tuple */
+	ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if a role has any of the permissions in the mask on an attribute.
+ */
+static bool
+audit_on_attribute(Oid relOid,
+				   AttrNumber attNum,
+				   Oid auditOid,
+				   AclMode mask)
+{
+	bool		result = false;
+	HeapTuple	attTuple;
+	Datum		aclDatum;
+	bool		isNull;
+
+	/* Get the attribute's ACL */
+	attTuple = SearchSysCache2(ATTNUM,
+							   ObjectIdGetDatum(relOid),
+							   Int16GetDatum(attNum));
+
+	/* Return false if attribute is invalid */
+	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(attTuple))
+		return false;
+
+	/* Only process attribute that have not been dropped */
+	if (!((Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(attTuple))->attisdropped)
+	{
+		aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(ATTNUM, attTuple, Anum_pg_attribute_attacl,
+								   &isNull);
+
+		if (!isNull)
+			result = audit_on_acl(aclDatum, auditOid, mask);
+	}
+
+	/* Free attribute */
+	ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if a role has any of the permissions in the mask on an attribute in
+ * the provided set.  If the set is empty, then all valid attributes in the
+ * relation will be tested.
+ */
+static bool
+audit_on_any_attribute(Oid relOid,
+					   Oid auditOid,
+					   Bitmapset *attributeSet,
+					   AclMode mode)
+{
+	bool result = false;
+	AttrNumber col;
+	Bitmapset *tmpSet;
+
+	/* If bms is empty then check for any column match */
+	if (bms_is_empty(attributeSet))
+	{
+		HeapTuple	classTuple;
+		AttrNumber	nattrs;
+		AttrNumber	curr_att;
+
+		/* Get relation to determine total attribute */
+		classTuple = SearchSysCache1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(relOid));
+
+		if (!HeapTupleIsValid(classTuple))
+			return false;
+
+		nattrs = ((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(classTuple))->relnatts;
+		ReleaseSysCache(classTuple);
+
+		/* Check each column */
+		for (curr_att = 1; curr_att <= nattrs; curr_att++)
+		{
+			if (audit_on_attribute(relOid, curr_att, auditOid, mode))
+				return true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* bms_first_member is destructive, so make a copy before using it. */
+	tmpSet = bms_copy(attributeSet);
+
+	/* Check each column */
+	while ((col = bms_first_member(tmpSet)) >= 0)
+	{
+		col += FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber;
+
+		if (col != InvalidAttrNumber &&
+			audit_on_attribute(relOid, col, auditOid, mode))
+		{
+			result = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Free the column set */
+	bms_free(tmpSet);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create AuditEvents for SELECT/DML operations via executor permissions checks.
+ */
+static void
+log_select_dml(Oid auditOid, List *rangeTabls)
+{
+	ListCell *lr;
+	bool first = true;
+	bool found = false;
+
+	/* Do not log if this is an internal statement */
+	if (internalStatement)
+		return;
+
+	foreach(lr, rangeTabls)
+	{
+		Oid relOid;
+		Relation rel;
+		RangeTblEntry *rte = lfirst(lr);
+
+		/* We only care about tables, and can ignore subqueries etc. */
+		if (rte->rtekind != RTE_RELATION)
+			continue;
+
+		found = true;
+
+		/*
+		 * Filter out any system relations
+		 */
+		relOid = rte->relid;
+		rel = relation_open(relOid, NoLock);
+
+		if (IsSystemNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(rel)))
+		{
+			relation_close(rel, NoLock);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * We don't have access to the parsetree here, so we have to generate
+		 * the node type, object type, and command tag by decoding
+		 * rte->requiredPerms and rte->relkind.
+		 */
+		if (rte->requiredPerms & ACL_INSERT)
+		{
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_MOD;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.commandTag = T_InsertStmt;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_INSERT;
+		}
+		else if (rte->requiredPerms & ACL_UPDATE)
+		{
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_MOD;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.commandTag = T_UpdateStmt;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_UPDATE;
+		}
+		else if (rte->requiredPerms & ACL_DELETE)
+		{
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_MOD;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.commandTag = T_DeleteStmt;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_DELETE;
+		}
+		else if (rte->requiredPerms & ACL_SELECT)
+		{
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_ALL;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.commandTag = T_SelectStmt;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_SELECT;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_ALL;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.commandTag = T_Invalid;
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_UNKNOWN;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Fill values in the event struct that are required for session
+		 * logging.
+		 */
+		auditEventStack->auditEvent.granted = false;
+
+		/* If this is the first rte then session log */
+		if (first)
+		{
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectName = "";
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType = "";
+
+			log_audit_event(auditEventStack);
+
+			first = false;
+		}
+
+		/* Get the relation type */
+		switch (rte->relkind)
+		{
+			case RELKIND_RELATION:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_TABLE;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_INDEX:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_INDEX;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_SEQUENCE:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_SEQUENCE;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_TOASTVALUE:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_TOASTVALUE;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_VIEW:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_VIEW;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_COMPOSITE_TYPE:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_COMPOSITE_TYPE;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_FOREIGN_TABLE:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_FOREIGN_TABLE;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_MATVIEW:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_MATVIEW;
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+				break;
+		}
+
+		/* Get the relation name */
+		auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectName =
+			quote_qualified_identifier(get_namespace_name(
+									   RelationGetNamespace(rel)),
+									   RelationGetRelationName(rel));
+		relation_close(rel, NoLock);
+
+		/* Perform object auditing only if the audit role is valid */
+		if (auditOid != InvalidOid)
+		{
+			AclMode auditPerms = (ACL_SELECT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_INSERT) &
+								 rte->requiredPerms;
+
+			/*
+			 * If any of the required permissions for the relation are granted
+			 * to the audit role then audit the relation
+			 */
+			if (audit_on_relation(relOid, auditOid, auditPerms))
+			{
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.granted = true;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * Else check if the audit role has column-level permissions for
+			 * select, insert, or update.
+			 */
+			else if (auditPerms != 0)
+			{
+				/*
+				 * Check the select columns to see if the audit role has
+				 * priveleges on any of them.
+				 */
+				if (auditPerms & ACL_SELECT)
+				{
+					auditEventStack->auditEvent.granted =
+						audit_on_any_attribute(relOid, auditOid,
+											   rte->selectedCols,
+											   ACL_SELECT);
+				}
+
+				/*
+				 * Check the modified columns to see if the audit role has
+				 * privileges on any of them.
+				 */
+				if (!auditEventStack->auditEvent.granted)
+				{
+					auditPerms &= (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE);
+
+					if (auditPerms)
+					{
+						auditEventStack->auditEvent.granted =
+							audit_on_any_attribute(relOid, auditOid,
+												   rte->modifiedCols,
+												   auditPerms);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Only do relation level logging if a grant was found. */
+		if (auditEventStack->auditEvent.granted)
+		{
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.logged = false;
+			log_audit_event(auditEventStack);
+		}
+
+		pfree(auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectName);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If no tables were found that means that RangeTbls was empty or all
+	 * relations were in the system schema.  In that case still log a
+	 * session record.
+	 */
+	if (!found)
+	{
+		auditEventStack->auditEvent.granted = false;
+		auditEventStack->auditEvent.logged = false;
+
+		log_audit_event(auditEventStack);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create AuditEvents for certain kinds of CREATE, ALTER, and DELETE statements
+ * where the object can be logged.
+ */
+static void
+log_create_alter_drop(Oid classId,
+					  Oid objectId)
+{
+	/* Only perform when class is relation */
+	if (classId == RelationRelationId)
+	{
+		Relation rel;
+		Form_pg_class class;
+
+		/* Open the relation */
+		rel = relation_open(objectId, NoLock);
+
+		/* Filter out any system relations */
+		if (IsToastNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(rel)))
+		{
+			relation_close(rel, NoLock);
+			return;
+		}
+
+		/* Get rel information and close it */
+		class = RelationGetForm(rel);
+		auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectName =
+			quote_qualified_identifier(get_namespace_name(
+									   RelationGetNamespace(rel)),
+									   RelationGetRelationName(rel));
+		relation_close(rel, NoLock);
+
+		/* Set object type based on relkind */
+		switch (class->relkind)
+		{
+			case RELKIND_RELATION:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_TABLE;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_INDEX:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_INDEX;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_SEQUENCE:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_SEQUENCE;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_VIEW:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_VIEW;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_COMPOSITE_TYPE:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_COMPOSITE_TYPE;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_FOREIGN_TABLE:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_FOREIGN_TABLE;
+				break;
+
+			case RELKIND_MATVIEW:
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+					OBJECT_TYPE_MATVIEW;
+				break;
+
+			/*
+			 * Any other cases will be handled by log_utility_command().
+			 */
+			default:
+				return;
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create AuditEvents for non-catalog function execution, as detected by
+ * log_object_access() below.
+ */
+static void
+log_function_execute(Oid objectId)
+{
+	HeapTuple proctup;
+	Form_pg_proc proc;
+	AuditEventStackItem *stackItem;
+
+	/* Get info about the function. */
+	proctup = SearchSysCache1(PROCOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(objectId));
+
+	if (!proctup)
+		elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", objectId);
+	proc = (Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(proctup);
+
+	/*
+	 * Logging execution of all pg_catalog functions would make the log
+	 * unusably noisy.
+	 */
+	if (IsSystemNamespace(proc->pronamespace))
+	{
+		ReleaseSysCache(proctup);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Push audit event onto the stack */
+	stackItem = stack_push();
+
+	/* Generate the fully-qualified function name. */
+	stackItem->auditEvent.objectName =
+		quote_qualified_identifier(get_namespace_name(proc->pronamespace),
+								   NameStr(proc->proname));
+	ReleaseSysCache(proctup);
+
+	/* Log the function call */
+	stackItem->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_ALL;
+	stackItem->auditEvent.commandTag = T_DoStmt;
+	stackItem->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_EXECUTE;
+	stackItem->auditEvent.objectType = OBJECT_TYPE_FUNCTION;
+	stackItem->auditEvent.commandText = stackItem->next->auditEvent.commandText;
+
+	log_audit_event(stackItem);
+
+	/* Pop audit event from the stack */
+	stack_pop(stackItem->stackId);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Log object accesses (which is more about DDL than DML, even though it
+ * sounds like the latter).
+ */
+static void
+log_object_access(ObjectAccessType access,
+				  Oid classId,
+				  Oid objectId,
+				  int subId,
+				  void *arg)
+{
+	switch (access)
+	{
+		/* Log execute */
+		case OAT_FUNCTION_EXECUTE:
+			if (auditLogBitmap & LOG_FUNCTION)
+				log_function_execute(objectId);
+			break;
+
+		/* Log create */
+		case OAT_POST_CREATE:
+			if (auditLogBitmap & LOG_DDL)
+			{
+				ObjectAccessPostCreate *pc = arg;
+
+				if (pc->is_internal)
+					return;
+
+				log_create_alter_drop(classId, objectId);
+			}
+			break;
+
+		/* Log alter */
+		case OAT_POST_ALTER:
+			if (auditLogBitmap & LOG_DDL)
+			{
+				ObjectAccessPostAlter *pa = arg;
+
+				if (pa->is_internal)
+					return;
+
+				log_create_alter_drop(classId, objectId);
+			}
+			break;
+
+		/* Log drop */
+		case OAT_DROP:
+			if (auditLogBitmap & LOG_DDL)
+			{
+				ObjectAccessDrop *drop = arg;
+
+				if (drop->dropflags & PERFORM_DELETION_INTERNAL)
+					return;
+
+				log_create_alter_drop(classId, objectId);
+			}
+			break;
+
+		/* All others processed by log_utility_command() */
+		default:
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Hook functions
+ */
+static ExecutorCheckPerms_hook_type next_ExecutorCheckPerms_hook = NULL;
+static ProcessUtility_hook_type next_ProcessUtility_hook = NULL;
+static object_access_hook_type next_object_access_hook = NULL;
+static ExecutorStart_hook_type next_ExecutorStart_hook = NULL;
+static ExecutorEnd_hook_type next_ExecutorEnd_hook = NULL;
+
+/*
+ * Hook ExecutorStart to get the query text and basic command type for queries
+ * that do not contain a table so can't be idenitified accurately in
+ * ExecutorCheckPerms.
+ */
+static void
+pg_audit_ExecutorStart_hook(QueryDesc *queryDesc, int eflags)
+{
+	AuditEventStackItem *stackItem = NULL;
+
+	if (!internalStatement)
+	{
+		/* Allocate the audit event */
+		stackItem = stack_push();
+
+		/* Initialize command */
+		switch (queryDesc->operation)
+		{
+			case CMD_SELECT:
+				stackItem->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_ALL;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.commandTag = T_SelectStmt;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_SELECT;
+				break;
+
+			case CMD_INSERT:
+				stackItem->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_MOD;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.commandTag = T_InsertStmt;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_INSERT;
+				break;
+
+			case CMD_UPDATE:
+				stackItem->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_MOD;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.commandTag = T_UpdateStmt;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_UPDATE;
+				break;
+
+			case CMD_DELETE:
+				stackItem->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_MOD;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.commandTag = T_DeleteStmt;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_DELETE;
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				stackItem->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = LOGSTMT_ALL;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.commandTag = T_Invalid;
+				stackItem->auditEvent.command = COMMAND_UNKNOWN;
+				break;
+		}
+
+		/* Initialize the audit event */
+		stackItem->auditEvent.objectName = "";
+		stackItem->auditEvent.objectType = "";
+		stackItem->auditEvent.commandText = queryDesc->sourceText;
+		stackItem->auditEvent.paramList = queryDesc->params;
+	}
+
+	/* Call the previous hook or standard function */
+	if (next_ExecutorStart_hook)
+		next_ExecutorStart_hook(queryDesc, eflags);
+	else
+		standard_ExecutorStart(queryDesc, eflags);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Hook ExecutorCheckPerms to do session and object auditing for DML.
+ */
+static bool
+pg_audit_ExecutorCheckPerms_hook(List *rangeTabls, bool abort)
+{
+	Oid auditOid;
+
+	/* Get the audit oid if the role exists. */
+	auditOid = get_role_oid(auditRole, true);
+
+	/* Log DML if the audit role is valid or session logging is enabled. */
+	if ((auditOid != InvalidOid || auditLogBitmap != 0) &&
+		!IsAbortedTransactionBlockState())
+		log_select_dml(auditOid, rangeTabls);
+
+	/* Call the next hook function. */
+	if (next_ExecutorCheckPerms_hook &&
+		!(*next_ExecutorCheckPerms_hook) (rangeTabls, abort))
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Hook ExecutorEnd to pop statement audit event off the stack.
+ */
+static void
+pg_audit_ExecutorEnd_hook(QueryDesc *queryDesc)
+{
+	/* Call the next hook or standard function */
+	if (next_ExecutorEnd_hook)
+		next_ExecutorEnd_hook(queryDesc);
+	else
+		standard_ExecutorEnd(queryDesc);
+
+	/* Pop the audit event off the stack */
+	if (!internalStatement)
+	{
+		stack_pop(auditEventStack->stackId);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Hook ProcessUtility to do session auditing for DDL and utility commands.
+ */
+static void
+pg_audit_ProcessUtility_hook(Node *parsetree,
+							 const char *queryString,
+							 ProcessUtilityContext context,
+							 ParamListInfo params,
+							 DestReceiver *dest,
+							 char *completionTag)
+{
+	AuditEventStackItem *stackItem = NULL;
+	int64 stackId;
+
+	/* Allocate the audit event */
+	if (!IsAbortedTransactionBlockState())
+	{
+		/* Process top level utility statement */
+		if (context == PROCESS_UTILITY_TOPLEVEL)
+		{
+			if (auditEventStack != NULL)
+				elog(ERROR, "pg_audit stack is not empty");
+
+			/* Set params */
+			stackItem = stack_push();
+			stackItem->auditEvent.paramList = params;
+		}
+		else
+			stackItem = stack_push();
+
+		stackId = stackItem->stackId;
+		stackItem->auditEvent.logStmtLevel = GetCommandLogLevel(parsetree);
+		stackItem->auditEvent.commandTag = nodeTag(parsetree);
+		stackItem->auditEvent.command = CreateCommandTag(parsetree);
+		stackItem->auditEvent.objectName = "";
+		stackItem->auditEvent.objectType = "";
+		stackItem->auditEvent.commandText = queryString;
+
+		/*
+		 * If this is a DO block log it before calling the next ProcessUtility
+		 * hook.
+		 */
+		if (auditLogBitmap != 0 &&
+			stackItem->auditEvent.commandTag == T_DoStmt &&
+			!IsAbortedTransactionBlockState())
+		{
+			log_audit_event(stackItem);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Call the standard process utility chain. */
+	if (next_ProcessUtility_hook)
+		(*next_ProcessUtility_hook) (parsetree, queryString, context,
+									 params, dest, completionTag);
+	else
+		standard_ProcessUtility(parsetree, queryString, context,
+								params, dest, completionTag);
+
+	/* Process the audit event if there is one. */
+	if (stackItem != NULL)
+	{
+		/* Log the utility command if logging is on, the command has not already
+		 * been logged by another hook, and the transaction is not aborted. */
+		if (auditLogBitmap != 0 && !stackItem->auditEvent.logged &&
+			!IsAbortedTransactionBlockState())
+			log_audit_event(stackItem);
+
+		stack_pop(stackId);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Hook object_access_hook to provide fully-qualified object names for execute,
+ * create, drop, and alter commands.  Most of the audit information is filled in
+ * by log_utility_command().
+ */
+static void
+pg_audit_object_access_hook(ObjectAccessType access,
+							Oid classId,
+							Oid objectId,
+							int subId,
+							void *arg)
+{
+	if (auditLogBitmap != 0 && !IsAbortedTransactionBlockState() &&
+		auditLogBitmap & (LOG_DDL | LOG_FUNCTION))
+		log_object_access(access, classId, objectId, subId, arg);
+
+	if (next_object_access_hook)
+		(*next_object_access_hook) (access, classId, objectId, subId, arg);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Event trigger functions
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Supply additional data for (non drop) statements that have event trigger
+ * support and can be deparsed.
+ */
+Datum
+pg_audit_ddl_command_end(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	/* Continue only if session logging is enabled */
+	if (auditLogBitmap != LOG_DDL)
+	{
+		EventTriggerData *eventData;
+		int				  result, row;
+		TupleDesc		  spiTupDesc;
+		const char		 *query;
+		MemoryContext 	  contextQuery;
+		MemoryContext 	  contextOld;
+
+		/* This is an internal statement - do not log it */
+		internalStatement = true;
+
+		/* Make sure the fuction was fired as a trigger */
+		if (!CALLED_AS_EVENT_TRIGGER(fcinfo))
+			elog(ERROR, "not fired by event trigger manager");
+
+		/* Switch memory context */
+		contextQuery = AllocSetContextCreate(
+						CurrentMemoryContext,
+						"pg_audit_func_ddl_command_end temporary context",
+						ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MINSIZE,
+						ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_INITSIZE,
+						ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE);
+		contextOld = MemoryContextSwitchTo(contextQuery);
+
+		/* Get information about triggered events */
+		eventData = (EventTriggerData *) fcinfo->context;
+
+		/* Return objects affected by the (non drop) DDL statement */
+		query = "SELECT classid, objid, objsubid, UPPER(object_type), schema,\n"
+				"       identity, command\n"
+				"  FROM pg_event_trigger_get_creation_commands()";
+
+		/* Attempt to connect */
+		result = SPI_connect();
+
+		if (result < 0)
+			elog(ERROR, "pg_audit_ddl_command_end: SPI_connect returned %d",
+						result);
+
+		/* Execute the query */
+		result = SPI_execute(query, true, 0);
+
+		if (result != SPI_OK_SELECT)
+			elog(ERROR, "pg_audit_ddl_command_end: SPI_execute returned %d",
+						result);
+
+		/* Iterate returned rows */
+		spiTupDesc = SPI_tuptable->tupdesc;
+
+		for (row = 0; row < SPI_processed; row++)
+		{
+			HeapTuple  spiTuple;
+			bool	   isNull;
+
+			spiTuple = SPI_tuptable->vals[row];
+
+			/* Supply addition data to current audit event */
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.logStmtLevel =
+				GetCommandLogLevel(eventData->parsetree);
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.commandTag =
+				nodeTag(eventData->parsetree);
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.command =
+				CreateCommandTag(eventData->parsetree);
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectName =
+				SPI_getvalue(spiTuple, spiTupDesc, 6);
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+				SPI_getvalue(spiTuple, spiTupDesc, 4);
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.commandText =
+				TextDatumGetCString(
+					DirectFunctionCall1(pg_event_trigger_expand_command,
+										SPI_getbinval(spiTuple, spiTupDesc,
+													  7, &isNull)));
+
+			/* Log the audit event */
+			log_audit_event(auditEventStack);
+		}
+
+		/* Complete the query */
+		SPI_finish();
+
+		/* Switch to the old memory context */
+		MemoryContextSwitchTo(contextOld);
+		MemoryContextDelete(contextQuery);
+
+		/* No longer in an internal statement */
+		internalStatement = false;
+	}
+
+	PG_RETURN_NULL();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Supply additional data for drop statements that have event trigger support.
+ */
+Datum
+pg_audit_sql_drop(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	if (auditLogBitmap & LOG_DDL)
+	{
+		int				  result, row;
+		TupleDesc		  spiTupDesc;
+		const char		 *query;
+		MemoryContext 	  contextQuery;
+		MemoryContext 	  contextOld;
+
+		/* This is an internal statement - do not log it */
+		internalStatement = true;
+
+		/* Make sure the fuction was fired as a trigger */
+		if (!CALLED_AS_EVENT_TRIGGER(fcinfo))
+			elog(ERROR, "not fired by event trigger manager");
+
+		/* Switch memory context */
+		contextQuery = AllocSetContextCreate(
+						CurrentMemoryContext,
+						"pg_audit_func_ddl_command_end temporary context",
+						ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MINSIZE,
+						ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_INITSIZE,
+						ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE);
+		contextOld = MemoryContextSwitchTo(contextQuery);
+
+		/* Return objects affected by the drop statement */
+		query = "SELECT classid, objid, objsubid, UPPER(object_type),\n"
+				"       schema_name, object_name, object_identity\n"
+				"  FROM pg_event_trigger_dropped_objects()";
+
+		/* Attempt to connect */
+		result = SPI_connect();
+
+		if (result < 0)
+			elog(ERROR, "pg_audit_ddl_drop: SPI_connect returned %d",
+						result);
+
+		/* Execute the query */
+		result = SPI_execute(query, true, 0);
+
+		if (result != SPI_OK_SELECT)
+			elog(ERROR, "pg_audit_ddl_drop: SPI_execute returned %d",
+						result);
+
+		/* Iterate returned rows */
+		spiTupDesc = SPI_tuptable->tupdesc;
+
+		for (row = 0; row < SPI_processed; row++)
+		{
+			HeapTuple  spiTuple;
+			char *schemaName;
+
+			spiTuple = SPI_tuptable->vals[row];
+
+			auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType =
+				SPI_getvalue(spiTuple, spiTupDesc, 4);
+			schemaName = SPI_getvalue(spiTuple, spiTupDesc, 5);
+
+			if (!(pg_strcasecmp(auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectType,
+							"TYPE") == 0 ||
+				  pg_strcasecmp(schemaName, "pg_toast") == 0))
+			{
+				auditEventStack->auditEvent.objectName =
+						SPI_getvalue(spiTuple, spiTupDesc, 7);
+
+				log_audit_event(auditEventStack);
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Complete the query */
+		SPI_finish();
+
+		/* Switch to the old memory context */
+		MemoryContextSwitchTo(contextOld);
+		MemoryContextDelete(contextQuery);
+
+		/* No longer in an internal statement */
+		internalStatement = false;
+	}
+
+	PG_RETURN_NULL();
+}
+
+/*
+ * GUC check and assign functions
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Take a pg_audit.log value such as "read, write, dml", verify that each of the
+ * comma-separated tokens corresponds to a LogClass value, and convert them into
+ * a bitmap that log_audit_event can check.
+ */
+static bool
+check_pg_audit_log(char **newval, void **extra, GucSource source)
+{
+	List *flags;
+	char *rawval;
+	ListCell *lt;
+	uint64 *f;
+
+	/* Make sure newval is a comma-separated list of tokens. */
+	rawval = pstrdup(*newval);
+	if (!SplitIdentifierString(rawval, ',', &flags))
+	{
+		GUC_check_errdetail("List syntax is invalid");
+		list_free(flags);
+		pfree(rawval);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Check that we recognise each token, and add it to the bitmap we're
+	 * building up in a newly-allocated uint64 *f.
+	 */
+	f = (uint64 *) malloc(sizeof(uint64));
+	if (!f)
+		return false;
+	*f = 0;
+
+	foreach(lt, flags)
+	{
+		bool subtract = false;
+		uint64 class;
+
+		/* Retrieve a token */
+		char *token = (char *)lfirst(lt);
+
+		/* If token is preceded by -, then then token is subtractive. */
+		if (strstr(token, "-") == token)
+		{
+			token = token + 1;
+			subtract = true;
+		}
+
+		/* Test each token. */
+		if (pg_strcasecmp(token, CLASS_NONE) == 0)
+			class = LOG_NONE;
+		else if (pg_strcasecmp(token, CLASS_ALL) == 0)
+			class = LOG_ALL;
+		else if (pg_strcasecmp(token, CLASS_DDL) == 0)
+			class = LOG_DDL;
+		else if (pg_strcasecmp(token, CLASS_FUNCTION) == 0)
+			class = LOG_FUNCTION;
+		else if (pg_strcasecmp(token, CLASS_MISC) == 0)
+			class = LOG_MISC;
+		else if (pg_strcasecmp(token, CLASS_PARAMETER) == 0)
+			class = LOG_PARAMETER;
+		else if (pg_strcasecmp(token, CLASS_READ) == 0)
+			class = LOG_READ;
+		else if (pg_strcasecmp(token, CLASS_WRITE) == 0)
+			class = LOG_WRITE;
+		else
+		{
+			free(f);
+			pfree(rawval);
+			list_free(flags);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		/* Add or subtract class bits from the log bitmap. */
+		if (subtract)
+			*f &= ~class;
+		else
+			*f |= class;
+	}
+
+	pfree(rawval);
+	list_free(flags);
+
+	/*
+	 * Store the bitmap for assign_pg_audit_log.
+	 */
+	*extra = f;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set pg_audit_log from extra (ignoring newval, which has already been
+ * converted to a bitmap above). Note that extra may not be set if the
+ * assignment is to be suppressed.
+ */
+static void
+assign_pg_audit_log(const char *newval, void *extra)
+{
+	if (extra)
+		auditLogBitmap = *(uint64 *)extra;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Define GUC variables and install hooks upon module load.
+ */
+void
+_PG_init(void)
+{
+	if (IsUnderPostmaster)
+		ereport(ERROR,
+			(errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_NOT_IN_PREREQUISITE_STATE),
+			errmsg("pg_audit must be loaded via shared_preload_libraries")));
+
+	/*
+	 * pg_audit.role = "audit"
+	 *
+	 * This variable defines a role to be used for auditing.
+	 */
+	DefineCustomStringVariable("pg_audit.role",
+							   "Enable auditing for role",
+							   NULL,
+							   &auditRole,
+							   "",
+							   PGC_SUSET,
+							   GUC_NOT_IN_SAMPLE,
+							   NULL, NULL, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * pg_audit.log = "read, write, ddl"
+	 *
+	 * This variables controls what classes of commands are logged.
+	 */
+	DefineCustomStringVariable("pg_audit.log",
+							   "Enable auditing for classes of commands",
+							   NULL,
+							   &auditLog,
+							   "none",
+							   PGC_SUSET,
+							   GUC_LIST_INPUT | GUC_NOT_IN_SAMPLE,
+							   check_pg_audit_log,
+							   assign_pg_audit_log,
+							   NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Install our hook functions after saving the existing pointers to preserve
+	 * the chain.
+	 */
+	next_ExecutorStart_hook = ExecutorStart_hook;
+	ExecutorStart_hook = pg_audit_ExecutorStart_hook;
+
+	next_ExecutorCheckPerms_hook = ExecutorCheckPerms_hook;
+	ExecutorCheckPerms_hook = pg_audit_ExecutorCheckPerms_hook;
+
+	next_ExecutorEnd_hook = ExecutorEnd_hook;
+	ExecutorEnd_hook = pg_audit_ExecutorEnd_hook;
+
+	next_ProcessUtility_hook = ProcessUtility_hook;
+	ProcessUtility_hook = pg_audit_ProcessUtility_hook;
+
+	next_object_access_hook = object_access_hook;
+	object_access_hook = pg_audit_object_access_hook;
+}
diff --git a/contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit.control b/contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit.control
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6730c68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/pg_audit/pg_audit.control
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# pg_audit extension
+comment = 'provides auditing functionality'
+default_version = '1.0.0'
+module_pathname = '$libdir/pg_audit'
+relocatable = true
diff --git a/contrib/pg_audit/test/test.pl b/contrib/pg_audit/test/test.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b3f2443
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/pg_audit/test/test.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,1433 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+################################################################################
+# test.pl - pg_audit Unit Tests
+################################################################################
+
+################################################################################
+# Perl includes
+################################################################################
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Carp;
+
+use Getopt::Long;
+use Pod::Usage;
+use DBI;
+use Cwd qw(abs_path);
+use IPC::System::Simple qw(capture);
+
+################################################################################
+# Constants
+################################################################################
+use constant
+{
+	true  => 1,
+	false => 0
+};
+
+use constant
+{
+	CONTEXT_GLOBAL   => 'GLOBAL',
+	CONTEXT_DATABASE => 'DATABASE',
+	CONTEXT_ROLE	 => 'ROLE'
+};
+
+use constant
+{
+	CLASS			=> 'CLASS',
+
+	CLASS_DDL		=> 'DDL',
+	CLASS_FUNCTION	=> 'FUNCTION',
+	CLASS_MISC		=> 'MISC',
+	CLASS_PARAMETER => 'PARAMETER',
+	CLASS_READ		=> 'READ',
+	CLASS_WRITE		=> 'WRITE',
+
+	CLASS_ALL		=> 'ALL',
+	CLASS_NONE		=> 'NONE'
+};
+
+use constant
+{
+	COMMAND						=> 'COMMAND',
+	COMMAND_LOG					=> 'COMMAND_LOG',
+
+	COMMAND_ANALYZE					=> 'ANALYZE',
+	COMMAND_ALTER_AGGREGATE			=> 'ALTER AGGREGATE',
+	COMMAND_ALTER_COLLATION			=> 'ALTER COLLATION',
+	COMMAND_ALTER_CONVERSION		=> 'ALTER CONVERSION',
+	COMMAND_ALTER_DATABASE			=> 'ALTER DATABASE',
+	COMMAND_ALTER_ROLE				=> 'ALTER ROLE',
+	COMMAND_ALTER_ROLE_SET			=> 'ALTER ROLE SET',
+	COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE				=> 'ALTER TABLE',
+	COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE_COLUMN		=> 'ALTER TABLE COLUMN',
+	COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE_INDEX		=> 'ALTER TABLE INDEX',
+	COMMAND_BEGIN					=> 'BEGIN',
+	COMMAND_CLOSE					=> 'CLOSE CURSOR',
+	COMMAND_COMMIT					=> 'COMMIT',
+	COMMAND_COPY					=> 'COPY',
+	COMMAND_COPY_TO					=> 'COPY TO',
+	COMMAND_COPY_FROM				=> 'COPY FROM',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_AGGREGATE		=> 'CREATE AGGREGATE',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_COLLATION		=> 'CREATE COLLATION',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_CONVERSION		=> 'CREATE CONVERSION',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_DATABASE			=> 'CREATE DATABASE',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_INDEX			=> 'CREATE INDEX',
+	COMMAND_DEALLOCATE				=> 'DEALLOCATE',
+	COMMAND_DECLARE_CURSOR			=> 'DECLARE CURSOR',
+	COMMAND_DO						=> 'DO',
+	COMMAND_DISCARD_ALL				=> 'DISCARD ALL',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_FUNCTION			=> 'CREATE FUNCTION',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_ROLE				=> 'CREATE ROLE',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_SCHEMA			=> 'CREATE SCHEMA',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE			=> 'CREATE TABLE',
+	COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE_AS			=> 'CREATE TABLE AS',
+	COMMAND_DROP_DATABASE			=> 'DROP DATABASE',
+	COMMAND_DROP_SCHEMA				=> 'DROP SCHEMA',
+	COMMAND_DROP_TABLE				=> 'DROP TABLE',
+	COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_CONSTRAINT	=> 'DROP TABLE CONSTRAINT',
+	COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_INDEX		=> 'DROP TABLE INDEX',
+	COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_TOAST		=> 'DROP TABLE TOAST',
+	COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_TYPE			=> 'DROP TABLE TYPE',
+	COMMAND_EXECUTE					=> 'EXECUTE',
+	COMMAND_EXECUTE_READ			=> 'EXECUTE READ',
+	COMMAND_EXECUTE_WRITE			=> 'EXECUTE WRITE',
+	COMMAND_EXECUTE_FUNCTION		=> 'EXECUTE FUNCTION',
+	COMMAND_EXPLAIN					=> 'EXPLAIN',
+	COMMAND_FETCH					=> 'FETCH',
+	COMMAND_GRANT					=> 'GRANT',
+	COMMAND_INSERT					=> 'INSERT',
+	# COMMAND_PARAMETER				=> 'PARAMETER',
+	# COMMAND_PARAMETER_READ			=> 'PARAMETER_READ',
+	# COMMAND_PARAMETER_WRITE			=> 'PARAMETER_WRITE',
+	COMMAND_PREPARE					=> 'PREPARE',
+	COMMAND_PREPARE_READ			=> 'PREPARE READ',
+	COMMAND_PREPARE_WRITE			=> 'PREPARE WRITE',
+	COMMAND_REVOKE					=> 'REVOKE',
+	COMMAND_SELECT					=> 'SELECT',
+	COMMAND_SET						=> 'SET',
+	COMMAND_UPDATE					=> 'UPDATE'
+};
+
+use constant
+{
+	TYPE					=> 'TYPE',
+	TYPE_NONE				=> '',
+
+	TYPE_AGGREGATE			=> 'AGGREGATE',
+	TYPE_COLLATION			=> 'COLLATION',
+	TYPE_CONVERSION			=> 'CONVERSION',
+	TYPE_SCHEMA				=> 'SCHEMA',
+	TYPE_FUNCTION			=> 'FUNCTION',
+	TYPE_INDEX				=> 'INDEX',
+	TYPE_TABLE				=> 'TABLE',
+	TYPE_TABLE_COLUMN		=> 'TABLE COLUMN',
+	TYPE_TABLE_CONSTRAINT	=> 'TABLE CONSTRAINT',
+	TYPE_TABLE_TOAST		=> 'TABLE TOAST',
+	TYPE_TYPE				=> 'TYPE'
+};
+
+use constant
+{
+	NAME			=> 'NAME'
+};
+
+################################################################################
+# Command line parameters
+################################################################################
+my $strPgSqlBin = '../../../../bin/bin';	# Path of PG binaries to use for
+											# this test
+my $strTestPath = '../../../../data';		# Path where testing will occur
+my $iDefaultPort = 6000;					# Default port to run Postgres on
+my $bHelp = false;							# Display help
+my $bQuiet = false;							# Supress output except for errors
+my $bNoCleanup = false;						# Cleanup database on exit
+
+GetOptions ('q|quiet' => \$bQuiet,
+			'no-cleanup' => \$bNoCleanup,
+			'help' => \$bHelp,
+			'pgsql-bin=s' => \$strPgSqlBin,
+			'test-path=s' => \$strTestPath)
+	or pod2usage(2);
+
+# Display version and exit if requested
+if ($bHelp)
+{
+	print 'pg_audit unit test\n\n';
+	pod2usage();
+
+	exit 0;
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# Global variables
+################################################################################
+my $hDb;					# Connection to Postgres
+my $strLogExpected = '';	# The expected log compared with grepping AUDIT
+							# entries from the postgres log.
+
+my $strDatabase = 'postgres';	# Connected database (modified by PgSetDatabase)
+my $strUser = 'postgres';		# Connected user (modified by PgSetUser)
+my $strAuditRole = 'audit';		# Role to use for auditing
+
+my %oAuditLogHash;				# Hash to store pg_audit.log GUCS
+my %oAuditGrantHash;			# Hash to store pg_audit grants
+
+my $strCurrentAuditLog;		# pg_audit.log setting was Postgres was started with
+my $strTemporaryAuditLog;	# pg_audit.log setting that was set hot
+
+################################################################################
+# Stores the mapping between commands, classes, and types
+################################################################################
+my %oCommandHash =
+(&COMMAND_ANALYZE => {
+	&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_ALTER_AGGREGATE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_AGGREGATE},
+	&COMMAND_ALTER_DATABASE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_ALTER_COLLATION => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_COLLATION},
+	&COMMAND_ALTER_CONVERSION => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_CONVERSION},
+	&COMMAND_ALTER_ROLE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_ALTER_ROLE_SET => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_ALTER_ROLE},
+	&COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE_COLUMN => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE_COLUMN, &COMMAND => &COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE_INDEX => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_INDEX,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_BEGIN => {&CLASS => &CLASS_MISC, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_CLOSE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_MISC, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_COMMIT => {&CLASS => &CLASS_MISC, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_COPY_FROM => {&CLASS => &CLASS_WRITE, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_COPY},
+	&COMMAND_COPY_TO => {&CLASS => &CLASS_READ, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_COPY},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_AGGREGATE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_AGGREGATE},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_CONVERSION => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_CONVERSION},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_COLLATION => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_COLLATION},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_DATABASE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_INDEX => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_INDEX},
+	&COMMAND_DEALLOCATE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_MISC, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_DECLARE_CURSOR => {&CLASS => &CLASS_READ, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_DO => {&CLASS => &CLASS_FUNCTION, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_DISCARD_ALL => {&CLASS => &CLASS_MISC, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_FUNCTION => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_FUNCTION},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_ROLE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_SCHEMA => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_SCHEMA},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE_AS => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_DROP_DATABASE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_DROP_SCHEMA => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_DROP_TABLE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_CONSTRAINT => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE_CONSTRAINT, &COMMAND => &COMMAND_DROP_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_INDEX => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_INDEX,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_DROP_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_TOAST => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE_TOAST, &COMMAND => &COMMAND_DROP_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_TYPE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_TYPE,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_DROP_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_EXECUTE_READ => {&CLASS => &CLASS_READ, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_EXECUTE},
+	&COMMAND_EXECUTE_WRITE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_WRITE, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_EXECUTE},
+	&COMMAND_EXECUTE_FUNCTION => {&CLASS => &CLASS_FUNCTION,
+		&TYPE => &TYPE_FUNCTION, &COMMAND => &COMMAND_EXECUTE},
+	&COMMAND_EXPLAIN => {&CLASS => &CLASS_MISC, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_FETCH => {&CLASS => &CLASS_MISC, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_GRANT => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_PREPARE_READ => {&CLASS => &CLASS_READ, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_PREPARE},
+	&COMMAND_PREPARE_WRITE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_WRITE, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE,
+		&COMMAND => &COMMAND_PREPARE},
+	&COMMAND_INSERT => {&CLASS => &CLASS_WRITE, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_REVOKE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_DDL, &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE},
+	&COMMAND_SELECT => {&CLASS => &CLASS_READ, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_SET => {&CLASS => &CLASS_MISC, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE},
+	&COMMAND_UPDATE => {&CLASS => &CLASS_WRITE, &TYPE => &TYPE_NONE}
+);
+
+################################################################################
+# CommandExecute
+################################################################################
+sub CommandExecute
+{
+	my $strCommand = shift;
+	my $bSuppressError = shift;
+
+	# Set default
+	$bSuppressError = defined($bSuppressError) ? $bSuppressError : false;
+
+	# Run the command
+	my $iResult = system($strCommand);
+
+	if ($iResult != 0 && !$bSuppressError)
+	{
+		confess "command '${strCommand}' failed with error ${iResult}";
+	}
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# log
+################################################################################
+sub log
+{
+	my $strMessage = shift;
+	my $bError = shift;
+
+	# Set default
+	$bError = defined($bError) ? $bError : false;
+
+	if (!$bQuiet)
+	{
+		print "${strMessage}\n";
+	}
+
+	if ($bError)
+	{
+		exit 1;
+	}
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# ArrayToString
+################################################################################
+sub ArrayToString
+{
+	my @stryArray = @_;
+
+	my $strResult = '';
+
+	for (my $iIndex = 0; $iIndex < @stryArray; $iIndex++)
+	{
+		if ($iIndex != 0)
+		{
+			$strResult .= ', ';
+		}
+
+		$strResult .= $stryArray[$iIndex];
+	}
+
+	return $strResult;
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# BuildModule
+################################################################################
+sub BuildModule
+{
+	capture('cd ..;make');
+	CommandExecute("cp ../pg_audit.so" .
+				   " ${strPgSqlBin}/../lib/postgresql");
+	CommandExecute("cp ../pg_audit.control" .
+				   " ${strPgSqlBin}/../share/postgresql/extension");
+	CommandExecute("cp ../pg_audit--1.0.0.sql" .
+				   " ${strPgSqlBin}/../share/postgresql/extension");
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgConnect
+################################################################################
+sub PgConnect
+{
+	my $iPort = shift;
+
+	# Set default
+	$iPort = defined($iPort) ? $iPort : $iDefaultPort;
+
+	# Log Connection
+	&log("   DB: connect user ${strUser}, database ${strDatabase}");
+
+	# Disconnect user session
+	PgDisconnect();
+
+	# Connect to the db
+	$hDb = DBI->connect("dbi:Pg:dbname=${strDatabase};port=${iPort};host=/tmp",
+						$strUser, undef,
+						{AutoCommit => 1, RaiseError => 1});
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgDisconnect
+################################################################################
+sub PgDisconnect
+{
+	# Connect to the db (whether it is local or remote)
+	if (defined($hDb))
+	{
+		$hDb->disconnect;
+		undef($hDb);
+	}
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgExecute
+################################################################################
+sub PgExecute
+{
+	my $strSql = shift;
+
+	# Log the statement
+	&log("  SQL: ${strSql}");
+
+	# Execute the statement
+	my $hStatement = $hDb->prepare($strSql);
+
+	$hStatement->execute();
+	$hStatement->finish();
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgExecuteOnly
+################################################################################
+sub PgExecuteOnly
+{
+	my $strSql = shift;
+
+	# Log the statement
+	&log("  SQL: ${strSql}");
+
+	# Execute the statement
+	$hDb->do($strSql);
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgSetDatabase
+################################################################################
+sub PgSetDatabase
+{
+	my $strDatabaseParam = shift;
+
+	# Stop and start the database to reset pgconf entries
+	PgStop();
+	PgStart();
+
+	# Execute the statement
+	$strDatabase = $strDatabaseParam;
+	PgConnect();
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgSetUser
+################################################################################
+sub PgSetUser
+{
+	my $strUserParam = shift;
+
+	$strUser = $strUserParam;
+
+	# Stop and start the database to reset pgconf entries
+	if ((defined($strTemporaryAuditLog) && !defined($strCurrentAuditLog)) ||
+		(defined($strCurrentAuditLog) && !defined($strTemporaryAuditLog)) ||
+		$strCurrentAuditLog ne $strTemporaryAuditLog)
+	{
+		$strCurrentAuditLog = $strTemporaryAuditLog;
+
+		PgStop();
+		PgStart();
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		# Execute the statement
+		PgConnect();
+	}
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# SaveString
+################################################################################
+sub SaveString
+{
+	my $strFile = shift;
+	my $strString = shift;
+
+	# Open the file for writing
+	my $hFile;
+
+	open($hFile, '>', $strFile)
+		or confess "unable to open ${strFile}";
+
+	if ($strString ne '')
+	{
+		syswrite($hFile, $strString)
+			or confess "unable to write to ${strFile}: $!";
+	}
+
+	close($hFile);
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgLogExecute
+################################################################################
+sub PgLogExecute
+{
+	my $strCommand = shift;
+	my $strSql = shift;
+	my $oData = shift;
+	my $bExecute = shift;
+	my $bWait = shift;
+	my $bLogSql = shift;
+	my $strParameter = shift;
+	my $bExpectError = shift;
+
+	# Set defaults
+	$bExecute = defined($bExecute) ? $bExecute : true;
+	$bWait = defined($bWait) ? $bWait : true;
+	$bLogSql = defined($bLogSql) ? $bLogSql : true;
+
+	if ($bExecute)
+	{
+		eval
+		{
+			PgExecuteOnly($strSql);
+		};
+
+		if ($@ && !$bExpectError)
+		{
+			confess $@;
+		}
+	}
+
+	PgLogExpect($strCommand, $bLogSql ? $strSql : '', $strParameter, $oData);
+
+	if ($bWait)
+	{
+		PgLogWait();
+	}
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# QuoteCSV
+################################################################################
+sub QuoteCSV
+{
+	my $strCSV = shift;
+
+	if (defined($strCSV) &&
+		(index($strCSV, ',') >= 0 || index($strCSV, '"') > 0 ||
+		 index($strCSV, "\n") > 0 || index($strCSV, "\r") >= 0))
+	{
+		$strCSV =~ s/"/""/g;
+		$strCSV = "\"${strCSV}\"";
+	}
+
+	return $strCSV;
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgLogExpect
+################################################################################
+sub PgLogExpect
+{
+	my $strCommand = shift;
+	my $strSql = shift;
+	my $strParameter = shift;
+	my $oData = shift;
+
+	# If oData is false then no logging
+	if (defined($oData) && ref($oData) eq '' && !$oData)
+	{
+		return;
+	}
+
+	# Quote SQL if needs to be quoted
+	$strSql = QuoteCSV($strSql);
+
+	if (defined($strParameter))
+	{
+		$strSql .= ",${strParameter}";
+	}
+
+	# Log based on session
+	if (PgShouldLog($strCommand))
+	{
+		# Make sure class is defined
+		my $strClass = $oCommandHash{$strCommand}{&CLASS};
+
+		if (!defined($strClass))
+		{
+			confess "class is not defined for command ${strCommand}";
+		}
+
+		# Make sure object type is defined
+		my $strObjectType = $oCommandHash{$strCommand}{&TYPE};
+
+		if (!defined($strObjectType))
+		{
+			confess "object type is not defined for command ${strCommand}";
+		}
+
+		# Check for command override
+		my $strCommandLog = $strCommand;
+
+		if ($oCommandHash{$strCommand}{&COMMAND})
+		{
+			$strCommandLog = $oCommandHash{$strCommand}{&COMMAND};
+		}
+
+		my $strObjectName = '';
+
+		if (defined($oData) && ref($oData) ne 'ARRAY')
+		{
+			$strObjectName = QuoteCSV($oData);
+		}
+
+		my $strLog .= "SESSION,${strClass},${strCommandLog}," .
+					  "${strObjectType},${strObjectName},${strSql}";
+		&log("AUDIT: ${strLog}");
+
+		$strLogExpected .= "${strLog}\n";
+	}
+
+	# Log based on grants
+	if (ref($oData) eq 'ARRAY' && ($strCommand eq COMMAND_SELECT ||
+		$oCommandHash{$strCommand}{&CLASS} eq CLASS_WRITE))
+	{
+		foreach my $oTableHash (@{$oData})
+		{
+			my $strObjectName = QuoteCSV(${$oTableHash}{&NAME});
+			my $strCommandLog = ${$oTableHash}{&COMMAND};
+
+			if (defined($oAuditGrantHash{$strAuditRole}
+										{$strObjectName}{$strCommandLog}))
+			{
+				my $strCommandLog = defined(${$oTableHash}{&COMMAND_LOG}) ?
+					${$oTableHash}{&COMMAND_LOG} : $strCommandLog;
+				my $strClass = $oCommandHash{$strCommandLog}{&CLASS};
+				my $strObjectType = ${$oTableHash}{&TYPE};
+
+				my $strLog .= "OBJECT,${strClass},${strCommandLog}," .
+							  "${strObjectType},${strObjectName},${strSql}";
+				&log("AUDIT: ${strLog}");
+
+				$strLogExpected .= "${strLog}\n";
+			}
+		}
+
+		$oData = undef;
+	}
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgShouldLog
+################################################################################
+sub PgShouldLog
+{
+	my $strCommand = shift;
+
+	# Make sure class is defined
+	my $strClass = $oCommandHash{$strCommand}{&CLASS};
+
+	if (!defined($strClass))
+	{
+		confess "class is not defined for command ${strCommand}";
+	}
+
+	# Check logging for the role
+	my $bLog = undef;
+
+	if (defined($oAuditLogHash{&CONTEXT_ROLE}{$strUser}))
+	{
+		$bLog = $oAuditLogHash{&CONTEXT_ROLE}{$strUser}{$strClass};
+	}
+
+	# Else check logging for the db
+	elsif (defined($oAuditLogHash{&CONTEXT_DATABASE}{$strDatabase}))
+	{
+		$bLog = $oAuditLogHash{&CONTEXT_DATABASE}{$strDatabase}{$strClass};
+	}
+
+	# Else check logging for global
+	elsif (defined($oAuditLogHash{&CONTEXT_GLOBAL}{&CONTEXT_GLOBAL}))
+	{
+		$bLog = $oAuditLogHash{&CONTEXT_GLOBAL}{&CONTEXT_GLOBAL}{$strClass};
+	}
+
+	return defined($bLog) ? true : false;
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgLogWait
+################################################################################
+sub PgLogWait
+{
+	my $strLogActual;
+
+	# Run in an eval block since grep returns 1 when nothing was found
+	eval
+	{
+		$strLogActual = capture("grep 'LOG:  AUDIT: '" .
+								" ${strTestPath}/postgresql.log");
+	};
+
+	# If an error was returned, continue if it was 1, otherwise confess
+	if ($@)
+	{
+		my $iExitStatus = $? >> 8;
+
+		if ($iExitStatus != 1)
+		{
+			confess "grep returned ${iExitStatus}";
+		}
+
+		$strLogActual = '';
+	}
+
+	# Strip the AUDIT and timestamp from the actual log
+	$strLogActual =~ s/prefix LOG:  AUDIT\: //g;
+	$strLogActual =~ s/SESSION,[0-9]+,[0-9]+,/SESSION,/g;
+	$strLogActual =~ s/OBJECT,[0-9]+,[0-9]+,/OBJECT,/g;
+
+	# Save the logs
+	SaveString("${strTestPath}/audit.actual", $strLogActual);
+	SaveString("${strTestPath}/audit.expected", $strLogExpected);
+
+	CommandExecute("diff ${strTestPath}/audit.expected" .
+				   " ${strTestPath}/audit.actual");
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgDrop
+################################################################################
+sub PgDrop
+{
+	my $strPath = shift;
+
+	# Set default
+	$strPath = defined($strPath) ? $strPath : $strTestPath;
+
+	# Stop the cluster
+	PgStop(true, $strPath);
+
+	# Remove the directory
+	CommandExecute("rm -rf ${strTestPath}");
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgCreate
+################################################################################
+sub PgCreate
+{
+	my $strPath = shift;
+
+	# Set default
+	$strPath = defined($strPath) ? $strPath : $strTestPath;
+
+	CommandExecute("${strPgSqlBin}/initdb -D ${strPath} -U ${strUser}" .
+				   ' -A trust > /dev/null');
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgStop
+################################################################################
+sub PgStop
+{
+	my $bImmediate = shift;
+	my $strPath = shift;
+
+	# Set default
+	$strPath = defined($strPath) ? $strPath : $strTestPath;
+	$bImmediate = defined($bImmediate) ? $bImmediate : false;
+
+	# Disconnect user session
+	PgDisconnect();
+
+	# If postmaster process is running then stop the cluster
+	if (-e $strPath . '/postmaster.pid')
+	{
+		CommandExecute("${strPgSqlBin}/pg_ctl stop -D ${strPath} -w -s -m " .
+					  ($bImmediate ? 'immediate' : 'fast'));
+	}
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgStart
+################################################################################
+sub PgStart
+{
+	my $iPort = shift;
+	my $strPath = shift;
+
+	# Set default
+	$iPort = defined($iPort) ? $iPort : $iDefaultPort;
+	$strPath = defined($strPath) ? $strPath : $strTestPath;
+
+	# Make sure postgres is not running
+	if (-e $strPath . '/postmaster.pid')
+	{
+		confess "${strPath}/postmaster.pid exists, cannot start";
+	}
+
+	# Start the cluster
+	CommandExecute("${strPgSqlBin}/pg_ctl start -o \"" .
+				   "-c port=${iPort}" .
+				   " -c unix_socket_directories='/tmp'" .
+				   " -c shared_preload_libraries='pg_audit'" .
+				   " -c log_min_messages=debug1" .
+				   " -c log_line_prefix='prefix '" .
+				   " -c log_statement=all" .
+				   (defined($strCurrentAuditLog) ?
+					   " -c pg_audit.log='${strCurrentAuditLog}'" : '') .
+				   " -c pg_audit.role='${strAuditRole}'" .
+				   " -c log_connections=on" .
+				   "\" -D ${strPath} -l ${strPath}/postgresql.log -w -s");
+
+	# Connect user session
+	PgConnect();
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgAuditLogSet
+################################################################################
+sub PgAuditLogSet
+{
+	my $strContext = shift;
+	my $strName = shift;
+	my @stryClass = @_;
+
+	# Create SQL to set the GUC
+	my $strCommand;
+	my $strSql;
+
+	if ($strContext eq CONTEXT_GLOBAL)
+	{
+		$strCommand = COMMAND_SET;
+		$strSql = "set pg_audit.log = '" .
+				  ArrayToString(@stryClass) . "'";
+		$strTemporaryAuditLog = ArrayToString(@stryClass);
+	}
+	elsif ($strContext eq CONTEXT_ROLE)
+	{
+		$strCommand = COMMAND_ALTER_ROLE_SET;
+		$strSql = "alter role ${strName} set pg_audit.log = '" .
+				  ArrayToString(@stryClass) . "'";
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		confess "unable to set pg_audit.log for context ${strContext}";
+	}
+
+	# Reset the audit log
+	if ($strContext eq CONTEXT_GLOBAL)
+	{
+		delete($oAuditLogHash{$strContext});
+		$strName = CONTEXT_GLOBAL;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		delete($oAuditLogHash{$strContext}{$strName});
+	}
+
+	# Store all the classes in the hash and build the GUC
+	foreach my $strClass (@stryClass)
+	{
+		if ($strClass eq CLASS_ALL)
+		{
+			$oAuditLogHash{$strContext}{$strName}{&CLASS_DDL} = true;
+			$oAuditLogHash{$strContext}{$strName}{&CLASS_FUNCTION} = true;
+			$oAuditLogHash{$strContext}{$strName}{&CLASS_MISC} = true;
+			$oAuditLogHash{$strContext}{$strName}{&CLASS_READ} = true;
+			$oAuditLogHash{$strContext}{$strName}{&CLASS_WRITE} = true;
+		}
+
+		if (index($strClass, '-') == 0)
+		{
+			$strClass = substr($strClass, 1);
+
+			delete($oAuditLogHash{$strContext}{$strName}{$strClass});
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			$oAuditLogHash{$strContext}{$strName}{$strClass} = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	PgLogExecute($strCommand, $strSql);
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgAuditGrantSet
+################################################################################
+sub PgAuditGrantSet
+{
+	my $strRole = shift;
+	my $strPrivilege = shift;
+	my $strObject = shift;
+	my $strColumn = shift;
+
+	# Create SQL to set the grant
+	PgLogExecute(COMMAND_GRANT, "GRANT " .
+								(defined($strColumn) ?
+									lc(${strPrivilege}) ." (${strColumn})" :
+									uc(${strPrivilege})) .
+								" ON TABLE ${strObject} TO ${strRole} ");
+
+	$oAuditGrantHash{$strRole}{$strObject}{$strPrivilege} = true;
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# PgAuditGrantReset
+################################################################################
+sub PgAuditGrantReset
+{
+	my $strRole = shift;
+	my $strPrivilege = shift;
+	my $strObject = shift;
+	my $strColumn = shift;
+
+	# Create SQL to set the grant
+	PgLogExecute(COMMAND_REVOKE, "REVOKE  " . uc(${strPrivilege}) .
+				 (defined($strColumn) ? " (${strColumn})" : '') .
+				 " ON TABLE ${strObject} FROM ${strRole} ");
+
+	delete($oAuditGrantHash{$strRole}{$strObject}{$strPrivilege});
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# Main
+################################################################################
+my @oyTable;	   # Store table info for select, insert, update, delete
+my $strSql;		# Hold Sql commands
+
+# Drop the old cluster, build the code, and create a new cluster
+PgDrop();
+BuildModule();
+PgCreate();
+PgStart();
+
+PgExecute("create extension pg_audit");
+
+# Create test users and the audit role
+PgExecute("create user user1");
+PgExecute("create user user2");
+PgExecute("create role ${strAuditRole}");
+
+PgAuditLogSet(CONTEXT_GLOBAL, undef, (CLASS_DDL));
+
+PgAuditLogSet(CONTEXT_ROLE, 'user2', (CLASS_READ, CLASS_WRITE));
+
+# User1 follows the global log settings
+PgSetUser('user1');
+
+$strSql = 'CREATE  TABLE  public.test (id pg_catalog.int4   )' .
+		  '  WITH (oids=OFF)  ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE, $strSql, 'public.test');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select * from test');
+
+$strSql = 'drop table test';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DROP_TABLE, $strSql, 'public.test');
+
+PgSetUser('user2');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE,
+			 'create table test2 (id int)', 'public.test2');
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, &COMMAND_SELECT, 'public.test2');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE,
+			 'create table test3 (id int)', 'public.test2');
+
+# Catalog select should not log
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select * from pg_class limit 1',
+							   false);
+
+# Multi-table select
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test3', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT},
+			{&NAME => 'public.test2', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select * from test3, test2',
+							   \@oyTable);
+
+# Various CTE combinations
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, &COMMAND_INSERT, 'public.test3');
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test3', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_INSERT},
+			{&NAME => 'public.test2', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT,
+			 'with cte as (select id from test2)' .
+			 ' insert into test3 select id from cte',
+			 \@oyTable);
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test2', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_INSERT},
+			{&NAME => 'public.test3', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_INSERT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT,
+			 'with cte as (insert into test3 values (1) returning id)' .
+			 ' insert into test2 select id from cte',
+			 \@oyTable);
+
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, &COMMAND_UPDATE, 'public.test2');
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test3', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_INSERT},
+			{&NAME => 'public.test2', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_UPDATE});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT,
+			 'with cte as (update test2 set id = 1 returning id)' .
+			 ' insert into test3 select id from cte',
+			 \@oyTable);
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test3', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_UPDATE},
+			{&NAME => 'public.test2', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_INSERT},
+			{&NAME => 'public.test2', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT, &COMMAND_LOG => &COMMAND_INSERT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_UPDATE,
+			 'with cte as (insert into test2 values (1) returning id)' .
+			 ' update test3 set id = cte.id' .
+			 ' from cte where test3.id <> cte.id',
+			 \@oyTable);
+
+PgSetUser('postgres');
+PgAuditLogSet(CONTEXT_ROLE, 'user2', (CLASS_NONE));
+PgSetUser('user2');
+
+# Column-based audits
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE,
+			 'create table test4 (id int, name text)', 'public.test4');
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, COMMAND_SELECT, 'public.test4', 'name');
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, COMMAND_UPDATE, 'public.test4', 'id');
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, COMMAND_INSERT, 'public.test4', 'name');
+
+# Select
+@oyTable = ();
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select id from public.test4',
+							  \@oyTable);
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test4', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select name from public.test4',
+							  \@oyTable);
+
+# Insert
+@oyTable = ();
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, 'insert into public.test4 (id) values (1)',
+							   \@oyTable);
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test4', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_INSERT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, "insert into public.test4 (name) values ('test')",
+							  \@oyTable);
+
+# Update
+@oyTable = ();
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_UPDATE, "update public.test4 set name = 'foo'",
+							   \@oyTable);
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test4', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_UPDATE});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_UPDATE, "update public.test4 set id = 1",
+							  \@oyTable);
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test4', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			&COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT, &COMMAND_LOG => &COMMAND_UPDATE});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_UPDATE,
+			 "update public.test4 set name = 'foo' where name = 'bar'",
+			 \@oyTable);
+
+# Drop test tables
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DROP_TABLE, "drop table test2", 'public.test2');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DROP_TABLE, "drop table test3", 'public.test3');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DROP_TABLE, "drop table test4", 'public.test4');
+
+
+# Make sure there are no more audit events pending in the postgres log
+PgLogWait();
+
+# Create some email friendly tests.  These first tests are session logging only.
+PgSetUser('postgres');
+
+&log("\nExamples:");
+
+&log("\nSession Audit:\n");
+
+PgAuditLogSet(CONTEXT_GLOBAL, undef, (CLASS_DDL, CLASS_READ));
+
+PgSetUser('user1');
+
+$strSql = 'CREATE  TABLE  public.account (id pg_catalog.int4   ,' .
+		  ' name pg_catalog.text   COLLATE pg_catalog."default", ' .
+		  'password pg_catalog.text   COLLATE pg_catalog."default", '.
+		  'description pg_catalog.text   COLLATE pg_catalog."default")  '.
+		  'WITH (oids=OFF)  ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE, $strSql, 'public.account');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT,
+			 'select * from account');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT,
+			 "insert into account (id, name, password, description)" .
+			 " values (1, 'user1', 'HASH1', 'blah, blah')");
+&log("AUDIT: <nothing logged>");
+
+# Now tests for object logging
+&log("\nObject Audit:\n");
+
+PgSetUser('postgres');
+PgAuditLogSet(CONTEXT_GLOBAL, undef, (CLASS_NONE));
+PgExecute("set pg_audit.role = 'audit'");
+PgSetUser('user1');
+
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, &COMMAND_SELECT, 'public.account', 'password');
+
+@oyTable = ();
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select id, name from account',
+							  \@oyTable);
+&log("AUDIT: <nothing logged>");
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.account', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select password from account',
+							  \@oyTable);
+
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, &COMMAND_UPDATE,
+				'public.account', 'name, password');
+
+@oyTable = ();
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_UPDATE, "update account set description = 'yada, yada'",
+							  \@oyTable);
+&log("AUDIT: <nothing logged>");
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.account', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_UPDATE});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_UPDATE, "update account set password = 'HASH2'",
+							  \@oyTable);
+
+# Now tests for session/object logging
+&log("\nSession/Object Audit:\n");
+
+PgSetUser('postgres');
+PgAuditLogSet(CONTEXT_ROLE, 'user1', (CLASS_READ, CLASS_WRITE));
+PgSetUser('user1');
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE,
+			 'create table account_role_map (account_id int, role_id int)',
+			 'public.account_role_map');
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, &COMMAND_SELECT, 'public.account_role_map');
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.account', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT},
+			{&NAME => 'public.account_role_map', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT,
+			 'select account.password, account_role_map.role_id from account' .
+			 ' inner join account_role_map' .
+			 ' on account.id = account_role_map.account_id',
+			 \@oyTable);
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.account', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select password from account',
+							  \@oyTable);
+
+@oyTable = ();
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_UPDATE, "update account set description = 'yada, yada'",
+							  \@oyTable);
+&log("AUDIT: <nothing logged>");
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.account', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT, &COMMAND_LOG => &COMMAND_UPDATE});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_UPDATE,
+			 "update account set description = 'yada, yada'" .
+			 " where password = 'HASH2'",
+			 \@oyTable);
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.account', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_UPDATE});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_UPDATE, "update account set password = 'HASH2'",
+							  \@oyTable);
+
+# Test all sql commands
+&log("\nExhaustive Command Tests:\n");
+
+PgSetUser('postgres');
+
+PgAuditLogSet(CONTEXT_GLOBAL, undef, (CLASS_ALL));
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SET, "set pg_audit.role = 'audit'");
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DO, "do \$\$\ begin raise notice 'test'; end; \$\$;");
+
+$strSql = 'CREATE SCHEMA  test ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_SCHEMA, $strSql, 'test');
+
+# Test COPY
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_COPY_TO,
+			 "COPY pg_class to '" . abs_path($strTestPath) . "/class.out'");
+
+$strSql = 'CREATE  TABLE  test.pg_class  WITH (oids=OFF)   AS SELECT relname,' .
+		  ' relnamespace, reltype, reloftype, relowner, relam, relfilenode, ' .
+		  'reltablespace, relpages, reltuples, relallvisible, reltoastrelid, ' .
+		  'relhasindex, relisshared, relpersistence, relkind, relnatts, ' .
+		  'relchecks, relhasoids, relhaspkey, relhasrules, relhastriggers, ' .
+		  'relhassubclass, relrowsecurity, relispopulated, relreplident, ' .
+		  'relfrozenxid, relminmxid, relacl, reloptions ' .
+		  'FROM pg_catalog.pg_class ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, $strSql, undef, true, false);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE_AS, $strSql, 'test.pg_class', false, true);
+
+$strSql = "COPY test.pg_class from '" . abs_path($strTestPath) . "/class.out'";
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, $strSql);
+#PgLogExecute(COMMAND_COPY_FROM, $strSql, undef, false, true);
+
+# Test prepared SELECT
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_PREPARE_READ,
+			 'PREPARE pgclassstmt (oid) as select *' .
+			 ' from pg_class where oid = $1');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_EXECUTE_READ,
+			 'EXECUTE pgclassstmt (1)');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DEALLOCATE,
+			 'DEALLOCATE pgclassstmt');
+
+# Test cursor
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_BEGIN,
+			 'BEGIN');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DECLARE_CURSOR,
+			 'DECLARE ctest SCROLL CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM pg_class');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_FETCH,
+			 'FETCH NEXT FROM ctest');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CLOSE,
+			 'CLOSE ctest');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_COMMIT,
+			 'COMMIT');
+
+# Test prepared INSERT
+$strSql = 'CREATE  TABLE  test.test_insert (id pg_catalog.int4   )  ' .
+		  'WITH (oids=OFF)  ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE, $strSql, 'test.test_insert');
+
+$strSql = 'PREPARE pgclassstmt (oid) as insert into test.test_insert (id) ' .
+		  'values ($1)';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_PREPARE_WRITE, $strSql);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, $strSql, undef, false, false, undef, "1");
+
+$strSql = 'EXECUTE pgclassstmt (1)';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_EXECUTE_WRITE, $strSql, undef, true, true);
+
+# Create a table with a primary key
+$strSql = 'CREATE  TABLE  public.test (id pg_catalog.int4   , ' .
+		  'name pg_catalog.text   COLLATE pg_catalog."default", description ' .
+		  'pg_catalog.text   COLLATE pg_catalog."default", CONSTRAINT ' .
+		  'test_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id))  WITH (oids=OFF)  ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_INDEX, $strSql, 'public.test_pkey', true, false);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE, $strSql, 'public.test', false, true);
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ANALYZE, 'analyze test');
+
+# Grant select to public - this should have no affect on auditing
+$strSql = 'GRANT SELECT ON TABLE public.test TO PUBLIC ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_GRANT, $strSql);
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select * from test');
+
+# Now grant select to audit and it should be logged
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, &COMMAND_SELECT, 'public.test');
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select * from test', \@oyTable);
+
+# Check columns granted to public and make sure they do not log
+PgAuditGrantReset($strAuditRole, &COMMAND_SELECT, 'public.test');
+
+$strSql = 'GRANT select (name) ON TABLE public.test TO PUBLIC ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_GRANT, $strSql);
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select * from test');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select from test');
+
+# Try a select that does not reference any tables
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select 1, current_timestamp');
+
+# Now try the same in a do block
+$strSql = 'do $$ declare test int; begin select 1 into test; end $$';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DO, $strSql, undef, true, false);
+
+$strSql = 'select 1';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, $strSql, undef, false, true);
+
+# Insert some data into test and try a loop in a do block
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, 'insert into test (id) values (1)');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, 'insert into test (id) values (2)');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, 'insert into test (id) values (3)');
+
+$strSql = 'do $$ ' .
+		  'declare ' .
+		  '	result record;' .
+		  'begin ' .
+		  '	for result in select id from test loop ' .
+		  '		insert into test (id) values (result.id + 100); ' .
+		  '	end loop; ' .
+		  'end; $$';
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DO, $strSql, undef, true, false);
+
+$strSql = 'select id from test';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, $strSql, undef, false, false);
+
+$strSql = 'insert into test (id) values (result.id + 100)';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, $strSql, undef, false, false, undef, ",,");
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, $strSql, undef, false, false, undef, ",,");
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_INSERT, $strSql, undef, false, false, undef, ",,");
+
+# Test EXECUTE with bind
+$strSql = "select * from test where id = ?";
+my $hStatement = $hDb->prepare($strSql);
+
+$strSql = "select * from test where id = \$1";
+$hStatement->bind_param(1, 101);
+$hStatement->execute();
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, $strSql, undef, false, false, undef, "101");
+
+$hStatement->bind_param(1, 103);
+$hStatement->execute();
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, $strSql, undef, false, false, undef, "103");
+
+$hStatement->finish();
+
+# Cursors in a function block
+$strSql = "CREATE  FUNCTION public.test() RETURNS  pg_catalog.int4 LANGUAGE " .
+		  "plpgsql  VOLATILE  CALLED ON NULL INPUT SECURITY INVOKER COST 100 " .
+		  "  AS ' declare cur1 cursor for select * from hoge; tmp int; begin " .
+		  "create table hoge (id int); open cur1; fetch cur1 into tmp; close " .
+		  "cur1; return tmp; end'";
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_FUNCTION, $strSql, 'public.test()');
+
+$strSql = 'select public.test()';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, $strSql, undef, true, false);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_EXECUTE_FUNCTION, $strSql, 'public.test', false, false);
+
+$strSql = 'CREATE  TABLE  public.hoge (id pg_catalog.int4   )' .
+          '  WITH (oids=OFF)  ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE, $strSql, 'public.hoge', false, false);
+
+$strSql = 'select * from hoge';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, $strSql, undef, false, true);
+#PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select public.test()');
+
+# Now try some DDL in a do block
+$strSql = 'do $$ ' .
+		  'begin ' .
+		  '	create table test_block (id int); ' .
+		  '	drop table test_block; ' .
+		  'end; $$';
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DO, $strSql, undef, true, false);
+
+$strSql = 'CREATE  TABLE  public.test_block (id pg_catalog.int4   )  ' .
+		  'WITH (oids=OFF)  ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_TABLE, $strSql, 'public.test_block', false, false);
+
+$strSql = 'drop table test_block';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DROP_TABLE, $strSql, 'public.test_block', false, false);
+
+# Generate an error in a do block and make sure the stack gets cleaned up
+$strSql = 'do $$ ' .
+		  'begin ' .
+		  '	create table bobus.test_block (id int); ' .
+		  'end; $$';
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DO, $strSql, undef, undef, undef, undef, undef, true);
+# PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select 1');
+# exit 0;
+
+# Try explain
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'explain select 1', undef, true, false);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_EXPLAIN, 'explain select 1', undef, false, true);
+
+# Now set grant to a specific column to audit and make sure it logs
+# Make sure the the converse is true
+PgAuditGrantSet($strAuditRole, &COMMAND_SELECT, 'public.test',
+				'name, description');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select id from test');
+
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select name from test', \@oyTable);
+
+# Test alter and drop table statements
+$strSql = 'ALTER TABLE public.test DROP COLUMN description ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE_COLUMN,
+			 $strSql, 'public.test.description', true, false);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE,
+			 $strSql, 'public.test', false, true);
+@oyTable = ({&NAME => 'public.test', &TYPE => &TYPE_TABLE,
+			 &COMMAND => &COMMAND_SELECT});
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, 'select from test', \@oyTable);
+
+$strSql = 'ALTER TABLE  public.test RENAME TO test2';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE, $strSql, 'public.test2');
+
+$strSql = 'ALTER TABLE public.test2 SET SCHEMA test';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE, $strSql, 'test.test2');
+
+$strSql = 'ALTER TABLE test.test2 ADD COLUMN description pg_catalog.text   ' .
+		  'COLLATE pg_catalog."default"';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE, $strSql, 'test.test2');
+
+$strSql = 'ALTER TABLE test.test2 DROP COLUMN description ';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE_COLUMN, $strSql,
+			 'test.test2.description', true, false);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_TABLE, $strSql,
+			 'test.test2', false, true);
+
+$strSql = 'drop table test.test2';
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DROP_TABLE, $strSql, 'test.test2', true, false);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_CONSTRAINT, $strSql, 'test_pkey on test.test2',
+			 false, false);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DROP_TABLE_INDEX, $strSql, 'test.test_pkey', false, true);
+
+$strSql = "CREATE  FUNCTION public.int_add(IN a pg_catalog.int4 , IN b " .
+		  "pg_catalog.int4 ) RETURNS  pg_catalog.int4 LANGUAGE plpgsql  " .
+		  "VOLATILE  CALLED ON NULL INPUT SECURITY INVOKER COST 100   AS '" .
+		  " begin return a + b; end '";
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_FUNCTION, $strSql,
+			 'public.int_add(integer,integer)');
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_SELECT, "select int_add(1, 1)",
+							 undef, true, false);
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_EXECUTE_FUNCTION, "select int_add(1, 1)",
+									   'public.int_add', false, true);
+
+$strSql = "CREATE AGGREGATE public.sum_test(  pg_catalog.int4) " .
+		  "(SFUNC=public.int_add, STYPE=pg_catalog.int4, INITCOND='0')";
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_AGGREGATE, $strSql, 'public.sum_test(integer)');
+
+# There's a bug here in deparse:
+$strSql = "ALTER AGGREGATE public.sum_test(integer) RENAME TO sum_test2";
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_AGGREGATE, $strSql, 'public.sum_test2(integer)');
+
+$strSql = "CREATE COLLATION public.collation_test (LC_COLLATE = 'de_DE', " .
+		  "LC_CTYPE = 'de_DE')";
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_COLLATION, $strSql, 'public.collation_test');
+
+$strSql =  "ALTER COLLATION public.collation_test RENAME TO collation_test2";
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_COLLATION, $strSql, 'public.collation_test2');
+
+$strSql = "CREATE  CONVERSION public.conversion_test FOR 'SQL_ASCII' " .
+		  "TO 'MULE_INTERNAL' FROM pg_catalog.ascii_to_mic";
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_CONVERSION, $strSql, 'public.conversion_test');
+
+$strSql = "ALTER CONVERSION public.conversion_test RENAME TO conversion_test2";
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_CONVERSION, $strSql, 'public.conversion_test2');
+
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_CREATE_DATABASE, "CREATE DATABASE database_test");
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_ALTER_DATABASE,
+			 "ALTER DATABASE database_test rename to database_test2");
+PgLogExecute(COMMAND_DROP_DATABASE, "DROP DATABASE database_test2");
+
+# Make sure there are no more audit events pending in the postgres log
+PgLogWait();
+
+# Stop the database
+if (!$bNoCleanup)
+{
+	PgDrop();
+}
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/contrib.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/contrib.sgml
index a698d0f..5b247a9 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/contrib.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/contrib.sgml
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ CREATE EXTENSION <replaceable>module_name</> FROM unpackaged;
  &ltree;
  &pageinspect;
  &passwordcheck;
+ &pgaudit;
  &pgbuffercache;
  &pgcrypto;
  &pgfreespacemap;
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml
index 89fff77..6b0b407 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@
 <!ENTITY oid2name        SYSTEM "oid2name.sgml">
 <!ENTITY pageinspect     SYSTEM "pageinspect.sgml">
 <!ENTITY passwordcheck   SYSTEM "passwordcheck.sgml">
+<!ENTITY pgaudit         SYSTEM "pgaudit.sgml">
 <!ENTITY pgbench         SYSTEM "pgbench.sgml">
 <!ENTITY pgarchivecleanup SYSTEM "pgarchivecleanup.sgml">
 <!ENTITY pgbuffercache   SYSTEM "pgbuffercache.sgml">
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/pgaudit.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/pgaudit.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4588619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/pgaudit.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+<!-- doc/src/sgml/pgaudit.sgml -->
+
+<sect1 id="pgaudit" xreflabel="pgaudit">
+  <title>pg_audit</title>
+
+  <indexterm zone="pgaudit">
+    <primary>pg_audit</primary>
+  </indexterm>
+
+  <para>
+    The <filename>pg_audit</filename> module provides session and object
+    auditing via the standard logging facility.  Session and object auditing are
+    completely independent and can be combined.
+  </para>
+
+  <sect2>
+    <title>Session Auditing</title>
+
+    <para>
+      Session auditing allows the logging of all commands that are executed by
+      a user in the backend.  Each command is logged with a single entry and
+      includes the audit type (e.g. <literal>SESSION</literal>), command type
+      (e.g. <literal>CREATE TABLE</literal>, <literal>SELECT</literal>) and
+      statement (e.g. <literal>"select * from test"</literal>).
+
+      Fully-qualified names and object types will be logged for
+      <literal>CREATE</literal>, <literal>UPDATE</literal>, and
+      <literal>DROP</literal> commands on <literal>TABLE</literal>,
+      <literal>MATVIEW</literal>, <literal>VIEW</literal>,
+      <literal>INDEX</literal>, <literal>FOREIGN TABLE</literal>,
+      <literal>COMPOSITE TYPE</literal>, <literal>INDEX</literal>, and
+      <literal>SEQUENCE</literal> objects as well as function calls.
+    </para>
+
+    <sect3>
+      <title>Configuration</title>
+
+      <para>
+        Session logging is controlled by the <literal>pg_audit.log</literal>
+        GUC. There are six classes of commands that are recognized:
+
+        <itemizedlist>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>
+              <literal>READ</literal> - <literal>SELECT</literal> and
+              <literal>COPY</literal> when the source is a table or query.
+            </para>
+          </listitem>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>
+              <literal>WRITE</literal> - <literal>INSERT</literal>,
+              <literal>UPDATE</literal>, <literal>DELETE</literal>,
+              <literal>TRUNCATE</literal>, and <literal>COPY</literal> when the
+              destination is a table.
+            </para>
+          </listitem>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>
+              <literal>FUNCTION</literal> - Function calls and
+              <literal>DO</literal> blocks.
+            </para>
+          </listitem>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>
+              <literal>DDL</literal> - DDL, plus <literal>VACUUM</literal>,
+              <literal>REINDEX</literal>, and <literal>ANALYZE</literal>.
+            </para>
+          </listitem>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>
+              <literal>PARAMETER</literal> - Parameters that were passed for the statement.  Parameters immediately follow the statement text.
+            </para>
+          </listitem>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>
+              <literal>MISC</literal> - Miscellaneous commands, e.g.
+              <literal>DISCARD</literal>, <literal>FETCH</literal>,
+              <literal>CHECKPOINT</literal>.
+            </para>
+          </listitem>
+        </itemizedlist>
+      </para>
+
+      <para>
+        Enable session logging for all writes and DDL:
+          <programlisting>
+pg_audit.log = 'write, ddl'
+          </programlisting>
+      </para>
+
+      <para>
+        Enable session logging for all commands except miscellaneous:
+          <programlisting>
+pg_audit.log = 'all, -misc'
+          </programlisting>
+      </para>
+
+      <para>
+      Note that <literal>pg_audit.log</literal> can be set globally (in
+      <filename>postgresql.conf</filename>), at the database level (using
+      <literal>alter database ... set</literal>), or at the role level (using
+      <literal>alter role ... set</literal>).
+      </para>
+    </sect3>
+
+    <sect3>
+      <title>Examples</title>
+
+      <para>
+        Set <literal>pg_audit.log = 'read, ddl'</literal> in
+        <literal>postgresql.conf</literal>.
+      </para>
+
+      <para>
+        SQL:
+      </para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+create table account
+(
+    id int,
+    name text,
+    password text,
+    description text
+);
+
+select *
+    from account;
+
+insert into account (id, name, password, description)
+             values (1, 'user1', 'HASH1', 'blah, blah');
+      </programlisting>
+
+      <para>
+        Log Output:
+      </para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+AUDIT: SESSION,DDL,CREATE TABLE,TABLE,public.account,create table account
+(
+    id int,
+    name text,
+    password text,
+    description text
+);
+AUDIT: SESSION,READ,SELECT,,,select *
+    from account
+      </programlisting>
+    </sect3>
+  </sect2>
+
+  <sect2>
+    <title>Object Auditing</title>
+
+    <para>
+      Object auditing logs commands that affect a particular object.  Only
+      <literal>SELECT</literal>, <literal>INSERT</literal>,
+      <literal>UPDATE</literal> and <literal>DELETE</literal> commands are
+      supported.
+    </para>
+
+    <sect3>
+      <title>Configuration</title>
+
+      <para>
+        Object-level auditing is implemented via the roles system.  The
+        <literal>pg_audit.role</literal> GUC defines the role that will be used
+        for auditing.  An object will be audited when the audit role has
+        permissions for the command executed or inherits the permissions from
+        another role.
+      </para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+postresql.conf: pg_audit.role = 'audit'
+
+grant select, delete
+   on public.account;
+      </programlisting>
+
+      <para>
+      Note that <literal>pg_audit.role</literal> can be set globally (in
+      <filename>postgresql.conf</filename>), at the database level (using
+      <literal>alter database ... set</literal>), or at the role level (using
+      <literal>alter role ... set</literal>).
+      </para>
+    </sect3>
+
+    <sect3>
+      <title>Examples</title>
+
+      <para>
+        Set <literal>pg_audit.role = 'audit'</literal> in
+        <literal>postgresql.conf</literal>.
+      </para>
+
+      <para>
+        SQL:
+      </para>
+
+        <programlisting>
+create table account
+(
+    id int,
+    name text,
+    password text,
+    description text
+);
+
+grant select (password)
+   on public.account
+   to audit;
+
+select id, name
+  from account;
+
+select password
+  from account;
+
+grant update (name, password)
+   on public.account
+   to audit;
+
+update account
+   set description = 'yada, yada';
+
+update account
+   set password = 'HASH2';
+
+create table account_role_map
+(
+    account_id int,
+    role_id int
+);
+
+grant select
+   on public.account_role_map
+   to audit;
+
+select account.password,
+       account_role_map.role_id
+  from account
+       inner join account_role_map
+            on account.id = account_role_map.account_id
+        </programlisting>
+
+      <para>
+        Log Output:
+      </para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+AUDIT: OBJECT,READ,SELECT,TABLE,public.account,select password
+  from account
+AUDIT: OBJECT,WRITE,UPDATE,TABLE,public.account,update account
+   set password = 'HASH2'
+AUDIT: OBJECT,READ,SELECT,TABLE,public.account,select account.password,
+       account_role_map.role_id
+  from account
+       inner join account_role_map
+            on account.id = account_role_map.account_id
+AUDIT: OBJECT,READ,SELECT,TABLE,public.account_role_map,select account.password,
+       account_role_map.role_id
+  from account
+       inner join account_role_map
+            on account.id = account_role_map.account_id
+      </programlisting>
+    </sect3>
+  </sect2>
+
+  <sect2>
+    <title>Format</title>
+
+    <para>
+      Audit entries are written to the standard logging facility and contain
+      the following columns in comma-separated format:
+
+      <note>
+        <para>
+          Output is compliant CSV format only if the log line prefix portion
+          of each log entry is removed.
+        </para>
+      </note>
+
+      <itemizedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>
+            <literal>AUDIT_TYPE</literal> - <literal>SESSION</literal> or
+            <literal>OBJECT</literal>.
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>
+            <literal>STATEMENT_ID</literal> - Unique statement ID for this
+            session.  Each statement ID represents a backend call.
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>
+            <literal>SUBSTATEMENT_ID</literal> - Sequential ID for each
+            substatement within the main statement.  For example, calling
+            a function from a query.
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>
+            <literal>CLASS</literal> - <literal>READ</literal>,
+            <literal>WRITE</literal>, <literal>FUNCTION</literal>,
+            <literal>DDL</literal>, or <literal>MISC</literal>.
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>
+            <literal>COMMAND</literal> - <literal>ALTER TABLE</literal>,
+            <literal>SELECT</literal>, <literal>CREATE INDEX</literal>,
+            <literal>UPDATE</literal>, etc.
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>
+            <literal>OBJECT_TYPE</literal> - <literal>TABLE</literal>,
+            <literal>INDEX</literal>, <literal>VIEW</literal>, etc.  Only
+            available for DML and certain DDL commands.
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>
+            <literal>OBJECT_NAME</literal> - The fully-qualified object name
+            (e.g. public.account).  Only available for DML and certain DDL
+            commands.
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>
+            <literal>STATEMENT</literal> - Statement execute on the backend.
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+      </itemizedlist>
+    </para>
+  </sect2>
+
+  <sect2>
+    <title>Authors</title>
+
+    <para>
+      Abhijit Menon-Sen <email>ams@2ndQuadrant.com</email>, Ian Barwick <email>ian@2ndQuadrant.com</email>, and David Steele <email>david@pgmasters.net</email>.
+    </para>
+  </sect2>
+</sect1>


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